Dermatological Collars for Non-Human Animals

Abstract

The present invention relates to a collar for non-human animals, preferably companion animals, comprising a polymer matrix and a lipid extract comprising sphingomyelin.It also refers to a collar for use as a medicine, in particular a collar for use as an adjuvant, and a collar for use in treating or preventing atopic or allergic dermatitis, and a collar for use in restoring skin integrity during or after atopic or allergic dermatitis, increasing skin moisture and softness, promoting skin regeneration, or reducing skin itching.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a collar for non-human animals incorporating a lipid extract containing sphingomyelin.It also refers to a collar for use as a medicine, in particular for use as an adjuvant, and for use in treating or preventing atopic or allergic dermatitis, as well as for restoring skin integrity during or after atopic or allergic dermatitis, increasing skin moisture and softness, promoting skin regeneration, or reducing skin itching. [Background technology]

[0002] Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by an itchy, scaly skin rash. It is a multifactorial disease resulting from the interaction of genetic factors, barrier function defects, environmental factors, susceptibility to skin infections, and several immunological factors.

[0003] Atopic dermatitis is a very common disease in companion animals. Genetic factors seem to be very important, as dogs have a breed-specific predisposition. The most common symptom in dogs is the presence of itchy skin due to constant scratching, licking and rubbing.

[0004] Steroids, antihistamines, and antibiotics are commonly prescribed to treat atopic dermatitis. Long-term use of these medications can produce undesirable side effects. There is therefore a need to find alternative treatments and routes of administration that are effective and comfortable for both companion animals and the humans providing the treatment.

[0005] The topical route is used to treat atopic dermatitis in companion animals, and this type of administration involves administering a topical solution with a pipette (spot-on solution).

[0006] M. Blaskovic et al. (Vet. J. 199, 39-43 (2014)) disclose the use of a spot-on formulation containing polyunsaturated fatty acids and essential oils in dogs with atopic dermatitis. The product is applied once a week for 8 weeks.

[0007] R. Marsella et al. (BMC Vet. Res. 16, 92 (2020)) disclose the use of the Atopivet Spot-on product in dogs with atopic dermatitis. The product is a topical solution in a pipette containing sphingolipids and glycosaminoglycans. Two drops per pipette are administered per week for eight weeks on the pet's ears, axillae, interdigital spaces between the hind and hind paws, groin, chest, and back.

[0008] It is important to emphasize that the need to use 8 or 16 pipettes for spot-on treatment makes the product expensive, and the need to frequently apply the product to various affected areas of the pet's body is inconvenient for both the dog and the owner.

[0009] Thus, there is a need for a topical route of administration of active agents for atopic dermatitis that is effective, easy to apply, cost-effective, and does not require regular weekly application, and that releases active agents over time, as an alternative to spot-on pipettes.

[0010] Companion animal collars are widely used to administer anti-parasitic therapeutics topically (see, for example, patent GB2316871B), but their use to administer active substances for atopic dermatitis has not been disclosed to date.

[0011] Even if insecticidal collars are effective, it is unclear whether collars containing active substances for atopic dermatitis are effective, as there may be problems with the collars not releasing the active substance sufficiently, or with too little of the active substance being distributed throughout the animal's system before it reaches the lesions. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The inventors have found that the collar of the invention, as defined below, is novel, exhibits a suitable in vitro kinetic release pattern of lipid extract in a fat medium, and results in a significant reduction in lesions caused by atopic dermatitis at 4 and 8 weeks, and in a significant reduction in skin itching at 4 and 8 weeks in non-human animals, preferably companion animals, and can therefore be used for the treatment or prevention of atopic or allergic dermatitis, as well as for restoring skin integrity during or after atopic or allergic dermatitis, increasing skin moisturization and softness, reducing skin itching, or promoting skin regeneration in non-human animals, preferably companion animals.

[0013] Thus, the present invention relates to a collar for a non-human animal, preferably a companion animal, comprising a polymer matrix and a lipid extract, the lipid extract comprising sphingomyelin.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a collar as defined above, wherein the lipid extract is suitable to be released into the body of a non-human animal, preferably a companion animal.

[0015] In another preferred embodiment, the invention relates to a collar as previously defined, wherein the polymer matrix is ​​a thermoplastic polyurethane, also known as TPU.

[0016] In another preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a collar as previously defined, wherein the lipid extract comprises at least 30% by weight of sphingomyelin relative to the total weight of the lipid extract.

[0017] In another preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a collar as defined above, wherein the lipid extract comprises at least 45% by weight of sphingomyelin relative to the total weight of the lipid extract, more preferably at least 50% by weight of sphingomyelin relative to the total weight of the lipid extract.

[0018] In another preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a collar as defined above, wherein the lipid extract comprises 30% to 70% by weight of sphingomyelin relative to the total weight of the lipid extract, 1% to 15% by weight of ceramide relative to the total weight of the lipid extract, less than 0.5% by weight of sulfatides relative to the total weight of the lipid extract, less than 0.5% by weight of gangliosides relative to the total weight of the lipid extract, 20% to 58% by weight of phospholipids relative to the total weight of the lipid extract, and 0.5% to 10% by weight of neutral lipids relative to the total weight of the lipid extract, and the sum of the percentages of the lipid extract components equals 100%.

[0019] In a more preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a collar as defined above, wherein the lipid extract comprises 45% to 65% by weight of sphingomyelin relative to the total weight of the lipid extract, 2% to 6% by weight of ceramide relative to the total weight of the lipid extract, less than 0.2% by weight of sulfatides relative to the total weight of the lipid extract, less than 0.2% by weight of gangliosides relative to the total weight of the lipid extract, 25% to 45% by weight of phospholipids relative to the total weight of the lipid extract, and 0.5% to 4.5% by weight of neutral lipids relative to the total weight of the lipid extract, and the sum of the percentages of the lipid extract components is equal to 100%.

[0020] In another preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a collar as defined above, wherein the lipid extract comprises 50% to 59% by weight of sphingomyelin relative to the total weight of the lipid extract, 3.5% to 5.2% by weight of ceramide relative to the total weight of the lipid extract, less than 0.05% by weight of sulfatides relative to the total weight of the lipid extract, 0.05% by weight of gangliosides relative to the total weight of the lipid extract, 32% to 44% by weight of phospholipids relative to the total weight of the lipid extract and 1% to 3% by weight of neutral lipids relative to the total weight of the lipid extract, and the sum of the percentages of the lipid extract components is equal to 100%.

[0021] The group of sphingomyelins also includes dihydrosphingomyelin. The group of ceramides includes ceramide, dihydroceramide, glucosylceramide, and lactosylceramide. Phospholipids include, for example, phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidylserine, phosphatidylcholine plasmalogen, and lysophosphatidylethanolamine transformants. Neutral lipids include, for example, diacylglycerol, and triacylglycerol. The lipid extract has a very low content of sulfatides, usually less than 0.5%, preferably less than 0.05%, more preferably less than 0.01%. The content of gangliosides (GM1, GM2, GM3, GD1) is also very low, usually less than 0.5%, preferably less than 0.05%, more preferably less than 0.01%. In fact, the sulfatides and gangliosides measurement method used allows the detection of 0.006 mg / g sulfatides and 0.009 mg / g gangliosides, whereas no detectable amounts of sulfatides and gangliosides were found in the three batches of lipid extract defined below and used in the present invention.

[0022] In another preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a collar as defined above, wherein the lipid extract is of animal origin, preferably bovine or porcine, more preferably from porcine intestinal mucosa or from bovine or porcine trachea, even more preferably the lipid extract is from bovine trachea.

[0023] In another preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a collar as defined above, comprising 2% to 5% by weight of lipid extract relative to the weight of the collar, preferably 2% to 3% by weight of lipid extract relative to the weight of the collar, more preferably 2.5% by weight of lipid extract relative to the weight of the collar.

[0024] In another preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a collar as defined above, wherein the polymer matrix and the lipid extract are present in the collar such that the weight ratio of polymer matrix to lipid extract is comprised between 30:1 and 29:1, more preferably said ratio is 29.8:1 or 29.5:1.

[0025] In another preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a collar as defined above, wherein the collar is a dermatology collar.

[0026] The present invention also relates to a method for making a collar as defined above, comprising the steps of: 1) Heating the polymer matrix; 2) adding a mixture containing a plasticizer and a stabilizer to the polymer matrix of step 1); 3) cooling the mixture of step 2); 4) adding the lipid extract; and 5) The mixture obtained in step 4) is molded into the shape of a collar.

[0027] In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for making a collar as defined above, wherein the polymer matrix is ​​a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), which is preferably heated to a temperature between 90°C and 95°C.

[0028] In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for making a collar as defined above, wherein the plasticizer is ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate and the stabilizer is a mixture of C7-9-alkyl 3-(3,5-di-trans-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-methyl-(n)-dodecylphenol isomer, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)sebacate and methyl 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidylsebacate.

[0029] In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for obtaining a collar as defined above, wherein in step 2) a fragrance is added, preferably the fragrance is lavender oil.

[0030] In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for obtaining a collar as defined above, wherein in step 3) the mixture of step 2) is cooled to room temperature.

[0031] In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for obtaining a collar as defined above, wherein steps 1), 2), 3) and 4) are carried out under stirring.

[0032] In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for obtaining a collar as defined above, wherein the mixture obtained from step 4) is injection molded into the shape of a collar. Collars of different lengths can be obtained, for example 35 cm or 75 cm collars.

[0033] In another embodiment, the invention relates to a method for obtaining a collar as defined above, wherein in step 4 a dye such as black iron oxide is added.

[0034] In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for obtaining a collar as defined above, wherein the polymer matrix and the lipid extract are present in the collar in a weight ratio of polymer matrix to lipid extract comprised between 30:1 and 29:1, more preferably said ratio is 29.8:1 or 29.5:1.

[0035] The present invention also relates to a collar as defined above for use as a medicine.

[0036] The present invention also relates to a collar as defined above for use as an animal health product.

[0037] It will be understood that when the collar of the present invention is used as an animal health product, the collar is intended for the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, mitigation or cure of a disease or disorder in a non-human animal.

[0038] The present invention also relates to a collar as defined above for use as an adjuvant.

[0039] It will be appreciated that when the collar of the present invention is used as an adjuvant, the collar containing the lipid extract will complement or enhance the action of the main drug.

[0040] The present invention also relates to a collar as defined above for use in the treatment or prevention of atopic or allergic dermatitis in non-human animals, preferably companion animals.

[0041] Likewise, the present invention also relates to the use of a collar as defined above for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of atopic or allergic dermatitis in non-human animals, preferably companion animals.

[0042] Likewise, the present invention also relates to a method for treating or preventing atopic or allergic dermatitis in a non-human animal, preferably a companion animal, which comprises applying around the neck of the animal a collar as defined above.

[0043] The present invention also relates to a collar as defined above for use in restoring skin integrity during or after atopic or allergic dermatitis, increasing skin moisture and softness, reducing skin itching, or promoting skin regeneration in non-human animals, preferably companion animals.

[0044] Likewise, the present invention also relates to the use of a collar as defined above for restoring skin integrity during or after atopic or allergic dermatitis, increasing skin moisture and softness, reducing skin itching or promoting skin regeneration in non-human animals, preferably companion animals.

[0045] In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a collar for any of the uses defined above, characterized in that the lipid extract is released onto the body of the non-human animal by keeping the collar on the animal's neck for 8 weeks.

[0046] Throughout the present invention, the term "animal" refers to "non-human animals", preferably "companion animals". Examples include, inter alia, dogs and cats. Preferably, the animal in the context of the present invention is a dog.

[0047] The present invention also relates to an animal health product in the form of a collar as defined above.

[0048] The lipid extract of the collar of the invention can be obtained by extraction methods from mammalian tissues, such as for example the intestinal mucosa of pigs, bovine or porcine trachea. Preferably it can be obtained from bovine trachea. The trachea, once disrupted, is subjected to enzymatic digestion in an aqueous medium (with a proteolytic enzyme, preferably subtilisin), preferably at a temperature between 50°C and 60°C, leaving a solid residue and an emulsion. It is then decanted, preferably at a temperature between 80°C and 90°C, the solid residue is discarded and the process continues with the emulsion from which the water has been removed by vacuum evaporation. The concentrate obtained by evaporation is then resuspended in acetone, preferably at a temperature of 30°C, diatomaceous earth is added, it is filtered and the insoluble fraction is resuspended in alcohol, preferably in methanol, at a temperature of 50°C. It is then filtered, the solid fraction is discarded and the process continues with the liquid fraction. The methanol is then partially removed from the liquid fraction until a concentrate is obtained, which is then precipitated with acetone. After decanting off the liquid fraction, the solid fraction obtained is washed several times with acetone if necessary, discarding the supernatant after each wash to retain the solid fraction, which is dried under vacuum. It is then crushed and sieved. This solid fraction constitutes the lipid extract containing sphingomyelin and is used in the collar of the present invention. According to this method, various batches of lipid extract can be obtained, the composition of which can differ from each other (see, for example, the composition of three batches in Table 1, expressed as the weight % of each component relative to the total weight of the lipid extract, the sum of the percentages of the lipid extract components being equal to 100%).

[0049] [Table 1]

[0050] Taking into account batch-to-batch compositional variability, the resulting lipid extract contains the group of compounds shown in Table 2.

[0051] [Table 2]

[0052] Preferably, the lipid extract obtained contains the group of compounds shown in Table 3.

[0053] [Table 3]

[0054] More preferably, the lipid extract obtained contains the group of compounds shown in Table 4.

[0055] [Table 4]

[0056] It should be noted that the lipid extracts used in the present invention contain sphingomyelin and are substantially free of sulfatides and gangliosides. For example, the three batches of lipid extract in Table 1 had undetectable amounts of sulfatides and gangliosides.

[0057] Among other benefits, this collar offers the following: - allowing an effective timed release of lipid extracts in adipose medium (corresponding to sebum from the skin of companion animals), as seen in in vitro studies with release at 8, 15 and 22 days (see Example 3).

[0058] - Efficacy has been demonstrated in dogs with atopic dermatitis, with significant reduction (p<0.05) in lesions and itch after 4 and 8 weeks (see Example 4).

[0059] - Already in the middle of the treatment period (after 4 weeks), the treatment showed excellent results in terms of both the reduction of lesions and the reduction of itching. In fact, a significant reduction was observed from 0 to 4 weeks in CADESI (Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index) (lesions) (43%; p<0.05) and PICAD (Pruritus Index for Canine Atopic Dermatitis) (itch) (52.3%; p<0.05). A significant reduction (p<0.05) was also observed in the PVAS index (itch) from 0 to 2 weeks (25.8%) and from 1 to 2 weeks (20.6%). In contrast, the Atopivet Spot-on pipette (R. Marsella et al., BMC Vet. Res. 16, 92 (2020)) reduced CADESI by only 5.1% at 4 weeks, which was not statistically significant, and therefore no effect was observed after 4 weeks based on the PVAS index. Therefore, the collar acts faster against atopic dermatitis than the Atopivet Spot-on.

[0060] - The collar does not need to be combined with lipid extracts and glycosaminoglycans to be effective, whereas in the Atopivet Spot-on pipette, sphingolipids must be combined with glycosaminoglycans.

[0061] - The treatment is easy and comfortable to administer. All that is required is to place a collar around the companion animal's neck and remove it after two months. In the case of Spot-on pipettes, creams or gels, it is necessary to look for the lesion each time and apply the solution, cream or gel from the pipette to the lesion.

[0062] - The frequency of application of the product is reduced: the collar is worn once every two months, whereas for example the Spot-on pipette is applied once a week for 8 weeks, or the Atopevet Spot-on pipette is applied twice a week for 8 weeks (16 applications in total).

[0063] - More cost-effective than Spot-on pipettes, reducing the burden on companion animal caregivers - for example, monthly costs can be reduced by approximately 50% compared to Atopivet Spot-on pipettes.

[0064] - Your pet does not require any special care before or after putting on the collar, whereas with the Spot-on pipette it is recommended to wash your pet before each application and not immediately after applying the pipette, in order to avoid removing the product from the skin.

[0065] Throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprises" and variations thereof are not intended to exclude other technical features, additives, ingredients, or steps. Thus, the term "comprises" should be understood to include "consists solely of" and "consists essentially of."

[0066] For those skilled in the art, other objects, advantages, and features of the present invention can be inferred in part from both the description and the embodiments of the present invention. The following examples and figures are provided for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the present invention. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0067] [Figure 1] 1 shows the percentage release of lipid extract over time in an in vitro study. [Diagram 2] The mean lesion scores using CADESI are shown at the start of treatment, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks. [Diagram 3] The mean pruritus severity score using PICAD is shown at the start of treatment, after 4 weeks, and after 8 weeks. [Figure 4] Mean pruritus severity scores using the PVAS index by dog ​​owners at the start of treatment, one week, and two weeks after treatment. EXAMPLES

[0068] The following examples are illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0069] Example 1: Preparation of a collar 35 cm long 9.76 g of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was introduced under stirring into a reactor preheated to a temperature of 90°C to 95°C. Once the polymer had reached said temperature, 2.62 g of ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate plasticizer, 0.0655 g of a mixture of stabilizers of C7-9-alkyl 3-(3,5-di-trans-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-methyl-(n)-dodecylphenol isomer, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)sebacate and methyl 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidylsebacate, and 0.1965 g of lavender oil were gradually added. Stirring was continued until the mixture was completely incorporated into the polymer. The mixture obtained was then cooled to room temperature, maintaining constant stirring. Then, 0.33 g of lipid extract was added (see composition in Table 4) and the mixture was dyed (with black iron oxide) and homogenized. The reactor was drained and finally the mixture was injection molded in a mold. The resulting collar contained 2.5% by weight of lipid extract with respect to the weight of the collar.

[0070] Example 2: Preparation of a 75 cm long collar The same method as described for the 35 cm collar was repeated, but in this case using 19.67 g of thermoplastic polyurethane, 0.66 g of lipid extract, 5.28 g of diphenyl ethylhexyl phosphate plasticizer, 0.132 g of a mixture of C7-9-alkyl 3-(3,5-di-trans-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-methyl-(n)-dodecylphenol isomer, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)sebacate and methyl 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidylsebacate stabilizers, and 0.396 g of lavender oil. The resulting collar contained 2.5% by weight of lipid extract relative to the weight of the collar.

[0071] Example 3: In vitro study of the release of lipid extracts The aim of this study was to assess in vitro how much and for how long lipid extracts were released from the collar in a lipid medium considered to be representative of sebum from the skin of livestock.

[0072] Materials and Methods The test was carried out with a laboratory batch of three collars obtained according to Example 1, containing 2.5% by weight of lipid extract.

[0073] The three collars were fragmented and the fragments of each collar were immersed in a fat medium consisting of a mixture of triglycerides and shaken on a magnetic stirrer. Fragments of each collar were taken at the start of the analysis, and after 8, 15 and 22 days. At each of these time points, the same laboratory analysis was performed: quantification of methyl palmitate (a component of lipid extract) by gas chromatography. This allowed the content of lipid extract remaining in each of the three collars to be determined and the average value of the three collars to be calculated. The percentage release was measured from this value.

[0074] result The results obtained are summarized in Table 5 below:

[0075] [Table 5]

[0076] FIG. 1 also shows the percentage release of lipid extract over time.

[0077] As can be observed, the release percentage of the lipid extract after 22 days was 21% in the mixture of triglycerides, therefore this study showed good release kinetics of the lipid extract in the fatty medium.

[0078] Example 4: In vivo study of efficacy and safety in dogs with atopic dermatitis The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of collar application in the management of canine patients with atopic dermatitis and evaluated the safety of product application, extent and severity of lesions, and effect on pruritus.

[0079] Materials and Methods The study included 12 dogs of different breeds, sexes, and ages with a confirmed diagnosis of non-seasonal atopic dermatitis and no other significant coexisting diseases, and the dogs were fitted with either the collar of Example 1 or Example 2, depending on their size.

[0080] The total treatment and follow-up period from the start of treatment was 8 weeks. Veterinary control visits were performed at the start of treatment (0 weeks), 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after treatment using a weekly owner-administered itch assessment (Pruritus Visual Analog Scale - PVAS) as well as two scores (Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index - CADESI)-4 and the Pruritus Index for Canine Atopic Dermatitis - PICAD).

[0081] CADESI allowed the scoring of different lesions (erythema, lichenification, alopecia / excoriation) on different parts of the body (ears, armpits, forelegs and hindlegs, elbow pits, carpal and palmar pads, flanks, groin, lower abdomen, perineum and ventral proximal part of the tail).

[0082] The PICAD allowed scoring of itching in various body areas by observing the frequency and intensity of the following: ear scratching / shaking, head scratching / rubbing, scratching / rubbing / licking of trunk and armpits, scratching / rubbing / licking of abdomen, licking / chewing of front paws, licking / chewing of hind paws, licking / chewing of legs, and rubbing / licking / chewing of anogenital area.

[0083] The PVAS index allows for scoring of itch observed by dog ​​owners, who rate the intensity of itch exhibited by their pet once a week on a scale of 0 to 10, with 0 being no itch and 10 being unbearable itch.

[0084] result Application of the collar for 8 weeks appeared to be safe and did not result in any associated side effects.

[0085] In CADESI, a significant decrease (43%; p<0.05) was observed from 0 to 4 weeks, as well as a significant decrease (48.6%; p<0.05) from 0 to 8 weeks (see Figure 2).

[0086] For PICAD, a significant decrease was observed from 0 to 4 weeks (52.3%; p<0.05) and from 0 to 8 weeks (43.2%; p<0.05) (see Figure 3).

[0087] A significant decrease (p<0.05) was observed in the PVAS index from 0 to 2 weeks (25.8%) and from 1 to 2 weeks (20.6%) (see FIG. 4).

Claims

1. A collar for non-human animals comprising a polymer matrix and a lipid extract, wherein the lipid extract contains sphingomyelin.

2. The collar according to claim 1, wherein the polymer matrix is thermoplastic polyurethane.

3. The collar according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lipid extract contains at least 30% by weight of sphingomyelin based on the total weight of the lipid extract.

4. The lipid extract contains 30% to 70% by weight of sphingomyelin based on the total weight of the lipid extract, 1% to 15% by weight of ceramide based on the total weight of the lipid extract, less than 0.5% by weight of sulfatide based on the total weight of the lipid extract, less than 0.5% by weight of ganglioside based on the total weight of the lipid extract, 20% to 58% by weight of phospholipid based on the total weight of the lipid extract, and 0.5% to 10% by weight of neutral lipid based on the total weight of the lipid extract, and the sum of the percentages of the lipid extract components is equal to 100%. The collar according to claim 3.

5. The lipid extract contains 45% to 65% by weight of sphingomyelin based on the total weight of the lipid extract, 2% to 6% by weight of ceramide based on the total weight of the lipid extract, less than 0.2% by weight of sulfatide based on the total weight of the lipid extract, less than 0.2% by weight of ganglioside based on the total weight of the lipid extract, 25% to 45% by weight of phospholipid based on the total weight of the lipid extract, and 0.5% to 4.5% by weight of neutral lipid based on the total weight of the lipid extract, and the sum of the percentages of the lipid extract components is equal to 100%. The collar according to claim 4.

6. The lipid extract contains 50% to 59% by weight of sphingomyelin based on the total weight of the lipid extract, 3.5% to 5.2% by weight of ceramide based on the total weight of the lipid extract, less than 0.05% by weight of sulfatide based on the total weight of the lipid extract, less than 0.05% by weight of ganglioside based on the total weight of the lipid extract, 32% to 44% by weight of phospholipid based on the total weight of the lipid extract, and 1% to 3% by weight of neutral lipid based on the total weight of the lipid extract, and the sum of the percentages of the lipid extract components is equal to 100%. The collar according to claim 5.

7. The collar according to claim 1, wherein the lipid extract is bovine or porcine.

8. The collar according to claim 7, wherein the lipid extract is derived from the trachea of bovine or porcine.

9. The collar according to claim 1, comprising 2% to 5% by weight of the lipid extract based on the weight of the collar.

10. The collar according to claim 9, comprising 2.5% by weight of the lipid extract based on the weight of the collar.

11. The collar according to claim 1, for use as a pharmaceutical.

12. The collar according to claim 1, for use as an adjuvant.

13. The collar according to claim 1, for use in the treatment or prevention of atopic dermatitis or allergic dermatitis in non-human animals.

14. The collar according to claim 1, for use in non-human animals to restore skin integrity during or after atopic dermatitis or allergic dermatitis, increase skin moisture and flexibility, reduce skin itching, or promote skin regeneration.

15. The collar for use according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the lipid extract is released onto the body of the non-human animal by holding the front collar around the neck of the animal for 8 weeks.

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