Compositions containing glycolipids

Abstract

The present invention relates to compositions comprising glycolipids and methods for making formulations comprising glycolipids.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] FIELD OF THEINVENTION The present invention relates to compositions comprising glycolipids and methods for making formulations comprising glycolipids.

[0002] prior art Glycolipids can be obtained as metabolic products of certain microorganisms. Both wild-type and genetically modified strains are used as microbial production hosts.

[0003] Glycolipids are surface-active substances whose biodegradability makes them important as environmentally friendly alternatives in a wide range of industrial applications, particularly in the personal and household care sector, but also in agriculture and fracking applications.

[0004] Product forms that are liquid at room temperature have proven to be the best choice for most of these applications. Low viscosity guarantees processing using piping systems and pumps. On the other hand, a high concentration of active substance is required to keep the water content low. This allows the production of environmentally friendly formulations and also contributes to environmental aspects such as reduced fuel consumption per kg of active ingredient during transportation.

[0005] Furthermore, a high active substance content allows for easier storage, thus reducing the amount of preservative required per kg of active ingredient, and also allows for greater formulation flexibility.

[0006] Matsuyama et al. Serrations and Other Surfactants Produced by Serratia, Biosurfactants. Microbiology Monographs, vol 20, 2011 discloses the structures of rubiwettin RG1 and β-D-glucopyranosyl 3-(3'-hydroxytetradecanoyloxy)decanoate, glycolipids produced by Serratia marcescens.

[0007] DE 19648439 A1 discloses the use of mixtures of glycolipids and surfactants for the production of hand dishwashing detergents.

[0008] WO2019154970 discloses a mixture composition comprising a particular glycolipid, its use for producing a formulation, and a formulation comprising the mixture composition.

[0009] Rhamnolipids are readily available commercially as glycolipids produced by fermentation processes.

[0010] Concentrated rhamnolipid compositions and their preparation are disclosed in EP 3023431. However, the products described therein exhibit a significant increase in viscosity at high concentrations.

[0011] Furthermore, the rhamnolipid-containing compositions of EP 3023431 invariably result in the formation of a paste-like mass when adjusted to a pH value below pH 5.5, as indeed disclosed in Example 2 of EP 3023431.

[0012] However, cosmetic formulations are often preserved with acids, which results in a low pH in the formulation. The same is true for many cleaning formulations, where acidic ingredients are included as cleaning actives, for example to dissolve limescale sludge.

[0013] Therefore, there is a need for a high concentration glycolipid composition that has low viscosity even at low pH.

[0014] Preferably, these glycolipids have a simple structure and / or a low molecular weight for ease of production and handling.

[0015] Description of the Invention Surprisingly, it has been found that certain glycolipids can be concentrated to high levels, have very low viscosity at low pH values, and are stable even at a pH value of 4.0.

[0016] Thus, the present invention provides a composition comprising a glycolipid according to claim 1.

[0017] The present invention further provides a method for producing a formulation comprising a glycolipid according to claim 11.

[0018] One advantage of the present invention is that the product is homogeneous even at low pH values.

[0019] Another advantage of the present invention is that the composition is easy to dilute.

[0020] Another advantage of the present invention is that the compositions exhibit improved microbiological stability.

[0021] Another advantage of the present invention is that the composition is easily miscible with other surfactants.

[0022] A further advantage of the present invention is that the composition is easier to incorporate into cosmetic formulations.

[0023] Another advantage of the present invention is that the composition allows for the formulation of concentrated surfactant formulations at very low pH.

[0024] Another advantage of the present invention is that the compositions exhibit reduced foaming tendency due to their high concentration and achievable low pH values, thus facilitating transportation and delivery.

[0025] Another advantage of the present invention is that the salts of the present invention have excellent foam stabilizing properties as aqueous solutions.

[0026] Another advantage of the present invention is that the composition can easily incorporate hydrophobic ingredients such as oils.

[0027] Another advantage of the present invention is that the composition has high storage stability.

[0028] A further advantage of the present invention is that the composition generates less contamination during its manufacture and during transportation in pipelines, and is easier to clean.

[0029] Another advantage of the present invention is that less energy is required to transport the composition.

[0030] Another advantage of the present invention is that the composition has a very low freezing point, which means that the composition remains processable at low temperatures.

[0031] In the context of the present invention, the term "glycolipid" refers to a glycolipid having the general formula (I) [ka] [In the formula, m is 1 or 0; R 1 and R 2 are, independently of one another, identical or different organic radicals having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, in particular optionally branched, optionally substituted, in particular hydroxy-substituted, optionally unsaturated, in particular optionally mono-, di- or tri-unsaturated alkyl radicals, preferably pentenyl, heptenyl, nonenyl, undecenyl and tridecenyl, and (CH2) o -CH3, where o is 1 to 23, preferably 4 to 12, or a salt thereof.

[0032] Each glycolipid is abbreviated according to the following nomenclature: "GL-CXCY" is a compound represented by the general formula (I) [wherein R 1 and R 2 One of them is (CH2) o -CH3 (where o=X-4) and the remaining group R 1 or R 2 is (CH2) o -CH3 (wherein o=Y-4) is understood to mean a glycolipid of the formula

[0033] Therefore, the nomenclature used does not distinguish between "CXCY" and "CYCX".

[0034] When one of the subscripts X and / or Y is followed by ":Z", this means that each group R 1 and / or R 2 is an unbranched, unsubstituted hydrocarbon group having X-3 or Y-3 carbon atoms and Z double bonds.

[0035] The present invention relates to 20% to 70% by weight, preferably 35% to 60% by weight, particularly preferably 40% to 50% by weight of the compound represented by the general formula (I) [ka] [In the formula, R 1 and R 2 are each independently the same or different organic group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, 30% by weight to 80% by weight, preferably 40% by weight to 65% by weight, particularly preferably 50% by weight to 60% by weight of water; The present invention provides a composition comprising the above-mentioned components, wherein the weight percentages are based on the total composition, and characterized in that the pH of the composition at 25°C is 3.5 to 8.0, preferably 3.8 to 6.9, more preferably 4.1 to 6.1, and particularly preferably 4.5 to 5.4.

[0036] "pH" in the context of this invention is defined as the value measured on the composition at 25°C after stirring for 5 minutes using a pH electrode calibrated in accordance with ISO 4319 (1977).

[0037] The term "total dry mass" in the context of the present invention is understood to mean that part of the composition according to the invention which remains - other than water, of course - after removal of the components which are liquid at 25° C. and 1 bar from the composition according to the invention.

[0038] For determining the glycolipid content in the context of the present invention, only the mass of the glycolipid anion is considered, i.e. "general formula (I) minus one hydrogen".

[0039] To determine the glycolipid content in the context of the present invention, all glycolipids are converted into the protonated form (see general formula (I)) by acidification and quantified by HPLC.

[0040] Unless otherwise specified, all percentages given are percentages by weight.

[0041] A preferred composition according to the present invention is one in which the composition comprises at least 51% by weight, preferably 98% by weight, preferably 60% by weight to 95% by weight, more preferably 70% by weight to 90% by weight, particularly preferably 75% by weight to 85% by weight of a compound represented by general formula (I) [wherein R 1 and R 2 is (CH2)6-CH3], where the weight percentage is based on the sum of all glycolipids of general formula (I) present.

[0042] A preferred composition according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises at least 60% by weight, preferably at least 80% by weight and particularly preferably at least 90% by weight of glycolipids of general formula (I), where the weight percentages are relative to the total dry mass of the entire composition.

[0043] The glycolipids present in the composition according to the invention are at least partially present as salts at a given pH.

[0044] In a preferred composition according to the invention, the cation of the glycolipid salt present is Li + , Na + , K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Al 3+ , NH4 + , Zn 2+, primary ammonium ions, secondary ammonium ions, tertiary ammonium ions and quaternary ammonium ions, and amino acids, preferably proteinogenic amino acids.

[0045] Representative examples of suitable ammonium ions are tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium, tetrapropylammonium, tetrabutylammonium and [(2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium] (choline), as well as the cations of 2-aminoethanol (ethanolamine, MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), 2,2',2''-nitrilotriethanol (triethanolamine, TEA), 1-aminopropan-2-ol (monoisopropanolamine), ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, 1,4-diethylenetriamine (piperazine), aminoethylpiperazine and aminoethylethanolamine.

[0046] A particularly preferred cation is Na + , Li + , K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , NH4 + and tetraethylammonium cations, preferably selected from the group consisting of these, wherein Li + , K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , NH4 + and the tetraethylammonium cation is most preferred.

[0047] Mixtures of the abovementioned cations may also be present as cations in the glycolipid salts present according to the invention.

[0048] A preferred composition according to the present invention is one in which the composition 50% by weight to 99% by weight, preferably 70% by weight to 95% by weight, particularly preferably 85% by weight to 90% by weight of glycolipid anion wherein the weight percent is the weight percent of OH present in the composition. - For all anions except

[0049] A preferred composition according to the invention is 1% by weight to 30% by weight, preferably 5% by weight to 25% by weight, particularly preferably 10% by weight to 20% by weight of GL-C8C10 It may be advantageous and is therefore preferred to include, in which the weight percentages are based on the sum of all glycolipids of general formula (I) present.

[0050] A preferred composition according to the present invention is one in which the composition 0.5% by weight to 20% by weight, preferably 3% by weight to 17% by weight, particularly preferably 5% by weight to 15% by weight of GL-C10C12:1 wherein the percentage by weight is based on the sum of all glycolipids of general formula (I) present.

[0051] Further preferred compositions according to the present invention are those comprising 0.5% by weight to 20% by weight, preferably 2% by weight to 15% by weight, particularly preferably 3% by weight to 12% by weight of GL-C10C12 wherein the percentage by weight is based on the sum of all glycolipids of general formula (I) present.

[0052] Particularly preferred compositions according to the present invention are those in which the composition 1% by weight to 30% by weight, preferably 5% by weight to 25% by weight, particularly preferably 10% by weight to 20% by weight of GL-C8C10; 0.5% to 20% by weight, preferably 3% to 17% by weight, particularly preferably 5% to 15% by weight, of GL-C10C12:1; 0.5% by weight to 20% by weight, preferably 2% by weight to 15% by weight, particularly preferably 3% by weight to 12% by weight of GL-C10C12 wherein the percentage by weight is based on the sum of all glycolipids of general formula (I) present.

[0053] A very particularly preferred composition according to the invention is one in which the composition 10% by weight to 20% by weight of GL-C8C10, 5% by weight to 15% by weight of GL-C10C12:1, 3% to 12% by weight of GL-C10C12 wherein the percentage by weight is based on the sum of all glycolipids of general formula (I) present.

[0054] In addition to the above, it is preferred that the composition according to the invention contains only a small amount of glycolipid of formula GL-CX. In particular, the composition according to the invention preferably contains 0% to 5% by weight, preferably 0.01% to 4% by weight, particularly preferably 0.1% to 3% by weight of GL-C10 wherein the weight percentages are based on the sum of all glycolipids of general formula (I) present.

[0055] The compositions according to the invention can be advantageously incorporated into formulations, in particular cosmetic and household care formulations, due to their low viscosity, pourability and pumpability.

[0056] A further subject of the present invention is therefore a process for the preparation of a formulation, in particular a cosmetic or household care formulation, comprising glycolipids, comprising a) providing a composition comprising a glycolipid according to the present invention; b) providing at least one further formulation ingredient; c) mixing the glycolipid-containing composition with at least one further formulation component and adjusting the glycolipid content of the total composition by addition of water to 0.5% to 20% by weight, preferably 2.0% to 15% by weight, particularly preferably 3.0% to 12% by weight of glycolipid, wherein the weight percentages are based on the total formulation; The method includes:

[0057] A preferred composition comprising a glycolipid provided in method step a) is a composition according to the invention which has been described above as a preferred composition according to the invention.

[0058] The at least one further formulation component provided in process step b) is preferably one of the following: Emollients, emulsifier, Thickeners / viscosity modifiers / stabilizers, UV protection filter, Antioxidants, hydrotropes (or polyols), Solids and fillers, Film-forming agents, Pearlescent additives, Active ingredients in deodorants and antiperspirants, Insect repellents, Self-tanning agents, Preservatives, Conditioning agents, fragrance, dye, Odor absorbers, Cosmetic active ingredients, Care additives, Superfatting agents, Surfactants, solvent is selected from the group:

[0059] Substances which can be used as representatives of the individual groups are known to the person skilled in the art and are described, for example, in German application DE 102008001788.4, which is incorporated herein by reference and thus forms part of the present disclosure.

[0060] With regard to further optional ingredients and the amounts of these ingredients to be used, explicit reference is made to relevant handbooks known to the person skilled in the art, such as, for example, K. Schrader, “Grundlagen und Rezepturen der Kosmetika [Fundamentals and Formulations of Cosmetics]”, 2nd edition, pages 329 to 341, Huethig Buch Verlag Heidelberg.

[0061] The amount of each additive will vary depending on the intended use.

[0062] Typical guide formulations for each application are known prior art and are described, for example, in the brochures of the manufacturers of the respective bases and active ingredients. These existing formulations can generally be adopted as is. However, if necessary, simple experiments for adaptation and optimization can be carried out to make desired modifications without complication.

[0063] The present invention further provides a salt of at least one glycolipid, the salt comprising Na + , Li + , K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Al 3+ , NH4 + The present invention provides a salt characterized in that it contains at least one cation selected from the group consisting of primary ammonium ions, secondary ammonium ions, tertiary ammonium ions and quaternary ammonium ions, preferably selected from the group consisting of these.

[0064] The salt according to the invention preferably comprises at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 70% by weight, particularly preferably at least 95% by weight, of at least one cation, where the weight percentages arise from and are based on the weight of the entire salt of "glycolipid anion + cation".

[0065] Representative examples of suitable ammonium ions are tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium, tetrapropylammonium, tetrabutylammonium and [(2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium] (choline), as well as the cations of 2-aminoethanol (ethanolamine, MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), 2,2',2''-nitrilotriethanol (triethanolamine, TEA), 1-aminopropan-2-ol (monoisopropanolamine), ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, 1,4-diethylenetriamine (piperazine), aminoethylpiperazine and aminoethylethanolamine.

[0066] A particularly preferred cation is Na + , Li + , K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , NH4 + and tetraethylammonium cations, preferably selected from the group consisting of Li + , K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , NH4 + and the tetraethylammonium cation is most preferred.

[0067] With regard to its glycolipid composition in terms of monobasic acid, dibasic acid and fatty acid content, preferred glycolipid salts according to the invention have the above-listed preferred glycolipids present in the composition according to the invention.

[0068] The examples presented below are intended to illustrate the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention to the embodiments specified in the examples. The scope of the present invention is clear from the entire specification and claims.

[0069] Working Example As already mentioned above, it was an object of the present invention to provide a highly concentrated glycolipid composition that has a low viscosity even at low pH.

[0070] EP 3023431 also aims to provide a high concentration glycolipid composition, which it achieves by comprising a particular rhamnolipid-containing composition.

[0071] In the following examples it is clearly demonstrated that the glycolipids of the present invention far outperform the compositions of EP 3023431.

[0072] Example 1: Preparation of a high-concentration glycolipid solution Glycolipids were produced by fermentation according to Example 2 of WO2019154970.

[0073] The cells were separated by centrifugation at 10,000 g for 20 min. The fermentation broth was separated as the supernatant and adjusted to pH 3.1 by adding concentrated H2SO4.

[0074] After a second centrifugation at 5.000 g for 20 min, the aqueous upper phase was separated and the remaining lower phase represented a concentrate with a glycolipid concentration of more than 50% by weight.

[0075] Example 2: Partial Neutralization with KOH The glycolipid concentrate of Example 1 was adjusted to various pH values ​​as shown in Table 1 by addition of 50 wt % aqueous KOH solution under constant stirring.

[0076] Furthermore, by adding water, glycolipids of various concentrations were produced as shown in Table 1.

[0077] The viscosity was measured using a rheometer (MCR 302, Anton Paar Germany) with a parallel plate measuring system. The diameter of the upper plate was 40 mm, the gap distance was 0.5 mm, and the measurement temperature was 25 °C. The measurements were performed at a shear rate of 100 s -1 So I went.

[0078] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0079] It has surprisingly been found that by partially neutralizing the glycolipids, highly concentrated compositions with very low viscosities can be obtained.

[0080] [Table 1]

[0081] These viscosities are much lower than the viscosities of solutions of the corresponding rhamnolipids disclosed in EP 3023431, which have a similar overall fatty acid group distribution (see table below): [Table 2]

[0082] Example 3: Interfacial tension Show me how The interfacial tension was measured with a Dataphysics OCA 25 instrument based on the pendant drop method. Measurements were performed at a surfactant concentration of 0.5% in water at 22° C. The measurement time was standardized to 300 s and each measurement was repeated twice.

[0083] Glycolipid of Example 2 (concentration: 0.5%) Interfacial tension (pH5.9): 25.6mN / m Interfacial tension (pH7): 30.9mN / m Dirhamnolipid (concentration: 0.5%) Interfacial tension (pH5.5): 28.0mN / m Interfacial tension (pH7): 32mN / m.

[0084] This data indicates that the glycolipids of the present invention have slightly greater surface activity than the corresponding dirhamnolipids.

[0085] Example 4: Sodium salt of glycolipid (according to the invention) The highly concentrated acidic glycolipid suspension obtained in Example 1 was adjusted to pH 6 by adding 50% by weight of NaOH solution, and then water was added to adjust the glycolipid content to 30.0% by weight.

[0086] Example 5: Ammonium salt of glycolipid (according to the invention) The highly concentrated acidic glycolipid suspension obtained in Example 1 was adjusted to pH 6 by adding 25 wt % NH4OH solution. Water was then added to make the glycolipid content 30.0 wt %.

[0087] Example 6: Lithium salt of glycolipid (according to the invention) The highly concentrated acidic glycolipid suspension obtained in Example 1 was adjusted to pH 6 by adding 25 wt % LiOH solution, then water was added to make the glycolipid content 30.0 wt %.

[0088] Example 7: Tetraethylammonium salt of glycolipid (according to the invention) The highly concentrated acidic glycolipid suspension obtained in Example 1 was adjusted to pH 6 by adding 35 wt % N(Et)4OH solution. Water was then added to bring the rhamnolipid content to 30.0 wt %.

[0089] Example 8: Potassium salt of glycolipid (according to the invention) The highly concentrated acidic glycolipid suspension obtained in Example 1 was adjusted to pH 6 by adding a 50% by weight KOH solution, and then water was added to adjust the glycolipid content to 30.0% by weight.

[0090] Example 9: Calcium salt of glycolipid (according to the invention) The highly concentrated acidic glycolipid suspension obtained in Example 1 was adjusted to pH 6 by adding a 25 wt % Ca(OH)2 solution. Water was then added to make the glycolipid content 30.0 wt %.

[0091] Example 10: Magnesium salt of glycolipid (according to the invention) The highly concentrated acidic glycolipid suspension obtained in Example 1 was adjusted to pH 6 by adding a 25 wt % Mg(OH)2 solution. Water was then added to bring the glycolipid content to 30.0 wt %.

[0092] Example 11: Potassium salt of dirhamnolipid (not according to the invention) The concentrated acidic rhamnolipid suspension was adjusted to pH 6 by addition of 50 wt % KOH solution. Water was then added to bring the rhamnolipid content to 30.0 wt %.

[0093] Example 12: Foam stability of glycolipid salts with monovalent cations Formulations were made in 150 mL beakers by mixing 1.67 g of each sample (Examples 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 11) with 98.33 g of water to give a surfactant concentration of 0.5%. 20 mL of the diluted sample was then transferred to a 100 mL graduated cylinder. The closed graduated cylinder was shaken 40 times to generate foam. The foam height was observed for 1 hour. The foam height is given in mL.

[0094] [Table 3]

[0095] This data shows that the glycolipid salts of the present invention have superior foam stability than the corresponding dirhamnolipid salts.

[0096] Example 13: Foam stability of glycolipid salts with divalent cations Formulations were made in 150 mL beakers by mixing 1.67 g of each sample (Examples 9, 10 and 11) with 98.33 g of water to give a surfactant concentration of 0.5%. 50 mL of the diluted sample was then transferred to a 250 mL graduated cylinder. The closed graduated cylinder was shaken 40 times to generate foam. The foam height was observed for 1 hour. The foam height is given in mL.

[0097] [Table 4]

[0098] This data shows that the glycolipid salts of the present invention have superior foam stability than the corresponding dirhamnolipid salts.

[0099] Example 14: Viscosity of Highly Concentrated Glycolipid Salts The 30% concentration glycolipid salt obtained in Example 4 (30% Na in water) + Glycolipid salt, pH 6), 30% concentration glycolipid salt obtained in Example 5 (30% NH4 in water + Glycolipid salt, pH 6), 30% concentration glycolipid salt obtained in Example 6 (30% Li in water + Glycolipid salt, pH 6), 30% concentration glycolipid salt obtained in Example 7 (30% N(CH2CH3)4 in water + salt, pH 6) and the 30% concentration glycolipid salt obtained in Example 10 (30% Mg in water 2+ Viscosity analysis of glycolipids (pH 6) was performed.

[0100] The viscosity was measured using a rheometer (MCR 302, Anton Paar Germany) with a parallel plate measuring system. The diameter of the upper plate was 40 mm, the gap distance was 0.5 mm, and the measurement temperature was 25 °C. The measurements were performed at a shear rate of 100 s -1 So I went.

[0101] [Table 5]

[0102] All monovalent and divalent glycolipid salts presented here have lower viscosities than the dirhamnolipid potassium salt at the same concentration and pH.

Claims

1. below: 20% to 70% by weight of a compound of general formula (I) 【Chemistry 1】 [In the formula, R １ and R ２ are each independently the same or different organic groups having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, or salts thereof; 30% to 80% by weight of water wherein the weight percentages are based on the total composition, and wherein the pH of the composition at 25°C is between 3.5 and 8.

0.

2. The mixed composition comprises at least 51% by weight of a compound represented by the general formula (I) [wherein R １ and R ２ is (CH ２ ) ６ -CH ３ 2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains the glycolipid GL-C10C10 of which the weight percentage is based on the sum of all the glycolipids of general formula (I) present.

3. 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises at least 60% by weight of glycolipid of general formula (I), wherein the weight percentage is relative to the total dry mass of the entire composition.

4. The cation of the glycolipid salt present is Li ＋ , Na ＋ , K. ＋ , Mg ２＋ , Ca ２＋ , Al ３＋ , N.H. ４ ＋ 2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the ammonium ions are selected from the group comprising primary ammonium ions, secondary ammonium ions, tertiary ammonium ions and quaternary ammonium ions.

5. The composition 50% to 99% by weight of glycolipid anion wherein the weight percent is the weight of the OH group present in the composition. － 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the anions are all substituted or unsubstituted anions.

6. The composition 1% by weight to 30% by weight of GL-C8C10 2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises:

7. The composition 0.5% to 20% by weight of GL-C10C12:1 2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises:

8. The composition 0.5% to 20% by weight of GL-C10C12 2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises:

9. The composition 1% to 30% by weight of GL-C8C10, 0.5% to 20% by weight of GL-C10C12:1, 0.5% to 20% by weight of GL-C10C12 2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises:

10. The composition 0% to 5% by weight of GL-C10 2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises:

11. 1. A method for producing a formulation comprising a glycolipid, comprising: a) providing a composition comprising a glycolipid according to any one of claims 1 to 10; b) providing at least one further formulation ingredient; c) mixing the glycolipid-containing composition with the at least one further formulation component and adjusting the glycolipid content of the total composition to 0.5% to 20% by weight of glycolipid by adding water, wherein the weight percentage is based on the total formulation; A method comprising:

12. 12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the at least one further formulation ingredient provided in method step b) is selected from the group of emollients, emulsifiers, thickeners / viscosity modifiers / stabilizers, UV protection filters, antioxidants, hydrotropes (or polyols), solids and fillers, film-forming agents, pearlescent additives, deodorant and antiperspirant active ingredients, insect repellents, self-tanning agents, preservatives, conditioning agents, fragrances, dyes, odor absorbers, cosmetic active ingredients, care additives, superfatting agents, surfactants, solvents.

13. A salt of at least one glycolipid, said salt comprising Na ＋ , Li ＋ , K. ＋ , Mg ２＋ , Ca ２＋ , Al ３＋ , N.H. ４ ＋ 1. A salt comprising at least one cation selected from the group consisting of primary ammonium ions, secondary ammonium ions, tertiary ammonium ions and quaternary ammonium ions.

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