Vehicle interior skin material and vehicle seat

Abstract

To provide a strong vehicle interior skin material that is suppressed in generation of wrinkles on the surface and capable of covering a three-dimensional object with an excellent appearance.SOLUTION: A vehicle interior skin material 10 is a layered body having a back base fabric 1 stuck to a base material, and satisfies all conditions that a shearing angle is 6.4-8.0 [degrees] and a load is 17.5 [gf / cm] or less for shearing characteristics of the layered body. Thus, the vehicle interior skin material is suppressed in generation of wrinkles on the surface while exhibiting an appropriate strength, and can cover a three-dimensional object with an excellent appearance.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a vehicle interior covering material used as a cover for the interior of a vehicle, and a vehicle seat. [Background technology]

[0002] Genuine leather, artificial leather, cloth, etc. are widely used as skin materials for vehicle interiors. In the past, appropriate ranges were defined for the shear stiffness, bending stiffness, and tensile strain of vehicle interior skin materials made of natural or synthetic leather, thereby preventing the occurrence of wrinkles and allowing the surface of a three-dimensional object to be covered with an excellent appearance (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2016-185721 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, although the skin material of Patent Document 1 is effective in reducing wrinkles that occur in the surface material, the effect is not sufficient. That is, in the conventional technology, it is possible to reduce wrinkles that occur in the surface material by setting the strength of the skin material low, but it is difficult to fully meet the demand to reduce wrinkles that occur in the surface material while satisfying the necessary strength. For example, if the skin material has a laminated structure, it is easy to improve the strength, but in that case, the ability to conform to curved or peripheral surfaces decreases, and wrinkles may occur on the back side and even on the front side.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle interior covering material and a vehicle seat that ensure strength while suppressing the occurrence of wrinkles. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The invention described in claim 1 is a skin material for vehicle interiors, A laminate in which a backing fabric is bonded to a substrate, Regarding the shear properties of the laminate, Shear angle: 6.4 degrees or more and 8.0 degrees or less Load 17.5 [gf / cm] or less It is characterized in that all of the following conditions are satisfied:

[0007] The invention described in claim 2 is the vehicle interior skin material described in claim 1, The backing fabric is characterized by being made of textured yarn.

[0008] The invention described in claim 3 is the vehicle interior skin material described in claim 1, The backing fabric is characterized in that it is a warp knitted fabric made of warp yarns.

[0009] The invention described in claim 4 is the vehicle interior skin material described in claim 1, The warp yarns are characterized in that they have a total fineness of 75 denier or more and 100 denier or less.

[0010] The invention described in claim 5 is a vehicle seat, The vehicle interior skin material according to claim 1, The present invention is characterized in that at least a portion of the vehicle facing the built-in passenger protection device is covered.

[0011] The invention described in claim 6 is the vehicle seat described in claim 5, The vehicle interior skin material according to claim 1, The cushion pad facing the passenger protection device is covered in part or in whole.

[0012] The invention described in claim 7 is the vehicle seat described in claim 5, The vehicle interior skin material according to claim 1, It is characterized by covering the mounted passenger support device.

[0013] The invention described in claim 8 is the vehicle seat described in claim 5, The bulging portion is covered with a skin formed by a plurality of sewing lines, and the entire surface of the skin is partly made of the vehicle interior skin material according to claim 1. Effect of the Invention

[0014] The vehicle interior skin material recited in claim 1 has shear properties of a laminate, and by setting the shear angle and load within the aforementioned preferred numerical ranges, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of wrinkles and to cover the surface of a three-dimensional object with excellent appearance. In addition, as long as the shear angle and load are within the above-mentioned preferred numerical ranges, the skin material for vehicle interiors can cover the surface of the object while suppressing the occurrence of wrinkles without having to set the strength of the skin material low, so that the strength can be maintained high. Also, since the skin material for vehicle interiors is made of a laminate in which a backing fabric is bonded to a substrate, the strength of the skin material for vehicle interiors can be maintained high by the backing fabric.

[0015] In the vehicle interior skin material according to claim 2, the backing fabric is made of textured yarn, which makes it easy to impart elasticity to the vehicle interior skin material and reduces the occurrence of wrinkles caused by the backing fabric.

[0016] In the vehicle interior skin material described in claim 3, the backing fabric is a warp-knitted fabric made of warp yarns, and therefore the stitches are firm and strength is maintained, while stretchability in a specified direction is ensured, and folding processability can be improved.

[0017] In the vehicle interior skin material described in claim 4, all of the warp threads have a fineness of 75 denier or more and 100 denier or less, which makes it possible to provide suitable bending workability while ensuring high strength.

[0018] In the vehicle seat according to claim 5, at least a position facing a built-in passenger protection device is covered with the vehicle interior covering material. This allows the surface of the vehicle seat to be covered while suppressing the occurrence of wrinkles, making it possible to maintain a high level of design quality in the exterior. Furthermore, the shear properties and elasticity of the vehicle interior skin material ensure that it exhibits adequate strength even when the passenger protection device is activated, so that the vehicle interior skin material is not destroyed and the passenger protection device can maintain its posture and operate properly, allowing it to perform its function normally and effectively.

[0019] In the vehicle seat recited in claim 6, the vehicle interior skin material covers a part or all of the cushion pad at a position facing the passenger protection device, so that the vehicle interior skin material effectively withstands the pressure applied through the cushion pad when the passenger protection device is activated, allowing the passenger protection device to normally and effectively perform its function.

[0020] In the vehicle seat recited in claim 7, the vehicle interior skin material covers the mounted passenger support device, so that the vehicle interior skin material can cover the passenger support device while suppressing the occurrence of wrinkles in accordance with the irregularities caused by deformation of the passenger support device.

[0021] The vehicle seat described in claim 8 contains a vehicle interior skin material in part of the skin formed by the multiple sewing lines that cover the bulging portion, and the shear properties of the vehicle interior skin material make it possible to suppress the occurrence of wrinkles in the entire skin and to cover the bulging portion while maintaining its conformability to the surface. Also, since the use of vehicle interior skin material is limited to a portion, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the skin. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0022] [Figure 1] 1 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle interior skin material according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a method for measuring the shear properties of a skin material for vehicle interiors. [Diagram 3]FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between correspondingly varying shear angle and shear load for an ideal sample. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a list showing the type of yarn, the thickness of the yarn, the knitting method of the yarn, the density, and the processing conditions of the backing fabric of samples (1) to (15). [Diagram 5] 1 is a table showing the shear angle, shear load, and wrinkle occurrence state of samples (1) to (15). [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a diagram plotting the shear angle and shear load values ​​of samples (1) to (15). [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a list showing samples (2) to (15) wound around a core as viewed from the center line direction and as viewed from the radially outer side. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle interior skin material of a comparative example. [Figure 9] 1 is a diagram showing the shear stiffness of samples (1) to (15). [Figure 10] FIG. 1 is a diagram plotting the shear stiffness values ​​in the transverse and longitudinal directions of samples (1) to (15). [Figure 11] 1 is a graph showing the tensile strain of samples (1) to (15). [Figure 12] FIG. 1 is a diagram plotting the tensile strain in the transverse and longitudinal directions of samples (1) to (15). [Figure 13] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle seat to which a vehicle interior covering material is applied. [Figure 14] 14 is a cross-sectional view of the vehicle seat taken along the line AA in FIG. 13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0023] Preferred embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiments described below are subject to various technically preferable limitations for carrying out the present invention, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the following embodiments and illustrated examples. This embodiment illustrates a vehicle interior skin material and a vehicle seat to which the same is applied as a covering material. Vehicles to which the vehicle interior skin material and vehicle seat described below are applied include all vehicles in which humans travel, such as ships, aircraft, and cars, but this embodiment illustrates the application of the vehicle interior skin material and vehicle seat to a vehicle, particularly an automobile.

[0024] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a vehicle interior skin material 10. As shown in the figure, the vehicle interior skin material 10 has a three-layer structure consisting of a backing fabric 1 that serves as the lining, a foamed layer 2 made of a urethane slab formed on the backing fabric 1, and a PVC top layer 3 that serves as the outer layer and is formed on the foamed layer 2. The vehicle interior skin material 10 is used, for example, as a covering material for the surface of a vehicle seat or as a skin material for the interior of a vehicle, and when used, the top layer 3 faces the surface side. Note that reference symbol C in the figure denotes a core around which the vehicle interior skin material 10 is wound.

[0025] The back base fabric 1 is formed by warp knitting textured polyester yarn. The foam layer 2 is a urethane slab made of foamed urethane having a density of 0.022 and a residual pressure of 3 [t] (thickness). The top layer 3 is made of PVC and is not foamed. The vehicle interior skin material 10 is formed by bonding the above-mentioned backing fabric 1, foam layer 2, and top layer 3 in a laminated state by frame lamination processing, thereby integrating them into one body.

[0026] Regarding the shear properties of the skin material for vehicle interiors 10, when the shear angle and the load indicating the shear force are within respective prescribed numerical ranges, the skin material for vehicle interiors 10 covering the surface of a three-dimensional shape deforms smoothly to conform to the curved surface of the three-dimensional shape and adheres closely to it, suppressing the occurrence of wrinkles and the like.

[0027] [Method of measuring shear properties] Here, a method for measuring the shear properties will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the vehicle interior skin material 10 is cut into a strip-like sample having a width of 20 cm in the left-right direction, and both ends of the strip are clamped by chucks H1 and H2, respectively. At this time, a gap of 5 cm is ensured between chuck H1 and chuck H2, and measurements are taken on the vehicle interior skin material 10 with a width of 20 cm in the left-right direction and a length of 5 cm in the up-down direction. In other words, the vehicle interior skin material 10 has a length of at least 5 cm in the up-down direction plus the clamping allowances for chuck H1 and chuck H2.

[0028] A constant tensile load W (=10 [gf / cm]) is applied to the two chucks H1, H2 in a direction in which one moves away from the other (a direction parallel to the plane of the vehicle interior skin material 10 and perpendicular to the width direction: the up-down direction in FIG. 2). While keeping this tensile load W constant, chuck H2 is moved to one side of the width direction (left-right direction in FIG. 2) (positive direction, for example, rightward in FIG. 2) so as to keep the shear rate constant (for example, 0.417 mm / sec), and a shear load F is applied. Then, the change in the load F and the shear angle φ [° (degrees)] generated in the vehicle interior skin material 10 is measured. In the above measurement, the shear angle φ gradually increases, and at a certain point, wrinkles appear in the vehicle interior skin material 10. With the wrinkle occurrence point as the limit, chuck H2 is then moved in the opposite direction (to the left in FIG. 2) to apply a shear load F in the opposite direction. In this case, the shear rate is also kept constant. When the reverse movement of the chuck H2 causes wrinkles in the vehicle interior skin material 10, the chuck H2 is folded back again and moved in the forward direction (to the right in FIG. 2) while maintaining the shear rate constant. Then, the measurement of the shear load F is terminated when the shear angle φ passes the point where it becomes 0 and the shear angle φ occurs in the reverse direction by about 1 to 2°.

[0029] Figure 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the shear angle φ and the shear load F, which change correspondingly, obtained by measuring the above shear properties of an ideal sample. The horizontal axis shows the shear angle φ, and the vertical axis shows the shear load F. The shear angle φ is positive when it is tilted to the right, and negative when it is tilted to the left. The shear load F is positive when it is applied to the right of the top end of the sample, and negative when it is applied to the left. The arrows in FIG. 3 indicate the direction in which the detection points obtained by the above measurement operation change.

[0030] As shown in the figure, shortly after the chuck H2 moves to the right at the start of the measurement, the shear angle φ and the shear load F increase while the slope indicating the change in the shear load F with respect to the shear angle φ remains almost constant, and the slope becomes large just before wrinkles occur. Then, as wrinkles occur, the direction of movement of the chuck H2 is reversed. Therefore, at the time of wrinkle occurrence, the shear load F becomes maximum within the measurement range. Thereafter, when the chuck H2 is rotated to the left, the slope of the shear load F with respect to the shear angle φ immediately after the rotation shows a large downward gradient, and thereafter, the shear angle φ and the shear load F decrease while the slope remains roughly constant.

[0031] Then, just before the second wrinkle occurs, the downward slope becomes larger, and as the wrinkle occurs, the moving direction of the chuck H2 is reversed again. Therefore, at the time when the wrinkle occurs, the shear load F becomes the smallest within the measurement range. Thereafter, when the chuck H2 is rotated to the right, the slope of the shear load F with respect to the shear angle φ shows a large increasing gradient immediately after the rotation, and thereafter, the shear angle φ and the shear load F increase while the slope remains roughly constant. As shown in the figure, the change in the shear load F relative to the shear angle φ produces hysteresis in the positive and negative directions of the shear load F, but the slope is generally constant except before and after the occurrence of wrinkles.

[0032] The slope dF / dφ of the shear load F relative to the shear angle φ is called the shear stiffness G. The average value of the shear stiffness G over the entire range in the above measurement is one of the indicators showing the shear properties of the sample. If the shear stiffness G value is large, it is difficult for shear deformation to occur, and if the shear stiffness G value is small, it is a material that is prone to shear deformation.

[0033] The vehicle interior skin material 10 of the present invention satisfies the conditions that, in the above measurement, the absolute value of the shear angle φ just before or at the moment when wrinkles occur is 6.4 degrees or more and 8.0 degrees or less, and the absolute value of the shear load F at that time is 17.5 gf / cm or less.

[0034] When the shear angle φ and the shear load F are within the respective prescribed numerical ranges, the vehicle interior skin material 10 deforms to conform to the curved surface of the three-dimensional shape and adheres closely to it, while covering the three-dimensional shape with sufficiently reduced wrinkles.

[0035] In the vehicle interior skin material 10, the above shear properties are achieved by selecting the material of the backing fabric 1. That is, the shear properties can be adjusted by the type of yarn, the thickness of the yarn, the weaving method of the yarn, the density, etc. of the backing fabric 1.

[0036] [Measurement of tensile strain] In addition, the tensile strain of the vehicle interior skin material 10 is also measured for reference. As in the case of measuring shear properties, the tensile strain is measured by clamping both ends of a 20 cm wide strip of skin material 10 between chucks H1 and H2 with a gap of 5 cm between them. A tensile load is then applied to skin material 10 in a direction in which one of chucks H1 and H2 moves away from the other (a direction parallel to the plane of skin material 10 and perpendicular to the width direction: the vertical direction in Fig. 2), and the tensile strain generated in the vertical direction is measured. The tensile load was gradually increased from 0 to a maximum of 500 [gf / cm], and the strain rate was 4.00 × 10 -3Maintain / sec. The amount of strain in the tensile direction when the maximum tensile load of 500 gf / cm was reached was measured, and the ratio to the original length was calculated as a percentage, which was called the tensile strain ε m Let us assume that. EXAMPLES

[0037] [About the sample] Next, the type of yarn, yarn thickness, yarn knitting method, density, processing conditions, etc. of the backing fabric used for each of Samples (1) to (3), which are comparative examples made of a skin material for vehicle interiors using a conventional backing fabric, and Samples (4) to (15), which are examples of the present invention made of a skin material for vehicle interiors using a new backing fabric, are shown in a table in FIG. 4. In addition, the foamed layer and top layer, excluding the backing fabric, of all of the vehicle interior skin materials of samples (1) to (15) are identical. The foamed layer is a foamed urethane slab with a density of 0.022 and a residual pressure of 3 [t], and the top layer is an unfoamed layer made of PVC.

[0038] First, the backing fabric of the comparative example will be described. Sample (1) is a warp knitted fabric made on a 3-bar tricot knitting machine using 150 denier textured yarn for the front (F), 150 denier raw silk for the middle (M), and 150 denier raw silk for the back (B). The textured yarn is polyester textured yarn. The density C indicates the number of stitches per inch in the warp direction (along the warp threads) and is 46. The density W indicates the number of stitches per inch in the cross direction (perpendicular to the warp threads) and is 36.

[0039] Sample (2) is a warp knitted fabric made on a 3-bar tricot machine using 100 denier tenacity yarn for the front (F), no middle (M), and 100 denier tenacity yarn for the back (B). The tenacity yarn is polyester tenacity yarn. The density C is 49 and the density W is 32.

[0040] Sample (3) is a warp knitted fabric made on a 3-bar tricot knitting machine using 100 denier raw silk for the front (F), no middle (M), and 100 denier raw silk for the back (B). The density C is 47 and the density W is 31. The processing conditions were: processing temperature 170[℃], processing speed 15[m / min], set condition 15[%], set width 175[cm], and effective width 170[cm].

[0041] Hereinafter, the backing fabric of the embodiment of the invention will be described. Sample (4) is a warp knitted fabric made on a 3-bar tricot machine using 100 denier textured yarn for the front (F), no middle (M), and 100 denier textured yarn for the back (B). The textured yarn is polyester textured yarn. The density C is 48 and the density W is 31. The processing conditions were: processing temperature 170[℃], processing speed 15[m / min], set condition 15[%], set width 175[cm], and effective width 170[cm].

[0042] Sample (5) is a warp knitted fabric made on a 3-bar tricot knitting machine using 100 denier textured yarn for the front (F), no middle (M), and 100 denier textured yarn for the back (B). The textured yarn is polyester textured yarn. The density C is 50 and the density W is 31. The processing conditions were: processing temperature 170[℃], processing speed 15[m / min], set condition 17[%], set width 175[cm], and effective width 170[cm].

[0043] Sample (6) is a warp knitted fabric made on a 3-bar tricot knitting machine using 100 denier textured yarn for the front (F), no middle (M), and 100 denier textured yarn for the back (B). The textured yarn is polyester textured yarn. The density C is 49 and the density W is 31. The processing conditions were: processing temperature 170[℃], processing speed 15[m / min], set condition 12[%], set width 166[cm], and effective width 162[cm].

[0044] Sample (7) is a warp knitted fabric made on a 3-bar tricot machine using 100 denier textured yarn for the front (F), no middle (M), and 100 denier textured yarn for the back (B). The textured yarn is polyester textured yarn. The density C is 49 and the density W is 31. The processing conditions were: processing temperature 170[℃], processing speed 15[m / min], set condition 12[%], set width 165[cm], and effective width 161.5[cm].

[0045] Sample (8) is a warp knitted fabric made on a 3-bar tricot knitting machine using 100 denier textured yarn for the front (F), no middle (M), and 100 denier textured yarn for the back (B). The textured yarn is polyester textured yarn. The density C is 50 and the density W is 31. The processing conditions were: processing temperature 170[℃], processing speed 15[m / min], set condition 15[%], set width 176[cm], and effective width 172[cm].

[0046] Sample (9) is a warp knitted fabric made on a 3-bar tricot machine using 100 denier textured yarn for the front (F), no middle (M), and 100 denier textured yarn for the back (B). The textured yarn is polyester textured yarn. The density C is 48 and the density W is 31. The processing conditions were: processing temperature 170[℃], processing speed 15[m / min], set condition 9[%], set width 176[cm], and effective width 172[cm].

[0047] Sample (10) is a warp knitted fabric made on a 3-bar tricot knitting machine using 100 denier textured yarn for the front (F), no middle (M), and 100 denier textured yarn for the back (B). The textured yarn is polyester textured yarn. The density C is 50 and the density W is 31. The processing conditions were: processing temperature 170[℃], processing speed 20[m / min], set condition 15[%], set width 176[cm], and effective width 172[cm].

[0048] Sample (11) is a warp knitted fabric made on a 3-bar tricot knitting machine using 100 denier textured yarn for the front (F), no middle (M), and 100 denier textured yarn for the back (B). The textured yarn is polyester textured yarn. The density C is 50 and the density W is 31.5. The processing conditions were: processing temperature 170[℃], processing speed 15[m / min], set condition 15[%], set width 174[cm], and effective width 170[cm].

[0049] Sample (12) is a warp knitted fabric made on a 3-bar tricot knitting machine using 100 denier textured yarn for the front (F), no middle (M), and 100 denier textured yarn for the back (B). The textured yarn is polyester textured yarn. The density C is 50 and the density W is 31.5. The processing conditions were: processing temperature 170[℃], processing speed 20[m / min], set condition 15[%], set width 174[cm], and effective width 170[cm].

[0050] Sample (13) is a warp knitted fabric made on a 3-bar tricot knitting machine using 100 denier textured yarn for the front (F), no middle (M), and 100 denier textured yarn for the back (B). The textured yarn is polyester textured yarn. The density C is 50 and the density W is 32. The processing conditions were: processing temperature 170[℃], processing speed 20[m / min], set condition 15[%], set width 172[cm], and effective width 168[cm].

[0051] Sample (14) is a warp knitted fabric made on a 3-bar tricot knitting machine using 100 denier textured yarn for the front (F), no middle (M), and 100 denier textured yarn for the back (B). The textured yarn is polyester textured yarn. The density C is 48 and the density W is 32. The processing conditions were: processing temperature 170[℃], processing speed 15[m / min], set condition 9[%], set width 174[cm], and effective width 170[cm].

[0052] Sample (15) is a warp knitted fabric made on a 3-bar tricot machine using 100 denier textured yarn for the front (F), no middle (M), and 100 denier textured yarn for the back (B). The textured yarn is polyester textured yarn. The density C is 48 and the density W is 32. The processing conditions were: processing temperature 170[℃], processing speed 20[m / min], set condition 9[%], set width 174[cm], and effective width 170[cm].

[0053] [Relationship between shear angle and shear load for each sample and occurrence of wrinkles] For the vehicle interior skin materials using the above-mentioned comparative samples (1) to (3) and the examples (4) to (15) of the present invention as the backing fabric, respectively, the shear angle φ and the shear load F were measured according to the above-mentioned method for measuring shear properties, and the values ​​of the shear angle φ and the shear load F at or just before the occurrence of wrinkles are shown in FIG. 5. The values ​​shown in Figure 5 for the shear angle φ and shear load F are the average of the absolute values ​​of the measured values ​​when a shear load F was applied in the forward direction (rightward in Figure 2) and in the reverse direction (leftward in Figure 2). Furthermore, measurements were taken here in the horizontal and vertical directions of the vehicle interior skin material. The horizontal direction refers to the case where the direction along the warp yarns of the warp knit of the backing fabric is defined as the vertical direction, and both ends in the direction perpendicular to this are clamped with chucks H1 and H2 to measure the shear properties, while the vertical direction refers to the case where both ends in the direction along the warp yarns of the warp knit are clamped with chucks H1 and H2 to measure the shear properties. The values ​​shown in Figure 5 are the average values ​​measured in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0054] Moreover, each of the vehicle interior skin materials of samples (1) to (15) was wound around the outer circumference of core C (see Fig. 1) with an outer diameter of 76 cm, and the results of a test to confirm the occurrence of wrinkles at that time are shown in the column "Wrinkles caused by winding" in Fig. 5. "Good" indicates "no wrinkles occurred" and "No" indicates "wrinkles occurred." Fig. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the state of wrinkles in the vehicle interior skin materials of samples (1) to (3). In Fig. 8, the vehicle interior skin material is indicated with reference numeral 10X, and the backing fabric is indicated with reference numeral 1X.

[0055] Furthermore, FIG. 6 shows the results of plotting the values ​​of the shear angle φ and the shear load F at or just before wrinkles occur in each of the samples (1) to (15) on a graph with the horizontal axis representing the shear load F and the vertical axis representing the shear angle φ. Moreover, Fig. 7 shows each of the samples (2) to (15) wound around a core C, as viewed from the center line direction of the core C (referred to as a cross section) and as viewed from the radially outer side (referred to as a side surface) of the core C. In Fig. 7, sample (2) is shown in the upper row, samples (4) to (15) in the middle row, and sample (3) in the lower row. In addition, since samples (4) to (15) are visually almost the same, the state of sample (4) is shown as a representative.

[0056] As shown in the "rolling wrinkles" column in Fig. 5, wrinkles occurred in the skin materials for vehicle interiors of samples (1) to (3). As shown in Figs. 7 and 8, the skin materials for vehicle interiors of samples (1) to (3) had wrinkles in the backing fabric, and fold-like wrinkles due to the wrinkles in the backing fabric occurred in the top layer on the outer circumferential surface side. On the other hand, for samples (4) to (15), no wrinkles were generated in the backing fabric, and therefore no creases were generated in the top layer, resulting in a smooth peripheral surface.

[0057] As shown in FIG. 6, samples (4) to (15) that did not develop wrinkles were concentrated in the range where the shear load F was 17.5 gf / cm or less and the shear angle φ was 6.4° or more and 8.0° or less. Furthermore, even if the shear load F is 17.5 gf / cm or less, when the shear angle φ is less than 6.4°, wrinkles cannot be avoided as shown in sample (3), and even if the shear angle φ is in the range of 6.4° to 8.0°, when the shear load F is greater than 17.5 gf / cm, wrinkles cannot be avoided as shown in sample (1).

[0058] [Shear stiffness of each sample] For the skin materials for vehicle interiors, Samples (1) to (3) which are comparative examples, and the skin materials for vehicle interiors, Samples (4) to (15) which are examples of the present invention, the shear angle φ and shear load F were measured in accordance with the above-mentioned method for measuring shear properties, and the average value of all shear stiffness G within the measurement range in the measurement (hereinafter simply referred to as "shear stiffness G") was calculated. In this case, the vehicle interior skin material was measured in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the shear stiffness G was calculated for each direction.

[0059] FIG. 9 is a chart showing a list of the transverse shear stiffness G, the longitudinal shear stiffness G, and the average transverse and longitudinal shear stiffness G for the vehicle interior skin materials of samples (1) to (15). FIG. 10 shows the results of plotting the shear stiffness G in the horizontal direction on the horizontal axis and the shear stiffness G in the vertical direction on the vertical axis for the vehicle interior skin materials of samples (1) to (15).

[0060] As shown in FIG. 10, samples (4) to (15) that did not develop wrinkles were concentrated in a range in which the shear stiffness G in the horizontal direction was 3.7 [gf / (cm degree)] or less and the shear stiffness G in the vertical direction was 3.5 [gf / (cm degree)] or less. On the other hand, it can be seen that the comparative samples (1) to (3) have horizontal shear stiffness G values ​​greater than 3.7 [gf / (cm·degree)] and vertical shear stiffness G values ​​greater than 3.5 [gf / (cm·degree)], concentrating within a range.

[0061] [Tensile strain of each sample] The tensile strain ε m was measured. In this case, measurements were performed in the horizontal and vertical directions of the vehicle interior skin material, and the tensile strain ε m was measured.

[0062] FIG. 11 shows the tensile strain ε in the transverse direction for the vehicle interior skin materials of samples (1) to (15). m and the longitudinal tensile strain ε m and transverse and longitudinal tensile strain ε m This is a chart showing the average values ​​of the above. FIG. 12 shows the relationship between the tensile strain ε m The vertical axis is the value of the longitudinal tensile strain ε m The results are plotted on a graph showing the values ​​of

[0063] As shown in Fig. 12, the wrinkle-free specimens (4) to (15) had a lateral tensile strain of ε m The value of is 6.0% or more, and the longitudinal tensile strain ε m It can be seen that the values ​​are concentrated in the range of 6.0% or more. On the other hand, the comparative samples (2) and (3) had a tensile strain of ε m The value of ε is less than 6.0%. m The value of was more than 6.0%, but the longitudinal tensile strain ε m The value was less than 6.0%. Therefore, the tensile strain ε m The condition for wrinkle-free formation is the tensile strain ε m It was found that the value was 6.0% or more.

[0064] [Application of vehicle interior skin materials to vehicle seats] Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a vehicle seat 40 to which vehicle interior skin material 10A is applied, and Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of vehicle seat 40 taken along line AA in Fig. 13. In Figs. 13 and 14, when a person is seated in vehicle seat 40, the left hand side of the person is referred to as left, the right hand side is referred to as right, the front is referred to as front, the rear is referred to as rear, the vertically upward direction is referred to as up, and the vertically downward direction is referred to as down.

[0065] The seat shown in FIG. 13 is a vehicle seat, in particular a vehicle seat 40 provided in a vehicle such as an automobile, in which a vehicle occupant sits. As shown in the figure, a vehicle seat 40 includes a seat cushion 41 that supports the buttocks and thighs of an occupant, a seat back 42 whose lower end is supported by the seat cushion 41 to serve as a backrest, and a headrest 43 that is provided at the upper end of the seat back 42 to support the head of the occupant. In addition to the above, the vehicle seat 40 may include auxiliary supports such as a neck rest, arm rest, foot rest, and ottoman.

[0066] The seat cushion 41 includes a cushion frame and a cushion pad (not shown). The seat back 42 includes a seat back frame and a cushion pad 421. The vehicle seat 40 has a seat cushion 41 and a seat back 42 covered with a cover 44 . Here, the vehicle interior skin material 10A is used for a part of the skin 44. The vehicle interior skin material 10A is the same as the vehicle interior skin material 10 described above.

[0067] As shown in FIG. 14, the seat back frame of the seat back 42 has left and right back side frames 422, 423 arranged at a distance from each other, an upper pipe frame (not shown) that connects the upper ends of the left and right back side frames 422, 423, and a lower frame 424 that connects the lower ends of the left and right back side frames 422, 423. The seat back 42 has bulging portions 425, 426 formed of vertically extending protruding stripes at the left and right ends thereof by the cushion pad 421 enveloping the left and right back side frames 422, 423.

[0068] An airbag device 45 as an occupant protection device is provided inside the left bulging portion 425 and on the outer lateral side (left side) of the left back side frame 422. The airbag device 45 is wrapped in a cushion pad 421 together with the back side frame 422. The airbag device 45 has its components housed in a housing that is somewhat flat in the left-right direction.

[0069] Skin 44 is made partially using vehicle interior skin material 10A, and is made entirely using vehicle interior skin materials other than vehicle interior skin material 10A. The vehicle interior skin material of skin 44 is obtained by replacing backing fabric 1 with a conventional backing fabric in the configuration of vehicle interior skin material 10 described above. The conventional backing fabric corresponds to any one of samples (1) to (3) given as comparative examples in the above-mentioned examples. Further, the skin 44 is made of a skin material 10A for vehicle interiors, which has the same structure as the skin material 10 for vehicle interiors described above, only in a predetermined portion.

[0070] The portion of the skin 44 that covers the aforementioned bulges 425, 426 is constructed by sewing together a plurality of parts of skin material for vehicle interiors along a plurality of sewing lines so as to be able to cover the bulges 425, 426 in accordance with their surface shapes. The vehicle interior skin material 10A is used as a part that covers an area R1 (the shaded area in FIG. 13) that is the left side surface of the left bulging portion 425 and extends over almost the entire left side surface of the seat back . Region R1 is the surface of the cushion pad 421 that encases the airbag device 45 and the left back side frame 422, and corresponds to a position facing the left surface of the housing of the built-in airbag device 45 from the left side.

[0071] When the airbag device 45 is activated, the airbag is discharged forward from the left end of the left bulging portion 425 and inflates to protect the seated occupant. At that time, the airbag is discharged forward by breaking through the sewing line which is the front edge of the skin material 10A for vehicle interiors covering the region R1 and which forms the boundary with other skin materials for vehicle interiors. As shown in the various samples (4) to (15) described above, the skin material 10A for vehicle interiors has excellent shear properties and high extensibility. Therefore, the skin material 10A for vehicle interiors can exhibit high durability against an airbag that inflates inside the skin 44 and is ejected to the outside. Moreover, since the skin material 10A faces the left side of the airbag device 45 and covers the entirety, it can resist the inflated airbag and properly guide the airbag forward while preventing it from jumping out to the left.

[0072] The airbag device 45 may be disposed on the right side of the right back side frame 423. In that case, the vehicle interior skin material 10A may be disposed so as to cover the surface of the cushion pad 421 that encases the airbag device 45 and the right back side frame 423, at a position facing the right side of the housing of the built-in airbag device 45 from the right side.

[0073] Further, the vehicle seat 40 may be used in a relaxed state, for example, with the seat back 42 tilted backward and the front end of the seat cushion 41 flipped up diagonally forward and upward. When use in such a position is anticipated, an airbag device may be built into the front end of the seat cushion 41, and the airbag may be discharged upward from the front end of the seat back 42 to protect the seated occupant in a relaxed state. In the case of such a configuration, the vehicle interior covering material 10A may be applied to the region R2 of the front end surface of the seat cushion 41. In this case, the vehicle interior skin material 10A is disposed to face the front side of the airbag device, and therefore can prevent the airbag discharged from the front end of the seat cushion 41 from jumping out forward and can properly guide the airbag upward.

[0074] Further, the vehicle seat 40 may be provided with an occupant support device that incorporates an inflatable and deflatable bag on the front side of the seat back 42 and inflates the bag to support the back of the seated occupant. In such a configuration, the vehicle interior covering material 10A may be applied to an area R3 on the front part of the seat back 42 where an occupant support device is disposed. In this case, the skin material 10A for vehicle interior is disposed facing the front side of the occupant support device, so that even if the bag body of the occupant support device expands and creates irregularities, the skin material 10A for vehicle interior can maintain a state of covering the front part of the seat back 42 in response to the deforming irregularities while suppressing the occurrence of wrinkles due to its shear properties and high extensibility.

[0075] [Technical Effects of the Invention Embodiments] With regard to the shear properties of the laminate, the skin material for vehicle interiors 10 and the skin material for vehicle interiors 10A described above, by setting the shear angle and load within the aforementioned preferred numerical ranges, it becomes possible to suppress the occurrence of wrinkles and to cover the surface of a three-dimensional object with excellent appearance. In particular, when the vehicle interior covering material 10A is applied to the vehicle seat 40, it becomes possible to cover curved surfaces such as the side surfaces of the bulging portion 425 while suppressing wrinkles. Furthermore, as long as the shear angle and load are within appropriate numerical ranges, the vehicle interior skin material 10 and the vehicle interior skin material 10A can cover the surface of the object with reduced wrinkles without having to set the strength of the skin material low, so that the strength can be maintained high. In particular, since the skin material 10 and the vehicle interior skin material 10A are made of a laminate in which the backing fabric 1 is bonded to the substrate, the backing fabric 1 can also maintain the strength of the vehicle interior skin material 10 and the vehicle interior skin material 10A at a high level.

[0076] In addition, since the backing fabric 1 of the vehicle interior skin material 10 and the vehicle interior skin material 10A is made of textured yarn, it is easy to impart stretchability to the vehicle interior skin material 10 and the vehicle interior skin material 10A, and it is possible to reduce the occurrence of wrinkles caused by the backing fabric 1.

[0077] In addition, because the backing fabric 1 is a warp-knitted fabric made of warp yarns, the stitches are firm and the strength is maintained while the stretchability in a predetermined direction is ensured, making it possible to improve the folding processability. Therefore, the vehicle interior skin material 10 and the vehicle interior skin material 10A have good conformability to the curved surface of the vehicle seat 40, and can cover the vehicle seat 40 while suppressing the occurrence of wrinkles.

[0078] In addition, in the vehicle interior skin material 10 and the vehicle interior skin material 10A, all of the warp yarns of the back base fabric 1 have a fineness of 100 denier, which makes it possible to provide suitable bending processability while ensuring high strength.

[0079] The vehicle seat 40 is covered at a position facing the built-in airbag device 45 with a vehicle interior covering material 10A. As a result, the surface of the vehicle seat 40 is covered while suppressing the occurrence of wrinkles, making it possible to maintain a high level of design quality in the exterior. Furthermore, the shear properties and elasticity of the skin material 10A for vehicle interiors ensure that the material exerts an appropriate strength even when the airbag device 45 is activated, so that the skin material 10A for vehicle interiors is not destroyed and the attitude of the airbag device 45 can be maintained to guide the airbag in the appropriate direction, allowing the airbag to function normally and effectively.

[0080] Furthermore, in the vehicle seat 40, the vehicle interior skin material 10A covers the left side surface of the cushion pad 421 which is located opposite the airbag device 45. Therefore, the vehicle interior skin material effectively withstands the pressure of the airbag applied through the cushion pad 421 when the airbag device 45 is activated and can guide the airbag in the appropriate direction, allowing it to function normally and effectively.

[0081] Furthermore, since the region R3 covering the occupant support device of the vehicle seat 40 can be covered with the vehicle interior skin material 10A, the vehicle interior skin material 10A can follow the unevenness that expands and contracts in the region R3 caused by the occupant support device, and can cover the region R3 while suppressing the occurrence of wrinkles.

[0082] Furthermore, since the vehicle seat 40 contains the vehicle interior skin material 10A in part of the skin 44 formed by the multiple sewing lines covering the bulge 425, the shear properties of the vehicle interior skin material 10A make it possible to suppress the occurrence of wrinkles in the entire skin 44 and to cover the bulge 425 while maintaining its conformability to the surface of the bulge. Furthermore, since the use of the vehicle interior skin material 10A is limited to only part of the skin 44, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the skin 44.

[0083] [others] Above, each embodiment of the present invention has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. For example, in the embodiments, a component integrally formed from a single member may be replaced with a component divided into a plurality of members and connected or fixed to each other. Also, a component formed by connecting a plurality of members may be replaced with a component integrally formed from a single member. In addition, the details shown in the embodiments can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0084] Furthermore, as long as the shear properties of the vehicle interior skin material 10 satisfy the above-mentioned conditions, the base material may be made of a material other than the foam layer 2 and the PVC top layer 3. As long as the shear properties of the vehicle interior skin material 10 satisfy the above-mentioned conditions, other materials may also be used for the backing fabric 1. Also, so long as the shear properties of the vehicle interior skin material 10 satisfy the above-mentioned conditions, the backing fabric 1 may be a weft-knitted fabric using weft yarns or a fabric using weft yarns and warp yarns. Furthermore, the warp threads of the backing fabric 1 are not limited to polyester, but may be made of other resins, for example, nylon. In addition, the warp threads of the backing fabric 1 are exemplified as having a fineness of 100 denier, but are not limited thereto. The warp threads preferably have a fineness of 100 denier, but as long as the fineness is within the range of 75 denier to 100 denier, suitable shear properties of the vehicle interior skin material 10 can be ensured. In the above embodiment, the vehicle interior covering material 10A is used to cover the vehicle seat 40, but the present invention is not limited to this and can be suitably used to cover parts other than the seats inside the vehicle. In addition, although the above embodiment illustrates the case where the vehicle interior skin material 10A is used in a specific portion of the vehicle seat 40, the vehicle interior skin material 10A may be used to cover other portions, or the entire vehicle seat 40 may be covered with the vehicle interior skin material 10A. [Explanation of symbols]

[0085] 1,1X backing fabric 2. Foam layer (base material) 3 Top layer (base material) 10. Vehicle interior skin materials 10A Vehicle interior skin materials (vehicle interior skin materials) 40 Vehicle seats (vehicle seats) 41 Seat Cushion 42 Seat back 43 Headrest 44 Epidermis 45 Airbag device (passenger protection device) 421 Cushion Pad 422,423 Backside frame 425,426 bulge C core F shear load H1,H2 chuck R1~R3 ​​placement area ε m Tensile Strain φ Shear angle

Claims

1. A laminate in which a backing fabric is bonded to a substrate, Regarding the shear properties of the laminate, Shear angle: 6.4 degrees or more and 8.0 degrees or less Load 17.5 [gf / cm] or less The present invention relates to a vehicle interior skin material that satisfies all of the above conditions.

2. 2. The vehicle interior skin material according to claim 1, wherein the backing fabric is made of textured yarn.

3. 2. The vehicle interior skin material according to claim 1, wherein the backing fabric is a warp knitted fabric made of warp yarns.

4. 4. The vehicle interior skin material according to claim 3, wherein the warp yarns have a total fineness of 75 denier or more and 100 denier or less.

5. The vehicle interior skin material according to claim 1, A vehicle seat characterized in that at least a position facing a built-in passenger protection device is covered.

6. The vehicle interior skin material comprises:

6. The vehicle seat according to claim 5, wherein a part or all of a cushion pad located opposite the passenger protection device is covered.

7. The vehicle interior skin material comprises:

6. The vehicle seat of claim 5, further comprising a covering for a mounted occupant support device.

8. 6. The vehicle seat according to claim 5, wherein the bulging portion is covered with a skin formed by a plurality of sewing lines, and at least a part of the skin is made of the vehicle interior skin material.

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