Induced molting feed

Abstract

To provide an induced molting feed that induces molting while suppressing deterioration of eggshell quality during induced molting.SOLUTION: The induced molting feed contains 6-13 mass% calcium and / or zeolite.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a feed for use in induced molting of egg-laying hens and a method for rearing egg-laying hens. [Background technology]

[0002] As laying hens age, their egg-laying performance and eggshell quality also decline, so eggs in the later stages of laying have low commercial value. For this reason, induced molting (forced molting) is carried out on laying hens aged 400 to 500 days, where egg-laying is artificially stopped and molting is induced. Molting chickens can improve egg-laying rates and eggshell quality, and extend the productive lifespan of chickens. For this reason, induced molting is one of the main management techniques for laying hens. However, induced molting can cause deaths of chickens, deterioration of fecal properties, and an increase in Salmonella infections due to stress, and many other problems from the perspective of animal welfare.

[0003] In response to these problems, for example, induced molting methods that do not involve fasting (deprivation of food) using low-protein, low-energy feed, low-sodium feed, etc. have been proposed. For example, as a compound feed for feeding to laying hens during the molting induction period that can reduce the stress experienced by laying hens and reduce various adverse effects caused by molting induction, a compound feed for inducing molting in laying hens (Patent Document 1) has been proposed that uses rice bran as the main ingredient, has a bulk specific gravity of 0.40 to 0.56 kg / L, has a particle size distribution adjusted to 40% or more of the particles being 1 mm or more, has a calcium content of 3.5% or more, and has a metabolic energy of 1900 kcal / kg or more and less than 2100 kcal / kg, or 2100 kcal / kg or more and 2400 kcal / kg or less. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2006-304699 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, the reality is that the eggshell quality of eggs produced during the induced molting period using conventional induced molting feed remains unsatisfactory. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an induced molting feed that can induce molting while suppressing deterioration of eggshell quality during the induced molting period. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] As a result of intensive research into solving this problem, the present inventors discovered that feeding chickens a feed containing a predetermined amount of calcium and / or zeolite has excellent molting induction performance while suppressing deterioration of the eggshell quality of eggs laid during the induced molting period, and also improves the properties of feces during the induced molting period, and have thus completed the present invention.

[0007] That is, the present invention solves the above problems by providing an induced molting feed containing 6 to 13 mass % calcium and / or zeolite. The present invention also solves the above problems by providing a method for raising egg-laying hens, which comprises feeding the above-described induced molting feed to the egg-laying hens to induce molting. Effect of the Invention

[0008] The induced molting feed of the present invention has excellent molting induction performance while suppressing deterioration of eggshell quality of eggs laid during the induced molting period. In addition, the feces properties during the induced molting period can be improved. Therefore, the breeding method of the present invention enables efficient breeding of egg-laying hens. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] In one embodiment, the calcium content of the induced molting feed of the present invention is 6 to 13% by mass. The calcium content in the induced molting feed is 6% by mass or more, preferably 7% by mass or more, from the viewpoint of improving eggshell quality during the induced molting period, reducing fecal moisture, and improving fecal properties, and is preferably 12% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or less, from the viewpoint of suppressing excessive intake and taking into consideration the blending balance with other feed ingredients. The calcium content in the induced molting feed is preferably 6 to 12% by mass, more preferably 6 to 10% by mass, and particularly preferably 7 to 10% by mass. Here, the calcium content in the present invention includes calcium derived from other raw materials in addition to the blended calcium. In this specification, the calcium content can be determined by atomic absorption spectrometry or the ammonium oxalate method. The calcium source is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include inorganic salts such as calcium chloride, calcium iodide, calcium oxide, calcium sulfate, calcium nitrate, calcium carbonate, calcium silicate, and calcium phosphate, and organic salts such as calcium acetate, calcium citrate, calcium gluconate, and calcium lactate. These may be either anhydrous or hydrated. Among these, calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate are preferred from the viewpoints of solubility and particle shape.

[0010] In one embodiment, the induced molting feed of the present invention contains zeolite. Zeolite is a crystalline hydrous aluminosilicate, SiO 4 Tetrahedron or AlO 4 Zeolite is a mineral in which tetrahedrons are bonded in a three-dimensional network. The diameter of the pores in zeolite is usually 0.2 to 1.0 nm. Many natural and synthetic zeolites are known, and any of them can be used in the present invention. Among them, modonite is preferred from the viewpoint of reducing the moisture content of feces during the induced molting period and improving the feces properties. The zeolite may be in the form of powder, granules, pellets, or the like.

[0011] The content of zeolite in the induced molting feed is preferably 1 to 30% by mass, more preferably 1 to 25% by mass, and particularly preferably 4 to 20% by mass, from the viewpoints of improving eggshell quality during the induced molting period, reducing fecal moisture and improving fecal properties, and shrinking reproductive organs.

[0012] The induced molting feed of the present invention is preferably an induced molting feed containing 6 to 13 mass% calcium and zeolite. By feeding a feed containing a predetermined amount of calcium and zeolite, deterioration of the eggshell quality of eggs laid during the induced molting period can be suppressed, and in addition, the feces properties during the induced molting period can be improved, and the variation in weight loss during the induced molting period can be reduced. In this embodiment of the invention, the contents of each component are all the same as those described above. In the present invention, the mass ratio of the zeolite content to the calcium content [zeolite / calcium] is preferably 0.4 or more and 4 or less, more preferably 0.5 or more and 3.5 or less, from the viewpoints of reducing the variation in weight loss during induced molting and improving the properties of feces.

[0013] In order to reduce fecal moisture, the induced molting feed of the present invention preferably has a low content of edible soybeans. Specifically, the content of edible soybeans in the induced molting feed is preferably 20% by mass or less. Examples of the soybeans include rice bran, defatted rice bran, wheat bran, barley bran, corn gluten feed, beer lees, soy sauce lees, soybean hulls, and shochu lees.

[0014] The metabolizable energy (ME) in the induced molting feed of the present invention can be appropriately selected, but from the viewpoint of preventing reproductive organ atrophy, it is preferably 1000 kcal / kg or more and 1850 kcal / kg or less. Metabolizable energy (ME) can be calculated by subtracting the total energy in the excreta from the total energy in the diet.

[0015] In addition to the above-mentioned ingredients, the induced molting feed of the present invention may contain, as feed raw materials, for example, husks such as corn, milo, wheat, barley, oats, rye, brown rice, buckwheat, foxtail millet, millet, and barnyard millet; vegetable oil meals such as soybean oil meal, nakame oil meal, linseed oil meal, cottonseed oil meal, peanut oil meal, soybean whey, wheat gluten, safflower oil meal, coconut oil meal, palm kernel oil meal, sesame oil meal, sunflower oil meal, mustard oil meal, and castor oil meal; animal feeds such as fish meal, dried whey, skim milk powder, whole milk powder, concentrated whey protein, fish solubles, meat meal, meat and bone meal, blood meal, bone meal, and feather meal; and alfalfa. The feed may contain, as appropriate, plant stems and leaves such as meal, fake akashiya powder, and alder leaf meal; corn processing industrial by-products such as corn gluten meal and corn steep liquor; vegetable oils such as corn endosperm oil, ester oil, soybean oil, and palm kernel oil; fats and oils such as animal fats and oils such as lard and beef tallow; starch and starch processed products; vitamins such as vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K; minerals such as iron, copper, manganese, zinc, iodine, cobalt, magnesium, and sulfur; and amino acids such as methionine, lysine, glycine, glutamic acid, tryptophan, and arginine. The content of these feed ingredients may be appropriately set within a range that does not impair the object of the present invention.

[0016] The induced molting feed of the present invention can be produced by a known method, and any suitable method can be used. The order of mixing the components is not particularly limited. The form of the induced molting feed may be mash, pellets, crumbles, flakes, etc. Mash and crumbles are preferred, and crumbles are more preferred.

[0017] The induced molting feed of the present invention is fed to laying hens during induced molting. Usually, a fixed amount is fed to laying hens of 60 weeks of age or older. With the induced molting feed of the present invention, the target weight loss rate is reached in about 2 weeks from the start of feeding the normal feed. In addition, there is little variation in weight loss. The weight loss rate at the end of induced molting is preferably 20% of the weight at the start of induced molting. The method of feeding the induced molting feed is not particularly limited, but includes ad libitum feeding or restricted feeding, and is preferably ad libitum feeding. In the case of restricted feeding, there are fixed amount feeding method, alternate day feeding method (skip feed), gradual decrease / gradual increase method (step-down / step-up), etc.

[0018] The daily feeding amount of the induced molting feed can be appropriately adjusted, but is preferably 30 to 70 g / day. EXAMPLES

[0019] The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these in any way.

[0020] Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 (1) Preparation of diet for induced molting The feed ingredients were mixed according to the composition shown in Table 1 to obtain a crumble-like compound feed.

[0021] [Table 1]

[0022] (2) Test method The test chickens (chicken species: Julia, 71 to 74 weeks old) were divided into two sections with 24 chickens in each section, and after one week of preliminary rearing in a windowless chicken coop with 10 hours of light per day, they were reared for 14 days with ad libitum feeding using the feed shown in Table 1, and then induced molting was performed.

[0023] (3) Results Table 2 shows the results of the eggshell examination in the rearing test, and Table 3 shows the characteristics of the feces.

[0024] [Table 2]

[0025] [Table 3]

[0026] Examples 2 to 6 and Comparative Example 2 (1) Preparation of diet for induced molting The feed ingredients were mixed according to the composition shown in Table 4, and crumble-like compound feeds were obtained in Examples 2 to 4 and Comparative Example 1, while mash-like compound feeds were obtained in Examples 5 and 6.

[0027] [Table 4]

[0028] (2) Test method The test chickens (chicken species: Julia, 67-77 weeks old; Boris Brown, 84-94 weeks old) were divided into 6 plots with 32 chickens in each plot. After preliminary rearing for one week in a windowless chicken coop with 10 hours of light per day, the chickens were reared for 14 days with ad libitum feeding using the feed shown in Table 4, and then induced molting was performed.

[0029] (3) Results Table 5 shows the results of the eggshell examination in the rearing test, Table 6 shows the feces characteristics, and Table 7 shows the body weights.

[0030] [Table 5]

[0031] [Table 6]

[0032] [Table 7]

[0033] Examples 7 to 12 and Comparative Example 3 (1) Preparation of diet for induced molting The feed ingredients were mixed according to the composition shown in Table 8 to obtain a mashed mixed feed.

[0034] [Table 8]

[0035] (2) Test method The test chickens (chicken species: Julia, 82 to 85 weeks old) were divided into 7 sections with 16 chickens in each section, and after one week of preliminary rearing in a windowless chicken coop with 16 hours of light per day, they were reared for 14 days with ad libitum feeding using the feed shown in Table 8, and then induced molting was performed.

[0036] (3) Results Table 9 shows the results of eggshell inspection in the feeding test, Table 10 shows the feces characteristics, and Table 11 shows the ovary and oviduct weights.

[0037] [Table 9]

[0038] [Table 10]

[0039] [Table 11]

[0040] As shown above, it was confirmed that feeding the induced molting feed of the present invention reduces the deterioration of eggshell quality produced during the induced molting period and maintains good quality (Tables 2, 5, and 9). In Examples 1 to 12, the fecal moisture content was lower than in Comparative Examples 1 to 3, and improvement in fecal properties was confirmed (Tables 3, 6, and 10). In Examples 2 to 6, which contained high concentrations of calcium and zeolite, the variation in weight loss was small (Table 7), and in Examples 10 to 12, which contained zeolite, the weights of the ovaries and oviducts decreased, and atrophy of the reproductive organs was observed in particular. As for zeolite, a similar excellent atrophy of the reproductive organs effect was confirmed in the induced molting feed containing 30% by mass of zeolite. Furthermore, no kidney deterioration was observed in the examples.

Claims

1. An induction molting feed containing 6 to 13 mass % calcium and / or zeolite.

2. The feed for inducing molting according to claim 1, wherein the zeolite content is 1 to 30% by mass.

3. The feed for inducing molting according to claim 1, wherein the content of fermentation products is 20% by mass or less.

4. The molting induction feed according to claim 1, which is in the form of a crumble or mash.

5. A method for raising egg-laying hens, comprising feeding the egg-laying hens the induced molting feed according to any one of claims 1 to 4 to induce molting.

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