Tunnel disaster prevention system and disaster prevention receiving board

Abstract

To provide a tunnel disaster prevention system that can efficiently and appropriately detect deterioration by determining a reliability of a fire detector, and thus, can suppress a false fire alarm.SOLUTION: A tunnel disaster prevention system comprises: a fire detector 12 that determines a fire based on a determination result of a fire determination which is performed when a flame receiving optical signal obtained from a flame-specific featured wavelength band contained in the received light is equal to or greater than a predetermined value; and a disaster prevention receiving board 10 to which the fire detector 12 is connected, wherein: if the fire determination does not determine that there is a fire, then the fire detector 12 does not determine that there is the fire, but determines that there is a failure sign of the fire detector 12, and counts the number of times that the failure sign has been determined to be a failure sign; and the disaster prevention receiving board 10 acquires the failure sign information including the occurrence frequency of the failure sign counted by the fire detector 12 from the fire detector 12, and determines a reliability of the fire detector 12 based on the occurrence frequency of the failure sign contained in the acquired failure sign information.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a tunnel disaster prevention system that monitors fires in a monitored area using a fire detector connected to a signal line drawn from a disaster prevention receiving panel, and a disaster prevention receiving panel provided in the tunnel disaster prevention system. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, fire detectors are installed in tunnels on expressways and other roads to monitor for fires in order to protect people and vehicles from fires that may occur within the tunnel. These detectors are connected to signal lines drawn from a disaster prevention receiving panel to monitor for fires.

[0003] The fire detectors have detection areas on both the left and right sides and are arranged consecutively along the length of the tunnel, for example at intervals of 25 m or 50 m, so that the detection areas of adjacent fire detectors overlap in a mutually complementary manner.

[0004] In addition, the fire detector monitors radiation, such as infrared rays, from fire flames occurring inside the tunnel through a translucent window, and in order to maintain its flame monitoring function, sensitivity tests are conducted to check the sensitivity of the light-receiving element and dirt tests are conducted to monitor dirt on the translucent window.

[0005] However, with such conventional fire detectors, if the detector has been in operation for a long time and has deteriorated, even if it appears to be operating normally without any sensor failures being detected in sensitivity tests or abnormal dirt in dirt tests, there is a possibility that the fire detector will output a fire detection signal and a non-fire alarm will be issued from the disaster prevention receiving panel.In such a case, until it is confirmed that this is not a fire alarm, a no-entry alarm will be issued using an alarm display board or the like to prohibit vehicles from passing through the tunnel, and a management officer will have to go to the site to check, which will take time and effort to reopen traffic through the tunnel, and will have a significant impact, such as causing traffic congestion.

[0006] For this reason, a tunnel disaster prevention system has been proposed in which the disaster prevention receiving panel determines the degree of deterioration of the fire detector based on environmental stresses such as temperature, humidity, shock vibration, and electrical noise, and issues an alert.By being able to grasp the progress of deterioration of the fire detector, it is possible to take action such as replacing the fire detector with a spare fire detector before a false fire alarm is issued.

[0007] In addition, in conventional tunnel disaster prevention systems, when the disaster prevention receiving panel receives a fire signal from a fire detector, the fire detector is temporarily restored after a specified time in order to prevent false fire alerts. If a fire signal is received again within the specified time, it is determined to be a fire and a no-entry warning is issued using an alarm display board or the like. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] JP 2002-246962 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2016-128796 A [Patent Document 3] JP 2018-169893 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] Incidentally, some conventional tunnel disaster prevention systems judge the degree of deterioration based on abnormalities in fire detector tests, but in this case, for example, in situations where disturbance sources are present at certain locations all the time or for a certain period of time, such as permanent lighting installations, vehicle traffic, temporary construction lighting installations and welding lights due to construction work at certain nearby locations, dust generation, and worker traffic, the disturbance sources may act during the test and cause abnormalities in the test (for example, disturbance light acts on the test light and proper test results cannot be obtained), and in such cases, the fire detector may be judged as deteriorated even when it is not. For this reason, it is necessary to judge the degree of deterioration of the fire detector taking into account seasonal, local, and overall environmental factors.

[0010] The present invention aims to provide a tunnel disaster prevention system and a disaster prevention receiving panel equipped with the tunnel disaster prevention system that can efficiently and appropriately detect deterioration by determining the reliability of a fire detector, thereby suppressing false fire alarms. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] (Tunnel disaster prevention system 1) The present invention is a tunnel disaster prevention system, a fire detector that judges whether a fire has occurred based on a result of a fire judgment that is performed when a flame reception signal obtained from light of a characteristic wavelength band specific to a flame (for example, infrared rays of a 4.5 μm band specific to a flame) contained in the received light is equal to or greater than a predetermined value; A disaster prevention receiving panel connected to a fire detector; Equipped with When the fire detector does not determine a fire in the fire judgment, the fire detector does not determine a fire but determines that a malfunction symptom has occurred in the fire detector and counts the number of occurrences of the malfunction symptom, The disaster prevention receiving panel is characterized by acquiring failure indication information from the fire detector, including the number of occurrences of failure indications counted by the fire detector, and judging the reliability of the fire detector based on the number of occurrences of failure indications included in the acquired failure indication information.

[0012] (Multiple fire detection conditions) The fire detection by the fire detector has multiple fire detection conditions, The fire detector does not determine a fire when at least some of the plurality of fire determination conditions are not satisfied.

[0013] (Fire detection based on flame and non-flame signals) Fire judgment by a fire detector includes fire judgment using fire judgment conditions based on a flame reception signal and a non-flame reception signal obtained from light in a wavelength band different from the characteristic wavelength band contained in the received light (for example, infrared rays in the 2.3 or 5.0 μm band).

[0014] (Fire detection based on the frequency of the flame reception signal) The fire determination by the fire detector includes a fire determination using a fire determination condition based on the frequency of the flame light receiving signal.

[0015] (Tunnel Disaster Prevention System 2) In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tunnel disaster prevention system, comprising: a fire detector that uses a light reception value of a light reception signal obtained from light received by a sensor unit to determine an abnormality in the fire detector that affects the light reception value; A disaster prevention receiving panel connected to a fire detector; Equipped with The fire detector is If a predetermined value (e.g., detection sensitivity coefficient or light attenuation rate) calculated using the received light value satisfies a predetermined abnormality judgment condition, it is judged that there is an abnormality in the fire detector that affects the received light value (e.g., sensitivity abnormality or contamination abnormality), If a predetermined value obtained using the received light value satisfies a predetermined abnormality sign judgment condition that is stricter than the predetermined abnormality judgment condition, it is judged to be an abnormality sign of the fire detector that affects the received light value (for example, a sign of abnormal sensitivity or a sign of contamination), When it is judged that there is a fire detector abnormality sign, the fire detector abnormality sign is regarded as a fire detector failure sign, and the number of times that the fire detector is judged to be an abnormality sign is counted as the number of occurrences of a failure sign, The disaster prevention receiving panel is characterized by acquiring failure indication information from the fire detector, including the number of occurrences of failure indications counted by the fire detector, and judging the reliability of the fire detector based on the number of occurrences of failure indications included in the acquired failure indication information.

[0016] (failure signal) If the fire detector determines that there is an abnormality in the fire detector, it sends an abnormality signal (for example, a sensitivity abnormality signal or a contamination signal) to the disaster prevention receiving panel.

[0017] (Fault prediction signal) When the number of occurrences of a malfunction symptom satisfies a predetermined condition and the fire detector determines that a malfunction symptom has occurred, the fire detector transmits a malfunction symptom signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel.

[0018] (Resetting the counted number of occurrences of the failure symptoms) The count of the number of occurrences of a failure sign caused by a fire detector is reset when a predetermined period of time has elapsed since the counting of the number of occurrences of a failure sign.

[0019] (Disaster prevention receiving panel) In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a disaster prevention receiving panel for a tunnel, comprising: A fire detector is connected to the device, which counts the number of occurrences of a malfunction symptom used to determine the malfunction symptom of the device itself when a predetermined condition is satisfied, A feature of this system is that failure indication information including the number of occurrences of failure indications counted by the fire detector is acquired from the fire detector, and the reliability of the fire detector is judged based on the number of occurrences of failure indications included in the acquired failure indication information. Effect of the Invention

[0020] (Basic effect) In this invention, in a disaster prevention system in which a monitored area is divided into a number of sections and a predetermined number of fire detectors are provided in each section, the reliability of each section is judged based on a comparison of section reliability information regarding predetermined failure signs of the fire detectors provided in that section with comprehensive failure sign information regarding predetermined failure signs of the fire detectors provided in each section in a predetermined system that covers a number of sections including the section itself. Therefore, by comparing the section reliability information based on information regarding failure signs in the fire detectors with the comprehensive failure sign information, it is possible to identify sections in which fire detectors have deteriorated or become less reliable, and the operations manager can focus on inspecting fire detectors installed in sections determined to have reduced reliability and replace the fire detectors with new ones if necessary, thereby making it possible to take appropriate measures against fire detectors in sections that have deteriorated or become more likely to issue fire signals that are not fire alarms.

[0021] In addition, for sections determined to have reduced reliability, environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, dust, electrical noise, and external light that can cause deterioration of fire detectors can be examined, and measures can be taken to suppress or remove environmental factors that cause a decrease in reliability due to deterioration, etc.

[0022] (Effect of judging the reliability of fire detectors) In addition, the reliability of a fire detector is judged based on a comparison of its own failure precursor information regarding specified failure precursors with the section reliability information of the section to which it belongs. Therefore, by identifying a fire detector that has been judged to have a reduced reliability among multiple fire detectors installed in a section that has been judged to have a reduced reliability, it is possible to carry out focused inspection of that fire detector and, if necessary, replace the fire detector with a new one, and further, to investigate the environmental factors at the installation location and suppress or eliminate any environmental factors that may cause a reduced reliability.

[0023] (Effect of measures taken when the deterioration of fire detector reliability is not judged in the section where reliability is reduced) In addition, if a decrease in reliability is not determined for a fire detector installed in a section where a decrease in reliability has been determined, it is determined that there is a factor that impairs reliability in the section where a decrease in reliability has been determined.Therefore, if a decrease in reliability is determined for a section but a decrease in reliability is not determined for a specific fire detector installed in that section, it is assumed that the number of occurrences of failures and deterioration of fire detectors installed in that section is higher overall, and this is because the number of occurrences of signs of failure due to environmental factors in that section is higher than in other sections.Therefore, by investigating environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, dust, electrical noise, and external light that cause the deterioration of fire detectors and notifying measures to be taken to suppress or remove the environmental factors that cause a decrease in reliability due to deterioration, etc., it is possible to remove or suppress the environmental factors that are impairing reliability and reduce the number of occurrences of failures and deterioration.

[0024] (Effect of Countermeasure 1 when it is determined that the reliability of a fire detector has decreased) In addition, if a decline in reliability is determined for a fire detector installed in a section determined to have reduced reliability, it is determined that there is a factor impairing reliability in the surrounding environment of the fire detector determined to have reduced reliability.Therefore, by identifying one or more fire detectors determined to have reduced reliability among multiple fire detectors installed in a section determined to have reduced reliability, the operations manager can focus on inspecting the fire detectors determined to have reduced reliability and, if necessary, replace the fire detectors with new ones, thereby preventing further decline in reliability or restoring reliability. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0025] [Figure 1] An explanatory diagram showing the overview of the tunnel disaster prevention system [Diagram 2] Diagram showing fire detector sections and detection areas [Diagram 3] An explanatory diagram showing the appearance of a fire detector [Figure 4] Block diagram showing the outline of the functional configuration of a fire detector [Diagram 5] Flowchart showing the control operation of the fire detector [Figure 6] A diagram showing the peak level of the received light signal and the number of occurrences of failure signs when the internal test light source is activated during a fire detector sensitivity test. [Figure 7] Flowchart showing sensitivity testing of fire detectors with failure prediction judgment [Figure 8] Block diagram showing the outline of the functional configuration of the disaster prevention receiving panel [Figure 9] Flowchart showing reliability judgment control by disaster prevention receiving panel DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0026] [Tunnel disaster prevention system] [Basic Concept of the Embodiment] 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of a tunnel disaster prevention system. The basic concept of the tunnel disaster prevention system according to this embodiment is that a fire detector 12 is connected to signal lines 14a and 14b wired for each signal system from a disaster prevention receiving panel 10 in a tunnel, the fire detector 12 holds failure sign information indicating the occurrence number of a predetermined failure sign due to deterioration, etc., the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 acquires failure sign information from the fire detector 12 at a timing of a predetermined reliability judgment control, extracts and collects the occurrence number of the failure sign, generates section reliability information including an average occurrence number of failure signs in a section obtained by averaging the occurrence number of a predetermined failure sign of the fire detector installed in each section when the tunnel is divided into a plurality of sections, and generates comprehensive failure sign information including an overall average occurrence number of failure signs for the entire tunnel obtained by averaging the average occurrence number of failure signs in each section in the plurality of sections, and judges a specific section that satisfies a predetermined condition when comparing the average occurrence number of failure signs in a section and the overall average occurrence number of failure signs to be a reliability-decreased section and notifies it.

[0027] Therefore, if the average number of occurrences of failure signs for fire detectors 12 installed in a section is higher than a specified value compared to the overall average number of occurrences of failure signs for fire detectors 12 throughout the tunnel, that section will be judged to have a reduced reliability and an alert will be issued. This will allow the section within the tunnel where deterioration, etc., has caused the fire detectors 12 to become less reliable to be identified. This will allow the operations manager to focus on inspecting the fire detectors 12 installed in the section judged to have a reduced reliability, and if necessary, replace the fire detectors 12 with new ones, etc., thereby taking appropriate measures against the fire detectors 12 in sections where deterioration, etc. has progressed and there is a high possibility that they will output erroneous fire signals (fire signals for non-fires), thereby making it possible to prevent situations such as halting passage through the tunnel due to fire treatment that involves a no-entry warning for the tunnel due to a non-fire alarm.

[0028] In addition, for fire detectors 12 in sections determined to have reduced reliability, environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, dust, electrical noise, and external light disturbances that may cause deterioration of the fire detectors 12 may be investigated, and fire detectors that are expected to fail due to deterioration or the like may be repaired or replaced, or environmental factors in the section that may cause reduced reliability may be suppressed or removed. Specifically, for example, measures may be taken such as removing or relocating external light sources, adjusting the ventilation flow to control temperature and humidity, and restricting the passage of workers involved in construction work or inspection of surrounding facilities.

[0029] The disaster prevention receiving panel 10 further judges a fire detector 12 whose number of occurrences of failure symptoms relative to the average number of occurrences of failure symptoms in the section is equal to or exceeds a specified value as a detector with reduced reliability and issues an alert.By identifying the fire detector 12 judged to have reduced reliability among multiple fire detectors 12 installed in a section judged to have reduced reliability, it is possible to take measures such as focusing on inspection of that fire detector 12 and repairing or replacing the fire detector if necessary, and further investigating environmental factors in the installation location to suppress or eliminate environmental factors that may cause reduced reliability.

[0030] In this embodiment, a failure sign refers to a state that predicts a failure that will occur in the future, and can also be called a sign of failure, a precursor to failure, a sign of failure, or the like.

[0031] In addition, while in the example of Figure 1, there is a one-to-one correspondence between signal systems and tunnels, for example, multiple signal systems can be provided in one tunnel, or multiple tunnels can be treated as one signal system, and the relationship between signal systems and tunnels is arbitrary.

[0032] [Outline of tunnel disaster prevention system] As shown in Fig. 1, an up-line tunnel 1a and an out-line tunnel 1b are constructed as tunnels for expressways. Inside the up-line tunnel 1a and the out-line tunnel 1b, fire detectors 12 are installed at intervals of, for example, 25 meters or 50 meters along the walls in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The present invention can also be applied to disaster prevention systems in tunnels other than those for expressways.

[0033] In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2(A), for example, the up-track tunnel 1a is divided into a number of sections A1 to An, and in this example, each section includes three fire detectors 12. The sections A1 to An may be divided arbitrarily, as long as they include at least one fire detector 12, and the lengths of the sections A1 to An may be the same or different, or may be arbitrary. The same applies to the number of fire detectors 12 installed in each section.

[0034] The fire detector 12 is equipped with two sets of fire detection parts, a right eye and a left eye, and has detection areas 15 in both the upward and downward directions of the tunnel length, as shown in Figure 2. Adjacent fire detectors 12 and their detection areas 15 are continuously arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel so that, for example, the right eye 13R and the left eye 13L overlap in a mutually complementary manner, and monitor and detect fires by observing infrared rays from flames caused by a fire within the detection area 15.

[0035] In addition, emergency facilities such as manual reporting devices and emergency telephones for reporting fires, fire hydrant devices for extinguishing fires and preventing the spread of fires, and water spray equipment that sprays fire water from water spray heads to protect the tunnel structure and ducts from fires are also installed in the up-bound tunnel 1a and the down-bound tunnel 1b, but these are not shown in the figure.

[0036] A power signal line and signal lines 14a, 14b are drawn from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to the up line tunnel 1a and the down line tunnel 1b, and multiple fire detectors 12 are connected to each of them, and each fire detector 12 is assigned a unique address. In the following explanation, the signal lines 14a, 14b may be referred to as signal line 14 when there is no need to distinguish between them.

[0037] In addition, the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 is provided with a fire pump equipment 16, duct cooling pump equipment 18, IG substation equipment 20, ventilation equipment 22, alarm display board equipment 24, radio rebroadcast equipment 26, television monitoring equipment 28 and lighting equipment 30, etc., and the fire detector 12 and the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 communicate via a signal line 14 using the so-called R-type transmission method.

[0038] Here, the IG slave station equipment 20 is a communication equipment that connects the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 and a remote monitoring and control equipment 32, which is a higher-level equipment provided externally, via a network.

[0039] The ventilation equipment 22 is equipment that generates ventilation airflow in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel by operating jet fans installed on the ceiling side inside the tunnel.

[0040] The warning display board equipment 24 is equipment that displays information such as no-entry warnings due to fires on an electric display board to inform users. The radio rebroadcast equipment 26 is equipment that enables drivers and others inside the tunnel to receive information from the road administrator. The television monitoring equipment 28 is equipment for checking the scale and location of a fire, activating the water spray equipment, and grasping the situation inside the tunnel when providing evacuation guidance. The lighting equipment 30 is equipment that drives and manages the lighting equipment inside the tunnel.

[0041] [Fire detector] (Appearance of a fire detector) FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the external appearance of the fire detector, and FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an outline of the functional configuration of the fire detector.

[0042] 3, the fire detector 12 has two pairs of light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L separated into left and right in a sensor storage section 53 provided in the upper part of a housing 51, and a sensor section is built in corresponding to each of the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L. In addition, two pairs of light-transmitting windows 52R, 52L for test light sources that store external test light sources used for soiling tests of the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L are provided near the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L at positions where the sensor sections can be seen through.

[0043] In the following description, the light-transmitting window 50R may be referred to as the right-eye light-transmitting window 50R, and the light-transmitting window 50L may be referred to as the left-eye light-transmitting window 50L.

[0044] (Outline of fire detector configuration) 4, the fire detector 12 is provided with a detector control unit 54, a transmission unit 56, a power supply unit 58, two sets of left and right fire detection units 60R, 60L, a test light emission drive unit 76, internal test light sources 78R, 80R, 82R and internal test light sources 78L, 80L, 82L used in sensitivity tests, and external test light sources 84R, 84L used in dirt tests. In the following description, the fire detection unit 60R may be referred to as the right eye fire detection unit 60R, and the fire detection unit 60L may be referred to as the left eye fire detection unit 60L.

[0045] The detector control unit 54 has a function realized by, for example, executing a program, and as hardware, a computer circuit equipped with a CPU, memory, various input / output ports, etc. is used.

[0046] The transmission unit 56 is connected to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 shown in FIG. 1 by the transmission line S and the transmission common line SC of the signal line 14, and various signals are transmitted and received by R-type transmission.

[0047] The power supply unit 58 receives power from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 shown in Figure 1 via the power line B and power common line BC included in the signal line 14, and a predetermined power supply voltage is supplied to, for example, the detector control unit 54, the transmission unit 56, the two sets of fire detection units 60R, 60L (left and right), and the test light emission driving unit 76.

[0048] The test light emission driver 76 is connected to internal test light sources 78R, 80R, 82R, 78L, 80L, and 82L used for sensitivity tests, and also to external test light sources 84R and 84L used for dirt tests, each of which is provided with a krypton lamp as a light emitting element.

[0049] (Fire detection section) The fire detection units 60R and 60L include sensor units 64, 68, and 72 and amplification processing units 66, 70, and 74. Taking the right fire detection unit 60R as an example, a right light-transmitting window 50R provided in the sensor storage unit 53 is disposed in front of the sensor units 64, 68, and 72, and infrared energy from an external detection area is incident on the sensor units 64, 68, and 72 through the right light-transmitting window 50R.

[0050] The right eye fire detection unit 60R monitors fires, for example, by a three-wavelength flame detection. The sensor unit 64 selectively transmits (passes) infrared rays in the 4.5 μm band, which is a resonance radiation band of CO2 specific to flames, from the infrared energy incident through the right eye transparent window 50R using an optical wavelength bandpass filter, receives the infrared rays using a light receiving sensor, converts them photoelectrically, and then performs predetermined processing such as amplification using an amplification processing unit 66 to output the result as a flame light receiving signal E1R corresponding to the amount of received light energy to the detector control unit 54.

[0051] The sensor unit 68 selectively transmits (passes) infrared energy in the first non-flame wavelength band, for example the 5.0 μm band, from the infrared energy incident through the right eye transparent window 50R using an optical wavelength bandpass filter, receives the infrared energy using a light receiving sensor and performs photoelectric conversion, and then performs predetermined processing such as amplification using the amplification processing unit 70 to output the first non-flame light receiving signal E2R corresponding to the amount of received light energy to the detector control unit 54.

[0052] The sensor unit 72 selectively transmits (passes) infrared energy in the second non-flame wavelength band, for example, 2.3 μm, from the infrared energy incident through the right eye transparent window 50R using an optical wavelength bandpass filter, receives the infrared energy using a light receiving sensor and performs photoelectric conversion, and then performs predetermined processing such as amplification using the amplification processing unit 74 to output the second non-flame light receiving signal E3R corresponding to the amount of received light energy to the detector control unit 54.

[0053] The amplification processing units 66, 70, 74 are provided with a preamplifier, a frequency filter that selectively passes a predetermined frequency band including the flame flicker frequency, a main amplifier, and the like.

[0054] (Fire judgment) The detector control unit 54 is provided with the function of a fire determination unit 86, which is realized by executing a program. The fire determination unit 86 determines a fire in a plurality of fire determination stages based on the flame reception signal E1R, the first non-flame reception signal E2R, and the second non-flame reception signal E3R. The fire determination unit 86 performs fire determination in the following three stages, for example.

[0055] When the flame reception signal E1R is equal to or exceeds a predetermined threshold, the fire judgment unit 86 calculates the relative ratio (E1R / E2R) to the first non-flame reception signal E2R, and when the relative ratio (E1R / E2R) exceeds a predetermined threshold, it judges that the first-stage fire judgment condition is met, judging that there is a fire (fire candidate), and performs the next second-stage fire judgment.

[0056] The second stage fire judgment by the fire judgment unit 86 calculates the relative ratio (E1R / E3R) of the flame reception signal E1R to the second non-flame reception signal E3R, and if the relative ratio (E1R / E3R) exceeds a predetermined threshold, it judges that a fire has occurred as the second stage fire judgment conditions are met.

[0057] Next, the fire judgment unit 86 performs the third stage of fire judgment. The third stage fire judgment condition by the fire judgment unit 86 is to perform a fast Fourier transform (FFT) on the flame light receiving signal E1R, analyze the result, calculate the relative ratio of the relative intensity of the low frequency component of 4 Hz or less to the relative intensity of the high frequency component of more than 4 Hz and 8 Hz or less, for example, and if this relativization is equal to or exceeds a predetermined threshold value, it is judged that a fire exists as the third stage fire judgment condition is satisfied, and thus it is judged that a fire exists in all of the first to third fire judgment stages, and it is judged that a fire exists overall.

[0058] Furthermore, when the first to third stage fire judgment conditions are satisfied a predetermined number of times in succession, it is determined that a fire has occurred as a predetermined fire judgment accumulation condition is satisfied, and a fire signal is transmitted to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10. The same is done in the left eye fire detection unit 60L.

[0059] The fire judgment by the fire judgment unit 86 based on a plurality of fire judgment stages is not limited to the above fire judgment, and one or more fire judgment stages may be added, or, for example, any of the above three stages may be omitted to make it two stages, or, for example, it may be four stages including the accumulation judgment stage.

[0060] (Determining signs of failure) The fire judgment unit 86 judges that a malfunction symptom has occurred if a fire is not judged to be a fire in the middle of the three fire judgment stages described above and does not reach the stage of judging that a fire has occurred, and performs control to count the number of times N that a malfunction symptom has occurred using a counter.

[0061] Furthermore, when the number of occurrences N of the failure sign satisfies a predetermined failure sign judgment accumulation condition, for example, when the number of occurrences N of the failure sign reaches a predetermined threshold value Nth, the fire judgment unit 86 judges (confirms) it as a failure sign, transmits a failure sign signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, and then performs a predetermined failure sign processing. The fire judgment unit 86 may further perform a predetermined failure sign processing when the number of confirmed failure signs reaches a predetermined number.

[0062] The predetermined failure indication processing by the fire judgment unit 86 is, for example, processing to stop the transmission of a fire signal, processing to increase the threshold for the number of accumulated fire judgments to make the fire judgment accumulation condition stricter, etc. The failure indication processing to stop the transmission of a fire signal is to stop the transmission of a fire signal and prevent the generation of a non-fire alarm, since even if a fire is judged after judging a failure indication, it is highly likely that the fire judgment is an erroneous fire judgment due to a failure. Note that it is also possible not to perform the processing to stop the transmission of a fire signal.

[0063] Furthermore, when the fire judgment unit 86 receives an internal status request command signal from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, it performs control to generate and transmit failure sign information indicating the number of occurrences N of failure signs obtained at that time, and the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 is used to evaluate the reliability of the fire detector 12 based on the number of occurrences N of failure signs extracted from the acquired failure sign information, and to determine whether the fire detector 12 is reliable or has deteriorated reliability. Note that the deterioration of reliability may be divided into multiple stages depending on the degree of deterioration, so that, for example, a deteriorated reliability state and an unreliable state can be distinguished.

[0064] The number of occurrences N of the failure signs counted by the counter is reset at every predetermined period or when a predetermined period has elapsed since the failure signs were counted. However, the number of occurrences N of the failure signs before the reset may be stored as failure sign information.

[0065] (Sensitivity test) The detector control unit 54 is provided with the function of a sensitivity test unit 88 as a function realized by executing a program. The sensitivity test unit 88 operates when it receives a test command signal specifying its own address from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 via the transmission unit 56, and commands the test light emission driving unit 76 to drive the internal test light sources 78R, 80R, 82R, 78L, 80L, and 82L to emit light in sequence to perform a sensitivity test of the fire detection units 60R and 60L. Note that the internal test light sources 78R, 80R, and 82R and the internal test light sources 78L, 80L, and 82L may each be shared by one light source.

[0066] For example, taking the circuit system of the sensor unit 64 and amplification processing unit 66 in the right eye fire detection unit 60R as an example, the test light emission driving unit 76 drives the internal test light source 78R to emit light, thereby causing simulated flame light (infrared light simulating a flame) equivalent to a fire flame to be incident on the sensor unit 64.

[0067] For the circuit blocks of the sensor unit 64 and the amplification processing unit 66, a reference light reception value from an initial sensitivity test at the time of shipment from the factory is stored in memory, and the detected light reception value obtained in a sensitivity test at system startup approximately matches the reference light reception value, and the detection sensitivity coefficient obtained by dividing the detected light reception value by the reference light reception value is 1. As the operation period passes, the detected light reception value gradually decreases, and the detection sensitivity coefficient decreases to 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, and so on.

[0068] In this way, when the detection sensitivity coefficient falls below 1, the sensitivity testing unit 88 calculates a correction coefficient which is the reciprocal of the detection sensitivity coefficient and stores it in memory. Then, the sensitivity is corrected by multiplying the received light value detected during subsequent operation by the correction coefficient. The fire detection unit 86 then detects a fire based on the sensitivity-corrected received light value.

[0069] In addition, the sensitivity test unit 88 is preset with a sensitivity correction limit threshold value corresponding to the correction coefficient that is the limit of sensitivity correction, for example a sensitivity correction limit threshold value of 0.5, and if the sensitivity coefficient obtained in the sensitivity test is equal to or lower than the sensitivity correction limit threshold value, it determines that there is an abnormality in the sensitivity of the sensor unit 64, and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set information indicating an abnormality in the sensitivity in a response signal to a call signal that matches its own address, and controls the transmission unit 56 to transmit a sensitivity abnormality signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10.

[0070] In addition, the sensitivity test unit 88 is preset with a sensitivity abnormality precursor threshold of, for example, 0.6, corresponding to the sensitivity coefficient that indicates a sensitivity abnormality precursor before the sensitivity correction limit is reached. If the detection sensitivity coefficient obtained in the sensitivity test is equal to or falls below the sensitivity abnormality precursor threshold, it is determined that this is a precursor to a sensitivity abnormality state in which sensitivity correction will likely become impossible in the near future, and controls the transmission unit 56 to transmit a sensitivity abnormality precursor signal, indicating a sensitivity abnormality precursor, to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to alert the user.

[0071] In addition, if the sensitivity testing unit 88 detects a sign of sensitivity abnormality, this may be regarded as one of the signs of failure, and the number of occurrences N of the signs of failure may be increased by performing a counting operation using a counter in the fire judgment unit 86.

[0072] In addition, if the detection sensitivity increases to 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, etc. over the course of the operation period, it is corrected in the same way, and when it reaches its limit, it is deemed to be abnormal.

[0073] Sensitivity tests are also performed on the circuit systems of the sensor unit 68 and the amplification processing unit 70, and the sensor unit 72 and the amplification processing unit 74. Similarly, a sensitivity test is performed on the left fire detection unit 60L by driving the internal test light sources 78L, 80L, and 82L to emit light using the test light emission driving unit 76.

[0074] (Stain test) The detector control unit 54 is provided with the function of a dirt test unit 90 as a function realized by executing a program. The dirt test unit 90 operates when it receives a test instruction signal specifying its own address from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 via the transmission unit 56, similar to the sensitivity test, and instructs the test light emission driving unit 76 to sequentially drive the external test light sources 84R, 84L to emit light to test the dirt on the light-transmitting windows 50R, 50L.

[0075] For example, in the case of a stain test on the light-transmitting window 50R, the test light emission driving unit 76 drives the external test light source 84R to emit light, thereby causing simulated flame light equivalent to a fire flame to be incident on the sensor unit 64 via the test light-transmitting window 52R for test light source and the light-transmitting window 50R. The test light-transmitting window 52R for test light source and the light-transmitting window 50R are free of stains when shipped from the factory, and the light reception value obtained in the stain test at that time is stored in memory as a reference light reception value and is used to calculate the light attenuation rate.

[0076] The detected light reception value obtained in the dirt test at system startup roughly matches the reference light reception value, and the light attenuation rate obtained by subtracting the detected light reception value from the reference light reception value and dividing the value by the reference light reception value is 0. As the operation period passes, dirt adheres to the light-transmitting window 50R, and the light attenuation rate gradually increases to 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and so on.

[0077] When the light attenuation rate increases in this manner, the dirt test unit 90 determines the light attenuation rate through a dirt test and also determines a correction value which is the reciprocal of (1 - light attenuation rate) and stores this in memory. The light reception value detected in the subsequent operating state (the light reception value corrected by the correction value of the sensitivity test) is then divided by the correction value to perform a dirt correction, and the fire judgment unit 86 judges a fire based on the dirt-corrected light reception value.

[0078] The dirt testing unit 90 also has a preset dirt threshold, e.g., a dirt threshold of 0.5, which is the light attenuation rate corresponding to the limit of dirt correction. If the light attenuation rate found in the sensitivity test is equal to or exceeds the dirt threshold, it determines that a dirt abnormality has occurred in which dirt correction of the translucent window 50R is impossible, and instructs the transmission unit 56 to set dirt abnormality information in the response signal to a call signal that matches its own address, and controls the transmission of a dirt signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to alert the user.

[0079] The dirt test unit 90 is also preset with a dirt precursor threshold, e.g., a dirt precursor threshold of 0.6, which is the light attenuation rate corresponding to the precursor stage where dirt correction reaches its limit. If the light attenuation rate found in the dirt test is equal to or exceeds the dirt precursor threshold, it is determined to be in a dirt precursor state in which it is highly likely that dirt correction of the translucent window 50R will become impossible in the near future, and instructs the transmission unit 56 to transmit a dirt precursor signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to alert the user.

[0080] In addition, if the dirt testing unit 90 detects a sign of dirt, this may be regarded as a sign of failure, and the number of occurrences N of the sign of failure may be increased by performing a counting operation using a counter in the fire detection unit 86.

[0081] (Fire detector control operation) FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the control operation of the fire detector, which is the control operation by the fire determination unit 86 shown in FIG.

[0082] As shown in FIG. 5, taking the fire detection unit 60R of FIG. 4 as an example, the fire judgment unit 86 takes in the flame reception signal E1R, the first non-flame reception signal E2R and the second non-flame reception signal E3R output from the amplification processing units 66, 70, 74 by AD conversion in step S1, and if the flame reception signal E1R is equal to or greater than a predetermined value in step S2, proceeds to step S3 and calculates the ratio (E1R / E2R) of the flame reception signal E1R to the first non-flame reception signal E2R, and if it is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, proceeds to step S4 as the first stage of fire judgment conditions are met, and in step S4, calculates the ratio (E1R / E3R) of the flame reception signal E1R to the second non-flame reception signal E3R, and if it is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, proceeds to step S5 as the second stage of fire judgment conditions are met.

[0083] Next, the fire judgment unit 86 performs a fast Fourier transform (FFT calculation) of the flame reception signal E1R in step S5, and if in step S6 the relative intensity ratio of the components on the low frequency side of, for example, 4 Hz or less and the high frequency side of, for example, more than 4 Hz and less than 8 Hz is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, it proceeds to step S7, determining that the third stage fire judgment condition is satisfied, and judges whether the first stage to third stage fire judgment conditions in steps S1 to S6 have been satisfied consecutively for a predetermined accumulated number threshold value.

[0084] Next, if the fire judgment unit 86 satisfies the accumulation count threshold as a predetermined fire judgment accumulation condition in step S7, the process proceeds to step S8, where it judges that a fire has occurred, and transmits a fire signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to cause the fire to be dealt with. Next, if it determines in step S9 that a fire restoration signal (restoration instruction signal) has been received from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, the fire detection is restored to the initial state in step S10, and the process returns to step S1.

[0085] On the other hand, if the first-stage fire judgment conditions are not satisfied in step S3, the fire judgment unit 86 judges that a fault sign has occurred, proceeds to step S11, and increments the counter N that counts the number of times the fault sign has occurred by +1. If the number of times N that the fault sign has occurred is less than a predetermined threshold number Nth in step S12, the process from step S1 is repeated.

[0086] In addition, when the fire judgment unit 86 determines that the first-stage fire judgment conditions in step S3 are satisfied but the second-stage fire judgment conditions in step S4 are not satisfied, the process proceeds to step S11 to increment the counter N that counts the number of times a failure sign has occurred by +1, and if the number of times N that a failure sign has occurred is less than a predetermined threshold number Nth in step S12, the process repeats from step S1.

[0087] Furthermore, when the fire judgment conditions for the first stage of step S3 and the second stage of step S4 are satisfied but the fire judgment conditions for the third stage of step S6 are not satisfied, the fire judgment unit 86 proceeds to step S11 and increments the counter N that counts the number of times a failure sign has occurred by +1, and if the number of times N that a failure sign has occurred is less than a predetermined threshold number Nth in step S12, the process from step S1 is repeated.

[0088] By repeatedly counting the number of times a failure sign has occurred in this manner, the fire judgment unit 86 judges (confirms) it to be a failure sign when the failure sign judgment accumulation condition is met in step S12, where the number of times a failure sign has occurred N is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold number Nth, and proceeds to step S13 to transmit a failure sign signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to be notified, and then performs a predetermined failure sign processing in step S14.

[0089] In step S13, a determination of whether the failure sign determination accumulation condition in step S12 is satisfied may be added to the failure sign determination accumulation condition in step S12, that is, whether the number of times the failure sign has been determined in step S12 has reached a predetermined threshold number.

[0090] Furthermore, the failure prediction process tightens the fire determination accumulation condition by, for example, increasing the accumulation count threshold in step S7, and the fire detector 12 stops at least the latter of the monitoring operations in steps S1 to S7 and the transmission of the fire signal in step S8.

[0091] If the relative ratio is less than the predetermined value in step S3, the process may return to step S1, and if it is determined in step S7 that the fire judgment accumulation condition is not satisfied, the process may proceed to step S11.

[0092] In addition, when the fire judgment unit 86 receives an internal status request command from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 during control operation, it responds by transmitting information regarding (indicating) the number of occurrences N of failure symptoms counted by the counter at that time as failure symptom information, which the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 uses to judge the reliability of the fire detector 12.

[0093] (Determination of failure signs through sensitivity testing) FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the peak level of the received light signal and the number of occurrences of failure signs when an internal test light source is driven in a sensitivity test of a fire detector.

[0094] The sensitivity test unit 88 provided in the detector control unit 54 of the fire detector 12 shown in FIG. 4 operates when it receives a test instruction signal transmitted periodically (e.g., once a day) from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, and instructs the test light emission drive unit 76 to perform light emission drive to blink the internal test light sources 78R, 80R, 82R, 78L, 80L, and 82L in sequence at, for example, 2 Hz for a predetermined period of time (e.g., 1 second), and causes a sensitivity test to be performed by irradiating the fire detection units 60R and 60L with flame-simulated light (test light) equivalent to a fire flame.

[0095] The sensitivity test by the sensitivity test section 88 is the same as that already explained with reference to Fig. 4. In addition, the sensitivity test section 88 of this embodiment detects the peak level of each received light signal for the flame light receiving signal E1R, the first non-flame light receiving signal E2R, and the second non-flame light receiving signal E3R output from the fire detection section 60R in association with the sensitivity test, and the flame light receiving signal E1L, the first non-flame light receiving signal E2L, and the second non-flame light receiving signal E3L output from the fire detection section 60L during the sensitivity test, and as shown by the black circle in Fig. 6(A), if the peak level detected once a day, for example, is out of a predetermined normal range 94 based on the initial value 92 of the peak level detected in a state without deterioration at the time of shipment from the factory, but is not below a predetermined failure threshold 96 or is not below the failure threshold 96 and does not satisfy the failure judgment condition, that is, if it is within a failure prediction range 98, it is judged to be a failure prediction, and performs control to count the number of occurrences N of the failure prediction by a counter, as shown in Fig. 6(B).

[0096] Here, a normal range 94 of the received light signal is a range between an upper limit value 94a and a lower limit value 94b with the initial value 92 at the center, and is, for example, ±10 percent of the initial value 92. Also, a failure threshold value 96 is, for example, a value of about 50 percent of the initial value 92.

[0097] The failure prediction range is, for example, a range from the upper limit 94a of the normal range 94 to the range obtained by adding 50 percent of the initial value 92 to the initial value 92, that is, (Upper limit 94a) or less {(Initial value 92) + (50 percent of initial value 92)} It is also possible to add a range to determine whether the detected condition is a sign of failure.

[0098] On the other hand, the fire judgment unit 86 compares the number of occurrences N of the failure sign counted by the counter of the sensitivity test unit 88 with a predetermined threshold number Nth set as a failure sign judgment accumulation condition, and when the number of occurrences N of the failure sign is equal to or exceeds the predetermined threshold Nth and satisfies the failure sign judgment accumulation condition, it judges (confirms) it as a failure sign, transmits a failure sign signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, and then performs a predetermined failure sign processing. The failure sign processing by the fire judgment unit 86 is, for example, processing to stop transmission of the fire signal.

[0099] In addition, when the fire judgment unit 86 receives an internal status request command signal from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, it controls the transmission of predictive failure information including information indicating the number of times N that a failure symptom has occurred at that time, extracts the number of times N that a failure symptom has occurred in the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, and is used to evaluate the reliability of the fire detector 12 that transmitted the fire signal based on this and determine whether it is reliable or has a reduced reliability.

[0100] The number of occurrences N of the failure signs counted by the counter is reset, for example, at predetermined intervals or when a predetermined period has elapsed since the failure signs were counted. The number of occurrences N of the failure signs before the reset may be stored as a failure sign information history.

[0101] (Fire detector sensitivity test operation) FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing a sensitivity test of a fire detector accompanied by a judgment of a failure sign, and is a control operation by the sensitivity test unit 88 and the fire judgment unit 86 of the fire detector 12 shown in FIG.

[0102] As shown in FIG. 7, taking the fire detection unit 60R in FIG. 4 as an example, the sensitivity test unit 88 determines in step S21 whether a test command signal (indicating its own address) is received, which is sent once a day from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 by assigning an address in sequence, and proceeds to step S22, where it instructs the test light emission driving unit 76 to flash the internal test light source 78R at 2 Hz for a predetermined period (e.g., 1 second) to emit a flame-simulating light (test light) equivalent to a fire flame into the sensor unit 64.

[0103] Next, the sensitivity test unit 88 proceeds to step S23, where it detects the peak level of the flame light reception signal (light reception signal) E1R due to the test light output from the amplification processing unit 66, and in step S24 determines whether it is within the normal range 94 shown in Figure 6 (A).If it is within the normal range 94, it proceeds to step S25, where it calculates a detection sensitivity coefficient by dividing, for example, the peak level of the light reception signal by the initial value (reference light reception value) 92 stored during the initial sensitivity test at the time of shipment from the factory, and in step S27 calculates and stores a correction coefficient for the light reception signal as the reciprocal of the detection sensitivity coefficient, and uses it to correct the light reception signal level.

[0104] Next, the sensitivity test unit 88 proceeds to step S27, and repeats the process from step S21 until the detection sensitivity coefficient calculated in step S25 reaches a predetermined sensitivity correction limit threshold (e.g., 0.5). Note that the correction limit in step S25 may be the peak level equal to or lower than the failure threshold, as in step S31.

[0105] If the sensitivity testing unit 88 determines in step S27 that the detection sensitivity coefficient has reached the sensitivity correction limit threshold, it repeats the processing from step S21 in step S28 until a predetermined sensitivity abnormality judgment accumulation condition, for example a predetermined accumulation count threshold, is reached, and when the sensitivity abnormality judgment accumulation condition of step S28 is satisfied, it transmits a sensitivity abnormality signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 in step S29.

[0106] Next, the fire judgment unit 86 performs a predetermined sensitivity abnormality process in step S30 in response to the determination of sensitivity abnormality in the sensitivity test unit 88. Since there is a high possibility that an erroneous fire judgment will be made due to a sensitivity abnormality (for example, a light receiving element failure or an electric circuit failure accompanied by a sensitivity abnormality) after a sensitivity abnormality is determined, this sensitivity abnormality process is a process in which, for example, an accumulation count threshold that sets a fire judgment accumulation condition in the fire judgment unit 86 is increased to substantially lower the fire sensitivity, or the transmission of a fire signal is stopped.

[0107] On the other hand, when the sensitivity test unit 88 determines in step S24 that the peak level of the light receiving signal E1R during the test is outside the normal range 94, the process proceeds to step S31, and if the peak level is equal to or lower than the failure threshold 96 or is not below the failure threshold, that is, if it is within the failure sign range 98 shown in Fig. 5(A), it determines that a failure sign has occurred and notifies this to the fire judgment unit 86. Note that the determination of the failure sign in step S31 is not limited to the peak level of the light receiving signal, and may be made based on, for example, an integral value or an average level.

[0108] Next, the fire judgment unit 86, having received notification of the failure sign judgment result from the sensitivity testing unit 88, increments the counter N that counts the number of times the failure sign has occurred in step S32 by +1 (increments), and if the number of times N that the failure sign has occurred in step S33 is less than or equal to the threshold number Nth set as a specified failure sign judgment accumulation condition, repeats the processing from step S21.

[0109] By repeatedly counting the number of times N that a failure sign has occurred in this manner, the fire judgment unit 86 judges (confirms) it as a failure sign in step S33 when the number of times N that a failure sign has occurred becomes equal to or exceeds a predetermined threshold number Nth and satisfies the failure sign judgment accumulation condition, proceeds to step S35, and transmits a failure sign signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to be notified, and then performs a predetermined failure sign processing in step S36.

[0110] This failure prediction process, for example, increases the accumulation count threshold set as the fire judgment accumulation condition by the fire judgment unit 86, thereby tightening the fire judgment accumulation condition and effectively lowering the fire sensitivity. Also, even if the fire judgment unit 86 subsequently judges a fire, it may be possible to perform a process of stopping the transmission of the fire signal and suppressing the generation of a non-fire alarm since there is a high possibility that the fire judgment was erroneous due to a malfunction.

[0111] In addition, when the fire judgment unit 86 receives an internal status request command from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, it responds by transmitting failure sign information including information indicating the number N of occurrences of failure signs counted by the counter at that time, and the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 extracts the number of occurrences of failure signs from the acquired failure sign information of the fire detector 12, evaluates the reliability, and determines whether the reliability is reliable or has decreased.

[0112] On the other hand, if the sensitivity testing unit 88 determines in step S31 that the peak level of the received light signal has dropped below the failure threshold 96, it proceeds to step S28, and repeats the processing from step S21 until a predetermined accumulation count threshold set as the sensitivity abnormality determination accumulation condition is reached.If the sensitivity abnormality determination accumulation condition of step S28 is satisfied, it transmits a sensitivity abnormality signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 in step S29, and then performs a predetermined sensitivity abnormality processing in step S30.

[0113] In addition, this embodiment takes as an example a case where the number of occurrences of a malfunction sign is obtained by a sensitivity test periodically performed on a fire detector, but is not limited to this, and includes tests performed at any time by a test instruction operation from the disaster prevention receiving panel 10, and also includes appropriate tests that drive an internal test light source other than the sensitivity test. The same can be performed for the left eye fire detection unit 60L. The same can also be performed for the first non-flame light receiving signals E2R, E2L and the second non-flame light receiving signals E3R, E3L during testing.

[0114] [Fire detection and sensitivity testing units determine signs of failure] As another embodiment of the fire detector 12 according to the present invention, the determination of failure signs by the fire determination unit 86 shown in the flowchart of Figure 5 and the determination of failure signs by the sensitivity test unit 88 shown in the flowchart of Figure 7 are combined, and the number of occurrences N of the failure signs determined by each is accumulated and counted. Failure sign information including information indicating the cumulative number of occurrences of failure signs is obtained by the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 from the fire detector 12 that transmitted a fire signal, and reliability is evaluated from the cumulative number of occurrences of the extracted failure signs to determine whether there is reliability or a decrease in reliability.

[0115] In addition, when the cumulative number of occurrences of a failure sign reaches or exceeds a predetermined threshold number Nth, satisfying the failure sign determination accumulation condition, the system determines that a failure sign has occurred and sends a failure sign signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 to notify the user, and then performs a predetermined failure sign processing.

[0116] [Disaster prevention receiving panel] (Outline of the disaster prevention receiving panel) Fig. 8 is a block diagram showing an outline of the functional configuration of the disaster prevention receiving panel. As shown in Fig. 8, the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 includes a fire monitoring control unit 42, which is a function realized by, for example, executing a program, and uses, as hardware, a computer circuit equipped with a CPU, memory, various input / output ports, etc.

[0117] Transmission units 35a, 35b are provided for the fire monitoring control unit 42, and multiple fire detectors 12 installed in the up-line tunnel 1a and the down-line tunnel 1b are connected to signal lines 14a, 14b drawn from the transmission units 35a, 35b, respectively.

[0118] The fire monitoring control unit 42 is further provided with an alarm unit 36 ​​equipped with a speaker, alarm indicator lights, etc., a display unit 37 equipped with an LCD display, a printer, etc., an operation unit 38 equipped with various switches, etc., and a modem 39 which connects the IG child station equipment 20, and further with an I / O unit 40 which is connected to the fire pump equipment 16, the cooling pump equipment 18, the ventilation equipment 22, the alarm display board equipment 24, the radio rebroadcasting equipment 26, the television monitoring equipment 28 and the lighting equipment 30 shown in Figure 1.

[0119] The fire monitoring control unit 42 instructs the transmission units 35a, 35b to repeatedly send call signals including polling commands that sequentially specify the addresses of the fire detectors 12 via the signal lines 14a, 14b, and when the fire detector 12 receives a call signal that matches its own address, it replies with a response signal such as a fire signal, a sensitivity abnormality prediction signal, a sensitivity abnormality signal, a contamination prediction signal, a contamination signal, etc.

[0120] In addition, when the fire monitoring and control unit 42 determines that there is a fire based on receiving a fire signal from the fire detector 12, it performs predetermined fire processing, including outputting a fire alarm by the alarm unit 36, linking control of other equipment via the I / O unit 40, for example displaying a no entry alarm by the alarm display board equipment 24, and transmitting a fire report signal to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32.

[0121] In addition, when the system is started up or at predetermined intervals during operation (for example, once a day, i.e., a 24-hour cycle), the fire monitoring control unit 42 transmits a test instruction signal sequentially specifying the addresses of the fire detectors 12, causes the fire detectors 12 to conduct sensitivity tests and contamination tests, and responds with the results of each test. For example, when a response signal indicating a sensor failure is received, the fire monitoring control unit 42 controls the alarm unit 36 ​​to sound a sensor failure alarm, the display unit 37 to display a signal, and the display unit 37 to print a signal specifying the address of the fire detector 12.

[0122] In addition, when the fire monitoring control unit 42 receives a response signal indicating a contamination abnormality obtained by a contamination test of the fire detector 12, it controls the alarm unit 36 ​​to issue an alarm, the display unit 37 to display a contamination alarm that identifies the address of the fire detector, and the display unit 37 to print the alarm.

[0123] In addition, when the fire monitoring control unit 42 receives a response signal indicating a sensor failure or a contamination abnormality obtained by the sensitivity test and the contamination test of the fire detector 12, it transmits a transfer signal from the modem 39 to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 via the IG slave station equipment 20 shown in Figure 1, and controls the issuance of a failure alarm or an abnormality alarm.

[0124] (Reliability judgment control) The control unit 34 in the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 is provided with the functions of a section reliability information generation unit 44, a total reliability information generation unit 46, a section reliability judgment unit 48 and a fire detector reliability judgment unit 50 in order to control the reliability judgment of the fire detectors 12 installed in the tunnel.

[0125] When the section reliability information generating unit 44 determines that a reliability judgment timing for a predetermined period, for example a reliability judgment timing once a week, has been reached, it transmits an internal state request command signal sequentially specifying the addresses of the fire detectors 12, collects failure indication information including information indicating the number N of occurrences of failure indications held at that time by the fire detector 12, and performs control to generate section reliability information for each section A1 to An shown in Figure 2 (A) that indicates the section average number of occurrences of failure indications, which is the average number of occurrences of failure indications of, for example, three fire detectors 12 provided in each of the sections A1 to An.

[0126] The comprehensive reliability information generating unit 46 performs control to generate comprehensive failure sign information indicating the comprehensive average occurrence number of failure signs for the entire tunnel (for example, in units of signal lines 14) obtained by averaging the section average occurrence numbers of failure signs for each section A1 to An acquired from the section reliability information for the sections A1 to An generated by the section reliability information generating unit 44. The comprehensive reliability information generating unit 46 may obtain the comprehensive average occurrence number by averaging the occurrence numbers of failure signs for all fire detectors 12 collected for a specific signal system.

[0127] In addition, the section reliability judgment unit 48 compares the section average number of occurrences of failure signs generated by the section reliability information generation unit 44 with the overall average number of occurrences of failure signs generated by the overall reliability information generation unit 46, and determines a specific section that satisfies a predetermined condition, for example a section having a section average number of occurrences of failure signs that is a predetermined value or more or more than a predetermined value higher than the overall average number of occurrences of failure signs, to be a section of reduced reliability, and performs control to notify the user of this fact.

[0128] Furthermore, the fire detector reliability judgment unit 50 targets fire detectors 12 in a section whose reliability has been judged to have decreased by the section reliability judgment unit 48, and judges those fire detectors 12 whose number of occurrences of failure signs is equal to or exceeds a predetermined value relative to the average number of occurrences of failure signs in the section to be detectors with decreased reliability, and performs control to notify this fact.

[0129] Here, if the fire detector reliability judgment unit 50 does not judge that the reliability of the fire detector 12 has decreased (if there is no fire detector 12 judged to have decreased reliability), the section reliability judgment unit 48 will notify, for example via the alarm unit 36, that there is a factor that impairs reliability in the section where a decrease in reliability has been judged, and will advise prescribed countermeasures.

[0130] For example, the section reliability judgment unit 48 issues an alert, for example via the alarm unit 36, to encourage checking of environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, dust, electrical noise, and external light as factors that impair the reliability of the section, and also, for example via the display unit 37, displays guidance indicating the need to investigate the cause by investigating the section environment and to inspect the fire detectors 12 installed in the section, such as by checking their appearance and testing their operation, as a countermeasure.

[0131] In addition, when the fire detector reliability determination unit 50 determines that the reliability of a specific fire detector 12 in the section determined to have decreased is decreased, it notifies, for example, via the alarm unit 36, that there may be a factor that inhibits the reliability in the surrounding environment of the fire detector 12, and prompts a predetermined measure including replacement of the fire detector. For example, the fire detector reliability determination unit 50 notifies, via the alarm unit 36, the possibility of the presence of environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, dust, electrical noise, and disturbance light as installation environmental factors that inhibit the reliability of the fire detector 12, and also performs, via the display unit 37, as measures against this, the investigation of the cause by investigating the section environment, the necessity of inspection such as visual check and operation test of the fire detector 12 installed in the section, and further displays a guidance that prompts replacement of the fire detector 12.

[0132] (Control operation for reliability judgment) Fig. 9 is a flow chart showing reliability judgment control by the disaster prevention receiving panel, and is a control operation by the control unit 34 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 having the functions of the section reliability information generating unit 44, the overall reliability information generating unit 46, the section reliability judging unit 48 and the fire detector reliability judging unit 50 shown in Fig. 8. For simplicity of explanation, it is assumed here that there is one signal system.

[0133] As shown in Fig. 9, when the control unit 34 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 determines in step S41 that the reliability information collection timing, for example, once a week, has arrived, the control unit 34 proceeds to step S42, transmits an internal state request command signal sequentially specifying the addresses of the fire detectors 12 of the signal system, acquires failure sign information including information indicating the occurrence number of failure signs held by the fire detectors 12 at that time, generates overall reliability information indicating the overall average occurrence number of failure signs by averaging the occurrence numbers of failure signs of all the fire detectors 12 in step S43, and then generates section reliability information by averaging the occurrence numbers of failure signs of the fire detectors 12 provided for each section to obtain the section average occurrence number of failure signs in step S44. Note that instead of steps S43 and S44, it is also possible to first obtain the section average occurrence number of failure signs in each section, and then average the section average occurrence number of failure signs in all sections to obtain the overall average occurrence number of failure signs.

[0134] Next, in step S45, the control unit 34 compares the overall average number of occurrences of failure signs with the sectional average number of occurrences of failure signs in each section, and if it determines that there is a section in which the sectional average number of occurrences of failure signs is greater than a predetermined value relative to the overall average number of occurrences of failure signs, it proceeds to step S46 and determines the section in which reliability is reduced.

[0135] Next, the control unit 34 compares the average number of occurrences of failure signs in the section determined to have reduced reliability with the number of occurrences of failure signs of each fire detector 12 installed in that section, and when it determines a fire detector 12 having a number of occurrences of failure signs that is greater than a predetermined value relative to the average number of occurrences of failure signs in the section, it proceeds to step S50, where it determines the fire detector 12 with reduced reliability, and in step S51 notifies the fire detector 12 determined to have reduced reliability, the section, and measures taken to address the reduced reliability, and in step S52 sets the fire detector 12 determined to have reduced reliability in correspondence with an address to the fire monitoring control unit 42, thereby enabling fire control in response to a fire signal from a fire detector 12 determined to have reduced reliability (fire processing in response to the reduced reliability of a fire detector).

[0136] On the other hand, if the control unit 34 does not identify a fire detector 12 having a number of occurrences of failure signs that is greater than or equal to a predetermined value relative to the average number of occurrences of failure signs in the section in step S47, the control unit 34 proceeds to step S48, where it notifies the section determined to have reduced reliability, and then in step S49 notifies the user of measures to be taken for the section determined to have reduced reliability.

[0137] In the reliability judgment control of FIG. 9, a decrease in reliability is judged, but the same applies when the reliability is judged to be good.

[0138] (Fire treatment according to reliability judgment) When the fire detector reliability judgment unit 50 provided in the control unit 34 of the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 in Figure 8 judges that the reliability of a specific fire detector 12 in a section judged to have a reduced reliability has decreased, the information of the fire detector 12 is set in the fire monitoring control unit 42, and when the fire monitoring control unit 42 receives a fire signal from the fire detector 12, it performs fire handling according to whether the fire detector is reliable or has a reduced reliability.

[0139] The fire monitoring control unit 42 evaluates the reliability of the fire detector 12 by, for example, judging it to be reliable if the number of occurrences N of failure signs of the fire detector 12 acquired and extracted as failure sign information is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold number Nref set as a reliability judgment accumulation condition, and judging it to be unreliable if the number of occurrences N is greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold number Nref or exceeds the threshold number Nref.

[0140] In the case where the fire detector 12 is to not send a fire signal when it determines that a failure sign has occurred, for example, the threshold number Nref for setting the reliability judgment accumulation condition can be set to a value lower than the threshold number Nth set as the failure sign judgment accumulation condition in the fire judgment unit 86 shown in Figure 4.

[0141] When the fire monitoring and control unit 42 determines that the fire detector 12 that sent the fire signal is reliable, it sends a fire recovery command signal to the fire detector 12 to restore it, and if it receives a fire signal again, it determines that there is a fire, and performs specified fire processing including outputting a fire alarm, controlling the linkage of other equipment including displaying at least a no-entry alarm by the alarm display board equipment 24, and sending a fire report signal to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32.

[0142] On the other hand, when the fire monitoring control unit 42 determines that the reliability of the fire detector 12 that transmitted the fire signal has decreased, it increases the accumulation count threshold that sets the first fire judgment accumulation condition (accumulation condition of step S7 in Figure 5) of the fire detector 12 by transmitting an accumulation condition change command signal (accumulation condition tightening command) to change it to a stricter second fire judgment accumulation condition (accumulation condition making it more difficult to reach a fire judgment), specifically, for example, by increasing the accumulation count threshold to essentially reduce sensitivity to fire, and then transmits a restoration command signal to restore it.

[0143] In this state, when the fire monitoring control unit 42 receives a second fire signal due to the satisfaction of the second fire judgment accumulation condition from the fire detector 12 that sent the first fire signal with the fire judgment accumulation condition changed, and / or receives a fire signal from an adjacent fire detector 12 that is overlappingly monitoring the same detection area as the fire detector 12 that sent the first fire signal, it determines that there is a fire, and performs predetermined fire processing including outputting a fire alarm, controlling the linkage of other equipment including displaying at least a no-entry alarm by the alarm display board equipment 24, and transmitting a fire report signal to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32.

[0144] In this way, when the fire monitoring control unit 42 judges that the reliability of the fire detector 12 that sent a fire signal has decreased, even if the fire detector 12 judges that there is a fire due to a symptom of a malfunction other than a fire and sends a fire signal, the fire judgment accumulation conditions of the fire detector are strictly changed, so that the possibility of the fire detector sending a fire signal again due to an unknown non-fire factor after recovery is low. Also, at this time, the reliability of the adjacent fire detector 12 has not decreased, and the possibility of sending a fire signal when there is no actual fire is extremely low. By judging that there is a fire when a fire signal is received from either or both of the fire detector 12 that sent the first fire signal and has recovered and the adjacent fire detector 12, it is possible to reliably prevent a fire being judged as a fire and fire treatment being carried out when there is no actual fire.

[0145] In addition, if the fire monitoring control unit 42 determines that the reliability of the fire detector 12 that transmitted the first fire signal has decreased and then a fire judgment is not made based on that fire detector 12 and / or an adjacent fire detector 12, the fire monitoring control unit 42 controls the transmission of a non-fire report signal to the remote monitoring and control equipment 32, indicating that a non-fire (incorrect) fire signal has been received from the fire detector 12, to alert the remote monitoring and control equipment 32.

[0146] This allows the management personnel at the remote monitoring and control equipment 32 to know when the reliability of the fire detector 12 has decreased, which could result in a false fire alarm, and this can be used to improve the efficiency of tunnel operation and management, such as by strengthening inspections of the fire detector 12.

[0147] In addition, if the fire monitoring control unit 42 determines that the reliability of the fire detector 12 that transmitted a fire signal has decreased, it may send an accumulation condition change command signal (accumulation condition relaxation command) to adjacent fire detectors 12 that are overlappingly monitoring the detection area of ​​the fire detector 12 in question, and by lowering the accumulation count threshold in step S7 of Figure 5, it may change to a third fire judgment accumulation condition that relaxes the first fire judgment accumulation condition (makes it easier to reach a fire judgment), thereby essentially increasing the sensitivity to fires.

[0148] Specifically, for example, by lowering the accumulation count threshold set as the first fire judgment accumulation condition of the adjacent fire detector 12 and changing it to the third fire judgment accumulation condition, in the event of an actual fire, a fire signal will be transmitted quickly from the adjacent fire detector 12, and / or the fire detector 12 that transmitted the first fire signal and was determined to have a reduced reliability will be able to quickly handle the fire by transmitting a fire signal again after recovery.

[0149] In addition, if the fire detector 12 can transmit a fire signal that distinguishes between the right eye and the left eye, for example, the fire detector (the left eye) that is overlappingly monitoring the detection area of ​​the right eye of this fire detector 12 with its left eye can be regarded as the adjacent fire detector 12. If the right eye cannot be distinguished from the left eye, either of the adjacent fire detectors 12 can be regarded as the adjacent fire detector 12.

[0150] [Modifications of the present invention] (Fire detector) Although a three-wavelength fire detector has been used as an example, other methods may be used as well. For example, it may be a two-wavelength flame detector that detects infrared energy in the 4.5 μm band, which is the resonant radiation band of CO2, and in a wavelength band on the shorter wavelength side, for example, around 5.0 μm, and determines the presence or absence of a flame based on the relative ratio of the received light signals in these two wavelength bands.

[0151] (Changes in accumulation conditions) In addition, in the above embodiment, the fire detection accumulation conditions of the fire detector 12 are changed, for example the accumulated count threshold is changed, in two cases: the fire detector 12 itself increases the accumulated count threshold to make the failure sign judgment conditions stricter (lower the fire sensitivity) as a failure sign processing (step S14 in Figure 5), and the disaster prevention receiving panel 10 increases the accumulated count threshold to make the fire detection accumulation conditions stricter (relaxed sensitivity) in response to an instruction when it judges that reliability has decreased (step S51 in Figure 8).If both are performed at the same time, the overall accumulation time is appropriately changed so as not to become longer than necessary and delay the detection of a fire.

[0152] (P-type tunnel disaster prevention system) The above embodiment has shown a so-called R-type tunnel disaster prevention system that monitors for fires by connecting a fire detector with an address set to a signal line pulled out from a disaster prevention receiving panel, but the present invention is not limited to this and also applies to a so-called P-type tunnel disaster prevention system in which a signal line is pulled out from the disaster prevention receiving panel on a fire detector basis and a fire detector is connected to each signal line.

[0153] In a typical P-type tunnel disaster prevention system, since it is not possible to communicate information such as the specific number of times a warning sign occurs between the disaster prevention receiving panel and the fire detector, a function for evaluating the reliability of the fire detector in the disaster prevention receiving panel shown in the above embodiment and determining whether it is reliable or has decreased reliability is provided on the fire detector side, and if the fire detector determines that its reliability has decreased, the reliability information is sent to the disaster prevention receiving panel to notify of the decreased reliability, for example, by disconnecting the signal line or by providing a dedicated line for the reliability decrease signal.

[0154] (others) Furthermore, the present invention includes appropriate modifications that do not impair the objects and advantages of the present invention, and is not limited to the numerical values ​​shown in the above embodiment. [Explanation of symbols]

[0155] 1a: Up line tunnel 1b: Down line tunnel 10: Disaster prevention receiving panel 12: Fire detector 14a, 14b: Signal line 16: Fire pump equipment 18: Cooling pump equipment 20:IG slave station equipment 22: Ventilation equipment 24: Alarm display board equipment 26: Radio rebroadcasting equipment 28: TV surveillance equipment 30: Lighting equipment 32: Remote monitoring and control equipment 34: Panel control unit 35a, 35b: Transmission section 42: Fire monitoring and control unit 44: Interval reliability information generation unit 46: Total reliability information generation unit 48: Section reliability information judgement unit 50: Fire detector reliability information judgment department 50R,50L: Translucent window 52R, 52L: Light-transmitting window for test light source 54: Detector control unit 56: Transmission section 58: Power supply section 60R, 60L: Fire detection unit 64, 68, 72: Sensor section 66, 70, 74: Amplification processing section 76: Test light emission driver 78R, 78L, 80R, 80L, 82R, 82L: Internal test light source 84R, 84L: External test light source 86:Fire Judgment Department 88: Sensitivity test section 90: Soil test section

Claims

1. a fire detector that judges whether a fire has occurred based on a result of a fire judgment that is performed when a flame reception signal obtained from light in a characteristic wavelength band specific to a flame contained in the received light is equal to or greater than a predetermined value; A disaster prevention receiving panel to which the fire detector is connected; Equipped with When the fire detector does not determine a fire in the fire determination, the fire detector does not determine a fire but determines that a malfunction sign of the fire detector has occurred, and counts the number of occurrences of the malfunction sign that has been determined to be the occurrence of the malfunction sign; The disaster prevention receiving panel acquires from the fire detector failure indication information including the number of occurrences of the failure indication counted by the fire detector, and judges the reliability of the fire detector based on the number of occurrences of the failure indication included in the acquired failure indication information. This tunnel disaster prevention system is characterized by the above.

2. The tunnel disaster prevention system according to claim 1, The fire determination by the fire detector has a plurality of fire determination conditions, A tunnel disaster prevention system characterized in that the fire detector does not determine a fire if at least some of a plurality of fire determination conditions are not satisfied.

3. The tunnel disaster prevention system according to claim 1 or 2, A tunnel disaster prevention system characterized in that the fire judgment by the fire detector includes a fire judgment using fire judgment conditions based on the flame reception signal and a non-flame reception signal obtained from light in a wavelength band different from the characteristic wavelength band contained in the received light.

4. A tunnel disaster prevention system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, A tunnel disaster prevention system characterized in that the fire judgment by the fire detector includes a fire judgment using a fire judgment condition based on the frequency of the flame reception signal.

5. a fire detector that uses a light reception value of a light reception signal obtained from light received by a sensor unit to determine an abnormality of the fire detector that affects the light reception value; A disaster prevention receiving panel to which the fire detector is connected; Equipped with The fire detector comprises: When a predetermined value obtained using the received light value satisfies a predetermined abnormality determination condition, it is determined that an abnormality exists in the fire detector that affects the received light value; When a predetermined value obtained using the received light value satisfies a predetermined abnormality sign judgment condition stricter than the predetermined abnormality judgment condition, the value is judged to be an abnormality sign of the fire detector that affects the received light value, When it is determined that the fire detector is experiencing an abnormality sign, the abnormality sign of the fire detector is regarded as a malfunction sign of the fire detector, and the number of times that the fire detector is determined to be experiencing an abnormality sign is counted as the number of occurrences of a malfunction sign; The disaster prevention receiving panel acquires from the fire detector failure indication information including the number of occurrences of the failure indication counted by the fire detector, and judges the reliability of the fire detector based on the number of occurrences of the failure indication included in the acquired failure indication information. This tunnel disaster prevention system is characterized by the above.

6. The tunnel disaster prevention system according to claim 5, A tunnel disaster prevention system characterized in that the fire detector transmits an abnormality signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel when it determines that the fire detector is abnormal.

7. A tunnel disaster prevention system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, A tunnel disaster prevention system characterized in that the fire detector transmits a failure indication signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel when the number of occurrences of the failure indication satisfies a predetermined condition and determines that the failure indication is present.

8. A tunnel disaster prevention system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, A tunnel disaster prevention system characterized in that the count of the number of times the fire detector has detected a failure sign is reset when a predetermined period of time has elapsed since the count of the number of times the fire detector detected a failure sign.

9. A fire detector is connected to the device, which counts the number of occurrences of a malfunction symptom used to determine the malfunction symptom of the device itself when a certain condition is satisfied, A disaster prevention receiving panel for a tunnel, characterized in that failure sign information including the number of occurrences of the failure signs counted by the fire detector is acquired from the fire detector, and the reliability of the fire detector is determined based on the number of occurrences of the failure signs included in the acquired failure sign information.

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