Solar cell module

Abstract

To provide a solar cell module with high moisture resistance.SOLUTION: A solar cell module 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plate-shaped surface protection member 10, a perovskite solar cell submodule 20 arranged on the back side of the surface protection member 10, a plate-shaped insulating member 30 arranged to cover the back side of the perovskite solar cell submodule 20, a first sealing material 40 filled between the surface protection member 10 and the insulating member 30, a silicon solar cell 50 arranged on the back side of the insulating member 30, a plate-shaped or sheet-shaped back surface protection member 60 arranged to cover the back side of the silicon solar cell 50, and a second sealing material 70 filled between the insulating member 30 and the back surface protection member 60. The insulating member 30 is curved such that an edge thereof approaches the surface protection member 10.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a solar cell module. [Background technology]

[0002] Tandem solar cell modules are known in which two types of solar cells (including submodules) that absorb different wavelengths are arranged in an overlapping manner in order to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell module. A typical example is a solar cell module that uses a perovskite solar cell submodule as the solar cell on the front side and a silicon solar cell as the solar cell on the back side. A configuration in which an insulating sheet is sandwiched between the front and back solar cells to prevent short circuits between the front and back solar cells is also known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2016-122755 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] When a perovskite solar cell submodule is used as the solar cell on the front side, the perovskite compound may deteriorate due to moisture (humidity), resulting in a decrease in photoelectric conversion efficiency. In a solar cell module, a sealant is filled around the solar cell, but it is difficult to achieve complete water-proofing with the sealant normally used. By sandwiching a water-proof insulating sheet between the solar cells on the front and back, the amount of moisture that reaches the perovskite solar cell submodule on the front side can be reduced, but further improvement in moisture resistance is required.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell module having high moisture resistance. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] A solar cell module according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises a plate-shaped surface protective member, a perovskite solar cell submodule arranged on the back side of the surface protective member, a plate-shaped insulating member arranged to cover the back side of the perovskite solar cell submodule, a first sealing material filled between the surface protective member and the insulating member, a silicon solar cell arranged on the back side of the insulating member, a plate-shaped or sheet-shaped back surface protective member arranged to cover the back side of the silicon solar cell, and a second sealing material filled between the insulating member and the back surface protective member, wherein the insulating member is curved so that its edge approaches the surface protective member.

[0007] In the solar cell module described above, the insulating member may include a glass layer and a resin layer.

[0008] In the solar cell module described above, the resin layer may include an adhesive layer and a cover film.

[0009] In the solar cell module described above, the insulating member may further include an aluminum layer in an area where no silicon solar cell is present as viewed from a projection direction.

[0010] In the above-mentioned solar cell module, the glass layer may have a thickness of 0.5 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less.

[0011] In the solar cell module described above, the perovskite solar cell submodule may be formed by being directly laminated on the surface protection member. Effect of the Invention

[0012] According to the present invention, [Brief description of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1]1 is a schematic plan view showing a configuration of a solar cell module according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] 2 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module of FIG. 1 taken along line XX. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0014] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view showing the configuration of a solar cell module 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module 1 of Fig. 1 taken along line XX.

[0015] The solar cell module 1 includes a front surface protection member 10, a perovskite solar cell submodule 20, an insulating member 30, a first sealing material 40, a silicon solar cell 50, a back surface protection member 60, and a second sealing material 70.

[0016] The surface protection member 10 is a plate-shaped structural member that mainly determines the overall shape of the solar cell module 1. The surface protection member 10 covers the front side of the perovskite solar cell submodule 20 to protect the perovskite solar cell submodule 20 and the silicon solar cell 50. The surface protection member 10 is preferably excellent in light transmission, scratch resistance, and weather resistance. Examples of the material of the surface protection member 10 include transparent resins such as acrylic resins and polycarbonates, and glass. In addition, the surface of the surface protection member 10 may be processed into an uneven shape or coated with an anti-reflection coating layer in order to suppress light reflection. In addition, in this embodiment, the surface protection member 10 also serves as a base material that supports the perovskite solar cell submodule 20, and the perovskite solar cell submodule 20 is directly laminated on the back surface of the surface protection member 10.

[0017] The perovskite solar cell submodule 20 is disposed on the back side of the surface protection member 10. The perovskite solar cell submodule 20 is a photoelectric conversion device that has a photoelectric conversion layer containing a perovskite compound and absorbs light in a specific wavelength range and converts it into electricity. In this embodiment, the perovskite solar cell submodule 20 is formed by directly laminating various materials on the back side of the surface protection member 10, and is a submodule in which multiple subcells that each independently perform photoelectric conversion are formed.

[0018] In the illustrated embodiment, the perovskite solar cell submodule 20 has a plurality of subcells 21 each formed in a strip extending in a first direction and aligned in a second direction intersecting the first direction, and electrodes 22 on the outer sides in the second direction of the plurality of subcells 21, i.e., on both ends in the second direction. A first wiring member 23 for outputting power from the perovskite solar cell submodule 20 to the outside is connected to the pair of electrodes 22.

[0019] The perovskite solar cell submodule 20 is formed by laminating a first transparent electrode layer, a power generation layer, and a second transparent electrode layer in this order on a surface protection member 10 (or a transparent substrate). The power generation layer may have a configuration including a photoelectric conversion layer containing a perovskite compound, and charge transport layers laminated on the front and back of the photoelectric conversion layer and selectively passing charges (electrons or holes) having mutually different polarities from the photoelectric conversion layer.

[0020] The subcells 21 can be separated by a first separation groove that cuts the first transparent electrode layer, a second separation groove that cuts the power generation layer near the first separation groove, and a third separation groove that cuts the second transparent electrode layer near the second separation groove so that power can be extracted independently, and can be formed in a state where they are electrically connected in series. The electrodes 22 are connected to the first transparent electrode layer or the second transparent electrode layer of the adjacent subcells 21. The first wiring members 23 are disposed so as to extend in the first direction on the back sides of both ends in the second direction of the perovskite solar cell submodule 20.

[0021] The insulating member 30 is disposed so as to cover the back surface side of the perovskite solar cell submodule 20, and prevents contact between the perovskite solar cell submodule 20 and the silicon solar cell 50. The insulating member 30 is formed from a transparent plate-shaped material, and is curved so that its edge approaches the surface protection member 10, that is, so that its center protrudes toward the silicon solar cell 50. The insulating member 30 is preferably formed so that its edge protrudes toward the surface protection member 10 along its entire periphery, and more preferably has a three-dimensional curved surface such that the entire periphery of the edge is positioned on approximately the same plane.

[0022] By curving the insulating member 30 in this manner, the thickness of the first sealing material 40 exposed at the edge of the solar cell module 1 can be reduced. This reduces the amount of moisture that reaches the perovskite solar cell submodule 20 through the first sealing material 40, and suppresses deterioration of the perovskite solar cell submodule 20. The curvature of the insulating member 30 (the maximum height when the insulating member 30 is placed on a flat plate so as to be convex upward) is preferably 80% or more and 120% or less of the average thickness of the first sealing material 40. If the curvature of the insulating member 30 is small, the effect of suppressing the intrusion of moisture becomes small, and if the curvature of the insulating member 30 is large, there is a risk that the sealing of the perovskite solar cell submodule 20 by the first sealing material 40 will be incomplete.

[0023] The insulating member 30 may be formed from a single material, for example, by hot pressing a transparent resin plate, but can be formed relatively easily by laminating sheet-like materials with different thermal expansion coefficients in a heated state and curving them due to the difference in the contraction rates when cooled to room temperature. Specifically, the insulating member 30 can have a configuration including a glass layer 31 and a resin layer 32.

[0024] In order to curve the insulating member 30 due to the difference in the thermal expansion coefficient between the glass layer 31 and the resin layer 32, the thickness of the glass layer 31 is preferably 0.5 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less, and more preferably 0.8 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less. If the thickness of the glass layer 31 is small, the glass layer 31 may be damaged during the manufacturing process, and if the thickness of the glass layer 31 is large, the insulating member 30 may not be curved sufficiently.

[0025] The resin layer 32 preferably has an adhesive layer 321 and a cover film 322 to facilitate bonding with the glass layer 31. The adhesive layer 321 is preferably made of a thermoplastic resin that can be bonded to the glass layer 31 in a molten state, such as an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, an ethylene / α-olefin copolymer, an ethylene / vinyl acetate / triallyl isocyanurate, a polyvinyl butyrate, an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, or a silicone resin. The adhesive layer 321 preferably contains a crosslinking agent and is crosslinked when bonded to the glass layer 31, thereby losing its thermoplasticity. The cover film 322 may be provided to protect the adhesive layer 321 from being adhered to a heat press when the glass layer 31 and the resin layer 32 are bonded with the heat press.

[0026] Furthermore, the insulating member 30 may further include an aluminum layer in an area where the silicon solar cell is not present as viewed from the projection direction. The aluminum layer has a thermal expansion coefficient greater than that of the glass layer 31 and a modulus of elasticity greater than that of the resin layer 32. Therefore, when the insulating member 30 is cooled after being laminated in a heated state, a relatively large thermal stress is generated, and the insulating member 30 can be efficiently curved.

[0027] The first sealing material 40 is filled between the surface protection member and the insulating member, and protects the perovskite solar cell submodule 20 from moisture and the like by sealing it. As the first sealing material 40, for example, a resin having translucency such as ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene / α-olefin copolymer, ethylene / vinyl acetate / triallyl isocyanurate, polyvinyl butyrate, acrylic resin, urethane resin, or silicone resin is preferably used. The first sealing material 40 is preferably formed from a material that has thermoplasticity that penetrates into the gaps of the perovskite solar cell submodule 20 at the manufacturing stage, and that can retain its shape even if the temperature of the solar cell module 1 increases by losing the thermoplasticity in the final product. In other words, the first sealing material 40 is preferably formed from a resin composition that is mainly made of a thermoplastic resin and contains a crosslinking agent that is activated at a temperature higher than the softening point of the thermoplastic resin and crosslinks and hardens the thermoplastic resin. The first sealing material 40 can be formed by disposing a sheet-shaped material that forms the first sealing material 40 between the perovskite solar cell submodule 20 and the insulating member 30, and melting it by heat pressing.

[0028] The silicon solar cell 50 is disposed on the back side of the insulating member 30. The silicon solar cell 50 has an absorption wavelength different from that of the perovskite solar cell submodule 20, and absorbs light transmitted through the perovskite solar cell submodule 20 to perform photoelectric conversion. The silicon solar cell 50 may be, for example, a crystalline silicon solar cell using a crystalline silicon substrate that performs photoelectric conversion.

[0029] In the illustrated embodiment, the silicon solar cells 50 each extend in the second direction and constitute two solar cell strings 51 lined up in the first direction. Each solar cell string 51 is formed by electrically connecting five silicon solar cell cells 50 directly with a plurality of interconnectors 52. The interconnectors 52 at the ends of the solar cell string 51 are folded back to the back side of the silicon solar cell 50 and connected to second wiring members 53. The second wiring members 53 are disposed on the back side of both ends of the solar cell string 51 in the second direction so as to extend in the first direction. The second wiring members 53 connect the two solar cell strings 51 in parallel and output power from the two solar cell strings 51.

[0030] The solar cell string 51 may be sealed in a curved state along the insulating member 30. As a result, the distance between both ends of the solar cell string 51 and the back surface protection member 60 may be greater than that between the solar cell string 51 and the central portion. Therefore, even if the second wiring member 53 is arranged on the back side of both ends of the solar cell string 51, there is a small risk that the second wiring member 53 will be pressed against the silicon solar cell 50 and damage the silicon solar cell 50. Therefore, by arranging the second wiring member 53 on the back side of the silicon solar cell 50, the packing rate (occupancy rate in a plan view) of the silicon solar cell 50 can be increased, and the output of the solar cell module 1 can be increased. Furthermore, the packing rate of the silicon solar cell 50 can be improved by curving the solar cell string 51.

[0031] The silicon solar cell 50 may be configured, for example, by stacking a first semiconductor layer and a second semiconductor layer having mutually different polarities on a crystalline silicon substrate, and arranging an electrode for collecting electricity on the semiconductor layer. The silicon solar cell 50 may be a double-sided electrode type solar cell in which electrodes are arranged on both sides, but is preferably a back electrode type solar cell in which electrodes are arranged only on the back side so as not to block incident light. The silicon solar cell 50 may be cracked or chipped due to excessive stress acting on it, particularly during the manufacture of the solar cell module 1, and such cracks and chips are likely to occur at the outer periphery of the solar cell module 1. However, in the solar cell module 1, the insulating member 30 is curved, so that the thickness of the second sealing material 70 that sandwiches the silicon solar cell 50 becomes larger toward the outside in a plan view, and the stress acting on the silicon solar cell 50 at the outer periphery can be alleviated.

[0032] The back surface protection member 60 is disposed so as to cover the back side of the silicon solar cell 50. The back surface protection member 60 protects the perovskite solar cell submodule 20 and the silicon solar cell 50 by covering the back surface of the silicon solar cell 50 via the second sealing material 70. The back surface protection member 60 can be formed from a plate-shaped or sheet-shaped material, and preferably has excellent water impermeability. Specifically, the back surface protection member 60 can be formed from a plate material or film such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, fluorine-containing resin, silicone resin, glass, etc., and a laminate of such a plate material or film and a metal foil such as aluminum foil may be used.

[0033] The second sealing material 70 is filled between the insulating member 30 and the back surface protection member 60, that is, on the front and back surfaces and outside in plan view of the silicon solar cell 50, and protects the silicon solar cell 50 from moisture and the like by sealing it. The second sealing material 70 can be formed from the same material as the first sealing material 40. The second sealing material 70 can be formed by placing sheets of the material that forms the second sealing material 70 between the insulating member 30 and the silicon solar cell 50 and between the silicon solar cell 50 and the back surface protection member 60, respectively, and melting and integrating them by heat pressing.

[0034] As described above, in the solar cell module 1, the insulating member 30 is curved so that its edges are close to the surface protection member 10, so that the solar cell module 1 has high moisture resistance that can effectively suppress deterioration of the perovskite solar cell submodule 20 due to moisture, and can also prevent cracking or chipping of the silicon solar cell 50.

[0035] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and variations are possible. For example, in the solar cell module according to the present invention, a perovskite solar cell submodule formed on a substrate different from the surface protection member may be disposed on the back side of the surface protection member via a first sealing material. [Explanation of symbols]

[0036] 1. Solar cell module 10 Surface protection materials 20 Perovskite solar cell submodule 21 Subcell 22 electrodes 23 1st wiring material 30 Insulating materials 31 Glass layer 32 Resin layer 321 Adhesive layer 322 Cover Film 40 First sealing material 50 Silicon solar cells 51 Solar cell string 52 Interconnector 53 2nd wiring material 60 Back protection material 70 Second sealing material

Claims

1. A plate-shaped surface protection member; A perovskite solar cell submodule disposed on the back side of the surface protection member; A plate-shaped insulating member arranged to cover the back side of the perovskite solar cell submodule; a first sealing material filled between the surface protection member and the insulating member; A silicon solar cell disposed on the back side of the insulating member; A plate-shaped or sheet-shaped back surface protection member arranged to cover the back side of the silicon solar cell; a second sealing material filled between the insulating member and the back surface protection member; Equipped with The insulating member is curved so that an edge thereof approaches the surface protection member.

2. The solar cell module according to claim 1 , wherein the insulating member has a glass layer and a resin layer.

3. The solar cell module according to claim 2 , wherein the resin layer comprises an adhesive layer and a cover film.

4. The solar cell module according to claim 2 , wherein the insulating member further comprises an aluminum layer in an area where the silicon solar cell is not present as viewed from a projection direction.

5. The solar cell module according to claim 2 , wherein the glass layer has a thickness of 0.5 mm or more and 2.0 mm or less.

6. The solar cell module according to claim 1 , wherein the perovskite solar cell submodule is formed by being directly laminated on the surface protection member.

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