El display device and electronic apparatus

Abstract

To provide a display device that can present an extremely high definition and an improved display quality, and to provide a display device with an increased numerical aperture.SOLUTION: A pixel includes three sub-pixels and two gate lines are electrically connected to the pixel. One of the gate lines is electrically connected to the gates of the transistors of the two of the sub-pixels. The other of the gate lines is electrically connected to the gate of the transistor of the sub-pixel other than the two sub-pixels. The display element of the three sub-pixels are arranged in one direction. The three pixel electrodes of the three sub-pixels are arranged in one direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] One embodiment of the present invention relates to a display device.

[0002] Note that one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above technical fields. The technical field of one aspect of the present invention relates to an object, a method, or a manufacturing method. One aspect of the present invention is a process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter. Therefore, the present invention disclosed in this specification more specifically relates to the The technical field of one embodiment of the present invention is a semiconductor device, a display device, a light-emitting device, a lighting device, a power storage device, etc. Examples of the present invention include a memory device, a driving method thereof, or a manufacturing method thereof. can. [Background technology]

[0003] In recent years, there has been a demand for high-resolution display devices. In televisions, the resolution is full HD (19 pixels). 20×1080) is currently the mainstream, but in the future 4K (3840×216 As television sets become higher resolution, such as 3200x2400 (pixel count) and 8K (pixel count 7680x4320), It is expected that this will happen.

[0004] On the other hand, in mobile information terminal devices such as mobile phones, smartphones, and tablet terminals, In recent years, display panels used in the display units of such devices have become increasingly higher in resolution.

[0005] Representative display devices include liquid crystal displays and organic EL (Electro Luminescence) displays. escence elements and light emitting diodes (LEDs) Light-emitting devices equipped with light-emitting elements such as OLEDs, and electronic paper that displays information using electrophoresis, etc. etc.

[0006] For example, the basic structure of an organic EL element is a layer containing a light-emitting organic compound between a pair of electrodes. By applying a voltage to this element, light is emitted from the light-emitting organic compound. A display device to which such an organic EL element is applied is called a liquid crystal display device. Since it does not require a backlight, which was previously necessary in some devices, it is thin, lightweight, has high contrast, and consumes less power. A power-saving display device can be realized. For example, an example of a display device using an organic EL element is This is described in reference 1. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] JP 2002-324673 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] For example, the display panel mounted on a portable information terminal device has a larger display area than a television device. Because the area of ​​the region is small, higher definition is required to increase the resolution.

[0009] An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a display device with extremely high definition. Another object of the present invention is to provide a display device with improved display quality. Another object of the present invention is to provide a display device having improved reliability. Another object of the present invention is to provide a display device having a novel structure. This is one of the challenges.

[0010] The description of these problems does not preclude the existence of other problems. It is not necessary to solve all of these problems. Problems other than those mentioned above are not necessarily solved. It will become clear from the description of the specification, etc., and problems other than those mentioned above will not be identified from the description of the specification, etc. It is possible to extract [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] One embodiment of the present invention is a display device including a pixel, a first wiring, and a second wiring. The pixel includes a first subpixel, a second subpixel, and a third subpixel. The first subpixel includes a first The second subpixel has a second transistor and a first display element. The third subpixel has a third transistor and a third display element. The first wiring is connected to the gate of the first transistor and the gate of the second transistor. The second wiring is electrically connected to the gate of the third transistor.

[0012] In the above, the first display element has a first electrode, and the second display element has a second The third display element has a third electrode. In a plan view, the third electrode is , preferably has a region located between the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0013] In the above, a line passing through the center of gravity of the first electrode and the center of gravity of the second electrode in a plan view It is preferable that the straight line does not overlap with the center of gravity of the third electrode.

[0014] In the above, the first electrode and the second wiring are arranged so as not to overlap each other. The second electrode and the second wiring are arranged so as not to overlap each other, and the third electrode and the first It is preferable that the wirings have an overlapping area.

[0015] Another aspect of the present invention is a semiconductor device including a first pixel, a second pixel, a first wiring, and a second wiring. The first pixel includes a first sub-pixel, a second sub-pixel, and a third sub-pixel. The first pixel has a fourth sub-pixel, a fifth sub-pixel, and a sixth sub-pixel. The first subpixel includes a first transistor and a first display element. The second subpixel includes a second The third subpixel has a third transistor and a second display element. The fourth subpixel has a fourth transistor and a fourth display element. The fifth subpixel includes a fifth transistor and a fifth display element. The display device includes a sixth transistor and a sixth display element. The first wiring is The gate of the first transistor is electrically connected to the gate of the second transistor, and the gate of the fourth transistor. The second wiring is connected to the gate of the third transistor, the gate of the fifth transistor, and electrically connected to the gate of the sixth transistor.

[0016] In the above, the first display element has a first electrode, and the second display element has a second the third display element has a third electrode, and the fourth display element has a fourth electrode. the fifth display element has a fifth electrode, and the sixth display element has a sixth electrode. In addition, it is preferable that the third electrode is located between the first electrode and the second electrode in a plan view. the fourth electrode has an area located between the fifth electrode and the sixth electrode; Preferably, the second electrode and the fifth electrode are disposed adjacent to each other.

[0017] In the above, in a plan view, the center of gravity of the first electrode, the center of gravity of the second electrode, and the The center of gravity of the fourth electrode is located on the first straight line, and the center of gravity of the third electrode and the center of gravity of the fifth electrode are located on the first straight line. The center of gravity of the sixth electrode is located on the second straight line, the first straight line and the second straight line are parallel to each other, and It is preferable that the number of matching circuits is not equal to one another.

[0018] In the above, the first electrode and the second wiring are arranged so as not to overlap each other. The second electrode and the second wiring are arranged so as not to overlap each other, and the third electrode and the first The wiring has an overlapping area, and the fourth electrode and the second wiring are arranged so as not to overlap each other. The fifth electrode and the first wiring have an overlapping area, and the sixth electrode and the first wiring have an overlapping area. It is preferable that the first wiring and the second wiring have an overlapping area.

[0019] In the above, the third wiring, the fourth wiring, and the fifth wiring are provided, and the first transistor is connected to the third wiring. One of the source and drain of the second transistor is electrically connected to the third wiring. One of the source and drain of the third transistor is electrically connected to the fourth wiring. One of the source and the drain is electrically connected to the third wiring. One of the source and drain of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to a fifth wiring. One of the drains is electrically connected to the fourth wiring, and the source or drain of the sixth transistor is It is preferable that one of the drains is electrically connected to the fifth wiring.

[0020] Alternatively, the third wiring, the fourth wiring, the fifth wiring, and the sixth wiring may be provided, and the first transistor may be provided. One of the source and drain of the second transistor is electrically connected to the fourth wiring. One of the source and drain of the third transistor is electrically connected to the fifth wiring. One of the source and the drain is electrically connected to the third wiring. One of the source and drain of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to a sixth wiring. One of the drains is electrically connected to the fourth wiring, and the source or drain of the sixth transistor is It is preferable that one of the drains is electrically connected to the fifth wiring.

[0021] In addition, at this time, the fourth wiring is disposed between the second electrode and the third electrode in a plan view. and the fifth wiring is preferably disposed between the fourth electrode and the fifth electrode. .

[0022] In the above, the first display element and the fifth display element have a function of presenting a first color. The second display element and the sixth display element have a function of presenting a second color, and the third display element has a function of presenting a third color. The element and the fourth display element preferably have a function of exhibiting a third color.

[0023] In the above, the resolution is preferably 400 ppi or more and 2000 ppi or less. It is.

[0024] In the above, the current flowing through each of the first to third display elements is selectively output. and a function of supplying a predetermined potential to each of the first to third display elements. It is preferable to have a circuit for Effect of the Invention

[0025] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a display device with extremely high definition can be provided. It is possible to provide a display device having an improved aperture ratio. Alternatively, a highly reliable display device can be provided. Alternatively, a display device having a novel configuration can be provided. can be provided.

[0026] The description of these effects does not preclude the existence of other effects. An embodiment does not necessarily have to have all of these effects. The above will become apparent from the description in the specification, drawings, claims, etc. It is possible to extract other effects from the descriptions in the claims, etc. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0027] [Figure 1] 1 shows a configuration example of a display device according to an embodiment. [Diagram 2] 1 shows a configuration example of a display device according to an embodiment. [Diagram 3] 1 shows a configuration example of a display device according to an embodiment. [Figure 4] 1 shows a configuration example of a display device according to an embodiment. [Diagram 5] 1 shows a configuration example of a display device according to an embodiment. [Figure 6] 1 shows a configuration example of a display device according to an embodiment. [Figure 7] 1 is a circuit diagram of a display device according to an embodiment. [Figure 8] 1 is a circuit diagram of a display device according to an embodiment. [Figure 9] 1 is a circuit diagram of a display device according to an embodiment. [Figure 10] 1 is a circuit diagram of a display device according to an embodiment. [Figure 11] 1 shows a configuration example of a display device according to an embodiment. [Figure 12] 1 shows a configuration example of a display device according to an embodiment. [Figure 13] 1 shows a configuration example of a display device according to an embodiment. [Figure 14] 1 shows a configuration example of a display device according to an embodiment. [Figure 15] 1 shows a configuration example of a display device according to an embodiment. [Figure 16] 1 shows a configuration example of a display device according to an embodiment. [Figure 17] 1 shows a configuration example of a display device according to an embodiment. [Figure 18] 1 shows a configuration example of a display device according to an embodiment. [Figure 19] 3 shows a configuration example of a touch panel according to an embodiment. [Figure 20] 1A and 1B are a block diagram and a timing chart of a touch sensor according to an embodiment. [Figure 21] 1 is a circuit diagram of a touch sensor according to an embodiment. [Figure 22] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating examples of electronic devices and lighting devices according to an embodiment. [Diagram 23] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating examples of electronic devices according to an embodiment. [Figure 24] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating examples of electronic devices according to an embodiment. [Diagram 25] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating examples of electronic devices according to an embodiment. [Figure 26] 4 shows electrical characteristics of a transistor according to the first embodiment. [Figure 27] 3 is a photograph of a display panel according to the first embodiment. [Figure 28] 1 shows the configuration of a light-emitting element according to a second embodiment. [Figure 29] Chromaticity diagram according to the second embodiment. [Diagram 30] 11 shows the luminance dependency of the NTSC ratio according to Example 2. [Diagram 31] 11 shows electrical characteristics of a transistor according to Example 3. [Diagram 32] 11 is a luminance dependency and chromaticity diagram of the NTSC ratio according to the third embodiment. [Diagram 33] 13 shows the viewing angle dependence of chromaticity according to Example 3. [Diagram 34] 13 shows the viewing angle dependence of chromaticity according to Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0028] The embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the following description. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various changes and modifications may be made in the form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention can be realized by the following embodiments. The present disclosure should not be construed as being limited to the contents of the preceding paragraph.

[0029] In the configuration of the invention described below, the same parts or parts having similar functions are The same reference numerals are used in common between different drawings, and the repeated explanations are omitted. When referring to a function, the hatch pattern may be the same and no particular symbol may be used.

[0030] In each figure described in this specification, the size, layer thickness, or area of ​​each component is indicated by the following formula: The figures may be exaggerated for clarity and are not necessarily limited to scale. stomach.

[0031] In this specification, ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" are used to avoid confusion of components. The numbers are added for the purpose of convenience and are not intended to be limiting.

[0032] A transistor is a type of semiconductor device that controls the amplification of current or voltage and the conduction or non-conduction of electricity. In this specification, the transistor can realize a switching operation that controls the , IGFET(Insulated Gate Field Effect Trans istor) and thin film transistor (TFT: Thin Film Transistor ).

[0033] In addition, the functions of "source" and "drain" may differ when using transistors with different polarities. In some cases, such as when the direction of the current changes during circuit operation, the two may be interchanged. Therefore, in this specification, the terms "source" and "drain" may be used interchangeably. It is possible.

[0034] (Embodiment 1) In this embodiment, a structure example of a display device according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0035] The display device according to one embodiment of the present invention has a plurality of pixels. Each pixel has a plurality of sub-pixels. Each subpixel has a display element and a pixel circuit. Each pixel circuit has at least one transistor. The pixel circuit has at least one electrode (also called a pixel electrode), and the electrode is electrically connected to the pixel circuit. The transistor in each pixel circuit serves as a switch for selecting the corresponding sub-pixel. The pixel circuit functions as a selection transistor. In addition to the resistors, other transistors, capacitance elements, diode elements, and other elements, The element may have wiring or the like for connecting the elements.

[0036] In the display device according to one embodiment of the present invention, a gate of a selection transistor included in a pixel circuit is supplied with a voltage. The device has multiple wirings (also called gate lines) that are electrically connected to the This controls the on / off state of the selection transistor, thereby controlling the selection state of the subpixel. can.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, a pixel has two or more sub-pixels, and a pixel has two or more lines. The number of gate lines electrically connected is equal to or less than the number of sub-pixels per pixel. At least one of the sub-pixels of the pixel is electrically connected to each of the lines.

[0038] As an example, a pixel has three sub-pixels and two gate lines are electrically connected to the pixel. More specifically, one of the gate lines is connected to the two sub-pixels. The other gate line is electrically connected to the gate of each selection transistor. The gate of the selection transistor is electrically connected to the gate of the selection transistor.

[0039] On the other hand, the display elements of the three sub-pixels are arranged side by side in one direction. That is, the three pixel electrodes of the three sub-pixels are arranged in one direction. do.

[0040] By configuring the pixel of the display device according to one embodiment of the present invention as described above, the occupancy rate of the pixel is This makes it easier to reduce the area, and as a result, the resolution of the display device can be improved. Below, we will explain one of the reasons why the pixel area can be reduced by using the above pixel configuration. explain.

[0041] In order to increase the resolution of a display device, it is necessary to reduce the area occupied by one pixel. For example, One way to reduce the pixel area is to reduce the minimum feature size and the position between different layers. One method is to reduce design rules such as alignment accuracy. Significantly reducing the rules will be extremely difficult, as it depends in large part on improvements in the performance of manufacturing equipment. For example, the cost of developing manufacturing equipment such as exposure machines is extremely high. Even if manufacturing equipment were developed, the capital investment required to replace the existing equipment would be enormous. It ends up like this.

[0042] For comparison, the selection transistors of three sub-pixels are connected to one gate line. Also, it is preferable that each pixel has a square shape or a shape close to a square shape in a plan view. In this case, in the extension direction of the gate line, three pixel circuits for each sub-pixel are arranged. For example, when a pixel is square, the pixel circuit is A small number of wires are placed in a rectangle with a ratio of the length in the direction of extension to the length in the direction perpendicular to the extension being approximately 1:3. In addition, when viewed in plan, if the pixel shape is a square, In order to reduce the area occupied by the element, the length of the gate line in the extension direction and the length of the gate line perpendicular to the direction of extension are Rather than reducing only one of the lengths, both lengths must be reduced to the same extent.

[0043] When manufacturing pixel circuits, there are design rules for the process, so The size of the elements, electrodes, and contact holes, the width of the wiring connecting the elements, and The spacing, or the spacing between elements and wiring, cannot be made smaller than a certain value. In order to fit the pixel circuit into the rectangular area, the area occupied by the elements, wiring, etc. is reduced. No matter how much effort is put into arranging the gate lines, the length of the short side of the rectangle is It is difficult to make the length in the stretching direction as small as the length in the long side direction. For each pixel circuit, it is necessary to provide at least one wiring that crosses the gate line at right angles. The wiring and other configurations are densely arranged in the direction in which the gate lines of the pixels extend, compared to the direction perpendicular to the direction. This means that it is more difficult to reduce the length of the gate line of the pixel circuit in the extension direction. can.

[0044] In the pixel according to one embodiment of the present invention, the number of pixel circuits arranged in the extension direction of the gate line can be reduced. Therefore, the length of the pixel in the extension direction of the gate line can be made shorter than in the above-mentioned configuration. Furthermore, the wiring perpendicular to the gate line is arranged in the pixel circuit of each pixel. Since it is possible to share the same signal between two pixel circuits connected to different gate lines, The number of lines perpendicular to the gate lines can be reduced, and the extension direction of the gate lines of the pixels can be reduced. It is therefore easy to make the length of the wire shorter.

[0045] In addition, one embodiment of the present invention has a pixel unit in which a pair of pixels are combined. More specifically, two pixel circuits are connected to a first gate line, and a second A first pixel having one pixel circuit connected to a gate line, and a second pixel having one pixel circuit connected to the first gate line. a second pixel having two pixel circuits connected to a second gate line; The pixel unit may have six pixel circuits, for example. For example, the ratio of the length of the gate line in the extension direction to the length in the direction perpendicular to the gate line is about 2:1. It is preferable to provide the pixel circuit so that it fits within a square. This allows for more efficient and denser pixel placement, further reducing the area occupied by the pixels. In addition, compared to the comparative configuration shown above, the number of gate lines connected to a pair of pixels is reduced. It is possible to reduce the number of orthogonal wirings by at least two.

[0046] In the display device according to one embodiment of the present invention, the area occupied by the pixel can be made extremely small. Therefore, a display device having a very high-definition pixel portion can be realized. For example, the resolution of the pixel portion is For example, between 400ppi and 2000ppi, or between 500ppi and 2000ppi Preferably, 600 ppi or more and 2000 ppi or less, more preferably 800 ppi or less. At most 2000 ppi, and more preferably at least 1000 ppi and no more than 2000 ppi For example, a display device with a resolution of 1058 ppi can be realized.

[0047] Such high-definition display devices are used in, for example, mobile phones, smartphones, tablet terminals, etc. Relatively small electronic devices such as portable information terminal devices, wearable devices such as smart watches, etc. It can be used suitably for child devices. It can also be used suitably for the viewfinder of a camera, etc. It can also be suitably used in display devices for medical purposes. This can be done.

[0048] More specifically, one embodiment of the present invention can have the following configuration, for example.

[0049] [Configuration example] A structural example of a display device according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

[0050] [Example of the configuration of the display device] FIG. 1A is a schematic top view of a display device 10 to be described below. A base portion 11, a circuit 12, a circuit 13, a circuit 14, a terminal portion 15a, a terminal portion 15b, a plurality of wirings 1 6a, a plurality of wirings 16b, and a plurality of wirings 16c.

[0051] The pixel section 11 has a plurality of pixels and has a function of displaying an image.

[0052] The circuit 12 and the circuit 13 output signals for driving the pixels to the pixels in the pixel section 11. For example, the circuit 12 is a circuit that functions as a gate driver circuit. The circuit 13 can be a circuit having a function as a source driver circuit.

[0053] In addition, when the number of pixels provided in the pixel section 11 is extremely large, a source driver circuit An IC that functions as a semiconductor device may be mounted on the terminal portion 15a, or an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit) on which an IC is mounted may be mounted. A printed circuit (printable circuit) is connected to the terminal portion 15a, and the circuit 13 is not provided. Even when an IC is used, it is possible to provide one signal to the circuit 13 in two or more When a circuit that distributes the power to the wiring (such as a demultiplexer circuit) is applied, the IC Since the number of terminals of the FPC can be reduced, the display device 10 can have a higher resolution. This is preferable.

[0054] The circuit 14 is a circuit having a function of selectively outputting a current flowing through a display element of a pixel. The circuit 14 is also called a monitor circuit. In response to the current outputted through the circuit 14 for each pixel, By adjusting the potential of the signal supplied to the pixel, the brightness of each pixel in the pixel section 11 can be reduced. In particular, when a high-definition pixel section 11 is to be formed, the occupied area of ​​the pixel can be corrected. In order to reduce the area, the pixel circuit of each pixel is simplified and provided outside the display device 10. It is preferable to use a method in which the correction is performed by a device or circuit that is connected to the The pixel circuit has the above correction function and performs the correction within the pixel circuit (also called internal correction). In the case of using the above-mentioned correction method, the circuit 14 may not be provided. It is okay to do so.

[0055] The terminal portion 15a and the terminal portion 15b are provided with a plurality of terminals for connecting an FPC or an IC. Each terminal of the terminal portion 15a is electrically connected to the circuit 13 via a wiring 16a. A part of the terminals of the terminal portion 15b is electrically connected to the circuit 12 via the wiring 16b. The other terminals of the terminal portion 15b are electrically connected to the circuit 14 via the wiring 16c. The display device 10 on which the FPC and IC are mounted can also be called a display module. In addition, the display device 10 without the FPC or IC mounted thereon may be called a display panel. Cut.

[0056] FIG. 1B is a schematic top view showing an example of a method for arranging pixel electrodes in the pixel section 11. As shown in FIG. The pixel section 11 has a plurality of pixel units 20. FIG. 1B shows four pixel units 20. 0. The pixel unit 20 includes a pixel 21a and a pixel 21b. The pixel 21a has a pixel electrode 31a, a pixel electrode 32a, and a pixel electrode 33a. The pixel 21b has a pixel electrode 31b, a pixel electrode 32b, and a pixel electrode 33b. The electrodes function as electrodes of a display element, which will be described later. The pixel electrode is located inside the pixel electrode of the sub-pixel.

[0057] The six pixel electrodes of the pixel unit 20 are arranged at equal intervals. The pixel electrodes 31a, 32a, and 33a are each a display that exhibits a different color. The pixel electrode 31b can be an electrode of a display element. 2b and pixel electrode 32a and pixel electrode 33b have the same color as pixel electrode 33a. The electrodes can be used as display element electrodes. Note that the three types of pixel electrodes are assumed to be the same size. However, they may be different sizes. The areas 22 may be of different sizes.

[0058] For ease of explanation, the pixel electrode 31a is a display element that exhibits red (R). Similarly, the pixel electrode 32a is a display element that exhibits green (G). The pixel electrode 33a is an electrode of a display element that exhibits blue (B) and is designated by the symbol B. Note that the pixel arrangement shown in FIG. 1B etc. is just an example, and the present invention is not limited to this.

[0059] FIG. 1C is a circuit diagram showing an example of how pixel circuits are arranged in the pixel section 11. FIG. 1C shows four pixel units 20. The pixel 21a includes a pixel circuit 41a and a pixel The pixel 21b includes a pixel circuit 41b, a pixel circuit 42a, and a pixel circuit 43a. The pixel section 11 also includes a wiring 51a, a wiring 51b, Wiring 52a, wiring 52b, wiring 52c, wiring 53a, wiring 53b, wiring 53c, etc. are arranged. It is being done.

[0060] The wiring 51a and the wiring 51b are electrically connected to the circuit 12 and are used as gate lines. The wiring 52a, the wiring 52b, and the wiring 52c each have a function of electrically connecting the circuit 13 and The wiring 53a and the wiring 53b are electrically connected to each other and function as signal lines (also called data lines). The line 53b and the wiring 53c have a function of supplying a potential to the display element. When the circuit 14 is included in the semiconductor device 1, the wiring 53a, the wiring 53b, and the wiring 53c are It is electrically connected to the circuit 14.

[0061] The pixel circuit 41a is electrically connected to the wiring 51a, the wiring 52a, and the wiring 53a. The pixel circuit 42a is electrically connected to the wiring 51a, the wiring 52b, and the wiring 53b. The pixel circuit 43a is electrically connected to the wiring 51b, the wiring 52a, and the wiring 53a. The pixel circuit 41b is electrically connected to the wiring 51a, the wiring 52c, and the wiring 53c. The pixel circuit 42b is electrically connected to the wiring 51b, the wiring 52b, and the wiring 53b. The pixel circuit 43b is electrically connected to the wiring 51b, the wiring 52c, and the wiring 53c. This is being continued.

[0062] The pixel circuit 41a is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 31a. The pixel circuit 43a is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 33a. The pixel circuit 41b is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 31b. The line 42b is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 32b. In FIG. 1C, each pixel electrode shown in FIG. 1B and the pixel To make it easier to understand the correspondence with the circuits, the pixel circuits are labeled with R, G, and B.

[0063] In FIG. 1C, one pixel unit 20 has a wiring (wiring 5) that functions as a signal line. 2a to 2c) show a configuration in which three wires are electrically connected, but as shown in FIG. It may be configured to be electrically connected to the element unit 20.

[0064] In FIG. 2, the wiring 52d is electrically connected to the pixel circuit 43a. The wiring 52b is electrically connected to the pixel circuit 41a and the pixel circuit 42b. The wiring 52c is electrically connected to the pixel circuit 41b and the pixel circuit 43b. The wiring 52c is shared between adjacent pixel units. Therefore, the wiring 52c in the pixel unit 20 corresponds to the wiring 52d in the adjacent pixel unit. do.

[0065] In this way, pixel circuits corresponding to the same color are connected to a single wiring that functions as a signal line. For example, as described above, the variation in luminance between pixels is corrected. When a signal with an adjusted potential is supplied to the relevant wiring to adjust the color, the correction value varies greatly for each color. Therefore, all pixel circuits connected to one signal line are designed to correspond to the same color. By using such a pixel circuit, the correction can be made easier.

[0066] In the configuration shown in FIG. 2, the wiring 51a and the wiring 51b are arranged in the row direction (the extension direction of the wiring 51a and the wiring 51b). When the number of pixel circuits to be connected is n, the number of wirings (wirings 52a, etc.) that function as signal lines is In addition, among the wirings functioning as a plurality of signal lines provided in the pixel section 11, Each of the two wires (the 1st and n+1th wires) located at both ends has a wire of the same color. The pixel circuit is connected to the pixel circuit. These two wirings (wire 52d and wire 52c located on the right side in FIG. 2) are, for example, When the signal line 54 is electrically connected to the pixel portion 11, This is preferable because it does not increase the number of output signals of the circuit functioning as a driver circuit.

[0067] [Example of pixel circuit configuration] A more specific example of the pixel circuit of the pixel unit 20 will be described below. FIG. 3 shows an example of a circuit diagram of the pixel unit 20. In FIG. 3, as shown in FIG. In the case where four wirings (such as wiring 52a) functioning as signal lines are connected to the pixel unit 20, The following shows an example of the case.

[0068] The pixel 21a includes a sub-pixel 71a, a sub-pixel 72a, and a sub-pixel 73a. The pixel includes subpixels 71b, 72b, and 73b. For example, the subpixel 71a includes a pixel circuit 41a and a display element 60. Here, a case where a light-emitting element such as an organic EL element is used as the display element 60 is shown.

[0069] Each pixel circuit includes a transistor 61, a transistor 62, a capacitance element 63, For example, in the pixel circuit 41a, the gate of the transistor 61 is connected to the wiring 51. a, one of the source and drain is electrically connected to the wiring 52a, and the source The other of the drains is electrically connected to the gate of the transistor 62 and one of the electrodes of the capacitor 63. The transistor 62 has a source or a drain that is connected to one of the display elements 60. The other of the source and drain is electrically connected to the other electrode of the capacitor 63, and The other electrode of the display element 60 is electrically connected to the wiring 53a. The other pixel circuits are electrically connected to the wiring as shown in FIG. A wiring to which one of the source and drain of the transistor 61 is connected and the other of the capacitance element 63 Except for the wiring to which the electrodes are connected, the pixel circuit has the same configuration as the pixel circuit 41a.

[0070] In FIG. 3, a transistor 61 functions as a selection transistor. The transistor 62 is connected in series with the display element 60 and serves to control the current flowing through the display element 60. The capacitor 63 holds the potential of the node to which the gate of the transistor 62 is connected. In addition, when the transistor 61 is in an off state, leakage current and the When the leakage current through the gate of the transistor 62 is extremely small, the capacitance element 63 is not intended to be used. It is not necessary to set it as a target.

[0071] As shown in FIG. 3, the transistors 62 are each electrically connected to a first gate. It is preferable to have a structure having a first gate and a second gate. By adopting this configuration, the current that the transistor 62 can pass can be increased. In particular, in a high-definition display device, the size of the transistor 62, particularly the channel width, is increased. This is preferable because it allows the current to be increased without increasing the capacitance.

[0072] As shown in FIG. 4A, the transistor 62 has one gate. With this configuration, the step of forming the second gate is not necessary, The process can be simplified as compared to the above. A configuration having two gates is also possible. By using such a configuration, The size of the transistors can also be reduced. The first gate and the second gate are electrically connected to each other, but one of the gates is different. In this case, the potential applied to the wiring may be different. By this, the threshold voltage of the transistor can be controlled.

[0073] In addition, one of the pair of electrodes of the display element 60 is electrically connected to the transistor 62. 3 and 4(A) ( In B), the electrode electrically connected to the transistor 62 of the display element 60 is the cathode, and the opposite electrode This configuration is used when the transistor 62 is an n-channel type. This is particularly effective when the transistor 62 is in the on state. Since the potential provided by the wiring 53a becomes the source potential, the resistance of the display element 60 is not uniform. The current flowing through the transistor 62 can be kept constant regardless of fluctuations or fluctuations.

[0074] As shown in FIG. 5A, the electrode of the display element 60 on the side of the transistor 62 is set as an anode. The electrode on the opposite side may be a cathode. The potential V1 applied to the other electrode of the element 60 is fixed to be lower than the potential applied to the wiring 53a, etc. In addition, the potential V1 can be a common potential or a ground potential that is used for other circuits. It is preferable to use a potential common to the potentials used in the other circuits because this simplifies the circuit configuration.

[0075] In addition, as shown in Figure 2, one pixel unit has a wiring that functions as a signal line. Although a four-wire configuration is shown, it is also possible to connect three wires as shown in Figure 1(C). An example of the configuration of the pixel unit 20 in this case is shown in FIG.

[0076] In addition, a p-channel transistor may be used as the transistor in the pixel circuit. For example, in the configurations shown in FIGS. 5(A) and 5(B), 1, an example in which the transistor 62 is a p-channel transistor is shown.

[0077] [Monitor circuit] Next, a configuration example of the circuit 14 shown in FIG. 1 shows a circuit diagram of an example of the configuration of the circuit 14. The circuit 14 includes m circuits 80 (m is an integer of 1 or more). The circuit 14 includes a wiring 83, a wiring 84, and a plurality of wirings 80_1 to 80_m. The wiring group 53S is electrically connected to the wiring 53a. The circuit 14 includes at least one each of output terminals 86 (output Each output terminal 86 is electrically connected to a circuit 14. The circuit 80 in the embodiment shown in FIG.

[0078] FIG. 7B shows a configuration example of a circuit 80. The circuit 80 includes a plurality of transistors 81 and The transistor 81 has a gate electrically connected to a wiring 83. Either the source or the drain is electrically connected to one of the wirings in the wiring group 53S. The other of the source and drain is electrically connected to a wiring 84. The terminal 85 is electrically connected to the source or drain of the transistor 81. or drain, and the other of the source or drain is electrically connected to the output terminal 86. are actively connected.

[0079] A fixed potential can be applied to the wiring 84. For example, a potential higher than the potential V1 can be applied. Alternatively, a potential lower than the potential V1 can be applied. A signal for controlling the on / off of the pixel unit 11 can be given to the pixel unit 11. During a period (also referred to as a display period), the transistor 81 is turned on, so that The given potential is supplied via the transistor 81 to each of the wiring group 53S.

[0080] A signal for controlling the on / off of the transistor 82 can be applied to the terminal 85. Here, during the period when no image is displayed on the pixel section 11, the operation described below is performed to display each sub-pixel. It is possible to provide a period during which the current flowing through the element is output to the outside (also called a monitor period). Specifically, the plurality of transistors 81 are turned off, and one of the plurality of transistors 82 is turned on. By turning on one of the wirings in the wiring group 53S, a transistor is connected between one of the wirings in the wiring group 53S and the output terminal 86. Therefore, the transistors 82 are sequentially selected. Then, the current flowing through each of the wirings of the wiring group 53S is output to the output terminal 86 in a time-division manner. This can be done.

[0081] In FIG. 7B, a transistor 82 is connected to one wiring (such as the wiring 53a). As shown in FIG. 7C, the adjacent wirings in the wiring group 53S are bundled together. Therefore, it is preferable to connect it to one transistor 82. The current output to the output terminal 86 is the sum of the currents output from multiple pixels. This improves the sensitivity. In particular, in high-resolution display devices, Since the size of the display element 60 is small and the value of the current flowing through the display element 60 is also small, By adopting such a configuration, correction can be easily performed. By consolidating the wires, the number of output terminals 86 can be reduced, simplifying the circuit configuration. Cut.

[0082] For example, in the circuit configurations illustrated in FIG. 3, FIG. 4(A)(B), and FIG. 5(A)(B), the wiring 5 3a, the wiring 53b, and the wiring 53c are connected to the display element 60 and the transistor 62, respectively. The current that flows can be output to the output terminal 86.

[0083] The operation during the monitor period will be described with reference to FIG. 3. As an example, Consider the case where a current flows and is output. First, the transistor 61 is turned on in the wiring 51a. A potential corresponding to the potential of the transistor 61 is applied to the gate of the transistor 62 via the wiring 52a. Further, a constant potential is applied to other wirings (e.g., wiring 51b, etc.) that function as gate lines. The potential is applied to turn off the transistor 61. A potential that turns off the transistor 62 is applied to the wiring (for example, the wiring 52b). In this way, the current flowing through the display element 60 and the transistor 62 of the subpixel 71a is transmitted to the wiring 5 It can be output to 3a.

[0084] As shown in FIG. 7C, when adjacent wirings in the wiring group 53S are grouped together, In this case, the display elements 60 of the sub-pixels are driven so that current flows simultaneously during the monitor period. In this case, the current is output simultaneously only from the sub-pixels of the same color during one period. It is preferable to drive the motor so that the motor is forced to rotate.

[0085] In addition, in FIG. 7C, the transistor 81 and the transistor 82 are electrically In particular, transistor 81 and transistor 82 are shown having two gates connected together. When multiple wirings (such as wiring 53a) are connected to the resistor 82, a large current needs to flow. Therefore, such a configuration is preferable.

[0086] Here, the above-mentioned An example of a pixel configuration different from that shown in FIG.

[0087] The subpixel shown in FIG. 8A includes a transistor 61, a transistor 62, and a capacitor 63. The subpixel further includes a wiring 51, a wiring 52, a wiring 53, and a transistor 64. The wiring 51 is electrically connected to the wiring 55. The wiring 51 functions as a gate line. The line 52 is a wiring that functions as a signal line, and the line 53 is a wiring that is electrically connected to the circuit 14. In addition, a predetermined potential or signal can be supplied to the wiring 55.

[0088] In FIG. 8A, a transistor 61 has a gate electrically connected to a wiring 51 and a One of the source and drain is electrically connected to the wiring 52, and the other of the source and drain is One electrode of the capacitance element 63 is electrically connected to the gate of the transistor 62. The transistor 62 is connected to a wiring having a function of supplying a potential V2 to one of the source and drain. The other of the source and drain is electrically connected to one electrode of the display element 60 and the transistor. The capacitance element 63 is electrically connected to one of the source and drain of the other transistor 64. One electrode of the transistor 64 is electrically connected to the wiring 51. and the other of the source and the drain is electrically connected to a wiring 53. The other electrode of the display element 60 is electrically connected to a wiring having a function of supplying a potential V1. is.

[0089] In the configuration shown in FIG. 8A, the potential V1 can be set to a potential lower than the potential V2. In addition, when the anode and cathode of the display element 60 are interchanged, the potentials of these electrodes are interchanged. Good.

[0090] In the configuration shown in FIG. 8A, when a predetermined potential is applied to the gate of the transistor 62, The current flowing through the transistor 62 can be output to the wiring 53 via the transistor 64. For example, during the monitoring period, the potential of the wiring 51 can be The potential of the wiring 52 is supplied to the gate of the transistor 62. The potential can be set to be the potential at which the

[0091] In FIG. 8A, the gates of transistors 61 and 64 are arranged in a single arrangement. The configuration is such that the wiring is electrically connected to the line 51, but the configuration is such that the wiring is electrically connected to another wiring. In FIG. 8B, a wiring 57 electrically connected to the gate of the transistor 64 is provided. By adopting such a configuration, for example, during the display period, The resistor 64 can be always in the off state, and an unintended current does not flow in the wiring 53 during this period. This is preferable because

[0092] The configuration shown in FIG. 8C differs from the above mainly in that it does not have the wiring 55. ) the other electrode of the capacitor 63 is connected to the other electrode of the source or drain of the transistor 62. On the other hand, one electrode of the display element 60 and one of the source and drain of the transistor 64 are connected to a This configuration reduces the number of wires, A high-definition display device can be realized.

[0093] FIG. 8D shows the transistors 61 and 64 in the same manner as in FIG. 8B. The configuration shows that each gate is electrically connected to a different wiring.

[0094] In addition, in FIG. 8(A) to (D), each transistor has one gate. As in the above, at least one or all of the transistors are electrically connected. Alternatively, one of the two gates may be a predetermined A structure in which the threshold voltage of a transistor can be controlled by electrically connecting the transistor to a wiring that supplies a potential It is also possible to use the following.

[0095] In addition, the pixel circuit has a function to correct the effects of fluctuations in the threshold voltage of transistors, etc. An example of a sub-pixel is shown in FIG. 9(A). The sub-pixel shown in FIG. 9(A) has six transistors. The display device includes a display element 95, a capacitor element 94, and a display element 95. In addition, the subpixel is provided with wirings 91_1 to 91_5, wiring 92_1, and wiring 9 2_2 are electrically connected.

[0096] The configuration shown in FIG. 9B is obtained by adding a transistor 93_7 to the configuration shown in FIG. In addition, in the subpixel shown in FIG. 9B, a wiring 91_6 and a wiring 91_7 are electrically Here, the wiring 91_5 and the wiring 91_6 may be electrically connected to each other. stomach.

[0097] The subpixel shown in FIG. 10 includes six transistors (transistors 98_1 to 98_6). The subpixel includes a capacitor element 94 and a display element 95. The subpixel includes wirings 96_1 to 96_2. _3, and wirings 97_1 to 97_3 are electrically connected. and the wiring 96_3 may be electrically connected to each other.

[0098] [Example of pixel electrode arrangement method] Next, the relative positional relationship between the pixel electrodes and various wirings will be described.

[0099] FIG. 11A is a schematic top view showing an example of a pixel electrode and a wiring arrangement in the pixel section 11. The wiring 51a and the wiring 51b are arranged alternately. Wiring 52a, wiring 52b, and wiring 52c that intersect with wiring 1b are arranged in this order. In addition, the pixel electrodes are arranged along the extending direction of the wiring 51a and the wiring 51b.

[0100] In the pixel unit 20, the pixel electrode 31a and the pixel electrode 32a are connected to the wiring 52c and the wiring 5 The pixel electrodes 33a and 31b are disposed between the wiring 52a and the wiring The pixel electrodes 32b and 33b are disposed between the wiring 52b and the wiring 52b. In FIG. 11A, each pixel electrode and its adjacent Although the pixel electrodes are shown not to overlap with the wiring, a part of the pixel electrodes may overlap with the wiring.

[0101] In the pixel unit 20, each pixel electrode overlaps both the wiring 51a and the wiring 51b. In this way, the two gate lines are overlapped with the wiring. By providing a pixel electrode, the area of ​​the pixel electrode can be increased, and the aperture ratio of the pixel portion can be increased. Cut.

[0102] Also, as shown in FIG. 11B, between the wirings functioning as two signal lines (for example, wiring Two pixel electrodes located between the wiring 52a and the wiring 52b are arranged in a direction in which the wiring extends. In other words, the six pixels of one pixel unit 20 are preferably arranged in a staggered manner. The pixel electrodes are arranged in a zigzag pattern along the extension direction of the wiring that functions as the gate line. It is preferable that

[0103] The positional relationship of the six pixel electrodes in one pixel unit 20 will be described with reference to FIG. In Fig. 12(A), the center of gravity of each pixel electrode in plan view is marked. Here, the center of gravity of the electrode in plan view is the shape (2 The center of gravity of a square (a two-dimensional figure) is the geometric center of gravity of the square.

[0104] As shown in FIG. 12(A), three adjacent gate lines in the extension direction of the wiring functioning as gate lines are The line connecting the centers of gravity of the two pixel electrodes located at both ends and the line between them It is preferable to arrange the pixel electrodes so that the centers of gravity of the adjacent pixel electrodes do not coincide with each other. For example, A line 30a connecting the center of gravity of pixel electrode 1a and the center of gravity of pixel electrode 33a, and a pixel electrode located between them The arrangement is such that the center of gravity of 32a does not overlap.

[0105] In addition, each pixel unit 20 has six pixel electrodes, and each of three pixel electrodes The center of gravity of the pixel electrode lies on a first straight line, the centers of gravity of the other three pixel electrodes lies on a second straight line, and the third It is preferable that the first line and the second line are parallel to each other and do not coincide with each other. For example, the pixel electrode 3 A line 30a passing through the centers of gravity of the pixel electrodes 1a, 33a, and 32b, and a pixel A straight line 30b passing through the centers of gravity of the pixel electrode 32a, the pixel electrode 31b, and the pixel electrode 33b. are arranged so that they are parallel to each other and do not coincide.

[0106] In reality, there may be variations in the shape of the pixel electrodes, or the shape of the pixel electrodes may vary depending on the pixel. In cases where the center of gravity of three or more pixel electrodes is to be different depending on the color, the line connecting the centers of gravity of the three or more pixel electrodes is not a straight line. In such cases, the direction of extension of the wiring that functions as the gate line is not a straight line. If the centers of gravity of three or more pixel electrodes are located within a rectangular area that is long in the direction of the pixel electrode, these pixels The center of gravity of the pixel electrodes can be considered to be located on a straight line. The center of gravity of the rectangle 30c or 30d is located within the range of the rectangle 30c or 30d. In this case, the width W of the short side of the strip-shaped rectangle is, for example, 1 / 1 of the pixel pitch. 0 or less, and preferably 1 / 20 or less of the pixel pitch.

[0107] Here, as shown in FIG. 11B, one pixel electrode is a wiring that functions as a gate line. It is preferable to arrange the wiring that functions as a gate line so as not to overlap with two or more of the above. When the potential of the pixel electrode changes, the potential of the pixel electrode that overlaps with the pixel electrode changes, and the voltage applied to the display element changes. In addition, if one pixel electrode is connected to any of the wiring that functions as a gate line, If they are arranged so that they do not overlap, the aperture ratio of the pixels may decrease. By configuring one pixel electrode to overlap with a wiring that functions as a gate line, It is possible to maintain a high aperture ratio while suppressing the influence of changes in the potential of the pixel electrode.

[0108] In particular, in one embodiment of the present invention, one pixel has wirings that function as two gate lines. In order to achieve this, the positions of adjacent pixel electrodes are shifted as shown in FIG. 11(B), so that one pixel electrode A wiring that functions as a gate line connected to a pixel, or a gate It is advisable to arrange it so that it overlaps one of the wirings that function as a line. The wiring that functions as a gate line and overlaps with the pixel electrode has a direction in which the gate line is scanned. In this case, it is preferable that the gate line of the previous row is the gate line of the previous row. The potential of the pixel electrode changes depending on the signal applied to the line, and the voltage applied to the display element changes. Even if a problem occurs, the data is rewritten immediately after it, reducing the impact on the display. It is possible.

[0109] In addition, when it is necessary to arrange the pixel electrode so that it overlaps with two gate lines, The area of ​​the pixel electrode and the other gate line is larger than the area of ​​the overlapping part with one gate line. In particular, it is necessary to make the area of ​​the pixel electrode smaller than that of the pixel electrode. If the ratio of the area of ​​the gate line overlapping the pixel is less than 3%, the change in the potential of the gate line Since there is almost no effect on the electrode potential, it can be considered that there is virtually no overlap. There may be cases where this is possible.

[0110] FIG. 13A shows a pixel electrode arrangement method different from that shown in FIG. 11. The pixel 21a The pixel electrodes 32a and 33a are wirings (wires 51a, etc.) that function as gate lines. In addition, adjacent to both of these two pixel electrodes, 31a is located.

[0111] In the example shown in FIG. 13B, in the extension direction of the wiring (wiring 52a, etc.) functioning as a signal line, In two adjacent columns of pixels, the pixel electrodes 32a and 33a are interchanged. That is, in two adjacent pixels, the pixel electrodes 32a are arranged in such a manner that ... The element electrodes 33a are provided adjacent to each other.

[0112] In the above, for ease of understanding, symbols such as R, G, and B are used for each pixel electrode and pixel circuit. are used, but are not limited thereto and may be interchanged.

[0113] [Pixel layout example] An example layout of the pixel unit 20 will be described below.

[0114] 14(A) and (B) show a layout corresponding to the pixel unit 20 illustrated in FIG. FIG. 14(A) shows a configuration below the pixel electrode 31a, etc., and FIG. FIG. 14B) shows a configuration in which a pixel electrode 31a and the like are provided in addition to the configuration of FIG. 14A. In FIG. 14B, for clarity, the pixel electrodes of adjacent pixel units are shown. not present.

[0115] In FIG. 14A, the wiring 51a, wiring 51b, etc. are formed from a first conductive film. Moreover, the wiring 52a and the like are formed by a second conductive film located in a layer above the above. do.

[0116] In the subpixel 71a, the transistor 61 includes a semiconductor layer provided on the wiring 51a, The transistor 62 is made of a first conductive film. The capacitor element includes a conductive layer, a semiconductor layer on the conductive layer, and wiring 53a. The terminal 63 is configured to include a part of the wiring 53a and a conductive layer made of the first conductive film. .

[0117] In FIG. 14B, each pixel electrode is a pixel electrode of one of the sub-pixels adjacent in the extension direction of the wiring 52a, etc. For example, the pixel electrode 32a is disposed so as to overlap with the transistor in the sub-pixel 71a. The capacitor 61, the capacitor element 63, and a part of the wiring and electrodes constituting the sub-pixel 71a are overlapped. Such a configuration is particularly useful for top-emitting light-emitting devices. By arranging the circuit below the pixel electrode in this way, Even if the area occupied by the element is reduced, a large aperture ratio can be achieved.

[0118] As shown in FIG. 14B, each pixel electrode functions as a signal line such as a wiring 52a. It is preferable to arrange it so that it does not overlap with the wiring. This prevents the change in the potential of the signal line from In addition, the pixel electrode is connected to the signal line. If it is necessary to place them on top of each other, the area of ​​the overlapping area of ​​the pixel electrode should be The ratio should be 10% or less, preferably 5% or less.

[0119] In addition, when the pixel electrode overlaps with the semiconductor layer of the transistor in the adjacent subpixel, the pixel electrode A change in the potential of the transistor may cause a change in the threshold voltage. For example, in FIG. 14B, the pixel electrode 32a functions as a selection transistor for the sub-pixel 71a. The pixel electrode is disposed so as to overlap the semiconductor layer of the transistor 61. The selection transistor of the subpixel corresponding to the previous row in the direction of the pixel pitch can be provided so as to overlap with the selection transistor of the subpixel corresponding to the previous row. In this way, the target sub-pixel is selected and the potential of the pixel electrode is changed. However, the adjacent subpixels that overlap with it are in a non-selected state, and the selected transition of the adjacent subpixels The gate line of the adjacent subpixel is connected to the selection transistor of the subpixel. Since it is possible to provide a potential that reliably turns off the transistor, the threshold voltage is somewhat It is possible to drive the device so that no problems occur even if a change occurs.

[0120] 15A and 15B show a pixel unit in which the display area 22 of each sub-pixel is formed by a pair of gate electrodes. This is an example in which the wiring 51 is disposed between the wirings (wirings 51a and 51b) that function as lines. By using such an arrangement method, the signal lines in the two adjacent display areas 22 can be This can reduce the positional deviation in the extension direction of the wiring (wire 52a, etc.) that functions as a result of the wiring. In this case, the wiring 51a and the wiring 52b may not be arranged at equal intervals.

[0121] The above is a description of the configuration example of the display device.

[0122] [Cross-section example] An example of the cross-sectional configuration of the display device 10 will be described below.

[0123] [Cross-sectional configuration example 1] Fig. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the display device 10. Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting line A1- In the pixel section 11, the cross section is taken along the cutting line A2 in FIG. The cross section corresponds to B1-B2.

[0124] The display device 10 includes a first substrate 101 and a second substrate 102 bonded together by an adhesive layer 220. It has a combined configuration.

[0125] On the first substrate 101, there are provided a terminal portion 15a, a terminal portion 15b, a wiring 16a, a wiring 16b, a circuit A transistor 251 constituting the circuit 13, a transistor 252 constituting the circuit 12, and a pixel portion 11, a transistor 61, a transistor 62, a capacitance element 63, a display element 60a, etc. On the first substrate 101, an insulating layer 211, an insulating layer 212, an insulating layer 213, an insulating layer 214, a spacer 215, etc. are provided.

[0126] On the second substrate 102, an insulating layer 221, a light-shielding layer 231, a colored layer 232a, a colored layer 23 2b, structure 230a, structure 230b, etc. are provided.

[0127] A display element 60a is provided on the insulating layer 213. The display element 60a has a first electrode The pixel electrode 31 functions as a pixel electrode, an EL layer 222, and a second electrode 223. An optical adjustment layer 224a is provided between the insulating layer 214 and the EL layer 222. It is provided to cover the ends of the pixel electrodes 31 and the optical adjustment layer 224a.

[0128] In addition, in FIG. 16, a display element 60b of an adjacent subpixel is provided with a transistor 61 and the like. The display element 60b has an optical adjustment layer 224b. Here, the colored layer 232a or the colored layer 232b is formed from the display element 60a and the display element 60b. In the case where different colors are emitted through the optical adjustment layer 224a and the optical It is preferable to make the thickness of the optical adjustment layer 224b different. Alternatively, one of them is not provided. This may also be configured.

[0129] In FIG. 16, the circuit 12 and the circuit 13 include a transistor 252 and a transistor 25 1 shows a configuration in which a

[0130] The transistors included in the circuit 12, the circuit 13, and the pixel portion 11 each have the same structure. The transistors included in each of the circuit 12, the circuit 13, and the pixel portion 11 may be The circuit may have all the same structure, or may use a combination of transistors with different structures. It's fine.

[0131] In FIG. 16, the display element 60a and the display element 60b are light-emitting elements having a top emission structure. The light emitted from the display element 60a and the display element 60b is reflected by the second substrate 1. With this configuration, the light emitted from the display element 60a or the display element 60 A transistor, a capacitor, a circuit, etc. can be disposed on the lower side of b (the first substrate 101 side). Therefore, the aperture ratio of the pixel portion 11 can be increased.

[0132] The second substrate 102 has a colored layer 23 on the surface facing the first substrate 101, the colored layer 23 overlapping the display element 60a. 2a and a colored layer 232b overlapping the display element 60b. A light-shielding layer 231 may be provided in the area where the colored layer 232a and the colored layer 232b are not provided. As shown in FIG. 16, the light-shielding layer 231 is provided at a position overlapping the circuit 12 and the circuit 13. In addition, a transparent insulating film may be provided to cover the colored layer 232a, the colored layer 232b, and the light-shielding layer 231. An optical overcoat layer may be provided.

[0133] In addition, a structure 230a is provided on the second substrate 102 in an area inside the adhesive layer 220. The structure 230b is provided in the area outside the adhesive layer 220. a and the structure 230b are formed on the insulating layer 221 and the second substrate 102 at the end of the second substrate 102. If a crack occurs in the 02, etc., it has the function of suppressing the progression of the crack. The structures 230a and 230b are layers made of the same film as the light-shielding layer 231. In this example, the colored layer 232a is a laminated layer made of the same film. By using a laminated structure of two or more layers, the effect of suppressing the progression of cracks can be further improved. In this case, the structure 230a and the structure 230b are placed on either side of the adhesive layer 220. In addition, if there is no risk of cracks occurring, When the rigidity of the second substrate 102 is high, for example, the structure 230a and the structure A configuration without 230b is also possible.

[0134] The spacer 215 is disposed on the insulating layer 214. The spacer 215 is a first substrate. The gap space is controlled so that the distance between the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 does not become shorter than necessary. The spacer 215 has a function as a spacer. For example, the spacer 215 has a side surface and a side surface that are spaced apart from each other by an angle of about 90 degrees. The angle with the forming surface is preferably 45 degrees or more and 120 degrees or less, more preferably 60 degrees or more and 00 degrees or less, and more preferably, has a portion in which the angle is 75 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less. In this way, a region where the thickness of the EL layer 222 is thin is formed on the side surface of the spacer 215. Therefore, a current flows between adjacent display elements through the EL layer 222. This can suppress the phenomenon of light emission due to the flow of the liquid crystal. In some cases, the distance between adjacent display elements becomes smaller, so that spacers of this shape It is particularly effective to provide the light emitting diode 215 between the display elements.

[0135] The spacer 215 overlaps the wiring (for example, the wiring 52 and the wiring 53) that crosses the gate line. It is preferable that the first and second electrodes are arranged in a twisted manner.

[0136] The display device 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention uses a color filter system. 32a or the colored layer 232b, any one of R (red), G (green), and B (blue) Alternatively, one color may be expressed by pixels of three colors to which the above-mentioned methods are applied. In addition, by applying W (white) and Y (yellow) pixels, power consumption can be reduced. This is preferable.

[0137] In the display element 60a, a microcavity is formed by the colored layer 232a and the optical adjustment layer 224a. By combining the T-type structures, light with high color purity can be obtained from the display device 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The thickness of the optical adjustment layer 224a can be set to a different thickness according to the color of each subpixel. Further, some sub-pixels may not have an optical adjustment layer.

[0138] In addition, an EL layer that emits white light is applied as the EL layer 222 of the display element 60a. By applying such a display element 60a, the EL layer 222 is provided in each subpixel. Since there is no need to paint the pixels separately, costs can be reduced and yields can be improved. In addition, by providing optical adjustment layers of different thicknesses for each subpixel, It is possible to extract light of a wavelength suitable for the sub-pixel, and to improve color purity. The EL layer 222 may be painted separately for each subpixel. In this case, Either the layer or the colored layer, or both of them may be omitted. In each subpixel, at least the light-emitting layer of the EL layer 222 is formed by coating, and the other layers are It may be formed without applying different colors.

[0139] In FIG. 16, an FPC 241 electrically connected to the terminal portion 15a and an FPC 242 electrically connected to the terminal portion 15b are shown. 16 shows an example in which an FPC 242 is provided to connect to the The display device 10 can also be called a display module. The display device in this state may also be called a display panel.

[0140] The terminal portion 15a is electrically connected to the FPC 241 via the connection layer 243. Similarly, 15 b is electrically connected to the FPC 242 via a connection layer 243 .

[0141] In FIG. 16, the terminal portion 15a is a conductor formed of the same conductive film as the wiring 16a and the pixel electrode 31. Similarly, the terminal portion 15b is also connected to the wiring 16b. In this manner, the terminal portion 15a and the terminal portion 15b are laminated. By stacking multiple conductive layers, not only is electrical resistance reduced, but mechanical strength is also improved. This is preferable because it can increase the degree of

[0142] The connection layer 243 is an anisotropic conductive film (ACF). Conductive Film) and Anisotropic Conductive Paste (ACP) c Conductive Paste) can be used.

[0143] In Figure 16, the COF (Chip On Film) method is used on the FPC241. The figure shows an example in which an IC 244 is mounted. The IC 244 may be, for example, a source driver circuit. An IC that functions as the above can be used.

[0144] The insulating layers 211 and 221 are made of a material that is difficult for impurities such as water and hydrogen to diffuse into. In other words, it is preferable that the insulating layer 211 and the insulating layer 221 function as a barrier film. With such a configuration, the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 can be Even if a material having moisture permeability is used, the display element 60a and the transistors may be exposed to the outside. This effectively prevents impurities from entering through the display, resulting in a highly reliable display device. This makes it possible to realize this position.

[0145] In FIG. 16, a hollow seal having a space 250 between a first substrate 101 and a second substrate 102 is shown. For example, the space 250 is filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon. The sealing method is not limited to this, and solid sealing may be used. stomach.

[0146] [Variation 1] FIG. 17 shows an example in which the transistor configuration is different.

[0147] The transistors 62, 251, and 252 are provided with second gates. A conductive layer 253 is provided to function as an electrode. This shows an example in which a conductor layer is sandwiched between two gate electrodes. Compared to other transistors, the field effect mobility of the transistor can be increased, and the on-state current As a result, it is possible to fabricate circuits capable of high-speed operation. Furthermore, it is possible to reduce the area occupied by the circuit section. By applying the capacitor, the number of wirings increases when the display device is made larger or has higher resolution. Even if the signal delay in each wiring is small, it is possible to reduce the unevenness of the display. is possible.

[0148] [Cross-sectional configuration example 2] FIG. 18 shows a configuration example of a display device suitable for use when the pixel section 11 is folded.

[0149] In the display device 10 shown in FIG. 18, a first substrate 101 and a second substrate 102 are sealed with a sealing material 260. Therefore, the sealing material 260 is bonded to the substrate 20 to form a solid sealing structure. PVC (polyvinyl chloride) resin, acrylic resin, polyimide resin, epoxy resin Grease, silicone resin, PVB (polyvinyl butyral) resin, EVA (ethylene vinyl acetone) Resins such as tetraethylamine resins can be used. In addition, the resin may contain a desiccant. good.

[0150] Also, the first substrate 101 has an adhesive layer 261 on it, and an insulating layer 216 on it. Transistors, display elements, etc. are provided on the insulating layer 216. As with the insulating layer 221, a material that is difficult for impurities such as water and hydrogen to diffuse can be used. can.

[0151] In addition, an adhesive layer 262 is provided between the second substrate 102 and the insulating layer 221 .

[0152] As shown in FIG. 18, the insulating layer 213 is formed on the pixel portion 11, the circuit 12, and the circuit 13. An opening is provided on the outer periphery of the first substrate 101. For example, the insulating layer 213 may be When a resin material is used, an opening is provided to surround the pixel portion 11, the circuit 12, the circuit 13, etc. With such a configuration, the vicinity of the side surface of the insulating layer 213 that is in contact with the outside is preferably Since the pixel portion 11, the circuit 12, the circuit 13, and the like are not continuous, the pixel portion 11 is insulated from the outside. The diffusion of impurities such as water and hydrogen through the edge layer 213 can be suppressed.

[0153] As shown in FIG. 18, a solid sealing structure is formed between the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102. Therefore, it is easy to keep the distance between the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 1 A flexible substrate can be suitably used as the pixel portion 11. For example, the display device 10 can be attached to a curved surface. By folding the pixel part of the display device 10, it is possible to realize electronic devices of various shapes. It can be achieved.

[0154] The above is a description of the modified example.

[0155] [About each component] Each of the above components will be described below.

[0156] A material having a flat surface can be used for the substrate of the display device. The substrate from which the light is extracted is made of a material that transmits the light. For example, glass, quartz, ceramic, etc. Materials such as tantalum, sapphire, and organic resins can be used.

[0157] By using a thin substrate, the display device can be made lighter and thinner. In addition, by using a substrate with a thickness that allows flexibility, a flexible display device can be realized. Cut.

[0158] Examples of glass include non-alkali glass, barium borosilicate glass, and aluminophore glass. Usable materials include silicate glass.

[0159] Examples of materials having flexibility and transparency to visible light include materials having flexibility. Thickness of glass, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate Polyester resins such as (PEN), polyacrylonitrile resins, polyimide resins, methacrylate resin, polycarbonate (PC) resin, polyethersulfone (PE S) Resin, polyamide resin, cycloolefin resin, polystyrene resin, polyamide imide resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) resin, etc. In particular, it is preferable to use a material with a low thermal expansion coefficient, such as polyamide-imide. Resin, polyimide resin, PET, etc. can be suitably used. Uses substrates impregnated with resin or substrates with inorganic fillers mixed into organic resin to reduce the coefficient of thermal expansion Since the substrate using such a material is light in weight, the surface using the substrate can be The display device can also be made lightweight.

[0160] In addition, the substrate on the side from which light is not extracted does not need to have light-transmitting properties. In addition to the above substrate, a metal substrate using a metal material or an alloy material can also be used. The thermal conductivity of these materials and alloys is high, and heat is easily conducted to the entire substrate, so that localized In order to obtain flexibility and bendability, it is preferable to use a metal base. The thickness of the plate is preferably 10 μm or more and 200 μm or less, and more preferably 20 μm or more and 50 μm or less. It is more preferable that

[0161] The material constituting the metal substrate is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include aluminum, copper, and nickel. Nickel, or an alloy of metals such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel is preferably used. This can be done.

[0162] In addition, the surface of a conductive substrate can be oxidized or an insulating film can be formed on the surface to provide an insulating film. A substrate that has been subjected to a treatment may be used. For example, a coating method such as a spin coating method or a dip method may be used. The insulating film may be formed by using an electrodeposition method, a vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, or the like. In addition to leaving it in an atmosphere or heating it, an oxide film is formed on the surface of the substrate by anodizing or other methods. It may be possible to do so.

[0163] As for the flexible substrate, the layer using the above-mentioned material protects the surface of the display device from scratches, etc. Hard coat layers (e.g., silicon nitride layers, etc.) and layers of materials that can disperse pressure (e.g., The light-emitting layer may be laminated with a layer of a polyester resin, an aramid resin layer, etc. In order to prevent the deterioration of the element's lifespan, etc., nitrogen and silicon nitride films, etc. Low water permeability films such as films containing silicon and films containing nitrogen and aluminum, such as aluminum nitride films An insulating film may be provided.

[0164] The substrate may be formed by laminating a plurality of layers. In particular, the substrate may have a glass layer. By this, the barrier properties against water and oxygen can be improved, and a highly reliable display device can be obtained.

[0165] For example, a substrate having a glass layer, an adhesive layer, and an organic resin layer laminated thereon from the side closer to the light emitting element is used. The thickness of the glass layer is preferably 20 μm or more and 200 μm or less. The thickness of the glass layer is 25 μm or more and 100 μm or less. It is possible to simultaneously achieve high barrier properties and flexibility. The thickness of the organic resin layer is 10 μm. The thickness of such an organic resin is set to be 200 μm or more, and preferably 20 μm or more and 50 μm or less. By providing the layer on the outside of the glass layer, it is possible to suppress breakage and cracks in the glass layer and to improve mechanical properties. The composite material of such glass material and organic resin can be used as a substrate to improve the mechanical strength. By applying this, a highly reliable and flexible display device can be obtained.

[0166] The transistor of the display device 10 includes a conductive layer functioning as a gate electrode and a semiconductor layer a conductive layer serving as a source electrode, a conductive layer serving as a drain electrode, and a gate FIG. 16 shows a bottom gate transistor. The figure shows the case where the .DELTA. is applied.

[0167] Note that the structure of a transistor included in a display device of one embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, a staggered transistor or an inverted staggered transistor may be used. In addition, the transistor may have either a top-gate type or a bottom-gate type structure. The semiconductor material used for the transistor is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, an oxide semiconductor, silicon, Germanium and the like.

[0168] The crystallinity of the semiconductor material used in the transistor is not particularly limited. A semiconductor having crystallinity (a microcrystalline semiconductor, a polycrystalline semiconductor, a single crystal semiconductor, or a semiconductor having a partially crystalline region) If a semiconductor having crystallinity is used, the This is preferable because it is possible to suppress deterioration of the resistor characteristics.

[0169] In addition, the semiconductor materials used in the transistors include, for example, group 14 elements and compound semiconductors. A semiconductor layer can be made of a silicon or oxide semiconductor. For example, a semiconductor containing gallium arsenide or an oxide semiconductor containing indium can be used.

[0170] In particular, an oxide semiconductor can be used as a semiconductor in which a channel of a transistor is formed. It is particularly preferable to use an oxide semiconductor having a larger band gap than silicon. A semiconductor material with a wider band gap and lower carrier density than silicon is preferable. The use of such a compound is preferable because it can reduce the current in the off state of the transistor.

[0171] For example, the oxide semiconductor may contain at least indium (In) or zinc (Zn It is preferable that the oxide contains In-M-Zn (wherein M is Al, Ti, Metals such as Ga, Ge, Y, Zr, Sn, La, Ce or Hf) are included. nothing.

[0172] In particular, the semiconductor layer has a plurality of crystal parts, and the crystal parts have a c-axis aligned with a surface on which the semiconductor layer is formed. or oriented approximately perpendicular to the upper surface of the semiconductor layer and having no grain boundary between adjacent crystal portions. It is preferable to use an oxide semiconductor film having no insulating properties.

[0173] Such an oxide semiconductor does not have crystal grain boundaries, so that when the display panel is curved, The occurrence of cracks in the oxide semiconductor film due to stress is suppressed. Such oxide semiconductors are used in display panels and touch panels that are flexible and can be curved when used. A conductor can be preferably used.

[0174] In addition, since the oxide semiconductor having such a structure has high etching resistance, it is suitable for use in, for example, This has the advantage that the etching rate selectivity can be made high with respect to the conductive film, etc. By using an oxide semiconductor having such a structure, a channel-etched transistor can be realized. The channel etch type transistor is easier to form than the channel protection type. Compared to transistors, the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced and the area occupied can be reduced. Therefore, it can be said that it is more suitable for high definition.

[0175] In addition, by using such an oxide semiconductor as the semiconductor layer, the fluctuation of the electrical characteristics is suppressed. This makes it possible to realize a highly reliable transistor.

[0176] In addition, due to its low off-state current, the charge stored in the capacitance through the transistor can be released for a long period of time. By applying such a transistor to a pixel, It is also possible to stop the driving circuit while maintaining the grayscale of the image displayed in the display area. As a result, a display device with extremely reduced power consumption can be realized.

[0177] In order to stabilize the characteristics of the transistor, it is preferable to provide an undercoat film. , silicon oxide film, silicon nitride film, silicon oxynitride film, silicon nitride oxide film, etc. The base film can be formed by a single layer or a multilayer structure using an organic insulating film. , CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) method (Plasma CVD method, thermal CVD method, MOCVD (Metal Organic CVD) method, etc.), ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition), coating, printing, etc. It should be noted that the undercoat film does not have to be provided if it is not necessary.

[0178] Alternatively, silicon is preferably used as a semiconductor in which a channel of a transistor is formed. Although amorphous silicon may be used as silicon, silicon having crystallinity is particularly preferred. It is preferable to use silicon. For example, microcrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, single crystal silicon, etc. In particular, polycrystalline silicon has a lower temperature than single crystal silicon. It has high field effect mobility and high reliability compared to amorphous silicon. By applying such a polycrystalline semiconductor to the pixels, the aperture ratio of the pixels can be improved. Even when the pixels are extremely fine, the gate drive circuit and the source drive circuit can be This makes it possible to form the circuits and pixels on the same substrate, reducing the number of parts that make up electronic devices. It is possible.

[0179] In addition to the gate, source, and drain of the transistor, the various wiring that makes up the touch panel Materials that can be used for conductive layers such as wires and electrodes include aluminum, titanium, Chromium, nickel, copper, yttrium, zirconium, molybdenum, silver, tantalum, The material is a single-layer or multi-layer structure made of metal such as tungsten or an alloy that contains this metal as its main component. For example, a single layer structure of aluminum film containing silicon, aluminum on titanium film, A two-layer structure in which an aluminum film is laminated on a tungsten film; a two-layer structure in which an aluminum film is laminated on a tungsten film; - Two-layer structure with copper film laminated on magnesium-aluminum alloy film, copper film laminated on titanium film Two-layer structure with copper film laminated on tungsten film, two-layer structure with titanium film or titanium nitride film laminated on tungsten film A titanium film and an aluminum film or a copper film are laminated on the titanium film or the titanium nitride film. A three-layer structure is formed by forming a titanium film or titanium nitride film on the top of the molybdenum film or The molybdenum nitride film is laminated with an aluminum film on the molybdenum film or the molybdenum nitride film. A molybdenum film or a copper film is laminated on the copper film, and a molybdenum film or a molybdenum nitride film is further formed on the copper film. Transparent conductive materials containing indium oxide, tin oxide, or zinc oxide are also used. In addition, when copper containing manganese is used, the shape can be easily controlled by etching. This is preferable because it increases the

[0180] Examples of the conductive material having a light-transmitting property include indium oxide, indium tin oxide, and indium tin oxide. Conductive oxides such as indium zinc oxide, zinc oxide, zinc oxide doped with gallium, or Graphene can be used. Alternatively, gold, silver, platinum, magnesium, nickel, tin, etc. such as tin, chromium, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, copper, palladium, or titanium. Metallic materials and alloy materials containing the metallic materials can be used. Alternatively, a metal material, an alloy material (or a combination thereof) may be used. In the case of using these nitrides, it is sufficient to make them thin enough to have light transmission. A laminated film of a material can be used as the conductive layer. For example, a silver-magnesium alloy and an insulator can be used. It is preferable to use a laminated film of dilute tin oxide or the like, since the electrical conductivity can be increased.

[0181] Examples of insulating materials that can be used for the insulating layers, the spacer 215, etc. include acrylic. In addition to resins such as epoxy and resins with siloxane bonds, silicon oxide and silicon oxynitride are also available. It uses inorganic insulating materials such as silicon, silicon oxynitride, silicon nitride, and aluminum oxide. It is also possible.

[0182] As described above, the light emitting element is provided between a pair of insulating films having low water permeability. This makes it possible to prevent impurities such as water from entering the light emitting element, and thus the light emitting device This can suppress the deterioration of reliability.

[0183] Insulating films with low water permeability include silicon nitride films and silicon oxynitride films, which are made of nitrogen and silicon. and films containing nitrogen and aluminum, such as an aluminum nitride film. A silicon oxide film, a silicon oxynitride film, an aluminum oxide film, or the like may also be used.

[0184] For example, the water vapor permeability of a low-permeability insulating film is 1×10 -5 [g / (m 2 ·day) ] or less, preferably 1 × 10 -6 [g / (m 2 ·day)] or less, preferably 1×1 0 -7 [g / (m 2 ·day)] or less, and more preferably 1×10 -8 [g / (m 2 d ay)] below.

[0185] The adhesive layer or sealing layer may be a photo-curable adhesive such as an ultraviolet-curable adhesive, a reaction-curable adhesive, or a heat-curable adhesive. Various curing adhesives such as curable adhesives and anaerobic adhesives can be used. Examples of resins include epoxy resins, acrylic resins, silicone resins, phenolic resins, and polyimide resins. Fat, imide resin, PVC (polyvinyl chloride) resin, PVB (polyvinyl butyral) Resins, EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) resins, etc. In particular, epoxy resins, etc. A material with low moisture permeability is preferable. A two-part mixed resin may also be used. A card or the like may also be used.

[0186] The resin may contain a desiccant. For example, an oxide of an alkaline earth metal (an acid The material used is one that adsorbs moisture by chemical adsorption, such as calcium chloride or barium oxide. Alternatively, materials such as zeolite and silica gel can absorb water by physical adsorption. If a desiccant is included, impurities such as moisture can be prevented from adsorbing to the functional element. This is preferable because it is possible to suppress the intrusion of foreign matter and improve the reliability of the light emitting device.

[0187] In addition, by mixing a filler having a high refractive index or a light scattering material into the resin, a light emitting element can be formed. For example, titanium oxide, barium oxide, Zeolite, zirconium, etc. can be used.

[0188] The light-emitting element may be a self-emitting element that is illuminated by a current or a voltage. The category includes devices whose light intensity can be controlled. For example, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), organic An EL element, an inorganic EL element, etc. can be used.

[0189] The light-emitting elements are top emission type, bottom emission type, and dual emission type. The electrode on the light extraction side is made of a conductive film that transmits visible light. In addition, it is preferable to use a conductive film that reflects visible light for the electrode on the side from which light is not extracted. stomach.

[0190] The EL layer 222 has at least a light-emitting layer. The EL layer 222 has the following layers other than the light-emitting layer: Materials with high hole injection properties, materials with high hole transport properties, hole blocking materials, materials with high electron transport properties A material with high electron injection properties or a bipolar material (high electron transport and hole transport properties) The layer may further include a layer containing a material such as a metal.

[0191] The EL layer 222 can be made of either a low molecular weight compound or a high molecular weight compound. The layers constituting the EL layer 222 may each be formed by deposition (vacuum deposition). It can be formed by methods such as the transfer method, printing method, inkjet method, coating method, etc. Cut.

[0192] The conductive film that transmits visible light is, for example, indium oxide or indium tin oxide (ITO). Indium Tin Oxide, Indium Zinc Oxide, Zinc Oxide, Gallium-doped It can be formed using zinc oxide with added metals. It can also be formed using gold, silver, platinum, magnesium , nickel, tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, copper, palladium, if Metallic materials such as titanium, alloys containing these metallic materials, or nitrides of these metallic materials (e.g. For example, titanium nitride can be used by forming it thin enough to have light transmission properties. A laminated film of the above materials can also be used as the conductive layer. For example, a layer of silver and magnesium It is preferable to use a laminated film of an alloy of tungsten and ITO, since the electrical conductivity can be increased. Graphene or the like may also be used.

[0193] The conductive film that reflects visible light is made of, for example, aluminum, gold, platinum, silver, nickel, tungsten, etc. Metallic materials such as stainless steel, chromium, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, copper, or palladium, or In addition, the above-mentioned metal materials and alloys may be used. Tungsten, neodymium, germanium, etc. may be added. Aluminum alloys such as tungsten alloys, aluminum-nickel alloys, and aluminum-neodymium alloys Alloys containing palladium (aluminum alloys), silver and copper alloys, silver, palladium and copper alloys, It can be formed using an alloy containing silver, such as an alloy of silver and magnesium. The alloy is preferable because of its high heat resistance. By laminating the metal oxide film, the oxidation of the aluminum alloy film can be suppressed. Examples of materials for the metal film and metal oxide film include titanium and titanium oxide. A conductive film that transmits visible light and a film made of a metal material may be laminated. For example, silver and ITO A laminated film of an alloy of silver and magnesium and ITO, or the like can be used.

[0194] The electrodes may be formed by vapor deposition or sputtering. The shape is created using a discharge method such as the ink jet method, a printing method such as the screen printing method, or a plating method. It can be achieved.

[0195] When a voltage higher than the threshold voltage of the light-emitting element is applied between the cathode and anode, the EL layer is charged from the anode side. Holes are injected from the cathode side, and electrons are injected from the cathode side. The injected electrons and holes are These molecules recombine and the luminescent material contained in the EL layer emits light.

[0196] When a white-emitting light-emitting element is used as the light-emitting element, two or more types of light-emitting elements are used in the EL layer. For example, the light emitted by two or more luminescent materials may be of complementary colors. By selecting a light-emitting material so as to satisfy the above relationship, white light can be obtained. For example, Luminescent substances that emit light of R (red), G (green), B (blue), Y (yellow), O (orange), etc. Or, among luminescent materials that emit light containing two or more of the spectral components of R, G, and B, It is preferable that the spectrum of the light emitted from the light emitting element is in the visible light region. A light emitting element having two or more peaks within a wavelength range (e.g., 350 nm to 750 nm) is used. It is preferable to use a material having a peak in the yellow wavelength region. Preferably, the material has spectral components in the green and red wavelength regions as well.

[0197] More preferably, the EL layer is a layer including a light-emitting material that emits light of one color and a layer including a light-emitting material that emits light of another color. It is preferable that the EL layer has a laminated structure with a light-emitting layer containing a light-emitting material. The light-emitting layers in the light-emitting device may be laminated in contact with each other or may be laminated with a separating layer interposed therebetween. For example, a separation layer may be provided between the fluorescent light-emitting layer and the phosphorescent light-emitting layer. stomach.

[0198] The separation layer is configured to convert the excited state of a phosphorescent material generated in the phosphorescent-emitting layer into the fluorescent material in the fluorescent-emitting layer. Preventing energy transfer (especially triplet energy transfer) to optical materials via the Dexter mechanism The separation layer only needs to be a few nm thick. Specifically, it is 0. 1nm to 20nm, or 1nm to 10nm, or 1nm to 5nm The separation layer may be a single material (preferably a bipolar material) or a plurality of materials. (preferably a hole transporting material and an electron transporting material).

[0199] The separation layer may be formed using a material contained in the light-emitting layer that is in contact with the separation layer. This makes it easier to fabricate the light-emitting device and reduces the driving voltage. When the separation layer is made of a host material, an assist material, and a phosphorescent material (guest material), The separation layer may be formed of a host material and an assist material. The phosphorescent layer has a region that does not contain the material, and the phosphorescent layer has a region that contains the phosphorescent material. It is possible to deposit the separation layer and the phosphorescent layer with or without the phosphorescent material. This configuration makes it possible to form the separation layer and the phosphorescent layer in the same chamber. This makes it possible to reduce manufacturing costs.

[0200] The light-emitting element may be a single element having one EL layer, or a light-emitting element having multiple EL layers. and a charge generating layer interposed therebetween to form a tandem element.

[0201] Materials that can be used for the light-shielding layer 231 include carbon black, metal oxides, and composites. and composite oxides including solid solutions of several metal oxides.

[0202] Materials that can be used for the colored layer 232a, etc. include metal materials, resin materials, pigments, or Examples of the material include resin materials containing dyes.

[0203] [Example of manufacturing method] Here, a method for manufacturing a flexible display device will be described.

[0204] For the sake of convenience, the components including pixels and circuits and the components including optical members such as color filters are referred to as elements. The element layer includes, for example, a display element, and in addition to the display element, The pixel may include wiring for connecting the pixel to another pixel, and elements such as transistors used in the circuits.

[0205] In addition, a support (e.g., a first substrate 101) having an insulating surface on which an element layer is to be formed is used. Alternatively, the second substrate 102) will be referred to as the substrate.

[0206] As a method for forming an element layer on a substrate having a flexible insulating surface, A method for forming a contact layer, and a method for forming the contact layer on a rigid support substrate and then bonding the contact layer to the support substrate. and a method of peeling off the carrier and transferring the element layer onto the substrate.

[0207] If the material constituting the substrate is heat resistant to the heat applied in the process of forming the element layer, It is preferable to form the element layer directly on the substrate, since this simplifies the process. When the element layer is formed in a state where the substrate is fixed to the support substrate, the substrate can be easily transported within and between devices. This is preferable because it makes things easier.

[0208] In addition, when a method is used in which an element layer is formed on a supporting base material and then transferred to a substrate, the supporting base material is first A release layer and an insulating layer are laminated on the support substrate, and an element layer is formed on the insulating layer. The support base material and the element layer are peeled off and transferred to a substrate. Materials may be selected such that release occurs at the interface of the edge layer or in the release layer.

[0209] For example, a layer containing a high melting point metal material such as tungsten as a peeling layer and an oxide layer of the metal material A layer containing a material is laminated, and silicon nitride or silicon oxynitride is used as an insulating layer on the peeling layer. It is preferable to use a multi-layer laminate. When a high melting point metal material is used, the element layer forming process This is preferable because it increases the degree of freedom.

[0210] Peeling can be achieved by applying mechanical force, etching the peeling layer, or by delaminating the peeling interface. The peeling may be performed by dropping a liquid on a portion of the surface and allowing it to penetrate into the entire peeling interface. Alternatively, the peeling may be performed by applying heat to the peeling interface, utilizing the difference in thermal expansion.

[0211] In addition, when peeling is possible at the interface between the support substrate and the insulating layer, it is not necessary to provide a peeling layer. For example, glass is used as the support substrate, and an organic resin such as polyimide is used as the insulating layer. A part of the organic resin is locally heated using a laser beam or the like to form a peeling starting point. The separation may be performed at the interface between the glass and the insulating layer. Providing a metal layer between the edge layers and heating the metal layer by passing an electric current through the metal layer. Alternatively, the metal layer and the insulating layer may be peeled off at the interface by the above-mentioned method. A layer of a material that absorbs light (metal, semiconductor, insulator, etc.) is provided between the insulating layers. The layer may be irradiated with light such as laser light to locally heat it, thereby forming a starting point for peeling. In the method described here, an insulating layer made of an organic resin can be used as a substrate. .

[0212] Examples of flexible substrates include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly Polyester resins such as ethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyacrylonitrile resins, Polyimide resin, polymethyl methacrylate resin, polycarbonate (PC) resin, polyethylene Polyethersulfone (PES) resin, polyamide resin, cycloolefin resin, polystyrene Resins, polyamide-imide resins, polyvinyl chloride resins, etc. are examples. In particular, It is preferable to use a material with a low thermal expansion coefficient, for example, 30×10 -6 / K or less Polyamide-imide resin, polyimide resin, PET, etc. can be suitably used. Substrates made of resin-impregnated fibers (also called prepregs) and inorganic fillers mixed with organic resins It is also possible to use a substrate having a reduced thermal expansion coefficient.

[0213] When the above-mentioned materials contain fibrous bodies, the fibrous bodies are made of high strength organic or inorganic compounds. High strength fibers are specifically fibers with high tensile modulus or Young's modulus. Representative examples are polyvinyl alcohol fibers, polyester fibers, and polyvinyl alcohol fibers. Mid fiber, polyethylene fiber, aramid fiber, polyparaphenylene benzobisoxy Examples of the fiberglass include Sasol fiber, glass fiber, and carbon fiber. Examples of glass fibers include those made of glass fiber such as sappan, S-glass, D-glass, and Q-glass. Alternatively, it is used in the form of a nonwoven fabric, and the structure in which the fiber body is impregnated with resin and the resin is hardened is made flexible. As a substrate having flexibility, a substrate made of a fiber body and a resin may be used. The use of a structure is preferable because it improves reliability against damage caused by bending or local pressure. stomach.

[0214] Alternatively, glass, metal, or the like that is thin enough to be flexible may be used for the substrate. Alternatively, a composite material in which glass and a resin material are bonded together may be used.

[0215] For example, in the case of the configuration shown in FIG. 18, a first release layer and an insulating layer 216 are formed on a first support base material. After forming them in order, the upper layer structure is formed. After forming the second release layer and the insulating layer 221 in this order on the base material, the structure above them is formed. Next, the first supporting base material and the second supporting base material are bonded together with a sealing material 260. Thereafter, the second release layer is peeled off at the interface between the second release layer and the insulating layer 221 to form the second support base material and the second The release layer is removed, and the insulating layer 221 and the second substrate 102 are bonded together with the adhesive layer 262 . In addition, the first release layer is peeled off at the interface between the first release layer and the insulating layer 216, so that the first support base material and the first The release layer is removed, and the insulating layer 216 and the first substrate 101 are bonded together with the adhesive layer 261 . The peeling and bonding may be performed on either side first.

[0216] The above is a description of the method for manufacturing a flexible display device.

[0217] The above is a description of each component.

[0218] In this embodiment, a light-emitting element is used as a display element. The embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0219] For example, in this specification, a display element, a display device which is a device having a display element, or Display panels, light-emitting elements, and light-emitting devices having light-emitting elements can be used in various forms. A display element, a display device, a display panel, a light-emitting element, The element or light-emitting device may be, for example, an EL (electroluminescence) element (organic and inorganic EL elements, organic EL elements, inorganic EL elements), LEDs (white LEDs, red LEDs, green LEDs (color LEDs, blue LEDs, etc.), transistors (transistors that emit light according to the current), Emission element, liquid crystal element, electronic ink, electrophoretic element, grating light valve (GL V), plasma displays (PDP), MEMS (microelectromechanical Display elements using digital micromirror devices (DMDs), DMSs ( Digital Micro Shutter), MIRASOL (registered trademark), IMOD (Inter Fairness modulation element, shutter-type MEMS display element, optical interference method MEMS display elements, electrowetting elements, piezoelectric ceramic displays, In addition, the display device may include at least one of the following: However, the contrast, brightness, reflectance, transmittance, etc., change due to electrical or magnetic effects. An example of a display device using an EL element is an EL display. An example of a display device using electron emission elements is the field emission type. Flat-panel display (FED) or SED type flat panel display (SED: Surface e-conduction Electron-emitter Display) etc. An example of a display device using a liquid crystal element is a liquid crystal display (transmissive liquid crystal display). Spray, semi-transmissive LCD, reflective LCD, direct-view LCD (e.g., projection type liquid crystal display). Electronic ink, electronic liquid powder (registered trademark), or An example of a display device using electrophoretic elements is electronic paper. When realizing a liquid crystal display or a reflective liquid crystal display, a part of the pixel electrode or For example, a part of the pixel electrode may be made to function as a reflective electrode. Or, the entirety of the substrate may be made of aluminum, silver, etc. In this case, it is possible to provide a memory circuit such as an SRAM under the reflective electrode. Furthermore, power consumption can be reduced. When using LEDs, the electrodes and Graphene or graphite may be disposed under the nitride semiconductor. In this way, graphene and graphene can be used as a multilayer film. By providing the nitride semiconductor, a nitride semiconductor, for example, a crystal-type n-type GaN semiconductor, can be formed on the nitride semiconductor. Conductive layers can be easily formed on the substrate. By providing a semiconductor layer, an LED can be constructed. An AlN layer may be provided between the LE and the n-type GaN semiconductor layer having crystals. The GaN semiconductor layer of D may be formed by MOCVD. This means that the GaN semiconductor layer of the LED can be formed by sputtering. do.

[0220] One embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the pixel is two or more A pixel may have two or more sub-pixels, and two or more gate lines may be electrically connected to the pixel. In the above example, a different gate line is connected to each of the sub-pixels. One embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the pixel may have a plurality of sub-pixels each having the following: The same gate line may be connected.

[0221] This embodiment may be combined, at least in part, with other embodiments described in this specification. It can be implemented in combination.

[0222] (Embodiment 2) In this embodiment, a touch panel according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0223] [Configuration example] FIG. 19(A) is a perspective view of the touch panel 505. FIG. 19(B) is a perspective view of the touch panel 505. FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded perspective view of the device shown in FIG. 2. For clarity, only representative components are shown. do.

[0224] The touch panel 505 includes a display device 10 and a substrate 590 on which a touch sensor 595 is provided. has.

[0225] The configuration of the display device 10 can be the same as that of the first embodiment. As an example, the FPC 509(1), the terminal portion 519, the wiring 511, the circuit 503s, etc. It shows.

[0226] The substrate 590 includes a touch sensor 595 and a plurality of electrodes electrically connected to the touch sensor 595. The wiring 598 is arranged around the periphery of the substrate 590. The part functions as a terminal. The terminal is electrically connected to the FPC509(2). In FIG. 19B, for clarity, the substrate 590 is provided on the rear side (substrate 101 side). Electrodes, wiring, etc. of the touch sensor 595 are indicated by solid lines.

[0227] As the touch sensor 595, for example, a capacitive touch sensor can be used. The capacitance type includes a surface type capacitance type and a projected type capacitance type.

[0228] The projected capacitive type is classified into self-capacitance type, mutual capacitance type, etc., mainly based on the difference in the driving method. The mutual capacitance method is preferable because it enables simultaneous multi-point detection.

[0229] In the following, a case where a projected capacitive touch sensor is applied will be described.

[0230] In addition, there are various sensors that can detect the proximity or contact of a detection target such as a finger or stylus. A censor may be applied.

[0231] The projected capacitive touch sensor 595 has an electrode 591 and an electrode 592. 591 is electrically connected to one of the multiple wirings 598, and the electrode 592 is connected to the multiple wirings 598. The other of the two is electrically connected to the other of the two.

[0232] As shown in FIGS. 19(A) and 19(B), the electrodes 592 are arranged in a single direction. The shape is such that two quadrilaterals are connected at their corners.

[0233] The electrode 591 is quadrilateral and is repeatedly arranged in a direction intersecting the direction in which the electrodes 592 extend. It has been done.

[0234] The wiring 594 electrically connects the two electrodes 591 that sandwich the electrode 592. It is preferable that the area of ​​the intersection between the pole 592 and the wiring 594 be as small as possible. This reduces the area of ​​the region where no electrodes are provided, and reduces unevenness in transmittance. As a result, unevenness in the brightness of the light passing through the touch sensor 595 can be reduced.

[0235] The shapes of the electrodes 591 and 592 are not limited to this, and may take various shapes. For example, multiple electrodes 591 are arranged with as few gaps as possible, and the electrodes 591 are connected to each other via an insulating layer. 92 may be provided at intervals so that there is an area that does not overlap with the electrode 591. At this time, a dummy electrode that is electrically insulated from the two adjacent electrodes 592 is placed between the adjacent electrodes 592. Providing an electrode is preferable because it makes it possible to reduce the area of ​​the region with different transmittance.

[0236] The touch sensor 595 includes a substrate 590, electrodes 591 arranged in a staggered pattern on the substrate 590, and and an insulating layer covering the electrodes 591 and 592, and a layer connecting the adjacent electrodes 591 to each other. It is provided with wiring 594 for electrical connection.

[0237] The adhesive layer 597 is formed on the substrate 590 so that the touch sensor 595 overlaps the display unit 501. It is pasted onto board 570.

[0238] The electrode 591 and the electrode 592 are formed using a light-transmitting conductive material. The conductive materials that can be used are indium oxide, indium tin oxide, and indium zinc oxide. Conductive oxides such as zinc oxide and zinc oxide doped with gallium can be used. A film containing graphene may also be used. The film containing graphene may be formed, for example, in a film shape. The graphene oxide-containing film can be reduced to form the film. The method for removing the resin from the resin can be, for example, a method of applying heat.

[0239] In addition, the electrodes 591 and 592 are each formed in a mesh shape, and the openings of the mesh In this case, the electrodes 591 and 592 may be disposed so as to overlap each other. For this purpose, materials such as metals and alloys having low electrical conductivity can be used.

[0240] In addition, the conductive films such as the electrodes 591 and 592, that is, the wiring constituting the touch panel As a material that can be used for the electrodes, for example, a material with a low resistance value is preferable. Silver, copper, aluminum, carbon nanotubes, graphene, metal halides (halides) Furthermore, very thin particles (e.g., a diameter of several nanometers) may be used. (e) A metal nanowire may be used, such as one made of multiple conductors. Alternatively, a metal mesh made of a conductor may be used. For example, Ag nanowires or , Cu nanowires, Al nanowires, Ag mesh, Cu mesh, Al mesh, etc. In the case of Ag nanowires, the light transmittance is 89% or more and the sheet resistance is 40 or more. It is possible to achieve a resistance of 100 Ω / □ or less. In addition, because of its high transmittance, it is suitable for use in display elements. For example, the pixel electrode and the common electrode are made of metal nanowires, metal meshes, carbon nanotubes, etc. Tubes, graphene, etc. may also be used.

[0241] One electrode 592 extends in one direction, and multiple electrodes 592 are provided in a stripe pattern. .

[0242] The wiring 594 is provided so as to intersect with the electrodes 592 .

[0243] A pair of electrodes 591 are provided with one electrode 592 sandwiched therebetween, and wiring 594 is connected to the pair of electrodes 591 are electrically connected.

[0244] The multiple electrodes 591 do not necessarily have to be arranged in a direction perpendicular to one electrode 592. However, the angle between the first and second electrodes may be less than 90 degrees.

[0245] One of the wirings 598 is electrically connected to the electrode 591 or the electrode 592. The wiring 598 is made of, for example, aluminum, gold, platinum, silver, etc. , nickel, titanium, tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, copper, or para For example, a metal material such as zinc or an alloy material containing such a metal material can be used.

[0246] In addition, the connection layer 599 electrically connects the wiring 598 and the FPC 509(2). 599 can be made of various anisotropic conductive films and anisotropic conductive pastes. can.

[0247] In this embodiment, a substrate 590 having a touch sensor 595 is overlapped on the display device 10. For example, the second substrate 102 may be formed in a reversed configuration to the first substrate 101. A touch sensor 595 may be formed on the opposite surface of the first substrate 10. A touch sensor 595 may be provided between the first and second substrates 102. For example, a touch sensor 595 may be provided between the colored layer and the second substrate 102. preferable.

[0248] In addition, the first substrate 101, the second substrate 102, and the substrate 590 are made of flexible materials. This makes it possible to realize a touch panel whose pixel portion can be bent for use.

[0249] This embodiment may be combined, at least in part, with other embodiments described in this specification. It can be implemented in combination.

[0250] (Embodiment 3) In this embodiment, an example of a method for driving a touch panel according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. This will be explained in light of the above.

[0251] [Example of sensor detection method] FIG. 20A is a block diagram showing the configuration of a mutual capacitance type touch sensor. In (A), a pulse voltage output circuit 601 and a current detection circuit 602 are shown. In (A), an electrode 621 to which a pulse voltage is applied and an electrode 622 to which a change in current is detected are arranged. Each of these is shown as six wires, X1-X6 and Y1-Y6. A) illustrates a capacitance 603 formed between an electrode 621 and an electrode 622. The functions of the electrodes 621 and 622 may be interchangeable.

[0252] The pulse voltage output circuit 601 is a circuit for applying pulses to the wirings X1-X6 in sequence. When a pulse voltage is applied to the wiring of X1-X6, the electrodes 6 forming the capacitance 603 An electric field is generated between the electrodes 21 and 622. The electric field generated between these electrodes is reduced by the capacitance 60 due to shielding or the like. This is a method to detect the proximity or contact of a sensing object by using a change in the mutual capacitance of the sensor 3. It is possible.

[0253] The current detection circuit 602 detects the current in the wirings Y1 to Y6 due to the change in mutual capacitance in the capacitor 603. This is a circuit for detecting changes in current. The Y1-Y6 wiring detects the proximity of the object to be detected, or The current value detected does not change if there is no contact, but the current value changes when the object to be detected approaches or is touched. When the mutual capacitance decreases due to the current flow, the current is detected as decreasing. This can be achieved by using an integrating circuit or the like.

[0254] Next, FIG. 20B shows the input of the mutual capacitance type touch sensor shown in FIG. The timing chart of the output waveform is shown in FIG. 20(B). In FIG. 20(B), the case where the object is not detected ( Two cases are shown: when the sensor detects a target object (touch) and when the sensor detects a target object (non-touch). For the wiring Y1-Y6, the waveform is shown as a voltage value corresponding to the detected current value. There are.

[0255] A pulse voltage is applied to the wires X1-X6 in sequence, and the The waveform in the Y6 wiring changes. When there is no proximity or contact of the object to be detected, X1-X6 The waveforms of Y1-Y6 change uniformly according to the change in the voltage of the wiring. Or, at the point of contact, the current value decreases, and the corresponding voltage waveform also changes. do.

[0256] In this way, by detecting the change in mutual capacitance, the proximity or contact of the object to be detected can be detected. It is possible.

[0257] In FIG. 20A, only a capacitor 603 is provided at the intersection of the wiring as a touch sensor. The configuration of a passive type touch sensor has been shown, but an active type with transistors and capacitance can also be used. FIG. 21 shows one sensor included in an active touch sensor. 1 shows an example of a capacitor circuit.

[0258] The sensor circuit includes a capacitor 603, a transistor 611, a transistor 612, and a transistor The transistor 613 has a gate to which a signal G2 is applied, and a source or A voltage VRES is applied to one of the drains, and the other is connected to one electrode of the capacitor 603 and the transistor. The transistor 611 is electrically connected to the gate of the transistor 611. One is electrically connected to one of the source and drain of the transistor 612, and the other is connected to a voltage V A signal G1 is applied to the gate of the transistor 612, and a signal G2 is applied to the source or drain of the transistor 612. The other electrode of the capacitor 603 is electrically connected to the wiring ML. can be obtained.

[0259] Next, the operation of the sensor circuit will be described. First, the transistor 613 is turned on as the signal G2. When a potential is applied to turn on the transistor 611, the gate of the transistor 611 is connected to the node A potential corresponding to the voltage VRES is applied to node n. By applying a potential that turns off the node 613, the potential of the node n is maintained.

[0260] Next, the mutual capacitance of the capacitance 603 changes due to the proximity or contact of a detection object such as a finger. Accordingly, the potential of the node n changes from VRES.

[0261] The read operation applies a potential to the signal G1 to turn on the transistor 612. The current flowing through the transistor 611 in response to the potential of the node n, that is, the current flowing through the wiring ML, is By detecting this current, the proximity or contact of the object to be detected can be detected. can.

[0262] The transistors 611, 612, and 613 have channels each having a It is preferable to use a transistor in which an oxide semiconductor is used for a semiconductor layer to be formed. By applying such a transistor to the transistor 613, the potential of the node n It is possible to hold VRES for a long period of time, and the operation of resupplying VRES to node n ( This can reduce the frequency of the refresh operation.

[0263] This embodiment may be combined, at least in part, with other embodiments described in this specification. It can be implemented in combination.

[0264] (Embodiment 4) In this embodiment, electronic devices and lighting devices according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to drawings. do.

[0265] With the use of the display device of one embodiment of the present invention, highly reliable electronic devices and lighting devices can be manufactured. By using the display device of one embodiment of the present invention, highly reliable electronic devices and lighting devices having curved surfaces can be manufactured. In addition, a flexible and highly reliable electronic device can be manufactured by using the display device of one embodiment of the present invention. You can create equipment and lighting fixtures.

[0266] Examples of electronic devices include television sets (also known as televisions or television receivers). (hereinafter referred to as "computer monitors"), digital cameras, digital video cameras, digital photo frames, mobile phones (also called mobile phones or mobile phone devices), portable game machines, Examples of the device include portable information terminals, audio playback devices, and large game machines such as pachinko machines.

[0267] In addition, when the electronic device or lighting device of one embodiment of the present invention is flexible, it can be used in a house or a building. It can also be installed along the curved surfaces of walls or exterior walls, or the interior or exterior of a car. be.

[0268] Further, the electronic device of one embodiment of the present invention may include a secondary battery and may perform non-contact power transmission. It is preferable that the secondary battery can be charged using the same.

[0269] As the secondary battery, for example, a lithium polymer battery (lithium ion battery) using a gel electrolyte is used. Lithium-ion secondary batteries such as lithium-ion polymer batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, organic Examples include radical batteries, lead-acid batteries, secondary air batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, and silver-zinc batteries. do.

[0270] The electronic device according to one embodiment of the present invention may include an antenna. By using the battery, it is possible to display images, information, etc. on the display unit. , the antenna may be used for contactless power transfer.

[0271] 22(A), (B), (C1), (C2), (D), and (E) show a curved display unit 70. 7 shows an example of an electronic device having the display unit 7000. The display surface of the display unit 7000 is curved. The display can be performed along the curved display surface. The display unit 7000 has flexibility. It may be possible.

[0272] The display unit 7000 is manufactured using the display device or the like according to one embodiment of the present invention. This makes it possible to provide an electronic device that has a curved display portion and is highly reliable.

[0273] An example of a mobile phone is shown in FIG. 22A. A mobile phone 7100 includes a housing 7101, a display unit 7000, operation button 7103, external connection port 7104, speaker 7105, microphone 7106 etc.

[0274] A mobile phone 7100 shown in FIG. 22A includes a touch sensor in a display portion 7000. The touch sensor 7100 shown in FIG. All operations such as making a phone call or entering text can be done with a finger or a stylus. This can be done by touching part 7000.

[0275] In addition, the operation button 7103 can be used to turn the power on and off, and to display the display unit 7000. For example, from the email composition screen, you can change the type of image displayed on the You can then switch to the main menu screen.

[0276] FIG. 22B shows an example of a television device. The television device 7200 has a housing 7 A display unit 7000 is built into the housing 201. This shows the configuration that supported 201.

[0277] The television device 7200 shown in FIG. 22B is operated by an operation switch provided in the housing 7201. This can be done by a separate remote control 7211 or the display unit 70. The display unit 7000 may be provided with a touch sensor, and the operation can be performed by touching the display unit 7000 with a finger or the like. The remote control unit 7211 may display information to be output from the remote control unit 7211. The remote control 7211 may have an operation key or a touch panel. The panel allows the user to operate the channel and volume, and the display unit 7000 displays You can manipulate the video.

[0278] The television device 7200 includes a receiver, a modem, and the like. It is also possible to receive general television broadcasts by wired or wireless connection via a modem. By connecting to a communication network, one-way (sender to receiver) or two-way It is also possible to communicate information (between a sender and a receiver, or between receivers).

[0279] Examples of portable information terminals are shown in Fig. 22(C1), (C2), (D), and (E). The terminal has a housing 7301 and a display unit 7000. The display unit 7000 may include a display, a speaker, a microphone, an antenna, a battery, etc. The mobile information terminal is operated by touching the display unit 700 with a finger or a stylus. This can be done by touching 0.

[0280] FIG. 22C1 is a perspective view of a portable information terminal 7300, and FIG. 22C2 is a perspective view of a portable information terminal 7300. 22(D) is a perspective view of a portable information terminal 7310. FIG. FIG. 22E is a perspective view of the portable information terminal 7320. FIG.

[0281] The portable information terminal exemplified in this embodiment is, for example, a telephone, a notebook, an information viewing device, etc. Specifically, each of them can be used as a smartphone. The portable information terminal exemplified in this embodiment may be, for example, a mobile phone, an electronic mail, or the like. It can be used for a variety of purposes, including browsing and writing documents, playing music, communicating on the Internet, and playing computer games. Various applications can be executed.

[0282] The mobile information terminal 7300, the mobile information terminal 7310, and the mobile information terminal 7320 are Image information can be displayed on multiple surfaces. For example, the As shown in FIG. 7, three operation buttons 7302 are displayed on one side, and information 7303 shown as a rectangle is displayed on the other side. In Fig. 22(C1) and (C2), information is displayed on the upper side of the mobile information terminal. FIG. 22(D) shows an example in which information is displayed on the side of the mobile information terminal. Also, information may be displayed on three or more sides of the mobile information terminal. In FIG. 22(E), information 7 304, information 7305, and information 7306 are displayed on different surfaces.

[0283] An example of such information is notifications from social networking services (SNS). , display notifying you of incoming e-mails or telephone calls, subject of e-mails or sender name , date and time, time, battery level, antenna reception strength, etc. Or, the information is displayed Instead of information, operation buttons, icons, etc. may be displayed at the position where the information is displayed.

[0284] For example, the user of the portable information terminal 7300 may carry the portable information terminal 7300 in a breast pocket of a garment. When the item is stored, the display (information 7303 in this example) can be confirmed.

[0285] Specifically, the telephone number or name of the caller of the incoming call is recorded on the mobile information terminal 7300. The display is placed in a position that can be observed from above. The user takes the mobile information terminal 7300 out of his / her pocket. You can check the display and decide whether or not to answer the call without having to take out your phone.

[0286] 22(F) to (H) show an example of an illumination device having a curved light-emitting portion.

[0287] The light-emitting portion of each of the lighting devices shown in FIGS. 22F to 22H is a display device according to one embodiment of the present invention. According to one aspect of the present invention, a light emitting device having a curved light emitting portion and high reliability is provided. It is possible to provide a lighting device that is easy to use.

[0288] The lighting device 7400 shown in FIG. 22(F) includes a light-emitting unit 7402 having a wavy light-emitting surface. This makes it a highly designed lighting device.

[0289] The light-emitting portion 7412 of the lighting device 7410 shown in FIG. The light emitting parts are arranged symmetrically. It can illuminate in all directions.

[0290] The lighting device 7420 shown in FIG. 22(H) has a light-emitting portion 7422 that is curved in a concave shape. Therefore, the light emitted from the light emitting unit 7422 is focused on the front surface of the lighting device 7420. This type of lighting is suitable for illuminating a certain area. This has the effect of making it difficult to

[0291] In addition, the lighting devices 7400, 7410, and 7420 each have light-emitting The light emitting part may be flexible. The light emitting part may be fixed by a member such as a plastic member or a movable frame. The light emitting surface of the light emitting portion may be freely curved depending on the application.

[0292] The lighting device 7400, the lighting device 7410, and the lighting device 7420 each have an operation switch. The light emitting device has a base 7401 having a switch 7403 and a light emitting unit supported by the base 7401 .

[0293] In this embodiment, the illumination device in which the light-emitting unit is supported by the base is illustrated. The housing may be fixed to the ceiling or hung from the ceiling. The light surface can be curved, so a specific area can be brightened by curving the light-emitting surface in a concave shape. The light can be curved convexly to illuminate an entire room.

[0294] 23(A1), (A2), (B) to (I) show a display device having a flexible display unit 7001. 1 shows an example of a portable information terminal.

[0295] The display portion 7001 is manufactured using a display device or the like according to one embodiment of the present invention. The display device can be bent to a diameter of 0.01 mm or more and 150 mm or less. The display unit 7001 may be provided with a touch sensor, and when the display unit 7001 is touched with a finger or the like, According to one aspect of the present invention, a flexible display device can be used to operate a mobile information terminal. It is possible to provide an electronic device having a highly reliable electronic device.

[0296] FIG. 23(A1) is a perspective view showing an example of a portable information terminal, and FIG. 23(A2) is a perspective view showing an example of a portable information terminal. A side view showing an example of an information terminal. The mobile information terminal 7500 includes a housing 7501, a display unit 7 001, a drawer member 7502, an operation button 7503, etc.

[0297] The portable information terminal 7500 has a flexible display unit wound in a roll shape in a housing 7501. It has 7001.

[0298] In addition, the portable information terminal 7500 can receive video signals using a built-in control unit. The image can be displayed on the display unit 7001. The battery is built in. Also, the housing 7501 is equipped with a terminal for connecting a connector, The image signal and power may be directly supplied from the outside via wires.

[0299] In addition, the operation button 7503 can be used to turn the power on and off and to switch the displayed image. In addition, in Fig. 23 (A1), (A2), and (B), a mobile information terminal In the example shown, the operation buttons 7503 are arranged on the side of the mobile information terminal 7500. It may be placed on the same surface (front surface) as the display surface of the terminal 7500, or on the back surface.

[0300] FIG. 23B shows a mobile phone with the display unit 7001 pulled out by a pull-out member 7502. 7 shows a portable information terminal 7500. In this state, an image can be displayed on the display unit 7001. 23(A1) in which a part of the display unit 7001 is rolled up, and the state of the display unit 700 23(B) in which the portable information terminal 751 is pulled out by the pull-out member 7502. For example, in the state shown in FIG. 23(A1), the display By hiding the rolled-up portion of the display unit 7001, the mobile information terminal 7500 Power consumption can be reduced.

[0301] When the display unit 7001 is pulled out, the display surface of the display unit 7001 is made flat. To fix the display unit 7001 in place, a reinforcing frame may be provided on the side of the display unit 7001 .

[0302] In addition to this configuration, a speaker is provided on the housing, and the audio signal received together with the video signal is output. The configuration may be such that sound is outputted.

[0303] 23(C) to (E) show an example of a foldable portable information terminal. In the unfolded state, in Figure 23(D), the unfolded state or the folded state In the other state, which is in the process of changing to the other state, the portable information terminal 760 in the folded state in FIG. 23(E) The portable information terminal 7600 is highly portable when folded and can be folded up to 100 mm in length. The large, seamless display area provides excellent visibility.

[0304] The display unit 7001 is supported by three housings 7601 connected by hinges 7602. By bending the two housings 7601 via the hinge 7602, The terminal 7600 can be reversibly transformed from an unfolded state to a folded state.

[0305] 23(F) and (G) show an example of a foldable portable information terminal. In FIG. 23(G), the display unit 7001 is folded inward. The mobile information terminal 7650 is folded so that the 7001 faces outward. The terminal 7650 has a display portion 7001 and a non-display portion 7651. When not in use, the display unit 7001 can be folded inward. This can reduce dirt and scratches.

[0306] FIG. 23H shows an example of a flexible portable information terminal. The device has a housing 7701 and a display unit 7001. , 7703b, speakers 7704a, 7704b as audio output means, and an external connection port 7 The portable information terminal 7700 may have a display 705, a microphone 7706, and the like. The battery 7709 may be mounted on the display unit 7 It may be placed overlapping with 001.

[0307] The housing 7701, the display portion 7001, and the battery 7709 are flexible. The portable information terminal 7700 can be bent into a desired shape or twisted. For example, the portable information terminal 7700 has a display unit 7001 on the inside or The mobile information terminal 7700 can be folded so that the front and rear panels face outwards. The display unit 700 may be wound up in a roll. Since the portable information terminal 7700 can freely deform, even if it is dropped or has the advantage that it is less likely to be damaged even if an unintended external force is applied.

[0308] In addition, since the portable information terminal 7700 is lightweight, the upper part of the housing 7701 can be held with a clip or the like. Or, the housing 7701 can be fixed to the wall with a magnet or the like. , and can be conveniently used in a variety of situations.

[0309] FIG. 23I shows an example of a wristwatch-type portable information terminal. The device includes a keyboard 7801, a display unit 7001, an input / output terminal 7802, and an operation button 7803. The handheld terminal 7801 functions as a housing. The battery 7805 may be mounted on the display unit 70. It may be placed overlapping with band 01 or band 7801.

[0310] The band 7801, the display portion 7001, and the battery 7805 are flexible. Therefore, it is easy to bend the portable information terminal 7800 into a desired shape.

[0311] The operation button 7803 is used to set the time, turn the power on and off, and turn wireless communication on and off. It supports various functions such as auto-start, silent mode and power saving mode. For example, the operating system built into the portable information terminal 7800 can be Depending on the system, the functions of the operation buttons 7803 can be freely set.

[0312] In addition, by touching an icon 7804 displayed on the display unit 7001 with a finger or the like, the application You can start the application.

[0313] In addition, the portable information terminal 7800 is capable of performing short-distance wireless communication according to a communication standard. For example, by communicating with a wireless headset, a hands-free You can also make calls.

[0314] The portable information terminal 7800 may also have an input / output terminal 7802. If the terminal has a 802, it can directly exchange data with other information terminals via a connector. Charging can also be performed via the input / output terminal 7802. The charging operation of the portable information terminal shown in the example is performed by non-contact power transmission without going through the input / output terminal. You may go.

[0315] FIG. 24(A) shows the exterior of an automobile 9700. FIG. 24(B) shows the driver's seat of the automobile 9700. The automobile 9700 includes a body 9701, wheels 9702, a dashboard 9703, a rack The display device of one embodiment of the present invention is used for a display unit of an automobile 9700 or the like. For example, the display portions 9710 to 9715 shown in FIG. A display device according to one embodiment of the present invention can be provided.

[0316] The display portion 9710 and the display portion 9711 are display devices provided on a windshield of an automobile. In the display device of one embodiment of the present invention, an electrode of the display device is formed using a light-transmitting conductive material. By using a material that allows the display to be seen through to the other side, a so-called see-through display device If the display device is in a see-through state, it is possible to view the vehicle 9700 even while driving. Therefore, the display device according to one embodiment of the present invention can be mounted on the front of the automobile 9700. The display device can be installed on the front glass. When providing a transistor, an organic transistor using an organic semiconductor material or an oxide A light-transmitting transistor, such as a transistor using a semiconductor, is preferably used.

[0317] The display unit 9712 is a display device provided on a pillar part. By displaying the image from the imaging means on the display unit 9712, the view blocked by the pillars can be cleared. The display unit 9713 is a display device provided in the dashboard. For example, an image captured by an imaging means provided on the vehicle body is displayed on the display unit 9713. This can complement the view obstructed by the dashboard. By projecting images from an imaging device installed in the vehicle, blind spots are filled and safety is improved. In addition, by projecting an image that complements the invisible parts, it is possible to make the image look more natural. This allows for easy safety checks.

[0318] FIG. 24(C) shows the interior of a car with bench seats for the driver and passenger. The display unit 9721 is a display device provided in a door section. By displaying an image from the imaging means on the display unit 9721, the view blocked by the door can be cleared. The display unit 9722 is a display device provided on the handle. The display unit 9723 is a display device provided in the center of the seat surface of the bench seat. The display device is installed on the seat or backrest, and the heat generated by the display device is It can also be used as a seat heater using this as a heat source.

[0319] The display unit 9714, the display unit 9715, or the display unit 9722 displays navigation information, speech such as the odometer, tachometer, mileage, fuel level, gear status, and air conditioning settings. In addition, various other information can be provided. In addition, the display items and layout displayed on the display unit can be The above information can be displayed on the display unit. The display units 9710 to 9713, 9721, and 9723 can also display the In addition, the display units 9710 to 9715 and the display units 9721 to 9723 are illuminated. The display units 9710 to 9715 can also be used as a display device. The portion 9721 to the display portion 9723 can also be used as a heating device.

[0320] The display unit to which the display device according to one embodiment of the present invention is applied may be flat. The display device of the present embodiment may not have a curved surface or flexibility.

[0321] The portable game machine shown in FIG. 24D includes a housing 901, a housing 902, a display portion 903, and a display 904, a microphone 905, a speaker 906, an operation key 907, and a stylus 908 etc.

[0322] The portable game machine shown in FIG. 24(D) has two display units (display unit 903 and display unit 904). Note that the number of display units included in the electronic device of one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to two and may be one. If the electronic device has multiple display units, the number of display units is at least One of the display units may include the display device of one embodiment of the present invention.

[0323] FIG. 24E shows a notebook personal computer, which includes a housing 921, a display unit 922, It has a keyboard 923, a pointing device 924, and the like.

[0324] The display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 922.

[0325] 25A shows the appearance of a camera 8000. The camera 8000 includes a housing 8001, a front The camera includes a display unit 8002, an operation button 8003, a shutter button 8004, a connecting unit 8005, etc. In addition, a lens 8006 can be attached to the camera 8000.

[0326] The coupling portion 8005 has electrodes and is connected to the finder 8100 (described later) as well as the strobe device. etc. can be connected.

[0327] In this example, a camera 8000 is used, and a lens 8006 is detached from a housing 8001 and replaced. However, the lens 8006 and the housing 8001 may be integrated. .

[0328] An image can be captured by pressing the shutter button 8004. The display unit 8002 has a function as a touch panel, and an image is captured by touching the display unit 8002. It is also possible to do so.

[0329] The display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 8002.

[0330] FIG. 25B shows an example in which a finder 8100 is attached to a camera 8000. is doing.

[0331] The finder 8100 includes a housing 8101, a display unit 8102, a button 8103, and the like. .

[0332] The housing 8101 has a coupling portion that engages with the coupling portion 8005 of the camera 8000. A viewfinder 8100 can be attached to the camera 8000. The device has electrodes, and displays images received from a camera 8000 through the electrodes on a display unit 8102. It can be shown.

[0333] The button 8103 functions as a power button. The 8102 display can be switched on and off.

[0334] The display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 8102 .

[0335] In addition, in FIG. 25(A) and (B), the camera 8000 and the viewfinder 8100 are separate electronic devices. The camera 8000 is configured to have a detachable body 8001. The display device may have a built-in viewfinder.

[0336] FIG. 25(C) shows the appearance of the head mounted display 8200.

[0337] The head mounted display 8200 includes a mounting part 8201, a lens 8202, and a main body 82 8203, a display unit 8204, a cable 8205, etc. It has a built-in 8206 battery.

[0338] A cable 8205 supplies power from a battery 8206 to the main body 8203. 03 is equipped with a wireless receiver and the like, and image information such as image data received is displayed on a display unit 8204. In addition, the camera installed in the main body 8203 can record the movement of the user's eyeballs and eyelids. The system captures the user's gaze and calculates the coordinates of the user's gaze based on that information. It can be used as an input means.

[0339] Furthermore, the mounting unit 8201 may be provided with a plurality of electrodes at positions that come into contact with the user. The main body 8203 detects the current flowing through the electrodes in response to the movement of the user's eyeball, The device may have a function of recognizing the user's viewpoint. Also, the device may have a function of detecting the current flowing through the electrode. By doing so, the mounting unit 820 may have a function of monitoring the pulse of the user. The sensor 1 may have various sensors such as a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and an acceleration sensor. The device may have a function of displaying the user's biological information on the display unit 8204. The image displayed on the display unit 8204 is changed according to the movement of the part. Good too.

[0340] The display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 8204.

[0341] This embodiment may be combined, at least in part, with other embodiments described in this specification. It can be implemented in combination. EXAMPLES

[0342] In the following, a display panel (display device) according to one embodiment of the present invention was manufactured.

[0343] The display panel manufactured in this embodiment has a structure in which a transistor and a light-emitting element are formed on a glass substrate. The colored layer was then formed on another glass substrate, which was then bonded to the glass substrate.

[0344] The transistor is CAAC-OS (C Axis Aligned Crystal The transistors used were made of 100% ZnO (Line Oxide Semiconductor). Unlike amorphous materials, CAAC-OS has fewer defect levels, which improves the reliability of transistors. In addition, since the CAAC-OS has the characteristic that no grain boundaries are observed, This makes it possible to form a stable and uniform film over a large area, and also makes it possible to manufacture flexible light-emitting devices. The CAAC-OS film is less likely to crack due to stress when bent.

[0345] CAAC-OS is a crystalline oxide semiconductor whose c-axis is aligned approximately perpendicular to the film surface. Another type of crystal structure for oxide semiconductors is a nanoscale microcrystal aggregate. It has been discovered that there are a variety of structures that are different from single crystals, such as nano-crystals (nc). It has been confirmed that CAAC-OS has lower crystallinity than single crystals and higher crystallinity than nc. expensive.

[0346] In this embodiment, a channel-etched transistor using an In-Ga-Zn oxide is used. The transistor was fabricated on a glass substrate at a temperature of less than 500° C.

[0347] In the method of directly fabricating elements such as transistors on organic resin such as plastic substrates, The temperature in the manufacturing process of the semiconductor device must be lower than the heat resistance temperature of the organic resin. The substrate used for the preparation is a glass substrate, and the peeling layer, which is an inorganic film, has high heat resistance. This allows transistors to be fabricated at the same temperature as when they are fabricated on a silicon substrate. Therefore, the performance and reliability of the transistor can be easily ensured.

[0348] Figure 26 shows the Id-Vg characteristics of the fabricated transistor. The design rule of 1.5 μm is adopted, and the channel width is about 2 μm and the channel length is about 3.25 μm. The measurements were performed under two conditions: a source-drain voltage of 0.1 V and 10 V. As shown in FIG. 1, the transistor fabricated in this embodiment has a minute channel length and a minute channel width. Despite this, it was confirmed that normally-off characteristics were obtained and that high uniformity was also achieved. It was also confirmed that the drain current was extremely small when the gate voltage was below 0 V.

[0349] The light-emitting element used was a tandem (stacked) type organic EL element that emits white light. The device has a top emission structure, and the light from the light-emitting element is emitted through a color filter to the light-emitting panel. The pixel configuration is the same as that shown in FIG. 5(A). The layout of the above is the same as that shown in FIGS.

[0350] The display panel we created has a diagonal size of 2.78 inches and a pixel count of 2560× 1440, resolution (pixel density) 1058ppi, pixel size 24μm×24μm( 8μm×RGB×24μm), aperture ratio is 30.4%. The frame frequency is 60H z, has a built-in scan driver, and the source driver is implemented using the COF method.

[0351] Figure 27(A) shows a photograph of the manufactured display panel. Thin film transistor on a glass substrate It has an extremely high resolution of 1058 ppi for a display using this technology.

[0352] Also, Figure 27(B) shows a photograph of the display panel seen through the lens. Because it is so thin, the pixels are not visible even when enlarged, making it possible to express minute details on the screen. For example, it can be used as a viewfinder.

[0353] The above is a description of the first embodiment. EXAMPLES

[0354] The color reproducibility of the display panel is examined below.

[0355] When a tandem structure in which two or more light-emitting units are stacked is used as a light-emitting element, two By applying a highly conductive intermediate layer between the light-emitting units, the driving voltage can be reduced. However, as pixel resolution increases, current flows between adjacent pixels through the intermediate layer. As a result, adjacent pixels that should not emit light will emit light. This phenomenon is called crosstalk. can also be called.

[0356] FIG. 28 shows a schematic diagram of a stacked structure of a light-emitting element. The light-emitting element is composed of two light-emitting units stacked. The light-emitting element has a tandem structure in which a light-emitting layer contains a blue fluorescent material. The light-emitting device has an emitting unit, an emitting layer including a green phosphorescent material, and an emitting layer including a red phosphorescent material. The light-emitting element has a light-emitting layer including a blue fluorescent material and a light-emitting unit including a green phosphorescent material. The light-emitting layer includes an intermediate layer.

[0357] The light-emitting element used in this embodiment has an intermediate layer including a layer containing highly conductive lithium oxide and an electron The semiconductor device has a stacked structure including a layer containing a transporting material (also called an electron transport layer). The layer was formed so as to be located between the layer containing lithium oxide and the anode.

[0358] In this embodiment, the following two measures were taken to try to suppress the effects of crosstalk.

[0359] One is to provide a gap spacer (corresponding to the spacer 215 in FIG. 16) between adjacent pixels. This is a measure to place the gap spacer on the side of the gap spacer by making the thickness of the intermediate layer thinner. This is expected to increase resistance and prevent current from flowing between adjacent pixels through the intermediate layer. will be done.

[0360] The other measure is to change the configuration of the intermediate layer to suppress the effects of crosstalk. In addition, the thickness of the layer containing highly conductive lithium oxide is reduced, and the conductivity of the intermediate layer is reduced. However, the thickness of the layer containing highly conductive lithium oxide is extremely thin (approximately 0.1 nm). m) Therefore, it is not possible to further reduce this thickness to fabricate a light-emitting element. In addition, if the layer containing lithium oxide is made thinner, the light-emitting element As a result of our investigation, we found that the layer containing lithium oxide had a high driving voltage. It was found that the lithium introduced into the conductor has a tendency to diffuse into the electron transport layer. Instead of reducing the thickness of the layer containing highly conductive lithium oxide, the electron transport layer in contact with it is An attempt was made to reduce the thickness from about 15 nm to about 10 nm.

[0361] In this embodiment, the following three types of samples (display panels) were prepared by the same method as in the above-mentioned embodiment 1. Comparative sample 1 (Ref. 1) is a display panel without a gap spacer. Sample 1 is a display panel provided with a gap spacer, and sample 2 is a display panel provided with a gap spacer. (Sample 2) shows the optimization of the intermediate layer structure of the light-emitting element without providing a gap spacer. This is the display panel.

[0362] FIG. 29(A) shows a chromaticity diagram for Comparative Sample 1 and Sample 1. FIG. 29(B) shows a chromaticity diagram for Comparative Sample 1 and Sample 1. The chromaticity diagram for sample 2 is shown.

[0363] As shown in FIG. 29(A), the sample 1 with the gap spacer has a higher luminance than the sample without the gap spacer. It was confirmed that the color reproducibility was improved compared to Comparative Sample 1. Similarly, as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, it has been confirmed that color reproducibility is improved even when the intermediate layer structure is changed. Done.

[0364] Figure 30 shows the luminance dependence of the NTSC ratio for each sample. It was found that the effect of the shadow tends to be more pronounced on the low luminance side than on the high luminance side. Compared to sample 1, both samples 1 and 2 had a smaller change in NTSC ratio with respect to luminance. Therefore, both Sample 1 and Sample 2 have excellent color reproducibility. It was confirmed that the display panel was

[0365] As described above, the effect of crosstalk can be suppressed by providing a gap spacer. It is also possible to reduce the gap between the substrates and to suppress viewing angle dependency. In the case of fabricating a semiconductor device, the intermediate layer structure is the same as that of sample 2, without providing a gap spacer. In the display panel manufactured in this embodiment, it is effective to apply a measure to change the The NTSC ratio of sample 2, which does not have a gap spacer, is 100 cd / m 2 The above examples The value was high at approximately 88% in the range.

[0366] The above is a description of the second embodiment. EXAMPLES

[0367] In this example, a display panel according to one embodiment of the present invention was manufactured, and color reproducibility and viewing angle dependence were measured. I looked it up.

[0368] In this example, the following three types of samples (display panels) were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. Comparative sample 2 (Ref. 2) is a display panel without a gap spacer. Sample 3 is a display panel provided with a gap spacer, and Sample 4 is Sample 4) is a light-emitting device in which the conductivity of the electron transport layer is reduced without providing a gap spacer. This is a display panel that has been designed to prevent image degradation.

[0369] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the comparative sample has lower resolution than the above-mentioned sample 3, sample 4 and comparative sample 2. The display panel used for comparison sample 3 has a display area of ​​100 mm. Diagonal 9.2 inches, pixel count 1080 x 1920, resolution (pixel density) 238pp i, the pixel size is 106.5μm×106.5μm (35.5μm×RGB×106. The comparative sample 3 has a gap width of 5.5 μm and an aperture ratio of 56.0%. The display panel is equipped with spacers. Comparative sample 3 has pixel electrodes for R, G, and B subpixels. The comparative sample 3 has a stripe arrangement in which the electrodes are aligned in one direction without being shifted. The manufacturing method was the same as in Example 1 except that the photomask was different.

[0370] Figure 31 shows an example of the Id-Vg characteristics of the fabricated transistor. The transistor is a transistor that uses In-Ga-Zn oxide as the semiconductor in which the channel is formed. The transistor has a channel etch structure. The transistor is electrically connected by sandwiching a semiconductor. The transistor has a structure with a first gate and a second gate connected to each other. The width is about 3 μm and the channel length is about 3 μm. Measurements were performed by applying a source-drain voltage of 0. The source-gate voltage was swept from -15V to 20V under two conditions: 1V and 20V. Figure 31 also shows the results calculated from the data when the source-drain voltage was 20 V. As shown in Figure 31, the field effect mobility of the transistors is It was confirmed that the device exhibited extremely small normally-off characteristics. The field effect mobility was Maximum about 30cm 2 / Vs, which was a high value.

[0371] Figure 32(A) shows the luminance dependence of the NTSC ratio for each sample. As shown in Figure 32(A), In comparison with the comparative sample 2, the variation in the NTSC ratio with respect to the luminance in both samples 3 and 4 was was found to be suppressed.

[0372] FIG. 32(B) shows the chromaticity diagrams of the samples. As shown in FIG. 32(B), in comparison with the sample 2, In addition, it was confirmed that the color reproducibility was improved in both Sample 3 and Sample 4.

[0373] From the above, it is considered that the provision of the gap spacer and the conductivity of the electron transport layer of the light-emitting element are improved. It was confirmed that both of these factors improved color reproducibility.

[0374] Next, the viewing angle dependence of chromaticity was measured for Sample 3 and Sample 4. The dependence is measured at -60 degrees, -30 degrees, and -10 degrees when the direction perpendicular to the surface of the display panel is set to 0 degrees. The luminance spectrum was measured at five points: 0 degrees, 30 degrees, and 60 degrees. The chromaticity was calculated for each angle from the luminance spectrum. Measurements were carried out for four different displays: green, blue, and white. The viewing angle dependence is measured in the direction parallel to the direction in which the same color pixels are arranged on the display panel and in the direction perpendicular to this direction. Measurements were taken in two different directions.

[0375] The viewing angle dependency of chromaticity was also measured for comparative sample 3. Measurements were taken at seven points: 0 degrees, -45 degrees, -30 degrees, 0 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, and 60 degrees.

[0376] FIG. 33(A) shows the viewing angle dependence of chromaticity of comparative sample 3. FIG. 33(B) shows the viewing angle dependence of chromaticity of sample 3. The viewing angle dependence of chromaticity is shown in Fig. 33 (A) and (B), respectively, with respect to the arrangement direction of pixels of the same color. In Figures 33(A) and (B), the horizontal axis is the angle, The vertical axis represents the rate of change in chromaticity when the data at 0 degrees is used as the reference.

[0377] As shown in FIG. 33(B), in sample 3, the chromaticity changes as the viewing angle increases. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 33(A), the comparative sample 3 showed a smaller change than the sample 3. In particular, the chromaticity in the direction parallel to the arrangement direction of the pixels of different colors tends to be small. This phenomenon can be prevented by providing a gap spacer. By increasing the distance between the light emitting element and the color filter, the light from the light emitting element is reflected in the color of the adjacent pixel. This is thought to be due to the fact that the particles are more easily ejected through the filter. 33(A) and (B) show that in a display panel with extremely high resolution, the viewing angle of the gap spacer The effect on the dependence is significant, and in a display panel with a relatively low resolution, the gap spacer It was confirmed that there was almost no effect on viewing angle dependency.

[0378] 34(A) and (B) show the measurement results of the viewing angle dependence of chromaticity of Sample 4. FIG. 34(A) shows the measurement results in the direction parallel to the arrangement direction of pixels of the same color, and FIG. 34(B) shows the measurement results in the direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of pixels of the same color. This is the measurement result in the correct direction.

[0379] As shown in FIG. 34(A) and (B), the electron transport of the light-emitting element is achieved without providing a gap spacer. In sample 4, which has been designed to reduce crosstalk by lowering the conductivity of the layers, the chromaticity It was confirmed that the angle dependence was significantly reduced compared to sample 3.

[0380] From the above, by taking measures to reduce the conductivity of the electron transport layer of the light-emitting element, Fabrication of an extremely high-resolution display panel that combines high color reproducibility with low viewing angle dependence of chromaticity I was able to do it.

[0381] The above is a description of the third embodiment. [Explanation of symbols]

[0382] 10 Display device 11 Pixel section 12 Circuits 13 Circuit 14 Circuit 15a Terminal section 15b Terminal section 16a Wiring 16b Wiring 16c Wiring 20 pixel units 21a pixel 21b pixels 22 Display area 30a straight line 30b straight line 30c rectangle 30d rectangle 31 Pixel electrode 31a Pixel electrode 31b Pixel electrode 32a Pixel electrode 32b Pixel electrode 33a Pixel electrode 33b Pixel electrode 41a Pixel circuit 41b Pixel circuit 42a Pixel circuit 42b Pixel circuit 43a Pixel circuit 43b Pixel circuit 51 Wiring 51a Wiring 51b Wiring 52 Wiring 52a Wiring 52b Wiring 52c Wiring 52d Wiring 53S Wiring Group 53 Wiring 53a Wiring 53b Wiring 53c Wiring 54 Wiring 55 Wiring 57 Wiring 60 Display element 60a Display element 60b Display element 61 Transistor 62 Transistor 63 Capacitive element 64 Transistor 71a Subpixel 71b Subpixel 72a Subpixel 72b subpixel 73a Subpixel 73b Subpixel 80 Circuits 81 Transistor 82 Transistor 83 Wiring 84 Wiring 85 Terminals 86 Output terminal 91_1~5 Wiring 92_1~2 Wiring 93_1~6 Transistor 94 Capacitive element 95 Display element 96_1~3 Wiring 97_1~3 Wiring 98_1~6 Transistor 101 Substrate 102 Substrate 211 Insulating layer 212 Insulating layer 213 Insulating Layer 214 Insulating layer 215 Spacer 216 Insulating Layer 220 Adhesive layer 221 Insulating layer 222 EL layer 223 Electrode 224a Optical adjustment layer 224b Optical adjustment layer 230a Structure 230b Structure 231 Light blocking layer 232a Colored layer 232b Colored layer 241 FPC 242 FPC 243 Connection Layer 244 IC 250 space 251 Transistor 252 Transistor 253 Conductive Layer 260 Encapsulating material 261 Adhesive layer 262 Adhesive layer 501 Display section 503s circuit 505 Touch Panel 509 FPC 511 Wiring 519 Terminal section 570 Substrate 590 Substrate 591 Electrode 592 Electrode 594 Wiring 595 Touch Sensor 597 Adhesive layer 598 Wiring 599 Connection Layer 601 Pulse voltage output circuit 602 Current detection circuit 603 capacity 611 Transistor 612 Transistor 613 Transistor 621 Electrode 622 Electrode 901 Case 902 Case 903 Display section 904 Display section 905 Microphone 906 Speaker 907 Operation Key 908 Stylus 921 Case 922 Display section 923 Keyboard 924 Pointing Device 7000 Display 7001 Display section 7100 Mobile Phone 7101 Case 7103 Operation button 7104 External connection port 7105 Speaker 7106 Microphone 7200 Television Equipment 7201 Case 7203 Stand 7211 Remote control device 7300 Mobile Information Terminal 7301 Case 7302 Operation button 7303 Information 7304 Information 7305 Information 7306 Information 7310 Portable Information Terminals 7320 Mobile Information Terminal 7400 Lighting Equipment 7401 Daibu 7402 Light emitting part 7403 Operation switch 7410 Lighting equipment 7412 Light emitting part 7420 Lighting equipment 7422 Light emitting part 7500 Mobile Information Terminal 7501 Case 7502 Materials 7503 Operation button 7600 Mobile Information Terminal 7601 Case 7602 Hinge 7650 Mobile Information Terminal 7651 Hidden part 7700 Portable Information Terminal 7701 Case 7703a Button 7703b Button 7704a Speaker 7704b Speaker 7705 External connection port 7706 Mike 7709 Battery 7800 Mobile Information Terminal 7801 Band 7802 Input / output terminal 7803 Operation button 7804 Icons 7805 Battery 8000 Camera 8001 Case 8002 Display section 8003 Operation button 8004 Shutter button 8005 Joint 8006 Lens 8100 Finder 8101 Case 8102 Display section 8103 Button 8200 Head Mounted Display 8201 Mounting part 8202 Lens 8203 Main unit 8204 Display section 8205 Cable 8206 Battery 9700 Automobiles 9701 Body 9702 wheels 9703 Dashboard 9704 Light 9710 Display section 9711 Display section 9712 Display section 9713 Display Department 9714 Display Department 9715 Display Department 9721 Display Department 9722 Display Department 9723 Display Department

Claims

1. A display device having a first pixel, a second pixel, a first wiring, and a second wiring, the first pixel has a first subpixel, a second subpixel, and a third subpixel; the second pixel has a fourth subpixel, a fifth subpixel, and a sixth subpixel; the first subpixel comprises a first transistor and a first display element; the second subpixel includes a second transistor and a second display element; the third subpixel includes a third transistor and a third display element; the fourth subpixel includes a fourth transistor and a fourth display element; the fifth subpixel includes a fifth transistor and a fifth display element; the sixth subpixel includes a sixth transistor and a sixth display element; the first wiring is electrically connected to a gate of the first transistor, a gate of the second transistor, and a gate of the fourth transistor; the second wiring is electrically connected to a gate of the third transistor, a gate of the fifth transistor, and a gate of the sixth transistor; Display device.

2. In claim 1, The first display element has a first electrode, the second display element has a second electrode; the third display element has a third electrode; the fourth display element has a fourth electrode; the fifth display element has a fifth electrode; the sixth display element has a sixth electrode; In plan view, the third electrode has a region located between the first electrode and the second electrode; the fourth electrode has a region located between the fifth electrode and the sixth electrode; The second electrode and the fifth electrode are disposed adjacent to each other. Display device.

3. In claim 2, In plan view, a center of gravity of the first electrode, a center of gravity of the second electrode, and a center of gravity of the fourth electrode are located on a first straight line; a center of gravity of the third electrode, a center of gravity of the fifth electrode, and a center of gravity of the sixth electrode are located on a second straight line; The first straight line and the second straight line are parallel to each other and do not coincide with each other. Display device.

4. In claim 1 or 2, the first electrode and the second wiring are arranged so as not to overlap each other; the second electrode and the second wiring are arranged so as not to overlap each other; the third electrode and the first wiring have an overlapping region; the fourth electrode and the second wiring are arranged so as not to overlap each other; the fifth electrode and the first wiring have an overlapping region; the sixth electrode and the first wiring have an overlapping region; Display device.

5. In any one of claims 1 to 4, a third wiring, a fourth wiring, and a fifth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the first transistor is electrically connected to the third wiring; one of a source and a drain of the second transistor is electrically connected to the fourth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the third transistor is electrically connected to the third wiring; one of a source and a drain of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the fifth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to the fourth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the fifth wiring; Display device.

6. In any one of claims 1 to 4, a third wiring, a fourth wiring, a fifth wiring, and a sixth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the first transistor is electrically connected to the fourth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the second transistor is electrically connected to the fifth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the third transistor is electrically connected to the third wiring; one of a source and a drain of the fourth transistor is electrically connected to the sixth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the fifth transistor is electrically connected to the fourth wiring; one of a source and a drain of the sixth transistor is electrically connected to the fifth wiring; Display device.

7. In claim 6, In plan view, the fourth wiring is disposed between the second electrode and the third electrode, the fifth wiring is disposed between the fourth electrode and the fifth electrode; Display device.

8. In any one of claims 1 to 7, the first display element and the fifth display element have a function of exhibiting a first color; the second display element and the sixth display element have a function of exhibiting a second color; the third display element and the fourth display element have a function of exhibiting a third color; Display device.

9. In any one of claims 1 to 8, The resolution is 400 ppi or more and 2000 ppi or less. Display device.

10. In any one of claims 1 to 9, A circuit is provided. The circuit comprises: a function of selectively outputting a current flowing through each of the first to third display elements; and a function of supplying a predetermined potential to each of the first to third display elements. Display device.

Images