Method for cultivating shade trees

Abstract

To provide a method for cultivating shade trees that improves a rate of withering caused by planting shade tree seedlings in pots and enables stable transportation.SOLUTION: A method for cultivating shade trees includes: a cultivation step (S1) of cultivating a seedling of Cleyera japonica Sa in a pot Po filled with culture soil Ps; a planting step (S2) of removing the seedling of Cleyera japonica Sa cultivated in the cultivation step (S1) from the pot Po and planting in an inner pot 2 having a plurality of inlet holes 21a formed therein without sieving the roots of a root ball Rb with tangled roots; and a double pot cultivation step (S4) of inserting the inner pot 2 in which the seedling of Cleyera japonica Sa is planted in the planting step (S2) inside an outer pot 3 and supplying water for cultivation.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for cultivating shade trees, in which seedlings of shade trees are planted in pots and cultivated. [Background technology]

[0002] Among shade trees, in particular Sakaki, Himesakaki, and Shikishi, if seedlings cultivated in soil are planted in pots and cultivated indoors with only water, they will often die quickly. For this reason, the present applicant has proposed a cultivation method that allows shade trees such as Sakaki, Himesakaki, and Shikishi to be acclimatized to hydroponic cultivation with simple procedures (see, for example, Patent Document 1, etc.).

[0003] The cultivation method described in Patent Document 1 is characterized in that a root pruning step is carried out in which the roots of seedlings cultivated in soil are pruned to fit the size of the pot, followed by a temporary planting step in which the seedlings that have been subjected to the root pruning step are returned to soil cultivation, and then permanently planted in a pot. According to this cultivation method, the simple task of returning the seedlings that have been subjected to the root pruning step to soil cultivation by the temporary planting step promotes the emergence and growth of white roots (new roots that have not yet browned). This reduces the stress of transitioning to hydroponic cultivation, and even sakaki, himesakaki, and mugwort, which are considered difficult to cultivate hydroponically, can be smoothly acclimatized from soil cultivation to hydroponic cultivation. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2022-40503 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, in the cultivation method described in Patent Document 1, although the white roots grow sufficiently, the roots are washed after the temporary planting step, and the soil attached to the roots is washed away to make the seedlings bare (root sieving), which causes some damage to the roots. This may result in a lower withering rate associated with planting in pots. In addition, since this is a cultivation method in which the plants are planted in hydroballs (granular inorganic foam made by baking clay at high temperatures) or the like placed in pots, there is also the problem that the plants are prone to shaking and lack stability, especially when transported long distances.

[0006] In view of the above circumstances, the present invention aims to provide a method for cultivating shade trees which reduces the mortality rate associated with planting shade tree seedlings in pots and allows for stable transportation. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The method for cultivating shade trees of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned object includes a cultivation step of cultivating seedlings in pots filled with culture soil, A planting step of removing the seedlings grown in the growing step from the pot and planting them in an inner pot having a plurality of inlet holes without sieving the root ball entangled with the roots; and a double pot cultivation step of inserting the inner pot in which the seedling has been planted in the planting step into the inside of an outer pot and cultivating the seedling by supplying water thereto.

[0008] In the present invention, the term "shade tree" refers to trees other than sun-loving trees, and includes sakaki, Himesakaki, mugwort, tea trees, etc., which may be classified as semi-shade trees. The growing process may be carried out for about two years after sowing, by sowing seeds in a tray, replanting the germinated sprouts in a pot, and pinching (pinching the top) while taking into consideration the balance with respect to the inner pot during growing. The inner pot may have a tapered cylindrical side wall portion that widens upward and a bottom portion that closes the bottom side, and the inlet holes of, for example, about 3 to 6 mm may be provided in the side wall portion or the bottom portion.

[0009] According to the method for cultivating shade trees of the present invention, the planting step of planting trees in the inner pot without sieving the roots is adopted, so that the damage caused by planting is reduced and the withering rate can be improved. In addition, in the planting step, the root ball intertwined with the roots is planted as it is in the inner pot, so that the roots do not become unstable and the trees can be transported stably even over long distances.

[0010] Furthermore, in the shade tree cultivation method of the present invention, it is preferable that the method includes a tolerance-imparting step in which, after the planting step, a watering process in which water is allowed to flow into the inner pot through the inlet hole of the inner pot in which the seedling was planted in the planting step, and a drying process in which the culture soil in the inner pot is dried are repeatedly carried out.

[0011] Furthermore, in the double pot cultivation step, a tolerance imparting treatment may be carried out in which watering by causing water to flow into the inner pot through the inlet and drying of the culture soil in the inner pot are repeated.

[0012] By carrying out the tolerance imparting step or the tolerance imparting treatment, a state in which sufficient water is supplied to the culture soil in the inner pot and a state in which the culture soil in the inner pot dries out are repeated, and water stress is imparted to the seedlings. This improves the tolerance to stress in the water environment, and, for example, even if watering is forgotten after the transition to the double pot cultivation step, the seedlings can be easily revived by supplying water, and the life span (the period until death) can be extended.

[0013] Furthermore, in the shade tree cultivation method of the present invention, the planting step may include a process of cutting the roots that have been rooted at the lower end portion of the root ball.

[0014] This reduces stress on the roots and promotes the emergence and growth of white roots.

[0015] Here, a treatment may be carried out in which the roots that have been rubbed at the side of the root ball are cut together with the roots that have been rubbed at the bottom end of the root ball. Here, the term "rubbing" refers to a state in which the roots of a seedling growing in the pot have nowhere to go and are coiled up inside the pot.

[0016] Furthermore, in the shade tree cultivation method of the present invention, in the double pot cultivation step, a covering member may be provided to cover the surface of the soil in the inner pot and suppress transpiration from the soil.

[0017] Here, the covering member may be a flat plate made of nonwoven fabric.

[0018] In the double pot cultivation process, only water is supplied, but the covering member can suppress water evaporation from the culture soil, reducing the frequency of watering. It can also eliminate the problem of the culture soil overflowing from the inner pot during transportation or movement. Effect of the Invention

[0019] According to the present invention, a method for cultivating shade trees can be provided which improves the mortality rate associated with planting shade tree seedlings in pots and allows for stable transportation. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0020] [Figure 1] 1 is a flow chart showing an example of steps in a shade tree cultivation method of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a planting process. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a planting process. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a planting process. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a planting process. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a resistance imparting step. [Figure 7] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a case where a resistance imparting process is performed instead of a resistance imparting step. [Figure 8] FIG. 13 is an exploded perspective view for explaining an example of a double pot cultivation process after a resistance imparting process is carried out. [Figure 9] This is a central vertical cross-sectional view of a decorative pot with a pot placed inside it. [Figure 10] This is a diagram showing an example of a pot containing a sakaki tree placed in a decorative pot and offered at a Shinto altar. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0021] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The present invention is a method for cultivating shade trees (including semi-shade trees), and is particularly suitable for cultivating sakaki, himesakaki, mugwort, tea trees, etc. In this embodiment, sakaki will be used as an example.

[0022] FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing an example of steps in the method for cultivating shade trees of the present invention.

[0023] As shown in Fig. 1, in the method 10 for cultivating shade trees of the present invention, a cultivation step is first carried out (step S1). In this cultivation step (S1), harvested seeds are sown in trays in a vinyl greenhouse or the like, for example, in the autumn of the first year, and seedlings that germinate in the spring are replanted in pots in June for cultivation.

[0024] The potting soil and the soil to be replenished in the planting step (S2) described in detail later are not particularly limited. In this embodiment, the soil used is one containing red soil, bark compost, peat moss, vermiculite, perlite, a pH adjuster, etc. The bark compost may be omitted and soil containing only inorganic components may be used. In addition, the soil used should preferably have water retention and good drainage.

[0025] The pots are grown until, for example, autumn of the third year. In other words, the growing process (from sowing to growing) is carried out for about two years, and so-called two-year-old seedlings are cultivated. It is common for sakaki trees to take more than three years from sowing to shipping. In this embodiment, the seedlings are grown for two years because if they were grown for three years, they would grow too tall and, as will be described later with reference to FIG. 10, would be unbalanced, for example as a sakaki tree to be offered at a Shinto altar, with no branches or leaves on the lower side.

[0026] Also, while growing in the pot, pinching (pinching out the top) is performed as necessary. This pinching is performed while taking into consideration the balance with the inner pot 2, which will be described later using Figure 5 and other figures. Specifically, for example, when using the sakaki tree to be offered at a Shinto altar, the tips of the branches are cut to consider the sense of volume and to prevent the internodes from becoming stretched. In other words, by pinching, it is possible to adjust the sense of volume and balance with the inner pot 2 without causing the internodes to become stretched. During the growing process, general fertilization management such as watering with a sprinkler, disinfection, and fertilization are performed.

[0027] Next, a planting step is carried out (step S2). Figures 2 to 5 are diagrams for explaining the planting step (S2).

[0028] As shown in Fig. 2, in the planting step (S2), the sapling of Sakaki Sa grown in the growing step (S1) is removed from the pot Po. At this time, the root ball Rb in which the roots are entangled is not sieved.

[0029] Next, in this embodiment, the lower end portion of the root ball Rb is kneaded and the process of cutting the grooved roots R at the lower end portion of the root ball Rb is performed as shown in Fig. 3(a). If necessary, the process of cutting the grooved roots R at the side portions of the root ball Rb may be performed as shown in Fig. 3(b). In this way, the process of cutting the grooved roots R is not essential, but by performing this process, the rooting and growth of white roots can be promoted.

[0030] Next, as shown in Fig. 4, the root ball Rb is adjusted to a desired shape and planted in the inner pot 2. In this embodiment, the inner pot 2 and the outer pot 3 described below are made of transparent polypropylene and are configured using cups (disposable cups) for beer, juice, etc., of the same shape. The materials for the inner pot 2 and the outer pot 3 are not limited and may be ceramic or hard plastic, but using polypropylene makes disposal easier.

[0031] The inner pot 2 is provided with a side wall 21 having a tapered tubular shape (tapered cylindrical shape) that expands upward, and a bottom 22 that closes the bottom side. In this embodiment, a flange 211 is provided at the upper end of the side wall 21, and a vertical wall base 212 with a smaller diameter is formed at the lower end. In addition, a plurality of inflow holes 21a, for example, about 3 to 6 mm, are formed at a predetermined interval from each other in the side wall 21 and the bottom 22. The position where the plurality of inflow holes 21a are formed is not particularly limited, but since water flows into the inner pot 2 from these inflow holes 21a, it is necessary to form them at least in the bottom 22 and the lower end part of the side wall 21. In this embodiment, the inflow hole 21a is not formed in the base 212 of the side wall 21, but the inflow hole 21a may be formed in this base 212. A predetermined amount of soil Ps is placed in this inner pot 2, and the Sakaki Sa is inserted into the inner pot 2. Then, the gaps are filled with culture soil Ps, and the planting process (S2) is completed as shown in Figure 5. The culture soil Ps is the same as the culture soil for the pots mentioned above. The pinched areas are indicated by the symbol Pi in Figure 5, which eliminates problems such as elongation of the internodes and a lack of leaves on the lower side.

[0032] Next, in this embodiment, a resistance imparting step (step S3) is performed. Fig. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the resistance imparting step (S3).

[0033] In the tolerance imparting step (S3), as shown in FIG. 6(a), a water tank 9 containing water W is prepared, and the inner pot 2 in which the Sakaki Sa is planted is immersed in the water tank 9 for watering treatment. A larger water tank may be prepared and multiple inner pots 2 may be immersed at the same time. The water level of the water W in the water tank 9 is preferably set to a level at which water flows in from the inlet hole 21a formed at the highest position of the inner pot 2. In this way, water flows into the inner pot 2 from the multiple inlet holes 21a, and the Sakaki Sa is sufficiently supplied with water. The immersion period is preferably about 1 to 2 days. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6(b), the inner pot 2 is removed from the water tank 9, and a drying treatment is performed to dry the culture soil Ps in the inner pot 2. In the tolerance imparting step (S3), the watering treatment and drying treatment are repeated for about two weeks.

[0034] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a case where a resistance imparting process is performed instead of the resistance imparting process (S3). In the resistance imparting process, as shown in FIG. 6(a), the plant is immersed in a water tank 9 containing water W for about one day, and then the process proceeds to a double pot cultivation process (step S4), in which the inner pot 2 in which the Sakaki Sa is planted is placed on the outer pot 3 containing a predetermined amount of water. As described above, the outer pot 3 has the same shape as the inner pot 2, and is provided with a tapered cylindrical side wall portion 31 that expands upward and a bottom portion 32 that blocks the bottom side, but no inlet hole is formed. When the inner pot 2 is placed on the outer pot 3, the outer side of the side wall portion 21 of the inner pot 2 is placed on the inner side of the side wall portion 31 of the outer pot 3, and a gap S is created between the upper surface of the bottom portion 32 of the outer pot 3 and the lower surface of the bottom portion 22 of the inner pot 2. Hereinafter, the inner pot 2 and the outer pot 3 may be collectively referred to as a double pot 1.

[0035] As time passes, the water W in the outer pot 3 decreases, and when air can be confirmed in the gap S, water is no longer supplied from the inlet hole 21a formed in the bottom 22 of the inner pot 2. Water is supplied at this timing. That is, a resistance imparting process is carried out in which water is introduced into the inner pot 2 from the inlet hole 21a and the soil Ps in the inner pot 2 is dried repeatedly. The method of watering may be to remove the inner pot 2 from the outer pot 3, fill the outer pot 3 with water, and then insert the inner pot 2 back into the outer pot 3, or to pour water over the soil Ps in the inner pot 2. Then, the process of watering when air can be confirmed in the gap S is repeated for about two weeks.

[0036] Although such a resistance imparting step (S3) or resistance imparting treatment is not essential, carrying out the resistance imparting step (S3) or resistance imparting treatment improves resistance to stress in the water environment. For example, even if watering is forgotten, the plant will be more likely to revive by providing water, and its lifespan (the period until it dies) can be extended.

[0037] FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view for explaining an example of the double pot cultivation step (S4) after carrying out the resistance imparting step (S3).

[0038] As shown in FIG. 8, in the double pot cultivation step (S4), the inner pot 2 in which the Sakaki Sa has been planted after the tolerance imparting step (S3) shown in FIG. 6 is inserted into the outer pot 3 containing a predetermined amount of water W. Then, in order to suppress transpiration, a covering member 4 is placed on the top surface of the soil Ps of the inner pot 2. The covering member 4 in this embodiment is a circular flat plate made of nonwoven fabric, and has a slit 41 formed therein. If the trunk of the Sakaki Sa is inserted into the slit 41, the covering member 4 can be placed in a stable state. In addition, in this embodiment, a decorative pot 5 made of wood (e.g., cedar or cypress) with a pattern such as a family crest 51 is used, and a double pot 1 consisting of the inner pot 2 and the outer pot 3 is placed in the decorative pot 5. In addition, when a tolerance imparting process is performed instead of the tolerance imparting step (S3), the covering member 4 is placed on the top surface of the soil Ps of the inner pot 2 and placed in the decorative pot 5.

[0039] 9 is a central vertical cross-sectional view of the double pot 1 housed in the decorative pot 5. As with the resistance imparting treatment, watering should be performed when air is confirmed in the gap S. Since an opening 52 is formed in the bottom of the decorative pot 5, the double pot 1 can be easily removed from the decorative pot 5 by inserting a finger into the opening 52 and slightly lifting the double pot 1.

[0040] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example in which a double pot 1 (see FIG. 9 and the like) in which a sakaki tree Sa is planted is placed in a decorative pot 5 and offered to a Shinto altar Kd.

[0041] According to the cultivation method of the present invention, the life span of the sakaki tree is significantly longer than that of cut flowers generally provided for a Shinto altar Kb. In particular, even if the tree is watered with tap water only without fertilizer, the green color of the leaves does not change even after one year, and it has been confirmed that the growth rate slows rapidly, but new shoots appear. In other words, the tree can be maintained in the same state for a long period of time without growing, and is suitable for use in a Shinto altar Kb as shown in FIG. 6. When exposed to sunlight, the roots grow, and the tree may become too tall when used for a Shinto altar Kb. In addition, the leaves may easily turn yellow, so after the planting step (S2), it is best to avoid direct sunlight and, for example, to expose the tree to fluorescent light.

[0042] The presence of water can be checked by removing the double pot 1 from the decorative pot 5 and checking for the presence or absence of air in the gap S. If air is confirmed, for example, about 100 to 150 cc of water can be poured into the culture soil Ps of the inner pot 2, or placed in the outer pot 3 and the inner pot 2 inserted. The amount of water can be adjusted appropriately depending on the size of the double pot 1, etc. Also, the decorative pot 5 may be provided with a window through which the state of the gap S can be visually observed so that the timing of watering can be known even when the double pot is placed in the decorative pot 5.

[0043] Furthermore, according to the cultivation method of the present invention, the planting step (S2) is adopted in which the roots are planted in the inner pot 2 without sieving, so damage associated with planting is reduced, and for example, the withering rate at the time of shipping can be improved. In addition, in the planting step (S2), the root ball Rb with its roots entangled is planted in the inner pot 2, so the roots do not wobble, and stable transportation can be performed even over long distances. Furthermore, if the covering member 4 is used, transpiration from the culture soil Ps is suppressed, making it possible to reduce the frequency of watering and also to suppress spillage of the culture soil Ps during transportation, etc.

[0044] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims. For example, the above-mentioned embodiment has been described using the sakaki tree as an example, but the invention can be applied to Himesakaki, Shiki, tea trees, or other shade trees in the same manner. Also, a branch and leaf pruning step may be performed to prune the branches and leaves of the seedlings, taking into consideration the branch spread (volume) after planting in the double pot 1 and the balance with the double pot 1. Furthermore, in this embodiment, an example is shown in which one sakaki tree Sa is planted in the inner pot 2, but two or more sakaki trees Sa may be planted in the inner pot 2, taking into consideration the volume of the branches and leaves.

[0045] Furthermore, the resistance imparting step (S3) and the resistance imparting treatment are also effective in other cultivation methods such as hydroponic cultivation using hydroballs.

[0046] For example, a cultivation process for cultivating seedlings; A planting step of planting the seedlings grown in the growing step in a pot having an inlet; A pot cultivation step of cultivating in the pot, The method may include a shade tree cultivation method including a tolerance imparting step in which, after the planting step, a watering process is performed in which the pot in which the seedling was planted in the planting step is immersed in water at a predetermined level to allow water to flow into the pot through the inlet hole, and a drying process is performed in which the pot is removed from the water and the inside of the pot is dried.

[0047] Also, a cultivation process for cultivating seedlings; A planting step of planting the seedlings grown in the growing step in a pot having an inlet; A pot cultivation step of cultivating in the pot, The method may include a shade tree cultivation method in which, in the pot cultivation step, a resistance-imparting treatment is carried out by repeatedly carrying out a watering treatment in which water is allowed to flow into the pot through the inlet hole, and a drying treatment in which the inside of the pot is dried. [Explanation of symbols]

[0048] 10 How to grow shade trees S1 breeding process S2 Planting process S3 Resistance imparting process S4 Double bowl process 1 Double Bowl 2 Inner Bowl 21a Inflow hole 3 Outer pot 4 Covering materials 5 Decorative pots 9. Aquarium Sakaki Rb root ball Ps Cultivating soil

Claims

1. a cultivation process in which seedlings are grown in pots filled with culture soil; A planting step of removing the seedlings grown in the growing step from the pot and planting them in an inner pot having a plurality of inlet holes without sieving the root ball entangled with the roots; A method for cultivating shade trees, comprising: a double pot cultivation step of inserting the inner pot in which the seedlings have been planted in the planting step into the inside of an outer pot and cultivating the inner pot by supplying water thereto.

2. A method for cultivating shade trees as described in claim 1, characterized in that after the planting step, a tolerance-imparting step is performed by repeatedly carrying out a watering process in which water is allowed to flow into the inner pot through the inlet hole of the inner pot in which the seedlings were planted in the planting step, and a drying process in which the soil in the inner pot is dried.

3. A method for cultivating shade trees as described in claim 1, characterized in that in the double pot cultivation process, a tolerance-imparting treatment is carried out in which watering is performed by flowing water into the inner pot through the inlet hole and the soil in the inner pot is dried repeatedly.

4. 3. The method for cultivating shade trees according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the planting step, a treatment is carried out in which the roots that have been ground at the lower end portion of the root ball are cut.

5. 3. The method for cultivating shade trees according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the double pot cultivation step, a covering member is provided for covering the surface of the soil in the inner pot and suppressing transpiration from the soil.

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