Relative displacement display device, and structure

Abstract

To provide a relative displacement display device which enables even a non-expert to quickly and easily determine the maximum displacement and danger of a structure such as a wooden building after an earthquake when the structure is damaged by the earthquake, does not require the supply of power or the like, has a simple device structure and does not require complicated maintenance, is excellent in durability, and can be made compact.SOLUTION: The relative displacement display device of the present invention is a relative displacement display device that displays the state of deformation of a wooden structure or the like due to an earthquake or the like, and is installed between two measurement points of the frame of the structure to measure a relative displacement of the distance between the measurement points before and after deformation, the two measurement points include points near the corners of both diagonal ends of a predetermined surface, and a linear or belt-shaped measurement member is provided for measuring the relative displacement between the two measurement points, and the measurement member is longer than the distance between the measurement points, and is disposed between the two measurement points with one end of the measurement member fixed to one side of the two measurement points and the other end of the measurement member held to the other side of the two measurement points, and is provided with an excess part near the other end of the measurement member that indicates the degree of deformation of the structure, and the excess part follows the relative displacement between the two measurement points.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a relative displacement display device that displays the state of deformation of a wooden structure or the like due to an earthquake or the like, and to a structure equipped with the same. [Background technology]

[0002] When a wooden house or other structure is damaged by an earthquake or strong wind, it is necessary to assess whether the safety of the structure is ensured and how dangerous the structure is. However, there is a problem as to how to assess the danger of the structure.

[0003] The risk of a structure can be judged based on the degree of damage to its main structural members, such as the framework, wall materials, braces, etc. Conventionally, the appearance of the main structural members of a structure is inspected visually, and the level of damage is judged from the inspection results to confirm the risk.

[0004] However, while it is desirable to carry out conventional visual risk assessments of structures as soon as possible after an earthquake, there is a problem in that it takes time to inspect the appearance of the structural components of the structure itself. Furthermore, in the case of structures whose structural components are covered with finishing materials or fireproof coatings, not only does it take time, but it can also be difficult to inspect the appearance by visual inspection. It is possible to inspect the structural components by removing the finishing materials and fireproof coatings, but this takes time and is costly, resulting in a large economic burden.

[0005] Moreover, the inter-story displacement measuring device disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a scale, a pointer, and a transmission member. The scale has markings fixed to the upper story. The pointer is slidably disposed on the scale and indicates the markings on the scale. The transmission member is fixed to the lower story and moves with the relative displacement between stories, pushing the pointer on the scale from the measurement base point by the amount of relative displacement between stories. In this device, the maximum inter-story displacement amount is measured based on the stop position and markings of the pointer. The residual displacement amount is measured based on the stop position and markings of the inter-story displacement transmitting member.

[0006] However, the structure of the inter-story displacement measuring device in Patent Document 1 is complex, and installation is time-consuming. Also, in order to accurately measure inter-story displacement, the jig for supporting the inter-story displacement measuring device needs to have sufficient rigidity, which makes it difficult to miniaturize the entire device. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2010-249711 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a relative displacement display device which can determine the maximum displacement of a structure such as a wooden building when it is damaged by an earthquake or the like, and can grasp the degree of damage, remaining rigidity and strength of the structure, and which allows even non-experts to easily determine the degree of danger to the structure, does not require a supply of electricity or the like, has a simple device structure and requires no maintenance, is highly durable, and can be made compact. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] A relative displacement display device according to one embodiment of the present invention is a relative displacement display device that displays the state of deformation of a wooden structure or the like due to an earthquake or the like, and is installed between two measurement points on the frame of the structure to measure the relative displacement of the distance between the measurement points before and after deformation, the two measurement points include points near the corners at both ends of a diagonal line of a specified surface, and is provided with a linear or belt-shaped measuring member that measures the relative displacement between the two measurement points, the measuring member being longer than the distance between the measurement points, one end of which is fixed to one side of the two measurement points and the other end of which is held on the other side of the two measurement points, and is positioned between the two measurement points, and is provided with an excess portion near the end of the other side of the measuring member that indicates the degree of deformation of the structure, and the excess portion follows the relative displacement between the two measurement points.

[0010] According to this configuration, when a structure is subjected to an external force such as an earthquake, the amount of relative displacement between two measurement points for measuring the deformation of the structure due to the external force and the degree of deformation of the structure are displayed on the extra length of the measurement member pulled between the two measurement points, so it is possible to provide a highly reliable relative displacement display device that does not require a supply of electricity, has a simple structure and does not require maintenance, is highly durable, and is easy to install.In addition, it is possible to reduce costs.

[0011] In addition, the amount of relative displacement between two measurement points can be converted into the horizontal displacement of the structure, making it possible to determine the degree of damage to the structure, as well as its remaining rigidity and strength. This relative displacement display device can measure the distance between two points where deformation has occurred due to an external force such as an earthquake, increasing the accuracy of the measurement.

[0012] In addition, since the two measurement points of this relative displacement display device include points near the corners at both ends of the diagonal of a specified surface, the displacement caused by deformation is greater than when two points that are not on a diagonal are used, resulting in better measurement accuracy.

[0013] In addition, this relative displacement display device is a relative displacement display device that displays the state of deformation of a wooden structure or the like due to an earthquake, etc., and is installed between two measurement points on the frame of the structure to measure the relative displacement of the distance between the measurement points before and after deformation, the two measurement points include points near the corners at both ends of a diagonal line of a specified surface, and is provided with a linear or belt-shaped measuring member that measures the relative displacement between the two measurement points, the measuring member is longer than the distance between the measurement points, and is positioned between the two measurement points with both ends fixed to one side and the other side of the two measurement points, respectively, and is provided with an excess portion in the middle of the measuring member that indicates the degree of deformation of the structure, and a storage member that stores the excess portion, and the excess portion follows the relative displacement between the two measurement points.

[0014] The relative displacement display device described above measures relative displacement using the excess length at the end of the measurement member located near the corner of a specific surface of the framework, but this configuration has the excess length located near the middle of the measurement member. In this way, it is possible to measure deformation of a structure due to an earthquake, etc., in the same way as the above-mentioned relative displacement display device.

[0015] In addition, the relative displacement display device is characterized in that the extra length portion has a plurality of divided areas according to the degree of danger of the structure. With this configuration, even non-experts can easily judge the degree of danger of the structure.

[0016] In addition, the relative displacement display device is characterized in that each of the divided areas is colored in a different color. With this configuration, even a non-expert can quickly and easily determine the degree of danger of the structure just by looking at the color of the scale.

[0017] Moreover, this relative displacement display device is characterized in that the extra length has a scale for indicating the amount of relative displacement between the two measurement points. With this configuration, the scale on the extra length allows the amount of relative displacement between the two measurement points to be measured, so that even non-experts can easily determine the degree of danger of the structure by simply visually checking the scale.

[0018] This relative displacement display device is also characterized in that a plurality of spheres are arranged at equal intervals in the extra length portion. With this configuration, the amount of relative displacement between two measurement points can be visually confirmed at a glance by the spheres arranged at equal intervals, i.e., by the number of spheres displaced, so that the degree of danger of the structure can be easily determined. The spheres are assumed to be, for example, rubber or resin balls.

[0019] In addition, in the relative displacement display device, it is preferable that the measuring member is a metal wire. With this configuration, the measuring member is less likely to break or stretch than a thread or string, etc., and is preferable. The wire member may also be made of carbon.

[0020] Moreover, this relative displacement display device includes a first holding member that is fixed to a pillar or beam of the framework at a measurement point on one side of the two measurement points and that fixes one end of the measurement member. With this configuration, by fixing the measurement member with the first holding member, the measurement member can be reliably fixed, and the relative displacement between the two measurement points can be reliably measured.

[0021] Moreover, this relative displacement display device further includes a second holding member that is fixed to a pillar or beam of the framework at the other measurement point of the two measurement points and holds the other side of the measurement member, so that when a force is applied to the measurement member, the excess length portion on the other side of the measurement member can move relative to the measurement point on the other side. With this configuration, the measurement member is firmly held by the first holding member and the second holding member, making it possible to stably measure the amount of relative displacement between the two measurement points.

[0022] In addition, in this relative displacement display device, a second holding member arranged on the other side of the two measurement points holds the measurement member so that when a force is applied to the structure to deform the framework and a force is applied to the measurement member to pull it, the excess part on the other side of the measurement member is irreversibly sent to the measurement point on one side. With this configuration, the measurement member is securely held by the second holding member, and when it is pulled by tension from the measurement point on one side, the excess part is sent to the measurement point on one side, so that a highly reliable relative displacement display device can be provided.

[0023] In addition, this relative displacement display device is configured so that the first holding member or the second holding member has a through hole through which the measuring member can be inserted, and when the measuring member is inserted into the through hole, the excess portion is free to be sent out when one side of the measuring member is pulled, but is locked when the other side is pulled in the opposite direction.

[0024] With this configuration, the excess portion of the measuring member moves in one direction only when deformation occurs, and does not return or move in the other direction when returning, so there is no unintended movement of the excess portion, making it possible to reliably measure the displacement caused by deformation.

[0025] In addition, this relative displacement display device is configured so that the second holding member has a through hole through which the measuring member can be inserted, and when the measuring member is inserted into the through hole, the measuring member is free to resist pulling from the other side, but is locked when pulled from one side in the opposite direction up to a predetermined amount, and when pulled beyond the predetermined amount, the excess portion of the measuring member is sent out to one side.

[0026] According to this configuration, when the measuring member is installed, it is prevented from moving unintentionally, allowing the measuring member to be installed securely, and when a force exceeding a predetermined magnitude is applied to the measuring member due to an earthquake or the like, the excess part moves, allowing the displacement caused by deformation to be measured reliably. In other words, the tension exceeding the predetermined magnitude referred to here means that the small tension applied when the measuring member is installed is locked, and a tension exceeding that magnitude (a tension that causes deformation of the structure due to an earthquake, etc.) is applied.

[0027] In addition, this relative displacement display device has a plurality of spheres arranged at equal intervals in the excess length portion, the second retaining member is fixed to a pillar or beam of the frame, and has a through hole through which the measuring member can be inserted, the through hole having a diameter approximately the same as or smaller than the diameter of the spheres.

[0028] According to this configuration, the amount of relative displacement between two measurement points can be visually recognized at a glance by the spheres arranged at equal intervals, i.e., by the number of spheres displaced, and therefore the degree of danger of the structure can be easily determined. The spheres are assumed to be rubber or resin spheres, for example. Furthermore, by making the through-hole of the second holding member have a diameter equal to or smaller than the diameter of the spheres, the spheres do not pass through inadvertently, and only when a certain degree of force is generated due to an earthquake or the like, the spheres pass through the through-hole, and the displacement can be recognized reliably.

[0029] In addition, in this relative displacement display device, the second holding member is fixed to a pillar or beam of the framework, a through hole through which a measuring member can be inserted is provided, and a stopper that does not pass through the through hole is provided in the excess length. With this configuration, the holding member can be made of a very simple structure, and the measuring member is not moved inadvertently by the stopper, allowing the displacement to be stably recognized.

[0030] In addition, in this relative displacement display device, a second stopper is further provided on the excess length portion, closer to the tip than the stopper, and the second stopper is configured not to come off until a tensile force greater than the tensile force of the stopper is generated in the measuring member. With this configuration, when an unexpectedly large force is applied, the movement of the measuring member is restricted by the second stopper, thereby preventing the measuring member from being lost, etc.

[0031] Moreover, this relative displacement display device is characterized in that in a frame composed of the columns and beams of a structure, a panel is provided within the frame, an opening is formed in the panel that penetrates in the thickness direction, and the measuring member is inserted through the opening from the back side of the panel. With this configuration, by leaving only the excess part of the measuring member for checking the degree of deformation of the structure on the front side of the panel, the relative displacement display device does not take up space in the room.

[0032] In addition, the relative displacement display device is characterized in that the measuring member includes a cover member that covers at least a portion of the excess length. According to this configuration, since at least a portion of the excess length includes the cover member, the surface of the excess length of the measuring member can be protected.

[0033] In addition, this relative displacement display device is characterized in that the end of the cover member is fixed to the back side of the face material. With this configuration, even if the face material rotates due to an earthquake or the like, the cover member may also rotate, but this will not affect the length of the measurement member passing through the cover member, making it possible to measure displacement with high accuracy.

[0034] In addition, the relative displacement display device is characterized in that the cover member is made of rubber or resin. According to this configuration, since the cover member is made of rubber or resin, it is light, has excellent flexibility, and is durable, and can be easily molded and processed.

[0035] In addition, in this relative displacement display device, the storage member is provided with a through hole through which the measuring member can be inserted, the excess portion is stored inside the storage member, one end of the excess portion of the measuring member is fixed and the other end is not fixed, and when a force is applied to the structure to deform the framework, and the measuring member is pulled by a force, the other end side of the excess portion is irreversibly sent out to the outside of the storage member. With this configuration, stable displacement measurement is possible even when the excess portion of the measuring member is placed in a middle position instead of a corner.

[0036] Moreover, a structure according to one aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the above-mentioned relative deviation display device is arranged on predetermined faces in the X-direction and Y-direction of the framework of the structure. According to this configuration, by arranging the relative deviation display device on predetermined faces in the X-direction and Y-direction of the structure, it is possible to measure the displacement in both cases where the structure is deformed in the X-direction and the Y-direction.

[0037] In addition, in this structure, the relative deviation display device according to claim 1 or 2 is disposed on a predetermined surface in the X direction and the Y direction of each floor of the frame of the structure. According to this configuration, by disposing the relative deviation display device on a predetermined surface in the X direction and the Y direction of each floor of the structure, it is possible to measure the displacement of each floor in either case of the structure being deformed in the X direction or the Y direction. Effect of the Invention

[0038] According to the relative displacement display device of the present invention, it is possible to provide a simply configured relative displacement display device that can quickly and easily confirm the maximum displacement and degree of danger of a structure after an earthquake. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0039] [Figure 1] 1 is a front view showing a state in which a relative displacement display device according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed on a structure. [Diagram 2] 5A to 5C are explanatory views showing the configuration and operation of a first holding member. [Diagram 3] 5A to 5C are explanatory views showing the configuration and operation of a second holding member. [Figure 4] 4 is a cross-sectional view of the surface material showing the state in which the measuring member is installed on the surface material. FIG. [Diagram 5] 5A to 5C are diagrams illustrating the operation of the relative displacement display device. [Figure 6] FIG. 4 is a front view showing the configuration of an excess portion of the measuring member. [Figure 7] 13 is a front view showing a configuration of an excess portion of a measuring member according to another embodiment. FIG. [Figure 8] 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of a structure to which a relative displacement display device is applied; [Figure 9] FIG. 11 is a front view showing a state in which a relative displacement display device according to another embodiment is installed on a structure. [Figure 10] FIG. 11 is a front view showing a state in which a relative displacement display device according to another embodiment is installed on a structure. [Figure 11] 4 is a flowchart of the relative displacement display device according to the present embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0040] A relative displacement display device according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below. Note that the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. Furthermore, the components in the following embodiment include those that are replaceable and easy for a person skilled in the art, or those that are substantially the same. Furthermore, the configurations described below can be combined as appropriate. Furthermore, various omissions, substitutions, or modifications of the configuration can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0041] The relative displacement display device 1 is installed between two measurement points 5a, 5b of the frame of a structure as shown in Fig. 1, and measures the relative displacement of the distance between the measurement points 5a, 5b before and after deformation, and may be installed at any position of the structure. In this embodiment, it is installed on the foundation 2 and the beam 4 as shown in Fig. 1.

[0042] This relative displacement display device 1 is equipped with a linear measuring member 5 that is fixed to a first holding member 6 fixed to one of the measurement points 5a and a second holding member 7 fixed to the other of the two measurement points 5b, is positioned between the two measurement points 5a, 5b, and measures the amount of relative displacement between the two measurement points 5a, 5b in response to the relative displacement between the two measurement points 5a, 5b.

[0043] One side of the measuring member 5 is fixed at one of the two measurement points, 5a, and the other side of the measuring member 5 is the other measurement point 5b, so that when a force is applied to the measuring member 5, the measuring member 5 can move relative to the other measurement point 5b.

[0044] The measuring member 5 is made of a wire material, and is a metal steel wire. In this embodiment, it is a metal steel wire, but it may be a carbon wire member, a belt, etc. The measuring member 5 is formed to an appropriate length that is longer than the distance between the two measuring points 5a and 5b.

[0045] Moreover, the end of the measuring member 5 is provided with an excess part 50 that indicates the degree of deformation of the structure. Specifically, when the measuring member 5 is installed on the structure, the portion of the measuring member 5 from the other measuring point 5b to the other end of the measuring member 5 is the excess part 50.

[0046] The extra length portion 50 has a plurality of divided regions according to the degree of deformation of the structure. In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 6, the first region 50a is divided into "no problem", the second region 50b is divided into "caution required", and the third region 50c is divided into "danger", and each region is given a different color, with the first region 50a being blue, the second region 50b being yellow, and the third region 50c being red. It is preferable to give the second region 50b, "caution required", and the third region 50c, "danger", a color that calls attention.

[0047] Furthermore, the extra length portion 50 may have a scale for indicating the amount of relative displacement between the two measurement points 5a, 5b. By having the scale, the amount of relative displacement of the diagonal distance between the two measurement points 5a, 5b can be easily measured.

[0048] As shown in FIG. 6, for example, when the height direction length h between the two points 5a, 5b is 2800 mm and the width direction length w is 805 mm, the length of the excess length 50 is formed to 29 mm so that the interlayer deformation angle can be measured up to 1 / 30 rad.

[0049] As shown in FIG. 6, for example, the first region 50a has an inter-story deformation angle of less than 1 / 120 rad, the second region 50b has an inter-story deformation angle of 1 / 120 rad to 1 / 50 rad, and the third region 50c has an inter-story deformation angle of 1 / 50 rad to 1 / 30 rad. The length of the first region 50a is 7 mm, the length of the first region 50a + the second region 50b is 17 mm, and the length of the first region 50a + the second region 50b + the third region 50c is 29 mm.

[0050] 7, a plurality of rubber balls 54 may be arranged at equal intervals in the excess length portion 50 of the measuring member 5. The rubber balls 54 are, for example, vulcanized and bonded to the measuring member 5, increasing the fixing strength. The diameter of the rubber balls 54 is slightly larger than the minimum inner diameter of an opening 8c penetrating the thickness direction of the face material 8, which will be described later, so that the measuring member 5 is unlikely to come out of the opening 8c of the face material 8, and the rubber balls 54 pass through the opening 8c only when a certain load or more is applied due to an earthquake or the like.

[0051] Depending on the degree of deformation of the structure, the first area 50a is divided into "no problem", the second area 50b is "caution required", and the third area 50c is "dangerous". Each area is given a different color: the first area 50a is blue, the second area 50b is yellow, and the third area 50c is red.

[0052] The first holding member 6 is fixed to the framework at one 5a of the two measurement points. In this embodiment, it is fixed to the foundation 2 of the structure. The first holding member 6 grips and fixes one side of the measurement member 5.

[0053] When the first holding member 6 is pulled by tension from one of the measurement points 5a (tension from the lower left direction in Figures 1 and 5(a)), it sends the measurement member 5 toward one of the measurement points 5a (to the lower left direction in Figures 1 and 5(a)) in accordance with the tension.

[0054] In the relative displacement display device 1, even if the structure tilts due to an external force such as an earthquake, causing a relative displacement that expands the distance between the two specified points 5a, 5b for measuring the deformation of the structure, and the measuring member 5 is pulled by tension relatively from the other measuring point side 5b (pulling from the upper right direction in Figures 1 and 5(a)), the measuring member 5 remains fixed by the first holding member 6, and the measuring member 5 is not sent out to the inside of the frame (the upper right side of Figure 5(a)).

[0055] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the first holding member 6 locks the movement of the measuring member 5 when the measuring member 5 is pulled from the upward direction of the figure shown in FIG. 2, and allows the measuring member 5 to move freely when the measuring member 5 is pulled from the downward direction of the figure.

[0056] With this configuration, when installing the relative displacement display device 1, the tension of the measurement member 5 can be adjusted by pulling and sending out the measurement member 5 from one side of the measurement point 5a, and the measurement member can be installed in a tightly tensed state. Even if the measurement member 5 is pulled toward the other side of the measurement point 5b, the measurement member 5 will not be sent out to the inside of the framework, so the measurement member 5 can be securely fixed.

[0057] On the other hand, the second holding member 7 is fixed to the framework on the other side 5b of the two measurement points. In this embodiment, it is fixed to the beam 4 of the structure. The second holding member 7 holds the other side of the measurement member 5.

[0058] When the second holding member 7 is pulled by tension from one of the measurement points 5a (tension from the lower left direction in Figure 5(a)), it irreversibly sends the measurement member 5 toward one of the measurement points 5a (the lower left direction in Figures 1 and 5(a)) in response to the tension.

[0059] Conversely, even if the measuring member 5 is pulled by tension relatively from the other measuring point side 5b (pulling from the upper right direction in Figures 1 and 5(a)), the measuring member 5 remains fixed by the second holding member 7, and the measuring member 5 is not sent out to the outside of the frame (the upper right side in Figures 1 and 5(a)).

[0060] Specifically, as shown in Fig. 3, the second holding member 7 locks the movement of the measuring member 5 when the measuring member 5 is pulled from above in Fig. 3, and allows the measuring member 5 to move freely when the measuring member 5 is pulled from below in Fig. 3. The measuring member 5 (excess length portion 50) protruding from the second holding member 7 is covered with a cover member 51, which will be described later.

[0061] In the relative displacement display device 1, when a structure is tilted by an external force due to an earthquake or the like, causing a relative displacement in which the distance between the two predetermined points 5a, 5b for measuring the deformation of the structure expands, the measurement member 5 is pulled by the tension relatively from one of the measurement points 5a (pulling from the lower left direction in Fig. 1 and Fig. 5(a)), and the measurement member 5 is irreversibly sent out. That is, the excess length portion 50 of the measurement member 5 is sent out toward the inside of the frame by the relative pulling from the lower left direction in Fig. 5(a).

[0062] As shown in Figures 1 and 4, in the frame consisting of the columns 3 and beams 4 of this structure, a panel 8 is provided within the frame, and an opening 8c is formed in the panel 8, penetrating in the thickness direction, and the measuring member 5 is inserted through the opening 8c from the back surface 8b side of the panel 8.

[0063] As shown in Figures 1 and 4, the measuring member 5 is provided with a cover member 51 on the excess portion 50 between the second holding member 7 and the back surface 8b of the face material 8, so that the surface of the excess portion 50 of the measuring member 5 can be protected.

[0064] Since the end of the cover member 51 is fixed to the back surface 8b side of the face material 8, the measurement member 5 can be reliably fixed to the face material 8.

[0065] The cover member 51 is a rubber tube. Since it is a rubber tube, it has excellent elasticity and frictional force. In this embodiment, the cover member 51 is a rubber tube, but it may be made of any flexible material, such as urethane, or other resin.

[0066] 8, each diagonal space between structural members such as columns 3 and beams 4 of a structure may be set as a predetermined two-point space for measuring deformation of the building, and measuring members 5 may be attached along each diagonal line. By installing measuring members 5 in the XY direction, the accuracy of judging the degree of damage, residual rigidity, and strength of the structure can be improved.

[0067] (flow) 11 is a flowchart of the relative displacement display device 1 according to this embodiment. The flow of the relative displacement display device 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

[0068] First, the relative displacement display device 1 is installed at a predetermined location of a structure (S1).

[0069] In a structure, the diagonal intervals between the structural members such as columns 3 and beams 4 are set as two predetermined points for measuring deformation of the building, and the measuring member 5 is installed along each diagonal line together with the first holding member 6 and the second holding member 7. When installing the measuring member 5 at the two points to be measured, the measuring member 5 is pulled in the opposite direction to the other measuring point 5b, so that the measuring member 5 is in a taut state. Here, the length of the diagonal line between the diagonals is L, as shown in FIG. 5(a).

[0070] Next, measurement is started, and when an earthquake or the like occurs and deformation occurs in the structure (S2), tension acts on the measurement member 5 as the structure deforms, and the measurement member 5 is pulled from the second holding member 7 toward one of the measurement points 5a, and is sent out (S3).

[0071] As shown in Fig. 5(b), when a structure is subjected to an external force such as an earthquake, the length of the diagonal between the diagonals increases by d to L+d, and the measuring member 5 is pulled in by d toward one of the measuring points 5a. Therefore, the length of the excess part 50 of the measuring member 5 protruding from the surface 8a side of the face material 8 is shortened by d.

[0072] The measuring member 5, which has been pulled and sent out due to the deformation of the structure, is irreversibly held by the second holding member 7, and although it may be sent out further as the deformation of the structure progresses, the measuring member 5 will not recede in the opposite direction within the second holding member 7 even when the deformation of the structure returns to normal and the distance between the two points 5a, 5b is reduced. As shown in Figure 5(c), when the deformation of this structure returns to normal after an earthquake, the measuring member 5 becomes loose between the two points 5a, 5b.

[0073] Specifically, when an earthquake or the like occurs, the measuring member 5, which is semi-fixed irreversibly by the second holding member 7, slides in the direction of one side 5a of the measuring point due to deformation, and is sent out (S3). At this time, the measuring member only loosens in the opposite direction, and the measuring member 5 does not move out.

[0074] Thereafter, when the earthquake or the like stops and the measuring member 5 comes to rest, it will be held in the position where it was slid out (S4).

[0075] Next, if another earthquake or the like occurs and the deformation is greater than the first one, the measuring member 5 is again slid forward and held in place. If the deformation this time is smaller than the first one, the measuring member 5 is not sent forward and holds its previous state. In this way, the maximum deformation of the structure that has occurred between the previous measurement and the measurement of the movement of the measuring member 5 this time is measured.

[0076] During the measurement period, S2 to S4 are repeated (NO in S5), and when the measurement is completed (YES in S5), the final accumulated deformation amount is confirmed (S6).

[0077] The maximum displacement in the diagonal distance can be determined by the length of the excess part 50 from the other end 5b of the final measurement point to the other end, i.e., the length or color of the excess part 50 of the measurement member 5 coming out from the front surface 8a side of the facing material 8, and can be converted into the maximum horizontal displacement. The degree of damage to the structure, as well as the remaining rigidity and strength, can be determined from this maximum horizontal displacement.

[0078] After the measurement is completed, the measuring member 5 is pulled to return it to its original taut state.

[0079] In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, both ends of the measuring member 5 are fixed to one measuring point 5a and the other measuring point 5b.

[0080] The measuring member 5 has an excess length portion 50 between one side and the other side of the measuring member 5, which indicates the degree of deformation of the structure, and the relative displacement display device 1 has a storage member 12 that stores the excess length portion 50 inside in a bent state.

[0081] When the measurement member 5 is relatively pulled toward the other measurement point 5b, the storage member 12 irreversibly sends out the measurement member 5 from the inside to the other measurement point 5b. On the other hand, the storage member 12 is configured so that the measurement member 5 once sent out does not enter again.

[0082] Furthermore, in another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, an eyebolt 9 is fixed to one of the measurement points 5a, and a fixture 10 is fixed to the other of the measurement points 5b.

[0083] One end of the measuring member 5 is inserted through a ring-shaped head 9a of an eyebolt 9 and fixed with a wire clip 11. The other end of the measuring member 5 is inserted through a through hole 10a provided in a fixture 10 and fixed.

[0084] The measuring member 5 includes a first retaining member 52 and a second retaining member 53 that prevent the measuring member 5 from being pulled out of the through hole 10a of the fixing device 10.

[0085] The first slip-out prevention member 52 is disposed at a portion of the measuring member 5 that protrudes from the fixing device 10. The first slip-out prevention member 52 is a member made of rubber, resin, or metal.

[0086] The second fall-off prevention member 53 is disposed closer to the tip of the measuring member 5 than the first fall-off prevention member 52. The second fall-off prevention member 53 is made of rubber or metal. If it is made of rubber, it is easy to process and can be easily attached to the measuring member 5, and if it is made of metal, it has high strength and dimensional accuracy.

[0087] In this embodiment, the measuring member 5 includes the second fall-off prevention member 53, but this is not essential.

[0088] When a tensile force exceeding a certain load is generated in the measurement member 5, the measurement member 5 moves toward one measurement point 5a with respect to the first fall-off prevention member 52.

[0089] As described above, preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described. However, the present invention is of course not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modified or altered examples within the scope of the claims also fall within the technical scope of the present invention.

[0090] In the above embodiment, the cover member 51 is provided on the excess length portion 50 of the measuring member 5, but a measuring member 5 without this cover member 51 may be used, or the cover member 51 may be provided on the entire measuring member 5. Also, in the above embodiment, the excess length portion 50 has a plurality of areas divided according to the degree of danger of the structure, and each area is given a different color, but letters or numbers may be displayed in each area.

[0091] In the above embodiment, the excess length 50 is disposed at the upper corner of the framework, but the excess length 50 can be disposed at the lower corner. In this case, the end of the measuring member 5 is fixed at the upper corner, and the measuring member 5 is configured to be relatively movable at the lower corner. [Explanation of symbols]

[0092] 1 Relative displacement display device 2. Foundation 3 Pillars 4 beams 5 Measuring Parts 5a,5b measurement point 50 Extra length 50a 1st area 50b 2nd area 50c 3rd area 51 Cover member 52 First fall-out prevention member 53 Second anti-slip member 54 Rubber Ball 6 First holding member 7 Second holding member 8. Surface Material 8a Surface of the facing 8b Back side of the surface material 8c opening 9 Eyebolt 10 Fixtures 11 Wire Clip 12 Storage materials

Claims

1. A relative displacement display device that displays the state of deformation of a wooden structure or the like due to an earthquake or the like, It is installed between two measurement points on the frame of the structure to measure the relative displacement between the measurement points before and after deformation. The two measurement points include points near corners at both ends on a diagonal line of a predetermined surface, and a linear or belt-shaped measurement member is provided for measuring a relative displacement between the two measurement points; the measuring member is longer than the distance between the measurement points, one end of the measuring member is fixed to one side of the two measurement points, and the other end of the measuring member is held on the other side of the two measurement points, and the measuring member is disposed between the two measurement points; A relative displacement display device characterized in that a surplus portion indicating the degree of deformation of the structure is provided near the other end of the measuring member, and the surplus portion follows the relative displacement between the two measuring points.

2. A relative displacement display device that displays the state of deformation of a wooden structure or the like due to an earthquake or the like, It is installed between two measurement points on the frame of the structure to measure the relative displacement between the measurement points before and after deformation. The two measurement points include points near corners at both ends on a diagonal line of a predetermined surface, and a linear or belt-shaped measurement member is provided for measuring a relative displacement between the two measurement points; the measuring member is longer than the distance between the measurement points, and both ends of the measuring member are fixed to one side and the other side of the two measurement points, respectively, and the measuring member is disposed between the two measurement points; A relative displacement display device comprising: an excess portion in the middle of the measuring member, which indicates the degree of deformation of the structure; and a storage member for storing the excess portion, the excess portion being adapted to follow the relative displacement between the two measuring points.

3. The excess portion has a plurality of divided regions according to the degree of deformation of the structure.

3. The relative displacement display device according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The plurality of divided regions are each assigned a different color.

4. The relative displacement display device according to claim 3.

5. The extra length portion has a scale for indicating a relative displacement between the two measurement points.

3. The relative displacement display device according to claim 1 or 2.

6. A plurality of spheres are arranged at equal intervals in the extra length portion.

3. The relative displacement display device according to claim 1 or 2.

7. The measuring member is a metal wire.

3. The relative displacement display device according to claim 1 or 2.

8. A first holding member is provided which is fixed to a column or beam of the frame at a measurement point on one side of the two measurement points and which fixes one end of the measurement member.

2. The relative displacement display device according to claim 1.

9. A second holding member is fixed to the column or beam of the frame at a measurement point on the other side of the two measurement points and holds the other side of the measurement member, When a force is applied to the measuring member, the excess portion on the other side of the measuring member is movable relative to a measurement point on the other side.

9. The relative displacement display device according to claim 8.

10. The second holding member arranged on the other side of the two measurement points is the measuring member is held so that when a force is applied to the structure to deform the frame and the measuring member is pulled by a force, the excess portion on the other side of the measuring member is irreversibly sent toward the measuring point on one side; 10. The relative displacement display device according to claim 9.

12. The first holding member or the second holding member is A through hole through which the measuring member can be inserted is provided, When the measuring member is inserted into the through hole, the excess portion is free to be fed when one side of the measuring member is pulled, and is locked when the other side is pulled in the opposite direction.

10. The relative displacement display device according to claim 9.

12. The second holding member is A through hole through which the measuring member can be inserted is provided, When the measuring member is inserted into the through hole, the measuring member is free to be pulled from the other side, but is locked when pulled from one side in the opposite direction up to a predetermined magnitude, and the excess portion of the measuring member is sent out to one side when pulled beyond the predetermined magnitude.

10. The relative displacement display device according to claim 9.

13. A plurality of spheres are arranged at equal intervals in the extra length portion, The second holding member is It is fixed to the pillars or beams of the frame, A through hole through which the measuring member can be inserted is provided, The through hole has a diameter equal to or smaller than the diameter of the sphere.

10. The relative displacement display device according to claim 9.

14. The second holding member is It is fixed to the pillars or beams of the frame, A through hole is provided through which the measuring member can be inserted, The excess portion is provided with a stopper that does not pass through the through hole.

10. The relative displacement display device according to claim 9.

15. The extra length portion is further provided with a second stopper on the tip side of the stopper, The second stopper is configured not to be removed until a tensile force greater than the tensile force of the stopper is generated in the measuring member.

15. The relative displacement display device according to claim 14.

16. In a structure consisting of columns and beams, a surface material is provided within the structure, The face material has an opening formed therethrough in a thickness direction, The measuring member is inserted through the opening from the back side of the face material.

3. The relative displacement display device according to claim 1 or 2.

17. The measuring member includes a cover member that covers at least a portion of the excess length.

17. The relative displacement display device according to claim 16.

18. An end portion of the cover member is fixed to the back surface side of the face material.

18. The relative displacement display device according to claim 17.

19. The cover member is made of rubber or resin.

19. The relative displacement display device according to claim 18.

20. The storage member is provided with a through hole through which the measuring member can be inserted, and the excess portion is stored inside the storage member, One end of the excess portion of the measuring member is fixed and the other end is not fixed, When a force is applied to the structure and the frame is deformed, and when a force is applied to the measuring member and the measuring member is pulled, the other end side of the excess portion is irreversibly sent out to the outside of the storage member.

3. The relative displacement display device according to claim 2.

21. 3. A structure, wherein the relative deviation display device according to claim 1 or 2 is arranged on predetermined planes in the X-direction and Y-direction of the framework of the structure.

22. A structure, wherein the relative deviation display device according to claim 1 or 2 is arranged on predetermined faces in the X-direction and Y-direction of each story in the framework of the structure.

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