Regional power transmission path deformation monitoring method using insar technology in complex environment, and system

Abstract

To provide a regional power transmission path deformation monitoring method using InSAR technology, which has high real-time performance, a wide monitoring range, a short period, high efficiency, and low cost, and a system.SOLUTION: A power transmission tower deformation monitoring system is installed on each power transmission tower of a regional power transmission path, and includes a power transmission tower position sensor, a power transmission tower inclination sensor, a power transmission tower body sensor, and a power line sensor. Sensor information acquired by each sensor is transmitted to a central server via a first communication device, and the central server includes a computer, a second communication device, and a synthetic aperture radar satellite SAR data receiving device, and the second communication device communicates bidirectionally with the first communication device.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ground building deformation detection, and relates to a method and system for monitoring regional power transmission line deformation using InSAR technology in complex environments. [Background technology]

[0002] China Patent Publication CN114111654A discloses a “Method and system for monitoring landslides near power transmission roads based on D-InSAR technology”, which includes the steps of: using digital elevation model (DEM) data and Sentinel-1 satellite high precision orbit determination products to perform initial registration on SAR images, then performing repeated high precision registration, and performing quality analysis on the registered images; interferometrically combining the registrable SLC data to generate corresponding differential interferograms; optimizing the differential interferograms using D-InSAR technology based on a singular value decomposition optimization algorithm to select points with higher coherence than a set coherence coefficient; performing quality analysis on the set of differential interferograms, and obtaining deformation results of a study area including landslide areas near power transmission roads using time-series SAR technology; and performing monitoring analysis on landslide areas near power transmission roads based on topography and terrain conditions, historical landslide points and latitude of the power transmission road.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication CN113960596A discloses a "method for monitoring three-dimensional deformation of landslides based on Beidou and PS-InSAR", which includes the steps of processing target landslides based on ascending and descending trajectory SAR data and PS-InSAR technology to obtain preliminary deformation monitoring results; performing grid division based on the distribution characteristics of the deformation monitoring results and arranging receivers in each grid based on preset rules; performing continuous monitoring of the target area and obtaining synchronous monitoring data based on SAR satellites and Beidou; obtaining the cumulative surface shape deformation of PS (Permanent Scatter) points in the entire area within the monitoring time period using a terrain trend fitting interpolation method based on DEM data; forming a calculation grid for deformation data of the Beidou receiver based on the distribution conditions of the Beidou receivers and terrain elements; resolving the grid based on the deformation data, performing data fusion on the surface shape deformation results of each location, obtaining three-dimensional deformation results of each grid, and performing smoothing processing on the grid boundaries to obtain a final three-dimensional deformation result.

[0004] Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) is an active space-to-ground microwave remote sensing technology that is not affected by conditions such as clouds and rain, and can obtain ground elevation or deformation information over a wide area, at low cost and with high spatial resolution. It has developed rapidly in the past 30 years and has been widely applied in many fields such as earthquake deformation research, urban subsidence monitoring, landslide monitoring, mine deformation monitoring, and water conservancy engineering safety monitoring. Many countries and organizations have launched or are planning to launch multiple SAR satellites in recent years, further driving the development of InSAR technology and applications.

[0005] However, InSAR also has its own limitations, and is susceptible to atmospheric delay errors and space-time uncorrelated noise, which in serious cases can confuse real deformation signals and lead to misjudgment of InSAR deformation results. D-InSAR technology uses two-scene or multi-scene SLC images covering different times of the same area to obtain interference signals by complex conjugation, and was first used to create topographical maps and obtain three-dimensional surface topography data. Since InSAR interference signals are related to deformation in addition to elevation, they can be used to obtain micro-representation deformation information, called Differential Interferometric SAR Analysis (Differential InSAR, D-InSAR) technology, after removing the terrain phase contribution. This technology has obtained the coseismic deformation field of the Landers earthquake and attracted the attention of scholars around the world. However, errors such as uncorrelated noise and atmospheric delay have significantly reduced the reliability of monitoring D-InSAR technology, so its application scenes are mainly limited to monitoring areas with large deformation levels such as earthquakes, geological tectonic movements, and volcanoes, and the accuracy can generally only be achieved at the decimeter to centimeter level.

[0006] In order to overcome the limitations of traditional D-InSAR technology and improve the precision monitoring capability of InSAR technology for surface deformation, many scholars at home and abroad have developed a series of time-series InSAR (TS-InSAR) technologies based on D-InSAR technology, also known as multi-temporal InSAR (MT-InSAR), which has become a research hotspot in the field of InSAR.

[0007] After more than 20 years of development and construction, the Beidou satellite positioning system has provided independent satellite navigation, positioning, timing reception and short message services in China and surrounding areas. The Beidou-3 system has established a high-precision time and space standard, increased inter-satellite communication operation management facilities, realized satellite orbit and clock bias measurement business processing based on joint observation of earth observation satellites and inter-satellite communication, and is equipped with global basic navigation service capabilities such as positioning, speed measurement and timing reception. At the same time, the construction of ground facilities for short message communication, satellite navigation augmentation, international search and rescue, precise point positioning and other services has been carried out.

[0008] The electric power industry is an important core industry related to the country's energy security and the country's economy and people's livelihood. In terms of the application of power transmission operations, online monitoring based on Beidou technology has begun to be popularized and applied, but the specific application effects need to be further improved. Beidou has great potential in power-related applications.

[0009] At present, the safety protection of remote power transmission lines mainly adopts video monitoring and manual inspection methods to carry out work, relying too much on personnel experience, lacking scientific system response methods, unable to carry out real-time comprehensive online monitoring of power transmission lines, unable to timely alarm and real-time monitoring for sudden accidents, unable to immediately detect power line failures, miss the optimal timing to take preventive and effective measures, and increase the economic losses and social impacts caused by power line failures. Due to the influence of external environments such as strong winds, floods, geological disasters, and other factors such as poor construction quality, uneven ground and unexpected collisions, the transmission tower will likely cause tilt deformation, which will pose a serious risk to the safety of the power grid. At present, the safety situation of some power transmission towers is a concern, but monitoring methods such as manual inspection have shortcomings such as long cycles and low efficiency, and are unable to timely detect the tilt of the transmission tower due to sudden accidents, which will lead to further escalation of the situation and is more likely to affect the power supply reliability of the power grid. At present, conventional monitoring means, which are mainly artificial, are no longer able to meet the disaster prevention and mitigation requirements of power grids under the background of wide-area energy Internet. A comprehensive monitoring and alarm means with high real-time performance, wide monitoring range, short cycle, high efficiency and low cost is needed to efficiently and reliably obtain power grid equipment and operating status data, and realize the transformation of intelligent and informationized inspection work into "data intelligent-driven". Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] In order to solve the above technical problems, the first aspect of this application presents a system for monitoring regional power transmission line deformation using InSAR technology in complex environments, including a central server and a power transmission tower deformation monitoring device; The transmission tower deformation monitoring device is provided on each transmission tower of a regional transmission line, includes a transmission tower position sensor, a transmission tower inclination sensor, a transmission tower body sensor, and a power line sensor, and the transmission tower deformation monitoring device transmits sensor information acquired by each sensor to a central server via a first communication device; The central server includes a computer, a second communication device, and a synthetic aperture radar satellite SAR data receiving device, and the satellite SAR data receiving device receives SAR multi-scene SLC image information at different times in a regional transmission line area transmitted by the SAR; The computer is further connected to a second communication device, the second communication device being in bidirectional communication with the first communication device.

[0011] In the system described in the first aspect of the present application, the first communication device and the second communication device include a wired communication network, a Beidou (BD) short message communication network, and a wireless communication network.

[0012] In the system described in the first aspect of the present application, the wireless communication network includes a wireless communication module installed in a transmission tower, a wireless communication module installed in a central server, and a wireless communication convergence base station, and each wireless communication module is connected via the wireless communication convergence base station to form a two-way communication network.

[0013] In the system according to the first aspect of the present application, the sensor information includes a position of a transmission tower, a tilt angle of a transmission tower utility pole, a subsidence amount of a transmission tower body, and a displacement amount of a transmission line; The transmission tower position sensor includes a Beidou BDS and GPS dual mode positioning module; The transmission tower tilt sensor includes a piezoresistive acceleration sensor, a capacitive acceleration sensor, a piezoelectric acceleration sensor, and a resonant acceleration sensor.

[0014] In the system according to the first aspect of the present application, the transmission tower deformation monitoring device includes a main control module, a temperature measurement module, and a power management module. After receiving the sensor information, the main control module performs temperature compensation correction on the sensor information based on the temperature information provided by the temperature measurement module, and transmits the corrected sensor information to a central server via a first communication device; The power management module supplies power to the transmission tower deformation monitoring device.

[0015] In the system according to the first aspect of the present application, the computer further receives satellite orbit information of the SAR; The computer extracts surface deformation information by performing interference processing on the multi-scene SLC image information of the SAR; The computer generates a geological deformation warning signal for the power transmission area based on the surface deformation information; The computer generates a transmission tower fault alarm signal based on the sensor information uploaded to the transmission tower deformation monitoring device.

[0016] A second aspect of the present application provides a method for monitoring regional power transmission line deformation using InSAR technology in a complex environment for implementing the monitoring system, the monitoring method comprising: The transmission tower deformation monitoring device monitors the tilt angle, subsidence, displacement and geographical position of the transmission tower itself through a plurality of different types of sensors installed on the transmission tower, and the sensor information output by the different types of sensors is uploaded to a central server computer; Step 2: a central server computer receives SAR multi-scene SLC image information at different times of a regional transmission line area transmitted by a synthetic aperture radar satellite SAR; Step 3: a central server computer processes the multi-scene SLC image information of the SAR using interferometry to obtain topographic deformation information of the power transmission line area; Step 4: A central server computer receives the sensor information from step 1, extracts the geographical location information of each transmission tower, and accurately determines the location of the terrain where the deformation occurred; Step 5 includes: the computer on the central server determining whether a geological disaster has occurred on the transmission line and each transmission tower based on the terrain deformation information of step 3, combining the inclination angle, subsidence, and displacement information of the transmission tower, and if a geological disaster occurs, the computer issues an alarm.

[0017] In the method according to the second aspect of the present application, processing the multi-scene SLC image information of the SAR using an interferometric method as described in step 3 includes processing the multi-scene SLC image information of the SAR using a remotely sensed differential interferometric SAR analysis method.

[0018] In the method according to the second aspect of the present application, the differential interferometric SAR analysis method includes a two-orbit method, a three-orbit method and a four-orbit method.

[0019] In the method according to the second aspect of the present application, uploading the sensor information in step 1 includes communicating the sensor information to a computer using a short message function of a Beidou satellite. Effect of the Invention

[0020] Using the method of the present invention, by taking advantage of the characteristics of InSAR such as all-day, all-weather, high accuracy, wide range, long period, and low cost, the key technologies of geological deformation monitoring and processing under complex natural surface conditions of InSAR technology are studied, and surface deformation monitoring with millimeter-level accuracy is realized. Using the long-term sequence map data of InSAR satellites, a comprehensive general survey of geological deformation in power line corridors is carried out, and a "space-land" three-dimensional monitoring system is guided to install Beidou monitoring terminals in areas at risk of geological deformation, so as to comprehensively improve the quality and effectiveness of power line geological risk monitoring. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0021] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the transmission tower tilt monitoring of the present invention. [Diagram 2] 1 is a technology roadmap for InSAR ground deformation monitoring according to the present invention. [Diagram 3] 1 is a flowchart of Seninel-1 TOPS data interference processing according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0022] This application uses InSAR technology to carry out a comprehensive general investigation of the geological deformation risks of power line corridors using long-sequence InSAR satellite image data, and provides guidance to install Beidou monitoring terminals in areas with geological deformation risk. Based on Beidou's high-precision positioning technology, the developed transmission tower tilt monitoring terminal and geological deformation monitoring terminal can unmannedly monitor the posture of transmission towers in key risk areas 24 hours a day, and transmit the monitoring data to the monitoring system via the communication network, monitor the posture of the transmission tower in real time, and provide data support for the operation and inspection department to inspect power line transmission towers and eliminate potential risks of surrounding geological risks, so as to ensure the safety and reliability of the power line.

[0023] Satellite InSAR systems are widely applied to detect earth surface deformation. To isolate the deformation information, the significant influence of earth shape and topographical elements must be removed from the initial interferometric phase, resulting in the Differential Interferometric SAR Analysis (DInSAR) method.

[0024] Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] The first aspect of the present application provides a system for monitoring regional power transmission line deformation in complex environments using InSAR technology, comprising a central server and a power transmission tower deformation monitoring device; The transmission tower deformation monitoring device is installed on each transmission tower of the regional transmission line, and the transmission tower deformation monitoring device includes a transmission tower position sensor, a transmission tower inclination sensor, a transmission tower body sensor, and a power line sensor, and the transmission tower deformation monitoring device transmits sensor information acquired by each sensor to a central server via a first communication device; The central server includes a computer, a second communication device, and a synthetic aperture radar satellite SAR data receiving device, and the satellite SAR data receiving device receives SAR multi-scene SLC image information at different times in a regional transmission line area transmitted by the SAR; The computer is further connected to a second communication device, the second communication device being in bidirectional communication with the first communication device.

[0026] A data transmission base station that supplies power by solar cells and a transmission tower tilt sensor are installed on the transmission tower body, and the tilt state of the transmission tower is monitored in real time, thereby controlling the operation state and environmental state of the transmission tower in real time, and further improving the safety level of the operation of the transmission line and the work efficiency of operation and maintenance. The solar energy data transmission base station collects the environmental and operation state information collected by the transmission tower tilt sensor in real time and transmits it to the monitoring cloud platform through a dedicated secure wireless channel. The wireless communication convergence base station and wireless public network communication also use solar cells to supply power, and instead adopt ADSS / OPGW optical fiber communication and Beidou short message emergency communication to realize communication with the monitoring cloud platform as shown in Figure 1.

[0027] The wireless communication convergence base station sends the collected sensor data to the central server firewall through the public network VPN, then enters the cloud convergence server and application server, the convergence server realizes information processing, information format normalization and data distribution, the application server realizes data storage, warning and information display, the unified cloud platform is applied to the monitoring of the operation data of the entire power grid, and supports multi-tasking mobile applications. The wireless communication convergence base station encrypts the collected sensor data by the secret SM1 / SM2 / SM7 chip hardware, then sends it to the monitoring center firewall, then enters the internal decryptor to decrypt, and the decrypted data is transferred to the monitoring convergence server and application server, the convergence server realizes information processing, information format normalization and data storage, the remote application and mobile APP application realize information transmission by the AES encryption algorithm or a specialized dongle to ensure the security of information.

[0028] The transmission tower position and tilt sensor is a full-function composite node in the wireless sensor network, which integrates a BDS / GPS dual-mode positioning module to complete the positioning of the transmission tower body and the time synchronization function of the wireless network, and also integrates a high-precision tilt sensor to monitor the tilt of the transmission tower body in real time. The node integrates two different channel links to complete upstream and downstream communication, respectively, of which one LoRa long-distance channel completes the long-distance communication between the wireless communication convergence base station and other full-function nodes, and the other 2.4GHz low-power wireless channel completes the communication with other low-power sensor nodes, realizing a hybrid network and reducing the system complexity and total cost of ownership. In order to realize a private and confidential wireless communication transmission network, the wireless data transmission base station is equipped with a secret SM7 encryption chip to transmit to the background information processing system. In micro-power wireless communication such as with sensors, status information is usually non-confidential and the transmission distance is short. Therefore, the information is encrypted using a low-power SM7 encryption chip before being transmitted to the wireless data transmission base station, thereby realizing information security management of the entire process and ensuring information security of the entire information sensing system.

[0029] In the system according to the first aspect of the present application, the first communication device and the second communication device include a wired communication network, a Beidou (BD) short message communication network, and a wireless communication network, the wireless communication network including a 4G communication system and Bluetooth, etc.

[0030] In the system described in the first aspect of the present application, the wireless communication network includes a wireless communication module installed in a transmission tower, a wireless communication module installed in a central server, and a wireless communication convergence base station, and each wireless communication module is connected via the wireless communication convergence base station to form a two-way communication network.

[0031] In the system according to the first aspect of the present application, the sensor information includes a position of a transmission tower, a tilt angle of a transmission tower utility pole, a subsidence amount of a transmission tower body, and a displacement amount of a transmission line; The transmission tower position sensor includes a Beidou BDS and GPS dual mode positioning module; The transmission tower tilt sensor includes a piezoresistive acceleration sensor, a capacitive acceleration sensor, a piezoelectric acceleration sensor, and a resonant acceleration sensor.

[0032] In the system according to the first aspect of the present application, the transmission tower deformation monitoring device includes a main control module, a temperature measurement module, and a power management module. After receiving the sensor information, the main control module performs temperature compensation correction on the sensor information based on the temperature information provided by the temperature measurement module, and transmits the corrected sensor information to a central server via a first communication device; The power management module supplies power to the transmission tower deformation monitoring device.

[0033] Because the transmission tower monitoring terminal may work in complex climatic environments such as outdoors or mountainous areas, its temperature change range is large, but due to the limitations of technical conditions, the measurement accuracy of the inclination angle monitoring system even in the Beidou positioning system will decrease with temperature changes. In order to maintain high measurement accuracy even in the temperature range of -40 to 85 degrees Celsius and avoid missed reporting and false alarm information of the transmission tower monitoring terminal, effective temperature compensation technology must be adopted.

[0034] In the system according to the first aspect of the present application, the computer further receives satellite orbit information of the SAR to assist in orbital precision correction; The computer extracts surface deformation information by performing interference processing on the multi-scene SLC image information of the SAR; The computer generates a geological deformation warning signal for the power transmission area based on the surface deformation information; The computer generates a transmission tower fault alarm signal based on the sensor information uploaded to the transmission tower deformation monitoring device.

[0035] FIG. 2 shows the flow of how the computer processes the SAR multi-scene SLC image information using interferometry.

[0036] A second aspect of the present application provides a method for monitoring regional power transmission line deformation using InSAR technology in a complex environment for implementing the monitoring system, the monitoring method comprising: The transmission tower deformation monitoring device monitors the tilt angle, subsidence, displacement and geographical position of the transmission tower itself through a plurality of different types of sensors installed on the transmission tower, and the sensor information output by the different types of sensors is uploaded to a central server computer; Step 2: a central server computer receives SAR multi-scene SLC image information at different times of a regional transmission line area transmitted by a synthetic aperture radar satellite SAR; Step 3: a central server computer processes the multi-scene SLC image information of the SAR using interferometry to obtain topographic deformation information of the power transmission line area; Step 4: A central server computer receives the sensor information from step 1, extracts the geographical location information of each transmission tower, and accurately determines the location of the terrain where the deformation occurred; Step 5 includes: the computer on the central server determining whether a geological disaster has occurred on the transmission line and each transmission tower based on the terrain deformation information of step 3, combining the inclination angle, subsidence, and displacement information of the transmission tower, and if a geological disaster occurs, the computer issues an alarm.

[0037] In the method according to the second aspect of the present application, processing the multi-scene SLC image information of the SAR using an interferometric method as described in step 3 includes processing the multi-scene SLC image information of the SAR using a remotely sensed differential interferometric SAR analysis method.

[0038] Based on digital signal processing technology, the data processing process of InSAR in the central server computer is highly automated to extract the three-dimensional information of the earth's surface and the deformation results of the earth's surface. Before carrying out the interferometric analysis processing, it is necessary to select a suitable interferometric stereo pair and other auxiliary data, such as external DEM for terrain phase removal. The selection criterion for the interferometric stereo pair is that the interferometric baseline should not be too long or too short for DEM generation, and the shorter the interferometric baseline, the better for deformation monitoring. After obtaining a valid interferometric data set, the necessary processing is carried out, including SAR image registration, interferometric image generation, reference plane / terrain effect removal, geometric transformation, phase unwrapping, etc.

[0039] In the method according to the second aspect of the present application, the differential interferometric SAR analysis method includes a two-orbit method, a three-orbit method and a four-orbit method.

[0040] Differential interferometric SAR analysis is a measurement technique that uses two interferograms of the same area, one before deformation and the other after deformation, and then obtains the surface deformation through differential processing. Conventional D-InSAR methods mainly include the two-orbit method, the three-orbit method and the four-orbit method.

[0041] The dual-orbit method generates an interference pattern using two images taken before and after the surface change in the experimental area, and can obtain surface deformation information by removing topographical information from the interference pattern. The advantage of this method is that it does not require phase unwrapping of the interference pattern, and unwrapping can be avoided. The disadvantage is that the above method cannot be adopted in areas without DEM data, and the introduction of DEM data may cause new errors, such as elevation errors in the DEM itself and registration errors between the DEM simulation interferometric phase and the true SAR pattern.

[0042] The three-orbit method uses three scene images to generate two interference patterns, one reflecting the topographic information and the other reflecting the topographic deformation information. The main advantage of the three-orbit method is that it does not require the assistance of DEM data, which is particularly important for some change monitoring without topographic data, and the registration between the data can be easily realized, while the disadvantage is that the quality of phase unwrapping affects the final result.

[0043] The four-orbit method is similar to the three-orbit method in that the topographic interferogram and the deformation interferogram are independent of each other.

[0044] In the method according to the second aspect of the present application, uploading the sensor information in step 1 includes communicating the sensor information to a computer using a short message function of a Beidou satellite.

[0045] (1) Basic data collection Basic geographic information data of the study area was collected, including regional DEM (digital elevation model), groundwater information, historical natural disasters, historical plate displacement conditions, etc., which were used for processing and analyzing InSAR ground subsidence, and field surveying data of the study area was collected, laying a solid data foundation for InSAR ground subsidence monitoring activities.

[0046] (2) InSAR pre-processing and interferometric processing The preprocessing flowchart for the Sent interferometric el-1 IW mode data is shown in Figure 3. The image preprocessing flow is as follows: data preparation → IW data splitting (IWsplit) → Burst extraction → Doppler parameter calculation → Doppler phase calculation → Dechirp processing → DEM registration → Anti-dechirp removal → Burst splicing → Subband splicing → Registered image.

[0047] It is clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention may be realized in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, in all respects, the embodiments should be considered as illustrative and not limiting, and the scope of the present invention is limited by the appended claims, not the above description, and all changes that come within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be considered as limiting the claims. It is also clear that the word "comprise" does not exclude other units or steps, and the singular does not exclude a plurality. A plurality of units, modules or devices described in the claims of a system, device or terminal may be realized by the same unit, module or device, by software or hardware. The terms first, second, etc. are used to indicate names and do not indicate a particular order.

[0048] Finally, although the above embodiments are intended to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention rather than to limit them, and the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that the technical aspects of the embodiments of the present invention may be modified or replaced with equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical aspects of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for monitoring regional power line deformation using InSAR technology in complex environments, comprising: The monitoring system includes a central server and a transmission tower deformation monitoring device; The transmission tower deformation monitoring device is installed on each transmission tower of the regional transmission line, and the transmission tower deformation monitoring device includes a transmission tower position sensor, a transmission tower inclination sensor, a transmission tower body sensor, and a power line sensor, and the transmission tower deformation monitoring device transmits sensor information acquired by each sensor to a central server via a first communication device; The central server includes a computer, a second communication device, and a synthetic aperture radar satellite SAR data receiving device, and the satellite SAR data receiving device receives SAR multi-scene SLC image information at different times of a regional power transmission line area transmitted by the SAR; The system for monitoring regional power transmission line deformation using InSAR technology in a complex environment, characterized in that the computer is further connected to a second communication device, and the second communication device is in bidirectional communication with the first communication device.

2. The regional power transmission line deformation monitoring system using InSAR technology in complex environments as described in claim 1, characterized in that the first communication device and the second communication device include a wired communication network, a Beidou (BD) short message communication network, and a wireless communication network.

3. The system for monitoring regional power transmission line deformation in complex environments using InSAR technology, as described in claim 2, characterized in that the wireless communication network includes a wireless communication module installed on a transmission tower, a wireless communication module installed on a central server, and a wireless communication convergence base station, and each wireless communication module is connected via the wireless communication convergence base station to form a two-way communication network.

4. The sensor information includes a position of a transmission tower, a tilt angle of a transmission tower pole, a subsidence amount of a transmission tower body, and a displacement amount of a transmission line, The transmission tower position sensor includes a Beidou BDS and GPS dual mode positioning module; The regional power transmission line deformation monitoring system using InSAR technology in complex environments as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the power transmission tower tilt sensor includes a piezoresistive acceleration sensor, a capacitive acceleration sensor, a piezoelectric acceleration sensor, and a resonant acceleration sensor.

5. The transmission tower deformation monitoring device includes a main control module, a temperature measurement module, and a power management module. After receiving the sensor information, the main control module performs temperature compensation correction on the sensor information based on the temperature information provided by the temperature measurement module, and transmits the corrected sensor information to a central server via a first communication device; The system for monitoring regional power transmission line deformation in a complex environment using InSAR technology according to claim 4, wherein the power management module supplies power to the power transmission tower deformation monitoring device.

6. The computer further receives satellite orbit information of the SAR; The computer extracts surface deformation information by performing interference processing on multi-scene SLC image information of the SAR; The computer generates a geological deformation warning signal for the power transmission area based on the surface deformation information; The system for monitoring regional power transmission line deformation using InSAR technology in a complex environment according to claim 1, characterized in that the computer generates a power transmission tower fault alarm signal based on the sensor information uploaded to the power transmission tower deformation monitoring device.

7. A method for monitoring regional power line deformation using InSAR technology in a complex environment for implementing the monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: The monitoring method includes: The transmission tower deformation monitoring device monitors the tilt angle, subsidence, displacement and geographical position of the transmission tower itself through a plurality of different types of sensors installed on the transmission tower, and the sensor information output by the different types of sensors is uploaded to a central server computer; Step 2: A computer of a central server receives multi-scene SLC image information of a regional power transmission line area transmitted by a synthetic aperture radar satellite SAR at different times; Step 3: a central server computer processes the multi-scene SLC image information of the SAR using interferometry to obtain topographic deformation information of the power transmission line area; Step 4: a central server computer receives the sensor information from step 1, extracts the geographical position information of each transmission tower, and accurately determines the position of the terrain where the deformation occurs; and step 5, in which the computer of the central server determines whether a geological disaster has occurred on the transmission line and each transmission tower based on the terrain deformation information of step 3, combining the inclination angle, subsidence, and displacement information of the transmission tower, and if a geological disaster occurs, the computer issues an alarm.

8. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein processing the SAR multi-scene SLC image information using interferometry as described in step 3 includes processing the SAR multi-scene SLC image information using a remotely sensed differential interferometric SAR analysis method.

9. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the differential interferometric SAR analysis methods include a two-orbit method, a three-orbit method, and a four-orbit method.

10. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein uploading the sensor information in step 1 includes using a short message function of a Beidou satellite to communicate to a computer.

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