Displays with expanded gamut coverage and low blue light emission

Abstract

To provide color displays with expanded gamut coverage and reduced blue light emission.SOLUTION: A display includes: a red subpixel; a green subpixel; a blue subpixel; a fourth subpixel including a teal subpixel or a saturated green pixel; and an LED light source 12. The LED light source includes a combination of a red phosphor and a blue LED that are optically coupled to a U6+-containing phosphor.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The subject matter described herein relates generally to displays, and more particularly to color displays having extended color gamut coverage and reduced blue emission. [Background technology]

[0002] Many display devices or displays, such as televisions, personal computers, and desktop computer monitors, use liquid crystal display (LCD) panels and light emitting diode (LED) backlight units (BLUs) to provide white light to the display device. LED is a display technology that uses pn junction diodes that emit light when activated by electroluminescence. LED backlight units can be based on a blue LED in combination with green and red phosphors. The white light from the LED BLU is directed to the LCD panel. To generate color images or displays, LCD panels typically use trichromatic filters to emit light within the three primary colors of red, green, and blue (collectively referred to as RGB or RGB filters).

[0003] Display device standards are pushing towards higher color gamuts. The UHD Alliance (Ultra High Definition) standard for Ultra High Definition Television (UHDTV) requires displays to accept inputs in the REC2020 color gamut, but to be certified, the display must be able to reproduce more than 90% of the DCI-P3 colors. Many displays currently cannot reproduce the stringent REC2020 requirements.

[0004] It is well known that long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light can disrupt circadian rhythms and cause damage to human skin and eyes, the latter of which is a particular concern for near-sighted displays such as computer monitors, phones and AR / VR displays. The 2020 guidelines from the Eyesafe® Standard for Display Devices dated August 1, 2020 require that the ratio of light in the 415-455 nm range compared to light in the 400-500 nm range must be less than 50%.

[0005] To reduce blue light, the current solutions on the market shift the color point of the screen to a warmer white point, but only reducing blue light offsets the RGB ratio and affects the display image quality output. For example, shifting the color point of the screen to a warmer white point will make the screen appear yellow / red and result in a lower overall color gamut. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In one aspect, a display is provided, the display comprising a red subpixel, a green subpixel, a blue subpixel, a fourth subpixel comprising a teal or saturated green subpixel, and an LED light source.

[0007] In another aspect, a display device for generating a color image is provided. The display device includes an LED backlight unit, a liquid crystal display panel, and a pixel including four subpixels including a red subpixel, a green subpixel, a blue subpixel, and a teal or saturated green subpixel. The LED backlight unit includes a U 6+ The combination includes a blue LED and a red phosphor optically coupled to the phosphor-containing material. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present disclosure will be better understood when the following detailed description is read in reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like characters represent like parts throughout the drawings.

[0009] [Figure 1A] 1 is a transmission graph of blue and green pigment dyes in a color filter. The graph shows relative transmittance versus wavelength (nm).

[0010] [Figure 1B] 1B is a transmission graph of a teal color filter from the overlap of the blue and green colors of FIG. 1A. The graph shows relative transmittance versus wavelength (nm).

[0011] [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a light emitting diode backlight unit according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] [Diagram 3] 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a lighting device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0013] [Figure 4] FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a lighting device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] [Diagram 5] FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a lighting device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a backlight device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] [Figure 7A] 1 shows a liquid crystal display (LCD) having an edge-lit backlight configuration.

[0017] [Figure 7B] 1 shows a liquid crystal display (LCD) having a direct-lit backlight configuration.

[0018] [Figure 8] 1 shows a backlight unit or module according to the present disclosure.

[0019] [Figure 9A] 1 is a graphed color space in (ccx, ccy) showing color gamuts for one embodiment of the present disclosure, comparative examples, and color standards.

[0020] [Figure 9B] 1 shows a graphed color space at (u',v') illustrating color gamuts for one embodiment of the present disclosure, comparative examples, and a color standard.

[0021] [Figure 10A] 1 is a graphed color space in (ccx, ccy) showing color gamuts for comparative examples and color standards.

[0022] [Figure 10B] 1 is a graphed color space at (u',v') showing the color gamut for comparative examples and color standards.

[0023] [Figure 11A] 1 is a graphed color space (ccx, ccy) showing the color gamut for one embodiment and color standard of the present disclosure.

[0024] [Figure 11B] 1 is a graph of color space in (u',v') showing color gamut for one embodiment of the present disclosure and color standard.

[0025] [Figure 12A] 1 is a graphed color space in (ccx, ccy) showing color gamuts for one embodiment of the present disclosure, comparative examples, and color standards.

[0026] [Figure 12B] 1 is a graph of color space at (u',v') showing color gamuts for one embodiment of the present disclosure, comparative examples, and a color standard.

[0027] [Figure 13A] 1 is a graphed color space in (ccx, ccy) showing color gamut for one embodiment and color standard of the present disclosure.

[0028] [Figure 13B] 1 is a graph of color space in (u',v') showing color gamut for one embodiment of the present disclosure and color standard.

[0029] [Figure 14] 1 is an emission spectrum of an exemplary U6+-containing phosphor. The graph shows relative intensity versus wavelength (nm).

[0030] [Figure 15A] 1 is a graphed color space in (ccx, ccy) showing color gamut for one embodiment and color standard of the present disclosure.

[0031] [Figure 15B] 1 is a graph of color space in (u',v') showing color gamut for one embodiment of the present disclosure and color standard.

[0032] [Figure 15C] 1 is a graphed color space in (ccx, ccy) showing color gamut for one embodiment and color standard of the present disclosure.

[0033] [Figure 15D] 1 is a graph of color space in (u',v') showing color gamut for one embodiment of the present disclosure and color standard.

[0034] [Figure 15E] 1 is a graphed color space in (ccx, ccy) showing color gamut for one embodiment and color standard of the present disclosure.

[0035] [Figure 15F]1 is a graph of color space in (u',v') showing color gamut for one embodiment of the present disclosure and color standard.

[0036] [Figure 16A] FIG. 2 shows the emission spectra of various blue to green pigment ratios in a teal filter. The graph is relative intensity versus wavelength (nm).

[0037] [Figure 16B] 16B is a color space graphed in (ccx, ccy) based on the blue to green ratios of FIG. 16A.

[0038] [Figure 16C] 16B is a color space plotted at (u',v') based on the blue to green ratios of FIG. 16A.

[0039] Unless otherwise indicated, the drawings provided herein are intended to illustrate features of embodiments of the present disclosure. These features are believed to be applicable to a wide variety of systems that include one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Thus, the drawings are not intended to include all conventional features known to those skilled in the art that are required to implement the embodiments disclosed herein. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0040] In the following specification and claims, reference will be made to a number of terms that shall be defined to have the following meanings.

[0041] The singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. References to "one embodiment" or "one aspect" are not intended to be interpreted as excluding the existence of additional embodiments or aspects that also incorporate the recited features. All references are incorporated herein by reference.

[0042] Approximate language used herein throughout the specification and claims can be applied to modify any quantitative expression that can be varied in a permissible range without causing a change in the basic function to which it pertains. Thus, values ​​modified by terms such as "about," "substantially," and "approximately" are not limited to the exact value specified. In at least some instances, the approximate language can correspond to the precision of an instrument for measuring the value. Here, and throughout the specification and claims, range limitations can be combined and / or substituted, and such ranges are identified and include all subranges contained therein, unless the context or language dictates otherwise.

[0043] "Optional" or "optionally" means that a subsequently described event or circumstance may or may not occur, or a subsequently specified material may or may not be present, and that the description includes instances where the event or circumstance occurs or the material is present, as well as instances where the event or circumstance does not occur or the material is not present.

[0044] The brackets in the formula indicate that at least one of the elements is present in the phosphor composition, and any combination of two or more of them can be present. For example, the formula [Ca, Sr, Ba]3MgSi2O8:Eu 2+ , Mn 2+ contains at least one of Ca, Sr, or Ba, or any combination of two or more of Ca, Sr, or Ba. An example is Ca3MgSi2O8:Eu 2+ .Mn 2+ , Sr3MgSi2O8:Eu 2+ .Mn 2+ or Ba3MgSi2O8:Eu 2+ .Mn 2+Formulas that include an activator after a colon ":" indicate that the phosphor composition is doped with the activator. Formulas that include two or more activators separated by a "," after a colon ":" indicate that the phosphor composition is doped with either or both activators. For example, the formula [Ca,Sr,Ba]3MgSi2O8:Eu 2+ , Mn 2+ is [Ca, Sr, Ba]3MgSi2O8:Eu 2+ , [Ca, Sr, Ba]3MgSi2O8:Mn 2+ or [Ca, Sr, Ba]3MgSi2O8:Eu 2+ and Mn 2+ Includes:

[0045] In one aspect, a display is provided, the display comprising a red subpixel, a green subpixel, a blue subpixel, a fourth subpixel comprising a teal or saturated green subpixel, and an LED light source.

[0046] A display device or display provides information or images from a processor or other type of information management system by converting electrical signals into a pixelated, multicolored display. One type of display may be an LED (light emitting diode) display with an array of pixels. Displays may be self-emissive, such as micro LEDs or organic light emitting diode displays (OLEDs) with an organic light emitting diode layer to generate light. Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) use LED light sources and backlighting, such as from individual liquid crystal cells. Display applications include, but are not limited to, televisions, plasma screens, home and theater projection, digital photo frames, tablets, automotive displays, e-readers, electronic dictionaries, digital cameras, computers, laptops, computer monitors, electronic keyboards, mobile or traditional telephones, cell phones, smartphones, tablet computers, gaming devices, other handheld devices with displays, and other electronic devices with screens. This list of applications is meant to be merely exemplary and not exhaustive.

[0047] In one embodiment, the display device includes four direct color conversion RGBT LEDs. In another embodiment, the display device may be near the eye, such as for AR / VR applications.

[0048] In one aspect, the LED light source is a light emitting diode. In one embodiment, the LED light source may be a micro LED or a mini LED with color conversion. In one aspect, the LED light source may include an array of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), micro blue LEDs, micro red LEDs, micro green LEDs and micro twill LEDs or micro saturated green LEDs, semiconductor laser diodes (LDs), or hybrids of LEDs and LDs. Furthermore, it should be understood that the LED light source may be replaced, supplemented, or augmented by another radiation source unless otherwise specified, and references to semiconductors, semiconductor LEDs, or LED chips merely represent any suitable radiation source, including, but not limited to, LDs and OLEDs.

[0049] In one embodiment, the pixel includes four subpixels including a red subpixel, a green subpixel, a blue subpixel, and a teal subpixel or a saturated green subpixel. The pixel can be made with direct emission or color filters. In one embodiment, the pixel may be created by a blue microLED, a red microLED, a green microLED, and a teal microLED or a saturated green microLED. In another embodiment, the pixel may be created by a four-color color filter including a red filter, a green filter, a blue filter, and a teal filter or a saturated green filter.

[0050] In one embodiment, the red color filter allows emission of light in the red spectrum. In another embodiment, the red color filter transmits light with wavelengths of 590 nm or greater. In one aspect, the blue color filter pigment transmits in the range of about 390 nm to about 500 nm, and the green color filter pigment transmits in the range of about 460 nm to about 620 nm.

[0051] In one aspect, the four-color filter 122 has a glass substrate and color materials or color resists corresponding to each of the four pixels. In one embodiment, the color filter has red color resist, green color resist, blue color resist, and either teal color resist or saturated green color resist. Conventional color filters and filter pigments and other color materials can be used to prepare or obtain a color filter that includes red subpixel portions, green subpixel portions, blue subpixel portions, and teal subpixel portions or saturated green subpixel portions.

[0052] The term teal includes cyan, turquoise, electric blue, aquamarine, and other blue-green colors. The teal subpixel can be created by applying a teal color filter or teal LED. The teal color filter or teal LED has an emission in the range of about 460 nm to about 550 nm. In another embodiment, the emission is in the range of about 470 nm to about 525 nm. In another embodiment, the emission is in the range of about 480 nm to about 510 nm. The teal or cyan subpixel can be created by blending blue and green color filter pigments together and forming a fourth subpixel portion in the overlap region between the blue and green pigments. In one embodiment, the blue color filter pigment transmits in the range of about 390 nm to about 500 nm, and the green color filter pigment transmits in the range of about 460 nm to about 620 nm, and the overlap region between these pigments is in the range of about 460 nm to about 550 nm.

[0053] FIG. 1A provides a spectral transmission graph showing the wavelength range of blue and green color filter pigments. The overlap region between the blue and green pigments defines a teal or cyan color subpixel shown in FIG. 1B, which shows a transmission range of about 460 nm to about 550 nm. In one aspect, the color point of the teal subpixel can be obtained by a four-color RGBT filter. The color of teal can be changed by varying the blue to green ratio. In one embodiment, the teal subpixel can vary the blue to green ratio in an amount of about 1:3 to about 3:1. In another embodiment, the blue to green ratio can be in an amount of about 1:2 to about 2:1. In another embodiment, the blue to green ratio can be in an amount of 1:1. While these are intended to be examples of blend ratios to create a teal subpixel, the ratio and optical density of the teal color filters can be altered to optimize the overall display.

[0054] A saturated green subpixel can be produced by applying a saturated green color filter or a saturated green LED. The saturated green color filter or the saturated green LED has an emission in the range of about 505 nm to about 525 nm. In another embodiment, the emission may be in the range of about 510 nm to about 525 nm. A saturated green color filter can be made by blending blue and green color filter pigments together.

[0055] In one aspect of the disclosure, a display device is provided. The display device includes a light emitting diode (LED) backlight unit (BLU), a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel, and pixels including a red subpixel, a green subpixel, a blue subpixel, and a teal subpixel or a saturated green subpixel. The LED backlight unit includes a U 6+ The combination includes a blue LED and a red phosphor optically coupled to the phosphor-containing material.

[0056] The display or display device comprises an LCD panel configured to display color images. The LCD panel cannot emit light itself and uses an LED backlight unit to provide white backlight for passing through the LCD panel. The LED uses a pn junction diode to emit light when activated by electroluminescence. The color of the light corresponds to the energy of the photons depending on the energy band gap of the semiconductor material.

[0057] The LED backlight unit is U 6+ The combination of a blue LED and a red phosphor optically coupled to the phosphor-containing material. The LED emits blue light, and the red phosphor and U 6+ The contained phosphors absorb a portion of the emitted blue light and emit red and green light, respectively. The light emitted from the red and green phosphors mixes with the light emitted from the blue LED to generate white light, which passes through an LCD panel and a four-color RGBT or RGGB filter to generate a color display image.

[0058] In one embodiment, the blue LED is represented by the formula In i Ga j Al k N (in the formula, JPEG2025063112000002.jpg788 and The blue LED may be a blue light emitting LED semiconductor diode based on nitride compound semiconductors of JPEG2025063112000003.jpg753 or a blue light emitting GaInN chip. In one embodiment, the blue LED emits blue light having a peak wavelength in the range of about 400 to about 500 nm. In another embodiment, the blue LED has a peak emission wavelength of about 440 to about 460 nm. In another embodiment, the blue LED has a peak emission wavelength of about 450 to about 465 nm. In another embodiment, the blue LED emits blue light having a peak wavelength of about 444 nm. In another embodiment, the BLU comprises a plurality of LEDs.

[0059] In one embodiment, green-emitting U 6+ The phosphors contained therein absorb radiation in the near UV or blue region (wavelength range of about 400 nm to 470 nm). 6+ Ions can emit at wavelengths covering the entire visible spectrum. 6+ Depending on the coordination of the ions and the host lattice, the phosphor can emit in the green range (490 nm to 560 nm) as a broadband with a FWHM of 40 nm to 65 nm or as multiple peaks in the green range (490 nm to 560 nm). In one embodiment, the phosphor has a line emission consisting of five peaks, each peak having a FWHM of 2 nm to 15 nm. In one embodiment, the line emission can range from about 470 nm to about 505 nm. In another embodiment, the line emission is in the range of about 480 nm to about 500 nm. In another embodiment, the line emission can be in the range of about 485 nm to about 505 nm. In another embodiment, the line emission can be in the range of about 490 nm to about 500 nm. In another embodiment, the line emission can be in the range of about 495 nm to about 500 nm. In another embodiment, the U 6+The phosphor comprises a linear emission in the wavelength range of about 505 nm to about 530 nm. In another embodiment, the linear emission may be in the range of about 510 nm to about 530 nm. In another embodiment, the linear emission may be in the range of about 515 nm to about 525 nm. In another embodiment, the linear emission may be in the range of about 518 nm to about 525 nm. In another aspect, the linear emission may be in the range of about 520 nm to about 525 nm. In another aspect, U 6+ The contained phosphor emits as a separate line with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 5 nm or less. 6+ The contained phosphor emits as separate lines with a FWHM of about 2 nm to about 5 nm. 6+ The phosphors contained emit as separate lines with a FWHM of about 2 nm. 6+ The phosphor contains U in the phosphor compound host. 6+ or may contain activator ions U 6+ In one embodiment, the U 6+ The phosphor contained is U 6+ The characteristic line emission spectrum of U 6+ In another embodiment, the U 6+ The phosphor contained is BaZn2(PO4)2:U 6+ , BaBPO5:U 6+ , K3UO2F5, K2(UO2)(SO4)2-2H2O, Cs2(UO2)2(SO4)3, BaZnUO2(PO4)2, BaMgUO2(PO4)2, Ba3(PO4)2(UO2)2P2O7 or Sr3P4O 13 :U 6+ Includes.

[0060] Phosphorus compound BaBPO5:U 6+ and Sr3P4O 13 :U 6+is described in US Patent Publication No. 2019 / 0088827. BaZnUO2(PO4)2 can be prepared by combining stoichiometric amounts of BaCO3, ZnO, UO2, and (NH4)2HPO4 (DAP), blending the mixture thoroughly to form a powder, calcining the blend at 500°C to decompose the DAP, and calcining at 1000 to 1100°C to produce the composition. BaMgUO2(PO4)2 can be similarly prepared by combining stoichiometric amounts of BaCO3, MgO, UO2, and (NH4)2HPO4 (DAP). Ba3(PO4)2(UO2)2P2O7 can be similarly prepared by combining stoichiometric amounts of BaCO3, UO2, and (NH4)2HPO4 (DAP).

[0061] Green emitting U 6+ The inclusion phosphor can be used with an additional green phosphor. Any suitable green-emitting phosphor can be used. Examples of green phosphors are disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2019 / 008827, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0062] In one embodiment, the additional green phosphor can emit in a broadband with a FWHM of 25 nm to 60 nm. In another embodiment, the additional green phosphor can be cerium doped yttrium aluminum garnet, Ce:YAG, or β-SiAlON:Eu 2+ In another embodiment, additional green-emitting U 6+ The doped phosphor is Sr3B2O6:U 6+ , Ca3B2O6:U 6+ , Ca 10 P6O 25 :U 6+ , Sr 10 P6O 25 :U 6+ , Sr4AlPO8:U 6+ , Ba4AlPO8:U 6+ , Sr2SiO4:U 6+ , Ca2SiO4:U 6+ , Sr3Al2O6:U 6+ , Ca3Al2O6:U 6+, Ca 12 Al 14 O 33 :U 6+ , Ca2Al2SiO7:U 6+ , Ca2BO3Cl:U 6+ , Ca2PO4Cl:U 6+ , Ca5(PO4)3Cl:U 6+ , Sr5(BO3)3Cl:U 6+ , Ca2GeO4:U 6+ , Sr2GeO4:U 6+ , Ca3V2O8:U 6+ , NaCaPO4:U 6+ , Ca3In2O6:U 6+ , LiSrBO3:U 6+ , LiCaBO3:U 6+ , Sr3Ga2O6:U 6+ and LiSr4B3O9:U 6+ The green silicate and green sulfide may be included.

[0063] In one embodiment, the red phosphor may be a high band phosphor. In one embodiment, the red-emitting phosphor is Mn 4+ In one embodiment, the phosphor may include a doped complex fluoride phosphor. 4+ The doped phosphor has the formula I:A2(MF6):Mn 4+ where A is Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, or a combination thereof, and M is Si, Ge, Sn, Ti, Zr, Al, Ga, In, Sc, Hf, Y, La, Nb, Ta, Bi, Gd, or a combination thereof. Mn 4+ Some examples of doped phosphors are K2(SiF6):Mn 4+ , Na2SiF6:Mn 4+ , K2(TiF6):Mn 4+ , K2(SnF6):Mn 4+ , Cs2(TiF6):Mn 4+ , Rb2(TiF6):Mn 4+ , Cs2(SiF6):Mn 4+ , Rb2(SiF6):Mn 4+ , Na2(TiF6):Mn 4+ , Na2(ZrF6):Mn 4+ , K3(ZrF7):Mn 4+, K3(BiF7):Mn 4+ , K3(YF7):Mn 4+ , K3(LaF7):Mn 4+ , K3(GdF7):Mn 4+ , K3(NbF7):Mn 4+ and K3(TaF7):Mn 4+ In one embodiment, the red phosphor is potassium fluorosilicate doped with manganese (PFS). In another embodiment, the red phosphor is K2SiF6:Mn 4+ In another embodiment, the red phosphor may be a europium-activated yttrium oxide phosphor (Y2O3:Eu 3+ YOE), europium activated yttrium vanadate-phosphate (Y[P,V]O4:Eu) or cerium and manganese activated gadolinium (CBM), MFG, red SiAlON and red nitride.

[0064] FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of an LED backlight unit 10 or device. The LED backlight unit 10 includes an LED light source 12 and a U 6+ The LED backlight unit 10 includes a phosphor material 14 that includes an inclusion phosphor and a red phosphor. The LED light source 12 can include a blue-emitting LED. In some embodiments, the LED light source 12 produces blue light in the wavelength range of about 440 nm to about 460 nm. The LED backlight unit 10 includes a U 6+ The phosphor material 14, including the inclusion phosphor and the red phosphor, is optically coupled to the LED light source 12. Optically coupled means that radiation from the LED light source 12 can excite the phosphor material 14, and the phosphor material 14 can emit light in response to excitation by the radiation. The phosphor material 14 may be located on at least a portion or parts of the LED light source 12, or may be located a predetermined distance away from the LED light source 12. Backlight units and related devices are described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2017 / 0254943.

[0065] The phosphor material 14 can be in any form, such as a powder, a film, phosphor dispersed in an organic matrix, a glass, or a composite. The phosphor material can be used as a layer, a sheet, a strip, dispersed particulates on a chip, or a combination thereof. In one aspect, the phosphor material is in the form of a sheet or strip attached or disposed on the surface of the LED light source 12. In one embodiment, the phosphor material 14 can be in glass form. In another embodiment, the phosphor material can be in the form of a phosphor wheel (not shown). Phosphor wheels and related devices are described in WO 2017 / 196779. In one aspect, a blue LED is coated or covered with the phosphor material. In another aspect, the phosphor material is in powder form and coats or covers the blue LED. In another aspect, a phosphor layer is formed around the blue LED. In another aspect, each phosphor is in a separate layer on the surface of the blue LED. In another aspect, a polymer composite layer containing the phosphor is formed on the surface of the blue LED.

[0066] Examples of LED light sources that can be used in the backlight unit are disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2019 / 0088827, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0067] The phosphor material may further include one or more other luminescent materials. In one embodiment, the luminescent material may be polyfluorene, such as poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) and its copolymers, such as poly(9,9'-diosyl-fluorene-co-bis-N,N'-(4-butylphenyl)diphenylamine) (F8-TFB), poly(vinylcarbazole) and polyphenylenevinylene and their derivatives. Additional luminescent materials, such as blue, yellow, red, orange, or other color phosphors, may be used in the phosphor material to customize the white color of the resulting light and to generate specific spectral output distributions. Additional phosphors suitable for use in the phosphor material include ((Sr 1-z [Ca, Ba, Mg, Zn] z ) 1-(x+w) [Li, Na, K, Rb]w Ce x )3(Al 1-y Si y )O 4+y+3(x-w) F 1-y-3(x-w) 、(wherein, JPEG2025063112000004.jpg664、 JPEG2025063112000005.jpg755、 JPEG2025063112000006.jpg672、 JPEG2025063112000007.jpg639), [Ca, Ce]3Sc2S3O 12 (CaSiG); [Sr, Ca, Ba]3Al 1-x Si x O 4+x F 1-x :Ce 3+ (SASOF)); [Ba, Sr, Ca]5(PO4)3[Cl, F, Br, OH]:Eu 2+ 、Mn 2+ ; [Ba, Sr, Ca]BPO5:Eu 2+ 、Mn 2+ ; [Sr, Ca] 10 (PO4)6*vB2O3:Eu 2+ (wherein, JPEG2025063112000008.jpg638); Sr2Si3O8*2SrCl2:Eu 2+ ; [Ca, Sr, Ba]3MgSi2O8:Eu 2+ 、Mn 2+ ; BaAl8O 13 :Eu 2+ ; 2SrO*0.84P2O5*0.16B2O3:Eu 2+ ; [Ba, Sr, Ca]MgAl 10 O 17 :Eu 2+ 、Mn 2+ ; [Ba, Sr, Ca]Al2O4:Eu 2+ ; [Y, Gd, Lu, Sc, La]BO3:Ce 3+ 、Tb 3+ ; ZnS:Cu + 、Cl - ; ZnS:Cu + 、Al 3+ ; ZnS:Ag + 、Cl- ; ZnS:Ag + 、 Al 3+ ; [Ba, Sr, Ca]2Si 1-n O 4-2n : Eu 2+ (wherein, JPEG2025063112000009.jpg655); [Ba, Sr, Ca]2[Mg, Zn]Si2O7:Eu 2+ ; [Sr, Ca, Ba][Al, Ga, In]2S4:Eu 2+ ; [Y, Gd, Tb, La, Sm, Pr, Lu]3[Al, Ga] 5-a O 12-3 / 2a : Ce 3+ (wherein, ([[]] JPEG2025063112000010.jpg655); [Ca, Sr]8[Mg, Zn](SiO4)4Cl2:Eu 2+ 、 Mn 2+ ; Na2Gd2B2O7:Ce 3+ 、 Tb 3+ ; [Sr, Ca, Ba, Mg, Zn]2P2O7:Eu 2+ 、 Mn 2+ ; [Gd, Y, Lu, La]2O3:Eu 3+ 、 Bi 3+ ; [Gd, Y, Lu, La]2O2S:Eu 3+ 、 Bi 3+ ; [Gd, Y, Lu, La]VO4:Eu 3+ 、 Bi 3+ ; [Ca, Sr]S:Eu 2+ 、 Ce 3+ ; SrY2S4:Eu 2+ ; CaLa2S4:Ce 3+ ; [Ba, Sr, Ca]MgP2O7:Eu 2+ 、 Mn 2+ ; [Y, Lu]2WO6:Eu 3+ 、 Mo 6+ ; [Ba, Sr, Ca] b Si g N m : Eu 2+ (wherein, JPEG2025063112000011.jpg764); Ca3(SiO4)Cl2:Eu 2+ ; [Lu, Sc, Y, Tb] 2-u-v Cev Ca 1+u Li w Mg 2-w P w (Si,Ge)3- w O 12-u / 2 (In the formula, JPEG2025063112000012.jpg663, JPEG2025063112000013.jpg654, JPEG2025063112000014.jpg655);[Y, Lu, Gd] 2-m [Y,Lu,Gd]Ca m Si4N 6+m C 1-m :Ce 3+ , (in the formula, JPEG2025063112000015.jpg655);[Lu, Ca, Li, Mg, Y], Eu 2+ and / or Ce 3+ α-SiAlON doped with Sr(LiAl3N4):Eu 2+ , [Ca,Sr,Ba]SiO2N2:Eu 2+ , Ce 3+ ;β-SiAlON:Eu 2+ , 3.5MgO*0.5MgF2*GeO2:Mn 4+ ;Ca 1-c-f Ce c EU f Al 1+c S 1-c N3, (wherein, JPEG2025063112000016.jpg655, JPEG2025063112000017.jpg655);Ca 1-h-r Ce h EU r Al 1-h [Mg, Zn] h SiN3, (wherein, JPEG2025063112000018.jpg655, JPEG2025063112000019.jpg655);Ca 1≦2s-t Ce s [Li, Na] s EU t AlSiN3, (wherein, JPEG2025063112000020.jpg655, JPEG2025063112000021.jpg655, JPEG2025063112000022.jpg637);[Sr,Ca]AlSiN3:Eu 2+ , Ce 3+ , Li2CaSiO4:Eu 2+ Additionally, the light-emitting layer may include blue, yellow, orange, green or red phosphorescent dyes or metal complexes, quantum dot materials, or combinations thereof. Materials suitable for use as phosphorescent dyes include, but are not limited to, tris(1-phenylisoquinoline)iridium(III) (red dye), tris(2-phenylpyridine)iridium (green dye), and iridium(III) bis(2-(4,6-difluorphenylpyridinato-N,C2) (blue dye). ADS (American Dyes Commercially available fluorescent and phosphorescent metal complexes from Aerosol Source, Inc. may also be used. ADS green dyes include ADS060Ge, ADS061Ge, ADS063Ge, and ADS066Ge, ADS078Ge, and ADS090Ge. ADS blue dyes include ADS064BE, ADS065BE, ADS070BE. ADS red dyes include ADS067RE, ADS068RE, ADS069RE, ADS075RE, ADS076RE, ADS067RE, and ADS077RE.

[0068] The ratio of each of the individual phosphors in the phosphor material can be varied depending on the desired light output characteristics. The relative proportions of the individual phosphors in the various phosphor materials can be adjusted so that when their emissions are mixed and used in a device, such as a lighting device, visible light of a given x and y value on the CIE chromaticity diagram is produced.

[0069] Other additional luminescent materials suitable for use with the phosphor material may include quantum dot materials. In one embodiment, the display may include a quantum dot enhanced film. Exemplary quantum dot materials may be II-VI compounds, III-V compounds, IV-IV compounds, IV compounds, I-III-VI2 compounds, or combinations thereof. Examples of II to VI compounds include, but are not limited to, CdSe, CdTe, CdS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnS, HgTe, HgS, HgSe, CdSeTe, CdSTe, ZnSeS, ZnSeTe, ZnSTe, HgSeS, HgSeTe, HgSTe, CdZnS, CdZnSe, CdZnTe, CdHgS, CdHgSe, CdHgTe, HgZnS, HgZnSe, HgZnTe, CdZnSeS, CdZnSeTe, CdZnSTe, CdHgSeS, CdHgSeTe, CdHgSTe, HgZnSeS, HgZnSeTe, HgZnSTe, or combinations thereof. Examples of III-V compounds include, but are not limited to, GaN, GaP, GaAs, AlN, AlP, AlAs, InN, InP, InAs, GaNP, GaNAs, GaPAs, AlNP, AlNAs, AlPAs, InNP, InNAs, InPAs, GaAlNP, GaAlNAs, GaAlPAs, GaInNP, GAlnNAs, GAlnPAs, InAlNP, InAlNAs, InAlPAs, and combinations thereof. Examples of IV compounds include, but are not limited to, Si, Ge, SiC, and SiGe. Examples of I-III-VI2 chalcopyrite compounds include, but are not limited to, CuInS2, CuInSe2, CuGaS2, CuGaSe2, AgInS2, AgInSe2, AgGaS2, AgGaSe2, and combinations thereof.

[0070] The QD material may be a core / shell QD comprising a core, at least one shell coated on the core, and an outer coating comprising one or more ligands, preferably organic polymeric ligands. Exemplary materials for making core-shell QDs are Si, Ge, Sn, Se, Te, B, C (including diamond), P, CO, Au, BN, BP, Ba, AlN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, InN, InP, InAs, InSb, AlN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, ZnO, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, CdS, CdSe, CdSeZn ... Examples of suitable materials include, but are not limited to, dTe, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, BeS, BeSe, BeTe, MgS, MgSe, MnS, MnSe, GeS, GeSe, GeTe, SnS, SnSe, SnTe, PbO, PbS, PbSe, PbTe, CuF, CuCl, CuBr, CuI, Si3N4, Ge3N4, Al2O3, (Al,Ga,In)2(S,Se,Te)3, Al2CO, and suitable combinations of two or more such materials. Exemplary core-shell luminescent nanocrystals include, but are not limited to, CdSe / ZnS, CdSe / CdS, CdSe / CdS / ZnS, CdSeZn / CdS / ZnS, CdSeZn / ZnS, InP / ZnS, PbSe / PbS, PbSe / PbS, CdTe / CdS, and CdTe / ZnS. Other examples of quantum dot materials include perovskite quantum dots, such as CsPbX3, where X is Cl, Br, I, or combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the red phosphor may be a quantum dot material.

[0071] 3 shows a lighting device or lamp 20 according to some embodiments. The lighting device 20 includes an LED chip 22 and leads 24 electrically attached to the LED chip 22. The leads 24 may include thin wires supported by a thicker lead frame 26, or the leads 24 may include self-supporting electrodes and the lead frame may be omitted. The leads 24 provide current to the LED chip 22, thus causing it to emit radiation.

[0072] The LED chip 22 may be encapsulated within an envelope 28. The envelope 28 may be formed of, for example, glass or plastic. The LED chip 22 may be surrounded by an encapsulant material 32. The encapsulant material 32 may be a low temperature glass, or a polymer or resin known in the art, such as an epoxy, silicone, epoxy-silicone, acrylate, or combinations thereof. In an alternative embodiment, the lighting device 20 may include only the encapsulant material 32 without the envelope 28. Both the envelope 28 and the encapsulant material 32 must be transparent to allow light to pass through those elements.

[0073] Continuing to refer to FIG. 3, a layer 34 of phosphor material as described herein is disposed on the surface 21 of the LED chip 22. The layer 34 can be disposed by any suitable method, for example, using a slurry prepared by mixing silicone with the phosphor material. In one example of such a method, a silicone slurry with randomly suspended particles of phosphor material is disposed around the LED chip 22. This method is merely illustrative of possible locations of the layer 34 and the LED chip 22. As shown, the layer 34 may be disposed by coating or directly on the surface 21 of the LED chip 22, for example, by coating and drying the slurry on the LED chip 22. The surface 21 is the light emitting surface of the LED chip 22. Light emitted by the LED chip 22 mixes with light emitted by the phosphor material of the layer 34 to produce the desired light emission.

[0074] In some other embodiments, the phosphor material described herein is interspersed within the encapsulant material 32 instead of being disposed directly on the LED chip 22 as shown in Figure 3. Figure 4 shows a lighting device 30 including phosphor material particles 36 interspersed within a portion of the encapsulant material 32. The phosphor material particles can be interspersed throughout the entire volume of the encapsulant material 32. The blue light emitted by the LED chip 22 mixes with the light emitted by the phosphor material particles 36, and the mixed light is transmitted from the lighting device 30.

[0075] In some other embodiments, the layer 38 of phosphor material described herein is coated on the surface of the envelope 28 instead of being formed on the LED chip 22 (FIG. 3), as shown in FIG. 5, which illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a lighting device 40. As shown, the layer 38 is coated on the inner surface 29 of the envelope 28, but the layer 38 may be coated on the outer surface of the envelope 28 if desired. The layer 38 may be coated on the entire surface of the envelope 28 or only on the top of the inner surface 29 of the envelope 28. The UV / blue light emitted by the LED chip 22 mixes with the light emitted by the layer 38, and the mixed light is transmitted. Of course, the phosphor material may be located in any two or all three locations (as shown in FIGS. 3-5), or may be located in any other suitable location, such as separately from the envelope 28 or integrated into the LED chip 22.

[0076] In any or all of the above configurations, the lighting device 20, 30 or 40 shown in Figure 3, 4 or 5, respectively, includes a backlight unit 10. The lighting device 20, 30, 40 may also include a plurality of scattering particles (not shown) embedded in the encapsulant material 32. The scattering particles may include, for example, alumina, silica, zirconia, or titania. The scattering particles effectively scatter the directional light emitted from the LED chip 22, preferably with a negligible amount of absorption.

[0077] Some embodiments relate to a backlight device 50 shown in FIG. 6. The backlight device 50 includes a surface mounted device (SMD) type light emitting diode for backlight or display applications. The SMD is "side-emitting" and has a light emitting window 52 at the protruding portion of the light guide member 54. The SMD package can include an LED chip as defined above and a phosphor material as described herein. In some embodiments, the SMD package can include an LED chip as defined above and a phosphor material as described herein.

[0078] The LED backlight unit generates white light that passes through the LCD panel. The LCD panel is configured to receive the white backlight from the LED backlight and display a color image. In one aspect, a waveguide or light guide plate can be used to guide the light emitted from the LED backlight to the LCD panel. FIG. 7A illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a liquid crystal display (LCD) with an edge-lit backlight configuration. The LCD 100A includes an array of LED backlights 102 along one or more edges of the LCD 100A, a light guide panel 106, and an LCD panel 120. The LCD 100A generates a color image using the LCD panel 120 with control electronics and the LED backlight 102. The LED backlight 102 includes a backlight unit 10 as previously described in FIG. 2, including a blue LED light source 12 and a phosphor material 14. The backlight 102 may be an illumination device 20, 30, 40 as shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4, or FIG. 5. The phosphor material 14 may be positioned a predetermined distance away from the LED light source 12, as shown in FIG.

[0079] The liquid crystal display panel 120 includes four-color filters 122 arranged in subpixels. The color filters 122 transmit light of a specific wavelength among the white light incident from the LED backlight unit 10. The color filters 122 transmit light wavelengths corresponding to the color of each filter and absorb other wavelengths.

[0080] The LCD panel 120 includes a front polarizer 118, a rear polarizer 114, a color filter 122, a thin film transistor 126 (TFT) and a liquid crystal 116, and electrodes (not shown). Typically, the LCD panel 120 is opaque. The color filter 122 is located between the liquid crystal 116 and the front polarizer 118. The thin film transistor 126 is located between the liquid crystal 116 and the rear polarizer 114. Each pixel has a corresponding transistor or switch to control the voltage applied to the liquid crystal 116. Note that the front polarizer 118 and the rear polarizer 114 may be set at a right angle. The front polarizer 118 filters the light emitted from the LED backlight 102 and transmits only the light of a first polarization direction of the light. The front polarizer 118 may be configured as a horizontal polarizing filter or a vertical polarizing filter. The rear polarizer 114 is a polarizing filter and may be tilted 90 degrees with respect to the front polarizer 118. In one embodiment, the polarizer may be a glass filter or a polarizing film on a substrate. The polarized light is transmitted through the front polarizer 118 and then through the liquid crystal 116 and the thin film transistor 126. The liquid crystal 116 includes a plurality of liquid crystal cells having rod-shaped polymer liquid crystal molecules. Each cell includes a common electrode and a sub-pixel electrode. When no current is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are twisted, but when a voltage is applied across the liquid crystal 116, the rod-shaped polymers are oriented in the electric field and untwist, and the voltage controls the light output from the front polarizer 118. For example, when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal 116, the liquid crystal 116 rotates, resulting in the presence of light output from the front polarizer 118. The thin film transistor 126 includes a plurality of transistors for turning on or off each liquid crystal cell in the liquid crystal 116. Each thin film transistor is electrically connected to a sub-pixel electrode of each liquid crystal cell in the liquid crystal 116. The liquid crystal 116 is configured to actively transmit or block light and display an image. The four-color filter 122 colors the white light passing through the LCD panel 120 .

[0081] White light from the LED backlight 102 passes through the diffusion film 110 and the prism 108 as well as the dual brightness enhancement film 124 towards the light guide panel 106 to provide a uniform light backlight to the LCD panel 120 .

[0082] The LED backlight 102 and LCD 100A may include additional components typical of an optical stack. In one embodiment, a diffuser, reflector, or glass filter may be provided. In another embodiment, a cover glass may cover the optical stack.

[0083] 7B illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a direct-lit backlight configuration for a liquid crystal display (LCD) 100B. As shown, the primary differences from the edge-lit configuration 100A include a different arrangement of several LED backlights 102 and the absence of a light guide panel 106. The LED backlights 102 are positioned to provide light directly to a diffusion film 110 supported by a diffuser plate 112.

[0084] The four-color filter 122 mixes and filters the white light generated by the LED backlight 102 as it passes through the LCD panel 120 to achieve a color image or display. In one embodiment, the four-color filter 122 has a red filter, a green filter, a blue filter, and a saturated green (SG) filter ("RGGB"), as shown in FIG. 7A. The RGGB color filter creates pixels with red subpixels, green subpixels, blue subpixels, and saturated green subpixels. In another embodiment, the four-color filter has a red filter, a green filter, a blue filter, and a teal or cyan filter ("RGBT"), as shown in FIG. 7B. The RGBT color filter creates pixels with red subpixels, green subpixels, blue subpixels, and teal subpixels. The RGGB and RGBT filters can be used in any liquid crystal display, and the liquid crystal display can include RGGB filters, RGBT filters, or both.

[0085] FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a backlight unit or module 200 including an LED light source 12 as previously described in FIG. 2, a light guide panel 204, a remote phosphor package 206, a dichroic filter 210 as previously described in FIG. 7A, and an LCD panel 120. The backlight unit 200 may also optionally include a prism 212 and a dual brightness enhancement film 214. The LED light source 12 is a blue-emitting LED. To generate uniform illumination, the blue light from the LED light source 12 first passes through the light guide panel 204, which diffuses the blue light. Typically, there is an air gap between the LCD panel 120 and the dual brightness enhancement film (DBEF) 214. The dual brightness enhancement film is a reflective polarizer film that increases efficiency by repeatedly reflecting unpolarized light that would otherwise be absorbed by the LCD rear polarizer 118. The dual brightness enhancement film 214 is disposed behind the LCD panel 120 without any intervening films. The dual brightness enhancement film 214 may be mounted such that its transmission axis is approximately parallel to the transmission axis of the rear polarizer 118. The dual brightness enhancement film 214 serves to recycle white light 220 that would normally be absorbed by the rear polarizer 118 of the LCD panel 120, thus increasing the brightness of the LCD panel 120 and the light 222 emitted from the LCD panel 120. In another embodiment, the prism 212 may be eliminated or replaced by other brightness enhancing components. In another aspect, the dual brightness enhancement film may be eliminated.

[0086] The backlight unit or module 200 includes a remote phosphor package 206 located a predetermined distance away from the LED light source 12. The remote phosphor package 206 includes a green emitting U 6+The remote phosphor package 206 includes a phosphor material that includes particles of red phosphor 208A and red phosphor 208B. The remote phosphor package 206 is remote in the sense that the primary light source and the phosphor material are separate elements and the phosphor material is not integrated with the primary light source as a single element. Primary light is emitted from the primary light source and travels through one or more external media to radiatively couple the LED light source 12 to the phosphor material in the remote phosphor package 206. The remote phosphor package 206 further includes a matrix material in which the phosphor material is embedded or otherwise disposed. A suitable matrix material is transparent, non-yellowing, and chemically and optically compatible with the backlight unit or module components. In one aspect, the matrix material has low oxygen and moisture permeability, exhibits high light and chemical stability, exhibits good refractive index, exhibits adhesion properties, and provides a hermetic seal to protect the phosphor material in the remote phosphor package 206.

[0087] Examples of matrix materials include, but are not limited to, epoxies, acrylates, norborenes, polyethylenes, poly(vinyl butyral):poly(vinyl acetate), polyureas, polyurethanes; silicones and silicone derivatives including, but not limited to, aminosilicones (AMS), polyphenylmethylsiloxanes, polyphenylalkylsiloxanes, polydiphenylsiloxanes, polydialkylsiloxanes, silsesquioxanes, fluorinated silicones, and vinyl and hydride substituted silicones; acrylic polymers and copolymers formed from monomers including, but not limited to, methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, and lauryl methacrylate; styrenic polymers such as polystyrene, aminopolystyrene (APS), polyacrylonitrile ethylene styrene (AES); polymers crosslinked with difunctional monomers such as divinylbenzene; crosslinkers suitable for crosslinking ligand materials, epoxides that combine with ligand amines (e.g., APS or PEI ligand amines) to form epoxy polymers.

[0088] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that a backlight unit or module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may have different configurations, for example, a direct lighting configuration may be used similar to the direct lighting configuration shown in FIG.

[0089] In one aspect, the displays described herein include 6+ It takes advantage of the inherent spectral properties of light emission. 6+ The ions can emit light at wavelengths covering the entire visible spectrum. 6+ The emission wavelength of U 6+ It depends on the coordination of the host lattice with U 6+ If the peak emission is in the green range (490 nm to 560 nm), it can be emitted as a broadband in the green range with a FWHM of 40 to 65 nm, or as a line emission consisting of five peaks in the green range (490 nm to 560 nm), each peak having a FWHM of 2 to 15 nm. In one aspect, one of the spectral peaks can be isolated to create a fourth subpixel. In one embodiment, the fourth subpixel is a teal subpixel, which creates an eye-safe display with reduced blue emission. In another embodiment, the fourth subpixel is a saturated green subpixel, which creates an ultra-high pass display.

[0090] In one embodiment, a four-color RGBT or RGGB filter with an LED backlight unit expands the color gamut of the display. 6+ The first emission peak of the line emission is isolated. A four-color RGBT filter is applied to the white light generated by the LED backlight unit and exiting the LCD panel to generate a color display having an expanded color gamut. In one embodiment, the LED backlight unit includes a blue LED, a red phosphor, and a U 6+ Contains phosphor. U in LED backlight unit 6+The phosphor contains a line emission at a wavelength of about 470 nm to about 505 nm. In another embodiment, the line emission may be in the range of about 485 nm to about 505 nm. In another embodiment, the line emission may be in the range of about 480 nm to about 500 nm. In another embodiment, the line emission may be in the range of about 490 nm to about 500 nm. In another embodiment, the line emission may be in the range of about 495 nm to about 500 nm. In another aspect, U 6+ The contained phosphor emits as a separate line with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 5 nm or less. 6+ The contained phosphor emits as separate lines with a FWHM of about 2 nm to about 5 nm. 6+ The contained phosphors emit as separate lines with a FWHM at about 2 nm. The RGBT filter splits the light into red, blue, green, and teal components, each with its own color point. The four color points can be graphed in either the (ccx, ccy) or (u', v') color space. The color points are connected to form a quadrilateral shape that defines the color gamut or color space of the display.

[0091] Teal color filter transmittance range U 6+ The narrow peak or line emission of the contained phosphors results in a well-defined quadrilateral shape with an extended color gamut. The overlap of the display gamut with a defined color space, such as the REC2020 gamut, represents the % coverage of that particular space.

[0092] In one aspect, U 6+ The second emission peak of the line emission is isolated. A four-color RGGB filter is applied to the white light generated by the LED backlight unit and exiting the LCD panel to generate a color display having an expanded color gamut. In one embodiment, the LED backlight unit includes a blue LED, a red phosphor, and a U 6+ Contains phosphor. U in LED backlight unit 6+ The phosphor has a line emission in the wavelength range of about 505 nm to about 530 nm. 6+The phosphor has a line emission in the wavelength range of about 510 nm to about 530 nm. In another embodiment, the line emission may be in the range of about 515 nm to about 525 nm, and in another embodiment, the line emission may be in the range of about 518 nm to about 525 nm. In another embodiment, the line emission may be in the range of about 520 nm to about 525 nm. In another aspect, U 6+ The contained phosphor emits as a separate line with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 5 nm or less. 6+ The contained phosphor emits as separate lines with a FWHM of about 2 nm to about 5 nm. 6+ The contained phosphors emit as separate lines with a FWHM at about 2 nm. The RGGB filter splits the light into red, blue, green and saturated green components with their own color points. The four color points can be graphed in either (ccx, ccy) or (u', v') color space. A triangular shape is formed by connecting the color points that define the color gamut or color space of the display.

[0093] U within the transmittance range of the saturated green color filter 6+ The narrow peak or line emission of the contained phosphors results in a highly saturated green color point, which creates a display with an extended ultra-high color gamut. The overlap of the display gamut with a defined color space, such as the REC2020 color gamut, represents the % coverage of that particular space. Pushing the display into a higher color gamut reduces the overall strength of the display as the green point moves further away from the eye sensitivity curve, and by having two green subpixels the display can be easily switched from one color space to another.

[0094] In one aspect, U 6+ The first emission peak of the line emission is isolated. A four-color RGBT filter is applied to the white light generated by the LED backlight unit and exiting the LCD panel to generate a color display with reduced blue light. In one embodiment, the LED backlight unit includes a blue LED, a red phosphor, and a U 6+ Contains phosphor. U in LED backlight unit6+ The phosphor comprises a linear emission at a wavelength of about 470 nm to about 505 nm. In another embodiment, the linear emission may be in the range of about 485 nm to about 505 nm. In another embodiment, the linear emission is in the range of about 480 to about 500 nm. In another embodiment, the linear emission may be in the range of about 490 nm to about 500 nm. In another embodiment, the linear emission may be in the range of about 495 nm to about 500 nm. In another aspect, U 6+ The contained phosphor emits as a separate line with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 5 nm or less. 6+ The contained phosphor emits as separate lines with a FWHM of about 2 nm to about 5 nm. 6+ The phosphors contained emit as separate lines with a FWHM at approximately 2 nm. The RGBT filter splits the light into red, blue, green, and teal components, each with its own color point. The four color points can be graphed in either the (ccx, ccy) or (u', v') color space. The color points are connected to form a quadrilateral shape that defines the gamut or color space of the display, and within each color space is the D65 white point, which is the true white point of the color space.

[0095] Teal color filter transmittance range U 6+The narrow peak or line emission of the phosphors contained results in a well-defined quadrilateral shape with an expanded color gamut. A tie line can be drawn between the teal and red color points of the color gamut. In one embodiment, the tie line is below the D65 white point. This allows display into the color gamut region formed by the blue-green triangle. The amount of blue light emitted through the display is reduced because the blue subpixel is only used to display the colors connected by the blue-teal-red triangle. If the tie line between the teal and red color points is below the D65 white point, most colors in the color space can be produced by the red, green and teal subpixels without using the blue subpixel. The teal color filter transmits light with wavelengths within the range of about 460 nm to about 550 nm, so the teal subpixel does not include blue wavelengths in the range of 415 nm to 455 nm, which are considered unsafe for the human eye. Activating the teal subpixel instead of the blue subpixel to produce a color display reduces dangerous blue light emissions from the display.

[0096] In another aspect, the display can be tuned for optimized performance, 6+ The spectral characteristics of the phosphors can be tuned, the ratios of the color pigment blends can be adjusted, and the optical density of the color filters can be altered to optimize the desired display. EXAMPLES

[0097] Example 1 White light is generated by blue LED and PFS red phosphor (K2SiF6:Mn 4+ ) and U 6+ Phosphor contained (BaZn2(PO4)2):U 6+In sample U0407 B Hg, a four-color color filter RGGB is applied to the white light from the LED backlight unit passing through an LCD panel. In comparative sample U0407 B, a three-color color filter RGB is applied to the white light from the LED backlight unit passing through an LCD panel. The RGGB filter splits the light into red, blue, green, and saturated green components, each with its own color point. The four color points can be graphed in either (ccx, ccy) or (u', v') color space. A triangular shape is formed by connecting the color points that define the color gamut or color space of the display. The RGB filter splits the light into red, blue, and green components, each with its own color point. The three color points can be graphed in either (ccx, ccy) or (u', v') color space. A triangular shape is formed by connecting the color points that define the color gamut or color space of the display.

[0098] 9A and 9B provide color spaces (ccx, ccy) in FIG. 9A and (u', v') in FIG. 9B, comparing the color gamut obtained for sample U0407 B Hg with the color gamut obtained for comparison sample U0407 B. The color gamut of U0407 B Hg using a four-color color filter has an extended color gamut coverage than the color gamut obtained with an RGB three-color color filter (U0407 B). FIG. 9A and 9B also compare the color gamut of the three-color RGB filter and the four-color RGGB filter with color standards such as sRGB, NTSC (National Television System Committee), DCI-P3, REC2020, and Adobe RGB. The color gamut obtained with the four-color RGGB filter shows improved coverage for various color standards.

[0099] White light is generated by blue LED and PFS red phosphor (K2SiF6:Mn 4+ ) and U 6+ Phosphor contained (BaZn2(PO4)2):U 6+In sample U0407, a four-color color filter RGBT is applied to the white light from the LED backlight unit passing through an LCD panel. In comparative sample U0407(3), a three-color color filter RGB is applied to the white light from the LED backlight unit passing through an LCD panel. The RGBT filter splits the light into red, blue, green, and teal components, each with its own color point. The four color points can be graphed in either (ccx, ccy) or (u', v') color space. A quadrilateral shape is formed by connecting the color points that define the color gamut or color space of the display. The RGB filter splits the light into red, blue, and green components, each with its own color point. The three color points are graphed in (ccx, ccy) and (u', v') color space. A triangular shape is formed by connecting the color points that define the color gamut or color space of the display.

[0100] 10A and 10B provide color spaces (ccx, ccy) in FIG. 10A and (u', v') in FIG. 10B, showing the color gamut of the comparative sample U0407(3) and color standards such as sRGB, NTSC (National Television System Committee), DCI-P3, REC2020, and Adobe RGB. 11A and 11B provide color spaces (ccx, ccy) in FIG. 11A and (u', v') in FIG. 11B, showing the color gamut obtained by using an RGBT four-color color filter and color standards such as sRGB, NTSC (National Television System Committee), DCI-P3, REC2020, and Adobe RGB. The color gamut obtained with the four-color RGBT filter has an expanded color gamut coverage compared to the color gamut of the comparative sample U0407(3), and has improved coverage for various color standards.

[0101] Preparation of BaZn2(PO4)2. BaCO3, ZnO, (NH4)2HPO4 (DAP) and UO2 were weighed into a Nalgene bottle in the ratio of 0.99:2:2.05:0.01 and ball milled for 2 hours. After the mixture was thoroughly blended, the powder was transferred to an alumina crucible and calcined at 500°C / 5 hours / air to decompose the DAP. After calcination, the powder was transferred back to the Nalgene bottle and ball milled for another 2 hours. The powder mixture was then transferred back to the alumina crucible and re-calcined at 1000°C / 5 hours / air. Example 2

[0102] White light is generated by blue LED and PFS red phosphor (K2SiF6:Mn 4+ ), U 6+ The white light is produced by an LED backlight unit containing phosphor, (K3UO2F5) and β-SiAlON. In sample U0607 C+B Hg, a four-color color filter RGGB is applied to the white light from the LED backlight unit passing through an LCD panel. In comparative sample U0607 C+B, a three-color filter RGB is applied to the white light from the LED backlight unit passing through an LCD panel. The RGGB filter splits the light into red, blue, green, and saturated green components, each with its own color point. The four color points can be graphed in either (ccx, ccy) or (u', v') color space. A triangular shape is formed by connecting the color points that define the color gamut or color space of the display. The RGB filter splits the light into red, blue, and green components, each with its own color point. The three color points can be graphed in either (ccx, ccy) or (u', v') color space. The triangular shapes are formed by connecting color points that define the color gamut or color space of the display.

[0103] 12A and 12B provide color spaces (ccx, ccy) in FIG. 12A and (u', v') in FIG. 12B, comparing the color gamut obtained for sample U0607 C+B Hg with the color gamut obtained for comparison sample U0607 C+B. The color gamut of the four-color color filter is shown with an expanded color gamut coverage compared to the color gamut obtained by the RGB three-color color filter. FIG. 12A and 12B also compare the color gamut of the three-color RGB filter and the four-color RGGB filter with color standards such as sRGB, NTSC (National Television System Committee), DCI-P3, REC2020 and Adobe RGB. The color gamut obtained using an additional green phosphor and the four-color RGGB filter shows improved coverage compared to various color standards.

[0104] Preparation of K3UO2F5 - In beaker 1, 1g of UO2(NO3)2-6H2O was dissolved in 1ml of water. In beaker 2, 12g of KF was dissolved in 12ml of water. Beaker 1 was added to beaker 2, forming a precipitate of K3UO2F5. ​​The product was filtered, washed, and then dried in a drying oven at 110°C. Example 3

[0105] In sample U0607 A, white light is generated by an LED backlight unit. The LED backlight unit is made up of a blue LED and a PFS red phosphor (K2SiF6:Mn 4+ ) and U 6+ It contains a phosphor (K3UO2F5). A four-color color filter RGBT is applied to the white light from the LED backlight unit passing through the LCD panel. The RGBT filter splits the light into red, blue, green, and teal components, each with its own color point. The four color points can be graphed in either the (ccx,ccy) or (u',v') color space. The color points are connected to form a quadrilateral shape that defines the gamut or color space of the display, and within each color space is the D65 white point, which is the true white point of the color space.

[0106] 13A and 13B provide color spaces (ccx, ccy) and (u', v') in FIG. 13A and show how the addition of the color point of the teal pixel defines a color gamut having a quadrilateral shape. Tie lines 700, 800 can be drawn between the teal and red color points of the color gamut. In one aspect, the tie lines 700, 800 are below the D65 white point. If the tie lines 700, 800 between the teal and red color points are below the D65 point, most colors in the color space can be generated by the red, green and teal subpixels without using the blue subpixel. The teal color filter transmits light with wavelengths within the range of about 460 nm to about 550 nm, so the teal subpixel does not include blue wavelengths within the range of about 460 nm to about 550 nm, and the teal subpixel does not include blue wavelengths within the range of 415 nm to 455 nm, which are considered unsafe for the human eye. Activating the teal subpixel instead of the blue subpixel to produce a color display reduces hazardous blue light emissions from the display.

[0107] 13A and 13B compare the color gamut obtained by using the RGBT four-color color filter with color standards such as sRGB, NTSC (National Television System Committee), DCI-P3, REC2020, and Adobe RGB. The color gamut obtained with the four-color RGBT filter has an extended color gamut coverage and improved coverage compared to various color standards. Example 4

[0108] In one aspect, U 6+ The host lattice of the phosphor was changed to U 6+ By adjusting the peak emission of the contained phosphor from about 505 nm to about 525 nm, the color gamut coverage provided by the four-color RGBT filter and the four-color RGGB filter can be modified. FIG. 14 shows some exemplary U filters having peak emissions from about 505 nm to about 525 nm. 6+ Phosphor (U0407B(BaZn2(PO4)2):U6+ 15A and 15B provide color spaces (ccx, ccy) and (u', v') of FIG. 15B for the exemplary sample U0607A. FIG. 15C and 15D provide color spaces (ccx, ccy) and (u', v') of FIG. 15C for the exemplary sample U0720B. FIG. 15E and 15F provide color spaces (ccx, ccy) and (u', v') of FIG. 15E for the exemplary sample U0720C. 15A to 15F show the different color gamut coverages by changing the host lattice for three color gamuts (U0607A, U0720B and U0720C) obtained by using RGBT 4-color color filters.

[0109] Preparation of K2UO2(SO4)2-4H2O. K2SO4, UO2(NO3)2-6H2O were dissolved in a 2:1 ratio in a minimum amount of water. Once dissolved, K2UO2(SO4)2-4H2O was formed by adding ethanol to the solution (salting out). The product was filtered, washed with ethanol, and then dried in a drying oven at 110°C.

[0110] Preparation of Cs2UO2(SO4)3. Cs2SO4, UO2(NO3)2-6H2O were dissolved in a 2:1 ratio in a minimum amount of water. Once dissolved, Cs2UO2(SO4)3 was formed by adding ethanol to the solution (salting out). The product was filtered, washed with ethanol, and then dried in a drying oven at 110°C. Example 5

[0111] In one embodiment, the color point of the teal subpixel obtained by the four-color RGBT filter can be changed by changing the blue to green ratio of the teal color filter. Figure 16A shows teal filters with various blue to green ratios of 1:3, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1, and the color space obtained in (u',v') of Figure 16B and (ccx,ccy) of Figure 16C using teal pixel filters with various blue to green ratios. As shown, some of the ratios have a tie line drawn between the teal and red color points of the gamut below the D65 white point. If the tie line between the teal and red color points is below the D65 point, most colors in the color space can be produced by the red, green, and teal subpixels without using the blue subpixel. The teal color filter transmits light with wavelengths within the range of about 460 nm to about 550 nm, so the teal subpixel does not include blue wavelengths within the range of about 460 nm to about 550 nm, and the teal subpixel does not include blue wavelengths within the range of 415 nm to 455 nm, which are considered unsafe for the human eye. Activating the teal subpixel instead of the blue subpixel to produce a color display reduces hazardous blue light emissions from the display.

[0112] This detailed description uses examples to disclose the invention, including the best mode, and also enables any person skilled in the art to practice the invention, including making and using any devices or systems, and performing any incorporated methods. The patentable scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal wording of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements that differ insubstantially from the literal wording of the claims.

Claims

1. a fourth subpixel comprising a red subpixel, a green subpixel, a blue subpixel, a teal subpixel or a saturated green subpixel, and an LED light source.

2. The display is a liquid crystal display, the display further comprises a liquid crystal display panel, the LED light source comprises one or more LED backlight units, and the one or more LED backlight units are U ６＋ 10. The display of claim 1 comprising a combination of a blue LED and a red phosphor optically coupled to the phosphor-containing material.

3. Said U ６＋ The display of claim 2 , wherein the phosphor filler and the red phosphor are disposed on at least a portion of the blue LED or are disposed away from the blue LED.

4. The green U ６＋ The display of claim 3 , wherein the loaded phosphor and the red phosphor are in the form of a film.

5. 5. The display of claim 4, wherein the blue LED is a mini LED.

6. Said U ６＋ 3. The display of claim 2, wherein the contained phosphor has a peak linear emission having a full width at half maximum of 5 nm or less in the wavelength range of about 470 nm to about 505 nm, or a peak linear emission having a full width at half maximum of 5 nm or less in the wavelength range of about 505 nm to about 525 nm.

7. Said U ６＋ The contained phosphor is BaZn ２ (P.O. ４ ) ２ :U ６＋ , BaBPO ５ :U ６＋ , K ３ UO ２ F ５ , K ２ (U.O. ２ ) (SO ４ ) ２ -2H ２ O, Cs ２ (U.O. ２ ) ２ (SO ４ ) ３ , BaZnUO ２ (P.O. ４ ) ２ , BaMgUO ２ (P.O. ４ ) ２ , Ba ３ (P.O. ４ ) ２ (U.O. ２ ) ２ P ２ O ７ and Sr ３ P ４ O １３ :U ６＋ 3. The display of claim 2, selected from the group consisting of:

8. The red phosphor is Mn ４＋ 3. The display of claim 2 comprising a doped complex fluoride.

9. The red phosphor has the formula I:A ２ (M.F. ６ ): Mn ４＋ 3. The display of claim 2, having the formula: wherein A is Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, or a combination thereof, and M is Si, Ge, Sn, Ti, Zr, Al, Ga, In, Sc, Hf, Y, La, Nb, Ta, Bi, Gd, or a combination thereof.

10. The red phosphor is K ２ (SiF ６ ): Mn ４＋ , K ２ (TiF ６ ): Mn ４＋ , K ２ (SnF ６ ): Mn ４＋ , Cs ２ (TiF ６ ): Mn ４＋ , Rb ２ (TiF ６ ): Mn ４＋ , Cs ２ (SiF ６ ): Mn ４＋ , Rb ２ (SiF ６ ): Mn ４＋ , Na ２ (SiF ６ ): Mn ４＋ , Na ２ (TiF ６ ): Mn ４＋ , Na ２ (ZrF ６ ): Mn ４＋ , K ３ (ZrF ７ ): Mn ４＋ , K ３ (BiF ６ ): Mn ４＋ , K ３ (Y.F. ６ ): Mn ４＋ , K ３ (LaF ６ ): Mn ４＋ , K ３ (GdF ６ ): Mn ４＋ , K ３ (NbF ７ ): Mn ４＋ , K ３ (TaF ７ ): Mn ４＋ 3. The display of claim 2, selected from the group consisting of:

11. The fourth subpixel includes a teal subpixel, and the U ６＋ 10. The display of claim 1, wherein the incorporated phosphor has a line emission in the wavelength range of about 470 nm to about 505 nm with a full width at half maximum of 5 nm or less.

12. The fourth sub-pixel comprises a saturated green pixel, and the U ６＋ 10. The display of claim 1, wherein the incorporated phosphor has a line emission in the wavelength range of about 505 nm to about 525 nm with a full width at half maximum of 5 nm or less.

13. 1. A display device for generating a color image, the display device comprising: an LED backlight unit; a liquid crystal display panel; and pixels comprising a red subpixel, a green subpixel, a blue subpixel, and a teal or saturated green subpixel, the LED backlight unit emitting white light; ６＋ A display device comprising a combination of a blue LED and a red phosphor optically coupled to the phosphor-containing material.

14. the pixel includes a teal sub-pixel, the LCD panel includes a four-color filter including a red filter, a green filter, a blue filter, and a teal filter, and splits the white light from the LED backlight unit into a red color point, a green color point, a blue color point, and a teal color point, respectively, the four color points defining a color space of the display, the color space having a D65 white point, a tie line between the teal color point and the red color point being below the D65 white point, and the U ６＋ 14. The display of claim 13, wherein the incorporated phosphor has a line emission at a wavelength of about 470 nm to about 505 nm and a full width at half maximum of 5 nm or less.

15. The display of claim 13 , wherein the red phosphor comprises a quantum dot material.

16. 14. The display of claim 13, wherein the teal subpixel is produced by applying a teal color filter, including cyan, turquoise, electric blue, aquamarine, and other blue-green colors, to the white light from the LED backlight unit and having an emission in the range of about 460 nm to about 550 nm.

17. 14. The display of claim 13, wherein the saturated green subpixel is produced by applying a saturated green color filter having an emission in the range of about 505 nm to about 525 nm.

18. A television comprising the display device according to claim 13.

19. A mobile phone comprising the display device according to claim 13.

20. A computer monitor comprising the display device of claim 13.

21. 10. The display of claim 1, wherein the LED light sources comprise red, green, blue and teal or saturated green micro-LEDs.

22. 14. The display of claim 13, wherein the pixel comprises a saturated green subpixel.

23. The display of claim 13 , wherein the pixel comprises a teal subpixel.

24. The display of claim 1 , wherein the fourth subpixel comprises a teal subpixel.

25. The display of claim 1 , wherein the fourth subpixel comprises a saturated green subpixel.

Images