Coffee replicas produced from individual components

Abstract

To provide materials and methods for producing coffee replicas from individual components.SOLUTION: A coffee replica comprises: one or more volatile organic compounds (VOCs); and one or more non-volatile compounds; wherein: a) the VOCs comprise at least 50 compounds selected from the group consisting of 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentadione, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, and the like; and b) the non-volatile compounds comprise at least 10 compounds selected from the group consisting of 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, aspartic acid, caffeine, choline, citric acid, lactic acid, sotolone, succinic acid, trans-ferulic acid, vanillic acid, and vanillin.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 812,946, filed March 1, 2019, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0002] Technical area This document relates to materials and methods for producing coffee-like products from individual components. [Background technology]

[0003] background Traditional methods for producing coffee are often time-consuming and costly, involving the harvesting of difficult-to-grow crops, followed by processing, drying, and milling (e.g., hulling, polishing, sizing, and / or sorting). Because each element of the traditional, geographically constrained process has inherent variability and risks, including variable climate, crop disease, and contamination, such methods and the products resulting from them can be inconsistent from batch to batch and year to year. Traditional coffee making methods require poorly defined practices, and it can be difficult to account for all of the inconsistencies, which often include adulteration of the final product with ingredients to mask imperfections. Summary of the Invention

[0004] overview This document is based, at least in part, on the identification of compounds that contribute to coffee flavor and aroma, and the development of methods for combining those compounds to provide a coffee replica (e.g., as a solid, such as a bean replica, powder replica, or granule replica, or as a liquid) that has the taste, aroma, and other characteristics of traditionally produced coffee. Because each ingredient is added individually, the methods disclosed herein can reduce much of the risk and variability associated with traditional coffee production, which can vary by region, farm, or year. In some cases, one or more ingredients (e.g., 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, 99%, or 100% of the ingredients) can be highly defined (e.g., by lot analysis). In some cases, one or more ingredients (e.g., 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, 99%, or 100% of the ingredients) can be highly pure (e.g., 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%, or 99.9% pure). The methods also provide infinite reproducibility of recipes that is not possible with traditional manufacturing methods. Furthermore, the methods described herein allow unique flexibility in optimizing the flavor, aroma, and texture of the coffee, greatly reducing or even eliminating the possibility that the resulting coffee will contain harmful or undesirable elements. Additionally, the methods disclosed herein differ from currently existing methods in that they are rapid, reproducible, and cost-effective.

[0005] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention belongs. Similar or equivalent methods and materials to those described herein can be used to implement the present invention, and suitable methods and materials are described below. All publications, patent applications, patents, and other references mentioned herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety. In case of discrepancy, the present specification, including definitions, will prevail. Furthermore, the materials, methods, and examples are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting.

[0006] In one aspect, a coffee replica comprising one or more volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and one or more non-volatile compounds, wherein (a) the VOCs are selected from the group consisting of 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentadione, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine, and 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine. (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-pentanol, 3-methylbutyric acid, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, 5-methylfurfural, acetoin acetate, amyl alcohol, β-damascenone, β-ionone, butyric acid, coffee furanone, δ-decalactone, δ-octalactone, diethyl succinate, difurfuryl ether, dimethyl trisulfate , ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl laurate, ethyl maltol, eugenol, furaneol, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, gamma decalactone, gamma nonalactone, geranyl acetate, guaiacol, isoamyl alcohol, isobutyraldehyde, isoeugenol, isopropenylpyrazine, isovaleraldehyde, isovaleric acid, maltol, massoialaactone, methanethiol, methyl anthranilate, p-anisaldehyde, pyrrole, sotolon, silyl Provided herein is a coffee replica comprising (a) at least 50 compounds selected from the group consisting of ngol, valeraldehyde, vanillin erythro- and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal, and vanillyl ethyl ether; and (b) the non-volatile compounds comprise at least 10 compounds selected from the group consisting of 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, aspartic acid, caffeine, choline, citric acid, lactic acid, sotolon, succinic acid, trans-ferulic acid, vanillic acid, and vanillin.In some embodiments, the coffee replica can be a coffee beverage replica. In some embodiments, the coffee replica can include compounds shown in the second column of Table F1 ("Range (mg / L)").

[0007] In another aspect, provided herein is a coffee replica comprising one or more volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and one or more non-volatile compounds, where (a) the one or more VOCs include at least one VOC that is not present in a corresponding reference coffee, (b) the one or more VOCs lack at least one VOC present in the corresponding reference coffee, (c) the one or more VOCs are present in the coffee replica in a total amount of at least 100 mg / L, (d) the one or more non-volatile compounds include at least one non-volatile compound that is not present in the corresponding reference coffee, or (e) the one or more non-volatile compounds lack at least one non-volatile compound that is present in the corresponding reference coffee.

[0008] Implementations may include one or more of the following features: The one or more VOCs may be present in the coffee replica in a total amount of at least 500 mg / L. The one or more VOCs may be 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-acetylpyridine, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-ethylfuran, 2-furfuryl acetate, 2-heptanol, 2-heptanone, 2-methylbutyl isovalerate, 2-methylbutyl ether ... Aldehyde, 2-methylbutyric acid, 2-nonanol, 2-nonanone, 2-octanone, 2-pentylfuran, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, 2-phenylethanol, 2-undecanone, 3-ethylpyridine, 3-hexanone, 3-octanol, 4-carbomerenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, 4'-methylacetophenone, 4-vinylphenol The composition may lack at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ethanol, 5-methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, butyl alcohol, damascenone, decanal, diethyl disulfide, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl acetate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl heptanoate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl lactate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl phenyl acetate, ethyl tiglate, furfuryl propionate, geraniol, hexanal, hexanol, hexyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, isobutyric acid, limonene, linalool, methyl benzoate, methyl hexanoate, methyl nicotinate, methyl phenyl acetate, methyl salicylate, myrcene, nonanal, octanal, p-cresol, phenethyl acetate, phenylacetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, propionic acid, and valeric acid. The one or more VOCs may include at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2-pentanol, β-ionone, ethyl benzoate, geranyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, maltol, massoialactone, and methyl anthranilate. The VOCs may include 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanedione,2,3-Diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-Diethylpyrazine, 2,3-Hexanedione, 2,3-Pentanedione, 2,5-Dimethylphenol, 2,5-Dimethylpyrazine, 2,6-Dimethylpyrazine, 2-Acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-Acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-Acetylpyridine, 2-Acetylpyrrole, 2-Ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-Ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-Ethylfuran, 2-Ethylpyrazine, 2-Furfuryl acetate, 2-Heptyl ethanol, 2-heptanone, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methylbutyl isovalerate, 2-methylbutyraldehyde, 2-methylbutyric acid, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-nonanol, 2-nonanone, 2-octanol, 2-octanone, 2-pentanol, 2-pentylfuran, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, 2-phenylethanol, 2-phenylpropion Aldehyde, 2-tridecanone, 2-undecanone, 3-ethylpyridine, 3-hexanone, 3-methylbutyric acid, 3-octanol, 3-octanone, 4-carbomer, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, 4'-methylacetophenone, 4-vinylphenol, 5-methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal, 5-methylfurfural, acetoin acetate, amyl acetate, amyl alcohol, benzaldehyde Benzyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, benzyl isovalerate, β-damascenone, β-ionone, butyl acetate, butyl alcohol, butyric acid, coffee furanone, damascenone, decanal, δ-decalactone, δ-octalactone, diethyl disulfide, diethyl succinate, difurfuryl ether, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl trisulfide, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl 3-phenylpropionate, ethyl acetate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl cinnamate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl heptanoate,Ethyl hexanoate, ethyl isobutyrate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl lactate, ethyl laurate, ethyl maltol, ethyl myristate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl oleate, ethyl phenyl acetate, ethyl salicylate, ethyl tiglate, ethyl valerate, eugenol, furaneol, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, furfuryl propionate, gamma-decalactone, gamma-decalactone, gamma-nonalactone, gamma-valerolactone, geraniol, geranyl acetate, guaiacol, hexanal, hexanol, hexyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, isoamyl benzoate, isoamyl butyrate, isoamyl isobutyrate, isobutyl acetate, isobutyl alcohol, isobutyraldehyde, isobutyric acid, isoeugenol, isopropenylpyrazine, isovaleraldehyde, isovaleric acid, limonene , linalool, maltol, massoialactone, methanethiol, methional, methyl 2-methylbutyrate, methyl anthranilate, methyl benzoate, methyl cinnamate, methyl hexanoate, methyl nicotinate, methyl phenylacetate, methyl salicylate, myrcene, nonanal, octanal, p-anisaldehyde, p-cresol, phenethyl acetate, phenylacetaldehyde, propanol, propionaldehyde, propionic acid, propyl propionate, pyrrole, sotolon, syringol, trans,trans-2,4-decadienal, trans-2-nonenal, valeraldehyde, valeric acid, vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal, and vanillyl ethyl ether. The VOCs are 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentanedione, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-pentanol,3-Methylbutyric acid, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, 5-methylfurfural, acetoin acetate, amyl alcohol, β-damascenone, β-ionone, butyric acid, coffee furanone, δ-decalactone, δ-octalactone, diethyl succinate, difurfuryl ether, dimethyl trisulfide, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl laurate, ethyl maltol, eugenol, furaneol, furfural, furfuryl alcohol , gamma-decalactone, gamma-nonalactone, geranyl acetate, guaiacol, isoamyl alcohol, isobutyraldehyde, isoeugenol, isopropenylpyrazine, isovaleraldehyde, isovaleric acid, maltol, massoialactone, methanethiol, methyl anthranilate, p-anisaldehyde, pyrrole, sotolon, syringol, valeraldehyde, vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal, and vanillyl ethyl ether. The one or more non-volatile compounds may lack at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2(5H)-furanone, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-2-hydroxybutyric acid, 2-furoic acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-methoxycinnamic acid, 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, adenine, arabitol, betaine, caffeic acid, cytidine, D-gluconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, fructose, galactose, glucose, glutamic acid, hydroxymethylfurfural, malic acid, mannitol, methyl-2-pyrrolyl ketone, inositol, pyruvic acid, quinic acid, sorbitol, syringic acid, tartaric acid, tryptamine, and uracil. The one or more non-volatile compounds may be acetovanillone, adipic acid, AMP, arginine, carnosine, cinnamic acid, citrulline, CMP, coumaric acid, cysteine, cystine, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, GABA, glucosamine, glutamine, guanine, hesperetin, histidine, isoleucine, kynurenic acid, leucine, lysine, mannose, methionine, methyl gallate, ornithine,The one or more non-volatile compounds may include at least one compound selected from the group consisting of pantothenic acid, pipecolic acid, piperine, polydatin, pyridoxine, quercetin, resveratrol, rutin, sinapic acid, sorbic acid, syringaldehyde, threonine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, tryptophan, tyramine, and tyrosine. The one or more non-volatile compounds may include 2(5H)-furanone, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-2-hydroxybutyric acid, 2-furoic acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-guanidinobutyric acid, 4-methoxycinnamic acid, 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, acetovanillone, adenine, adipic acid, AMP, arabitol, Arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, β-alanine, betaine, caffeic acid, caffeine, carnitine, carnosine, catechin, choline, cinnamic acid, citric acid, citrulline, CMP, coumaric acid, cysteine, cystine, cytidine, cytosine, D-gluconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, DL-hydroxystearic acid, ellagic acid, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, fructose, fumaric acid, GABA, galactose, gallic acid, glucosamine, glucose, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, guanine, hesperetin, histidine, homoserine, hydroxymethylfurfural, isoleucine, kynurenic acid, lactic acid, leucine, lysine, malic acid, mannitol, mannose, methionine, methyl gallate, methyl-2-pyrrolyl ketone, inositol, ornithine, pantothenic acid, phenylalanine, pipecolic acid, piperine, polydatin, proline, propyl gallate, pyridine, pyridoxine, pyruvic acid, quercetin The non-volatile compound may comprise at least 10 compounds selected from the group consisting of tin, quinic acid, resveratrol, rhamnose, ribose, rutin, salicylic acid, serine, sinapic acid, sorbic acid, sorbitol, sotolon, succinic acid, syringaldehyde, syringic acid, tartaric acid, threonine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, trans-ferulic acid, tryptamine, tryptophan, tyramine, tyrosine, uracil, valine, vanillic acid, vanillin, and xylose.The coffee replica may include at least five compounds selected from the group consisting of 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, aspartic acid, caffeine, choline, citric acid, lactic acid, sotolon, succinic acid, trans-ferulic acid, vanillic acid, and vanillin. The coffee replica may be a solution, suspension, or emulsion. The solution, suspension, or emulsion may be a ready-to-drink beverage. The solution, suspension, or emulsion may be a coffee concentrate. The coffee replica may be a solid. The coffee replica may be a coffee granule replica. The coffee replica may be a coffee powder replica. The coffee replica may include a solid substrate. The solid substrate may include processed or unprocessed grains or grain products, legumes or legume seeds, oil plants or oil seeds, fruits or fruit products, roots, stems, or root or stem products, sugar processing by-products, or other plant by-products. The solid substrate may include grape seeds.

[0009] In another aspect, provided herein is a method of preparing a coffee replica comprising the steps of making an aqueous solution comprising water, one or more VOCs that are water soluble, and one or more non-volatile compounds that are water soluble; making an emulsion comprising oil, one or more VOCs that are fat soluble, and one or more non-volatile compounds that are fat soluble; and mixing the aqueous solution and the emulsion to make a flavor mixture.

[0010] Implementations may include one or more of the following features: The method may further include processing the flavor mixture for commercial sterility. The coffee replica may be a coffee granule replica. The method may further include agglomerating the flavor mixture. The coffee replica may be a coffee bean replica or a coffee powder replica and may include a solid substrate. The method may further include applying the flavor mixture to a solid substrate to create a coated solid substrate. The one or more VOCs may be 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-acetylpyridine, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-ethylfuran, 2-furfuryl acetate, 2-heptanol, 2-heptanone, 2-methylbutyl isovalerate, 2-methylbutyl Aldehyde, 2-methylbutyric acid, 2-nonanol, 2-nonanone, 2-octanone, 2-pentylfuran, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, 2-phenylethanol, 2-undecanone, 3-ethylpyridine, 3-hexanone, 3-octanol, 4-carbomerenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, 4'-methylacetophenone, 4-vinylphenol The composition may lack at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ethanol, 5-methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, butyl alcohol, damascenone, decanal, diethyl disulfide, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl acetate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl heptanoate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl lactate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl phenyl acetate, ethyl tiglate, furfuryl propionate, geraniol, hexanal, hexanol, hexyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, isobutyric acid, limonene, linalool, methyl benzoate, methyl hexanoate, methyl nicotinate, methyl phenyl acetate, methyl salicylate, myrcene, nonanal, octanal, p-cresol, phenethyl acetate, phenylacetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, propionic acid, and valeric acid.The one or more VOCs may include at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2-pentanol, β-ionone, ethyl benzoate, geranyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, maltol, massoialactone, and methyl anthranilate. The one or more VOCs may be 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentadione, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-pentanol, 3-methylbutyric acid, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, 5-methylfurfural, acetoin acetate, amyl alcohol, β-damascenone, β-ionone, butyric acid, coffee furanone, δ- The composition may comprise at least 30 compounds selected from the group consisting of decalactone, δ-octalactone, diethyl succinate, difurfuryl ether, dimethyl trisulfide, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl laurate, ethyl maltol, eugenol, furaneol, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, gamma decalactone, gamma nonalactone, geranyl acetate, guaiacol, isoamyl alcohol, isobutyraldehyde, isoeugenol, isopropenylpyrazine, isovaleraldehyde, isovaleric acid, maltol, massoialactone, methanethiol, methyl anthranilate, p-anisaldehyde, pyrrole, sotolon, syringol, valeraldehyde, vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal, and vanillyl ethyl ether.The one or more non-volatile compounds may lack at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2(5H)-furanone, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-2-hydroxybutyric acid, 2-furoic acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-methoxycinnamic acid, 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, adenine, arabitol, betaine, caffeic acid, cytidine, D-gluconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, fructose, galactose, glucose, glutamic acid, hydroxymethylfurfural, malic acid, mannitol, methyl-2-pyrrolyl ketone, inositol, pyruvic acid, quinic acid, sorbitol, syringic acid, tartaric acid, tryptamine, and uracil. The one or more non-volatile compounds may comprise at least one compound selected from the group consisting of acetovanillone, adipic acid, AMP, arginine, carnosine, cinnamic acid, citrulline, CMP, coumaric acid, cysteine, cystine, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, GABA, glucosamine, glutamine, guanine, hesperetin, histidine, isoleucine, kynurenic acid, leucine, lysine, mannose, methionine, methyl gallate, ornithine, pantothenic acid, pipecolic acid, piperine, polydatin, pyridoxine, quercetin, resveratrol, rutin, sinapic acid, sorbic acid, syringaldehyde, threonine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, tryptophan, tyramine, and tyrosine.The one or more non-volatile compounds may be 2(5H)-furanone, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-2-hydroxybutyric acid, 2-furoic acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-guanidinobutyric acid, 4-methoxycinnamic acid, 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, acetovanillone, adenine, adipic acid, AMP, arabitol, Arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, β-alanine, betaine, caffeic acid, caffeine, carnitine, carnosine, catechin, choline, cinnamic acid, citric acid, citrulline, CMP, coumaric acid, cysteine, cystine, cytidine, cytosine, D-gluconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, DL-hydroxystearic acid, ellagic acid, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, fructose, fumaric acid, GABA, galactose, gallic acid, glucosamine, glucose, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, guanine, hesperetin, histidine, homoserine, hydroxymethylfurfural, isoleucine, kynurenic acid, lactic acid, leucine, lysine, malic acid, mannitol, mannose, methionine, methyl gallate, methyl-2-pyrrolyl ketone, inositol, ornithine, pantothenic acid, phenylalanine, pipecolic acid, piperine, polydatin, proline, propyl gallate, pyridine, pyridoxine, pyruvic acid, quercetin The one or more non-volatile compounds may include at least 10 compounds selected from the group consisting of tin, quinic acid, resveratrol, rhamnose, ribose, rutin, salicylic acid, serine, sinapic acid, sorbic acid, sorbitol, sotolon, succinic acid, syringaldehyde, syringic acid, tartaric acid, threonine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, trans-ferulic acid, tryptamine, tryptophan, tyramine, tyrosine, uracil, valine, vanillic acid, vanillin, and xylose. The one or more non-volatile compounds may include at least 5 compounds selected from the group consisting of 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, aspartic acid, caffeine, choline, citric acid, lactic acid, sotolon, succinic acid, trans-ferulic acid, vanillic acid, and vanillin.

[0011] [The present invention 1001] One or more volatile organic compounds (VOCs); and One or more non-volatile compounds A coffee replica comprising: (a) The VOCs are 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentadione, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-pentanol, 3-methylbutyric acid, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, 5-methylfurfural, acetoin acetate, amyl alcohol, β-damascenone, β-ionone, butyric acid, coffee furanone, δ-deca lactone, δ-octalactone, diethyl succinate, difurfuryl ether, dimethyl trisulfide, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl laurate, ethyl maltol, eugenol, furaneol, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, gamma decalactone, gamma nonalactone, geranyl acetate, guaiacol, isoamyl alcohol, isobutyraldehyde, isoeugenol, isopropenylpyrazine, isovaleraldehyde, isovaleric acid, maltol, massoialactone, methanethiol, methyl anthranilate, p-anisaldehyde, pyrrole, sotolon, syringol, valeraldehyde, vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal, and vanillyl ethyl ether; (b) the non-volatile compounds include at least 10 compounds selected from the group consisting of 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, aspartic acid, caffeine, choline, citric acid, lactic acid, sotolone, succinic acid, trans-ferulic acid, vanillic acid, and vanillin; Coffee replica. [The present invention 1002] The coffee replica of the present invention 1001 is a coffee beverage replica. [The present invention 1003] The following elements in the amounts shown: A coffee replica of the present invention 1001 or the present invention 1002, including TIFF2025076505000001.tif202134TIFF2025076505000002.tif242134. [The present invention 1004] One or more volatile organic compounds (VOCs); and One or more non-volatile compounds A coffee replica comprising: (a) the one or more VOCs include at least one VOC that is not present in the corresponding reference coffee; (b) the one or more VOCs do not include at least one VOC present in a corresponding reference coffee; (c) one or more VOCs are present in the coffee replica in a total amount of at least 100 mg / L; (d) the one or more non-volatile compounds include at least one non-volatile compound that is not present in a corresponding reference coffee; or (e) the one or more non-volatile compounds do not include at least one non-volatile compound present in a corresponding reference coffee; Coffee replica. [The present invention 1005] The coffee replica of the present invention 1004, wherein one or more VOCs are present in the coffee replica in a total amount of at least 500 mg / L. [The present invention 1006] The one or more VOCs are 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-acetylpyridine, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-ethylfuran, 2-furfuryl acetate, 2-heptanol, 2-heptanone, 2-methylbutyl isovalerate, 2-methylbutyraldehyde, 2-Methylbutyric acid, 2-nonanol, 2-nonanone, 2-octanone, 2-pentylfuran, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, 2-phenylethanol, 2-undecanone, 3-ethylpyridine, 3-hexanone, 3-octanol, 4-carbomerenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, 4'-methylacetophenone, 4-vinylphenol, 5-methyl-2-furan The coffee replica of invention 1004 or 1005, which does not contain at least one compound selected from the group consisting of phenyl-2-hexenal, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, butyl alcohol, damascenone, decanal, diethyl disulfide, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl acetate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl heptanoate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl lactate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl phenylacetate, ethyl tiglate, furfuryl propionate, geraniol, hexanal, hexanol, hexyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, isobutyric acid, limonene, linalool, methyl benzoate, methyl hexanoate, methyl nicotinate, methyl phenylacetate, methyl salicylate, myrcene, nonanal, octanal, p-cresol, phenethyl acetate, phenylacetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, propionic acid, and valeric acid. [The present invention 1007] The coffee replica of any of claims 1004 to 1006, wherein the one or more VOCs include at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2-pentanol, β-ionone, ethyl benzoate, geranyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, maltol, massoialactone, and methyl anthranilate. [The present invention 1008] VOCs are 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentanedione, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-acetylpyridine, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-ethyl -4-Hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-ethylfuran, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-furfuryl acetate, 2-heptanol, 2-heptanone, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methylbutyl isovalerate, 2-methylbutyraldehyde, 2-methylbutyric acid, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-nonanol, 2-nonanone, 2-octanol, 2 -Octanone, 2-pentanol, 2-pentylfuran, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, 2-phenylethanol, 2-phenylpropionaldehyde, 2-tridecanone, 2-undecanone, 3-ethylpyridine, 3-hexanone, 3-methylbutyric acid, 3-octanol, 3-octanone, 4-carbomerenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, 4'-methylacetophenone, 4-vinylphenol, 5-methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal, 5-methylfurfural, acetoin acetate, amyl acetate, amyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, benzyl isovalerate, β-damascenone, β-ionone, butyl acetate, butyl alcohol, butyric acid, coffee furanone, damascenone, decanal, δ-decalactone, δ-octalactone, diethyl disulfide, diethyl succinate, difurfuryl ether, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl trisulfide, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate,Ethyl 3-phenylpropionate, Ethyl acetate, Ethyl benzoate, Ethyl butanoate, Ethyl butyrate, Ethyl cinnamate, Ethyl decanoate, Ethyl heptanoate, Ethyl hexanoate, Ethyl isobutyrate, Ethyl isovalerate, Ethyl lactate, Ethyl laurate, Ethyl maltol, Ethyl myristate, Ethyl octanoate, Ethyl oleate, Ethyl phenylacetate, Ethyl salicylate, Ethyl tiglate, Ethyl valerate, Eugenol, Furaneol, Furfura , furfuryl alcohol, furfuryl propionate, gamma-decalactone, gamma-decalactone, gamma-nonalactone, gamma-valerolactone, geraniol, geranyl acetate, guaiacol, hexanal, hexanol, hexyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, isoamyl benzoate, isoamyl butyrate, isoamyl isobutyrate, isobutyl acetate, isobutyl alcohol, isobutyraldehyde, isobutyric acid, isoeugenol, isopropenylpyrazine , isovaleraldehyde, isovaleric acid, limonene, linalool, maltol, massoialactone, methanethiol, methional, methyl 2-methylbutyrate, methyl anthranilate, methyl benzoate, methyl cinnamate, methyl hexanoate, methyl nicotinate, methyl phenylacetate, methyl salicylate, myrcene, nonanal, octanal, p-anisaldehyde, p-cresol, phenethyl acetate, phenylacetaldehyde, propanol The coffee replica according to any one of claims 1004 to 1007, comprising at least 30 compounds selected from the group consisting of propionaldehyde, propionic acid, propyl propionate, pyrrole, sotolon, syringol, trans,trans-2,4-decadienal, trans-2-nonenal, valeraldehyde, valeric acid, vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal, and vanillyl ethyl ether. [The present invention 1009] The VOCs are 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentanedione, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine, and arazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-pentanol, 3-methylbutyric acid, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, 5-methylfurfural, acetoin acetate, amyl alcohol, β-damascenone, β-ionone, butyric acid, coffee furanone, δ-decalactone, δ-octalactone, A coffee replica according to any one of claims 1004 to 1008, comprising at least 30 compounds selected from the group consisting of diethyl succinate, difurfuryl ether, dimethyl trisulfide, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl laurate, ethyl maltol, eugenol, furaneol, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, gamma decalactone, gamma-nonalactone, geranyl acetate, guaiacol, isoamyl alcohol, isobutyraldehyde, isoeugenol, isopropenylpyrazine, isovaleraldehyde, isovaleric acid, maltol, massoialactone, methanethiol, methyl anthranilate, p-anisaldehyde, pyrrole, sotolon, syringol, valeraldehyde, vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal, and vanillyl ethyl ether. [The present invention 1010] The coffee replica of any one of claims 1004 to 1009, wherein the one or more non-volatile compounds do not include at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2(5H)-furanone, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-2-hydroxybutyric acid, 2-furoic acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-methoxycinnamic acid, 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, adenine, arabitol, betaine, caffeic acid, cytidine, D-gluconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, fructose, galactose, glucose, glutamic acid, hydroxymethylfurfural, malic acid, mannitol, methyl-2-pyrrolyl ketone, inositol, pyruvic acid, quinic acid, sorbitol, syringic acid, tartaric acid, tryptamine, and uracil. [The present invention 1011] Coffee replica according to any one of claims 1004 to 1010, wherein the one or more non-volatile compounds comprise at least one compound selected from the group consisting of acetovanillone, adipic acid, AMP, arginine, carnosine, cinnamic acid, citrulline, CMP, coumaric acid, cysteine, cystine, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, GABA, glucosamine, glutamine, guanine, hesperetin, histidine, isoleucine, kynurenic acid, leucine, lysine, mannose, methionine, methyl gallate, ornithine, pantothenic acid, pipecolic acid, piperine, polydatin, pyridoxine, quercetin, resveratrol, rutin, sinapic acid, sorbic acid, syringaldehyde, threonine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, tryptophan, tyramine, and tyrosine. [The present invention 1012] The one or more non-volatile compounds are 2(5H)-furanone, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-2-hydroxybutyric acid, 2-furoic acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-guanidinobutyric acid, 4-methoxycinnamic acid, 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, acetovanillone, adenine, adipic acid, AMP, arabitol, arginine, Asparagine, Aspartic acid, β-alanine, Betaine, Caffeic acid, Caffeine, Carnitine, Carnosine, Catechin, Choline, Cinnamic acid, Citric acid, Citrulline, CMP, Coumaric acid, Cysteine, Cystine, Cytidine, Cytosine, D-Gluconic acid, D-Glucuronic acid, DL-Hydroxystearic acid, Ellagic acid, Epicatechin, Epicatechin gallate, Fructose, Fumaric acid, GABA, Galactose, Gallic acid, Glucosamine, Glucose, Glutamic acid, Glutamine, Glycine, guanine, hesperetin, histidine, homoserine, hydroxymethylfurfural, isoleucine, kynurenic acid, lactic acid, leucine, lysine, malic acid, mannitol, mannose, methionine, methyl gallate, methyl-2-pyrrolyl ketone, inositol, ornithine, pantothenic acid, phenylalanine, pipecolic acid, piperine, polydatin, proline, propyl gallate, pyridine, pyridoxine, pyruvic acid, quercetin, quinic acid, resveratrol, rum A coffee replica according to any one of claims 1004 to 1011, comprising at least ten compounds selected from the group consisting of sucrose, ribose, rutin, salicylic acid, serine, sinapic acid, sorbic acid, sorbitol, sotolon, succinic acid, syringaldehyde, syringic acid, tartaric acid, threonine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, trans-ferulic acid, tryptamine, tryptophan, tyramine, tyrosine, uracil, valine, vanillic acid, vanillin, and xylose. [The present invention 1013] The coffee replica of any of claims 1004 to 1012, wherein the one or more non-volatile compounds include at least five compounds selected from the group consisting of 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, aspartic acid, caffeine, choline, citric acid, lactic acid, sotolone, succinic acid, trans-ferulic acid, vanillic acid, and vanillin. [The present invention 1014] A coffee replica of any of claims 1004 to 1013 which is a solution, suspension, or emulsion. [The present invention 1015] The coffee replica of the present invention 1014, wherein the solution, suspension, or emulsion is a ready-to-drink beverage. [The present invention 1016] The coffee replica of the present invention 1014, wherein the solution, suspension, or emulsion is a coffee concentrate. [The present invention 1017] A coffee replica of any of the present inventions 1004 to 1013, which is solid. [The present invention 1018] The coffee replica of the present invention 1017 is a coffee granule replica. [The present invention 1019] The coffee replica of the present invention 1017, which is a coffee powder replica. [The present invention 1020] A coffee replica of any one of claims 1004 to 1019, comprising a solid substrate. [The present invention 1021] The coffee replica of the present invention 1020, wherein the solid substrate comprises a processed or unprocessed grain or grain product, a legume or legume seed, an oil plant or oil seed, a fruit or fruit product, a root, stem, or root or stem product, a sugar processing by-product, or other plant by-product. [The present invention 1022] The coffee replica of any one of claims 1020 to 1021, wherein the solid substrate comprises grape seeds. [The present invention 1023] water, one or more VOCs that are water soluble, and One or more non-volatile compounds that are water soluble creating an aqueous solution comprising: oil, One or more VOCs that are fat-soluble, and One or more non-volatile compounds that are fat-soluble forming an emulsion comprising: mixing the aqueous solution and the emulsion to create a flavor mixture. 13. A method for preparing a coffee replica comprising: [The present invention 1024] The method of claim 1023, further comprising the step of processing the flavor mixture for commercial sterility. [The present invention 1025] The method of any one of claims 1023 to 1024, wherein the coffee replica is a coffee granule replica. [The present invention 1026] The method of claim 1025, further comprising the step of agglomerating the flavor mixture. [The present invention 1027] The method of any one of claims 1023 to 1024, wherein the coffee replica is a coffee bean replica or a coffee powder replica and comprises a solid substrate. [The present invention 1028] The method of claim 1027, further comprising applying the flavor mixture to a solid substrate to produce a coated solid substrate. [The present invention 1029] One or more VOCs are 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-acetylpyridine, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-ethylfuran, 2-furfuryl acetate, 2-heptanol, 2-heptanone, 2-methylbutyl isovalerate, 2-methylbutyraldehyde , 2-methylbutyric acid, 2-nonanol, 2-nonanone, 2-octanone, 2-pentylfuran, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, 2-phenylethanol, 2-undecanone, 3-ethylpyridine, 3-hexanone, 3-octanol, 4-carbomerenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, 4'-methylacetophenone, 4-vinylphenol, 5-methyl- The method according to any one of claims 1023 to 1028, which does not contain at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2-phenyl-2-hexenal, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, butyl alcohol, damascenone, decanal, diethyl disulfide, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl acetate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl heptanoate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl lactate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl phenyl acetate, ethyl tiglate, furfuryl propionate, geraniol, hexanal, hexanol, hexyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, isobutyric acid, limonene, linalool, methyl benzoate, methyl hexanoate, methyl nicotinate, methyl phenyl acetate, methyl salicylate, myrcene, nonanal, octanal, p-cresol, phenethyl acetate, phenylacetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, propionic acid, and valeric acid. [The present invention 1030] The method of any one of claims 1023 to 1029, wherein the one or more VOCs include at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2-pentanol, β-ionone, ethyl benzoate, geranyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, maltol, massoialactone, and methyl anthranilate. [The present invention 1031] One or more VOCs are 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentanedione, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyric acid, ... ethyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-pentanol, 3-methylbutyric acid, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, 5-methylfurfural, acetoin acetate, amyl alcohol, β-damascenone, β-ionone, butyric acid, coffee furanone, δ-decalactone, δ- The method of any one of claims 1023 to 1030, comprising at least 30 compounds selected from the group consisting of octalactone, diethyl succinate, difurfuryl ether, dimethyl trisulfide, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl laurate, ethyl maltol, eugenol, furaneol, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, gamma decalactone, gamma nonalactone, geranyl acetate, guaiacol, isoamyl alcohol, isobutyraldehyde, isoeugenol, isopropenylpyrazine, isovaleraldehyde, isovaleric acid, maltol, massoialactone, methanethiol, methyl anthranilate, p-anisaldehyde, pyrrole, sotolon, syringol, valeraldehyde, vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal, and vanillyl ethyl ether. [The present invention 1032] The method of any one of claims 1023 to 1031, wherein the one or more non-volatile compounds do not include at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2(5H)-furanone, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-2-hydroxybutyric acid, 2-furoic acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-methoxycinnamic acid, 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, adenine, arabitol, betaine, caffeic acid, cytidine, D-gluconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, fructose, galactose, glucose, glutamic acid, hydroxymethylfurfural, malic acid, mannitol, methyl-2-pyrrolyl ketone, inositol, pyruvic acid, quinic acid, sorbitol, syringic acid, tartaric acid, tryptamine, and uracil. [The present invention 1033] The method of any one of claims 1023 to 1032, wherein the one or more non-volatile compounds comprise at least one compound selected from the group consisting of acetovanillone, adipic acid, AMP, arginine, carnosine, cinnamic acid, citrulline, CMP, coumaric acid, cysteine, cystine, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, GABA, glucosamine, glutamine, guanine, hesperetin, histidine, isoleucine, kynurenic acid, leucine, lysine, mannose, methionine, methyl gallate, ornithine, pantothenic acid, pipecolic acid, piperine, polydatin, pyridoxine, quercetin, resveratrol, rutin, sinapic acid, sorbic acid, syringaldehyde, threonine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, tryptophan, tyramine, and tyrosine. [The present invention 1034] The non-volatile compound or compounds may be 2(5H)-furanone, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-2-hydroxybutyric acid, 2-furoic acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-guanidinobutyric acid, 4-methoxycinnamic acid, 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, acetovanillone, adenine, adipic acid, AMP, arabitol, arginine ... Asparagine, aspartic acid, β-alanine, betaine, caffeic acid, caffeine, carnitine, carnosine, catechin, choline, cinnamic acid, citric acid, citrulline, CMP, coumaric acid, cysteine, cystine, cytidine, cytosine, D-gluconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, DL-hydroxystearic acid, ellagic acid, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, fructose, fumaric acid, GABA, galactose, gallic acid, glucosamine, glucose, glutamic acid, glutamic acid amine, glycine, guanine, hesperetin, histidine, homoserine, hydroxymethylfurfural, isoleucine, kynurenic acid, lactic acid, leucine, lysine, malic acid, mannitol, mannose, methionine, methyl gallate, methyl-2-pyrrolyl ketone, inositol, ornithine, pantothenic acid, phenylalanine, pipecolic acid, piperine, polydatin, proline, propyl gallate, pyridine, pyridoxine, pyruvic acid, quercetin, quinic acid, resveratrol The method of any of claims 1023 to 1033, further comprising at least ten compounds selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhamnose, ribose, rutin, salicylic acid, serine, sinapic acid, sorbic acid, sorbitol, sotolon, succinic acid, syringaldehyde, syringic acid, tartaric acid, threonine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, trans-ferulic acid, tryptamine, tryptophan, tyrosine, uracil, valine, vanillic acid, vanillin, and xylose. [The present invention 1035] The method of any one of claims 1023 to 1034, wherein the one or more non-volatile compounds include at least five compounds selected from the group consisting of 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, aspartic acid, caffeine, choline, citric acid, lactic acid, sotolone, succinic acid, trans-ferulic acid, vanillic acid, and vanillin. The details of one or more embodiments of the invention are set forth in the description that follows. Other features, objects, and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description and the claims. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0012] Detailed Description This document also provides methods of making coffee-like products by providing coffee-like products (e.g., solids and liquids) and combining individual volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and non-volatile organic compounds, with or without other factors. Compounds designated herein as "VOCs" may be measured using GCMS. Compounds designated herein as "non-volatile compounds" may be measured using LCMS. Some compounds may be measured using either GCMS or LCMS, but for purposes of this disclosure, a compound is either a VOC or a non-volatile compound. For compounds not specifically described herein, the compound may be considered to be either a VOC or a non-volatile compound based on factors such as similarity to compounds described herein and the method (GCMS or LCMS) that a person skilled in the art would choose for its analysis.

[0013] Generally, these products may be referred to as "coffee-like products" or "coffee replicas". Examples of coffee solids include beans, powders, and granules (e.g., for granules, as used in ready-to-mix or instant coffee). Accordingly, the present disclosure provides replicas of these solids, which may be termed "coffee-like beans" or "coffee bean replicas", "coffee-like powders" or "coffee powder replicas", or "coffee-like granules" or "coffee granule replicas", respectively. Coffee liquids (e.g., solutions, suspensions, or emulsions) include coffee beverages (e.g., ready-to-drink beverages) or coffee concentrates. Accordingly, the present disclosure provides replicas of these liquids, which may be termed "coffee-like beverages" or "coffee beverage replicas", or "coffee-like concentrates" or "coffee concentrate replicas", respectively. Although in solid form, it will be understood that the coffee granule replicas are dehydrated versions of the coffee beverage replicas or coffee concentrate replicas. The coffee-like products described herein can have characteristics including taste, aroma, mouthfeel, and appearance of traditionally produced coffee and are consumed and enjoyed in the same way as traditional coffee.

[0014] As used herein, the terms "traditional" coffee and "reference" coffee refer to coffee products produced through a standard coffee making process, including growing, drying, and grinding coffee beans. "Traditionally produced coffee" is coffee produced using a standard coffee making process.

[0015] Traditional coffee is a complex mixture at the chemical level. In some aspects, the present disclosure provides a coffee replica that is less complex than traditional coffee. It is surprising that the replica disclosed herein does not need to have the complexity of traditional coffee to be perceived as traditional coffee. It is also surprising that some compounds that have an unpleasant taste and / or odor in themselves can enhance the taste and / or odor of the coffee replica disclosed herein. It is even more surprising that the exclusion of some compounds found in all tested traditional coffees was not detrimental to the coffee replica described herein. Similarly, it is surprising that some compounds not found in all tested traditional coffees were beneficial to the coffee replica described herein. It is also surprising that the coffee replica described herein that contains some compounds in amounts greater than the highest amount measured in the tested traditional coffees or less than the lowest amount measured in the tested traditional coffees is superior to replicas that contain the same compounds in amounts within the range measured in the traditional coffees. Thus, in another aspect, the present disclosure provides a coffee replica that is not a mere replica of an existing product, but provides a similar sensory experience due to a different chemical composition.

[0016] In some embodiments, the coffee replica may consist of the ingredients included in a specific list or may have a VOC content (or non-volatile compound content) consisting of the VOCs or non-volatile compounds included in a specific list. Additionally, the coffee replica may consist of the ingredients included in a specific list or may have a VOC content (or non-volatile compound content) consisting essentially of the VOCs or non-volatile compounds included in a specific list. By "consisting essentially of" it is meant that the coffee replica contains the specified ingredients / VOCs / non-volatile compounds and may contain additional ingredients / VOCs / non-volatile compounds that do not substantially affect the basic novel characteristics of coffee.

[0017] Generally, a coffee replica contains the following elements or element classes: (a) one or more VOCs; and (b) one or more non-volatile compounds.

[0018] In some cases, the coffee beverage replica or coffee concentrate replica may include the following elements or classes of elements: (a) one or more VOCs; (b) one or more non-volatile compounds; and (c) Either pure water or water containing mineral content present to improve flavor.

[0019] In some cases, the coffee bean replica or coffee powder replica includes the following elements or element classes: (a) one or more VOCs; (b) one or more non-volatile compounds; and (c) Solid substrate.

[0020] VOCs can provide both aromas and flavors, including fruity, floral, green, earthy, herbaceous, roasted / burnt, sour / fermented, creamy, spicy, and / or mineral aromas and flavors. The non-volatile components (and solid substrates) can provide the acidity of the coffee replica, as well as much of the flavor, sweetness, aftertaste, physical structure, and mouthfeel perception.

[0021] In some embodiments, the coffee replica comprises: (a) one or more VOCs, at least one of which is not present in the corresponding reference coffee; (b) one or more VOCs, at least one of which does not include at least one VOC present in the corresponding reference coffee; (c) one or more non-volatile compounds, at least one of which is not present in the corresponding reference coffee; (d) one or more non-volatile compounds, at least one of which is not present in the corresponding reference coffee; or (e) the non-volatile compounds do not include at least one non-volatile compound present in the corresponding reference coffee; or (e) any combination of (a), (b), (c), and (d) [(a) and (b); (a) and (c); (a) and (d); (b) and (c); (b) and (d); (c) and (d); (a), (b), and (c); (a), (b), and (d); (a), (c), and (d); (b), (c), and (d); or (a), (b), (c), and (d)]. In some embodiments, the liquid coffee replica may be characterized by (f) one or more VOCs, the one or more VOCs being present in the coffee replica in a total amount of at least 100 mg / L. Feature (f) may be combined with any combination of (a)-(d) above.

[0022] The amounts of VOC and non-volatile compounds reported in the Round 1 assay of the examples are based on coffee made from 75±10 g of beans (which were subsequently ground) brought to a total volume of 1740 mL with water.

[0023] The amounts of VOCs and non-volatile compounds listed in the Round 2 assay of the examples are based on coffee made from 80 g of beans (ground) and 1120 g (1120 mL) of water.

[0024] When stereochemistry is not specified, it will be understood that any and all stereoisomers can be used.

[0025] Hereinafter, the amounts of some VOCs and non-volatile compounds are expressed in mg / L for the liquid coffee replica. For the solid coffee replica, when the total amount of VOCs and non-volatile compounds is specified, these same figures are expressed as a weight percentage of all VOCs and non-volatile compounds. In some cases, when the total amount of VOCs and non-volatile compounds is not specified, an estimate of about 1.7 g ± about 10% of all VOCs and non-volatile compounds may be used. For example, a VOC present in an amount of 100 mg / L may also be expressed as about 5.9% ± 0.6% of all VOCs and non-volatile compounds of the coffee replica (e.g., coffee granule replica).

[0026] Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) The coffee replicas described herein may, in some cases, contain at least one VOC that is not present in the corresponding reference coffee. Non-limiting examples of VOCs not present in the corresponding reference coffee include 2,3-butanediol, 2-octanol, 2-pentanol, 2-phenylpropionaldehyde, 2-tridecanone, 3-octanone, amyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, benzyl isovalerate, β-ionone, butyl acetate, ethyl 3-phenylpropionate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl cinnamate, ethyl isobutyrate, ethyl myristate, ethyl oleate, ethyl salicylate, ethyl valerate, γ-decalactone, γ-valerolactone, geranyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, isoamyl benzoate, isoamyl butyrate, isoamyl isobutyrate, isobutyl acetate, isobutyl alcohol, maltol, massoialactone, methional, methyl 2-methylbutyrate, methyl anthranilate, methyl cinnamate, propanol, propyl propionate, and trans,trans-2,4-decadienal. Thus, in some embodiments, the coffee replica may be prepared using any of the following alcohols: 2,3-butanediol, 2-octanol, 2-pentanol, 2-phenylpropionaldehyde, 2-tridecanone, 3-octanone, amyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, benzyl isovalerate, β-ionone, butyl acetate, ethyl 3-phenylpropionate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl cinnamate, ethyl isobutyrate, ethyl myristate, ethyl oleate, ethyl salicylate, ethyl valerate, γ-decalactone, γ-valerolactone, geraniol, glycer ... The composition may include one or more (e.g., at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, or 30) compounds selected from the group consisting of isoamyl, isoamyl alcohol, isoamyl benzoate, isoamyl butyrate, isoamyl isobutyrate, isobutyl acetate, isobutyl alcohol, maltol, massoialactone, methional, methyl 2-methylbutyrate, methyl anthranilate, methyl cinnamate, propanol, propyl propionate, and trans,trans-2,4-decadienal.In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include one or more (e.g., at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8) compounds selected from the group consisting of 2-pentanol, β-ionone, ethyl benzoate, geranyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, maltol, massoialactone, and methyl anthranilate.

[0027] The coffee replicas described herein, in some cases, exclude at least one VOC present in the corresponding reference coffee. Non-limiting examples of VOCs present in the reference coffee include 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2,3-pentanedione, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-acetylpyridine, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-ethylfuran, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-furfuryl. Acetate, 2-heptanol, 2-heptanone, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methylbutyl isovalerate, 2-methylbutyraldehyde, 2-methylbutyric acid, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-nonanol, 2-nonanone, 2-octanone, 2-pentylfuran, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, 2-phenylethanol, 2-undecanone, 3-ethylpyridine, 3-hexanone, 3-octanol, 4-carbomer , 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, 4'-methylacetophenone, 4-vinylphenol, 5-methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal, 5-methylfurfural, amyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, butyl alcohol, butyric acid, coffee furanone, damascenone, decanal, diethyl disulfide, diethyl succinate, difurfuryl ether, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl trisulfide, ethyl 2-methyl butylate, ethyl acetate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl heptanoate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl lactate, ethyl laurate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl phenyl acetate, ethyl tiglate, furfural, furfuryl propionate, gamma-nonalactone, geraniol, guaiacol, hexanal, hexanol, hexyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, isobutyraldehyde, isobutyric acid, isovaleraldehyde, isovaleric acid, limonene, linalool, methyl benzoate, methyl hexanoate,The following are included: methyl nicotinate, methyl phenyl acetate, methyl salicylate, myrcene, nonanal, octanal, p-anisaldehyde, p-cresol, phenethyl acetate, phenylacetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, propionic acid, pyrrole, syringol, valeraldehyde, and valeric acid. Thus, in some embodiments, the coffee replica includes 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2,3-pentanedione, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-acetylpyridine, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol ... Tyrfuran, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-furfuryl acetate, 2-heptanol, 2-heptanone, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methylbutyl isovalerate, 2-methylbutyraldehyde, 2-methylbutyric acid, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-nonanol, 2-nonanone, 2-octanone, 2-pentylfuran, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, 2-phenylethanol, 2-un Decanone, 3-ethylpyridine, 3-hexanone, 3-octanol, 4-carbomerenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, 4'-methylacetophenone, 4-vinylphenol, 5-methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal, 5-methylfurfural, amyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, butyl alcohol, butyric acid, coffee furanone, damascenone, decanal, diethyl disulfide , diethyl succinate, difurfuryl ether, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl trisulfide, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl acetate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl heptanoate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl lactate, ethyl laurate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl phenyl acetate, ethyl tiglate, furfural, furfuryl propionate, γ-nonalactone, geraniol, guaiacol, hexanal,The composition may lack one or more (e.g., at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, or 50) compounds selected from the group consisting of hexanol, hexyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, isobutyraldehyde, isobutyric acid, isovaleraldehyde, isovaleric acid, limonene, linalool, methyl benzoate, methyl hexanoate, methyl nicotinate, methyl phenyl acetate, methyl salicylate, myrcene, nonanal, octanal, p-anisaldehyde, p-cresol, phenethyl acetate, phenylacetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, propionic acid, pyrrole, syringol, valeraldehyde, and valeric acid. In some embodiments, the coffee replica is selected from the group consisting of 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-acetylpyridine, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-ethylfuran, 2-furfuryl acetate, 2-heptanol, 2-heptanone, 2-methylbutyl isovalerate, 2-methylbutyraldehyde, 2-methylbutyric acid, 2-nonanol, 2-nonanone, 2-octanone, 2-pentylfuran, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, 2-phenylethanol, 2-undecanone, 3-ethylpyridine, 3-hexanone, 3-octanol, 4-carbomer, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-methyl-2-phenyl -2-Pentenal, 4'-Methylacetophenone, 4-Vinylphenol, 5-Methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, butyl alcohol, damascenone, decanal, diethyl disulfide, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl acetate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl heptanoate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl lactate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl phenyl acetate, ethyl tiglate, furfuryl propionate, geraniol, hexanal, hexanol, hexyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, isobutyric acid, limonene, linalool, methyl benzoate, methyl hexanoate, methyl nicotinate, methyl phenyl acetate, methyl salicylate, myrcene, nonanal, octanal, p-cresol, phenethyl acetate, phenylacetaldehyde,The mixture may lack one or more (e.g., at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, or 40) compounds selected from the group consisting of propionaldehyde, propionic acid, and valeric acid.

[0028] The VOCs present in the coffee replica may include compounds classified by a first set of categories including hydrocarbons (e.g., alkanes, alkenes, terpenes, isoprenoids, or aromatic hydrocarbons), alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, esters, lactones, phenols, furans, thiophenes, pyrroles, oxazoles, thiazoles, pyridines, pyrazines, amines, sulfur compounds (e.g., alkyl sulfides), and other VOCs (e.g., VOCs that do not belong to any of the above categories). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, esters, phenols, furans, thiophenes, pyrroles, pyridines, pyrazines, amines, and sulfur compounds. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may further include VOCs that do not belong to any of the above categories. In some embodiments, the coffee replica can include at least one VOC belonging to each of at least three (e.g., at least 4, at least 5, at least 5, at least 7, at least 8, at least 9, at least 10, 3-14, 3-10, 3-5, 5-14, 5-10, or 10-14) of the following categories: hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, esters, phenols, furans, thiophenes, pyrroles, pyridines, pyrazines, amines, and sulfur compounds.

[0029] The VOCs present in the coffee replica may include compounds classified by a second category set including acids, alcohols, aldehydes, amines, benzenes, esters, furans, ketones, lactones, phenols, pyrazines, pyridines, pyrroles, sugars or sugar alcohols, sulfur compounds, terpenes, or thiophenes. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include one or more of acids, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, furans, ketones, lactones, phenols, pyrazines, pyridines, pyrroles, sugars or sugar alcohols, sulfur compounds, terpenes, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include acids, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, furans, ketones, lactones, phenols, pyrazines, pyrroles, sugars or sugar alcohols, sulfur compounds, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include at least one VOC from each of at least three of the following categories (e.g., at least 4, at least 5, at least 5, at least 7, at least 8, at least 9, at least 10, at least 15, 3-15, 3-10, 3-5, 5-14, 5-10, 10-15, or 10-17): acids, alcohols, aldehydes, amines, benzenes, esters, furans, ketones, lactones, phenols, pyrazines, pyridines, pyrroles, sugars or sugar alcohols, sulfur compounds, terpenes, or thiophenes. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include acids, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, furans, ketones, lactones, phenols, pyrazines, pyrroles, sugars or sugar alcohols, sulfur compounds.

[0030] Hydrocarbons (e.g., alkanes, alkenes, terpenes, isoprenoids, or aromatic hydrocarbons) can provide important flavors and / or aromas for the general character of coffee. For example, terpenes and isoprenoids can contribute to the floral and green characteristics of coffee. Non-limiting examples of hydrocarbons that can be used in the coffee replicas provided herein include β-myrcene, styrene, toluene, and mixtures thereof. The hydrocarbons can be present in any suitable amount. The hydrocarbons can account for any suitable percentage of the total VOC content. Any suitable number of hydrocarbons can be used, for example, 1-3 types, 1-2 types, at least 1 type, or at least 2 types of hydrocarbons.

[0031] Terpenes may contribute to the floral and green characteristics of coffee. Non-limiting examples of terpenes that may be used in the coffee replicas provided herein include α-methyl-α-[4-methyl-3-pentenyl]oxiranemethanol, β-myrcene, limonene, linalool, myrcene, and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include one or more (e.g., at least two or three) terpenes selected from the group consisting of limonene, linalool, and myrcene. The terpenes may be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, the terpenes may be present in an amount of about 0.01 to about 0.04 mg / L (e.g., about 0.01 to about 0.02 mg / L, about 0.02 to about 0.03 mg / L, about 0.04 to about 0.04 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.03 mg / L, or about 0.02 to about 0.04 mg / L). The terpenes can comprise any suitable percentage of the total VOC content. Any suitable number of terpenes can be used, for example, 1-3, 1-2, at least 1, or at least 2 terpenes. In some embodiments, the coffee replica can be free of terpenes.

[0032] Benzenes can provide important flavors and / or aromas for the general character of coffee. Non-limiting examples of benzenes that can be used in the coffee replicas provided herein include styrene, toluene, and mixtures thereof. The benzenes can be present in any suitable amount. The benzenes can account for any suitable percentage of the total VOC content. Any suitable number of benzenes can be used, for example, 1-3, 1-2, at least 1, or at least 2 benzenes. In some embodiments, the coffee replica can be free of benzenes. Alcohol can provide various flavor and / or aroma elements to coffee, including banana character, spice character, grassiness character, and oxidation character. Alcohol can also be important for rounding out the general aroma of coffee and adding weight to the palate. Non-limiting examples of alcohols that may be present in the coffee replicas provided herein include 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2,3-butanediol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-heptanol, 2-nonanol, 2-octanol, 2-pentanol, 2-phenylethanol, 3-octanol, 4-carbomerethanol, amyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, geraniol, hexanol, isoamyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, propanol, and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the coffee replicas provided herein may include one or more (e.g., at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, or 15) alcohols selected from the group consisting of 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2,3-butanediol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-heptanol, 2-nonanol, 2-octanol, 2-pentanol, 2-phenylethanol, 3-octanol, 4-carbomerethanol, amyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, geraniol, hexanol, isoamyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and propanol.In some embodiments, the coffee replica provided herein may include one or more (e.g., at least two or three) alcohols selected from the group consisting of 2-pentanol, amyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol. The alcohol may be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, the alcohol may be present in an amount of about 0.002 to about 0.8 mg / L (e.g., about 0.002 to about 0.005 mg / L, about 0.005 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.05 mg / L, about 0.05 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.8 mg / L, or about 0.5 to about 0.8 mg / L). The alcohol may account for any suitable percentage of the total VOC content. Any suitable number of alcohols may be used, for example, at least one alcohol may be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be alcohol-free.

[0033] Aldehydes can provide important flavors and / or aromas for the general characteristics of coffee.Non-limiting examples of aldehydes that can be used in the coffee replica provided herein include 2-methyl-butanal, 2-methylbutyraldehyde, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, 2-phenylpropionaldehyde, 3-furaldehyde, 3-methyl-butanal, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, 5-methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde, 5-methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal, benzaldehyde, decanal, hexanal, isobutyraldehyde, isovaleraldehyde, nonanal, octanal, p-anisaldehyde, phenylacetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, trans,trans-2,4-decadienal, trans-2-nonenal, and valeraldehyde, and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the coffee replica provided herein may include one or more (e.g., at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, or 15) aldehydes selected from the group consisting of 2-methylbutyraldehyde, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, 2-phenylpropionaldehyde, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, 5-methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal, benzaldehyde, decanal, hexanal, isobutyraldehyde, isovaleraldehyde, nonanal, octanal, p-anisaldehyde, phenylacetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, trans,trans-2,4-decadienal, trans-2-nonenal, valeraldehyde. In some embodiments, the coffee replica provided herein may include one or more (e.g., at least two, three, or four) aldehydes selected from the group consisting of isobutyraldehyde, isovaleraldehyde, p-anisaldehyde, and valeraldehyde. The aldehyde may be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, the aldehyde may be present in an amount of about 1 to about 7 mg / L (e.g., about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 1 to about 3 mg / L, about 3 to about 5 mg / L, or about 5 to about 7 mg / L). The aldehyde may account for any suitable percentage of the total VOC content.Any suitable number of aldehydes may be used, for example, 1-5, 1-3, 3-5, at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, or at least 4 aldehydes. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of aldehydes.

[0034] Ketones can provide flavors and / or aromas important to the general character of coffee. Non-limiting examples of ketones that can be used in the coffee replicas provided herein include 1-hydroxy-2-propanone, 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-dimethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentadione, 2-butanone, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-heptanone, 2-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2-nonanone, 2-octanone, 2-tridecanone, 2-undecanone, 3-ethyl-2-hydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 3-hexanone, 3-octanone, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, 4'-methylacetophenone, acetone, β-damascenone, β-ionone, coffee furanone, damascenone, and dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include one or more ketones (e.g., at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, or 15) selected from the group consisting of 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentadione, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-heptanone, 2-nonanone, 2-octanone, 2-tridecanone, 2-undecanone, 3-hexanone, 3-octanone, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, 4'-methylacetophenone, β-damascenone, β-ionone, coffee furanone, and damascenone. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include one or more (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8) ketones selected from the group consisting of 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentadione, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, β-damascenone, β-ionone, and coffee furanone. The ketones may be present in any suitable amount.In some embodiments, the ketone can be present in an amount of about 0.004 to about 160 mg / L (e.g., about 0.004 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.005 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.05 mg / L, about 0.05 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 50 mg / L, about 50 to about 100 mg / L, about 50 to about 150 mg / L, about 50 to about 160 mg / L, about 100 to about 160 mg / L, or about 60 to about 160 mg / L). In some embodiments, the ketones may be present in an amount of at least about 53 mg / L (e.g., at least about 55 mg / L, 60 mg / L, 70 mg / L, 80 mg / L, 90 mg / L, 100 mg / L, 110 mg / L, 120 mg / L, 130 mg / L, 140 mg / L, or 150 mg / L). The ketones may comprise any suitable percentage of the total VOC content. Any suitable number of ketones may be used, for example, 1-8, 1-5, 1-3, 3-8, 3-5, 5-8, at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, or at least 5 ketones may be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of ketones.

[0035] Acids can contribute to the "sour" aroma and / or flavor that is important for the general characteristics of coffee. Acids that can be included in the coffee replica include, but are not limited to, 2-methylbutyric acid, 3-methylbutyric acid, 4-hydroxy-butanoic acid, acetic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid, propionic acid, and valeric acid, and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the coffee replica can include one or more acids (e.g., at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7) selected from the group consisting of 2-methylbutyric acid, 3-methylbutyric acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid, propionic acid, and valeric acid. In some embodiments, the coffee replica can include one or more acids (e.g., 2 or 3) selected from the group consisting of 3-methylbutyric acid, butyric acid, and isovaleric acid. The acids can be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, the acid may be present in an amount of about 3.2 to about 7 mg / L (e.g., about 3.2 to about 5 mg / L, about 4 to about 7 mg / L, about 5 to about 7 mg / L, or about 4 to about 6 mg / L). The acid may comprise any suitable percentage of the total VOC content. Any suitable number of acids may be used, for example, 1 to 2, at least 1, or at least 2 acids. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of acid.

[0036] Esters such as ethyl esters, methyl esters, and acetate esters can contribute to the fruity and floral characteristics of coffee. Esters that can be used in coffee replicas include, but are not limited to, 2-furanmethanol acetate, 2-furanmethanol propanoate, 2-methylbutyl isovalerate, acetic acid 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl ester, acetate methyl ester, acetoin acetate, amyl acetate, benzyl acetate, benzyl isovalerate, butyl acetate, δ-decalactone, δ-octalactone, diethyl succinate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl 3-phenylpropionate, ethyl acetate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl cinnamate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl heptanoate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl isobutyrate, isovaler ... ethyl isovalerate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl 3-phenylpropionate, ethyl acetate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl 2 ethyl, ethyl lactate, ethyl laurate, ethyl myristate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl oleate, ethyl phenyl acetate, ethyl salicylate, ethyl tiglate, ethyl valerate, furfuryl formate, gamma-decalactone, gamma-nonalactone, gamma-valerolactone, geranyl acetate, hexyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, isoamyl benzoate, isoamyl butyrate, isoamyl isobutyrate, isobutyl acetate, methyl 2-methylbutyrate, methyl anthranilate, methyl benzoate, methyl cinnamate, methyl hexanoate, methyl phenyl acetate, methyl salicylate, phenethyl acetate, propyl propionate, and mixtures thereof.In some embodiments, the coffee replica is an extract of 2-methylbutyl isovalerate, acetoin acetate, amyl acetate, benzyl acetate, benzyl isovalerate, butyl acetate, δ-decalactone, δ-octalactone, diethyl succinate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl 3-phenylpropionate, ethyl acetate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl cinnamate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl heptanoate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl isobutyrate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl lactate, ethyl laurate, ethyl myristate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl oleate, ethyl phenylacetate, salicylate, ethyl phenylacetate ... The esters may include one or more (e.g., at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, or 40) esters selected from the group consisting of ethyl acetate, ethyl tiglate, ethyl valerate, gamma-decalactone, gamma-nonalactone, gamma-valerolactone, geranyl acetate, hexyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, isoamyl benzoate, isoamyl butyrate, isoamyl isobutyrate, isobutyl acetate, methyl 2-methylbutyrate, methyl anthranilate, methyl benzoate, methyl cinnamate, methyl hexanoate, methyl phenylacetate, methyl salicylate, phenethyl acetate, and propyl propionate. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include one or more (e.g., at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, or 13) esters selected from the group consisting of acetoin acetate, δ-decalactone, δ-octalactone, diethyl succinate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl laurate, γ-nonalactone, geranyl acetate, and methyl anthranilate. The esters may be present in any suitable amount.In some embodiments, the ester may be present in an amount of about 0.001 to about 450 mg / L (e.g., about 0.001 to about 0.005 mg / L, about 0.005 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.05 mg / L, about 0.05 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 50 mg / L, about 50 to about 100 mg / L, about 100 to about 450 mg / L, about 100 to about 300 mg / L, or about 200 to about 400 mg / L). In some embodiments, the esters may be present in an amount of at least about 0.6 mg / L (e.g., at least about 0.7 mg / L, 0.8 mg / L, 0.9 mg / L, 1 mg / L, 2 mg / L, 3 mg / L, 4 mg / L, 5 mg / L, 10 mg / L, 20 mg / L, 30 mg / L, 40 mg / L, 50 mg / L, 75 mg / L, 100 mg / L, 150 mg / L, 200 mg / L, 250 mg / L, 300 mg / L, 350 mg / L, or 400 mg / L). The esters may comprise any suitable percentage of the total VOC content. Any suitable number of esters may be used, for example, 1-5, 1-3, 3-5, at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, or at least 4 esters may be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of esters.

[0037] Lactones can provide important flavors and / or aromas for the general characteristics of coffee. Non-limiting examples of lactones that can be used in the coffee replicas provided herein include 4,5-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-2,5-dihydro-furan-2-one, gamma decalactone, massoialactone, sotolone, and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the coffee replicas can include one or more (e.g., two or three) lactones selected from the group consisting of gamma decalactone, massoialactone, and sotolone. The lactones can be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, the lactones can be present in an amount of about 25 to about 50 mg / L (e.g., about 25 to about 35 mg / L, about 35 to about 45 mg / L, about 30 to about 40 mg / L, or about 40 to about 50 mg / L). The lactones can account for any suitable percentage of the total VOC content. Any suitable number of lactones can be used, for example, one to three, or at least two lactones can be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be lactone-free.

[0038] Phenols can provide important flavors and / or aromas for the general characteristics of coffee, for example, phenols can contribute to earthy characteristics. Non-limiting examples of phenols that can be used in the coffee replicas provided herein include 1-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-ethanone, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methoxy-phenol, 2-methyl-phenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy-phenol, 4-vinylphenol, eugenol, guaiacol, isoeugenol, p-cresol, phenol, syringol (2,6-dimethoxyphenol), vanillin erythro- and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetals, vanillyl ethyl ether, and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may comprise one or more (e.g., at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, or 13) phenols selected from the group consisting of 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-vinylphenol, eugenol, guaiacol, isoeugenol, p-cresol, syringol, vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal, and vanillyl ethyl ether. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may comprise one or more (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10) phenols selected from the group consisting of 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, eugenol, guaiacol, isoeugenol, syringol, vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal, and vanillyl ethyl ether. The phenols may be present in any suitable amount.In some embodiments, the phenols may be present in an amount of about 0.3 to about 145 mg / L (e.g., about 0.3 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 50 mg / L, about 50 to about 100 mg / L, about 50 to about 145 mg / L, or about 100 to about 145 mg / L). In some embodiments, the phenols may be present in an amount of at least about 4.6 mg / L (e.g., at least about 5 mg / L, 10 mg / L, 20 mg / L, 30 mg / L, 40 mg / L, 50 mg / L, 60 mg / L, 70 mg / L, 80 mg / L, 90 mg / L, 100 mg / L, 110 mg / L, 120 mg / L, 130 mg / L, or 140 mg / L). The phenols can comprise any suitable percentage of the total VOC content. Any suitable number of phenols can be used, for example, 1-6, 1-5, 1-3, 3-6, 3-5, at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, or at least 6 phenols can be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica can be free of phenols.

[0039] Furans can provide important flavors and / or aromas for the general characteristics of coffee. Non-limiting examples of furans that can be used in the coffee replicas provided herein include 1-(2-furanyl)-ethanone, 2-(2-furanylmethyl)-5-methyl-furan, 2-(2-propenyl)-furan, 2-(methoxymethyl)-furan, 2,2'-methylenebis-furan, 2,5-dimethyl-furan, 2-[(methylthio)methyl]-furan, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-ethylfuran, 2-furfuryl acetate, 2-methyl-furan, 2-pentylfuran, 2-vinylfuran, 3-furanmethanol, 3-methyl-furan, 5-methylfurfural, difurfuryl ether, furan, furaneol, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, furfuryl propionate, and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include one or more (e.g., at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10) furans selected from the group consisting of 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-ethylfuran, 2-furfuryl acetate, 2-pentylfuran, 5-methylfurfural, difurfuryl ether, furaneol, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, and furfuryl propionate. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include one or more (e.g., at least 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6) furans selected from the group consisting of 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 5-methylfurfural, difurfuryl ether, furaneol, furfural, and furfuryl alcohol. The furans may be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, furans can be present in an amount of about 4 to about 18 mg / L (e.g., about 4 to about 10 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 15 mg / L, about 5 to about 15 mg / L, or about 10 to about 18 mg / L). The furans can comprise any suitable percentage of the total VOC content.Any suitable number of furans may be used, for example, 1-12, 1-10, 1-5, 1-3, 3-12, 3-10, 3-5, 5-12, 5-10, 10-12, at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, at least 8, at least 9, or at least 10 furans. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of furans.

[0040] Thiophenes can provide important flavors and / or aromas for the general characteristics of coffee. A non-limiting example of thiophenes that can be used in the coffee replica provided herein is thiophene. Thiophenes can be present in any suitable amount. Thiophenes can account for any suitable percentage of the total VOC content. Any suitable number of thiophenes can be used, for example, at least one thiophene can be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica can be free of thiophenes.

[0041] Pyrroles can provide important flavors and / or aromas for the general characteristics of coffee. Non-limiting examples of pyrroles that can be used in the coffee replicas provided herein include 1-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)-ethanone, 1-(2-furanylmethyl)-1H-pyrrole, 1-ethyl-1H-pyrrole, 1-methyl-1H-pyrrole, 1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde, 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-acetylpyrrole, indole, pyrrole, and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the coffee replica can include one or more pyrroles (e.g., two or three) selected from the group consisting of 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-acetylpyrrole, and pyrrole. In some embodiments, the coffee replica can include pyrrole. The pyrroles can be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, pyrroles may be present in an amount of about 0.0001 to about 3 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0001 to about 0.0005 mg / L, about 0.0005 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.05 mg / L, about 0.05 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 2 mg / L, about 2 to about 3 mg / L, or about 1 to about 3 mg / L). Pyrroles may account for any suitable proportion of the total VOC content. Any suitable number of pyrroles may be used, for example, 1 to 6 types, 1 to 5 types, 1 to 3 types, 3 to 6 types, 3 to 5 types, at least 1 type, at least 2 types, at least 3 types, at least 4 types, or at least 5 types of pyrroles may be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of pyrroles.

[0042] Oxazoles can provide important flavors and / or aromas for the general characteristics of coffee. Oxazoles can be present in any suitable amount. Oxazoles can account for any suitable percentage of the total VOC content. Any suitable number of oxazoles can be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica can be free of oxazoles.

[0043] The thiazoles can provide important flavors and / or aromas for the general characteristics of coffee. The thiazoles can be present in any suitable amount. The thiazoles can account for any suitable percentage of the total VOC content. Any suitable number of thiazoles can be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica can be free of thiazoles.

[0044] Pyridines can provide important flavors and / or aromas for the general characteristics of coffee. Non-limiting examples of pyridines that can be used in the coffee replica provided herein include 1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, 1-methyl-piperidine, 2-acetylpyridine, 2-methyl-pyridine, 3-ethylpyridine, 3-ethyl-pyridine, 3-methyl-pyridine, 3-propyl-pyridine, 3-pyridinol, methyl nicotinate, and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the coffee replica can include at least one pyridine (e.g., two or three) selected from the group consisting of 2-acetylpyridine, 3-ethylpyridine, and methyl nicotinate. In some embodiments, the coffee replica can be free of 1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. The pyridines can be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, the pyridines may be present in an amount of about 0.08 to about 0.2 mg / L (e.g., about 0.08 to about 0.1 mg / L or about 0.1 to about 0.2 mg / L). The pyridines may comprise any suitable percentage of the total VOC content. Any suitable number of pyridines may be used, for example, 1 to 8, 1 to 5, 1 to 3, 3 to 8, 3 to 5, 5 to 8, at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, or at least 6 pyridines. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of pyridines.

[0045] Pyrazines can provide important flavors and / or aromas for the general character of coffee. Non-limiting examples of pyrazines that can be used in the coffee replicas provided herein include 2-(n-propyl)-pyrazine, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine, 2,6-diethyl-pyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethyl-pyrazine, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-3-methyl-pyrazine, 2-ethyl-6-methyl-pyrazine, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methylpyrazine, 3,5-diethyl-2-methyl-pyrazine, 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine, ethyl-pyrazine, isopropenylpyrazine, methyl-pyrazine, pyrazine, and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include one or more (e.g., at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, or 11) pyrazines selected from the group consisting of 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methylpyrazine, and isopropenylpyrazine. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include one or more pyrazines (e.g., at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9) selected from the group consisting of 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methylpyrazine, and isopropenylpyrazine. The pyrazines may be present in any suitable amount. The pyrazines may account for any suitable percentage of the total VOC content.In some embodiments, pyrazines may be present in an amount of about 2 to about 22 mg / L (e.g., about 2 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 20 mg / L, about 10 to about 22 mg / L, about 10 to about 15 mg / L, about 15 to about 20 mg / L, or about 15 to about 22 mg / L). Any suitable number of pyrazines may be used, for example, 1 to 12 types, 1 to 10 types, 1 to 5 types, 1 to 3 types, 3 to 12 types, 3 to 10 types, 3 to 5 types, 5 to 12 types, 5 to 10 types, 10 to 12 types, at least 1 type, at least 2 types, at least 3 types, at least 4 types, at least 5 types, at least 6 types, at least 7 types, at least 8 types, at least 9 types, or at least 10 types of pyrazines may be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replicas described herein may have a higher amount (e.g., mg / L in a coffee replica beverage) of pyrazines than the corresponding traditional coffee product (e.g., at least 1.5 times, at least 2 times, at least 2.5 times, at least 3 times, at least 4 times, at least 5 times, at least 8 times, at least 10 times, at least 15 times, or at least 20 times). In some embodiments, the coffee replicas may be free of pyrazines.

[0046] Amines can provide important flavors and / or aromas for the general characteristics of coffee. Non-limiting examples of amines that can be used in the coffee replicas provided herein include 2-amino-1-naphthalenol, 2-methoxy-benzenamine, 5-amino-1-naphthol, N,N-dimethyl-ethanamine, and N,N-dimethyl-methylamine, and mixtures thereof. The amines can be present in any suitable amount. The amines can account for any suitable percentage of the total VOC content. Any suitable number of amines can be used, for example, 1-2, at least 1, or at least 2 amines can be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica can be free of amines.

[0047] Sulfur compounds (e.g., alkyl sulfides) can provide important flavors and / or aromas for the general characteristics of coffee. Non-limiting examples of sulfur compounds that can be used in the provided coffee replicas are diethyl disulfide, dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl trisulfide, methanethiol, and methional, and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the coffee replicas can include one or more (e.g., at least 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6) sulfur compounds selected from the group consisting of diethyl disulfide, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl trisulfide, methanethiol, and methional. In some embodiments, the coffee replicas can include one or both of dimethyl trisulfide and methanethiol. The sulfur compounds can be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, the sulfur compounds may be present in an amount of about 0.0000007 to about 0.03 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0000007 to about 0.000001 mg / L, about 0.000001 to about 0.000005 mg / L, about 0.000005 to about 0.00001 mg / L, about 0.00001 to about 0.00005 mg / L, about 0.00005 to about 0.0001 mg / L, about 0.0001 to about 0.0005 mg / L, about 0.0005 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.005 mg / L, about 0.005 to about 0.01 mg / L, or about 0.01 to about 0.03 mg / L). The sulfur compounds may account for any suitable percentage of the total VOC content. Any suitable number of sulfur compounds may be used, for example, at least one sulfur compound may be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may not include a sulfur compound.

[0048] Sugars and sugar alcohols can provide important flavors and / or aromas for the general characteristics of coffee. Non-limiting examples of sugars or sugar alcohols that can be used in the provided coffee replicas are ethyl maltol, maltol, and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the coffee replicas can include one or both of ethyl maltol and maltol. The sugars or sugar alcohols can be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, the sugars or sugar alcohols can be present in an amount of about 85 to about 170 mg / L (e.g., about 85 to about 100 mg / L, about 100 to about 150 mg / L, or about 100 to about 170 mg / L). The sugars or sugar alcohols can account for any suitable percentage of the total VOC content. Any suitable number of sugars or sugar alcohols can be used, for example, at least one sugar or sugar alcohol can be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replicas can be free of sugars or sugar alcohols.

[0049] Other VOCs that do not belong to the above classes can provide important flavors and / or aromas for the general characteristics of coffee. A non-limiting example of other VOCs that can be used in the coffee replica provided herein is 2,7-dimethyl-oxepin. Other VOCs can be present in any suitable amount. Other VOCs can account for any suitable percentage of the total VOC content. Any suitable number of other VOCs can be used, for example, at least one other VOC can be used.

[0050] In some cases, the total amount of VOCs in the coffee replica (eg, mg per liter of coffee replica beverage) is greater than the total amount of VOCs in the reference coffee.

[0051] Additionally, the amount of a particular VOC in a coffee replica may differ from the amount of a particular VOC in a corresponding reference coffee. In some cases, the amount of a VOC in a coffee replica may be 75% or less (e.g., 70% or less, 60% or less, 50% or less, 40% or less, 30% or less, 20% or less, or 10% or less) in concentration or weight percent of the amount of the same VOC in the corresponding reference coffee. In some cases, the amount of a VOC in a coffee replica may be 125% or more (e.g., 150% or more, 200% or more, or 300% or more) in concentration or weight percent of the amount of the same VOC in the corresponding reference coffee.

[0052] In some embodiments, the VOCs may be placed into various groups and the coffee replica may contain certain VOCs according to the group.

[0053] In certain cases, for example, "Group A" may include 1-heptanol, 1-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)-ethanone, 1-(2-furanyl)-ethanone, 1-(2-furanylmethyl)-1H-pyrrole, 1-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-ethanone, 1-ethyl-1H-pyrrole, 1-hydroxy-2-propanone, 1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, 1-methyl-1H-pyrrole, 1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde, 1-methyl-piperidine, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2- (2-furanylmethyl)-5-methyl-furan, 2-(2-propenyl)-furan, 2-(methoxymethyl)-furan, 2-(n-propyl)-pyrazine, 2,2'-methylenebis-furan, 2,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentadione, 2,5-dimethyl-furan, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2,6-diethyl- Pyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2,7-dimethyl-oxepin, 2-[(methylthio)methyl]-furan, 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-acetylpyridine, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2-amino-1-naphthalenol, 2-butanone, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-ethyl-3-methyl-pyrazine, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-ethyl-6-methyl-pyrazine, 2-ethylfuran, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-furan 2-furanmethanol acetate, 2-furanmethanol propanoate, 2-furfuryl acetate, 2-heptanol, 2-heptanone, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methoxy-benzenamine, 2-methoxy-phenol, 2-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2-methyl-butanal, 2-methylbutyl isovalerate, 2-methylbutyraldehyde,2-Methylbutyric acid, 2-methyl-furan, 2-methyl-phenol, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-methyl-pyridine, 2-nonanol, 2-nonanone, 2-octanol, 2-octanone, 2-pentanol, 2-pentylfuran, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, 2-phenylethanol, 2-phenylpropionaldehyde, 2-tridecanone, 2-undecanone, 2-vinylfuran, 3,5-diethyl-2-methyl-pyrazine, 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine, 3-ethyl-2-hydroxy-2-cyclopentene-1- 3-Ethylpyridine, 3-Ethyl-pyridine, 3-Furaldehyde, 3-Furanmethanol, 3-Hexanone, 3-Methyl-butanal, 3-Methylbutyric acid, 3-Methyl-furan, 3-Methyl-pyridine, 3-Octanol, 3-Octanone, 3-Propyl-pyridine, 3-Pyridinol, 4,5-Dimethyl-3-hydroxy-2,5-dihydro-furan-2-one, 4-Carbomenthenol, 4-Ethylguaiacol, 4-Ethylphenol, 4-Ethyl-2-methoxy-phenol, 4-Ethylguaiacol, 4-Hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furan Ranone, 4-hydroxy-butanoic acid, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, 4'-methylacetophenone, 4-vinylphenol, 5-amino-1-naphthol, 5-methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde, 5-methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal, 5-methylfurfural, acetic acid, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl ester of acetate, methyl ester of acetate, acetoin acetate, acetone, α-methyl-α-[4-methyl-3-pentenyl]oxirane methanol, amyl acetate, amyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, Benzyl alcohol, benzyl isovalerate, β-damascenone, β-ionone, β-myrcene, butyl acetate, butyl alcohol, butyric acid, coffee furanone, damascenone, decanal, δ-decalactone, δ-octalactone, diethyl disulfide, diethyl succinate, difurfuryl ether, dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl trisulfide, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl 3-phenylpropionate, ethyl acetate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butanoate,Ethyl butyrate, Ethyl cinnamate, Ethyl decanoate, Ethyl heptanoate, Ethyl hexanoate, Ethyl isobutyrate, Ethyl isovalerate, Ethyl lactate, Ethyl laurate, Ethyl maltol, Ethyl myristate, Ethyl octanoate, Ethyl oleate, Ethyl phenylacetate, Ethyl salicylate, Ethyl tiglate, Ethyl valerate, Ethyl pyrazine, Eugenol, Furan, Furaneol, Furfural, Furfuryl alcohol, Furfuryl formate, Furfuryl propionate Furil, gamma decalactone, gamma-decalactone, gamma-nonalactone, gamma-valerolactone, geraniol, geranyl acetate, guaiacol, hexanal, hexanol, hexyl acetate, indole, isoamyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, isoamyl benzoate, isoamyl butyrate, isoamyl isobutyrate, isobutyl acetate, isobutyl alcohol, isobutyraldehyde, isobutyric acid, isoeugenol, isopropenylpyrazine, isovaleraldehyde, isovaleric acid, Limonene, Linalool, Maltol, Massoialactone, Methanethiol, Methional, Methyl 2-Methylbutyrate, Methyl Anthranilate, Methyl Benzoate, Methyl Cinnamate, Methyl Hexanoate, Methyl Nicotinate, Methyl Phenylacetate, Methyl Salicylate, Methyl-pyrazine, Myrcene, N,N-Dimethyl-ethanamine, N,N-Dimethyl-methylamine, Nonanal, Octanal, p-Anisaldehyde, p-Cresol, Phenethyl Acetate, These may include phenol, phenylacetaldehyde, propanol, propionaldehyde, propionic acid, propyl propionate, pyrazine, pyridine, pyrrole, sotolon, styrene, syringol, thiophene, toluene, trans,trans-2,4-decadienal, trans-2-nonenal, valeraldehyde, valeric acid, vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal, and vanillyl ethyl ether. Thus, in some embodiments, the coffee replica may include at least 20 (e.g., at least 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, or 50) compounds from group A.

[0054] In some cases, "Group B" includes 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentanedione, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-acetylpyridine, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-1-hexylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-2-hexyl ... Sanol, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-ethylfuran, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-furfuryl acetate, 2-heptanol, 2-heptanone, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methylbutyl isovalerate, 2-methylbutyraldehyde, 2-methylbutyric acid, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-nonanol, 2-nonanone, 2-o 2-octanone, 2-pentanol, 2-pentylfuran, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, 2-phenylethanol, 2-phenylpropionaldehyde, 2-tridecanone, 2-undecanone, 3-ethylpyridine, 3-hexanone, 3-methylbutyric acid, 3-octanol, 3-octanone, 4-carbomerenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, 4'-methylacetophenone, 4-vinylphenone , 5-methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal, 5-methylfurfural, acetoin acetate, amyl acetate, amyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, benzyl isovalerate, β-damascenone, β-ionone, butyl acetate, butyl alcohol, butyric acid, coffee furanone, damascenone, decanal, δ-decalactone, δ-octalactone, diethyl disulfide, diethyl succinate, difurfuryl ether, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl trisulfide, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate,Ethyl 3-phenylpropionate, ethyl acetate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl cinnamate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl heptanoate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl isobutyrate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl lactate, ethyl laurate, ethyl maltol, ethyl myristate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl oleate, ethyl phenylacetate, ethyl salicylate, ethyl tiglate, ethyl valerate, eugenol, furaneol, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, furfuryl propionate, gamma decalactone, gamma-decalactone, gamma-nonalactone, gamma-valerolactone, geraniol, geranyl acetate, guaiacol, hexanal, hexanol, hexyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, isoamyl benzoate, isoamyl butyrate, isoamyl isobutyrate, isobutyl acetate, isobutyl alcohol, isobutyraldehyde, These may include isobutyric acid, isoeugenol, isopropenylpyrazine, isovaleraldehyde, isovaleric acid, limonene, linalool, maltol, massoialactone, methanethiol, methional, methyl 2-methylbutyrate, methyl anthranilate, methyl benzoate, methyl cinnamate, methyl hexanoate, methyl nicotinate, methyl phenylacetate, methyl salicylate, myrcene, nonanal, octanal, p-anisaldehyde, p-cresol, phenethyl acetate, phenylacetaldehyde, propanol, propionaldehyde, propionic acid, propyl propionate, pyrrole, sotolon, syringol, trans,trans-2,4-decadienal, trans-2-nonenal, valeraldehyde, valeric acid, vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal, and vanillyl ethyl ether. Thus, in some embodiments, the coffee replica may contain at least 20 (e.g., at least 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, or 50) compounds from Group B.

[0055] In some cases, "Group C" includes 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentadione, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-pentanol, 3-methylbutyric acid, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, 5-methylfurfural, acetoin acetate, amyl alcohol, β-damascenone, β-ionone, These may include butyric acid, coffee furanone, delta-decalactone, delta-octalactone, diethyl succinate, difurfuryl ether, dimethyl trisulfide, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl laurate, ethyl maltol, eugenol, furaneol, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, gamma decalactone, gamma nonalactone, geranyl acetate, guaiacol, isoamyl alcohol, isobutyraldehyde, isoeugenol, isopropenylpyrazine, isovaleraldehyde, isovaleric acid, maltol, massoialactone, methanethiol, methyl anthranilate, p-anisaldehyde, pyrrole, sotolon, syringol, valeraldehyde, vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetals, and vanillyl ethyl ether. Thus, in some embodiments, the coffee replica may include at least 20 (e.g., at least 25, 30, 35, or 40) compounds from Group C. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include Group C compounds.

[0056] The coffee replica can include any suitable number of VOCs. For example, the coffee replica can include 1-100 species (e.g., at least 5, at least 10, at least 20, at least 30, at least 40, at least 50, 1-90, 1-80, 1-70, 1-60, 1-50, 1-40, 1-30, 1-20, 1-10, 1-5, 5-100, 5-90, 5-80, 5-70, 5-60, 5-40, 5-30, 5-20, 5-10, 10-100, 10-90, 10-90, 10-70, 10-60, The number of VOCs in the coffee replica may be less than the number of VOCs in a single reference coffee.

[0057] In some cases, the entire population of VOCs in a coffee may have less than 95% identity to the VOCs in a corresponding reference coffee (e.g., a single region, a single variety of plant, cultivar, species (e.g., C. arabica or C. robusta), batch condition (e.g., roast degree and / or roast condition), or packaging unit (e.g., bag)). For example, the VOCs in a coffee replica may have less than 95%, less than 90%, less than 85%, less than 80%, less than 70%, less than 60%, less than 50%, or less than 40% identity to the VOCs in the corresponding reference coffee. Some coffee replicas may contain at least 10 VOCs (e.g., at least 15, at least 20, at least 25, at least 30, at least 35, at least 40, at least 45, or at least 50) not found in a single reference coffee. Additionally, some coffee replicas may contain no more than 55 VOCs (e.g., no more than 54, 53, 52, 51, 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, 20, 15, or 10) present in a single reference coffee. For example, in some embodiments, a coffee replica can have at least n VOCs, where less than n (e.g., n-1, n-2, n-3, n-4, n-5, n-6, n-7, n-8, n-9, n-10, n-15, n-20, etc., as applicable) of the VOCs found in a single reference coffee; in some embodiments, n can be equal to 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 50, or 55.

[0058] In some embodiments, the amount of a particular VOC in the coffee replica can be within 30% above or below the amount disclosed for that VOC, based on concentration or composition percentage. For example, a VOC can be present in the coffee replica in an amount of 70-90%, 80-100%, 90-110%, 100-120%, 110-130%, 70-100%, 80-110%, 90-120%, or 100-130% of the amount for that VOC disclosed herein.

[0059] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 1-heptanol. In some embodiments, 1-heptanol may be present in an amount of about 0.0004 mg / L to about 0.0009 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0004 to about 0.0005 mg / L, about 0.0005 to about 0.0006 mg / L, about 0.0006 to about 0.0007 mg / L, about 0.0007 to about 0.0008 mg / L, or about 0.0008 to about 0.0009 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 1-heptanol.

[0060] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 1-octanol. In some embodiments, 1-octanol may be present in an amount of about 0.0003 mg / L to about 0.0006 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0003 to about 0.0004 mg / L, about 0.0004 to about 0.0005 mg / L, or about 0.0005 to about 0.0006 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 1-octanol.

[0061] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 1-octen-3-ol. In some embodiments, 1-octen-3-ol may be present in an amount of about 0.001 mg / L to about 0.004 mg / L (e.g., about 0.001 to about 0.002 mg / L, about 0.002 to about 0.003 mg / L, or about 0.003 to about 0.004 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 1-octen-3-ol.

[0062] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine. In some embodiments, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine may be present in an amount of about 0.001 mg / L to about 0.02 mg / L (e.g., about 0.001 to about 0.005 mg / L, about 0.005 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.0125 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.02 mg / L, about 0.0125 to about 0.015 mg / L, about 0.015 to about 0.0175 mg / L, or about 0.0175 to about 0.02 mg / L). In some embodiments, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine may be present in an amount of less than about 0.0065 mg / L (e.g., less than about 0.006 mg / L, 0.005 mg / L, 0.004 mg / L, 0.003 mg / L, or 0.002 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine.

[0063] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2,3-diethylpyrazine. In some embodiments, 2,3-diethylpyrazine may be present in an amount of about 0.001 mg / L to about 0.002 mg / L (e.g., about 0.001 to about 0.0012 mg / L, about 0.0012 to about 0.0014 mg / L, about 0.0014 to about 0.0016 mg / L, about 0.0016 to about 0.0018 mg / L, or about 0.0018 to about 0.002 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2,3-diethylpyrazine.

[0064] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2,3-pentadione. In some embodiments, 2,3-pentadione may be present in an amount of about 0.7 mg / L to about 1.7 mg / L (e.g., about 0.7 to about 0.9 mg / L, about 0.9 to about 1.1 mg / L, about 1.1 to about 1.3 mg / L, about 1.3 to about 1.5 mg / L, or about 1.5 to about 1.7 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2,3-pentadione.

[0065] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2,5-dimethylphenol. In some embodiments, 2,5-dimethylphenol may be present in an amount of about 0.001 mg / L to about 0.01 mg / L (e.g., about 0.001 to about 0.0025 mg / L, about 0.0025 to about 0.005 mg / L, about 0.005 to about 0.0075 mg / L, or about 0.0075 to about 0.01 mg / L). In some embodiments, 2,5-dimethylphenol may be present in an amount of at least about 0.004 mg / L (e.g., at least about 0.005 mg / L, 0.006 mg / L, 0.007 mg / L, 0.008 mg / L, or 0.009 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2,5-dimethylphenol.

[0066] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2,5-dimethylpyrazine. In some embodiments, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine may be present in an amount of about 4.5 mg / L to about 9 mg / L (e.g., about 4.5 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 6 mg / L, about 6 to about 7 mg / L, about 7 to about 8 mg / L, or about 8 to about 9 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2,5-dimethylpyrazine.

[0067] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2,6-dimethylpyrazine. In some embodiments, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine may be present in an amount of about 1.5 mg / L to about 4.2 mg / L (e.g., about 1.5 to about 2 mg / L, about 2 to about 2.5 mg / L, about 2.5 to about 3 mg / L, about 3 to about 3.5 mg / L, about 3.5 to about 4 mg / L, or about 4 to about 4.2 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2,6-dimethylpyrazine.

[0068] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole. In some embodiments, 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole may be present in an amount of about 0.7 mg / L to about 1.4 mg / L (e.g., about 0.7 to about 0.8 mg / L, about 0.8 to about 0.9 mg / L, about 0.9 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 1.1 mg / L, about 1.1 to about 1.2 mg / L, about 1.2 to about 1.3 mg / L, or about 1.3 to about 1.4 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole.

[0069] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran. In some embodiments, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran may be present in an amount of about 0.1 mg / L to about 2.8 mg / L (e.g., about 0.1 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 1.5 mg / L, about 1.5 to about 2 mg / L, about 2 to about 2.5 mg / L, or about 2.5 to about 2.8 mg / L). In some embodiments, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran may be present in an amount of at least about 0.5 mg / L (e.g., at least about 0.5 mg / L, 0.6 mg / L, 0.7 mg / L, 0.8 mg / L, 0.9 mg / L, 1.0 mg / L, 1.2 mg / L, 1.4 mg / L, 1.6 mg / L, 1.8 mg / L, 2.0 mg / L, 2.2 mg / L, 2.4 mg / L, or 2.6 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran.

[0070] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-acetylpyridine. In some embodiments, 2-acetylpyridine may be present in an amount of about 0.05 mg / L to about 0.1 mg / L (e.g., about 0.05 to about 0.06 mg / L, about 0.06 to about 0.07 mg / L, about 0.07 to about 0.08 mg / L, about 0.08 to about 0.09 mg / L, or about 0.09 to about 0.1 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-acetylpyridine.

[0071] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-acetylpyrrole. In some embodiments, 2-acetylpyrrole may be present in an amount of about 0.9 mg / L to about 1.7 mg / L (e.g., about 0.9 to about 1.1 mg / L, about 1.1 to about 1.3 mg / L, about 1.3 to about 1.5 mg / L, or about 1.5 to about 1.7 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-acetylpyrrole.

[0072] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-ethyl-1-hexanol. In some embodiments, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol may be present in an amount of about 0.001 mg / L to about 0.003 mg / L (e.g., about 0.001 to about 0.0015 mg / L, about 0.0015 to about 0.002 mg / L, about 0.002 to about 0.0025 mg / L, or about 0.0025 to about 0.003 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol.

[0073] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-ethylfuran. In some embodiments, 2-ethylfuran may be present in an amount of about 0.007 mg / L to about 0.015 mg / L (e.g., about 0.007 to about 0.0085 mg / L, about 0.0085 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.0125 mg / L, or about 0.0125 to about 0.015 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-ethylfuran.

[0074] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-ethylpyrazine. In some embodiments, 2-ethylpyrazine may be present in an amount of about 0.04 mg / L to about 1.2 mg / L (e.g., about 0.04 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.05 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 mg / L to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 1.0 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 1.2 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.2 mg / L, about 0.2 to about 0.4 mg / L, about 0.4 to about 0.6 mg / L, about 0.6 to about 0.8 mg / L, about 0.8 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 1.1 mg / L, or about 1.1 to about 1.2 mg / L). In some embodiments, 2-ethylpyrazine may be present in an amount of less than about 0.44 mg / L (e.g., less than about 0.4 mg / L, 0.3 mg / L, 0.2 mg / L, 0.1 mg / L, 0.09 mg / L, 0.08 mg / L, 0.07 mg / L, 0.06 mg / L, or 0.05 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-ethylpyrazine.

[0075] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-furfuryl acetate. In some embodiments, 2-furfuryl acetate may be present in an amount of about 0.6 mg / L to about 1.3 mg / L (e.g., about 0.6 to about 0.7 mg / L, about 0.7 to about 0.8 mg / L, about 0.8 to about 0.9 mg / L, about 0.9 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 1.1 mg / L, about 1.1 to about 1.2 mg / L, or about 1.2 to about 1.3 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-furfuryl acetate.

[0076] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-heptanol. In some embodiments, 2-heptanol may be present in an amount of about 0.008 mg / L to about 0.02 mg / L (e.g., about 0.008 to about 0.009 mg / L, about 0.009 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.02 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.0125 mg / L, about 0.0125 to about 0.015 mg / L, about 0.015 to about 0.0175 mg / L, or about 0.0175 to about 0.02 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-heptanol.

[0077] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-heptanone. In some embodiments, 2-heptanone may be present in an amount of about 0.002 mg / L to about 0.004 mg / L (e.g., about 0.002 to about 0.0025 mg / L, about 0.0025 to about 0.003 mg / L, about 0.003 to about 0.0035 mg / L, or about 0.0035 to about 0.004 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-heptanone.

[0078] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine. In some embodiments, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine may be present in an amount of about 0.0001 mg / L to about 0.0013 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0001 to about 0.0003 mg / L, about 0.0003 to about 0.0005 mg / L, about 0.0005 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.0005 to about 0.0007 mg / L, about 0.0007 to about 0.0009 mg / L, about 0.0009 to about 0.0011 mg / L, or about 0.0011 to about 0.0013 mg / L). In some embodiments, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine may be present in an amount of less than about 0.0005 mg / L (e.g., less than about 0.0004 mg / L, 0.0003 mg / L, or 0.0002 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine.

[0079] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol. In some embodiments, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol may be present in an amount of about 0.00004 mg / L to about 0.0005 mg / L (e.g., about 0.00004 to about 0.00007 mg / L, about 0.00007 to about 0.0001 mg / L, about 0.0001 to about 0.0002 mg / L, about 0.0002 to about 0.0003 mg / L, about 0.0003 to about 0.0004 mg / L, or about 0.0004 to about 0.0005 mg / L). In some embodiments, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol may be present in an amount of at least about 0.00012 mg / L, (e.g., about 0.00015 mg / L, 0.0002 mg / L, 0.0003 mg / L, or 0.0004 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol.

[0080] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol. In some embodiments, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol may be present in an amount of about 0.0007 mg / L to about 0.6 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0007 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.005 mg / L, about 0.005 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.05 mg / L, about 0.05 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.3 mg / L, or about 0.3 to about 0.6 mg / L). In some embodiments, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol may be present in an amount of less than about 0.22 mg / L (e.g., less than about 0.2 mg / L, 0.1 mg / L, 0.09 mg / L, 0.07 mg / L, 0.05 mg / L, 0.03 mg / L, 0.01 mg / L, 0.009 mg / L, 0.007 mg / L, 0.005 mg / L, 0.003 mg / L, 0.001 mg / L, or 0.0009 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol.

[0081] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-methylbutyl isovalerate. In some embodiments, 2-methylbutyl isovalerate may be present in an amount of about 0.001 mg / L to about 0.003 mg / L (e.g., about 0.001 to about 0.0015 mg / L, about 0.0015 to about 0.002 mg / L, about 0.002 to about 0.0025 mg / L, or about 0.0025 to about 0.003 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-methylbutyl isovalerate.

[0082] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-methylbutyraldehyde. In some embodiments, 2-methylbutyraldehyde may be present in an amount of about 1.2 mg / L to about 2.4 mg / L (e.g., about 1.2 to about 1.4 mg / L, about 1.4 to about 1.6 mg / L, about 1.6 to about 1.8 mg / L, about 1.8 to about 2 mg / L, about 2 to about 2.2 mg / L, or about 2.2 to about 2.4 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-methylbutyraldehyde.

[0083] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-methylbutyric acid. In some embodiments, the 2-methylbutyric acid may be present in an amount of about 0.1 mg / L to about 0.2 mg / L (e.g., about 0.1 to about 0.12 mg / L, about 0.12 to about 0.14 mg / L, about 0.14 to about 0.16 mg / L, about 0.16 to about 0.18 mg / L, or about 0.18 to about 0.2 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-methylbutyric acid.

[0084] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-methylpyrazine. In some embodiments, 2-methylpyrazine may be present in an amount of about 0.006 mg / L to about 13.5 mg / L (e.g., about 0.006 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.05 mg / L, about 0.05 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 2 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 13.5 mg / L, or about 5 to about 13.5 mg / L). In some embodiments, 2-methylpyrazine may be present in an amount of less than about 5.1 mg / L (e.g., less than about 5 mg / L, 4 mg / L, 3 mg / L, 2 mg / L, 1 mg / L, 0.9 mg / L, 0.7 mg / L, 0.5 mg / L, 0.3 mg / L, 0.1 mg / L, 0.09 mg / L, 0.07 mg / L, 0.05 mg / L, 0.03 mg / L, 0.01 mg / L, 0.009 mg / L, or 0.007 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-methylpyrazine.

[0085] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-nonanol. In some embodiments, 2-nonanol may be present in an amount of about 0.0003 mg / L to about 0.0007 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0003 to about 0.0004 mg / L, about 0.0004 to about 0.0005 mg / L, about 0.0005 to about 0.0006 mg / L, or about 0.0006 to about 0.0007 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-nonanol.

[0086] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-nonanone. In some embodiments, 2-nonanone may be present in an amount of about 0.0003 mg / L to about 0.0007 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0003 to about 0.0004 mg / L, about 0.0004 to about 0.0005 mg / L, about 0.0005 to about 0.0006 mg / L, or about 0.0006 to about 0.0007 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-nonanone.

[0087] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-octanone. In some embodiments, 2-octanone may be present in an amount of about 0.0005 mg / L to about 0.001 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0005 to about 0.0006 mg / L, about 0.0006 to about 0.0007 mg / L, about 0.0007 to about 0.0008 mg / L, about 0.0008 to about 0.0009 mg / L, or about 0.0009 to about 0.001 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-octanone.

[0088] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-pentanol. In some embodiments, 2-pentanol may be present in an amount of about 0.005 mg / L to about 0.01 mg / L (e.g., about 0.005 to about 0.006 mg / L, about 0.006 to about 0.007 mg / L, about 0.007 to about 0.008 mg / L, about 0.008 to about 0.009 mg / L, or about 0.009 to about 0.01 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-pentanol.

[0089] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-pentylfuran. In some embodiments, 2-pentylfuran may be present in an amount of about 0.001 mg / L to about 0.003 mg / L (e.g., about 0.001 to about 0.0015 mg / L, about 0.0015 to about 0.002 mg / L, about 0.002 to about 0.0025 mg / L, or about 0.0025 to about 0.003 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-pentylfuran.

[0090] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-phenyl-2-butenal. In some embodiments, 2-phenyl-2-butenal may be present in an amount of about 0.01 mg / L to about 0.03 mg / L (e.g., about 0.01 to about 0.015 mg / L, about 0.015 to about 0.02 mg / L, about 0.02 to about 0.025 mg / L, or about 0.025 to about 0.03 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-phenyl-2-butenal.

[0091] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-phenylethanol. In some embodiments, 2-phenylethanol may be present in an amount of about 0.09 mg / L to about 0.2 mg / L (e.g., about 0.09 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.12 mg / L, about 0.12 to about 0.14 mg / L, about 0.14 to about 0.16 mg / L, about 0.16 to about 0.18 mg / L, or about 0.18 to about 0.2 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-phenylethanol.

[0092] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-undecanone. In some embodiments, 2-undecanone may be present in an amount of about 0.0002 mg / L to about 0.0005 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0002 to about 0.00025 mg / L, about 0.00025 to about 0.0003 mg / L, about 0.0003 to about 0.00035 mg / L, about 0.00035 to about 0.0004 mg / L, about 0.0004 to about 0.00045 mg / L, or about 0.00045 to about 0.0005 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-undecanone.

[0093] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 3-ethylpyridine. In some embodiments, 3-ethylpyridine may be present in an amount of about 0.01 mg / L to about 0.03 mg / L (e.g., about 0.01 to about 0.015 mg / L, about 0.015 to about 0.02 mg / L, about 0.02 to about 0.025 mg / L, or about 0.025 to about 0.03 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 3-ethylpyridine.

[0094] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 3-hexanone. In some embodiments, 3-hexanone may be present in an amount of about 0.02 mg / L to about 0.04 mg / L (e.g., about 0.02 to about 0.025 mg / L, about 0.025 to about 0.03 mg / L, about 0.03 to about 0.035 mg / L, or about 0.035 to about 0.04 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 3-hexanone.

[0095] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 3-octanol. In some embodiments, 3-octanol may be present in an amount of about 0.0004 mg / L to about 0.0008 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0004 to about 0.0005 mg / L, about 0.0005 to about 0.0006 mg / L, about 0.0006 to about 0.0007 mg / L, or about 0.0007 to about 0.0008 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 3-octanol.

[0096] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 4-carbomothenol. In some embodiments, 4-carbomothenol may be present in an amount of about 0.0003 mg / L to about 0.0007 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0003 to about 0.0004 mg / L, about 0.0004 to about 0.0005 mg / L, about 0.0005 to about 0.0006 mg / L, or about 0.0006 to about 0.0007 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 4-carbomothenol.

[0097] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 4-ethylguaiacol. In some embodiments, 4-ethylguaiacol may be present in an amount of about 0.02 mg / L to about 0.04 mg / L (e.g., about 0.02 to about 0.025 mg / L, about 0.025 to about 0.03 mg / L, about 0.03 to about 0.035 mg / L, or about 0.035 to about 0.04 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 4-ethylguaiacol.

[0098] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 4-ethylphenol. In some embodiments, 4-ethylphenol may be present in an amount of about 0.01 mg / L to about 0.03 mg / L (e.g., about 0.01 to about 0.015 mg / L, about 0.015 to about 0.02 mg / L, about 0.02 to about 0.025 mg / L, or about 0.025 to about 0.03 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 4-ethylphenol.

[0099] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal. In some embodiments, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal may be present in an amount of about 0.0002 mg / L to about 0.0005 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0002 to about 0.00025 mg / L, about 0.00025 to about 0.0003 mg / L, about 0.0003 to about 0.00035 mg / L, about 0.00035 to about 0.0004 mg / L, about 0.0004 to about 0.00045 mg / L, or about 0.00045 to about 0.0005 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal.

[0100] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 4'-methylacetophenone. In some embodiments, 4'-methylacetophenone may be present in an amount of about 0.005 mg / L to about 0.01 mg / L (e.g., about 0.005 to about 0.006 mg / L, about 0.006 to about 0.007 mg / L, about 0.007 to about 0.008 mg / L, about 0.008 to about 0.009 mg / L, or about 0.009 to about 0.01 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 4'-methylacetophenone.

[0101] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 4-vinylphenol. In some embodiments, 4-vinylphenol may be present in an amount of about 0.1 mg / L to about 0.2 mg / L (e.g., about 0.1 to about 0.12 mg / L, about 0.12 to about 0.14 mg / L, about 0.14 to about 0.16 mg / L, about 0.16 to about 0.18 mg / L, or about 0.18 to about 0.2 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 4-vinylphenol.

[0102] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 5-methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal. In some embodiments, 5-methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal may be present in an amount of about 0.0001 mg / L to about 0.0003 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0001 to about 0.00015 mg / L, about 0.00015 to about 0.0002 mg / L, about 0.0002 to about 0.00025 mg / L, or about 0.00025 to about 0.0003 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 5-methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal.

[0103] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 5-methylfurfural. In some embodiments, 5-methylfurfural may be present in an amount of about 0.01 mg / L to about 8.5 mg / L (e.g., about 0.01 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 2 mg / L, about 2 to about 4 mg / L, about 4 to about 6 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 8.5 mg / L, about 5 to about 7 mg / L, or about 7 to about 8.5 mg / L). In some embodiments, 5-methylfurfural may be present in an amount of less than about 3.2 mg / L (e.g., less than about 3 mg / L, 2 mg / L, 1 mg / L, 0.9 mg / L, 0.7 mg / L, 0.5 mg / L, 0.3 mg / L, 0.1 mg / L, 0.09 mg / L, 0.07 mg / L, 0.05 mg / L, or 0.03 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 5-methylfurfural.

[0104] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include amyl alcohol. In some embodiments, amyl alcohol may be present in an amount of about 0.003 mg / L to about 0.02 mg / L (e.g., 0.003 to about 0.005 mg / L, about 0.005 to about 0.007 mg / L, about 0.007 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.005 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.2 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.013 mg / L, about 0.013 to about 0.017 mg / L, or about 0.017 to about 0.02 mg / L). In some embodiments, amyl alcohol may be present in an amount of less than about 0.008 mg / L (e.g., less than about 0.007 mg / L, 0.006 mg / L, 0.005 mg / L, or 0.004 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of amyl alcohol.

[0105] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include benzaldehyde. In some embodiments, benzaldehyde may be present in an amount of about 0.03 mg / L to about 0.06 mg / L (e.g., about 0.03 to about 0.035 mg / L, about 0.035 to about 0.04 mg / L, about 0.04 to about 0.045 mg / L, about 0.045 to about 0.05 mg / L, about 0.05 to about 0.055 mg / L, or about 0.055 to about 0.06 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of benzaldehyde.

[0106] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include benzyl acetate. In some embodiments, the benzyl acetate may be present in an amount of about 0.0002 mg / L to about 0.0005 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0002 to about 0.00025 mg / L, about 0.00025 to about 0.0003 mg / L, about 0.0003 to about 0.00035 mg / L, about 0.00035 to about 0.0004 mg / L, about 0.0004 to about 0.00045 mg / L, or about 0.00045 to about 0.0005 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of benzyl acetate.

[0107] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include β-ionone. In some embodiments, β-ionone may be present in an amount of about 1.7 mg / L to about 3.2 mg / L (e.g., about 1.7 to about 2 mg / L, about 2 to about 2.2 mg / L, about 2.2 to about 2.4 mg / L, about 2.4 to about 2.6 mg / L, about 2.6 to about 2.8 mg / L, about 2 to about 3 mg / L, about 2.8 to about 3 mg / L, or about 3 to about 3.2 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of β-ionone.

[0108] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include butyl alcohol. In some embodiments, the butyl alcohol may be present in an amount of about 0.1 mg / L to about 0.3 mg / L (e.g., about 0.1 to about 0.15 mg / L, about 0.15 to about 0.2 mg / L, about 0.2 to about 0.25 mg / L, or about 0.25 to about 0.3 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of butyl alcohol.

[0109] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include butyric acid. In some embodiments, butyric acid may be present in an amount of about 0.002 mg / L to about 3.2 mg / L (e.g., about 0.002 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.05 mg / L, about 0.05 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 1.5 mg / L, about 1.5 to about 2 mg / L, about 2 to about 2.5 mg / L, about 2.5 to about 3 mg / L, about 1 to about 2 mg / L, about 2 to about 3 mg / L, about 1 to about 3 mg / L, or about 3 to about 3.2 mg / L). In some embodiments, butyric acid may be present in an amount of less than about 1.2 mg / L (e.g., less than about 1.1 mg / L, 1.0 mg / L, 0.9 mg / L, 0.7 mg / L, 0.5 mg / L, 0.3 mg / L, 0.1 mg / L, 0.09 mg / L, 0.07 mg / L, 0.05 mg / L, 0.03 mg / L, 0.01 mg / L, 0.009 mg / L, 0.007 mg / L, 0.005 mg / L, or 0.003 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of butyric acid.

[0110] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include coffee furanones. In some embodiments, the coffee furanones may be present in an amount of about 17 mg / L to about 135 mg / L (e.g., about 17 to about 25 mg / L, about 25 to about 50 mg / L, about 50 to about 75 mg / L, about 75 to about 100 mg / L, or about 100 to about 135 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee furanones may be present in an amount of at least about 50 mg / L (e.g., at least about 55 mg / L, 60 mg / L, 65 mg / L, 70 mg / L, 80 mg / L, 90 mg / L, 100 mg / L, 110 mg / L, 120 mg / L, or 130 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of coffee furanones.

[0111] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include damascenone. In some embodiments, damascenone may be present in an amount of about 0.001 mg / L to about 0.003 mg / L (e.g., about 0.001 to about 0.0015 mg / L, about 0.0015 to about 0.002 mg / L, about 0.002 to about 0.0025 mg / L, or about 0.0025 to about 0.003 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of damascenone.

[0112] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include decanal. In some embodiments, decanal may be present in an amount of about 0.0004 mg / L to about 0.0009 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0004 to about 0.0005 mg / L, about 0.0005 to about 0.0006 mg / L, about 0.0006 to about 0.0007 mg / L, about 0.0007 to about 0.0008 mg / L, or about 0.0008 to about 0.0009 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of decanal.

[0113] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include diethyl disulfide. In some embodiments, diethyl disulfide may be present in an amount of about 0.0002 mg / L to about 0.0005 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0002 to about 0.00025 mg / L, about 0.00025 to about 0.0003 mg / L, about 0.0003 to about 0.00035 mg / L, about 0.00035 to about 0.0004 mg / L, about 0.0004 to about 0.00045 mg / L, or about 0.00045 to about 0.0005 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of diethyl disulfide.

[0114] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include diethyl succinate. In some embodiments, diethyl succinate may be present in an amount of about 0.00001 mg / L to about 280 mg / L (e.g., about 0.00001 to about 0.0001 mg / L, about 0.0001 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 50 mg / L, about 50 to about 100 mg / L, about 100 to about 200 mg / L, or about 200 to about 280 mg / L). In some embodiments, diethyl succinate may be present in an amount of at least about 0.0004 mg / L (e.g., at least about 0.0005 mg / L, 0.001 mg / L, 0.01 mg / L, 0.1 mg / L, 1 mg / L, 5 mg / L, 10 mg / L, 20 mg / L, 25 mg / L, 50 mg / L, 75 mg / L, 100 mg / L, 125 mg / L, 150 mg / L, 175 mg / L, 200 mg / L, 225 mg / L, 250 mg / L, or 275 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of diethyl succinate.

[0115] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include difurfuryl ether. In some embodiments, difurfuryl ether may be present in an amount of about 0.0001 mg / L to about 0.08 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0001 to about 0.0005 mg / L, about 0.0005 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.005 mg / L, about 0.005 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.02 mg / L, about 0.02 to about 0.04 mg / L, about 0.04 to about 0.06 mg / L, or about 0.06 to about 0.08 mg / L). In some embodiments, difurfuryl ether may be present in an amount of less than about 0.027 mg / L (e.g., less than about 0.025 mg / L, 0.02 mg / L, 0.01 mg / L, 0.009 mg / L, 0.007 mg / L, 0.005 mg / L, 0.003 mg / L, 0.001 mg / L, 0.0009 mg / L, 0.0007 mg / L, 0.0005 mg / L, or 0.0003 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of difurfuryl ether.

[0116] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include dimethyl sulfide. In some embodiments, dimethyl sulfide may be present in an amount of about 0.007 mg / L to about 0.013 mg / L (e.g., about 0.007 to about 0.008 mg / L, about 0.008 to about 0.009 mg / L, about 0.009 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.011 mg / L, about 0.011 to about 0.012 mg / L, or about 0.012 to about 0.013 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of dimethyl sulfide.

[0117] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include dimethyl sulfoxide. In some embodiments, dimethyl sulfoxide may be present in an amount of about 0.006 mg / L to about 0.01 mg / L (e.g., about 0.006 to about 0.007 mg / L, about 0.007 to about 0.008 mg / L, about 0.008 to about 0.009 mg / L, or about 0.009 to about 0.01 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of dimethyl sulfoxide.

[0118] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include dimethyl trisulfide. In some embodiments, dimethyl trisulfide may be present in an amount of about 0.00000003 mg / L to about 0.002 mg / L (e.g., about 0.00000003 to about 0.0000001 mg / L, about 0.0000001 to about 0.000001 mg / L, about 0.000001 to about 0.00001 mg / L, about 0.00001 to about 0.0001 mg / L, about 0.0001 to about 0.001 mg / L, or about 0.001 to about 0.002 mg / L). In some embodiments, dimethyl trisulfide may be present in an amount of less than about 0.0007 mg / L (e.g., less than about 0.0005 mg / L, 0.0003 mg / L, 0.0001 mg / L, 0.00005 mg / L, 0.00001 mg / L, 0.0000005 mg / L, 0.000001 mg / L, 0.0000005, 0.0000001 mg / L, or 0.00000005 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of dimethyl trisulfide.

[0119] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include ethyl 2-methylbutyrate. In some embodiments, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate may be present in an amount of about 0.0006 mg / L to about 5 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0006 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 2.5 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, or about 2.5 to about 5 mg / L). In some embodiments, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate may be present in an amount of at least 0.002 mg / L (e.g., at least about 0.003 mg / L, 0.004 mg / L, 0.005 mg / L, 0.01 mg / L, 0.05 mg / L, 0.1 mg / L, 0.5 mg / L, 1 mg / L, 2 mg / L, 3 mg / L, or 4 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of ethyl 2-methylbutyrate.

[0120] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include ethyl acetate. In some embodiments, ethyl acetate may be present in an amount of about 0.06 mg / L to about 0.2 mg / L (e.g., about 0.06 to about 0.08 mg / L, about 0.08 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.2 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.12 mg / L, about 0.12 to about 0.14 mg / L, about 0.14 to about 0.16 mg / L, about 0.16 to about 0.18 mg / L, or about 0.18 to about 0.2 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of ethyl acetate.

[0121] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include ethyl benzoate. In some embodiments, the ethyl benzoate may be present in an amount of about 0.001 mg / L to about 0.004 mg / L (e.g., about 0.001 to about 0.002 mg / L, about 0.002 to about 0.003 mg / L, or about 0.003 to about 0.004 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of ethyl benzoate.

[0122] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include ethyl butanoate. In some embodiments, the ethyl butanoate may be present in an amount of about 0.002 mg / L to about 0.005 mg / L (e.g., about 0.002 to about 0.003 mg / L, or about 0.003 to about 0.004 mg / L, or about 0.004 to about 0.005 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of ethyl butanoate.

[0123] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include ethyl decanoate. In some embodiments, ethyl decanoate may be present in an amount of about 0.0006 mg / L to about 0.06 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0006 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.005 mg / L, about 0.005 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.03 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.05 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.06 mg / L, or about 0.03 to about 0.06 mg / L). In some embodiments, ethyl decanoate may be present in an amount of at least about 0.002 mg / L (e.g., at least about 0.003 mg / L, 0.004 mg / L, 0.005 mg / L, 0.006 mg / L, 0.007 mg / L, 0.008 mg / L, 0.009 mg / L, 0.01 mg / L, 0.02 mg / L, 0.03 mg / L, 0.04 mg / L, or 0.05 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of ethyl decanoate.

[0124] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include ethyl heptanoate. In some embodiments, the ethyl heptanoate may be present in an amount of about 0.0008 mg / L to about 0.002 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0008 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.002 mg / L, about 0.0012 to about 0.0014 mg / L, about 0.0014 to about 0.0016 mg / L, about 0.0016 to about 0.0018 mg / L, or about 0.0018 to about 0.002 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of ethyl heptanoate.

[0125] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include ethyl hexanoate. In some embodiments, the ethyl hexanoate may be present in an amount of about 0.0005 mg / L to about 0.001 mg / L (e.g., 0.0005 to about 0.0006 mg / L, about 0.0006 to about 0.0007 mg / L, about 0.0007 to about 0.0008 mg / L, about 0.0008 to about 0.0009 mg / L, or about 0.0009 to about 0.001 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of ethyl hexanoate.

[0126] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include ethyl isovalerate. In some embodiments, the ethyl isovalerate may be present in an amount of about 0.002 mg / L to about 0.006 mg / L (e.g., about 0.002 to about 0.003 mg / L, about 0.003 to about 0.004 mg / L, about 0.004 to about 0.005 mg / L, or about 0.005 to about 0.006 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of ethyl isovalerate.

[0127] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include ethyl lactate. In some embodiments, the ethyl lactate may be present in an amount of about 0.1 mg / L to about 0.3 mg / L (e.g., about 0.1 to about 0.15 mg / L, about 0.15 to about 0.2 mg / L, about 0.2 to about 0.25 mg / L, or about 0.25 to about 0.3 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of ethyl lactate.

[0128] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include ethyl laurate. In some embodiments, ethyl laurate may be present in an amount of about 0.0002 mg / L to about 0.007 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0002 to about 0.0006 mg / L, about 0.0006 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.003 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.005 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.007 mg / L, about 0.003 to about 0.005 mg / L, or about 0.005 to about 0.007 mg / L). In some embodiments, ethyl laurate may be present in an amount of at least about 0.0007 mg / L (e.g., at least about 0.0008 mg / L, 0.0009 mg / L, 0.001 mg / L, 0.002 mg / L, 0.003 mg / L, 0.004 mg / L, 0.005 mg / L, or 0.006 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of ethyl laurate.

[0129] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include ethyl octanoate. In some embodiments, the ethyl octanoate may be present in an amount of about 0.0007 mg / L to about 0.002 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0007 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.002 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.0012 mg / L, about 0.0012 to about 0.0014 mg / L, about 0.0014 to about 0.0016 mg / L, about 0.0016 to about 0.0018 mg / L, or about 0.0018 to about 0.002 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of ethyl octanoate.

[0130] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include ethyl phenyl acetate. In some embodiments, the ethyl phenyl acetate may be present in an amount of about 0.00003 mg / L to about 0.00007 mg / L (e.g., about 0.00003 to about 0.00004 mg / L, about 0.00004 to about 0.00005 mg / L, about 0.00005 to about 0.00006 mg / L, or about 0.00006 to about 0.00007 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of ethyl phenyl acetate.

[0131] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include ethyl tiglate. In some embodiments, the ethyl tiglate may be present in an amount of about 0.0008 mg / L to about 0.002 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0008 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.002 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.0012 mg / L, about 0.0012 to about 0.0014 mg / L, about 0.0014 to about 0.0016 mg / L, about 0.0016 to about 0.0018 mg / L, or about 0.0018 to about 0.002 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of ethyl tiglate.

[0132] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include furfural. In some embodiments, furfural may be present in an amount of about 0.003 mg / L to about 16 mg / L (e.g., about 0.003 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 2 mg / L, about 2 to about 4 mg / L, about 4 to about 6 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 5 to about 15 mg / L, about 5 to about 16 mg / L, about 10 to about 15 mg / L, about 10 to about 16 mg / L, about 6 to about 8 mg / L, about 8 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 13 mg / L, or about 13 to about 16 mg / L). In some embodiments, furfural may be present in an amount of less than about 6 mg / L (e.g., less than about 5 mg / L, 4 mg / L, 3 mg / L, 2 mg / L, 1 mg / L, 0.5 mg / L, 0.1 mg / L, 0.05 mg / L, 0.01 mg / L, or 0.005 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of furfural.

[0133] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include furfuryl propionate. In some embodiments, the furfuryl propionate may be present in an amount of about 0.03 mg / L to about 0.07 mg / L (e.g., about 0.03 to about 0.04 mg / L, about 0.04 to about 0.05 mg / L, about 0.05 to about 0.06 mg / L, or about 0.06 to about 0.07 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of furfuryl propionate.

[0134] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include γ-nonalactone. In some embodiments, γ-nonalactone may be present in an amount of about 0.001 mg / L to about 9 mg / L (e.g., about 0.001 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 3 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 1 to about 9 mg / L, about 5 to about 9 mg / L, about 3 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 7 mg / L, or about 7 to about 9 mg / L). In some embodiments, gamma-nonalactone may be present in an amount of at least about 0.005 mg / L (e.g., at least about 0.01 mg / L, 0.03 mg / L, 0.05 mg / L, 0.07 mg / L, 0.09 mg / L, 0.1 mg / L, 0.3 mg / L, 0.5 mg / L, 0.7 mg / L, 0.9 mg / L, 1 mg / L, 2 mg / L, 3 mg / L, 4 mg / L, 5 mg / L, 6 mg / L, 7 mg / L, or 8 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of gamma-nonalactone.

[0135] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include geraniol. In some embodiments, geraniol may be present in an amount of about 0.007 mg / L to about 0.02 mg / L (e.g., about 0.007 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.02 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.012 mg / L, about 0.012 to about 0.014 mg / L, about 0.014 to about 0.016 mg / L, about 0.016 to about 0.018 mg / L, or about 0.018 to about 0.02 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of geraniol.

[0136] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include geranyl acetate. In some embodiments, geranyl acetate may be present in an amount of about 0.05 mg / L to about 0.1 mg / L (e.g., about 0.05 to about 0.06 mg / L, about 0.06 to about 0.07 mg / L, about 0.07 to about 0.08 mg / L, about 0.08 to about 0.09 mg / L, or about 0.09 to about 0.1 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of geranyl acetate.

[0137] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include guaiacol. In some embodiments, guaiacol may be present in an amount of about 0.0007 mg / L to about 0.6 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0007 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.05 mg / L, about 0.05 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.6 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.2 mg / L, about 0.2 to about 0.4 mg / L, or about 0.4 to about 0.6 mg / L). In some embodiments, guaiacol may be present in an amount of less than about 0.22 mg / L (e.g., less than about 0.2 mg / L, 0.1 mg / L, 0.05 mg / L, 0.01 mg / L, 0.005 mg / L, or 0.001 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of guaiacol.

[0138] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include hexanal. In some embodiments, hexanal may be present in an amount of about 0.008 mg / L to about 0.02 mg / L (e.g., about 0.008 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.02 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.012 mg / L, about 0.012 to about 0.014 mg / L, about 0.014 to about 0.016 mg / L, about 0.016 to about 0.018 mg / L, or about 0.018 to about 0.02 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of hexanal.

[0139] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include hexanol. In some embodiments, hexanol may be present in an amount of about 0.1 mg / L to about 0.3 mg / L (e.g., about 0.1 to about 0.15 mg / L, about 0.15 to about 0.2 mg / L, about 0.2 to about 0.25 mg / L, or about 0.25 to about 0.3 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of hexanol.

[0140] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include hexyl acetate. In some embodiments, the hexyl acetate may be present in an amount of about 0.0005 mg / L to about 0.001 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0005 to about 0.0006 mg / L, about 0.0006 to about 0.0007, about 0.0007 to about 0.0008 mg / L, about 0.0008 to about 0.0009 mg / L, or about 0.0009 to about 0.001 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of hexyl acetate.

[0141] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include isoamyl acetate. In some embodiments, isoamyl acetate may be present in an amount of about 0.0008 mg / L to about 0.002 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0008 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.002 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.0012 mg / L, about 0.0012 to about 0.0014 mg / L, about 0.0014 to about 0.0016 mg / L, about 0.0016 to about 0.0018 mg / L, or about 0.0018 to about 0.002 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of isoamyl acetate.

[0142] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include isoamyl alcohol. In some embodiments, isoamyl alcohol may be present in an amount of about 0.01 mg / L to about 0.03 mg / L (e.g., about 0.01 to about 0.015 mg / L, about 0.015 to about 0.02 mg / L, about 0.02 to about 0.025 mg / L, or about 0.025 to about 0.03 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of isoamyl alcohol.

[0143] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include isobutyraldehyde. In some embodiments, isobutyraldehyde may be present in an amount of about 0.00003 mg / L to about 0.2 mg / L (e.g., about 0.00003 to about 0.0001 mg / L, about 0.0001 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.1 mg / L, or about 0.1 to about 0.2 mg / L). In some embodiments, isobutyraldehyde may be present in an amount of less than about 0.075 mg / L (e.g., less than about 0.07 mg / L, 0.05 mg / L, 0.03 mg / L, 0.01 mg / L, 0.005 mg / L, 0.001 mg / L, 0.0005 mg / L, 0.0001 mg / L, or 0.00005 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of isobutyraldehyde.

[0144] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include isobutyric acid. In some embodiments, isobutyric acid may be present in an amount of about 0.02 mg / L to about 0.05 mg / L (e.g., about 0.02 to about 0.025 mg / L, about 0.025 to about 0.03 mg / L, about 0.03 to about 0.035 mg / L, about 0.035 to about 0.04 mg / L, about 0.04 to about 0.045 mg / L, or about 0.045 to about 0.05 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of isobutyric acid.

[0145] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include isovaleraldehyde. In some embodiments, isovaleraldehyde may be present in an amount of about 0.0002 mg / L to about 0.2 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0002 to about 0.002 mg / L, about 0.002 to about 0.007 mg / L, about 0.007 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.02 mg / L, about 0.02 to about 0.07 mg / L, about 0.07 to about 0.1 mg / L, or about 0.1 to about 0.2 mg / L). In some embodiments, isovaleraldehyde may be present in an amount of less than about 0.05 mg / L (e.g., less than about 0.04 mg / L, 0.03 mg / L, 0.02 mg / L, 0.01 mg / L, 0.005 mg / L, 0.001 mg / L, or 0.0005 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of isovaleraldehyde.

[0146] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include isovaleric acid. In some embodiments, isovaleric acid may be present in an amount of about 0.3 mg / L to about 7 mg / L (e.g., about 0.3 to about 0.7 mg / L, about 0.7 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 3 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 1 to about 7 mg / L, about 3 to about 5 mg / L, or about 5 to about 7 mg / L). In some embodiments, isovaleric acid may be present in an amount of at least about 1 mg / L (e.g., at least about 2 mg / L, 3 mg / L, 4 mg / L, 5 mg / L, or 6 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of isovaleric acid.

[0147] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include limonene. In some embodiments, limonene may be present in an amount of about 0.001 mg / L to about 0.002 mg / L (e.g., about 0.001 to about 0.0012 mg / L, about 0.0012 to about 0.0014 mg / L, about 0.0014 to about 0.0016 mg / L, about 0.0016 to about 0.0018 mg / L, or about 0.0018 to about 0.002 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of limonene.

[0148] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include linalool. In some embodiments, linalool may be present in an amount of about 0.01 mg / L to about 0.03 mg / L (e.g., about 0.01 to about 0.015 mg / L, about 0.015 to about 0.02 mg / L, about 0.02 to about 0.025 mg / L, or about 0.025 to about 0.03 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of linalool.

[0149] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include maltol. In some embodiments, maltol may be present in an amount of about 55 mg / L to about 105 mg / L (e.g., about 55 to about 65 mg / L, about 65 to about 75 mg / L, about 75 to about 85 mg / L, about 85 to about 95 mg / L, or about 95 to about 105 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of maltol.

[0150] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include massoialactone. In some embodiments, massoialactone may be present in an amount of about 24 mg / L to about 45 mg / L (e.g., about 24 to about 30 mg / L, about 30 to about 35 mg / L, about 35 to about 40 mg / L, or about 40 to about 45 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of massoialactone.

[0151] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include methyl anthranilate. In some embodiments, the methyl anthranilate may be present in an amount of about 0.02 mg / L to about 0.04 mg / L (e.g., about 0.02 to about 0.025 mg / L, about 0.025 to about 0.03 mg / L, about 0.03 to about 0.035 mg / L, or about 0.035 to about 0.04 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of methyl anthranilate.

[0152] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include methyl benzoate. In some embodiments, the methyl benzoate may be present in an amount of about 0.0002 mg / L to about 0.0005 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0002 to about 0.00025 mg / L, about 0.00025 to about 0.0003 mg / L, about 0.0003 to about 0.00035 mg / L, about 0.00035 to about 0.0004 mg / L, about 0.0004 to about 0.00045 mg / L, or about 0.00045 to about 0.0005 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of methyl benzoate.

[0153] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include methyl hexanoate. In some embodiments, the methyl hexanoate may be present in an amount of about 0.0008 mg / L to about 0.002 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0008 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.002 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.0012 mg / L, about 0.0012 to about 0.0014 mg / L, about 0.0014 to about 0.0016 mg / L, about 0.0016 to about 0.0018 mg / L, or about 0.0018 to about 0.002 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of methyl hexanoate.

[0154] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include methyl nicotinate. In some embodiments, methyl nicotinate may be present in an amount of about 0.009 mg / L to about 0.02 mg / L (e.g., about 0.009 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.02 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.012 mg / L, about 0.012 to about 0.014 mg / L, about 0.014 to about 0.016 mg / L, about 0.016 to about 0.018 mg / L, or about 0.018 to about 0.02 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of methyl nicotinate.

[0155] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include methyl phenyl acetate. In some embodiments, the methyl phenyl acetate may be present in an amount of about 0.0008 mg / L to about 0.002 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0008 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.002 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.0012 mg / L, about 0.0012 to about 0.0014 mg / L, about 0.0014 to about 0.0016 mg / L, about 0.0016 to about 0.0018 mg / L, or about 0.0018 to about 0.002 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of methyl phenyl acetate.

[0156] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include methyl salicylate. In some embodiments, the methyl salicylate may be present in an amount of about 0.005 mg / L to about 0.01 mg / L (e.g., about 0.005 to about 0.006 mg / L, about 0.006 to about 0.007 mg / L, about 0.007 to about 0.008 mg / L, about 0.008 to about 0.009 mg / L, or about 0.009 to about 0.01 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of methyl salicylate.

[0157] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include myrcene. In some embodiments, myrcene may be present in an amount of about 0.001 mg / L to about 0.003 mg / L (e.g., about 0.001 to about 0.0015 mg / L, about 0.0015 to about 0.002 mg / L, about 0.002 to about 0.0025 mg / L, or about 0.0025 to about 0.003 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of myrcene.

[0158] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include nonanal. In some embodiments, nonanal may be present in an amount of about 0.001 mg / L to about 0.003 mg / L (e.g., about 0.001 to about 0.0015 mg / L, about 0.0015 to about 0.002 mg / L, about 0.002 to about 0.0025 mg / L, or about 0.0025 to about 0.003 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of nonanal.

[0159] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include octanal. In some embodiments, octanal may be present in an amount of about 0.0004 mg / L to about 0.0009 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0004 to about 0.0005 mg / L, about 0.0005 to about 0.0006 mg / L, about 0.0006 to about 0.0007 mg / L, about 0.0007 to about 0.0008 mg / L, or about 0.0008 to about 0.0009 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of octanal.

[0160] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include p-anisaldehyde. In some embodiments, p-anisaldehyde may be present in an amount of about 0.01 mg / L to about 0.03 mg / L (e.g., about 0.01 to about 0.015 mg / L, about 0.015 to about 0.02 mg / L, about 0.02 to about 0.025 mg / L, or about 0.025 to about 0.03 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of p-anisaldehyde.

[0161] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include p-cresol. In some embodiments, p-cresol may be present in an amount of about 1.1 mg / L to about 2.2 mg / L (e.g., about 1.1 to about 1.3 mg / L, about 1.3 to about 1.5 mg / L, about 1.5 to about 1.7 mg / L, about 1.7 to about 2 mg / L, or about 2 to about 2.2 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of p-cresol.

[0162] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include phenethyl acetate. In some embodiments, the phenethyl acetate may be present in an amount of about 0.00008 mg / L to about 0.0002 mg / L (e.g., about 0.00008 to about 0.0001 mg / L, about 0.0001 to about 0.0002 mg / L, about 0.0001 to about 0.00012 mg / L, about 0.00012 to about 0.00014 mg / L, about 0.00014 to about 0.00016 mg / L, about 0.00016 to about 0.00018 mg / L, or about 0.00018 to about 0.0002 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of phenethyl acetate.

[0163] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include phenylacetaldehyde. In some embodiments, the phenylacetaldehyde may be present in an amount of about 0.3 mg / L to about 0.6 mg / L (e.g., about 0.3 to about 0.4 mg / L, about 0.4 to about 0.5 mg / L, or about 0.5 to about 0.6 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of phenylacetaldehyde.

[0164] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include propionaldehyde. In some embodiments, propionaldehyde may be present in an amount of about 1 mg / L to about 2 mg / L (e.g., about 1 to about 1.2 mg / L, about 1.2 to about 1.4 mg / L, about 1.4 to about 1.6 mg / L, about 1.6 to about 1.8 mg / L, or about 1.8 to about 2 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of propionaldehyde.

[0165] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include propionic acid. In some embodiments, the propionic acid may be present in an amount of about 1 mg / L to about 1.9 mg / L (e.g., about 1 to about 1.2 mg / L, about 1.2 to about 1.4 mg / L, about 1.4 to about 1.7 mg / L, or about 1.7 to about 1.9 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of propionic acid.

[0166] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include pyrrole. In some embodiments, pyrrole may be present in an amount of about 0.0001 mg / L to about 0.02 mg / L (e.g., 0.0001 to about 0.0005 mg / L, about 0.0005 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.005 mg / L, about 0.005 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.02 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.015 mg / L, or about 0.015 to about 0.02 mg / L). In some embodiments, pyrrole may be present in an amount of less than about 0.005 mg / L (e.g., less than about 0.004 mg / L, 0.003 mg / L, 0.002 mg / L, 0.001 mg / L, 0.0009 mg / L, 0.0007 mg / L, 0.0005 mg / L, or 0.0003 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of pyrrole.

[0167] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include syringol. In some embodiments, syringol may be present in an amount of about 0.03 mg / L to about 6 mg / L (e.g., about 0.03 to about 0.05 mg / L, about 0.05 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, or about 1 to about 6 mg / L). In some embodiments, syringol may be present in an amount of at least about 0.1 mg / L (e.g., at least about 0.2 mg / L, 0.3 mg / L, 0.4 mg / L, 0.5 mg / L, 1 mg / L, 2 mg / L, 3 mg / L, 4 mg / L, or 5 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of syringol.

[0168] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include valeraldehyde. In some embodiments, valeraldehyde may be present in an amount of about 0.2 mg / L to about 6.5 mg / L (e.g., about 0.2 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 2 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 1 to about 6 mg / L, about 1 to about 6.5 mg / L, about 2 to about 4 mg / L, or about 4 to about 6.5 mg / L). In some embodiments, valeraldehyde may be present in an amount of at least about 0.6 mg / L (e.g., at least about 0.7 mg / L, 0.8 mg / L, 0.9 mg / L, 1 mg / L, 2 mg / L, 3 mg / L, 4 mg / L, 5 mg / L, or 6 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of valeraldehyde.

[0169] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include valeric acid. In some embodiments, valeric acid may be present in an amount of about 0.08 mg / L to about 0.2 mg / L (e.g., about 0.08 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.2 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.12 mg / L, about 0.12 to about 0.14 mg / L, about 0.14 to about 0.16 mg / L, about 0.16 to about 0.18 mg / L, or about 0.18 to about 0.2 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of valeric acid.

[0170] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2,3-butanedione. In some embodiments, 2,3-butanedione may be present in an amount of about 0.0002 mg / L to about 0.0005 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0002 to about 0.00025 mg / L, about 0.00025 to about 0.0003 mg / L, about 0.0003 to about 0.00035 mg / L, about 0.00035 to about 0.0004 mg / L, about 0.0004 mg / L to about 0.00045 mg / L, or about 0.00045 to about 0.0005 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2,3-butanedione.

[0171] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2,3-hexanedione. In some embodiments, 2,3-hexanedione may be present in an amount of about 7.5 mg / L to about 14 mg / L (e.g., about 7.5 to about 9 mg / L, about 9 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 11 mg / L, about 11 to about 12 mg / L, about 12 to about 13 mg / L, or about 13 to about 14 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2,3-hexanedione.

[0172] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine. In some embodiments, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine may be present in an amount of about 0.4 mg / L to about 0.9 mg / L (e.g., about 0.4 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 0.6 mg / L, about 0.6 to about 0.7 mg / L, about 0.7 to about 0.8 mg / L, or about 0.8 to about 0.9 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine.

[0173] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone. In some embodiments, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone may be present in an amount of about 0.6 mg / L to about 1.2 mg / L (e.g., about 0.6 to about 0.7 mg / L, about 0.7 to about 0.8 mg / L, about 0.8 to about 0.9 mg / L, about 0.9 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 1.1 mg / L, or about 1.1 to about 1.2 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone.

[0174] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP). In some embodiments, IBMP may be present in an amount of about 0.0005 mg / L to about 0.001 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0005 to about 0.0006 mg / L, about 0.0006 to about 0.0007 mg / L, about 0.0007 to about 0.0008 mg / L, about 0.0008 to about 0.0009 mg / L, or about 0.0009 to about 0.001 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of IBMP.

[0175] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine. In some embodiments, 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine may be present in an amount of about 0.0002 mg / L to about 0.0005 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0002 to about 0.00025 mg / L, about 0.00025 to about 0.0003 mg / L, about 0.0003 to about 0.00035 mg / L, about 0.00035 to about 0.0004 mg / L, about 0.0004 to about 0.00045 mg / L, or about 0.00045 to about 0.0005 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine.

[0176] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 3-methylbutyric acid. In some embodiments, 3-methylbutyric acid may be present in an amount of about 0.01 mg / L to about 0.03 mg / L (e.g., about 0.01 to about 0.015 mg / L, about 0.015 to about 0.02 mg / L, about 0.02 to about 0.025 mg / L, or about 0.025 to about 0.03 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 3-methylbutyric acid.

[0177] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 4-ethylguaiacol. In some embodiments, 4-ethylguaiacol may be present in an amount of about 0.001 mg / L to about 0.002 mg / L (e.g., about 0.001 to about 0.0012 mg / L, about 0.0012 to about 0.0014 mg / L, about 0.0014 to about 0.0016 mg / L, about 0.0016 to about 0.0018 mg / L, or about 0.0018 to about 0.002 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 4-ethylguaiacol.

[0178] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone. In some embodiments, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone may be present in an amount of about 3 mg / L to about 6 mg / L (e.g., about 3 to about 3.5 mg / L, about 3.5 to about 4 mg / L, about 4 to about 4.5 mg / L, about 4.5 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 5.5 mg / L, or about 5.5 to about 6 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone.

[0179] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include acetoin acetate. In some embodiments, acetoin acetate may be present in an amount of about 75 mg / L to about 140 mg / L (e.g., about 75 to about 90 mg / L, about 90 to about 100 mg / L, about 100 to about 110 mg / L, about 110 to about 120 mg / L, about 120 to about 130 mg / L, or about 130 to about 140 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of acetoin acetate.

[0180] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include β-damascenone. In some embodiments, β-damascenone may be present in an amount of about 0.00003 mg / L to about 0.0007 mg / L (e.g., about 0.00003 to about 0.00007 mg / L, about 0.00007 to about 0.0001 mg / L, about 0.0001 to about 0.0003 mg / L, about 0.0001 to about 0.0005 mg / L, about 0.0003 to about 0.0005 mg / L, or about 0.0005 to about 0.0007 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of β-damascenone.

[0181] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include δ-decalactone. In some embodiments, δ-decalactone may be present in an amount of about 1.2 mg / L to about 2.3 mg / L (e.g., about 1.2 to about 1.4 mg / L, about 1.4 to about 1.6 mg / L, about 1.6 to about 1.8 mg / L, about 1.8 to about 2 mg / L, or about 2 to about 2.3 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of δ-decalactone.

[0182] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include δ-octalactone. In some embodiments, δ-octalactone may be present in an amount of about 4.8 mg / L to about 9 mg / L (e.g., about 4.8 to about 6 mg / L, about 5 to about 9 mg / L, about 6 to about 7 mg / L, about 7 to about 8 mg / L, or about 8 to about 9 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of δ-octalactone.

[0183] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include ethyl butyrate. In some embodiments, the ethyl butyrate may be present in an amount of about 0.4 mg / L to about 0.9 mg / L (e.g., about 0.4 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 0.6 mg / L, about 0.6 to about 0.7 mg / L, about 0.7 to about 0.8 mg / L, or about 0.8 to about 0.9 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of ethyl butyrate.

[0184] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include ethyl maltol. In some embodiments, the ethyl maltol may be present in an amount of about 30 mg / L to about 60 mg / L (e.g., about 30 to about 35 mg / L, about 35 to about 40 mg / L, about 40 to about 45 mg / L, about 45 to about 50 mg / L, about 50 to about 55 mg / L, or about 55 to about 60 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of ethyl maltol.

[0185] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include eugenol. In some embodiments, eugenol may be present in an amount of about 0.01 mg / L to about 0.02 mg / L (e.g., about 0.01 to about 0.012 mg / L, about 0.012 to about 0.014 mg / L, about 0.014 to about 0.016 mg / L, about 0.016 to about 0.018 mg / L, or about 0.018 to about 0.02 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of eugenol.

[0186] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include furaneol. In some embodiments, furaneol may be present in an amount of about 6 mg / L to about 11 mg / L (e.g., about 6 to about 7 mg / L, about 7 to about 8 mg / L, about 8 to about 9 mg / L, about 9 to about 10 mg / L, or about 10 to about 11 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of furaneol.

[0187] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include furfuryl alcohol. In some embodiments, furfuryl alcohol may be present in an amount of about 0.000000003 mg / L to about 0.000000007 mg / L (e.g., about 0.000000003 to about 0.000000004 mg / L, about 0.000000004 to about 0.000000005 mg / L, about 0.000000005 to about 0.000000006 mg / L, or about 0.000000006 to about 0.000000007 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of furfuryl alcohol.

[0188] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include gamma decalactone. In some embodiments, gamma decalactone may be present in an amount of about 1.4 mg / L to about 2.7 mg / L (e.g., about 1.4 to about 1.6 mg / L, about 1.6 to about 1.8 mg / L, about 1.8 to about 2 mg / L, about 2 to about 2.2 mg / L, about 2.2 to about 2.5 mg / L, or about 2.5 to about 2.7 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of gamma decalactone.

[0189] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include isoeugenol. In some embodiments, isoeugenol may be present in an amount of about 0.01 mg / L to about 0.02 mg / L (e.g., about 0.01 to about 0.012 mg / L, about 0.012 to about 0.014 mg / L, about 0.014 to about 0.016 mg / L, about 0.016 to about 0.018 mg / L, or about 0.018 to about 0.02 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of isoeugenol.

[0190] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include isopropenylpyrazine. In some embodiments, isopropenylpyrazine may be present in an amount of about 3 mg / L to about 6 mg / L (e.g., about 3 to about 3.5 mg / L, about 3.5 to about 4 mg / L, about 4 to about 4.5 mg / L, about 4.5 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 5.5 mg / L, or about 5.5 to about 6 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of isopropenylpyrazine.

[0191] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include methanethiol. In some embodiments, methanethiol may be present in an amount of about 0.0000007 mg / L to about 0.000002 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0000007 to about 0.000001 mg / L, about 0.000001 to about 0.000002 mg / L, about 0.000001 to about 0.0000013 mg / L, about 0.0000013 to about 0.0000017 mg / L, or about 0.0000017 to about 0.000002 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of methanethiol.

[0192] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include sotolon. In some embodiments, sotolon may be present in an amount of about 0.000003 mg / L to about 0.000006 mg / L (e.g., about 0.000003 to about 0.0000035 mg / L, about 0.0000035 to about 0.000004 mg / L, about 0.000004 to about 0.0000045 mg / L, about 0.0000045 to about 0.000005 mg / L, about 0.000005 to about 0.0000055 mg / L, or about 0.0000055 to about 0.000006 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of sotolon.

[0193] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal. In some embodiments, vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal may be present in an amount of about 60 mg / L to about 112 mg / L (e.g., about 60 to about 70 mg / L, about 70 to about 80 mg / L, about 80 to about 90 mg / L, about 90 to about 100 mg / L, about 60 to about 80 mg / L, about 80 to about 100 mg / L, about 70 to about 90 mg / L, about 90 to about 110 mg / L, or about 100 to about 112 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal.

[0194] The one or more VOCs in the coffee replica may include vanillyl ethyl ether. In some embodiments, vanillyl ethyl ether may be present in an amount of about 14 mg / L to about 27 mg / L (e.g., about 14 to about 17 mg / L, about 15 to about 20 mg / L, about 20 to about 25 mg / L, about 20 to about 27 mg / L, about 17 to about 20 mg / L, about 20 to about 22 mg / L, about 22 to about 25 mg / L, or about 25 to about 27 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of vanillyl ethyl ether.

[0195] In some embodiments, the coffee replica may exclude one or more VOCs according to group. In some cases, "Group F" includes: α-methyl-α-[4-methyl-3-pentenyl]oxiranemethanol; β-myrcene; 1-(2-furanylmethyl)-1H-pyrrole; 1-ethyl-1H-pyrrole; 1-methyl-1H-pyrrole; 1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde; 1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; 2-amino-1-naphthalenol; 2,3-butanedione; 2-butanone; 2,3-dimethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one; 2-methyl-2-cyclopentene- 1-one;3-ethyl-2-hydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one;5-methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde;2-furanmethanol acetate;2-furanmethanol propanoate;1-hydroxy-2-propanone;2-vinylfuran;Dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone;3-furaldehyde;3-furanmethanol;3-pyridinol;5-amino-1-naphthol;Acetic acid;Acetic acid 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl ester;Acetic acid methyl ester;Acetone;2-Methoxy-benzenamine;2 -Methyl-butanal;3-Methyl-butanal;4-Hydroxy-butanoic acid;Dimethyl disulfide;N,N-Dimethyl-ethanamine;1-(1H-Pyrrol-2-yl)-ethanone;1-(2-Furanyl)-ethanone;1-(2-Hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-ethanone;Furan;2-(2-Furanylmethyl)-5-methyl-furan;2-(2-Propenyl)-furan;2-(Methoxymethyl)-furan;2,2'-Methylenebis-furan;2,5-Dimethyl-furan;2-[(Methylthio)methyl]-furan; 2-Methyl-furan;3-Methyl-furan;Furfural;Furfuryl formate;Indole;N,N-Dimethyl-methylamine;2,7-Dimethyl-oxepin;p-Cresol;Phenol;2-Methoxy-phenol;2-Methyl-phenol;4-Ethyl-2-methoxy-phenol;1-Methyl-piperidine;Pyrazine;2-(n-propyl)-pyrazine;2,3-Dimethyl-pyrazine;2,5-Dimethyl-pyrazine;2,6-Diethyl-pyrazine;2,6-Dimethyl-pyrazine;2-Ethyl-3-methyl-pyrazine;2-ethyl-6-methyl-pyrazine; 3,5-diethyl-2-methyl-pyrazine; 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine; ethyl-pyrazine; methyl-pyrazine; pyridine; 2-methyl-pyridine; 3-ethyl-pyridine; 3-methyl-pyridine; 3-propyl-pyridine; styrene; thiophene; and toluene. Thus, at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds of group F (e.g., at least 2, at least 3, at least 5, at least 10, at least 15, at least 20, at least 30, at least 40, at least 50, at least 60, at least 70, 1 to 76, 1 to 70, 1 to 60, 1 to 50, 1 to 40, 1 to 30, 1 to 20, 1 to 10, 1 to 5, 1 to 3, 3 to 76, 3 to 70, 3 to 60, 3 to 50, 3 to 40, 3 to 50, 3 to 60, 3 to 70, 3 to 50, 3 to 40, 3 to 7 ...7 Provided herein are coffee replicas free of VOCs of 100 to 300, 3 to 20, 3 to 10, 3 to 5, 5 to 76, 5 to 70, 5 to 60, 5 to 50, 5 to 40, 5 to 30, 5 to 20, 5 to 10, 10 to 76, 10 to 70, 10 to 60, 10 to 50, 10 to 40, 10 to 30, 10 to 20, 20 to 76, 20 to 70, 20 to 60, 20 to 50, 20 to 30, 30 to 76, 30 to 70, 30 to 60, 30 to 50, or 30 to 40 species;

[0196] In some cases, "Group G" includes α-methyl-α-[4-methyl-3-pentenyl]oxiranemethanol;β-myrcene;1-(2-furanylmethyl)-1H-pyrrole;1-ethyl-1H-pyrrole;1-methyl-1H-pyrrole;1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde;1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine;2-amino-1-naphthalenol;2,3-butanedione;2-butanone;2,3-dimethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one;2-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one;3-ethyl-2-hydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one;5-methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde;1-hydroxy-2-propanone;2-vinylfuran;dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H )-furanone; 3-furaldehyde; 3-furanmethanol; 3-pyridinol; 5-amino-1-naphthol; acetone; 2-methoxy-benzenamine; 2-methyl-butanal; 3-methyl-butanal; 4-hydroxy-butanoic acid; dimethyl disulfide; N,N-dimethyl-ethanamine; 1-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)-ethanone; 1-(2-furanyl)-ethanone; 1-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-ethanone; indole; N,N-dimethyl-methylamine; 2,7-dimethyl-oxepin; p-cresol; phenol; 2-methoxy-phenol; 2-methyl-phenol; 4-ethyl-2-methoxy-phenol; 1-methyl-piperidine; styrene; thiophene; and toluene. Thus, provided herein is a coffee replica that is free of at least one VOC (e.g., at least 2, at least 3, at least 5, at least 10, at least 15, at least 20, at least 30, at least 40, 1-43, 1-40, 1-30, 1-20, 1-10, 1-5, 1-3, 3-43, 3-40, 3-30, 3-20, 3-10, 3-5, 5-43, 5-40, 5-30, 5-20, 5-10, 10-43, 10-40, 10-30, 10-20, 20-43, 20-40, 20-30, 30-43, or 30-40) selected from the group consisting of compounds of Group G.

[0197] In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine.

[0198] In some cases, the total amount of VOCs in the coffee replica may be greater than the total amount of VOCs in the reference coffee. For example, the coffee replica may have a total VOC content of at least 100 mg / L or more (e.g., 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000 mg / L or more). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may have a total VOC content from Group A VOCs of at least 100 mg / L or more (e.g., 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000 mg / L or more). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may have a total VOC content from Group B VOCs that is at least 100 mg / L or more (e.g., 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000 mg / L or more). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may have a total VOC content from Group C VOCs that is at least 100 mg / L or more (e.g., 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000 mg / L or more).

[0199] Non-volatile compounds The coffee replica described herein may in some cases contain at least one non-volatile compound that is not present in the corresponding reference coffee.Non-limiting examples of non-volatile compounds that may not be present in the corresponding reference coffee include acetovanillone, adipic acid, AMP, arginine, carnosine, cinnamic acid, citrulline, CMP, coumaric acid, cysteine, cystine, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, GABA, glucosamine, glutamine, guanine, hesperetin, histidine, isoleucine, kynurenic acid, leucine, lysine, mannose, methionine, methyl gallate, ornithine, pantothenic acid, pipecolic acid, piperine, polydatin, pyridoxine, quercetin, resveratrol, rutin, sinapic acid, sorbic acid, syringaldehyde, threonine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, tryptophan, tyramine, tyrosine, and mixtures thereof. Thus, in some embodiments, the coffee replica may comprise one or more (e.g., at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, or 40) compounds selected from the group consisting of acetovanillone, adipic acid, AMP, arginine, carnosine, cinnamic acid, citrulline, CMP, coumaric acid, cysteine, cystine, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, GABA, glucosamine, glutamine, guanine, hesperetin, histidine, isoleucine, kynurenic acid, leucine, lysine, mannose, methionine, methyl gallate, ornithine, pantothenic acid, pipecolic acid, piperine, polydatin, pyridoxine, quercetin, resveratrol, rutin, sinapic acid, sorbic acid, syringaldehyde, threonine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, tryptophan, tyramine, and tyrosine.

[0200] The coffee replica herein may in some cases exclude one or more non-volatile compounds present in the corresponding reference coffee.Non-limiting examples of compounds present in the reference coffee include 2(5H)-furanone, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-2-hydroxybutyric acid, 2-furoic acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-methoxycinnamic acid, 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, adenine, arabitol, betaine, Caffeic acid, caffeine, choline, citric acid, cytidine, D-gluconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, fructose, galactose, glucose, glutamic acid, hydroxymethylfurfural, lactic acid, malic acid, mannitol, methyl-2-pyrrolyl ketone, inositol, pyruvic acid, quinic acid, sorbitol, sotolone, succinic acid, syringic acid, tartaric acid, tryptamine, uracil, vanillic acid, and combinations thereof. Thus, in some embodiments, the coffee replica contains 2(5H)-furanone, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-2-hydroxybutyric acid, 2-furoic acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-methoxycinnamic acid, 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, adenine, arabitol, betaine, caffeic acid, caffeine, choline, citric acid, cytidine, D-glucose, glycerol ... The nucleic acid may lack one or more (e.g., at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, or 40) compounds selected from the group consisting of: luconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, fructose, galactose, glucose, glutamic acid, hydroxymethylfurfural, lactic acid, malic acid, mannitol, methyl-2-pyrrolyl ketone, inositol, pyruvic acid, quinic acid, sorbitol, sotolone, succinic acid, syringic acid, tartaric acid, tryptamine, uracil, and vanillic acid.In some embodiments, the coffee replica may lack one or more (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, or 30) compounds selected from the group consisting of 2(5H)-furanone, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-2-hydroxybutyric acid, 2-furoic acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-methoxycinnamic acid, 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, adenine, arabitol, betaine, caffeic acid, cytidine, D-gluconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, fructose, galactose, glucose, glutamic acid, hydroxymethylfurfural, malic acid, mannitol, methyl-2-pyrrolyl ketone, inositol, pyruvic acid, quinic acid, sorbitol, syringic acid, tartaric acid, tryptamine, and uracil.

[0201] The non-volatile compounds present in the coffee replica may include compounds in a first category set including: acids; amino acids or derivatives thereof; sugars or sugar alcohols; xanthines (e.g., caffeine or theobromine); fats or waxes; starches, fibers, gums, or polysaccharides; tannins, polyphenols, or anthocyanins; pH modifiers; colorants; surfactants or emulsifiers; minerals or metals; preservatives (e.g., sodium benzoate), antioxidants; or proteins or peptides. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include acids, amino acids or derivatives thereof, sugars or sugar alcohols, tannins, polyphenols, or anthocyanins, and proteins or peptides.

[0202] The non-volatile compounds present in the coffee replica may include compounds in a second category set including: acids; aldehydes; alkaloids; amines; amino acids; furans; ketones; lactones; nucleotides, nucleotide monophosphates, or nucleic acid bases; proteins or peptides; pyrazines; pyridines; sugars or sugar alcohols; tannins; phenols, polyphenols, or anthocyanins; or xanthines. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include one or more of: acids, aldehydes, alkaloids, amines, amino acids, furans, ketones, lactones, nucleotides, nucleotide monophosphates, or nucleic acid bases, proteins or peptides, pyrazines, pyridines, sugars or sugar alcohols, tannins, phenols, polyphenols, or anthocyanins, xanthines, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include at least one non-volatile compound from each of at least three of the following categories (e.g., at least 4, at least 5, at least 5, at least 7, at least 8, at least 9, at least 10, at least 15, 3-15, 3-10, 3-5, 5-14, 5-10, 10-15, or 10-16): acids, aldehydes, alkaloids, amines, amino acids, furans, ketones, lactones, nucleotides, nucleotide monophosphates, or nucleic acid bases, proteins or peptides, pyrazines, pyridines, sugars or sugar alcohols, tannins, phenols, polyphenols, or anthocyanins, or xanthines. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include acids, aldehydes, amino acids, lactones, pyrazines, tannins, phenols, polyphenols, or anthocyanins, and xanthines.

[0203] It will be understood that any of these elements may be provided in any suitable form. For example, it will be understood that amino acids may be provided in the form of a salt (e.g., an HCl salt). It will also be understood that when stereochemistry is not specified, any and all stereoisomers may be used.

[0204] In some embodiments, the coffee replica (eg, the coffee drink replica) may be free of preservatives.

[0205] Amino acids (e.g., including derivatives thereof) that may be present in the coffee replicas provided herein include, but are not limited to, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, β-alanine, betaine, carnitine, choline, citrulline, cysteine, cystine, GABA, glutamine, glycine, histidine, homoserine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, ornithine, phenylalanine, pipecolic acid, proline, serine, threonine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, tryptophan, tyrosine, valine, and any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may comprise one or more (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, or 25) amino acids selected from the group consisting of arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, β-alanine, betaine, carnitine, choline, citrulline, cysteine, cystine, GABA, glutamine, glycine, histidine, homoserine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, ornithine, phenylalanine, pipecolic acid, proline, serine, threonine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, tryptophan, tyrosine, and valine. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may comprise aspartic acid, choline, or both. The amino acids may be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, the amino acids may be present in an amount of about 2 to about 90 mg / L (e.g., about 2 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 50 mg / L, about 50 to about 90 mg / L, about 10 to about 30 mg / L, about 30 to about 50 mg / L, about 50 to about 70 mg / L, or about 70 to about 90 mg / L). The amino acids may comprise any suitable percentage of the total non-volatile compound content. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of amino acids. In some embodiments, the amino acids may be provided as L-stereoisomers.

[0206] Examples of acids that may be included in the coffee replica include, but are not limited to, 2-furoic acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-guanidinobutyric acid, 4-methoxycinnamic acid, adipic acid, caffeic acid, cinnamic acid, citric acid, coumaric acid, D-gluconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, DL-hydroxystearic acid, fumaric acid, glutamic acid, kynurenic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, pantothenic acid, pyruvic acid, quinic acid, sorbic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, and any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include one or more (e.g., at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, or 20) acids selected from the group consisting of 2-furoic acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-guanidinobutyric acid, 4-methoxycinnamic acid, adipic acid, caffeic acid, cinnamic acid, citric acid, coumaric acid, D-gluconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, DL-hydroxystearic acid, fumaric acid, glutamic acid, kynurenic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, pantothenic acid, pyruvic acid, quinic acid, sorbic acid, succinic acid, and tartaric acid. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include one or more (e.g., 2 or 3) acids selected from the group consisting of citric acid, lactic acid, and succinic acid. The acids may be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, the acid may be present in an amount of about 8 mg / L to about 2.2 g / L (e.g., about 8 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 50 mg / L, about 50 to about 100 mg / L, about 100 to about 500 mg / L, about 500 mg / L to about 1 g / L, about 1 g / L to about 2 g / L, or about 1.0 g / L to about 2.2 g / L). The acid may comprise any suitable percentage of the total non-volatile compound content. Any suitable number of acids may be used, for example, 1 to 3, at least 2, or at least 3 acids may be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of acid.

[0207] Examples of aldehydes that can be used in the coffee replica include, but are not limited to, vanillin. The aldehyde can be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, the aldehyde can be present in an amount of about 0.08 mg / L to about 40 mg / L (e.g., about 0.08 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 40 mg / L, about 10 to about 20 mg / L, about 20 to about 30 mg / L, about 30 to about 40 mg / L, about 10 to about 30 mg / L, or about 20 to about 40 mg / L). In some embodiments, the aldehydes may be present in an amount of at least about 0.25 mg / L (e.g., at least about 0.3 mg / L, 0.4 mg / L, 0.5 mg / L, 1 mg / L, 2 mg / L, 3 mg / L, 4 mg / L, 5 mg / L, 10 mg / L, 15 mg / L, 20 mg / L, 25 mg / L, 30 mg / L, or 35 mg / L). The aldehydes may comprise any suitable percentage of the non-volatile compound content. Any suitable number of aldehydes may be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of aldehydes.

[0208] Examples of alkaloids that may be used in the coffee replica include, but are not limited to, piperine. The alkaloids may be present in any suitable amount. The alkaloids may account for any suitable percentage of the non-volatile compound content. Any suitable number of alkaloids may be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of alkaloids.

[0209] Examples of amines that may be used in the coffee replica include, but are not limited to, tryptamine. The amines may be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, the amines may be present in an amount of about 0.05 to about 0.2 mg / L (e.g., about 0.05 to about 0.1 mg / L or 0.1 to about 0.2 mg / L). The amines may comprise any suitable percentage of the non-volatile compound content. Any suitable number of amines may be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of amines.

[0210] Examples of furans that may be used in the coffee replica include, but are not limited to, hydroxymethylfurfural. The furans may be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, the furans may be present in an amount of about 10 to about 20 mg / L (e.g., about 10 to about 15 mg / L or about 15 to about 20 mg / L). The furans may comprise any suitable percentage of the non-volatile compound content. Any suitable number of furans may be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of furans.

[0211] Examples of ketones that can be used in the coffee replica include, but are not limited to, 2(5H)-furanone, 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, acetovanillone, and methyl-2-pyrrolyl ketone. In some embodiments, the coffee replica can include one or more (e.g., at least two, three, or four) ketones selected from the group consisting of 2(5H)-furanone, 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, acetovanillone, and methyl-2-pyrrolyl ketone. The ketones can be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, the ketones may be present in an amount of about 0.008 to about 65 mg / L (e.g., about 0.008 to about 0.05 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.05 mg / L, about 0.05 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 50 mg / L, about 10 to about 65 mg / L, about 10 to about 30 mg / L, about 30 to about 50 mg / L, about 20 to about 40 mg / L, about 40 to about 60 mg / L, or about 40 to about 65 mg / L). The ketones may make up any suitable percentage of the non-volatile compound content. Any suitable number of ketones may be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of ketones.

[0212] Examples of lactones that can be used in the coffee replica include, but are not limited to, sotolone. The lactones can be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, the lactones can be present in an amount of about 0.1 to about 85 mg / L (e.g., about 0.1 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 50 mg / L, about 50 to about 85 mg / L, about 10 to about 30 mg / L, about 30 to about 50 mg / L, about 50 to about 70 mg / L, about 70 to about 85 mg / L, about 20 to about 40 mg / L, about 40 to about 60 mg / L, about 60 to about 80 mg / L, or about 60 to about 85 mg / L). The lactones can make up any suitable percentage of the non-volatile compound content. Any suitable number of lactones can be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be lactone-free.

[0213] Examples of nucleotides, nucleotide monophosphates, or nucleobases that can be used in the coffee replica include, but are not limited to, adenine, AMP, CMP, cytidine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil. In some embodiments, the coffee replica can include one or more (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7) nucleotides, nucleotide monophosphates, or nucleobases selected from the group consisting of adenine, AMP, CMP, cytidine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil. The nucleotides, nucleotide monophosphates, or nucleobases can be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, the nucleotides, nucleotide monophosphates, or nucleobases can be present in an amount of about 0.7 to about 5 mg / L (e.g., about 0.7 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 1 to about 3 mg / L, or about 3 to about 5 mg / L). The nucleotides, nucleotide monophosphates, or nucleobases can account for any suitable percentage of the non-volatile compound content. Any suitable number of nucleotides, nucleotide monophosphates, or nucleobases can be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of nucleotides, nucleotide monophosphates, or nucleobases.

[0214] Examples of pyrazines that can be used in the coffee replica include, but are not limited to, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, and 2,3-dimethylpyrazine. In some embodiments, the coffee replica can include one or more (e.g., two or three) pyrazines selected from the group consisting of 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, and 2,3-dimethylpyrazine. In some embodiments, the coffee replica can include 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, or both. The pyrazines can be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, pyrazines may be present in an amount of about 0.000007 to about 24 mg / L (e.g., 0.000007 to about 0.00001 mg / L, about 0.00001 to about 0.0001 mg / L, about 0.0001 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 20 mg / L, about 10 to about 24 mg / L, or about 15 to about 24 mg / L). Pyrazines may account for any suitable percentage of the non-volatile compound content. Any suitable number of pyrazines may be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of pyrazines.

[0215] Examples of pyridines that may be used in the coffee replica include, but are not limited to, pyridine and pyroxidine. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include pyridine, pyroxidine, or both. The pyridines may be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, the pyridines may be present in an amount of about 0.4 to about 60 mg / L (e.g., about 0.4 to about 1 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 50 mg / L, about 10 to about 60 mg / L, about 10 to about 30 mg / L, about 30 to about 50 mg / L, about 20 to about 40 mg / L, or about 40 to about 60 mg / L). The pyridines may account for any suitable percentage of the non-volatile compound content. Any suitable number of pyridines may be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of pyridines.

[0216] Examples of sugars or sugar alcohols that can be used in the coffee replica include, but are not limited to, arabitol, fructose, galactose, glucosamine, glucose, mannitol, mannose, inositol (e.g., myo-inositol), rhamnose, ribose, sorbitol, xylose, and any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the coffee replica can include one or more (e.g., at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, or 12) sugars or sugar alcohols selected from the group consisting of arabitol, fructose, galactose, glucosamine, glucose, mannitol, mannose, inositol, rhamnose, ribose, sorbitol, and xylose. The sugars or sugar alcohols can be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, the sugar or sugar alcohol may be present in an amount of about 50 to about 550 mg / L (e.g., about 50 to about 100 mg / L, about 100 to about 500 mg / L, about 100 to about 550 mg / L, about 100 to about 300 mg / L, about 300 to about 500 mg / L, about 300 to about 550 mg / L, or about 200 to about 400 mg / L). The sugar or sugar alcohol may comprise any suitable percentage of the non-volatile compound content. Any suitable number of sugars or sugar alcohols may be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of sugars or sugar alcohols.

[0217] Examples of sugars that can be used in the coffee replica include, but are not limited to, fructose, galactose, glucosamine, glucose, mannose, rhamnose, ribose, xylose, and any combination thereof.

[0218] Sugar alcohols that may be present in the coffee replica include, but are not limited to, arabitol, inositol (eg, myo-inositol), mannitol, sorbitol, and any combination thereof.

[0219] Examples of tannins, phenols, polyphenols, or anthocyanins that may be used in the coffee replicas include, but are not limited to, catechin, ellagic acid, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, gallic acid, hesperetin, methyl gallate, polydatin, propyl gallate, quercetin, resveratrol, rutin, salicylic acid, sinapic acid, syringaldehyde, syringic acid, trans-ferulic acid, tyramine, and vanillic acid. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include one or more (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, or 18) tannins, phenols, polyphenols, or anthocyanins selected from the group consisting of catechin, ellagic acid, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, gallic acid, hesperetin, methyl gallate, polydatin, propyl gallate, quercetin, resveratrol, rutin, salicylic acid, sinapic acid, syringaldehyde, syringic acid, trans-ferulic acid, tyramine, and vanillic acid. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include trans-ferulic acid, vanillic acid, or both. The tannins, phenols, polyphenols, or anthocyanins may be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, the tannins, phenols, polyphenols, or anthocyanins may be present in an amount of about 15 to about 55 mg / L (e.g., about 15 to about 20 mg / L, about 15 to about 25 mg / L, about 25 to about 50 mg / L, about 25 to about 55 mg / L, about 20 to about 40 mg / L, about 30 to about 50 mg / L, or about 30 to about 55 mg / L). The tannins, phenols, polyphenols, or anthocyanins may comprise any suitable percentage of the non-volatile compound content. Any suitable number of tannins, phenols, polyphenols, or anthocyanins may be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of tannins, phenols, polyphenols, or anthocyanins.

[0220] Examples of xanthines that may be used in the coffee replica include, but are not limited to, caffeine. The xanthines may be present in any suitable amount. In some embodiments, the xanthines may be present in an amount of about 100 to about 300 mg / L (e.g., about 100 to about 200 mg / L, about 150 to about 250 mg / L, or about 200 to about 300 mg / L). The xanthines may make up any suitable percentage of the non-volatile compound content. Any suitable number of xanthines may be used. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of xanthines.

[0221] Examples of proteins or peptides that can be used in coffee replica include, but are not limited to, carnosine.Proteins or peptides can be present in any suitable amount.Proteins or peptides can occupy any suitable percentage of non-volatile compound content.Any suitable number of proteins or peptides can be used.In some embodiments, coffee replica can be free of proteins or peptides.

[0222] Colorants that may be used in the coffee replicas provided herein include, but are not limited to, natural colorants derived from fruits and vegetables such as sugar beet, carrot, and cabbage (e.g., annatto extract, sugar beet extract, beta-carotene, caramel, carmine (cochineal extract), elderberry extract, grape skin extract (enocyanin), paprika, saffron, titanium dioxide, and turmeric), as well as synthetic colors (e.g., FD+C / synthetic colors).

[0223] In some cases, the amount of a particular non-volatile compound in a coffee replica may differ from the amount of that non-volatile compound in a corresponding reference coffee. In some cases, the amount of a non-volatile compound in a coffee replica may be 75% or less (e.g., 70% or less, 60% or less, 50% or less, 40% or less, 30% or less, 20% or less, or 10% or less) in concentration or weight percentage of the amount of that non-volatile compound in the corresponding reference coffee. In some cases, the amount of a non-volatile compound in a coffee replica may be 125% or more (e.g., 150% or more, 200% or more, or 300% or more) in concentration or weight percentage of the amount of that non-volatile compound in the corresponding reference coffee.

[0224] In some cases, the total amount of non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica (eg, mg per liter of coffee replica beverage) may be less than the total amount of non-volatile compounds in the reference coffee.

[0225] In some embodiments, the non-volatile compounds may be placed into various groups and the coffee replica may contain certain non-volatile compounds according to the group.

[0226] In certain cases, for example, "Group D" includes 2(5H)-furanone, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-2-hydroxybutyric acid, 2-furoic acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-guanidinobutyric acid, 4-methoxycinnamic acid, 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, acetovanillone, adenine, adipic acid, AMP, , arabitol, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, β-alanine, betaine, caffeic acid, caffeine, carnitine, carnosine, catechin, choline, cinnamic acid, citric acid, citrulline, CMP, coumaric acid, cysteine, cystine, cytidine, cytosine, D-gluconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, DL-hydroxystearic acid, ellagic acid, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, fructose, fumaric acid, GABA, galactose, gallic acid, glucuronic acid, Glucosamine, glucose, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, guanine, hesperetin, histidine, homoserine, hydroxymethylfurfural, isoleucine, kynurenic acid, lactic acid, leucine, lysine, malic acid, mannitol, mannose, methionine, methyl gallate, methyl-2-pyrrolyl ketone, inositol, ornithine, pantothenic acid, phenylalanine, pipecolic acid, piperine, polydatin, proline, propyl gallate, pyridinyl The coffee replica may include at least 5 (e.g., at least 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20) compounds from group D.

[0227] In certain cases, for example, "Group E" may include 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, aspartic acid, caffeine, choline, citric acid, lactic acid, sotolone, succinic acid, trans-ferulic acid, vanillic acid, and vanillin. Thus, in some embodiments, the coffee replica may include at least 5 (e.g., at least 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12) compounds from Group E. In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include compounds from Group E.

[0228] In some cases, the coffee replica may have a total non-volatile compound content that is about 500 to about 1500 mg / L (e.g., about 500 to about 700 mg / L, about 700 to about 900 mg / L, about 900 to about 1100 mg / L, about 1100 to about 1300 mg / L, or about 1300 to about 1500 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may have a total non-volatile compound content from Group D non-volatile compounds that is about 500 to about 1500 mg / L (e.g., about 500 to about 700 mg / L, about 700 to about 900 mg / L, about 900 to about 1100 mg / L, about 1100 to about 1300 mg / L, or about 1300 to about 1500 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica can have a total non-volatile compound content from Group E non-volatile compounds that is about 500 to about 1500 mg / L (e.g., about 500 to about 700 mg / L, about 700 to about 900 mg / L, about 900 to about 1100 mg / L, about 1100 to about 1300 mg / L, or about 1300 to about 1500 mg / L).

[0229] The coffee replica may include any suitable number of non-volatile compounds. For example, the coffee replica may include 1-100 species (e.g., at least 5, at least 10, at least 20, at least 30, at least 40, at least 50, 1-90, 1-80, 1-70, 1-60, 1-50, 1-40, 1-30, 1-20, 1-10, 1-5, 5-100, 5-90, 5-80, 5-70, 5-60, 5-40, 5-30, 5-20, 5-10, 10-100, 10-90, 10-90, 10-70, 10-60, 10 20-50, 10-40, 10-30, 10-20, 20-100, 20-90, 20-80, 20-70, 20-60, 20-50, 20-40, 20-30, 30-100, 30-90, 30-80, 30-70, 30-60, 30-50, 30-40, 40-100, 40-90, 40-80, 40-70, 40-60, 40-50, 50-100, 50-90, 50-80, 50-70, or 50-60 non-volatile compounds. In some cases, the number of non-volatile compounds in the coffee may be less than the number of non-volatile compounds in a single reference coffee.

[0230] In some cases, the entire population of non-volatile compounds in a coffee may have less than 95% identity to the non-volatile compounds in a corresponding reference coffee (e.g., a single region, a single variety, cultivar, or packaging unit (e.g., bag)). For example, the non-volatile compounds in a coffee replica may have less than 95%, less than 90%, less than 85%, less than 80%, less than 70%, less than 60%, less than 50%, or less than 40% identity to the population of non-volatile compounds in the corresponding reference coffee. Some coffee replicas may contain at least 10 (e.g., at least 15, at least 20, at least 25, at least 30) non-volatile compounds not found in a single reference coffee. For example, in some embodiments, a coffee replica can have at least m non-volatile compounds, where less than m (e.g., m-1, m-2, m-3, m-4, m-5, m-6, m-7, m-8, m-9, m-10, m-15, m-20, etc., as applicable) of the non-volatile compounds are found in a single reference coffee; in some embodiments, m is equal to 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25, 30, 35, or 40.

[0231] Example 2 shows the amount of non-volatile compounds detected in traditional coffee samples. In some embodiments, the amount of a particular non-volatile compound in the coffee replica is within 30% above or below the amount disclosed for that non-volatile compound, based on concentration or composition percentage. For example, a non-volatile compound may be present in the coffee replica in an amount of 70-90%, 80-100%, 90-110%, 100-120%, 110-130%, 70-100%, 80-110%, 90-120%, or 100-130% of the amount disclosed for that non-volatile compound in traditional coffee.

[0232] In some embodiments, the non-volatile compounds may include one or more (e.g., 1-2, 1-3, 1-5, 1-10, 1-15, 1-20, 1-25, 1-28, 5-10, 10-15, 10-20, 15-20, 20-28, 20-25, or 25-28) of 2-furoic acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, arabitol, aspartic acid, betaine, citric acid, D-glucuronic acid, fructose, galactose, gallic acid, glucose, glutamic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, mannitol, inositol, phenylalanine, pyruvic acid, quinic acid, sorbitol, succinic acid, tartaric acid, valine, ribose, rhamnose, and xylose.

[0233] In some embodiments, the coffee replica may exclude one or more non-volatile compounds according to group. In some cases, "Group H" may include 2-furoic acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, arabitol, aspartic acid, betaine, citric acid, D-glucuronic acid, fructose, galactose, gallic acid, glucose, glutamic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, mannitol, inositol, phenylalanine, pyruvic acid, quinic acid, sorbitol, succinic acid, tartaric acid, and valine. Thus, provided herein is a coffee replica that is free of at least one non-volatile compound (e.g., at least 2, at least 3, at least 5, at least 10, at least 15, at least 20, 1-25, 1-20, 1-15, 1-10, 1-5, 1-3, 3-25, 3-15, 3-10, 3-5, 5-25, 5-20, 5-15, 5-10, 10-25, 10-20, 10-15, 15-25, 15-20, or 20-25) selected from the group consisting of Group H compounds.

[0234] In some embodiments, the coffee replica may include one or more non-volatiles according to group. In some cases, "Group I" may include arginine, asparagine, β-alanine, carnitine, carnosine, citrulline, cystine, fumaric acid, GABA, glucosamine, glutamine, glycine, histidine, homoserine, isoleucine, kynurenic acid, leucine, lysine, mannose, methionine, ornithine, pipecolic acid, proline, serine, threonine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, tryptophan, and tyrosine. Thus, provided herein is a coffee replica comprising at least one (e.g., at least 2, at least 3, at least 5, at least 10, at least 15, at least 20, at least 28, 1-28, 1-25, 1-20, 1-15, 1-10, 1-5, 1-3, 3-28, 3-25, 3-15, 3-10, 3-5, 5-28, 5-25, 5-20, 5-15, 5-10, 10-28, 10-25, 10-20, 10-15, 15-28, 15-25, 15-20, 20-28, 20-25, or 25-28) non-volatile compound selected from the group consisting of Group I compounds.

[0235] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee beverage replica may include 2-furoic acid. In some embodiments, 2-furoic acid may be present in an amount of about 0.5 mg / L to about 42 mg / L (e.g., about 0.5 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 1 to about 3 mg / L, about 3 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 20 mg / L, about 20 to about 40 mg / L, about 20 to about 42 mg / L, about 10 to about 30 mg / L, about 20 to about 30 mg / L, about 30 to about 40 mg / L, or about 30 to about 42 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee beverage replica may not include 2-furoic acid.

[0236] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee beverage replica may include 2-isopropyl malic acid. In some embodiments, 2-isopropyl malic acid may be present in an amount of about 0.05 mg / L to about 0.25 mg / L (e.g., about 0.05 to about 0.10 mg / L, about 0.10 to about 0.15 mg / L, about 0.15 to about 0.20 mg / L, about 0.20 to about 0.25 mg / L, about 0.05 to about 0.15 mg / L, about 0.10 to about 0.20 mg / L, or about 0.15 to about 0.25 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee beverage replica may not include 2-isopropyl malic acid.

[0237] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee beverage replica may include 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid. In some embodiments, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid may be present in an amount of about 0.0003 mg / L to about 0.5 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0003 to about 0.0005 mg / L, about 0.0005 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.005 mg / L, about 0.005 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.01 to about 0.05 mg / L, about 0.05 to about 0.1 mg / L, or about 0.1 to about 0.5 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee beverage replica may be free of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid.

[0238] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee beverage replica may include arabitol. In some embodiments, arabitol may be present in an amount of about 1.2 mg / L to about 9.2 mg / L (e.g., about 1.2 to about 5 mg / L, about 2 to about 5 mg / L, about 3 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 7 mg / L, about 7 to about 9 mg / L, about 7.0 to about 9.2 mg / L, about 5 to about 9 mg / L, or about 5.0 to about 9.2 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee beverage replica may be free of arabitol.

[0239] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include aspartic acid. In some embodiments, the aspartic acid may be present in an amount of about 13 mg / L to about 25 mg / L (e.g., about 13 to about 15 mg / L, about 15 to about 17 mg / L, about 17 to about 19 mg / L, about 19 to about 21 mg / L, about 21 to about 23 mg / L, or about 23 to about 25 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of aspartic acid.

[0240] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include betaine. In some embodiments, betaine may be present in an amount of about 0.3 mg / L to about 2.8 mg / L (e.g., about 0.3 to about 0.7 mg / L, about 0.7 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 1.3 mg / L, about 1.3 to about 1.7 mg / L, about 1.7 to about 2 mg / L, about 2 to about 2.4 mg / L, or about 2.4 to about 2.8 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of betaine.

[0241] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include carnitine. In some embodiments, carnitine may be present in an amount of about 0.1 mg / L to about 0.25 mg / L (e.g., about 0.1 to about 0.125 mg / L, about 0.125 to about 0.15 mg / L, about 0.15 to about 0.175 mg / L, about 0.175 to about 0.2 mg / L, about 0.2 to about 0.225 mg / L, or about 0.225 to about 0.25 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of carnitine.

[0242] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee beverage replica may include citric acid. In some embodiments, citric acid is present in an amount of about 25 mg / L to about 1.2 g / L (e.g., about 25 to about 35 mg / L, about 35 to about 45 mg / L, about 45 to about 55 mg / L, about 55 to about 65 mg / L, about 65 to about 75 mg / L, about 75 to about 85 mg / L, about 25 to about 40 mg / L, about 40 to about 80 mg / L, about 30 to about 50 mg / L, about 50 to about 80 mg / L, about 50 to about 85 mg / L, about 40 to about 85 mg / L, about 25 to about 50 mg / L, about 50 to about 100 mg / L). / L, about 100 to about 500 mg / L, about 500 mg / L to about 1 g / L, about 500 mg / L to about 1.2 g / L, about 100 to about 300 mg / L, about 300 to about 500 mg / L, about 500 to about 700 mg / L, about 700 to about 900 mg / L, about 900 mg / L to about 1.1 g / L, about 200 to about 400 mg / L, about 400 to about 600 mg / L, about 600 to about 800 mg / L, about 800 mg / L to about 1 g / L, or about 1.0 to about 1.2 g / L). In some embodiments, the coffee beverage replica may be free of citric acid.

[0243] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include D-glucuronic acid. In some embodiments, D-glucuronic acid may be present in an amount of about 0.6 mg / L to about 1.8 mg / L (e.g., about 0.6 to about 0.8 mg / L, about 0.8 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 1.2 mg / L, about 1.2 to about 1.4 mg / L, about 1.4 to about 1.6 mg / L, or about 1.6 to about 1.8 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of D-glucuronic acid.

[0244] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee beverage replica may include fructose. In some embodiments, fructose may be present in an amount of about 4 mg / L to about 210 mg / L (e.g., about 4 to about 10 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 50 mg / L, about 50 to about 100 mg / L, about 100 to about 200 mg / L, or about 100 to about 210 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee beverage replica may be free of fructose.

[0245] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include fumaric acid. In some embodiments, fumaric acid may be present in an amount of about 2 mg / L to about 14 mg / L (e.g., about 2 to about 4 mg / L, about 4 to about 6 mg / L, about 6 to about 8 mg / L, about 8 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 12 mg / L, or about 12 to about 14 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of fumaric acid.

[0246] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee beverage replica may include galactose. In some embodiments, galactose may be present in an amount of about 1 mg / L to about 120 mg / L (e.g., about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 50 mg / L, about 50 to about 100 mg / L, about 50 to about 120 mg / L, or about 100 to about 120 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee beverage replica may be free of galactose.

[0247] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee beverage replica may include glucose. In some embodiments, glucose may be present in an amount of about 5 mg / L to about 170 mg / L (e.g., about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 50 mg / L, about 50 to about 100 mg / L, about 100 to about 170 mg / L, or about 50 to about 170 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee beverage replica may be free of glucose.

[0248] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include glutamic acid. In some embodiments, glutamic acid may be present in an amount of about 0.1 mg / L to about 1.2 mg / L (e.g., about 0.1 to about 0.3 mg / L, about 0.3 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 0.7 mg / L, about 0.6 to about 0.8 mg / L, about 0.8 to about 1 mg / L, or about 1 to about 1.2 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of glutamic acid.

[0249] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee beverage replica may include lactic acid. In some embodiments, lactic acid may be present in an amount of about 6 mg / L to about 130 mg / L (e.g., about 6 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 15 mg / L, about 15 to about 20 mg / L, about 20 to about 25 mg / L, about 20 to about 26 mg / L, about 10 to about 20 mg / L, about 15 to about 25 mg / L, about 10 to about 50 mg / L, about 50 to about 100 mg / L, about 50 to about 130 mg / L, about 10 to about 30 mg / L, about 30 to about 50 mg / L, about 50 to about 70 mg / L, about 70 to about 90 mg / L, about 90 to about 110 mg / L, or about 110 to about 130 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee beverage replica may not include lactic acid.

[0250] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee beverage replica may include malic acid. In some embodiments, malic acid may be present in an amount of about 30 mg / L to about 415 mg / L (e.g., about 30 to about 65 mg / L, about 65 to about 130 mg / L, about 30 to about 50 mg / L, about 50 to about 70 mg / L, about 70 to about 90 mg / L, about 40 to about 60 mg / L, about 60 to about 80 mg / L, about 80 to about 100 mg / L, about 50 to about 100 mg / L, about 100 to about 400 mg / L, about 100 to about 415 mg / L, about 100 to about 300 mg / L, about 200 to about 400 mg / L, or about 200 to about 415 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee beverage replica may not include malic acid.

[0251] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee beverage replica may include mannitol. In some embodiments, mannitol may be present in an amount of about 4 mg / L to about 20 mg / L (e.g., about 4 to about 10 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 15 mg / L, about 15 to about 20 mg / L, about 5 to about 15 mg / L, or about 10 to about 20 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee beverage replica may be free of mannitol.

[0252] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee beverage replica may include inositol (e.g., myo-inositol). In some embodiments, inositol may be present in an amount of about 20 mg / L to about 55 mg / L (e.g., about 20 to about 30 mg / L, about 30 to about 40 mg / L, about 40 to about 50 mg / L, about 40 to about 55 mg / L, about 50 to about 55 mg / L, about 20 to about 40 mg / L, about 30 to about 50 mg / L, or about 30 to about 55 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee beverage replica may not include inositol.

[0253] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee beverage replica may include phenylalanine. In some embodiments, phenylalanine may be present in an amount of about 9 mg / L to about 30 mg / L (e.g., about 9 to about 15 mg / L, about 9 to about 20 mg / L, about 10 to about 15 mg / L, about 10 to about 20 mg / L, about 15 to about 20 mg / L, about 20 to about 25 mg / L, about 25 to about 30 mg / L, about 10 to about 20 mg / L, about 15 to about 25 mg / L, or about 20 to about 30 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee beverage replica may not include phenylalanine.

[0254] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee beverage replica may include pyruvic acid. In some embodiments, pyruvic acid may be present in an amount of about 1 mg / L to about 17 mg / L (e.g., about 1 to about 2 mg / L, about 2 to about 3 mg / L, about 3 to about 4 mg / L, about 1 to about 3 mg / L, about 2 to about 4 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 17 mg / L, about 10 to about 15 mg / L, about 5 to about 15 mg / L, or about 5 to about 17 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee beverage replica may not include pyruvic acid.

[0255] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include quinic acid. In some embodiments, quinic acid may be present in an amount of about 70 mg / L to about 300 mg / L (e.g., about 70 to about 100 mg / L, about 100 to about 150 mg / L, about 150 to about 200 mg / L, about 200 to about 250 mg / L, or about 250 to about 300 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of quinic acid.

[0256] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee beverage replica may include rhamnose. In some embodiments, rhamnose may be present in an amount of about 12 mg / L to about 30 mg / L (e.g., about 12 to about 15 mg / L, about 12 to about 20 mg / L, about 15 to about 20 mg / L, about 20 to about 25 mg / L, about 25 to about 30 mg / L, about 15 to about 25 mg / L, or about 20 to about 30 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee beverage replica may be free of rhamnose.

[0257] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee beverage replica may include ribose. In some embodiments, ribose may be present in an amount of about 0.4 mg / L to about 8.5 mg / L (e.g., about 0.4 to about 1 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 8 mg / L, about 5.0 to about 8.5 mg / L, about 1 to about 2 mg / L, about 2 to about 4 mg / L, about 4 to about 6 mg / L, about 6 to about 8 mg / L, or about 6.0 to about 8.5 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee beverage replica may not include ribose.

[0258] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee beverage replica may include sorbitol. In some embodiments, sorbitol may be present in an amount of about 7 mg / L to about 26 mg / L (e.g., about 7 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 15 mg / L, about 15 to about 20 mg / L, about 20 to about 25 mg / L, about 20 to about 26 mg / L, about 10 to about 20 mg / L, about 15 to about 25 mg / L, or about 15 to about 26 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee beverage replica may be free of sorbitol.

[0259] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee beverage replica may include succinic acid. In some embodiments, succinic acid may be present in an amount of about 1.8 mg / L to about 35 mg / L (e.g., about 1.8 to about 2.0 mg / L, about 2 to about 5 mg / L, about 2 to about 4 mg / L, about 3 to about 5 mg / L, about 2 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 5 to about 15 mg / L, about 5 to about 20 mg / L, about 10 to about 20 mg / L, about 20 to about 30 mg / L, or about 20 to about 35 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee beverage replica may not include succinic acid.

[0260] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee beverage replica may include valine. In some embodiments, valine may be present in an amount of about 17 mg / L to about 60 mg / L (e.g., about 17 to about 20 mg / L, about 20 to about 40 mg / L, about 30 to about 50 mg / L, or about 40 to about 60 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee beverage replica may be free of valine.

[0261] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee beverage replica may include xylose. In some embodiments, xylose may be present in an amount of about 3.5 mg / L to about 11 mg / L (e.g., about 3.5 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 5 to about 11 mg / L, about 5 to about 7 mg / L, about 7 to about 9 mg / L, or about 9 to about 11 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee beverage replica may be free of xylose.

[0262] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include 2(5H)-furanone. In some embodiments, the 2(5H)-furanone may be present in an amount of about 0.1 mg / L to about 0.2 mg / L (e.g., about 0.1 to about 0.12 mg / L, about 0.12 to about 0.14 mg / L, about 0.14 to about 0.16 mg / L, about 0.16 to about 0.18 mg / L, or about 0.18 to about 0.2 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2(5H)-furanone.

[0263] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine. In some embodiments, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine may be present in an amount of about 0.0009 mg / L to about 0.002 mg / L (e.g., about 0.0009 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.0012 mg / L, about 0.0012 to about 0.0014 mg / L, about 0.0014 to about 0.0016 mg / L, about 0.016 to about 0.0018 mg / L, or about 0.0018 to about 0.002 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine.

[0264] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine. In some embodiments, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine may be present in an amount of about 0.000001 mg / L to about 0.4 mg / L (e.g., about 0.000001 to about 0.00001 mg / L, about 0.00001 to about 0.0001 mg / L, about 0.0001 to about 0.001 mg / L, about 0.001 to about 0.01 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.2 mg / L, about 0.2 to about 0.3 mg / L, or about 0.3 to about 0.4 mg / L). In some embodiments, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine may be present in an amount of less than about 0.006 mg / L (e.g., less than about 0.005 mg / L, 0.004 mg / L, 0.003 mg / L, 0.002 mg / L, 0.001 mg / L, 0.0005 mg / L, 0.0001 mg / L, 0.00005 mg / L, 0.00001 mg / L, or 0.00005 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine.

[0265] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include 2,3-dimethylpyrazine. In some embodiments, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine may be present in an amount of about 0.000005 mg / L to about 23 mg / L (e.g., about 0.000005 to about 0.00005 mg / L, about 0.00005 to about 0.0005 mg / L, about 0.0005 to about 0.005 mg / L, about 0.005 to about 0.05 mg / L, about 0.05 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 2.5 mg / L, about 2.5 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, or about 10 to about 23 mg / L). In some embodiments, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine may be present in an amount of less than about 0.12 mg / L (e.g., less than about 0.1 mg / L, 0.05 mg / L, 0.01 mg / L, 0.005 mg / L, 0.001 mg / L, 0.0005 mg / L, 0.0001 mg / L, 0.00005 mg / L, or 0.00001 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 2,3-dimethylpyrazine.

[0266] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include 4-methoxycinnamic acid. In some embodiments, the 4-methoxycinnamic acid may be present in an amount of about 9 mg / L to about 18 mg / L (e.g., about 9 to about 11 mg / L, about 11 to about 13 mg / L, about 13 to about 15 mg / L, about 15 to about 17 mg / L, or about 17 to about 18 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 4-methoxycinnamic acid.

[0267] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone. In some embodiments, 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone may be present in an amount of about 33 mg / L to about 62 mg / L (e.g., about 33 to about 37 mg / L, about 37 to about 42 mg / L, about 42 to about 47 mg / L, about 47 to about 52 mg / L, about 52 to about 57 mg / L, or about 57 to about 62 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone.

[0268] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include adenine. In some embodiments, adenine may be present in an amount of about 0.3 mg / L to about 2.3 mg / L (e.g., about 0.3 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 0.8 mg / L, about 0.8 to about 1.1 mg / L, about 1.1 to about 1.4 mg / L, about 1.4 to about 1.7 mg / L, about 1.7 to about 2 mg / L, or about 2 to about 2.3 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of adenine.

[0269] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include caffeic acid. In some embodiments, caffeic acid may be present in an amount of about 2.8 mg / L to about 7.5 mg / L (e.g., about 2.8 to about 3.5 mg / L, about 3.5 to about 4 mg / L, about 4 to about 4.5 mg / L, about 4.5 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 5.5 mg / L, about 5.5 to about 6 mg / L, about 6 to about 6.5 mg / L, about 6.5 to about 7 mg / L, or about 7 to about 7.5 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of caffeic acid.

[0270] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include caffeine. In some embodiments, caffeine may be present in an amount of about 100 mg / L to about 300 mg / L (e.g., about 100 to about 150 mg / L, about 150 to about 200 mg / L, about 200 to about 250 mg / L, or about 250 to about 300 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be caffeine-free.

[0271] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include choline. In some embodiments, choline may be present in an amount of about 2 mg / L to about 50 mg / L (e.g., about 2 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 20 mg / L, about 20 to about 30 mg / L, about 0.3 to about 40 mg / L, or about 40 to about 50 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of choline.

[0272] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include cytidine. In some embodiments, cytidine may be present in an amount of about 0.3 mg / L to about 1.8 mg / L (e.g., about 0.3 to about 0.6 mg / L, about 0.6 to about 0.9 mg / L, about 0.9 to about 1.2 mg / L, about 1.2 to about 1.5 mg / L, or about 1.5 to about 1.8 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may not include cytidine.

[0273] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include D-gluconic acid. In some embodiments, D-gluconic acid may be present in an amount of about 0.3 mg / L to about 1.2 mg / L (e.g., about 0.3 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 0.7 mg / L, about 0.7 to about 1 mg / L, or about 1 to about 1.2 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of D-gluconic acid.

[0274] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include hydroxymethylfurfural. In some embodiments, the hydroxymethylfurfural may be present in an amount of about 10 mg / L to about 20 mg / L (e.g., about 10 to about 12 mg / L, about 12 to about 14 mg / L, about 14 to about 16 mg / L, about 16 to about 18 mg / L, or about 18 to about 20 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of hydroxymethylfurfural.

[0275] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include methyl-2-pyrrolyl ketone. In some embodiments, the methyl-2-pyrrolyl ketone may be present in an amount of about 0.008 mg / L to about 1.3 mg / L (e.g., about 0.008 to about 0.08 mg / L, about 0.08 to about 0.3 mg / L, about 0.3 to about 0.8 mg / L, about 0.8 to about 1 mg / L, or about 1 to about 1.3 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of methyl-2-pyrrolyl ketone.

[0276] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include pyridine. In some embodiments, pyridine may be present in an amount of about 0.4 mg / L to about 60 mg / L (e.g., about 0.4 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 20 mg / L, about 20 to about 30 mg / L, about 30 to about 40 mg / L, or about 40 to about 60 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of pyridine.

[0277] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include sotolone. In some embodiments, sotolone may be present in an amount of about 0.15 mg / L to about 85 mg / L (e.g., about 0.15 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 1 mg / L, about 1 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 20 mg / L, about 20 to about 40 mg / L, about 40 to about 60 mg / L, or about 60 to about 85 mg / L). In some embodiments, sotolone may be present in an amount of less than about 31 mg / L (e.g., less than about 30 mg / L, 29 mg / L, 28 mg / L, 27 mg / L, 26 mg / L, 25 mg / L, 20 mg / L, 15 mg / L, 10 mg / L, 5 mg / L, 2 mg / L, 1 mg / L, 0.5 mg / L, 0.4 mg / L, 0.3 mg / L, or 0.2 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of sotolone.

[0278] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include syringic acid. In some embodiments, syringic acid may be present in an amount of about 3 mg / L to about 11 mg / L (e.g., about 3 to about 5 mg / L, about 5 to about 7 mg / L, about 7 to about 9 mg / L, or about 9 to about 11 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of syringic acid.

[0279] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include trans-ferulic acid. In some embodiments, trans-ferulic acid may be present in an amount of about 10 mg / L to about 20 mg / L (e.g., about 10 to about 12 mg / L, about 12 to about 14 mg / L, about 14 to about 16 mg / L, about 16 to about 18 mg / L, or about 18 to about 20 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of trans-ferulic acid.

[0280] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include tryptamine. In some embodiments, tryptamine may be present in an amount of about 0.05 mg / L to about 0.2 mg / L (e.g., about 0.05 to about 0.08 mg / L, about 0.08 to about 0.1 mg / L, about 0.1 to about 0.12 mg / L, about 0.12 to about 0.14 mg / L, about 0.14 to about 0.16 mg / L, about 0.16 to about 0.18 mg / L, or about 0.18 to about 0.2 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of tryptamine.

[0281] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include uracil. In some embodiments, uracil may be present in an amount of about 0.1 mg / L to about 0.7 mg / L (e.g., about 0.1 to about 0.2 mg / L, about 0.2 to about 0.3 mg / L, about 0.3 to about 0.4 mg / L, about 0.4 to about 0.5 mg / L, about 0.5 to about 0.6 mg / L, or about 0.6 to about 0.7 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of uracil.

[0282] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include vanillic acid. In some embodiments, vanillic acid may be present in an amount of about 12 mg / L to about 35 mg / L (e.g., about 12 to about 15 mg / L, about 15 to about 20 mg / L, about 20 to about 25 mg / L, about 25 to about 30 mg / L, or about 30 to about 35 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of vanillic acid.

[0283] The one or more non-volatile compounds in the coffee replica may include vanillin. In some embodiments, vanillin may be present in an amount of about 0.08 mg / L to about 40 mg / L (e.g., about 0.08 to about 0.4 mg / L, about 0.4 to about 0.8 mg / L, about 0.8 to about 2 mg / L, about 2 to about 10 mg / L, about 10 to about 20 mg / L, about 20 to about 30 mg / L, or about 30 to about 40 mg / L). In some embodiments, vanillin may be present in an amount of at least about 0.23 mg / L (e.g., at least about 0.5 mg / L, at least about 0.7 mg / L, at least about 1 mg / L, at least about 3 mg / L, at least about 5 mg / L, or at least about 10 mg / L). In some embodiments, the coffee replica may be free of vanillin.

[0284] Some specific exemplary coffee replicas are also provided herein.In some embodiments, the coffee replicas are selected from the group consisting of 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentanedione, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxy ... , 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-pentanol, 3-methylbutyric acid, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, 5-methylfurfural, acetoin acetate, amyl alcohol, β-damascenone, β-ionone, butyric acid, coffee furanone, δ-decalactone, δ-octalactone, diethyl succinate, difurfuryl ether, dimethyl trisulfide, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butyrate, dextran, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl 2-methylbut ... Ethyl canate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl laurate, ethyl maltol, eugenol, furaneol, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, gamma decalactone, gamma nonalactone, geranyl acetate, guaiacol, isoamyl alcohol, isobutyraldehyde, isoeugenol, isopropenylpyrazine, isovaleraldehyde, isovaleric acid, maltol, massoialactone, methanethiol, methyl anthranilate, p-anisaldehyde, pyrrole, sotolon, syringol, valeraldehyde, vanillin erythroyl and and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal, and at least 50 (e.g., at least 50, 55, 60, or 64) VOCs selected from the group consisting of vanillyl ethyl ether, at least 10 (e.g., at least 11 or 12) non-volatile compounds selected from the group consisting of 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, aspartic acid, caffeine, choline, citric acid, lactic acid, sotolone, succinic acid, trans-ferulic acid, vanillic acid, and vanillin.

[0285] Exemplary amounts of each of these compounds are shown in Table F1 in mg / L (e.g., for a coffee beverage replica), mg / g substrate (e.g., for a coffee powder replica or coffee bean replica), or weight percent of total VOCs and non-volatile compounds (e.g., for a coffee granule replica).

[0286] Table F1: Exemplary Coffee Formulations TIFF2025076505000003.tif186140TIFF2025076505000004.tif186149TIFF2025076505000005.tif186162

[0287] Although the amounts (mg / L) of some non-volatile compounds are given for the coffee beverage replica, it will be understood that the same compounds may be present in increased amounts in the coffee bean replica, the coffee powder replica, the coffee granule replica, and the coffee beverage concentrate replica.

[0288] The coffee bean replica and / or coffee powder replica may contain elements other than VOCs and non-volatile compounds.

[0289] In some embodiments, the coffee bean replica or coffee powder replica may include a coating (e.g., shellac, zein protein, gum arabic, or wax), which is believed to increase shelf life in some cases.

[0290] In some embodiments, the coffee bean replica or coffee powder replica may include a solid substrate. The solid substrate may be a waste product in a food stream. In some embodiments, the solid substrate may be a processed or unprocessed grain. The processing of the grain may result in the removal or partial removal of one or more of starch, protein, sugar, fat-soluble elements, and flavor. In some embodiments, the solid substrate may be a waste product from which most of the starch, protein, sugar, fat-soluble elements, and flavor have been removed, leaving cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and other insoluble fibers. In some embodiments, the solid substrate may include a processed or unprocessed grain or grain product, a legume or legume seed, an oil plant or oil seed, a fruit or fruit product, a root, stem, or root or stem product, a sugar processing by-product, or other plant by-product.

[0291] Non-limiting examples of grains or grain products that may be used in the solid substrate include atella, barley distillers by-products, broken or polished rice, barley grain, brown rice, brewer's grains, Echinochloa crusgalli grain, corn gluten feed, corn brewer's grains, corn gluten meal, ear maize, Eleusine coracana grain, Setaria italica grain, Digitaria exilis grain, maize bran or hominy feed, maize green forage, maize cobs, maize stover, maize germ meal or maize germ, malt culms, maize grain, millet hulls, oat hulls or oat mill feed, oats, pearl millet, Pennisetum glaucum grain, millet (Panicum miliaceum) grain, quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), red oat (Avena sativa) grain, rice protein concentrate, rice bran or other rice by-products, rice husk, rye grain or by-products, sorghum by-products, starch, sorghum grain, teff (Eragrostis tef) grain, triticale, Venezuela grass (Paspalum fasciculatum), wheat (general), wheat germ, wheat bran, wheat kernels, wheat distillers grain, wheat shorts, wheat middlings, feed flour, and mixtures thereof.

[0292] Non-limiting examples of legumes or legume seeds that may be used in the solid substrate include African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa or Parkia filicoidea), African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa), crop residues and straw of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea), black gram (Vigna mungo), pods, husks, and residues of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea), blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) seeds, bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) seeds, butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea), carob (Ceratonia siliqua), kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), and the like. vulgaris, centro (Centrosema molle), common vetch (Vicia sativa), chickpea (Cicer arietinum), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) seed, broad bean (Vicia faba), grass pea (Lathyrus sativus), guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) forage, seed and meal, guanacaste (Enterolobium cyclocarpum), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum), sword bean (Canavalia ensiformis), hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus), lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus), lentil (Lens culinaris), mat bean (Vigna aconitifolia), mung bean (Vigna radiata), narbon vetch (Vicianarbonensis, pea by-products, peanut seeds, pea protein concentrate, peanut husks, pea seeds, pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) seeds, peanut forage, prickly sesban (Sesbania bispinosa), peanut husks, purple vetch (Vicia benghalensis), peanut meal, American albizia (Albizia saman), rice bean (Vigna umbellata), sesban (Sesbania sesban), soybean seeds, soybeans (general), sword bean (Canavalia gladiata), soybean forage, Syrian mesquite (Prosopis farcta), soybean meal, tamarind (Tamarindus indica), tamarugo (Prosopis tamarugo), velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens, white lupine (Lupinus albus) seed, winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus), yellow lupine (Lupinus luteus) seed, and mixtures thereof.

[0293] Non-limiting examples of oil plants or oil seeds that may be used in the solid substrate include almond kernels and by-products, argan (Argania spinosa), babassu palm (Attale speciosa), borneo tallow nut (Shorea stenoptera) oil meal, bactris (Bactris gasipaes), camelina (Camelina sativa) seeds and oil meal, cotton (in general), cashew (Anacardium occidentale) nuts and by-products, castor (Ricinus communis) seeds, oil meal, and by-products, cotton straw and cotton crop residues, ceylon ironwood (Mesua ferrea), cotton seed hulls, cotton seed meal, copra meal and coconut by-products, Crambe abyssinica, Attalea palm (Attalea cohune seeds and oil meal, Hyphaene thebaica, Lallemantia iberica, flax straw and flax crop by-products, grape seeds and grape seed oil meal, hemp, Jatropha sp.) kernel meal and other jatropha products, jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis), kapok (Ceiba pentandra), kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus), karanja (Millettia pinnata), kusum (Schleichera oleosa), linseed meal, loofah (Luffa aegyptiaca), linseed, macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia), moringa (Moringa oleifera), mahwa (Madhuca longifolia), mustard oil meal and bran, maize germ meal and maize germ, neem (Azadirachta indica), niger (Guizotia abyssinica, oil palm leaves and oil palm crop residues, olive oil cake and by-products, oil palm kernels, palm kernel meal, groundnut seeds, palm oil mill effluent, groundnut husks, palm compressed fibre, pinto peanut (Arachis pintoi), groundnut forage, poppy (Papaver somniferum), groundnut husks, pumpkins, squash, cucurbits and other Cucurbit (Cucurbita) species, groundnut meal, rapeseed forage, rapeseed husks, rapeseed meal, rapeseed, rubber (Hevea brasiliensis), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) seed and oil meal, sal (Shorea robusta) seed and oil meal, soybean meal, soybean seeds, seje (Oenocarpus bataua), sunflower (general), sesame (Sesamum indicum seeds and oil meal, sunflower forage and crop residues, sunflower hulls and sunflower winnowings, sunflower meal, sunflower seeds, soybeans (general), soybean forage, soybean hulls, tuna (Aleurites fordii), tomato seed cake, walnuts (Juglans regia), watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) seeds and oil meal, and mixtures thereof.

[0294] Non-limiting examples of fruits or fruit products that may be used in the solid substrate include apple pomace and inferior apples, bananas (in general), banana skins, banana fruits, banana leaves and pseudostem, breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis), breadnuts (Brosimum alicastrum), nuts and by-products of cashews (Anacardium occidentale), citrus fresh pulp, citrus fruits, citrus seed meal, citrus molasses, citrus dried pulp, colocynthis, date molasses, date leaves and pedicels, date fruits, grape pomace, guava (Psidium guajava), grape seeds and / or grape seed oil meal, jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus), Indian mangosteen (Garcinia indica), loofah (Luffa aegyptiaca, mango (Mangifera indica) fruit and by-products, Moringa oleifera, melon (Cucumis melo), olive oil meal and by-products, papaya (Carica papaya) fruit, leaves, and by-products, pineapple by-products, pineapple leaves, pineapple juice, pumpkins, squash, cucurbits, and other Cucurbit species, paradise nut (Lecythis pisonis), melicoccus bijugatus, ceja (Oenocarpus bataua), tomato fruit, tomato pomace, tomato skin and seeds, tomato leaves and crop residues, tomato seed cake, walnuts (Juglans regia), watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) forage and fruit, watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) seed and oil meal, and mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the solid substrate includes grape seeds.

[0295] Non-limiting examples of roots, stems, or root or stem products that may be used in the solid substrate include arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea), sugar beet molasses, canna (Canna indica), carrot (Daucus carota), cassava leaves and foliage, cassava skin, cassava pomace, and other cassava by-products, cassava root, Chinese yam (Dioscorea esculenta), Ensete (Ensete ventricosum) corms and pseudostem, fodder beet root, Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus), taro (Xanthosoma sagittifolium), potato (Solanum tuberosum) by-products, potato (Solanum tuberosum) tubers, sugar beet dehydrated pulp, sugar beet compressed or non-dehydrated pulp, sugar beet root, sugar beet aerial parts, sweet potato (Ipomoea Examples of raw materials used in this study include: (a) batatas (sweet potato) by-products, (Ipomoea batatas) forage, (Ipomoea batatas) tubers, (Colocasia esculenta), (white yam) (Dioscorea rotundata), (Dioscorea alata), (Amorphophallus campanulatus), (Smallanthus sonchifolius), (yellow yam) (Dioscorea cayenensis), and mixtures thereof.

[0296] Non-limiting examples of sugar processing by-products that may be used in the solid substrate include sugar beet molasses, sugar, molasses, sugar beet pressed or non-dewatered pulp, sugar cane bagasse, sugar cane forage, the whole plant, sugar cane juice sugar, sugar cane molasses, sugar cane press mud, sugar cane aboveground parts, and mixtures thereof.

[0297] Non-limiting examples of other plant by-products that can be used in the solid substrate include carob (Ceratonia siliqua), citrus molasses, date molasses, date palm leaves and foliage, date palm seeds, Ensete ventricosum corms and pseudostems, leaf protein concentrate and grass juice, Mexican marigold (Tagetes erecta), mushrooms and spent mushroom medium, molasses / urea blocks, potato (Solanum tuberosum) tubers, Jojoba marc, spent hops, straw, sugarcane juice, sugarcane molasses, sugarcane press mud, stillage, wood, wood sugar, or wood molasses, and mixtures thereof.

[0298] In some embodiments, the solid substrate may have a different composition (e.g., ratios of fat, protein, and fiber) than traditional coffee beans or traditional coffee powder.

[0299] In some embodiments, the coffee bean replicas or coffee powder replicas described herein may also include an emulsifier.

[0300] In some embodiments, the coffee bean replica may also include shellac or an enhancer (e.g., grain meal).

[0301] In some embodiments, the coffee bean replicas described herein may have a higher cellulose concentration than traditional coffee beans. In some embodiments, the coffee bean replicas described herein may have a lower cellulose concentration than traditional coffee beans. In some embodiments, the coffee bean replicas described herein may have a higher hemicellulose concentration than traditional coffee beans. In some embodiments, the coffee bean replicas described herein may have a lower hemicellulose concentration than traditional coffee beans.

[0302] In some embodiments, the coffee bean replicas may have a different physical structure than traditional coffee beans, for example, some traditional coffee beans have a continuous granular structure, while in some embodiments, the coffee bean replicas described herein may have a uniform structure.

[0303] In some embodiments, coffee bean replicas may exhibit a different fracture pattern than traditional coffee beans when subjected to the same fracture assay.

[0304] Because of the method by which they are made, the coffee replicas provided herein are typically devoid of contaminants and other deleterious compounds sometimes found in traditional coffee, including, but not limited to, Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Brettanomyces sp., Lactobacillales, Aspergillus (e.g., A. ochraceus, A. carbonarius), Penicillium (e.g., P. verrucosum), Saccharomyces sp. (often used in distilleries and breweries), and other strains of bacteria., Acremonium strictum, Chrysonilia sitophila, Cladosporium oxysporum, Fusarium oxysporum, Mortierella alpina, Mucor plumbeus, Paecilomyces viridis, Penicillium chrysogenum, Penicillium citreonigrum, Penicillium decumbens, Penicillium purpurogenum, Trichoderma longibrachiatum longibrachiatum, Trichoderma viride, and Verticillium psalliotae, as well as molds, powdery mildew, rot fungi, insects, insect eggs, insect filth, rodent filth, mammalian waste, insect lecithin, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen disulfide, 2,4,6-trichloroanisole, 2,4,6-tribromoanisole, aflatoxins, aldrin, dieldrin, benzene hexachloride, chlordane, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DCH ... These include trichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (TDE), dimethylnitrosamine (nitrosodimethylamine), ethylene dibromide (EDB), heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, lindane, mercury, methanol, ethylene glycol, dichloromethane, aluminum, antimony, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, manganese, nickel, tin, acrylamide, ochratoxin, mycotoxins, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

[0305] The coffee replica may contain the volatile and non-volatile compounds listed herein, but note that the added compounds may react with each other to produce additional compounds or to change the effective amount of one or more added compounds in the coffee replica formulation.

[0306] This document also provides a method for producing a concentrated version of a coffee replica (e.g., a coffee concentrate replica) that contains all of the VOCs and non-volatile components of the final product, but does not contain most of the water. Such a concentrate is produced and then transported to a second location where a diluent (e.g., water, or an aqueous solution (e.g., containing sugar, sugar alcohol, milk (e.g., animal or plant milk), and / or one or more flavorings)) is added to create the finished coffee beverage replica.

[0307] Any suitable concentration of VOCs and non-volatile compounds may be used. For example, the concentrated beverage replica may contain VOCs and non-volatile compounds at a concentration of at least about 1.1 times (e.g., 1.1 times, 1.2 times, 1.3 times, 1.5 times, 1.6 times, 1.7 times, 1.8 times, 1.9 times, 2 times, 3 times, 5 times, 8 times, 10 times, 15 times, 20 times, 50 times, 100 times, 200 times, 500 times, 1000 times, 1500 times, or 2000 times) compared to the concentration in the final product. Since the concentrates may contain elements, they can be diluted by at least about 1.1 times (e.g., 1.2 times, 1.3 times, 1.5 times, 1.6 times, 1.7 times, 1.8 times, 1.9 times, 2 times, 3 times, 5 times, 8 times, 10 times, 15 times, or 20 times, 50 times, 100 times, 200 times, 500 times, 1000 times, 1500 times, or 2000 times) with a diluent to give a final product. The concentrates provided herein can contain all of the specified flavors, acids, and other elements present in the final product. In general, such concentrates can be prepared in much the same way as non-concentrated beverage replicas by combining the desired amount of VOCs and non-volatile elements, leaving out most of the water.

[0308] Any of the liquid coffee replicas described herein can be made as concentrates, for example, using the methods disclosed herein. It will be understood that the amounts of components (e.g., VOCs or non-volatiles) disclosed herein as amounts for beverage replicas (e.g., 1× beverage replicas) can be multiplied by a concentration factor (e.g., 1.1×, 1.2×, 1.3×, 1.5×, 1.6×, 1.7×, 1.8×, 1.9×, 2×, 3×, 5×, 8×, 10×, 15×, or 20×, 50×, 100×, 200×, 500×, 1000×, 1500×, or 2000×) for the appropriate concentrated amount.

[0309] Also provided herein are methods for producing a coffee replica. In some embodiments, the methods include: (a) water, VOCs that are water-soluble, and Non-volatile compounds that are water soluble creating an aqueous solution comprising: (b) oil; VOCs that are fat-soluble, and Lipid-soluble non-volatile compounds forming an emulsion comprising: (c) mixing the aqueous solution and the emulsion to produce a flavor mixture. may include.

[0310] The VOC can be any suitable VOC. In some embodiments, the VOC can be any of the VOCs described herein. The VOC can be present in any suitable amount.

[0311] The non-volatile compound can be any suitable non-volatile compound. In some embodiments, the non-volatile compound can be any of the non-volatile compounds described herein. The non-volatile compound can be present in any suitable amount.

[0312] In some embodiments, the VOCs and non-volatile compounds are selected from the group consisting of: (a) one or more VOCs (at least one of the one or more VOCs is not present in the corresponding reference coffee); (b) one or more VOCs (the one or more VOCs do not include the one or more at least one VOC present in the corresponding reference coffee); (c) one or more non-volatile compounds (at least one of the one or more non-volatile compounds is not present in the corresponding reference coffee); (d) one or more non-volatile compounds ( The one or more non-volatile compounds may be free of at least one non-volatile compound present in the corresponding reference coffee; or (e) any combination of (a), (b), (c), and (d) [(a) and (b); (a) and (c); (a) and (d); (b) and (c); (b) and (d); (c) and (d); (a), (b), and (c); (a), (b), and (d); (a), (c), and (d); (b), (c), and (d); or (a), (b), (c), and (d)]. In some embodiments, the liquid coffee replica may be characterized by (f) one or more VOCs present in the coffee replica in a total amount of at least 100 mg / L. Feature (f) may be combined with any combination of (a)-(d) above.

[0313] The aqueous solution may be made by any suitable method. In some embodiments, making the aqueous solution may include the use of low shear mixing.

[0314] The emulsion may be made by any suitable method. In some embodiments, making the emulsion comprises homogenization. In some embodiments, making the emulsion comprises use of a rotor-stator high shear homogenizer. In some embodiments, making the emulsion comprises use of a high pressure in-line recirculating homogenizer. In some embodiments, making the emulsion may comprise the addition of emulsifiers, starches, gums, polysaccharides, or combinations thereof.

[0315] The oil can be any suitable oil. In some embodiments, the oil is a neutral oil. In some embodiments, the oil is a fully deodorized oil. In some embodiments, the oil includes corn oil, sunflower oil, or coconut oil.

[0316] In some embodiments, the coffee replica is a coffee concentrate replica or a coffee beverage replica. In some such embodiments, the method may further include processing the flavor mixture for commercial sterility. Processing the flavor mixture for commercial sterility may be accomplished by any suitable method. In some embodiments, processing the flavor mixture for commercial sterility may include packaging the coffee replica (e.g., into a bottle).

[0317] In some embodiments, the coffee replica is a coffee concentrate replica and the processing of the flavor mixture for commercial sterility includes: (a) Ultra-clean processing, (b) UHT aseptic processing; (c) HTST in-line processing, including aseptic filling; (d) Hot-fill packaging; or (e) Cold filling tunnel pasteurization may include one or more of:

[0318] In some embodiments, the coffee replica is a coffee beverage replica, and the processing of the flavor mixture for commercial sterility includes: (a) Ultra-clean processing, (b) UHT aseptic processing; (c) fill and retort processing; (d) fill then Ohmic sterilization, or (e) UV / PEF in-line sterilization and aseptic filling may include one or more of:

[0319] In some embodiments, the coffee replica is a coffee granule replica. In some such embodiments, the method may further include agglomeration of the particles. The agglomeration of the particles may be achieved by any suitable method. In some embodiments, the agglomeration of the particles may be achieved by one or more of air mixing, steam jet, fluidized bed, pan, or spray drying, drum, mixer, roller, or extrusion agglomeration. In some embodiments, the agglomeration of the particles may be achieved by foam mat drying. In some embodiments, the method may further include packaging the coffee granule replica (e.g., filling into bottles or single-serving pouches).

[0320] In some embodiments, the coffee replica is a coffee bean replica or a coffee powder replica. In some such embodiments, the solid substrate may be mixed in a mixer (e.g., a V-blender). In some such embodiments, the method may further comprise applying a flavor mixture to the solid substrate to create a coated solid substrate. The flavor mixture may be applied to the solid substrate using any suitable method. In some embodiments, applying the flavor mixture comprises spray application of the flavor mixture.

[0321] The solid substrate can be any suitable solid substrate. In some embodiments, the solid substrate can be any of the solid substrates described herein. In some embodiments, the solid substrate includes processed or unprocessed grain or grain product, legume or legume seed, oil plant or oil seed, fruit or fruit product, root, stem, or root or stem product, sugar processing by-product, or other plant by-product. The solid substrate can have any suitable particle size. In some embodiments, the solid substrate can have an average particle size of about 250 μm to about 1500 μm.

[0322] In some embodiments, the coffee replica is a coffee powder replica. In some embodiments, the method may further comprise filling a container (e.g., a bag) with the coffee powder replica.

[0323] In some embodiments, the coffee replica is a coffee bean replica. In some such embodiments, the method may further include adding a tableting aid to the coated solid substrate. The tableting aid may be any suitable tableting aid. In some embodiments, the tableting aid may include starch, sugar, gum, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the method may further include forming the coated solid substrate into a coffee bean-like shape to create the coffee bean replica. Any suitable method may be used to form the coated solid substrate into a coffee bean-like shape. In some embodiments, forming the coated solid substrate into a coffee bean-like shape may include the use of a rotary pill press. In some embodiments, the coffee bean replica may be coated. The coffee bean replica may be coated with any suitable coating. In some embodiments, the coffee bean replica may be coated with shellac, zein protein, or wax.

[0324] Exemplary Aspects Embodiment 1 is a coffee replica comprising one or more VOCs and one or more non-volatile compounds, wherein (a) the one or more VOCs comprise at least one VOC that is not present in a corresponding reference coffee, (b) the one or more VOCs do not comprise at least one VOC present in the corresponding reference coffee, (c) the one or more VOCs are present in the coffee replica in a total amount of at least 100 mg / L, (d) the one or more non-volatile compounds comprise at least one non-volatile compound that is not present in the corresponding reference coffee, or (e) the one or more non-volatile compounds do not comprise at least one non-volatile compound present in the corresponding reference coffee.

[0325] Embodiment 2 is a coffee replica of embodiment 1, wherein the one or more VOCs include at least one VOC that is not present in the corresponding reference coffee.

[0326] Example 3 is a coffee replica of Example 1 or Example 2, wherein the one or more VOCs are free of at least one VOC present in the corresponding reference coffee.

[0327] Example 4 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-3, wherein the one or more VOCs are present in the coffee replica in a total amount of at least 100 mg / L.

[0328] Example 5 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-3, wherein the one or more VOCs are present in the coffee replica in a total amount of at least 200 mg / L.

[0329] Example 6 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-3, wherein the one or more VOCs are present in the coffee replica in a total amount of at least 300 mg / L.

[0330] Example 7 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-3, wherein the one or more VOCs are present in the coffee replica in a total amount of at least 400 mg / L.

[0331] Example 8 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-3, wherein the one or more VOCs are present in the coffee replica in a total amount of at least 500 mg / L.

[0332] Example 9 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-3, wherein the one or more VOCs are present in the coffee replica in a total amount of at least 600 mg / L.

[0333] Example 10 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-3, wherein the one or more VOCs are present in the coffee replica in a total amount of at least 700 mg / L.

[0334] Example 11 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-3, wherein the one or more VOCs are present in the coffee replica in a total amount of at least 800 mg / L.

[0335] Example 12 is a coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-3, wherein the one or more non-volatile compounds includes at least one non-volatile compound that is not present in the corresponding reference coffee.

[0336] Example 13 is a coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-12, wherein the one or more non-volatile compounds are exclusive of at least one non-volatile compound present in the corresponding reference coffee.

[0337] Aspect 14 is a method for preparing a cyclohexane-2-methyl-1H-pyrrole-based cyclohexane ... -2-Hydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 5-methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde, 2-furanmethanol acetate, 2-furanmethanol propanoate, 1-hydroxy-2-propanone, 2-vinylfuran, dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 3-furaldehyde, 3-furanmethanol, 3-pyridinol, 5-amino-1-naphthol, acetic acid, acetic acid 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl ester, acetic acid methyl ester, acetone, 2-methoxy-benzenamine, 2-methyl-butanal, 3-methyl-butanal , 4-hydroxy-butanoic acid, dimethyl disulfide, N,N-dimethyl-ethanamine, 1-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)-ethanone, 1-(2-furanyl)-ethanone, 1-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-ethanone, furan, 2-(2-furanylmethyl)-5-methyl-furan, 2-(2-propenyl)-furan, 2-(methoxymethyl)-furan, 2,2'-methylenebis-furan, 2,5-dimethyl-furan, 2-[(methylthio)methyl]-furan, 2-methyl-furan, 3-methyl-furan, furfural, furfuryl formate , indole, N,N-dimethyl-methylamine, 2,7-dimethyl-oxepin, p-cresol, phenol, 2-methoxy-phenol, 2-methyl-phenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy-phenol, 1-methyl-piperidine, pyrazine, 2-(n-propyl)-pyrazine, 2,3-dimethyl-pyrazine, 2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine, 2,6-diethyl-pyrazine, 2,6-dimethyl-pyrazine, 2-ethyl-3-methyl-pyrazine, 2-ethyl-6-methyl-pyrazine, 3,5-diethyl-2-methyl-pyrazine, 3-ethyl-2,14. The coffee replica according to any one of aspects 1 to 13, which is free of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 5-dimethyl-pyrazine, ethyl-pyrazine, methyl-pyrazine, pyridine, 2-methyl-pyridine, 3-ethyl-pyridine, 3-methyl-pyridine, 3-propyl-pyridine, styrene, thiophene, and toluene.

[0338] Aspect 15 is a method for preparing a volatile organic compound (VOC) comprising the step of: preparing a volatile organic compound (VOC) comprising: 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2,3-pentanedione, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-acetylpyridine, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-ethylfuran, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-furfuryl acetate, 2-heptanol, 2-heptanone, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methylbutyl isovalerate, 2-methylbutyraldehyde, 2-methylbutyric acid, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-nonanol, 2-nonanone, 2-Octanone, 2-Pentylfuran, 2-Phenyl-2-butenal, 2-Phenylethanol, 2-Undecanone, 3-Ethylpyridine, 3-Hexanone, 3-Octanol, 4-Carbomenthenol, 4-Ethylguaiacol, 4-Ethylphenol, 4-Methyl-2-Phenyl-2-pentenal, 4'-Methylacetophenone, 4-Vinylphenol, 5-Methyl-2-Phenyl-2-hexenal, 5-Methylfurfural, Amyl alcohol, Benzaldehyde, Benzyl acetate, Butyl alcohol, Butyric acid, Coffee furanone, Damascenone, De Canal, diethyl disulfide, diethyl succinate, difurfuryl ether, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl trisulfide, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl acetate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl heptanoate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl lactate, ethyl laurate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl phenyl acetate, ethyl tiglate, furfural, furfuryl propionate, γ-nonalactone, geraniol, guaiacol, hexanal, hexanol, hexyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, 15. The coffee replica according to any one of embodiments 1 to 14, which is free of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of isobutyraldehyde, isobutyric acid, isovaleraldehyde, isovaleric acid, limonene, linalool, methyl benzoate, methyl hexanoate, methyl nicotinate, methyl phenyl acetate, methyl salicylate, myrcene, nonanal, octanal, p-anisaldehyde, p-cresol, phenethyl acetate, phenylacetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, propionic acid, pyrrole, syringol, valeraldehyde, and valeric acid.

[0339] Aspect 16 is a method for preparing a volatile organic compound (VOC) comprising the step of: preparing a volatile organic compound (VOC) comprising: 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-acetylpyridine, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-ethylfuran, 2-furfuryl acetate, 2-heptanol, 2-heptanone, 2-methylbutyl isovalerate, 2-methylbutyl aldehyde ... aldehyde, 2-methylbutyric acid, 2-nonanol, 2-nonanone, 2-octanone, 2-pentylfuran, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, 2-phenylethanol, 2-undecanone, 3-ethylpyridine, 3-hexanone, 3-octanol, 4-carbomerenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, 4'-methylacetophenone, 4-vinylphenol, 5-methyl- 16. The coffee replica of any one of embodiments 1 to 15, wherein the coffee replica does not include at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2-phenyl-2-hexenal, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, butyl alcohol, damascenone, decanal, diethyl disulfide, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl acetate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl heptanoate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl lactate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl phenyl acetate, ethyl tiglate, furfuryl propionate, geraniol, hexanal, hexanol, hexyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, isobutyric acid, limonene, linalool, methyl benzoate, methyl hexanoate, methyl nicotinate, methyl phenyl acetate, methyl salicylate, myrcene, nonanal, octanal, p-cresol, phenethyl acetate, phenylacetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, propionic acid, and valeric acid.

[0340] Example 17 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-16, wherein the one or more VOCs do not include 1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine.

[0341] Embodiment 18 is a method for preparing a composition comprising the step of preparing a composition comprising the one or more VOCs selected from the group consisting of 2,3-butanediol, 2-octanol, 2-pentanol, 2-phenylpropionaldehyde, 2-tridecanone, 3-octanone, amyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, benzyl isovalerate, β-ionone, butyl acetate, ethyl 3-phenylpropionate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl cinnamate, ethyl isobutyrate, ethyl myristate, ethyl oleate, ethyl salicylate, ethyl valerate, γ-decalactone, and γ-valerolactone. 18. The coffee replica of any one of embodiments 1-17, comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of geranyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, isoamyl benzoate, isoamyl butyrate, isoamyl isobutyrate, isobutyl acetate, isobutyl alcohol, maltol, massoialactone, methional, methyl 2-methylbutyrate, methyl anthranilate, methyl cinnamate, propanol, propyl propionate, and trans,trans-2,4-decadienal.

[0342] Example 19 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-18, wherein the one or more VOCs include at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2-pentanol, β-ionone, ethyl benzoate, geranyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, maltol, massoialactone, and methyl anthranilate.

[0343] Example 20 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-19, wherein 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine is present in an amount of less than about 0.0065 mg / L.

[0344] Example 21 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-20, wherein 2-ethylpyrazine is present in an amount less than about 0.44 mg / L.

[0345] Example 22 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-21, wherein 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine is present in an amount of less than about 0.0005 mg / L.

[0346] Example 23 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-22, wherein 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol is present in an amount less than about 0.22 mg / L.

[0347] Example 24 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-23, wherein 2-methylpyrazine is present in an amount of less than about 5.1 mg / L.

[0348] Example 25 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-24, wherein 5-methylfurfural is present in an amount of less than about 3.2 mg / L.

[0349] Example 26 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-25, wherein amyl alcohol is present in an amount less than about 0.008 mg / L.

[0350] Example 27 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-26, wherein the butyric acid is present in an amount of less than about 1.2 mg / L.

[0351] Example 28 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-27, wherein the difurfuryl ether is present in an amount of less than about 0.027 mg / L.

[0352] Example 29 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-28, wherein dimethyl trisulfide is present in an amount less than about 0.0007 mg / L.

[0353] Example 30 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-29, wherein furfural is present in an amount of less than about 6 mg / L.

[0354] Example 31 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-30, wherein guaiacol is present in an amount of less than about 0.22 mg / L.

[0355] Example 32 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-31, wherein isobutyraldehyde is present in an amount of less than about 0.075 mg / L.

[0356] Example 33 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-32, wherein isovaleraldehyde is present in an amount of less than about 0.05 mg / L.

[0357] Example 34 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-33, wherein pyrrole is present in an amount less than about 0.005 mg / L.

[0358] Example 35 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-34, wherein 2,5-dimethylphenol is present in an amount of at least about 0.004 mg / L.

[0359] Example 36 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-35, wherein 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran is present in an amount of at least about 0.5 mg / L.

[0360] Example 37 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-36, wherein 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol is present in an amount of at least about 0.00012 mg / L.

[0361] Example 38 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-37, wherein the coffee furanones are present in an amount of at least about 50 mg / L.

[0362] Example 39 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-38, wherein the diethyl succinate is present in an amount of at least about 0.0004 mg / L.

[0363] Example 40 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-39, wherein the ethyl 2-methylbutyrate is present in an amount of at least about 0.002 mg / L.

[0364] Example 41 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-40, wherein the ethyl decanoate is present in the coffee replica beverage in an amount of at least about 0.002 mg / L.

[0365] Example 42 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-41, wherein the ethyl laurate is present in an amount of at least about 0.0007 mg / L.

[0366] Example 43 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-42, wherein gamma-nonalactone is present in an amount of at least about 0.005 mg / L.

[0367] Example 44 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-43, wherein isovaleric acid is present in an amount of at least 1 mg / L.

[0368] Example 45 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-44, wherein syringol is present in an amount of at least about 0.1 mg / L.

[0369] Example 46 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-45, wherein the valeraldehyde is present in an amount of at least about 0.6 mg / L.

[0370] Example 47 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-46, wherein the VOCs include one or more of acids, alcohols, aldehydes, amines, benzenes, esters, furans, ketones, lactones, phenols, pyrazines, pyridines, pyrroles, sugars or sugar alcohols, sulfur compounds, terpenes, or thiophenes.

[0371] Example 48 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-47, wherein the VOCs include one or more of acids, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, furans, ketones, lactones, phenols, pyrazines, pyridines, pyrroles, sugars or sugar alcohols, sulfur compounds, or terpenes.

[0372] Example 49 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-48, wherein the VOCs include one or more of acids, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, furans, ketones, lactones, phenols, pyrazines, pyrroles, sugars or sugar alcohols, or sulfur compounds.

[0373] Example 50 is a coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-49, wherein the VOC comprises one or more acids.

[0374] Example 51 is the coffee replica of example 50, wherein the one or more acids include at least one acid selected from the group consisting of 2-methylbutyric acid, 3-methylbutyric acid, 4-hydroxy-butanoic acid, acetic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid, propionic acid, and valeric acid.

[0375] Example 52 is the coffee replica of example 50, wherein the one or more acids include at least one acid selected from the group consisting of 2-methylbutyric acid, 3-methylbutyric acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, isovaleric acid, propionic acid, and valeric acid.

[0376] Example 53 is the coffee replica of example 50, wherein the one or more acids include at least one acid selected from the group consisting of 3-methylbutyric acid, butyric acid, and isovaleric acid.

[0377] Example 54 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-53, wherein the VOCs include one or more alcohols.

[0378] Example 55 is the coffee replica of example 54, wherein the one or more alcohols comprise at least one alcohol selected from the group consisting of 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2,3-butanediol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-heptanol, 2-nonanol, 2-octanol, 2-pentanol, 2-phenylethanol, 3-octanol, 4-carbomethenol, amyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, geraniol, hexanol, isoamyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and propanol.

[0379] Example 56 is the coffee replica of example 54, wherein the one or more alcohols comprise at least one alcohol selected from the group consisting of 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2,3-butanediol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-heptanol, 2-nonanol, 2-octanol, 2-pentanol, 2-phenylethanol, 3-octanol, 4-carbomethenol, amyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, geraniol, hexanol, isoamyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and propanol.

[0380] Example 57 is the coffee replica of example 54, wherein the one or more alcohols comprise at least one alcohol selected from the group consisting of 2-pentanol, amyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol.

[0381] Example 58 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-57, wherein the VOCs include one or more aldehydes.

[0382] Example 59 is the coffee replica of example 58, wherein the one or more aldehydes comprise at least one aldehyde selected from the group consisting of 2-methyl-butanal, 2-methylbutyraldehyde, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, 2-phenylpropionaldehyde, 3-furaldehyde, 3-methyl-butanal, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, 5-methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde, 5-methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal, benzaldehyde, decanal, hexanal, isobutyraldehyde, isovaleraldehyde, nonanal, octanal, p-anisaldehyde, phenylacetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, trans,trans-2,4-decadienal, trans-2-nonenal, and valeraldehyde.

[0383] Example 60 is the coffee replica of example 58, wherein the one or more aldehydes comprise at least one aldehyde selected from the group consisting of 2-methylbutyraldehyde, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, 2-phenylpropionaldehyde, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, 5-methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal, benzaldehyde, decanal, hexanal, isobutyraldehyde, isovaleraldehyde, nonanal, octanal, p-anisaldehyde, phenylacetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, trans,trans-2,4-decadienal, trans-2-nonenal, and valeraldehyde.

[0384] Example 61 is the coffee replica of example 58, wherein the one or more aldehydes comprises at least one aldehyde selected from the group consisting of isobutyraldehyde, isovaleraldehyde, p-anisaldehyde, and valeraldehyde.

[0385] Example 62 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-61, wherein the VOC comprises one or more amines.

[0386] Example 63 is the coffee replica of example 62, wherein the one or more amines comprise at least one amine selected from the group consisting of 2-amino-1-naphthalenol, 2-methoxy-benzenamine, 5-amino-1-naphthol, N,N-dimethyl-ethanamine, and N,N-dimethyl-methylamine.

[0387] Example 64 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-63, wherein the VOCs include one or more benzenes.

[0388] Example 65 is the coffee replica of Example 64, wherein the one or more benzenes comprises at least one benzene selected from the group consisting of styrene and toluene.

[0389] Example 66 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-65, wherein the VOC comprises one or more esters.

[0390] Embodiment 67 is a method for preparing a medicament for use in a pharmaceutical composition comprising the step of: ... 67. The coffee replica of embodiment 66, comprising at least one ester selected from the group consisting of ethyl lacryate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl oleate, ethyl phenyl acetate, ethyl salicylate, ethyl tiglate, ethyl valerate, furfuryl formate, gamma-decalactone, gamma-nonalactone, gamma-valerolactone, geranyl acetate, hexyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, isoamyl benzoate, isoamyl butyrate, isoamyl isobutyrate, isobutyl acetate, methyl 2-methylbutyrate, methyl anthranilate, methyl benzoate, methyl cinnamate, methyl hexanoate, methyl phenyl acetate, methyl salicylate, phenethyl acetate, and propyl propionate.

[0391] Embodiment 68 is a method for preparing a glycerol-based ester comprising the step of: providing an ester comprising: 2-methylbutyl isovalerate, acetoin acetate, amyl acetate, benzyl acetate, benzyl isovalerate, butyl acetate, δ-decalactone, δ-octalactone, diethyl succinate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl 3-phenylpropionate, ethyl acetate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl cinnamate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl heptanoate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl isobutyrate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl lactate, ethyl laurate, ethyl myristate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl oleate, ethyl 67. The coffee replica of embodiment 66, comprising at least one ester selected from the group consisting of methylphenyl acetate, ethyl salicylate, ethyl tiglate, ethyl valerate, gamma-decalactone, gamma-nonalactone, gamma-valerolactone, geranyl acetate, hexyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, isoamyl benzoate, isoamyl butyrate, isoamyl isobutyrate, isobutyl acetate, methyl 2-methylbutyrate, methyl anthranilate, methyl benzoate, methyl cinnamate, methyl hexanoate, methylphenyl acetate, methyl salicylate, phenethyl acetate, and propyl propionate.

[0392] Example 69 is the coffee replica of example 66, wherein the one or more esters comprise at least one ester selected from the group consisting of acetoin acetate, δ-decalactone, δ-octalactone, diethyl succinate, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl laurate, γ-nonalactone, geranyl acetate, and methyl anthranilate.

[0393] Example 70 is a coffee replica of any one of Examples 66-69, comprising at least about 0.6 mg / L of esters.

[0394] Example 71 is a coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-70, wherein the VOCs include one or more furans.

[0395] Example 72 is the coffee replica of example 71, wherein the one or more furans comprise at least one furan selected from the group consisting of 1-(2-furanyl)-ethanone, 2-(2-furanylmethyl)-5-methyl-furan, 2-(2-propenyl)-furan, 2-(methoxymethyl)-furan, 2,2'-methylenebis-furan, 2,5-dimethyl-furan, 2-[(methylthio)methyl]-furan, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-ethylfuran, 2-furfuryl acetate, 2-methyl-furan, 2-pentylfuran, 2-vinylfuran, 3-furanmethanol, 3-methyl-furan, 5-methylfurfural, difurfuryl ether, furan, furaneol, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, and furfuryl propionate.

[0396] Example 73 is the coffee replica of example 71, wherein the one or more furans comprises at least one furan selected from the group consisting of 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-ethylfuran, 2-furfuryl acetate, 2-pentylfuran, 5-methylfurfural, difurfuryl ether, furaneol, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, furfuryl propionate.

[0397] Example 74 is the coffee replica of example 71, wherein the one or more furans comprises at least one furan selected from the group consisting of 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 5-methylfurfural, difurfuryl ether, furaneol, furfural, and furfuryl alcohol.

[0398] Example 75 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-74, wherein the VOCs include one or more ketones.

[0399] Embodiment 76 is directed to an embodiment in which the one or more ketones are 1-hydroxy-2-propanone, 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-dimethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentadione, 2-butanone, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-heptanone, 2-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2-nonanone, 2-octanone, 2-tridecanone, 2-uanone, 2-octan ... 76. The coffee replica of embodiment 75, comprising at least one ketone selected from the group consisting of decaneone, 3-ethyl-2-hydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 3-hexanone, 3-octanone, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, 4'-methylacetophenone, acetone, β-damascenone, β-ionone, coffee furanone, damascenone, and dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone.

[0400] Example 77 is the coffee replica of example 75, wherein the one or more ketones comprise at least one ketone selected from the group consisting of 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentadione, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-heptanone, 2-nonanone, 2-octanone, 2-tridecanone, 2-undecanone, 3-hexanone, 3-octanone, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, 4'-methylacetophenone, β-damascenone, β-ionone, coffee furanone, and damascenone.

[0401] Example 78 is the coffee replica of example 75, wherein the one or more ketones comprise at least one ketone selected from the group consisting of 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentadione, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, β-damascenone, β-ionone, and coffee furanone.

[0402] Example 79 is a coffee replica of any one of Examples 75-78, comprising at least 53 mg / L ketones.

[0403] Example 80 is a coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-79, wherein the VOCs include one or more lactones.

[0404] Example 81 is the coffee replica of example 80, wherein the one or more lactones comprise at least one lactone selected from the group consisting of 4,5-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-2,5-dihydro-furan-2-one, gamma decalactone, massoialactone, sotolon.

[0405] Example 82 is the coffee replica of example 80, wherein the one or more lactones comprise at least one lactone selected from the group consisting of gamma decalactone, massoialactone, and sotolon.

[0406] Example 83 is a coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-82, wherein the VOCs include one or more phenols.

[0407] Example 84 is the coffee replica of example 83, wherein the one or more phenols comprise at least one phenol selected from the group consisting of 1-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-ethanone, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methoxy-phenol, 2-methyl-phenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy-phenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-vinylphenol, eugenol, guaiacol, isoeugenol, p-cresol, phenol, syringol, syringol (2,6-dimethoxyphenol), vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetals, and vanillyl ethyl ether.

[0408] Example 85 is the coffee replica of example 83, wherein the one or more phenols comprise at least one phenol selected from the group consisting of 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-vinylphenol, eugenol, guaiacol, isoeugenol, p-cresol, syringol, vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal, and vanillyl ethyl ether.

[0409] Example 86 is the coffee replica of example 83, wherein the one or more phenols comprise at least one phenol selected from the group consisting of 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, eugenol, guaiacol, isoeugenol, syringol, vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal, and vanillyl ethyl ether.

[0410] Example 87 is a coffee replica of any one of Examples 83-86 comprising at least 4.6 mg / L phenols.

[0411] Example 88 is a coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-87, wherein the VOCs include one or more pyrazines.

[0412] Example 89 is the coffee replica of example 88, wherein the one or more pyrazines comprise at least one pyrazine selected from the group consisting of 2-(n-propyl)-pyrazine, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine, 2,6-diethyl-pyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethyl-pyrazine, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-3-methyl-pyrazine, 2-ethyl-6-methyl-pyrazine, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methylpyrazine, 3,5-diethyl-2-methyl-pyrazine, 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine, ethyl-pyrazine, isopropenylpyrazine, methyl-pyrazine, and pyrazine.

[0413] Example 90 is the coffee replica of example 88, wherein the one or more pyrazines comprise at least one pyrazine selected from the group consisting of 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methylpyrazine, and isopropenylpyrazine.

[0414] Example 91 is the coffee replica of example 88, wherein the one or more pyrazines comprise at least one pyrazine selected from the group consisting of 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methylpyrazine, and isopropenylpyrazine.

[0415] Example 92 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-91, wherein the VOCs include one or more pyridines.

[0416] Example 93 is the coffee replica of Example 92, wherein the one or more pyridines comprise at least one pyridine selected from the group consisting of 1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, 1-methyl-piperidine, 2-acetylpyridine, 2-methyl-pyridine, 3-ethylpyridine, 3-ethyl-pyridine, 3-methyl-pyridine, 3-propyl-pyridine, 3-pyridinol, and methyl nicotinate.

[0417] Example 94 is the coffee replica of Example 92, wherein the one or more pyridines comprise at least one pyridine selected from the group consisting of 2-acetylpyridine, 3-ethylpyridine, and methyl nicotinate.

[0418] Example 95 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-94, wherein the VOCs include one or more pyrroles.

[0419] Example 96 is the coffee replica of example 95, wherein the one or more pyrroles comprise at least one pyrrole selected from the group consisting of 1-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)-ethanone, 1-(2-furanylmethyl)-1H-pyrrole, 1-ethyl-1H-pyrrole, 1-methyl-1H-pyrrole, 1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde, 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-acetylpyrrole, indole, and pyrrole.

[0420] Example 97 is the coffee replica of example 95, wherein the one or more pyrroles comprise at least one pyrrole selected from the group consisting of 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-acetylpyrrole, and pyrrole.

[0421] Example 98 is the coffee replica of Example 95, wherein the one or more pyrroles comprises pyrrole.

[0422] Example 99 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-98, wherein the VOC comprises one or more sugars or sugar alcohols.

[0423] Example 100 is the coffee replica of example 99, wherein the one or more sugars or sugar alcohols comprise at least one sugar or sugar alcohol selected from the group consisting of ethyl maltol and maltol.

[0424] Example 101 is a coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-100, wherein the VOCs include one or more sulfur compounds.

[0425] Example 102 is the coffee replica of example 101, wherein the one or more sulfur compounds include at least one sulfur compound selected from the group consisting of diethyl disulfide, dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl trisulfide, methanethiol, and methional.

[0426] Example 103 is the coffee replica of example 101, wherein the one or more sulfur compounds include at least one sulfur compound selected from the group consisting of diethyl disulfide, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl trisulfide, methanethiol, and methional.

[0427] Example 104 is the coffee replica of example 101, wherein the one or more sulfur compounds include at least one sulfur compound selected from the group consisting of dimethyl trisulfide and methanethiol.

[0428] Example 105 is a coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-104, wherein the VOCs include one or more terpenes.

[0429] Example 106 is the coffee replica of example 105, wherein the one or more terpenes comprise at least one terpene selected from the group consisting of α-methyl-α-[4-methyl-3-pentenyl]oxiranemethanol, β-myrcene, limonene, linalool, and myrcene.

[0430] Example 107 is the coffee replica of example 105, wherein the one or more terpenes comprises at least one terpene selected from the group consisting of limonene, linalool, and myrcene.

[0431] Example 108 is the coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-107, wherein the VOCs include one or more thiophenes.

[0432] Example 109 is the coffee replica of example 108, wherein the one or more thiophenes include at least one thiophene comprising thiophene.

[0433] Example 110 is a coffee replica of any one of Examples 1-109, wherein the VOC comprises 2,7-dimethyl-oxepin.

[0434] Embodiment 111 is a method for preparing a volatile organic compound (VOC) comprising administering to a subject an amount of the volatile organic compound (VOC) selected from the group consisting of 1-heptanol, 1-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)-ethanone, 1-(2-furanyl)-ethanone, 1-(2-furanylmethyl)-1H-pyrrole, 1-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-ethanone, 1-ethyl-1H-pyrrole, 1-hydroxy-2-propanone, 1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, 1-methyl-1H-pyrrole, 1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde, 1-methyl-piperidine, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2-(2-furanylmethyl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl ...5-methylphenyl-ethanone, 1-ethyl-1H-pyrrole, 1-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl-ethanone, 1-ethyl-1H-pyrrole, 1-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl-ethanone, 1-ethyl-1H-pyrrole, 1-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl-ethanone, 1-ethyl-1H-pyrrole, 1-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl- 2-(2-propenyl)-furan, 2-(methoxymethyl)-furan, 2-(n-propyl)-pyrazine, 2,2'-methylenebis-furan, 2,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentanedione, 2,5-dimethyl-furan, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2,6-diethyl-pyrazine, 2,6- Dimethylpyrazine, 2,7-dimethyl-oxepin, 2-[(methylthio)methyl]-furan, 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-acetylpyridine, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2-amino-1-naphthalenol, 2-butanone, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-ethyl-3-methyl-pyrazine, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-ethyl-6-methyl-pyrazine, 2-ethylfuran, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-furanmethanol acetone tate, 2-furanmethanolpropanoate, 2-furfuryl acetate, 2-heptanol, 2-heptanone, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methoxy-benzenamine, 2-methoxy-phenol, 2-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2-methyl-butanal, 2-methylbutylisovalerate, 2-methylbutyraldehyde, 2-methylbutyric acid,2-Methyl-furan, 2-methyl-phenol, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-methyl-pyridine, 2-nonanol, 2-nonanone, 2-octanol, 2-octanone, 2-pentanol, 2-pentylfuran, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, 2-phenylethanol, 2-phenylpropionaldehyde, 2-tridecanone, 2-undecanone, 2-vinylfuran, 3,5-diethyl-2-methyl-pyrazine, 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine, 3-ethyl-2-hydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 3-ethyl Pyridine, 3-ethyl-pyridine, 3-furaldehyde, 3-furanmethanol, 3-hexanone, 3-methyl-butanal, 3-methylbutyric acid, 3-methyl-furan, 3-methyl-pyridine, 3-octanol, 3-octanone, 3-propyl-pyridine, 3-pyridinol, 4,5-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-2,5-dihydro-furan-2-one, 4-carbomerenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy-phenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, 4-hi Hydroxybutanoic acid, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, 4'-methylacetophenone, 4-vinylphenol, 5-amino-1-naphthol, 5-methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde, 5-methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal, 5-methylfurfural, acetic acid, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl ester of acetate, methyl ester of acetate, acetoin acetate, acetone, α-methyl-α-[4-methyl-3-pentenyl]oxirane methanol, amyl acetate, amyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, benzyl alcohol , benzyl isovalerate, β-damascenone, β-ionone, β-myrcene, butyl acetate, butyl alcohol, butyric acid, coffee furanone, damascenone, decanal, δ-decalactone, δ-octalactone, diethyl disulfide, diethyl succinate, difurfuryl ether, dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl trisulfide, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl 3-phenylpropionate, ethyl acetate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl butyrate,Ethyl cinnamate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl heptanoate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl isobutyrate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl lactate, ethyl laurate, ethyl maltol, ethyl myristate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl oleate, ethyl phenylacetate, ethyl salicylate, ethyl tiglate, ethyl valerate, ethyl-pyrazine, eugenol, furan, furaneol, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, furfuryl formate, furfuryl propionate, gamma-decalactone, gamma-deca Lactone, gamma-nonalactone, gamma-valerolactone, geraniol, geranyl acetate, guaiacol, hexanal, hexanol, hexyl acetate, indole, isoamyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, isoamyl benzoate, isoamyl butyrate, isoamyl isobutyrate, isobutyl acetate, isobutyl alcohol, isobutyraldehyde, isobutyric acid, isoeugenol, isopropenylpyrazine, isovaleraldehyde, isovaleric acid, limonene, linalool, maltol, massoialatone, methyl Tanthiol, methional, methyl 2-methylbutyrate, methyl anthranilate, methyl benzoate, methyl cinnamate, methyl hexanoate, methyl nicotinate, methyl phenylacetate, methyl salicylate, methyl-pyrazine, myrcene, N,N-dimethyl-ethanamine, N,N-dimethyl-methylamine, nonanal, octanal, p-anisaldehyde, p-cresol, phenethyl acetate, phenol, phenylacetaldehyde, propanol, propionaldehyde, 111. The coffee replica of any one of embodiments 1-110, comprising at least 20 compounds selected from the group consisting of propionic acid, propyl propionate, pyrazine, pyridine, pyrrole, sotolon, styrene, syringol, thiophene, toluene, trans,trans-2,4-decadienal, trans-2-nonenal, valeraldehyde, valeric acid, vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal, and vanillyl ethyl ether.

[0435] Embodiment 112 is a further embodiment of the present invention, in which the VOC is selected from the group consisting of 1-heptanol, 1-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)-ethanone, 1-(2-furanyl)-ethanone, 1-(2-furanylmethyl)-1H-pyrrole, 1-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-ethanone, 1-ethyl-1H-pyrrole, 1-hydroxy-2-propanone, 1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, 1-methyl-1H-pyrrole, 1-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde, 1-methyl-piperidine, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2-(2-furanylmethyl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl ...5-methylphenyl-ethanone, 1-ethyl-1H-pyrrole, 1-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl-ethanone, 1-ethyl-1H-pyrrole, 1-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl-ethanone, 1-ethyl-1H-pyrrole, 1-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl-ethanone, 1-ethyl-1H-pyrrole, 1-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl-ethanone, 1-ethyl-1H-pyrrole, 2-(2-propenyl)-furan, 2-(methoxymethyl)-furan, 2-(n-propyl)-pyrazine, 2,2'-methylenebis-furan, 2,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentanedione, 2,5-dimethyl-furan, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2,6-diethyl-pyrazine, 2,6- Dimethylpyrazine, 2,7-dimethyl-oxepin, 2-[(methylthio)methyl]-furan, 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-acetylpyridine, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2-amino-1-naphthalenol, 2-butanone, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-ethyl-3-methyl-pyrazine, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-ethyl-6-methyl-pyrazine, 2-ethylfuran, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-furanmethanol acetone tate, 2-furanmethanolpropanoate, 2-furfuryl acetate, 2-heptanol, 2-heptanone, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methoxy-benzenamine, 2-methoxy-phenol, 2-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2-methyl-butanal, 2-methylbutylisovalerate, 2-methylbutyraldehyde, 2-methylbutyric acid,2-Methyl-furan, 2-methyl-phenol, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-methyl-pyridine, 2-nonanol, 2-nonanone, 2-octanol, 2-octanone, 2-pentanol, 2-pentylfuran, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, 2-phenylethanol, 2-phenylpropionaldehyde, 2-tridecanone, 2-undecanone, 2-vinylfuran, 3,5-diethyl-2-methyl-pyrazine, 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine, 3-ethyl-2-hydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 3-ethyl Pyridine, 3-ethyl-pyridine, 3-furaldehyde, 3-furanmethanol, 3-hexanone, 3-methyl-butanal, 3-methylbutyric acid, 3-methyl-furan, 3-methyl-pyridine, 3-octanol, 3-octanone, 3-propyl-pyridine, 3-pyridinol, 4,5-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-2,5-dihydro-furan-2-one, 4-carbomerenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-ethyl-2-methoxy-phenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, 4-hi Hydroxybutanoic acid, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, 4'-methylacetophenone, 4-vinylphenol, 5-amino-1-naphthol, 5-methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde, 5-methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal, 5-methylfurfural, acetic acid, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl ester of acetate, methyl ester of acetate, acetoin acetate, acetone, α-methyl-α-[4-methyl-3-pentenyl]oxirane methanol, amyl acetate, amyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, benzyl alcohol , benzyl isovalerate, β-damascenone, β-ionone, β-myrcene, butyl acetate, butyl alcohol, butyric acid, coffee furanone, damascenone, decanal, δ-decalactone, δ-octalactone, diethyl disulfide, diethyl succinate, difurfuryl ether, dihydro-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl trisulfide, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl 3-phenylpropionate, ethyl acetate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl butyrate,Ethyl cinnamate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl heptan...

Claims

1. One or more volatile organic compounds (VOCs); and One or more non-volatile compounds A coffee replica comprising: (a) The VOCs are 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentadione, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-pentanol, 3-methylbutyric acid, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, 5-methylfurfural, acetoin acetate, amyl alcohol, β-damascenone, β-ionone, butyric acid, coffee furanone, δ-deca lactone, δ-octalactone, diethyl succinate, difurfuryl ether, dimethyl trisulfide, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl laurate, ethyl maltol, eugenol, furaneol, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, gamma decalactone, gamma nonalactone, geranyl acetate, guaiacol, isoamyl alcohol, isobutyraldehyde, isoeugenol, isopropenylpyrazine, isovaleraldehyde, isovaleric acid, maltol, massoialactone, methanethiol, methyl anthranilate, p-anisaldehyde, pyrrole, sotolon, syringol, valeraldehyde, vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal, and vanillyl ethyl ether; (b) the non-volatile compounds include at least 10 compounds selected from the group consisting of 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, aspartic acid, caffeine, choline, citric acid, lactic acid, sotolone, succinic acid, trans-ferulic acid, vanillic acid, and vanillin; Coffee replica.

2. 2. The coffee replica of claim 1, which is a coffee beverage replica.

3. The following elements in the amounts shown:

3. A coffee replica according to claim 1 or claim 2, comprising:

4. One or more volatile organic compounds (VOCs); and One or more non-volatile compounds A coffee replica comprising: (a) the one or more VOCs include at least one VOC that is not present in the corresponding reference coffee; (b) the one or more VOCs do not include at least one VOC present in the corresponding reference coffee; (c) one or more VOCs are present in the coffee replica in a total amount of at least 100 mg / L; (d) the one or more non-volatile compounds include at least one non-volatile compound that is not present in a corresponding reference coffee; or (e) the one or more non-volatile compounds do not include at least one non-volatile compound present in a corresponding reference coffee; Coffee replica.

5. 5. The coffee replica of claim 4, wherein the one or more VOCs are present in the coffee replica in a total amount of at least 500 mg / L.

6. One or more VOCs are 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-acetylpyridine, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-ethylfuran, 2-furfuryl acetate, 2-heptanol, 2-heptanone, 2-methylbutyl isovalerate, 2-methylbutyraldehyde , 2-methylbutyric acid, 2-nonanol, 2-nonanone, 2-octanone, 2-pentylfuran, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, 2-phenylethanol, 2-undecanone, 3-ethylpyridine, 3-hexanone, 3-octanol, 4-carbomerenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, 4'-methylacetophenone, 4-vinylphenol, 5-methyl-2 6. The coffee replica of claim 4 or claim 5, which is free of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of: -phenyl-2-hexenal, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, butyl alcohol, damascenone, decanal, diethyl disulfide, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl acetate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl heptanoate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl lactate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl phenyl acetate, ethyl tiglate, furfuryl propionate, geraniol, hexanal, hexanol, hexyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, isobutyric acid, limonene, linalool, methyl benzoate, methyl hexanoate, methyl nicotinate, methyl phenyl acetate, methyl salicylate, myrcene, nonanal, octanal, p-cresol, phenethyl acetate, phenylacetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, propionic acid, and valeric acid.

7. 7. The coffee replica of any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the one or more VOCs comprise at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2-pentanol, β-ionone, ethyl benzoate, geranyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, maltol, massoialactone, and methyl anthranilate.

8. VOCs are 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentanedione, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-acetylpyridine, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-ethyl -4-Hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-ethylfuran, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-furfuryl acetate, 2-heptanol, 2-heptanone, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methylbutyl isovalerate, 2-methylbutyraldehyde, 2-methylbutyric acid, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-nonanol, 2-nonanone, 2-octanol, 2 -Octanone, 2-pentanol, 2-pentylfuran, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, 2-phenylethanol, 2-phenylpropionaldehyde, 2-tridecanone, 2-undecanone, 3-ethylpyridine, 3-hexanone, 3-methylbutyric acid, 3-octanol, 3-octanone, 4-carbomerenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, 4'-methylacetophenone, 4-vinylphenol, 5-methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal, 5-methylfurfural, acetoin acetate, amyl acetate, amyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, benzyl isovalerate, β-damascenone, β-ionone, butyl acetate, butyl alcohol, butyric acid, coffee furanone, damascenone, decanal, δ-decalactone, δ-octalactone, diethyl disulfide, diethyl succinate, difurfuryl ether, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl trisulfide, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate,Ethyl 3-phenylpropionate, Ethyl acetate, Ethyl benzoate, Ethyl butanoate, Ethyl butyrate, Ethyl cinnamate, Ethyl decanoate, Ethyl heptanoate, Ethyl hexanoate, Ethyl isobutyrate, Ethyl isovalerate, Ethyl lactate, Ethyl laurate, Ethyl maltol, Ethyl myristate, Ethyl octanoate, Ethyl oleate, Ethyl phenylacetate, Ethyl salicylate, Ethyl tiglate, Ethyl valerate, Eugenol, Furaneol, Furfura , furfuryl alcohol, furfuryl propionate, gamma-decalactone, gamma-decalactone, gamma-nonalactone, gamma-valerolactone, geraniol, geranyl acetate, guaiacol, hexanal, hexanol, hexyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, isoamyl benzoate, isoamyl butyrate, isoamyl isobutyrate, isobutyl acetate, isobutyl alcohol, isobutyraldehyde, isobutyric acid, isoeugenol, isopropenyl pyridine gin, isovaleraldehyde, isovaleric acid, limonene, linalool, maltol, massoialactone, methanethiol, methional, methyl 2-methylbutyrate, methyl anthranilate, methyl benzoate, methyl cinnamate, methyl hexanoate, methyl nicotinate, methyl phenylacetate, methyl salicylate, myrcene, nonanal, octanal, p-anisaldehyde, p-cresol, phenethyl acetate, phenylacetaldehyde, propanoate 8. The coffee replica according to any one of claims 4 to 7, comprising at least 30 compounds selected from the group consisting of ethanol, propionaldehyde, propionic acid, propyl propionate, pyrrole, sotolon, syringol, trans,trans-2,4-decadienal, trans-2-nonenal, valeraldehyde, valeric acid, vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal, and vanillyl ethyl ether.

9. VOCs: 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentanedione, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methyl ... Pyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-pentanol, 3-methylbutyric acid, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, 5-methylfurfural, acetoin acetate, amyl alcohol, β-damascenone, β-ionone, butyric acid, coffee furanone, δ-decalactone, δ-octalactone 9. The coffee replica according to any one of claims 4 to 8, comprising at least 30 compounds selected from the group consisting of: diethyl succinate, difurfuryl ether, dimethyl trisulfide, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl laurate, ethyl maltol, eugenol, furaneol, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, gamma decalactone, gamma-nonalactone, geranyl acetate, guaiacol, isoamyl alcohol, isobutyraldehyde, isoeugenol, isopropenylpyrazine, isovaleraldehyde, isovaleric acid, maltol, massoialactone, methanethiol, methyl anthranilate, p-anisaldehyde, pyrrole, sotolon, syringol, valeraldehyde, vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal, and vanillyl ethyl ether.

10. 10. The coffee replica of any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein the one or more non-volatile compounds do not comprise at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2(5H)-furanone, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-2-hydroxybutyric acid, 2-furoic acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-methoxycinnamic acid, 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, adenine, arabitol, betaine, caffeic acid, cytidine, D-gluconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, fructose, galactose, glucose, glutamic acid, hydroxymethylfurfural, malic acid, mannitol, methyl-2-pyrrolyl ketone, inositol, pyruvic acid, quinic acid, sorbitol, syringic acid, tartaric acid, tryptamine, and uracil.

11. 11. The coffee replica of any one of claims 4 to 10, wherein the one or more non-volatile compounds comprise at least one compound selected from the group consisting of acetovanillone, adipic acid, AMP, arginine, carnosine, cinnamic acid, citrulline, CMP, coumaric acid, cysteine, cystine, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, GABA, glucosamine, glutamine, guanine, hesperetin, histidine, isoleucine, kynurenic acid, leucine, lysine, mannose, methionine, methyl gallate, ornithine, pantothenic acid, pipecolic acid, piperine, polydatin, pyridoxine, quercetin, resveratrol, rutin, sinapic acid, sorbic acid, syringaldehyde, threonine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, tryptophan, tyramine, and tyrosine.

12. The one or more non-volatile compounds are 2(5H)-furanone, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-2-hydroxybutyric acid, 2-furoic acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-guanidinobutyric acid, 4-methoxycinnamic acid, 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, acetovanillone, adenine, adipic acid, AMP, arabitol, arginine, Asparagine, Aspartic acid, β-alanine, Betaine, Caffeic acid, Caffeine, Carnitine, Carnosine, Catechin, Choline, Cinnamic acid, Citric acid, Citrulline, CMP, Coumaric acid, Cysteine, Cystine, Cytidine, Cytosine, D-Gluconic acid, D-Glucuronic acid, DL-Hydroxystearic acid, Ellagic acid, Epicatechin, Epicatechin gallate, Fructose, Fumaric acid, GABA, Galactose, Gallic acid, Glucosamine, Glucose, Glutamic acid, Glutamine, Glycine, guanine, hesperetin, histidine, homoserine, hydroxymethylfurfural, isoleucine, kynurenic acid, lactic acid, leucine, lysine, malic acid, mannitol, mannose, methionine, methyl gallate, methyl-2-pyrrolyl ketone, inositol, ornithine, pantothenic acid, phenylalanine, pipecolic acid, piperine, polydatin, proline, propyl gallate, pyridine, pyridoxine, pyruvic acid, quercetin, quinic acid, resveratrol, rum 12. The coffee replica of claim 4, further comprising at least 10 compounds selected from the group consisting of: glyceryl stearate, ...

13. 13. The coffee replica of any one of claims 4 to 12, wherein the one or more non-volatile compounds comprise at least five compounds selected from the group consisting of 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, aspartic acid, caffeine, choline, citric acid, lactic acid, sotolone, succinic acid, trans-ferulic acid, vanillic acid, and vanillin.

14. Coffee replica according to any one of claims 4 to 13, which is a solution, suspension or emulsion.

15. 15. The coffee replica of claim 14, wherein the solution, suspension, or emulsion is a ready-to-drink beverage.

16. 15. The coffee replica of claim 14, wherein the solution, suspension, or emulsion is a coffee concentrate.

17. Coffee replica according to any one of claims 4 to 13, which is solid.

18. 18. The coffee replica of claim 17 which is a coffee granule replica.

19. 18. The coffee replica of claim 17 which is a coffee powder replica.

20. A coffee replica according to any one of claims 4 to 19, comprising a solid substrate.

21. 21. The coffee replica of claim 20, wherein the solid substrate comprises processed or unprocessed grain or grain product, legume or legume seed, oil plant or oil seed, fruit or fruit product, root, stem, or root or stem product, sugar processing by-product, or other plant by-product.

22. 22. A coffee replica according to any one of claims 20 to 21, wherein the solid substrate comprises grape seeds.

23. water, one or more VOCs that are water soluble, and One or more non-volatile compounds that are water soluble creating an aqueous solution comprising: oil, One or more VOCs that are fat-soluble, and One or more non-volatile compounds that are fat-soluble forming an emulsion comprising: mixing the aqueous solution and the emulsion to create a flavor mixture.

13. A method for preparing a coffee replica comprising:

24. 24. The method of claim 23, further comprising processing the flavor mixture for commercial sterility.

25. 25. The method of any one of claims 23 to 24, wherein the coffee replica is a coffee granule replica.

26. 26. The method of claim 25, further comprising agglomerating the flavor mixture.

27. 25. The method of any one of claims 23 to 24, wherein the coffee replica is a coffee bean replica or a coffee powder replica and comprises a solid substrate.

28. 30. The method of claim 27, further comprising applying the flavor mixture to a solid substrate to produce a coated solid substrate.

29. One or more VOCs are 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-1-methylpyrrole, 2-acetylpyridine, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 2-ethylfuran, 2-furfuryl acetate, 2-heptanol, 2-heptanone, 2-methylbutyl isovalerate, 2-methylbutyraldehyde , 2-methylbutyric acid, 2-nonanol, 2-nonanone, 2-octanone, 2-pentylfuran, 2-phenyl-2-butenal, 2-phenylethanol, 2-undecanone, 3-ethylpyridine, 3-hexanone, 3-octanol, 4-carbomerenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-2-pentenal, 4'-methylacetophenone, 4-vinylphenol, 5-methyl- 29. The method of any one of claims 23 to 28, wherein the composition is free of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2-phenyl-2-hexenal, benzaldehyde, benzyl acetate, butyl alcohol, damascenone, decanal, diethyl disulfide, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl acetate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl heptanoate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl lactate, ethyl octanoate, ethyl phenyl acetate, ethyl tiglate, furfuryl propionate, geraniol, hexanal, hexanol, hexyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, isobutyric acid, limonene, linalool, methyl benzoate, methyl hexanoate, methyl nicotinate, methyl phenyl acetate, methyl salicylate, myrcene, nonanal, octanal, p-cresol, phenethyl acetate, phenylacetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, propionic acid, and valeric acid.

30. 30. The method of any one of claims 23-29, wherein the one or more VOCs comprise at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2-pentanol, β-ionone, ethyl benzoate, geranyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, maltol, massoialactone, and methyl anthranilate.

31. One or more VOCs are not present in the product, and may be present in the product as a result of the following: 2,3-butanedione, 2,3-diethyl-5-methylpyrazine, 2,3-hexanedione, 2,3-pentanedione, 2,5-dimethylphenol, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2-acetyl-5-methylfuran, 2-ethoxy-3-methylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine (IBMP), 2-isobutyric acid, ... ethyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methylpyrazine, 2-pentanol, 3-methylbutyric acid, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-furanone, 5-methylfurfural, acetoin acetate, amyl alcohol, β-damascenone, β-ionone, butyric acid, coffee furanone, δ-decalactone, δ- 31. The method of any one of claims 23 to 30, comprising at least 30 compounds selected from the group consisting of octalactone, diethyl succinate, difurfuryl ether, dimethyl trisulfide, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, ethyl benzoate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl decanoate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl laurate, ethyl maltol, eugenol, furaneol, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, gamma decalactone, gamma-nonalactone, geranyl acetate, guaiacol, isoamyl alcohol, isobutyraldehyde, isoeugenol, isopropenylpyrazine, isovaleraldehyde, isovaleric acid, maltol, massoialactone, methanethiol, methyl anthranilate, p-anisaldehyde, pyrrole, sotolon, syringol, valeraldehyde, vanillin erythro and / or threo-butane-2,3-diol acetal, and vanillyl ethyl ether.

32. 32. The method of any one of claims 23 to 31, wherein the one or more non-volatile compounds do not include at least one compound selected from the group consisting of 2(5H)-furanone, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-2-hydroxybutyric acid, 2-furoic acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-methoxycinnamic acid, 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, adenine, arabitol, betaine, caffeic acid, cytidine, D-gluconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, fructose, galactose, glucose, glutamic acid, hydroxymethylfurfural, malic acid, mannitol, methyl-2-pyrrolyl ketone, inositol, pyruvic acid, quinic acid, sorbitol, syringic acid, tartaric acid, tryptamine, and uracil.

33. 33. The method of any one of claims 23-32, wherein the one or more non-volatile compounds comprise at least one compound selected from the group consisting of acetovanillone, adipic acid, AMP, arginine, carnosine, cinnamic acid, citrulline, CMP, coumaric acid, cysteine, cystine, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, GABA, glucosamine, glutamine, guanine, hesperetin, histidine, isoleucine, kynurenic acid, leucine, lysine, mannose, methionine, methyl gallate, ornithine, pantothenic acid, pipecolic acid, piperine, polydatin, pyridoxine, quercetin, resveratrol, rutin, sinapic acid, sorbic acid, syringaldehyde, threonine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, tryptophan, tyramine, and tyrosine.

34. The non-volatile compound or compounds may be 2(5H)-furanone, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-2-hydroxybutyric acid, 2-furoic acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-guanidinobutyric acid, 4-methoxycinnamic acid, 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, acetovanillone, adenine, adipic acid, AMP, arabitol, arginine ... Asparagine, aspartic acid, β-alanine, betaine, caffeic acid, caffeine, carnitine, carnosine, catechin, choline, cinnamic acid, citric acid, citrulline, CMP, coumaric acid, cysteine, cystine, cytidine, cytosine, D-gluconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, DL-hydroxystearic acid, ellagic acid, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, fructose, fumaric acid, GABA, galactose, gallic acid, glucosamine, glucose, glutamic acid, glutamic acid amine, glycine, guanine, hesperetin, histidine, homoserine, hydroxymethylfurfural, isoleucine, kynurenic acid, lactic acid, leucine, lysine, malic acid, mannitol, mannose, methionine, methyl gallate, methyl-2-pyrrolyl ketone, inositol, ornithine, pantothenic acid, phenylalanine, pipecolic acid, piperine, polydatin, proline, propyl gallate, pyridine, pyridoxine, pyruvic acid, quercetin, quinic acid, resveratrol 34. The method of any one of claims 23 to 33, wherein the soluble soluble glycerol comprises at least ten compounds selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhamnose, ribose, rutin, salicylic acid, serine, sinapic acid, sorbic acid, sorbitol, sotolon, succinic acid, syringaldehyde, syringic acid, tartaric acid, threonine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, trans-ferulic acid, tryptamine, tryptophan, tyramine, tyrosine, uracil, valine, vanillic acid, vanillin, and xylose.

35. 35. The method of any one of claims 23 to 34, wherein the one or more non-volatile compounds comprise at least five compounds selected from the group consisting of 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, aspartic acid, caffeine, choline, citric acid, lactic acid, sotolone, succinic acid, trans-ferulic acid, vanillic acid, and vanillin.

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