Light guide device and electronic device including the same

Abstract

To provide a light guide device and an electronic device which are miniaturized and made compact.SOLUTION: A light guide device includes: a projector including a lens disposed to emit light and a barrel coupled to the lens; a first substrate that guides the light emitted from the projector; a first diffraction element region disposed on the first substrate and receiving the light; a second diffraction element region disposed on the first substrate and spaced apart from the first diffraction element region; and a first lens L1 in which the lens is disposed closest to the first substrate. The first diffraction element region overlaps the first lens of the projector in an optical axis direction of the first lens, and a diameter of the first diffraction element region of the first substrate is smaller than a diameter of the first lens of the projector.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The embodiments relate to a light guide apparatus and an electronic device including the same.

[0002] Virtual reality (VR) refers to a specific environment or situation that resembles reality but is not real, created using artificial technology such as a computer, or the technology itself.

[0003] Augmented reality (AR) is a technology that synthesizes virtual objects and information into a real environment, making the objects appear as if they actually exist in the original environment.

[0004] Mixed reality (MR) or hybrid reality means combining the virtual and real worlds to create new environments and new information. In particular, it is called mixed reality when it refers to the ability to interact in real time between real and virtual entities.

[0005] The virtual environment or situation created stimulates the user's five senses and provides a spatial and temporal experience similar to the real one, allowing the user to freely move between reality and imagination. In addition, the user is not only immersed in the environment, but can also interact with the objects embodied in the environment by operating and directing them using real devices.

[0006] Recently, research into gear and devices used in these technical fields has been actively conducted, however, there is an increasing need to miniaturize such equipment and improve its optical performance. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] In the embodiments, when using a light guide device used in AR (Augmented Reality) and the like, and an electronic device including the same, the diffraction efficiency is improved by adjusting the diameter of the lens, the projector, and the distance between the first diffraction element region, thereby providing a light guide device and an electronic device that are smaller and more compact.

[0008] In addition, by adjusting the position of each element, a light guide apparatus and an electronic device with a reduced volume can be provided.

[0009] The problems to be solved by the embodiments are not limited to these, and may include the means for solving the problems described below and the objectives and effects that can be grasped from the embodiments. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] A light guide device according to an embodiment includes a projector including a lens arranged to emit light and a barrel coupled to the lens, a first substrate for guiding the light emitted from the projector, a first diffraction element region arranged on the first substrate for receiving the light, a second diffraction element region arranged on the first substrate and spaced apart from the first diffraction element region, and a first lens arranged closest to the first substrate, wherein the first diffraction element region overlaps with the first lens of the projector in the optical axis direction of the first lens, and a diameter of the first diffraction element region of the first substrate is smaller than a diameter of the first lens of the projector.

[0011] The diameter of the first diffraction element region of the first substrate may be smaller than a diameter of the barrel of the projector.

[0012] The first lens of the projector and the first diffractive element region of the first substrate can be disposed so as to face each other.

[0013] The projector has an angle of view, The diameter of the first diffractive element region of the first substrate and the diameter of the first lens of the projector may satisfy the following formula 1.

[0014] [Formula 1] 1.9*[IC / 2+y1]≦a diameter of the first lens≦2.1*[IC / 2+y1] y1=distance between the first diffraction element region and L1S1*tan(H_Fov) (where IC is the diameter of the first diffractive element region, L1S1 is the surface of the first lens adjacent to the first substrate, H_Fov is half or 0.5 times the projector angle of view, and distance between the first diffractive element region and L1S1 is the shortest distance from the center of the first lens to the center of the diameter of the first diffractive element region) The first diffraction element region of the first substrate can be disposed on one of the two surfaces of the first substrate, the surface not facing the first lens of the projector.

[0015] The projector has an angle of view, The diameter of the first diffractive element region of the first substrate and the diameter of the first lens of the projector can satisfy the following formula 2.

[0016] [Formula 2] 1.9*[IC / 2+y2]≦a diameter of the first lens≦2.1*[IC / 2+y2] y2=distance between WG1S2 and L1S1*tan(H_Fov)+thickness of first substrate (WG1 thickness)*tan(asin(n0*sin(H_Fov) / n_WG1)) (where IC is the diameter of the first diffraction element region, L1S1 is the surface of the first lens adjacent to the first substrate, WG1S2 is the surface of the first substrate adjacent to the first lens of the projector, H_Fov is 1 / 2 the angle of view of the projector, n0 is the refractive index of air, and n_WG1 is the refractive index of the first substrate.) The optical element may include an optical member disposed on the first diffractive element region of the first substrate.

[0017] The refractive index of the optical member may be greater than the refractive index of air and may be the same as or less than the refractive index of the first substrate.

[0018] The thickness of the optical member may be the same as or smaller than the thickness of the first substrate.

[0019] The size of the optical member may be larger than the diameter of the first lens of the projector.

[0020] The distance between the optical member and the first substrate may be smaller than the distance between the optical member and the first lens of the projector.

[0021] The projector has an angle of view, The diameter of the first diffractive element region of the first substrate and the diameter of the first lens of the projector may satisfy the following formula 3.

[0022] [Formula 3] 1.9*[IC / 2+y3]≦a diameter of the first lens≦2.1*[IC / 2+y3] y3=(distance between WG1S2 and L1S1-thickness of optical element*tan(H_Fov)+thickness of optical element*tan(asin(n0*sin(H_Fov) / n1)) (Here, IC is the diameter of the first diffraction element region, L1S1 is the surface of the first lens adjacent to the first substrate (first lens surface), WG1S2 is the surface of the first substrate adjacent to the first lens of the projector (second surface), and H_Fov is 1 / 2 the angle of view of the projector. Also, n0 is the refractive index of air, n_WG1 is the refractive index of the first substrate, and n1 is the refractive index of the optical member.) The length from the first substrate to the optical member may be smaller than the thickness of the optical member.

[0023] The light guide device of the embodiment includes a projector including a lens arranged to emit light and a barrel coupled to the lens, a first substrate arranged adjacent to the projector and guiding the light emitted from the projector, and a second substrate arranged below the first substrate, a first diffraction element region arranged on the first substrate and receiving the light, a second diffraction element region arranged on the first substrate and spaced apart from the first diffraction element region, and a first lens arranged closest to the first substrate, wherein the first diffraction element region overlaps with the first lens of the projector in the optical axis direction of the first lens, and a diameter of the first diffraction element region of the first substrate is smaller than a diameter of the first lens of the projector.

[0024] The projector has an angle of view, The diameter of the first diffractive element of the first substrate and the diameter of the first lens of the projector may satisfy the following formula 1.

[0025] [Formula 1] 1.9*[IC / 2+y1]≦a diameter of the first lens≦2.1*[IC / 2+y1] y1=distance between the first diffraction element region and L1S1*tan(H_Fov) (where IC is the diameter of the first diffractive element region, L1S1 is the surface of the first lens adjacent to the first substrate, H_Fov is half or 0.5 times the projector angle of view, and distance between the first diffractive element region and L1S1 is the shortest distance from the center of the first lens to the center of the diameter of the first diffractive element region) The projector has an angle of view, the first diffraction element region of the first substrate is disposed on one of two surfaces of the first substrate that does not face the first lens of the projector, The diameter of the first diffractive element region of the first substrate and the diameter of the first lens of the projector can satisfy the following formula 2.

[0026] [Formula 2] 1.9*[IC / 2+y2]≦a diameter of the first lens≦2.1*[IC / 2+y2] y2=distance between WG1S2 and L1S1*tan(H_Fov)+thickness of first substrate (WG1 thickness)*tan(asin(n0*sin(H_Fov) / n_WG1)) (where IC is the diameter of the first diffraction element region, L1S1 is the surface of the first lens adjacent to the first substrate, WG1S2 is the surface of the first substrate adjacent to the first lens of the projector, H_Fov is 1 / 2 the angle of view of the projector, n0 is the refractive index of air, and n_WG1 is the refractive index of the first substrate.) an optical member disposed on the first diffractive element region of the first substrate; The projector has an angle of view, The diameter of the first diffractive element region of the first substrate and the diameter of the first lens of the projector may satisfy the following formula 3.

[0027] [Formula 3] 1.9*[IC / 2+y3]≦a diameter of the first lens≦2.1*[IC / 2+y3] y3=(distance between WG1S2 and L1S1-thickness of optical element*tan(H_Fov)+thickness of optical element*tan(asin(n0*sin(H_Fov) / n1)) (Here, IC is the diameter of the first diffraction element region, L1S1 is the surface of the first lens adjacent to the first substrate (first lens surface), WG1S2 is the surface of the first substrate adjacent to the first lens of the projector (second surface), and H_Fov is 1 / 2 the angle of view of the projector. Also, n0 is the refractive index of air, n_WG1 is the refractive index of the first substrate, and n1 is the refractive index of the optical member.) Effect of the Invention

[0028] In the embodiment, when using a light guide device used in AR (Augmented Reality) and an electronic device including the same, the diffraction efficiency is improved by adjusting the diameter of the lens, the distance between the projector, and the first diffraction element region, thereby realizing a light guide device and an electronic device that are miniaturized and compact.

[0029] In addition, by adjusting the position of each element, a light guide device and an electronic device with a reduced volume can be realized.

[0030] The various and beneficial advantages and effects of the present invention are not limited to the above, but will be more easily understood in the course of describing specific embodiments of the present invention. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0031] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an augmented reality electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] 1 is a perspective view of an augmented reality electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a projector device according to an embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a projector device according to an embodiment. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is a diagram of a projector device and a light guide device according to the first embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion K1 in FIG. [Figure 7] 1 is a diagram of a light guide device according to a first embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion K2 in FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 11 is a diagram of a projector device and a light guide device according to a second embodiment. [Figure 10] This is an enlarged view of K3 in FIG. [Figure 11] FIG. 13 is a diagram of a projector device and a light guide device according to a third embodiment. [Figure 12] This is an enlarged view of K4 in FIG. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a projector device and a light guide device according to a fourth embodiment. [Figure 14] This is an enlarged view of K5 in FIG. [Figure 15] 11 is a graph showing the effect of a light guide device according to an embodiment. [Figure 16] 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating the length of the light guide device in the embodiment when in use. [Figure 17] FIG. 13 is a diagram of a projector device and a light guide device according to a fifth embodiment. [Figure 18] This is an enlarged view of K6 in FIG. [Figure 19] FIG. 13 is a diagram of a projector device and a light guide device according to a sixth embodiment. [Figure 20] FIG. 13 is a diagram of a light guide device according to a seventh embodiment. [Figure 21] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an example (camera module) of an electronic device according to an embodiment. [Figure 22] 22A to 22C are diagrams illustrating the configuration and operation of the camera module of FIG. 21. [Diagram 23] This is a modified example of FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0032] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] However, the technical concept of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described, but may be embodied in various different forms, and one or more of the components of the embodiments may be selectively combined and substituted within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention.

[0034] Furthermore, unless otherwise clearly defined and described, terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in the embodiments of the present invention are to be interpreted as meanings that can be commonly understood by a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, and commonly used terms, such as terms defined in a dictionary, may be interpreted in light of the contextual meaning of the relevant art.

[0035] Furthermore, the terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are intended to describe the embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0036] In this specification, the singular form includes the plural form unless otherwise indicated in the context, and when describing "A and (and) at least one (or more) of B and C," it can include one or more of all possible combinations of A, B, and C.

[0037] Additionally, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), (b), etc. may be used in describing components of embodiments of the present invention.

[0038] Such terms are used merely to distinguish a component from other components, and are not intended to limit the nature, order, or procedure of the component.

[0039] Furthermore, when a component is described as being "coupled," "coupled," or "connected" to another component, this includes not only cases where the component is directly coupled, coupled, or connected to the other component, but also cases where the component is "coupled," "coupled," or "connected" by another component between the component and the other component.

[0040] In addition, when it is described as being formed or disposed "above or below" each component, the above or below includes not only the case where the two components are in direct contact with each other, but also the case where one or more other components are formed or disposed between the two components. In addition, when it is expressed as "above or below," it can include not only the upper direction but also the lower direction based on one component.

[0041] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an augmented reality electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] 1, the augmented reality electronic device 20 may include a wireless communication unit 21, an input unit 22, a sensing unit 23, an output unit 24, an interface unit 25, a memory 26, a control unit 27, and a power supply unit 28. The components shown in FIG. 1 are not essential for realizing the electronic device 20, and therefore the electronic device 20 described herein may have more or less components than those listed above.

[0043] More specifically, among the above components, the wireless communication unit 21 may include one or more modules that enable wireless communication between the electronic device 20 and a wireless communication system, between the electronic device 20 and another electronic device, or between the electronic device 20 and an external server. The wireless communication unit 21 may also include one or more modules that connect the electronic device 20 to one or more networks.

[0044] The wireless communication unit 21 may include at least one of a broadcast receiving module, a mobile communication module, a wireless Internet module, a short-range communication module, and a location information module.

[0045] The input unit 22 may include a camera or a video input unit for inputting a video signal, a microphone or an audio input unit for inputting an audio signal, and a user input unit (e.g., a touch key, a mechanical key, etc.) for inputting information from a user. The voice data and image data collected by the input unit 22 may be analyzed and processed according to a user's control command.

[0046] The sensing unit 23 may include one or more sensors for sensing at least one of information within the electronic device 20, environmental information surrounding the electronic device 20, and user information.

[0047] For example, the sensing unit 23 may include at least one of a proximity sensor, an illumination sensor, a touch sensor, an acceleration sensor, a magnetic sensor, a gravity sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a motion sensor, an RGB sensor, an infrared sensor (IR sensor), a finger scan sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an optical sensor (e.g., a photographing means), a microphone, a battery gauge, an environmental sensor (e.g., a barometer, a hygrometer, a thermometer, a radiation detection sensor, a heat detection sensor, a gas detection sensor, etc.), and a chemical sensor (e.g., an electronic nose, a health care sensor, a biometric recognition sensor, etc.). Meanwhile, the electronic device 20 disclosed in the present specification may utilize information sensed by at least two or more of such sensors in combination.

[0048] The output unit 24 generates an output related to vision, hearing, touch, or the like, and may include at least one of a display unit, an audio output unit, a haptic module, and an optical output unit. The display unit may be layered with a touch sensor or may be integrally formed with the touch sensor to realize a touch screen. Such a touch screen may function as a user input means for providing an input interface between the augmented reality electronic device 20 and a user, and may also provide an output interface between the augmented reality electronic device 20 and a user.

[0049] The interface unit 25 serves as a passageway between the electronic device 20 and various kinds of external devices connected to the electronic device 20. Through the interface unit 25, the electronic device 20 can receive virtual reality or augmented reality content from the external devices and can perform mutual interaction by exchanging various input signals, sensing signals, and data.

[0050] For example, the interface unit 25 may include at least one of a wired / wireless headset port, an external charger port, a wired / wireless data port, a memory card port, a port for connecting a device equipped with an identification module, an audio I / O (Input / Output) port, a video I / O (Input / Output) port, and an earphone port.

[0051] The memory 26 also stores data supporting various functions of the electronic device 20. The memory 26 may store a plurality of application programs (or applications) run by the electronic device 20, and data and instructions for the operation of the electronic device 20. At least some of the application programs may be downloaded from an external server via wireless communication. At least some of the application programs may be present on the electronic device 20 from the time of release for basic functions of the electronic device 20 (e.g., functions of receiving and sending calls, functions of receiving and sending messages).

[0052] In addition to operations related to application programs, the control unit 27 typically controls the overall operation of the electronic device 20. The control unit 27 can process signals, data, information, etc. input or output via the above-mentioned components.

[0053] In addition, the control unit 27 can provide appropriate information to a user or process functions by controlling at least some of the components by running an application program stored in the memory 26. Furthermore, the control unit 27 can operate at least two or more components included in the electronic device 20 in combination with each other to run the application program.

[0054] In addition, the control unit 27 may sense the movement of the electronic device 20 or the user using a gyroscope sensor, a gravity sensor, a motion sensor, etc. included in the sensing unit 23. Alternatively, the control unit 27 may sense an object approaching the electronic device 20 or the user's vicinity using a proximity sensor, an illuminance sensor, a magnetic sensor, an infrared sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an optical sensor, etc. included in the sensing unit 23. In addition, the control unit 27 may sense the movement of the user through a sensor provided in a controller that operates in conjunction with the electronic device 20.

[0055] In addition, the control unit 27 can perform the operations (or functions) of the electronic device 20 using application programs stored in the memory .

[0056] Under the control of the control unit 27, the power supply unit 28 receives an external power source or an internal power source and supplies power to each component included in the electronic device 20. The power supply unit 28 includes a battery, and the battery may be provided in a built-in or replaceable form.

[0057] At least some of the above components may cooperate with each other to implement the operation, control, or control method of the electronic device according to various embodiments described below. In addition, the operation, control, or control method of the electronic device may be implemented on the electronic device by running at least one application program stored in the memory 26.

[0058] Hereinafter, an electronic device described as an example of the present invention will be described based on an embodiment applied to a head mounted display (HMD). However, examples of the electronic device according to the present invention may include mobile phones, smart phones, laptop computers, digital broadcasting terminals, personal digital assistants (PDAs), portable multimedia players (PMPs), navigation systems, slate PCs, tablet PCs, ultrabooks, and wearable devices. In addition to HMDs, wearable devices may include smart watches, contact lenses, VR / AR / MR Glasses, and the like.

[0059] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an augmented reality electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] As shown in FIG. 2, the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present invention may include a frame 100, a projector 200, and a display unit 300.

[0061] The electronic device may be provided as a glass type (smart glass). The glass type electronic device is configured to be wearable on the head of a human body, and may include a frame (case, housing, etc.) 100 for this purpose. The frame 100 may be formed of a flexible material so as to be easily worn.

[0062] The frame 100 is supported by the head and has a space for mounting various components. As shown in the figure, electronic components such as a projector device 200, a user input unit 130, or an audio output unit 140 can be mounted on the frame 100. In addition, a lens covering at least one of the left eye and the right eye can be removably mounted on the frame 100.

[0063] As shown in the figure, the frame 100 may have the form of glasses worn on the face of the user's body, but is not necessarily limited to this and may also have the form of goggles or the like worn in close contact with the user's face.

[0064] Such a frame 100 may include a front frame 110 with at least one opening, and a pair of side frames 120 extending in the y direction (in FIG. 2) intersecting the front frame 110 and parallel to each other.

[0065] Frame 100 may have a length D1 in the x-direction and a length LI in the y-direction that may be the same or different.

[0066] The project device 200 is provided to control various electronic components provided in an electronic device. The project device 200 may be used interchangeably with the terms "light output device," "light project device," "light irradiation device," "optical device," "projector," and the like.

[0067] The projector device 200 can generate an image or a sequence of images that can be viewed by a user. The projector device 200 can include an image source panel that generates an image, and a number of lenses that diffuse and converge light generated from the image source panel.

[0068] The project device 200 can be fixed to either one of the two side frames 120. For example, the project device 200 can be fixed to the inside or outside of either one of the side frames 120, or can be built into and integrally formed within either one of the side frames 120. Alternatively, the project device 200 can be fixed to the front frame 110, or can be provided separately from the electronic device.

[0069] The display unit 300 may be embodied in the form of a head mounted display (HMD). The HMD form refers to a display method that is worn on the head and directly displays an image in front of the user's eyes. When the user wears the electronic device, the display unit 300 may be disposed to correspond to at least one of the left eye and the right eye so that an image can be directly provided in front of the user's eyes. In this drawing, the display unit 300 is illustrated as being disposed in a portion corresponding to the right eye so that an image can be output toward the right eye of the user. However, as described above, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the display unit 300 may be disposed in both the left eye and the right eye.

[0070] The display unit 300 allows a user to visually recognize the external environment and at the same time allows the user to see an image generated by the projector 200. For example, the display unit 300 may project an image onto a display area using a prism.

[0071] In addition, the display unit 300 may be formed to be translucent so that a projected image and a general field of view (the range a user sees through his / her eyes) in front of the display unit 300 can be simultaneously displayed. For example, the display unit 300 may be translucent and formed of an optical member including glass. For example, the display unit 300 may be a light guide device or may include a light guide device.

[0072] In addition, the display unit 300 may be inserted into an opening included in the front frame 110 and fixed thereto, or may be located behind the opening (i.e., between the opening and the user) and fixed thereto. In the drawings, the display unit 300 is located behind the opening and fixed to the front frame 110 as an example, but the display unit 300 may be disposed and fixed at various positions on the frame 100.

[0073] As shown in FIG. 2, when image light for an image is incident on one side of the display unit 300 from the projector 200, the image light is emitted to the other side through the display unit 300, allowing the user to see the image generated by the projector 200.

[0074] As a result, the user can simultaneously view the external environment through the opening of the frame 100 and the image generated by the projector 200. That is, the image output through the display unit 300 appears to overlap with the general field of view. Using such display characteristics, the electronic device can provide Augmented Reality (AR), which overlays a virtual image on a real image or background to display it as one image.

[0075] In addition to such driving, the external environment and an image generated by the project device 200 can be provided to a user with a time difference for a short period of time that cannot be recognized by humans. For example, within one frame, the external environment can be provided to a person in one section, and an image from the project device 200 can be provided to a person in another section.

[0076] Alternatively, both overlap and stagger can be provided.

[0077] In addition, the project device according to the embodiment may have a structure described below or may further include a waveguide and / or glass in the structure. In addition, the project device may include a DLP (Digital Light Processing) projector or a project device.

[0078] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the projector according to the embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the projector according to the embodiment.

[0079] 3 and 4, the projection device 200 according to the embodiment may include a light source unit, a housing, a lens unit, a light modulator, and a projection lens unit 290.

[0080] The housing may have a space or a housing groove in which each component of the project apparatus 200 is housed or disposed. The housing may be located on the outermost side of the project apparatus 200.

[0081] Also, the housing may have a structure with one side open. Therefore, the above-mentioned components may be assembled through the open area or surface. The housing may have various shapes. For example, the housing may have a hexahedral structure. Therefore, the projecting device according to the embodiment may be easily mounted on an electronic device. Also, the projecting device according to the embodiment may be easily miniaturized or compact.

[0082] The light source unit may be disposed within the housing. The light source unit may be disposed adjacent to any one of the exterior surfaces of the housing.

[0083] The light source unit may include at least one light source, and when there are a plurality of light sources, the light sources may emit light of different wavelength bands or colors.

[0084] The lens unit may be composed of at least one optical element (e.g., a lens). The lens unit may focus light. This configuration reduces the loss of light emitted from the light source unit, and facilitates the reduction in the volume of the projector.

[0085] The lens unit may also include a relay lens or the like, and may align or change the path of the light beam. The lens unit may also adjust the size of the illumination or image (maximum area of ​​the light beam) provided by the illumination system, or compensate for optical differences.

[0086] The lens portion may also include an element (eg, a prism, etc.) that changes the light path.

[0087] For example, the lens unit may include a total internal reflection prism (TIR prism). As described above, the prism can change the traveling direction of the light beam. That is, the prism can transmit and reflect the light beam. With such a configuration, the projection device according to the embodiment can be made smaller.

[0088] The optical modulator may be disposed at the rear end of the prism. The optical modulator may emit light transmitted through the prism back to the prism. The optical modulator may reflect incident light to project an image. For example, the optical modulator may emit or project an image based on an image signal input via a substrate or the like. That is, the optical modulator may modulate light output from a light source unit.

[0089] According to an embodiment, the light modulator may include a Digital Micromirror Device (DMD). The light modulator may include a number of small mirrors.

[0090] The projection lens unit 290 may be disposed at the rear end of the prism. The projection lens unit 290 may also be located at the rear end of the projector device 200. When the light emitted from the optical modulator is reflected by the prism, the light reflected by the prism may enter the projection lens unit 290. The projection lens unit 290 may project the light emitted from the projector device onto a screen or a waveguide (or a display unit).

[0091] In an embodiment, the projection lens portion 290 can adjust the size of the image so that the light rays enter within an entrance pupil diameter (EPD) of a waveguide or the like.

[0092] For this reason, the projection lens section 290 according to the embodiment may include a barrel 291 and a plurality of lenses L1 to L4 (or an optical system) disposed within the barrel.

[0093] The projector device according to the embodiment may include an illuminating system and a projection system (or a projector system, a projector unit, a projection unit, etc.).

[0094] Such an illumination system includes a prism as a component, and can receive light from a source (illumination light) and emit the light in a predetermined direction. The illumination light can be transmitted or provided to a light modulator of a projection system.

[0095] The projection system may include a prism, a light modulator, and a projection lens unit 290. The projection system may include a prism as a component. In an embodiment, the prism may be an element of the illumination system and the projection system.

[0096] Furthermore, the projection system may further include the above-mentioned illumination system. That is, the projection system may modulate the illumination light generated in the illumination system through an optical modulator, and emit or diverge the light in a predetermined direction through a prism and a projection lens unit 290.

[0097] The light modulator reflects the illumination light as patterned light, and the patterned light can pass through the projection lens unit 290 and be output to the outside of the projection device.

[0098] Also, the output of the projector device and the input of the waveguide or wave guide or light guide device may be located in correspondence.

[0099] In the embodiment, as described above, the projection lens unit 290 may include a plurality of lenses L1 to L4. The plurality of lenses may include a first lens L1, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, and a fourth lens L4. The first lens L1 may be located at the outermost side of the projection device 200. The first lens L1 may also be located closest to the light guide device or the waveguide or the first substrate of the light guide device. Thus, the light transmitted through the first lens L1 may be guided to the first substrate of the light guide device.

[0100] Figure 5 is a diagram of a projector device and a light guide device according to the first embodiment, Figure 6 is an enlarged view of part K1 of Figure 5, Figure 7 is a diagram of a light guide device according to the first embodiment, and Figure 8 is an enlarged view of part K2 of Figure 7.

[0101] 5 to 8, the light guide device 300 in this embodiment may or may not include the project device 200. For example, the light guide device 300 may include the project device 200, a substrate, and a diffraction element (diffraction element region). Alternatively, the light guide device 300 may include a substrate and a diffraction element (diffraction element region).

[0102] The optical guide device 300 according to the first embodiment may include a first substrate 311 and first diffraction element portions 312, 313, 314. Further, the optical guide device 300 according to the embodiment may include a projection device (hereinafter, projector) 200. As described above, the optical guide device 300 may have a structure separated from the projector 200. At this time, the first lens L1 of the projector 200 to be described later and the optical guide device 300 may be disposed separately. Also, the projector 200 may include a projection lens unit 290 including a plurality of lenses and a barrel 291 as described above. In particular, in the projector 200, the lens may include the first lens L1. At this time, the first lens L1 may be disposed closest to the first substrate 311.

[0103] Also, the first diffraction element portion according to the embodiment may include a plurality of diffraction element regions. The first diffraction element portion is disposed on the first substrate 311 and may have a pattern in nanometer units. Thereby, the first diffraction element portion can diffract and guide the light incident from the projector 200. For example, the first diffraction element portion may include a first diffraction element region 312 and a second diffraction element region 314. Further, the first diffraction element portion may include a third diffraction element region 313 located between the first diffraction element region 312 and the second diffraction element region 314. The first diffraction element region 312 may correspond to an "in-coupler". The second diffraction element region 314 may correspond to an "out-coupler". The third diffraction element region 313 may correspond to a folding grating.

[0104] The optical guide device 300 can change the path of the light output from the light output unit and incident thereon and output the light to the outside again. The light is incident on the first diffraction element region 312, the third diffraction element region 313, and the second diffraction element region 314 in this order and is output to the outside again. The incident direction of the light on the optical guide device 300 may be the first direction. The first direction may mean the incident direction of the light or the opposite direction thereof.

[0105] In the embodiment, the first substrate 311 may guide the light emitted from the projector 200. The first substrate 311 may serve as a path for transmitting the light. The first diffraction element region 312, the third diffraction element region 313, and the second diffraction element region 314 may be disposed on the first substrate 311. The light may be totally reflected inside the first substrate 311 and move along the inside of the first substrate 311. The first substrate 311 may include a waveguide. The first diffraction element region 312, the third diffraction element region 313, and the second diffraction element region 314 may be disposed on the first substrate 311 at a distance from each other. The first substrate 311 may extend in a second direction perpendicular to a first direction in which the light is incident. The refractive index of the first substrate 311 may be 1.4 to 2.0.

[0106] The first diffraction element region 312 can guide the light to be incident on the first substrate 311. That is, the first diffraction element region 312 can play a role of guiding the light. Alternatively, the first diffraction element region 312 can receive the light. The first diffraction element region 312 can play a role of guiding the light to be incident on the first substrate 311. The first diffraction element region 312 can be disposed on the first substrate 311. Light can be incident on the light guide device 300 from the outside or the projector 200 through the first diffraction element region 312, and can be transmitted to the second diffraction element region 314 and the third diffraction element region 313 along the first substrate 311. The first diffraction element region 312 can change the path of the light by diffracting the light.

[0107] The third diffraction element region 313 can play a role in changing the path of light. The third diffraction element region 313 can be disposed on the first substrate 311. The third diffraction element region 313 can change the path of light incident through the first diffraction element region 312. The third diffraction element region 313 can change the path of light to guide the light toward the second diffraction element region 314. The third diffraction element region 313 can change the path of light by diffracting the light.

[0108] The second diffraction element region 314 may play a role of guiding light to be emitted to the outside, such as to a user. The second diffraction element region 314 may be disposed on the first substrate 311. The light may be emitted to the outside of the light guide device 300 through the second diffraction element region 314. The second diffraction element region 314 may receive light whose path has been changed from the first transmission element and emit the light to the outside. The second diffraction element region 314 may change the path of the light and emit the light to the outside. The first emission diffraction element may change the path of the light by diffracting the light. The second diffraction element region 314 may be disposed apart from the first diffraction element region 312. The second diffraction element region 314 may also emit the light.

[0109] The first diffraction element region 312, the third diffraction element region 313, and the second diffraction element region 314 may include a plurality of protrusions. The plurality of protrusions may have a certain width, period, and height, and may be disposed on the first diffraction element region 312, the third diffraction element region 313, and the second diffraction element region 314. The plurality of protrusions may protrude in a first direction on the first diffraction element region 312, the third diffraction element region 313, and the second diffraction element region 314. The plurality of protrusions may be disposed spaced apart in a vector direction of the pattern including the protrusions. Depending on the width, period, and height of the plurality of protrusions, the paths of light after passing through the first diffraction element region 312, the third diffraction element region 313, and the second diffraction element region 314 may change to be different from each other. The width of the protrusions may mean the width in the vector direction of the pattern including the protrusions. The period of the protrusions may mean the interval in the vector direction of the pattern including the protrusions between the same side of the protrusions adjacent to one side of the protrusions. The height of the protrusion may refer to the height of the portion of the protrusion that protrudes in the first direction. Such protrusions may be arranged to have a predetermined pattern.

[0110] In an embodiment, the first diffraction element region 312, the third diffraction element region 313, and the second diffraction element region 314 may be made of the same material or different materials. For example, the first diffraction element region 312, the third diffraction element region 313, and the second diffraction element region 314 may be formed of the same material. In addition, the refractive index of the first diffraction element region 312, the third diffraction element region 313, and the second diffraction element region 314 may be 1.7 to 2.7.

[0111] Furthermore, the outline (boundary region) of the first diffraction element region 312 and the outline (boundary region) of the third diffraction element region 313 do not overlap with each other. If they overlap, a part of the light entering the second diffraction element region 314 from the third diffraction element region 313 is blocked, and an image may not be output from the blocked region in the second diffraction element region 314. If the outline (boundary region) of the first diffraction element region 312 and the outline (boundary region) of the third diffraction element region 313 overlap with each other, efficiency decreases, so it is preferable that the outline (boundary region) of the first diffraction element region 312 and the outline (boundary region) of the third diffraction element region 313 do not overlap with each other.

[0112] The third diffraction element region 313 according to the embodiment may include a first region 313a adjacent to the second diffraction element region 314, and a second region 313b adjacent to the first region 313a and spaced apart from the second diffraction element region 314.

[0113] The first region 313a and the second region 313b may mean a partial region of the third diffraction element region 313. The first region 313a and the second region 313b may be two regions that are divided from each other when viewed from the first direction in which an optical signal is incident on the third diffraction element region 313. The first region 313a may be a region adjacent to the second diffraction element region 314 of the third diffraction element region 313. The first region 313a may be a region adjacent to the first diffraction element region 312 of the third diffraction element region 313. The second region 313b may be a region separated from the second diffraction element region 314 of the third diffraction element region 313. The second region 313b may be a region separated from the first diffraction element region 312 of the third diffraction element region 313. The separation distance between the first region 313a and the second diffraction element region 314 may be smaller than the separation distance between the second region 313b and the second diffraction element region 314. The shapes or areas of the first region 313a and the second region 313b may be different from each other. The first region 313a and the second region 313b may each include a plurality of surfaces. Some surfaces of the first region 313a and some surfaces of the second region 313b may be in contact with each other.

[0114] The first region 313a includes a first pattern, and the first pattern includes a first protrusion protruding in the first direction. The second region 313b may include a second pattern and include a second protrusion protruding in the first direction. The first protrusion and the second protrusion may be portions protruding in the first direction in the first region 313a and the second region 313b, respectively. The first direction may be the direction in which the light of the projector is incident on the first diffraction element region 312. The first direction may mean the direction in which light is incident or the opposite direction thereof. The first direction means a direction perpendicular to the first substrate 311.

[0115] The first protrusion and the second protrusion can be repeatedly arranged on the first region 313a and the second region 313b with a certain period, width, and height. The plurality of first protrusions are perpendicular to the first direction and can be arranged at intervals from each other in the vector direction of the first region 313a of the third diffraction element region 313. The plurality of second protrusions are perpendicular to the first direction and can be arranged at intervals from each other in the vector direction of the second region 313b of the third diffraction element region 313.

[0116] In addition, the first diffraction element region 312 in the light guide device 300 according to the embodiment can overlap the first lens L1 of the projector 200 in the optical axis direction of the first lens L1 (for example, when vertically arranged, it corresponds to the first direction). That is, the first lens L1 and the first diffraction element region 312 can overlap with each other based on the optical axis direction of the first lens L1. With this configuration, the light emitted through the first lens L1 of the projector 200 can be provided to the first diffraction element region 312 without loss. As a result, the light loss of the light guide device according to the embodiment can be minimized, and improved light efficiency can be provided.

[0117] Also, the first substrate 311 and the first diffraction element portion may have the same or different refractive indexes. The first substrate 311 according to the embodiment may have a refractive index of 1.4 to 2.0. For example, the first substrate 311 may include glass. Also, the first diffraction element portion may be made of an insulating material. For example, the first diffraction element portion may include polymer, TiO2, HfO2, Al2O3, SiO2, etc. Also, the first diffraction element portion may have a refractive index of 1.7 to 2.7. An optical member (e.g., a cover glass) described later may have a refractive index of 1.4 to 1.6.

[0118] In an embodiment, the diameter r2 of the first diffractive element region 312 on the first substrate 311 may be smaller than the diameter r3 of the first lens L1 of the projector 200.

[0119] Furthermore, the diameter r 2 of the first diffraction element region 312 of the first substrate 311 may be smaller than the diameter r 1 of the barrel 291 of the projector 200 .

[0120] Thereby, the light guide device according to the embodiment can be easily miniaturized.

[0121] In addition, according to the embodiment, the first lens L1 of the projector 200 and the first diffractive element region 312 on the first substrate 311 can be disposed to face each other. This allows the light guide device according to the embodiment to minimize light loss.

[0122] Furthermore, the projector 200 according to the embodiment can have a predetermined angle of view θa. The angle of view θa can be called FOV (field of view or angle of view), etc.

[0123] A diameter r2 of the first diffractive element region 312 on the first substrate 311 and a diameter r3 of the first lens L1 of the projector 200 according to the embodiment can satisfy the following formula 1.

[0124] [Formula 1] 1.9*[IC / 2+y1]≦a diameter of first lens≦2.1*[IC / 2+y1] y1=distance between the first diffraction element region and L1S1(first lens surface)*tan(H_Fov) Here, IC is the diameter of the first diffraction element region, L1S1 is the surface of the first lens adjacent to the first substrate, H_Fov is half or 0.5 times the projector angle of view θa, and the distance between IC and L1S1(D1) is the shortest distance from the center of the first lens to the center of the diameter of the first diffraction element region.

[0125] This allows the projector and light guide device to have a predetermined size and, when worn on the user's face, to avoid collision between the projector and the user's face when placed on the side of the user (e.g., in the area adjacent to the ear).

[0126] FIG. 9 is a diagram of a projector device and a light guide device according to a second embodiment, and FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of K3 in FIG.

[0127] 9 and 10, the light guide device 300A according to the second embodiment may include a first substrate 311, and first diffraction element parts 312, 313, and 314. Furthermore, the light guide device 300A may include a projector 200. Alternatively, the projector 200 may be separated from the light guide device 300A. The above description may be applied to this, except for the description to be given later.

[0128] In this embodiment, the first diffraction element region 312 on the first substrate 311 can be disposed on one of the two surfaces of the first substrate 311, that is, the surface 311S1 or WG1S1 which does not face the first lens L1 of the projector 200.

[0129] For example, the first substrate 311 may include two surfaces spaced apart from each other in the first direction or facing each other. The first substrate 311 may include a first surface 311S1 and a second surface 311S2. The first surface 311S1 may be a surface that does not face the first lens L1. The second surface 311S2 may be a surface that faces the first lens L1. The distance between the first surface 311S1 and the first lens L1 may be greater than the distance between the second surface 311S2 and the first lens L1.

[0130] That is, unlike the first embodiment, in this embodiment the first diffraction element region 312 can be arranged on a surface (first surface) located further away from the first substrate 311, rather than on a surface (second surface) adjacent to the projector 200.

[0131] The first lens L1 may also include a first lens surface L1S1 adjacent to the second surface or first substrate 311, and a second lens surface L1S2 facing the first lens surface L1S1. The second lens surface L1S2 does not have to face the first substrate 311.

[0132] According to the embodiment, the projector 200 can have an angle of view θb. Also, in the embodiment, the diameter r2 of the first diffractive element region of the first substrate and the diameter r3 of the first lens of the projector can satisfy the following formula 2.

[0133] [Formula 2] 1.9*[IC / 2+y2]≦a diameter of the first lens≦2.1*[IC / 2+y2] y2=distance(D2) between WG1S2 and L1S1*tan(H_Fov)+thickness of first substrate (thickness of WG1, T1 (see Figure 12))*tan(asin(n0*sin(H_Fov) / n_WG1)) Here, IC is the diameter of the first diffraction element region, L1S1 is the surface (first lens surface) of the first lens adjacent to the first substrate, 311S2 or WG1S2 is the surface (second surface) of the first substrate adjacent to the first lens of the projector, and H_Fov is 1 / 2 of the projector angle of view θb. Also, n0 is the refractive index of air, and n_WG1 is the refractive index of the first substrate.

[0134] FIG. 11 is a diagram of a projector device and a light guide device according to a third embodiment, and FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of K4 in FIG.

[0135] 11 and 12, the light guide device 300B according to the third embodiment may include a first substrate 311, and first diffraction element parts 312, 313, and 314. Furthermore, the light guide device 300B may include a projector 200. Alternatively, the projector 200 may be separated from the light guide device 300B. The above description may be applied to this, except for the description to be given later.

[0136] In this embodiment, the light guide device 300B may further include an optical element 330 in addition to the first substrate 311, the first diffractive element region 312, the third diffractive element region 313, and the second diffractive element region 314 mentioned above.

[0137] The optical member 330 may be located on the first substrate 311, the first diffraction element region 312, the third diffraction element region 313, and the second diffraction element region 314. The optical member 330 may be disposed adjacent to the projector 200 compared to the first substrate 311, the first diffraction element region 312, the third diffraction element region 313, and the second diffraction element region 314. Light may pass through the optical member 330 and enter the first diffraction element region 312. Also, light may pass through the second diffraction element region and exit through the optical member 330. Such an optical member 330 may have an effect of protecting the inside of the light guide device 300B. The optical member 330 may be a "cover glass". The refractive index of the optical member 330 according to the embodiment may be greater than the refractive index of air and may be the same as or smaller than the refractive index of the first substrate 311. The refractive index of the optical member 330 may have a refractive index of 1.4 to 1.6.

[0138] The size of the optical member 330 may be larger than the diameter of the first lens L1 of the projector 200. For example, the length of the optical member 330 in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction may be larger than the diameter r3 of the first lens L1.

[0139] In addition, the distance gap1 between the optical member 330 and the first substrate 311 may be smaller than the distance gap2 between the optical member 330 and the projector 200. With this configuration, it is possible to provide a compact light guide device while minimizing light deformation caused by the user's face shape.

[0140] In this embodiment, the projector can have an angle of view θa.

[0141] Furthermore, the diameter r2 of the first diffractive element region 312 of the first substrate and the diameter r3 of the first lens L1 of the projector can satisfy the following formula 3.

[0142] [Formula 3] 1.9*[IC / 2+y3]≦a diameter of the first lens (r3)≦2.1*[IC / 2+y3] y3=(distance (D1 or gap1+T2+gap2 in FIG. 6) between WG1S2 (or 311S2) and L1S1-thickness of optical member (thickness, T2)*tan(H_Fov)+thickness of optical member (thickness, T2)*tan(asin(n0*sin(H_Fov) / n1)) Here, IC is the diameter of the first diffraction element region, L1S1 is the surface (first lens surface) of the first lens adjacent to the first substrate, 311S2 or WG1S2 is the surface (second surface) of the first substrate adjacent to the first lens of the projector, and H_Fov is 1 / 2 of the projector angle of view θa. Also, n0 is the refractive index of air, n_WG1 is the refractive index of the first substrate, and n1 is the refractive index of the optical member 330.

[0143] In addition, in the embodiment, the length gap1 from the first substrate 311 to the optical member 330 may be smaller than the thickness T2 of the cover glass. Furthermore, the thickness T2 of the cover glass may be the same as or different from the thickness T1 of the first substrate 311.

[0144] FIG. 13 is a diagram of a projector device and a light guide device according to a fourth embodiment, and FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of K5 in FIG.

[0145] 13 and 14, the light guide device 300C according to the fourth embodiment may include a first substrate 311, and first diffraction element parts 312, 313, and 314. Furthermore, the light guide device 300C may include a projector 200. Alternatively, the projector 200 may be separated from the light guide device 300C. The above description may be applied to this, except for the description to be given later.

[0146] In this embodiment, the light guide device 300C may further include an optical element 330 in addition to the first substrate 311, the first diffractive element region 312, the third diffractive element region 313, and the second diffractive element region 314 mentioned above.

[0147] In addition, the projection lens unit of the projector 200 may further include an additional optical member CG. The additional optical member CG may be a cover glass.

[0148] In this embodiment, the projector can have an angle of view θa.

[0149] Furthermore, the diameter r2 of the first diffractive element region 312 of the first substrate and the diameter r3 of the first lens L1 of the projector can satisfy the following formula 4.

[0150] [Formula 4] 1.9*[IC / 2+y3]≦a diameter of the first lens (r3)≦2.1*[IC / 2+y3] y3=(distance("D1" or "gap1+T2+gap2") between WG1S2 (or 311S2) and L1S1-(thickness of optical member + thickness of additional optical member)*tan(H_Fov)+thickness of optical member 330*tan(asin(n0*sin(H_Fov) / n1))+thickness of additional optical member CG*tan(asin(n0*sin(H_Fov) / n2)) Here, L1S1 is the surface (first lens surface) of the first lens adjacent to the first substrate, 311S2 or WG1S2 is the surface (second surface) of the first substrate adjacent to the first lens of the projector, and H_Fov is 1 / 2 of the projector's angle of view θa. Also, n0 is the refractive index of air, and n_WG1 is the refractive index of the first substrate. Also, n1 is the refractive index of the optical member 330. n2 is the refractive index of the additional optical member CG.

[0151] FIG. 15 is a graph showing the effect of the light guide device according to the embodiment, and FIG. 16 is a diagram explaining the length of the light guide device according to the embodiment when in use.

[0152] 15 and 16, the user's face width D1 (excluding ears) and the user's face length (D2, the maximum distance from the nose tip to the occipital plane) are set to the 50th percentile (e.g., median) to define an elliptical head. Therefore, D1 is set to 139 mm and D2 is set to 215 mm. The units of length, thickness, etc. below are mm. [Table 1] TIFF2025080248000003.tif238168TIFF2025080248000004.tif237169TIFF2025080248000005.tif237170TIFF2025080248000006.tif160170

[0153] At this time, when deriving each value in Table 1, the values ​​in Table 2 were set as parameter values. [Table 2]

[0154] Therefore, in Fig. 15, LI1 is a shape corresponding to the user's face, and LI2 is a shape corresponding to the user's face, as shown in Table 1. By adjusting the distance from the projector to the first substrate (testing by adjusting the thickness of the cover glass, which is an optical member), it is found that a collision with the user's face occurs when the distance from the projector to the first substrate is 42 mm or more. In Fig. 15, the x-axis and y-axis are lengths (mm) and represent the horizontal and vertical lengths of a human face. Therefore, by following the formulas according to the embodiment, collisions between users can also be avoided.

[0155] FIG. 17 is a diagram of a projector device and a light guide device according to a fifth embodiment, and FIG. 18 is an enlarged view of K6 in FIG.

[0156] 17 and 18, the light guide device 300D according to the fifth embodiment may include a first substrate 311, and first diffraction element parts 312, 313, and 314. In addition, the light guide device 300D may include a projector 200. Alternatively, the projector 200 may be separated from the light guide device 300D. The above description may be applied to this, except for the description to be given later.

[0157] In this embodiment, the light guide device 300D may include a second substrate 321 and second diffractive element portions 322, 323, 324 in addition to the first substrate 311, the first diffractive element region 312, the third diffractive element region 313, and the second diffractive element region 314 mentioned above.

[0158] That is, the light guide device 300D of this embodiment may include the above-mentioned first substrate 311, first diffraction element region 312, third diffraction element region 313, second diffraction element region 314, second substrate 321, fourth diffraction element region 322, sixth diffraction element region 323, and fifth diffraction element region 324.

[0159] The second substrate 321, the fourth diffractive element region 322, the sixth diffractive element region 323, and the fifth diffractive element region 324 may be disposed on the lower surface of the first substrate 311. For example, the second substrate 321 may be located below the first substrate 311.

[0160] The second substrate 321, the fourth diffraction element region 322, the sixth diffraction element region 323, and the fifth diffraction element region 324 may be disposed on the first substrate 311 at a distance from the projector 200. The second substrate 321, the fourth diffraction element region 322, the sixth diffraction element region 323, and the fifth diffraction element region 324 may overlap with the first substrate 311 in a first direction in which light is incident. The fourth diffraction element region 322, the sixth diffraction element region 323, and the fifth diffraction element region 324 may be disposed between the first substrate 311 and the second substrate 321. The optical member 330 may be disposed on the first substrate 311, the first diffraction element region 312, the third diffraction element region 313, and the second diffraction element region 314. The optical member 330 may be disposed adjacent to the projector 200 on the first substrate 311, the first diffraction element region 312, the third diffraction element region 313, and the second diffraction element region 314. Light may pass through the optical member 330 and enter the first diffraction element region 312. The optical member 330 may have the effect of protecting the inside of the light guide device 300D. The refractive index of the optical member 330 may be about 1.5.

[0161] The second substrate 321 may serve as a path for transmitting light. A fourth diffraction element region 322, a sixth diffraction element region 323, and a fifth diffraction element region 324 may be disposed on the second substrate 321. The light may travel along the inside of the second substrate 321 by total reflection inside the second substrate 321. The second substrate 321 may include a waveguide. The fourth diffraction element region 322, the sixth diffraction element region 323, and the fifth diffraction element region 324 may be disposed on the second substrate 321 at a distance from each other. The second substrate 321 may be disposed in a second direction perpendicular to a first direction in which the light is incident. The refractive index of the first substrate 311 and the second substrate 321 may be 1.4 to 2.0.

[0162] The fourth diffraction element region 322 can act as a path through which light is incident. The second input diffraction element 1200 can be disposed on the second substrate 321. Light can be incident through the second input diffraction element 1200 and transmitted through the second substrate 321. The fourth diffraction element region 322 can change the path of light by diffracting the light.

[0163] The sixth diffraction element region 323 can play a role in changing the path of light. The sixth diffraction element region 323 can be disposed on the second substrate 321. The sixth diffraction element region 323 can change the path of light incident via the fourth diffraction element region 322. The sixth diffraction element region 323 can change the path of light to direct it toward the fifth diffraction element region 324. The sixth diffraction element region 323 can change the path of light by diffracting the light.

[0164] The fifth diffraction element region 324 can play a role of a path through which light is emitted. The fifth diffraction element region 324 can be disposed on the second substrate 321. The light can be emitted to the outside of the light guide device 300D through the fifth diffraction element region 324. The fifth diffraction element region 324 can transmit the light whose path has been changed from the second transmission element and emit the light to the outside. The fifth diffraction element region 324 can change the path of the light and emit the light to the outside. The second emission diffraction element can change the path of the light by diffracting the light.

[0165] The fourth diffraction element region 322, the sixth diffraction element region 323, and the fifth diffraction element region 324 may include a plurality of protrusions. The plurality of protrusions may have a certain width, period, and height, and may be disposed on the fourth diffraction element region 322, the sixth diffraction element region 323, and the fifth diffraction element region 324. The plurality of protrusions may be disposed in a first direction on the fourth diffraction element region 322, the sixth diffraction element region 323, and the fifth diffraction element region 324. The plurality of protrusions may be disposed spaced apart in a vector direction of the pattern including the protrusions that is perpendicular to the first direction. Depending on the width, period, and height of the plurality of protrusions, the paths of light after passing through the fourth diffraction element region 322, the sixth diffraction element region 323, and the fifth diffraction element region 324 may change to be different from each other. The width of the protrusions may mean the width in the vector direction of the pattern including the protrusions. The period of the protrusions may mean the interval in the vector direction of the pattern including the protrusions between one side of the protrusions adjacent to one side of the protrusions. The height of the protrusion may refer to the height of the portion of the protrusion protruding in the first direction. The refractive index of the first diffraction element region 312, the third diffraction element region 313, the second diffraction element region 314, the fourth diffraction element region 322, the sixth diffraction element region 323, and the fifth diffraction element region 324 may be 1.7 to 2.7. The refractive index of the first diffraction element region 312, the third diffraction element region 313, the second diffraction element region 314, the fourth diffraction element region 322, the sixth diffraction element region 323, and the fifth diffraction element region 324 may be the same as or greater than the refractive index of the first substrate 311 and the second substrate 321.

[0166] Furthermore, as described above, the first diffractive element region may be located on the lower surface (the surface not facing the projector, the first surface) of the first substrate 311. Also, an optical member may be located between the projector 200 and the first substrate 311.

[0167] The above-mentioned formulas 1 to 4 can also be applied in the same way. In particular, formula 3 can also be applied in the same way to FIG.

[0168] FIG. 19 is a diagram of a projector device and a light guide device according to a sixth embodiment.

[0169] Referring to Fig. 19, the light guide device 300E according to the sixth embodiment may include a first substrate 311, and first diffraction element parts 312, 313, and 314. In addition, the light guide device 300E may include a projector 200. Alternatively, the projector 200 may be separated from the light guide device 300E. The above description may be applied to this, except for the description to be given later.

[0170] In this embodiment, the light guide device 300E of this embodiment may include the above-mentioned first substrate 311, the first diffraction element region 312, the third diffraction element region 313, the second diffraction element region 314, the second substrate 321, the fourth diffraction element region 322, the sixth diffraction element region 323, the fifth diffraction element region 324, and the optical member 330.

[0171] In this regard, the above-mentioned formula 3 can be applied. As a variant, the light guide device 300E has an optical element 330, and the projector 200 can also include an additional optical element (corresponding to the above-mentioned "CG"). In this case, the above-mentioned formula 4 can be applied.

[0172] FIG. 20 is a diagram of a light guide device according to the seventh embodiment.

[0173] 20, the light guide device 300F according to the seventh embodiment may include a first substrate and first diffraction element parts 312 and 314. All of the above-mentioned contents may be applied to this embodiment, except for the contents described below.

[0174] In this example, a light receiving unit (eg, an image sensor, IS) can be disposed on the light guide device 300F instead of a projector. Hereinafter, the light receiving unit or the image sensor will be described as the light receiving unit IS.

[0175] Also, in this example, the optical path between the projector and the user (e.g., eye) can be replaced with an optical path between the light receiving unit IS and the user (e.g., eye). Also, the optical path between the light receiving unit IS and the user (e.g., eye) can be the reverse of the optical path between the projector and the user (e.g., eye). That is, as the reverse of the optical path provided from the projector to the user (e.g., eye), the optical path between the light receiving unit IS and the user (e.g., eye) can provide light (e.g., image) from the user (e.g., eye) to the user's eye to the second diffraction element region 314, and provide it from the first diffraction element region 312 to the light receiving unit IS via the first substrate.

[0176] The size of the first diffraction element region 312 may be larger than the size (e.g., diameter, width, LD1) of the light receiving section IS. Depending on the design, the size of the first diffraction element region 312 may be smaller than the size (e.g., diameter, width, LD1) of the light receiving section IS. Hereinafter, the size of the light receiving section IS or the projector (or the light source section) refers to the size of the effective diameter or effective area, and may mean the diameter, length, width, etc.

[0177] In addition, as described later, a projector may be further added. Thus, light projected through the projector is transmitted to a user (e.g., an eye) through the first diffraction element region 312 and the second diffraction element region 314, and light reflected from the user (e.g., an eye) can be incident on the light receiving unit IS through the second diffraction element region 314 and the first diffraction element region 312 (or an additional diffraction element region, 315).

[0178] The size (e.g., diameter, width, LD2) of the first diffraction element region 312 may be larger or smaller than the size (e.g., diameter, width) of the projector. The size of the first diffraction element region 312 may be larger or smaller than the size (e.g., diameter, width, LD1) of the light receiving section IS. A specific description of this will be given in FIG. 21 to FIG. 23.

[0179] FIG. 21 is a block diagram of an example (camera module) of an electronic device according to an embodiment, FIG. 22 is a diagram for explaining the configuration and operation of the camera module of FIG. 21, and FIG. 23 is a modified example of FIG.

[0180] First, the electronic device may be or may include a camera module. The camera module (or electronic device) may be applied to a vehicle system. The vehicle system (or environment) may include a vehicle, a passenger (driver), and an electronic device. In the following description, the electronic device is described as a device separately provided in the vehicle, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the electronic device may be embodied as a part of the vehicle.

[0181] A vehicle may include a vehicle body and various devices for moving the vehicle body (for example, wheels, a driving device for driving the wheels, a starting device for starting the driving device, an engine for generating power and transmitting the generated power to the driving device, a steering device for adjusting the direction of the vehicle, an acceleration device for adjusting the speed of the vehicle, etc.). The vehicle may also include various electrical systems. For example, the electrical systems may include an engine control device for controlling the engine, a temperature control device for adjusting the temperature inside the vehicle, a light control device for adjusting the lights depending on the external conditions, etc.

[0182] In particular, the vehicle may include a communication interface capable of communicating with the electronic device, and may include an additional processor that analyzes data transmitted via the communication interface and performs a predefined function depending on the analysis results.

[0183] The processor may be embodied, for example, in the engine control device or motor control unit described above. The communication interface may support at least one of various communication methods, such as CAN communication supporting data transmission and reception within the vehicle, or wired communication via a cable connected to the electronic device. As an example, the vehicle may receive an image acquired by the electronic device or an analysis result of the image, and perform a specified function according to the received result.

[0184] According to the embodiment, the electronic device is connected to the camera module CM to capture an image of the driver, analyzes the captured image, and then executes various set function processes (e.g., deceleration process, turning on or off emergency lights, horn device control, vehicle vibration control, window opening / closing control, etc.) according to the analysis result. In addition to these function processes, various other function processes can be further embodied.

[0185] In addition, the driver is a person who can adjust the steering device while sitting in the driver's seat, and can be a subject of image capture by the electronic device. In the present invention, the electronic device will be described as acquiring an image of the driver sitting in the driver's seat as a representative example, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the monitoring system can be applied to acquire images of not only the driver but also passengers sitting in the auxiliary seat or other seats, and adjust the image acquisition method according to various actions of the passengers.

[0186] The camera module CM can be disposed in a position in the vehicle where it can easily capture an image of a passenger. For example, it can be disposed in a specific position in the vehicle, such as the windshield (e.g., the position of a head-up display) or various positions such as the lower part of the windshield, the dashboard, the instrument panel, etc., so that an image of a subject seated in the driver's seat can be acquired. Furthermore, the camera module CM can be disposed in a position where it is difficult for the passenger to easily recognize.

[0187] Also, a camera module CM connected to the electronic device is arranged at a predetermined position in the vehicle and can receive image information of passengers other than the driver of the vehicle. For example, there may be at least one camera module CM and it may be arranged on the rearview mirror (or room mirror) to detect all passengers other than the driver. In this way, the camera module CM can generate an image of all passengers.

[0188] Referring to FIG. 21, a camera module CM according to the embodiment may include a light source unit 200A, a light guide device 300G, a light receiving unit IS, and a control unit COL.

[0189] First, the light source unit 200A can output light in response to a control signal. Finally, the light output from the light source unit 200A can be irradiated onto an object. In addition, the light irradiated onto the object can be reflected and provided to the light receiving unit IS.

[0190] The light source unit 200A may include at least one light source. The at least one light source may emit light in a predetermined wavelength band or light having a predetermined central wavelength. The light source of the light source unit 200A may emit light in a predetermined pattern according to a pre-designed algorithm. Such a light source unit 200A may output light under the control of the control unit COL. The light source unit 200A may also include the above-mentioned projector.

[0191] Hereinafter, output light or incident light refers to light output from the light source unit 200A and provided to an object, and input light or reflected light refers to light output from the light source unit 200A, reaches an object, and is then reflected from the object and input to the light receiving unit IS. That is, from the perspective of the object, output light can be incident light, and input light can be reflected light.

[0192] At least one light source of the light source unit 200A can output light in a predetermined wavelength band. For example, the wavelength of the light output from the light source can be infrared light in the range of 770 nm to 3000 nm. Also, the wavelength of the light output from the light source can be visible light in the range of 380 nm to 770 nm. Furthermore, the light source of the light source unit 200A can also emit light outside the above wavelength range. In particular, as described above, the light source can irradiate light in a specific wavelength band so as not to be harmful to passengers such as the driver and passengers in the vehicle, or irradiate light with an energy below a specific level so as not to be harmful.

[0193] The light source can include a light emitting diode (LED), an organic light emitting diode (OLED), a laser diode (LD), a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), a plasma lamp, a fluorescent lamp, a xenon lamp, a halogen lamp, a neon lamp, etc. It can output a wavelength of about 800 nm to 1000 nm, for example, a wavelength of about 850 nm or about 940 nm.

[0194] The light guide device 300G may be disposed adjacent to the light source unit 200A and the light receiving unit IS. The light guide device 300G may guide the light irradiated from the light source unit 200A and transmit it to the object. The light guide device 300G may also guide the light reflected from the object again and provide it to the light receiving unit IS. In this way, the light guide device 300G may be configured to control the light and move it to a desired path. In other words, the light guide device 300G may transmit light to an object (e.g., a user, an object, etc.) and receive the reflected light. Therefore, the light guide device 300G may be configured so that the light reaches the sensor accurately in the camera module CM or is guided to a specific path so that optical information is accurately transmitted. Such a light guide device 300G may include the above-mentioned light guide device or have a similar structure.

[0195] The light guide device 300G may be made of materials such as glass, polymer, or silicon, etc. The light guide device 300G may also include various other materials capable of guiding light.

[0196] The light guide device 300G can also use diffraction to transmit light in a desired direction. Therefore, the light guide device 300G can include optical elements for routing light to a substrate that is a waveguide. The optical elements can include various elements that operate based on diffraction.

[0197] In an embodiment, the light guide device 300G may include a diffractive element that is a Holographic Optical Element (HOE). The light guide device 300G may include an input diffractive element, an input / output diffractive element, and an output diffractive element, as described below. For example, the input diffractive element, the input / output diffractive element, and the output diffractive element may be made of a holographic optical element.

[0198] In addition, the holographic optical element diffracts light using the interference pattern generated by laser interference, thereby controlling light of a specific wavelength or diffracting it in a desired direction. Bragg's Law is applied in this diffraction process, and the diffraction angle can be determined according to the wavelength of light and the structure of the holographic optical element.

[0199] The holographic optical element may be composed of an interference pattern recorded on a transparent substrate. The transparent substrate is a waveguide as described above and may be made of various materials such as glass, plastic, and polymer. The interference pattern of the holographic optical element can be precisely designed inside or on the surface of the substrate to guide light in a specific direction. Holographic optical elements are also divided into transmission types in which light is diffracted as it passes through and reflection types in which light is diffracted as it is reflected. Thus, the holographic optical element can be moved around on the substrate. Such holographic optical elements precisely control light and provide high-resolution images. Holographic optical elements can also support high-speed data transmission by separating and combining wavelengths in optical communications. Holographic optical elements are also lighter and thinner than conventional lenses and mirrors, and therefore can provide a miniaturized camera module. The input diffraction element, input / output diffraction element, and output diffraction element, which are the diffraction elements in the light guide device 300G, will be described in detail later.

[0200] The light receiving unit IS can receive the light transmitted through the light guide device 300G. The light receiving unit IS can include an image sensor. The image sensor can receive the light reflected from the object. Thus, the image sensor can sense the light and convert it into an electrical signal. For example, the image sensor can convert the electrical signal to generate a digital image. The image sensor can include a charge-coupled device (CCD), a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS), an indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) sensor, a mercury cadmium telluride (HgCdTe) sensor, a microbolometer, and the like. The light receiving unit IS can also include an image sensor that receives light in various wavelength bands other than the above contents or examples.

[0201] Furthermore, the light receiving unit IS may further include a lens unit or an optical unit on the image sensor. Therefore, the size of the light receiving unit IS may correspond to the size of the effective diameter or effective area of ​​the lens unit or optical unit. In particular, it may be the length of the diameter of the lens effective diameter that is closest to or facing the first substrate.

[0202] Also, the light receiving unit IS may be located adjacent to the light guide device 300G, similar to the light source unit 200A. Alternatively, an additional lens (not shown) may be further disposed between the light receiving unit IS and the light guide device 300G. This can be similarly applied between the light source unit 200A and the light guide device 300G.

[0203] The control unit COL can control the driving of the light source unit 200A and the light receiving unit IS. In addition, the control unit COL can generate depth information based on an image generated by the light receiving unit IS, or transmit and receive image information to and from other electronic devices such as a vehicle. Such a control unit COL can control operations within the camera module, and can also communicate with a processor within a device such as an external electronic device such as a vehicle.

[0204] The control unit COL may include a processor, a microcontroller (MCU), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), etc., and may be embodied in the form of an application processor (AP) of various electronic devices. Referring to FIG. 22, the light guide device 300G may include a first substrate 311, an input diffraction element 312, an input / output diffraction element 314, and an output diffraction element 315. The input diffraction element 312 may correspond to the first diffraction element region. The input / output diffraction element 314 may correspond to the second diffraction element region. Also, the output diffraction element 315 may be the first diffraction element region or an additional diffraction element region. In this way, the diffraction element region may correspond to a "diffraction element". For example, the input diffraction element 312 and the output diffraction element 315 may be integrated or separated. Thus, the first diffraction element region and the additional diffraction element region may be integrated or separated.

[0205] The input diffraction element 312, the input / output diffraction element 314, and the output diffraction element 315 can be disposed on the first substrate 311, which is a waveguide. The input diffraction element 312, the input / output diffraction element 314, and the output diffraction element 315 can be either a light-transmitting type or a light-reflecting type, and can be disposed on either one surface (e.g., the upper surface) or the other surface (e.g., the lower surface) of the first substrate 311. For example, the input diffraction element 312 and the output diffraction element 315 can be disposed on the opposite surface of the first substrate 311 to the surface on which the input / output diffraction element 314 is disposed. That is, the input diffraction element 312 and the output diffraction element 315 can be disposed on a surface different from the input / output diffraction element 314 or on the opposite surface.

[0206] Furthermore, the input diffraction element 312, the input / output diffraction element 314, and the output diffraction element 315 are diffraction elements as described above, and may be spaced apart from one another.

[0207] The input diffraction element 312 can be configured so that the angle of incidence of the optical axis of the light emitted from the light source unit 200A varies depending on the wavelength, with respect to the grating vector of the input diffraction element 312 as a reference.

[0208] Additionally, the input diffractive element 312 may be comprised of multiple diffractive elements or may include multiple regions. For example, the input diffractive element 312 may be comprised of a unitary diffractive element. In an embodiment, the input diffractive element 312 may be comprised of multiple sub-elements.

[0209] Furthermore, according to the embodiment, the light LG1 emitted from the light source unit 200A is input to the input diffraction element 312, and the input diffraction element 312 can diffract the light irradiated from the light source unit 200A and guide it into the first substrate 311.

[0210] The input diffraction element 312 diffracts the light LG1 provided from the light source unit 200A and guides it to the first substrate 311, and the light guided into the first substrate 311 can be provided to the input / output diffraction element 314.

[0211] The input / output diffraction element 314 can diffract the light guided to the first substrate 311 by the input diffraction element 312 to the object (LG2), and diffract the light reflected from the object (LG3) and guide it into the first substrate 311.

[0212] Specifically, the input diffraction element 312 can diffract the light guided to the first substrate 311 and guide it to the object. That is, the input / output diffraction element 314 can diffract the light toward the object (LG2).

[0213] The object may be various targets (e.g., users, objects, etc.) outside the camera module or the light guide device 300G. That is, the object may be various targets that can be sensed or recognized by the camera module, and may include people, automobiles, animals, buildings, etc. For example, passengers in a vehicle, buildings and objects outside the vehicle, etc. may correspond to the object.

[0214] In addition, the light LG2 emitted from the input / output diffraction element 314 may be reflected from the object and provided to the input / output diffraction element 314 (LG3). At this time, the light LG3 provided to the input / output diffraction element 314 may be diffracted by the input / output diffraction element 314 and the light path may change.

[0215] Therefore, the input / output diffraction element 314 can diffract the light reflected from the object and guide it to the first substrate 311. At this time, the light diffracted by the input / output diffraction element 314 and guided to the first substrate 311 can be guided or provided to the output diffraction element 315.

[0216] The output diffraction element 315 can diffract the light reflected from the object and guided to the first substrate 311 by the input / output diffraction element 314, and guide or provide the light to the light receiving unit IS. At this time, the light LG4 diffracted by the output diffraction element 315 and guided to the light receiving unit IS can be incident on the light receiving unit IS and converted into image information.

[0217] The camera module according to this embodiment may include an illumination system and an imaging system. The illumination system may serve to illuminate an object in an optical system. Such an illumination system may uniformly distribute or concentrate light so that an object or subject can be clearly seen. Also, the imaging system may serve to form an image of an object in an optical system. Such an imaging system may collect and focus light and image the result onto an image sensor, film, or the eye. Such an illumination system and imaging system work together in an optical system to play an important role in forming an accurate and clear image.

[0218] The illumination system may be composed of components on a path along which light emitted from the light source unit 200A is provided to an object via the input diffraction element 312, the first substrate 311, and the input / output diffraction element 314. The imaging system may be composed of components on a path along which light reflected from an object is provided to the light receiving unit IS via the input / output diffraction element 314, the first substrate 311, and the output diffraction element 315. For example, the illumination system may include the light source unit, the input diffraction element 312, the first substrate 311, and the input / output diffraction element 314. The imaging system may include the input / output diffraction element 314, the first substrate 311, the output diffraction element 315, and the light receiving unit IS. This camera module may include components (e.g., substrate, input / output diffraction element) belonging to both the illumination system and the imaging system.

[0219] Also, the size LD2 of the first diffraction element region 312 may be larger than the size (e.g., diameter, width, LD1) of the light receiving section IS. Also, depending on the design, the size LD2 of the first diffraction element region 312 may be smaller than the size (e.g., diameter, width, LD1) of the light receiving section IS. Also, the size (e.g., diameter, width, LD2) of the first diffraction element region 312 may be larger than the size (e.g., diameter, width, LD3) of the light source section 200A which is a projector. As various examples depending on the design, the size (e.g., diameter, width, diagonal length in the case of a rectangular shape, LD2) of the first diffraction element region 312 may be smaller than the size (e.g., diameter, width, LD3) of the light source section 200A which is a projector.

[0220] Furthermore, the additional diffraction element region 315, which is an output diffraction element, may be adjacent to or integral with the first diffraction element region 312. The size (e.g., diameter, width, LD4) of the additional diffraction element region 315 may be larger than the size (e.g., diameter, width, LD1) of the light receiving section IS. Also, the size (e.g., diameter, width, LD4) of the additional diffraction element region 315 may be smaller than the size (e.g., diameter, width, LD1) of the light receiving section IS. The size (e.g., diameter, width, LD4) of the additional diffraction element region 315 may be larger than the size (e.g., diameter, width, LD3) of the light source section 200A, which is a projector. Also, depending on the design, the size (e.g., diameter, width, LD4) of the additional diffraction element region 315 may be smaller than the size (e.g., diameter, width, LD3) of the light source section 200A, which is a projector. Also, as in the various examples above, the electronic device may be or may include a camera module. Therefore, at least one of a projector and a light receiving unit (or image sensor) IS may be disposed on the light guide device 300E. For example, the electronic device may include the light guide device 300E and a projector. Alternatively, the electronic device may include the light guide device 300E and a light receiving unit IS. Alternatively, the electronic device may include the light guide device 300E, a projector, and a light receiving unit IS.

[0221] Referring to FIG. 23, the light guide device 300G' according to the modified example may be different from that of FIG. 22 in the positions between the light guide device 300G, the light receiving unit IS, and the light source unit 200A. For example, the light source unit 200A may be located between the light receiving unit IS and the input / output diffraction element 314. In addition, the light receiving unit IS or the light source unit 200A may be tilted to have a predetermined angle with respect to the light guide device 300G', or the light path may be partially changed. In addition, the light receiving unit IS and the light source unit 200A may be disposed at various positions, and the additional diffraction element 315, which is the output diffraction element corresponding to the light receiving unit IS, and the input diffraction element 312 corresponding to the light source unit 200A may have various sizes as described above.

[0222] The features, structures, effects, etc. described in the above embodiments are included in at least one embodiment and are not necessarily limited to only one embodiment. Furthermore, the features, structures, effects, etc. exemplified in each embodiment can be combined or modified in other embodiments by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the embodiment belongs. Therefore, the contents related to such combinations and modifications should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the embodiment.

[0223] The above description focuses on the embodiments, but these are merely illustrative and do not limit the embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and applications not exemplified above are possible within the scope of the essential characteristics of the embodiments. For example, each component specifically illustrated in the embodiments can be modified and implemented. In addition, differences regarding such modifications and applications should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the embodiments set forth in the appended claims.

Claims

1. a projector including a lens disposed to emit light and a barrel coupled to the lens; a first substrate that guides the light emitted from the projector; a first diffraction element region disposed on the first substrate and configured to receive the light; a second diffractive element region disposed on the first substrate and spaced apart from the first diffractive element region; the lenses include a first lens disposed adjacent the first substrate; the first diffractive element region overlaps with the first lens of the projector in an optical axis direction of the first lens, A light guide apparatus, wherein a diameter of the first diffractive element region of the first substrate is smaller than a diameter of the first lens of the projector.

2. 2. The light guide apparatus of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the first diffractive element region of the first substrate is smaller than a diameter of the barrel of the projector.

3. The light guide device according to claim 1 , wherein the first lens of the projector and the first diffractive element region of the first substrate are disposed to face each other.

4. The projector has an angle of view, 4. The light guide device of claim 3, wherein a diameter of the first diffractive element region of the first substrate and a diameter of the first lens of the projector satisfy the following formula 1: [Formula 1] 1.9*[IC / 2+y1]≦a diameter of the first lens≦2.1*[IC / 2+y1] y1 = distance between the first diffraction element region and L1S1 * tan (H_Fov) (where IC is the diameter of the first diffractive element region, L1S1 is the surface of the first lens adjacent to the first substrate, H_Fov is half or 0.5 times the projector angle of view, and distance between the first diffractive element region and L1S1 is the shortest distance from the center of the first lens to the center of the diameter of the first diffractive element region.)

5. The light guide device according to claim 1 , wherein the first diffractive element region of the first substrate is disposed on one of two surfaces of the first substrate that does not face the first lens of the projector.

6. The projector has an angle of view, 6. The light guide device of claim 5, wherein a diameter of the first diffractive element region of the first substrate and a diameter of the first lens of the projector satisfy the following formula 2: [Formula 2] 1.9*[IC / 2+y2]≦a diameter of the first lens≦2.1*[IC / 2+y2] y2=distance between WG1S2 and L1S1*tan(H_Fov)+thickness of first substrate (WG1 thickness)*tan(asin(n0*sin(H_Fov) / n_WG1)) (where IC is the diameter of the first diffraction element region, L1S1 is the surface of the first lens adjacent to the first substrate, WG1S2 is the surface of the first substrate adjacent to the first lens of the projector, H_Fov is 1 / 2 the angle of view of the projector, n0 is the refractive index of air, and n_WG1 is the refractive index of the first substrate.)

7. The light guide device of claim 1 , further comprising an optical member disposed on the first diffractive element region of the first substrate.

8. 8. The light guide device of claim 7, wherein the refractive index of the optical member is greater than the refractive index of air and is the same as or less than the refractive index of the first substrate.

9. 8. The light guide apparatus of claim 7, wherein a thickness of the optical member is the same as or less than a thickness of the first substrate.

10. 8. The light guide apparatus of claim 7, wherein a size of the optical member is greater than a diameter of the first lens of the projector.

11. 8. The light guide apparatus of claim 7, wherein a distance between the optical member and the first substrate is less than a distance between the optical member and the first lens of the projector.

12. The projector has an angle of view, 8. The light guide device of claim 7, wherein a diameter of the first diffractive element region of the first substrate and a diameter of the first lens of the projector satisfy the following formula 3: [Formula 3] 1.9*[IC / 2+y3]≦a diameter of the first lens≦2.1*[IC / 2+y3] y3=(distance between WG1S2 and L1S1-thickness of optical member*tan(H_Fov)+thickness of optical member*tan(asin(n0*sin(H_Fov) / n1)) (Here, IC is the diameter of the first diffraction element region, L1S1 is the surface of the first lens adjacent to the first substrate (first lens surface), WG1S2 is the surface of the first substrate adjacent to the first lens of the projector (second surface), H_Fov is 1 / 2 the angle of view of the projector, n0 is the refractive index of air, n_WG1 is the refractive index of the first substrate, and n1 is the refractive index of the optical member.)

13. The light guide device of claim 7 , wherein a length from the first substrate to the optical member is less than a thickness of the optical member.

14. a projector including a lens disposed to emit light and a barrel coupled to the lens; a first substrate that guides the light emitted from the projector and is disposed adjacent to the projector, and a second substrate that is disposed below the first substrate; a first diffraction element region disposed on the first substrate and configured to receive the light; a second diffractive element region disposed on the first substrate and spaced apart from the first diffractive element region; the lenses include a first lens disposed adjacent the first substrate; the first diffractive element region overlaps with the first lens of the projector in an optical axis direction of the first lens, A light guide apparatus, wherein a diameter of the first diffractive element region of the first substrate is smaller than a diameter of the first lens of the projector.

15. The projector has an angle of view, 15. The light guide device of claim 14, wherein a diameter of the first diffractive element of the first substrate and a diameter of the first lens of the projector satisfy the following Equation 1: [Formula 1] 1.9*[IC / 2+y1]≦a diameter of the first lens≦2.1*[IC / 2+y1] y1 = distance between the first diffraction element region and L1S1 * tan (H_Fov) (where IC is the diameter of the first diffractive element region, L1S1 is the surface of the first lens adjacent to the first substrate, H_Fov is half or 0.5 times the projector angle of view, and distance between the first diffractive element region and L1S1 is the shortest distance from the center of the first lens to the center of the diameter of the first diffractive element region.)

16. The projector has an angle of view, the first diffraction element region of the first substrate is disposed on one of two surfaces of the first substrate, the surface not facing the first lens of the projector; 15. The light guide device of claim 14, wherein a diameter of the first diffractive element region of the first substrate and a diameter of the first lens of the projector satisfy the following formula 2: [Formula 2] 1.9*[IC / 2+y2]≦a diameter of the first lens≦2.1*[IC / 2+y2] y2=distance between WG1S2 and L1S1*tan(H_Fov)+thickness of first substrate (WG1 thickness)*tan(asin(n0*sin(H_Fov) / n_WG1)) (where IC is the diameter of the first diffraction element region, L1S1 is the surface of the first lens adjacent to the first substrate, WG1S2 is the surface of the first substrate adjacent to the first lens of the projector, H_Fov is 1 / 2 the angle of view of the projector, n0 is the refractive index of air, and n_WG1 is the refractive index of the first substrate.)

17. an optical member disposed on the first diffractive element region of the first substrate; The projector has an angle of view, 15. The light guide device of claim 14, wherein a diameter of the first diffractive element region of the first substrate and a diameter of the first lens of the projector satisfy the following formula 3: [Formula 3] 1.9*[IC / 2+y3]≦a diameter of the first lens≦2.1*[IC / 2+y3] y3=(distance between WG1S2 and L1S1-thickness of optical member*tan(H_Fov)+thickness of optical member*tan(asin(n0*sin(H_Fov) / n1)) (Here, IC is the diameter of the first diffraction element region, L1S1 is the surface of the first lens adjacent to the first substrate (first lens surface), WG1S2 is the surface of the first substrate adjacent to the first lens of the projector (second surface), H_Fov is 1 / 2 the angle of view of the projector, n0 is the refractive index of air, n_WG1 is the refractive index of the first substrate, and n1 is the refractive index of the optical member.)

Images