Method for driving display device

Abstract

To display a low-resolution image at higher resolution and furthermore to reduce an afterimage.SOLUTION: Resolution is made higher by super-resolution processing. In this case, the super-resolution processing is performed after frame interpolation processing is performed. Further in that case, the super-resolution processing can be performed using a plurality of processing systems. Therefore, super-resolution processing can be performed at high speed even when frame frequency is made higher. An afterimage can be reduced since frame rate doubling is performed by frame interpolation processing.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a display device, a liquid crystal display device, a semiconductor device, a method for producing the same, or a method for manufacturing the same. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for driving a display device, a liquid crystal display device, a semiconductor device, etc. The present invention relates to a method for processing signals in a digital camera or a digital video camera. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, flat panel displays, such as liquid crystal displays, have become widely used. And the various performance features of flat panels are improving more and more. One of the specifications of a camera is its resolution (or number of pixels), and resolution has also improved significantly.

[0003] Therefore, super-resolution processing technology, which is a technology for converting low-resolution images into high-resolution images, is being developed. are being investigated (Patent Documents 1 to 3). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-160565 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-085411 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-252701 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] On the other hand, various technologies are being considered to improve the image quality of LCD displays. Therefore, in flat panel displays such as LCDs, the image quality needs to be improved. When processing to improve image quality, various problems can occur. The image quality may decrease, the image may not be displayed correctly, or power consumption may increase. This can lead to noise issues, or the need for extra components. However, this increases the cost, the size of the device, and the frame of the display device. It may become slow, processing may become slow, display may become slow, or frame may become This may result in a lower boom frequency.

[0006] In view of the above, one aspect of the present invention is a device with improved image quality, a driving method thereof, or a manufacturing method thereof. Another object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing method for a display device that displays a correct image. The present invention aims to provide a device, a driving method thereof, or a manufacturing method thereof. One aspect of the present invention is to provide a device with low power consumption, a driving method thereof, or a manufacturing method thereof. Another aspect of the present invention is a low-noise device, a driving method thereof, or a method for driving the device. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a device having a small number of parts. It is an object of the present invention to provide a driving method thereof or a manufacturing method thereof. An object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost device, a driving method thereof, or a manufacturing method thereof. Another aspect of the present invention is a miniaturized device, a driving method thereof, or a manufacturing method thereof. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a device with a small frame, Another object of the present invention is to provide a driving method or a manufacturing method thereof. The object is to provide a device with high processing speed, a driving method thereof, or a manufacturing method thereof. One aspect of the present invention provides a device with fast display speed, a driving method thereof, or a manufacturing method thereof. Another aspect of the present invention is a device with a high frame frequency, a driving method thereof, and Another object of the present invention is to provide a driving method or a manufacturing method thereof. The object is to provide a device with less afterimages, a driving method thereof, or a manufacturing method thereof. One aspect of the invention is to provide a high contrast device, a method for driving the same, or a method for manufacturing the same. The description of these issues does not preclude the existence of other issues. Note that one embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily solve all of these problems. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] After interpolating the frame data to display at a higher frame rate, super-resolution processing is performed. Using techniques, low-resolution images are converted into high-resolution images. Local brightness control using image processing and backlight (LOCAL DIMMING) Data processing for MMING, data processing for overdrive driving, etc. .

[0008] Alternatively, the frame data can be interpolated to display at a higher frame rate, while the Using resolution processing technology, low-resolution images are converted into high-resolution images. Then, edge enhancement is performed. Image processing such as interpolating frame data to display at a higher frame frequency Then, local brightness control using the backlight (local dimming) was performed. data processing for IMMING, data processing for overdrive operation, etc. cormorant.

[0009] Therefore, the first step is frame interpolation processing, and the second step is super-resolution processing. and the second step is carried out after the first step. A method for driving a liquid crystal display is provided.

[0010] Alternatively, a first step of performing frame interpolation processing and a second step of performing super-resolution processing may be performed. and a period in which the first step and the second step are performed simultaneously. The present invention provides a method for driving a liquid crystal display device.

[0011] Alternatively, a first step of performing frame interpolation processing and a second step of performing first super-resolution processing may be performed. and a third step of performing a second super-resolution process, and after the first step, A liquid crystal display characterized in that the second step or the third step is carried out. A method for driving the device is provided.

[0012] Alternatively, a first step of performing frame interpolation processing and a second step of performing super-resolution processing may be performed. and a third step of performing local dimming processing, wherein after the first step, The second step is performed, and after the second step, the third step is performed. The present invention provides a method for driving a liquid crystal display device, characterized in that:

[0013] Alternatively, a first step of performing frame interpolation processing and a second step of performing super-resolution processing may be performed. The third step performs local dimming processing, and the fourth step performs overdrive processing. and a step, wherein the second step is carried out after the first step, and the second step is carried out after the second step. After the step (3), the third step is performed, and after the third step, the fourth step is performed. The present invention provides a method for driving a liquid crystal display device, characterized in that the steps of:

[0014] The switch can be of various types. For example, an electrical switch There are various types of switches, such as switches and mechanical switches. In other words, anything that can control the flow of current is acceptable. For example, a transistor (e.g., a bipolar transistor) can be used as a switch. transistors, MOS transistors, etc.), diodes (e.g., PN diodes, PIN diodes, Schottky diodes, MIM (Metal Insulator Metal diode, MIS (Metal Insulator Semiconductor) conductor diode, diode-connected transistor, etc. Alternatively, a logic circuit that combines these can be used as a switch.

[0015] An example of a mechanical switch is a digital micromirror device (DMD). There are switches that use MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) technology. The switch has an electrode that can be moved mechanically, and the movement of the electrode Thus, the device operates by controlling conduction and non-conduction.

[0016] When a transistor is used as a switch, the transistor acts as a simple switch. However, the polarity (conductivity type) of the transistor is not particularly limited. To suppress this, it is desirable to use a transistor with a polarity that has a smaller off-state current. Transistors with low leakage current include transistors with LDD regions and multi-gate There are transistors with a structure, or transistors that operate as switches. The source terminal operates at a potential close to the low-potential power supply (Vss, GND, 0V, etc.) On the other hand, if the voltage of the source terminal is If the potential is close to the high-potential power supply (such as Vdd), a P-channel transistor is used. It is preferable to use an N-channel transistor because the source terminal is When operating at a potential close to the low-potential power supply, the source terminal of a P-channel transistor When the power supply operates at a potential close to that of the high-potential power supply, the absolute value of the voltage between the gate and source is increased. This is because the switch can operate more accurately because it can hear more. In addition, the transistor rarely operates as a source follower, so the output voltage is small. This is because the size is less likely to become small.

[0017] In addition, both N-channel and P-channel transistors are used to An S-type switch can be used as the switch. If a CMOS-type switch is used, the P channel Either an N-channel transistor or an N-channel transistor is used. When the wire is passed through, current flows, making it easier to function as a switch. Whether the voltage of the input signal is high or low, the voltage can be output appropriately. Furthermore, the voltage amplitude of the signal used to turn the switch on or off can be reduced. Therefore, power consumption can also be reduced.

[0018] When a transistor is used as a switch, the switch is connected to the input terminal (source terminal or drain terminal), and an output terminal (the other of the source terminal or drain terminal), It has a terminal (gate terminal) that controls conduction. On the other hand, it has a diode as a switch. When using a switch, the switch may not have a terminal for controlling conduction. Using diodes as switches rather than transistors reduces the wiring required to control the terminals. It can be reduced.

[0019] When it is explicitly stated that A and B are connected, it means that A and B are electrically connected. A and B are connected functionally, A and B are directly connected, Here, A and B are objects (e.g., devices, elements, circuits) Therefore, the predetermined connection relationship For example, the present invention is not limited to the connection relationships shown in the drawings or text, but may be applied to the connections shown in the drawings or text. This also includes things other than relationships.

[0020] For example, if A and B are electrically connected, the electrical connection between A and B can be The elements that function as One or more diodes (e.g., diodes) may be connected between A and B. Alternatively, When A and B are functionally connected, a circuit (e.g. For example, logic circuits (inverters, NAND circuits, NOR circuits, etc.), signal conversion circuits (DA conversion circuits, AD conversion circuits, gamma correction circuits, etc.), potential level conversion circuits (power supply circuits (boosting circuits , step-down circuits, level shifter circuits that change the potential level of signals, voltage sources, current sources , switching circuits, amplifier circuits (circuits that can increase signal amplitude or current, etc.), operational amplifiers , differential amplifier circuits, source follower circuits, buffer circuits, etc.), signal generation circuits, memory circuits, One or more control circuits may be connected between A and B. For example, Even if there is another circuit between them, if the signal output from A is transmitted to B, then A and B are are considered to be functionally connected.

[0021] When it is explicitly stated that A and B are electrically connected, it means that A and B are electrically connected. When A and B are electrically connected (i.e., when another element or circuit is placed between A and B), A and B are functionally connected (i.e., there is no other connection between A and B) and B are functionally connected (i.e., there is no other connection between A and B). When A and B are connected functionally through a circuit) and when A and B are connected directly ( In other words, A and B are connected without any other element or circuit between them. In other words, when explicitly stating that something is electrically connected, it simply means that it is connected. is the same as if it were expressly stated only that it is

[0022] Note that a display element, a display device which is a device having a display element, a light-emitting element, a device having a light-emitting element The light emitting device can have various forms and various elements. For example, the display element, display device, light-emitting element or light-emitting device may be an EL (electroluminescent EL elements (EL elements containing organic and inorganic materials, organic EL elements, inorganic EL elements), LE D (white LED, red LED, green LED, blue LED, etc.), transistor (responding to current transistors that emit light when exposed to light, electron-emitting devices, liquid crystal devices, electronic ink, electrophoretic devices, graphene Rating light bulb (GLV), plasma display panel (PDP), digital DMD (Digital Micromirror Device), Piezoelectric Ceramic Display, Carbon Nanotube The contrast, brightness, reflectance, transmittance, etc. change due to electromagnetic effects, such as The display device using the EL element may have a display medium. As a display device using electron-emitting elements, a field emission display ( FED) and SED flat panel displays (SED: Surface-conductive Displays using liquid crystal elements, such as LCDs (Electron-emitter Displays) The device is a liquid crystal display (transmissive liquid crystal display, semi-transmissive liquid crystal display, Reflective LCD displays, direct-view LCD displays, projection LCD displays), electronic An example of a display device using ink or electrophoretic elements is electronic paper.

[0023] The EL element has an anode, a cathode, and an EL layer sandwiched between the anode and the cathode. The EL layer is made up of a material that utilizes light emission (fluorescence) from singlet excitons, Some utilize light emission from triplet excitons (phosphorescence), while others utilize light emission from singlet excitons (fluorescence). Some utilize light emission from triplet excitons (phosphorescence), while others utilize organic materials. formed by inorganic matter, formed by organic matter, Materials formed by inorganic substances, including polymeric materials, low molecular weight materials, polymeric materials However, the present invention is not limited to the above. There can be various types of EL elements.

[0024] The electron-emitting device is an element that extracts electrons by concentrating a high electric field on the cathode. As electron emitters, Spindt type, carbon nanotube (CNT) type, metal-insulator - MIM (Metal-Insulator-Metal) type with metal laminated, metal-insulator MIS (Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor) ctor type, MOS type, silicon type, thin film diode type, diamond type, metal-insulated Thin film type such as semiconductor-metal type, HEED type, EL type, porous silicon type, surface conduction ( However, the electron emission element is not limited to this, and may be of any type. It can have a variety of things.

[0025] The liquid crystal element is a device that controls the transmission or non-transmission of light by the optical modulation action of liquid crystal. It is an element that consists of a pair of electrodes and liquid crystal. The optical modulation action of the liquid crystal is as follows: Controlled by the electric field applied to the liquid crystal (including the horizontal electric field, vertical electric field, or diagonal electric field) The liquid crystal element is controlled by nematic liquid crystal, cholesteric liquid crystal, smectic liquid crystal, Discotic liquid crystal, thermotropic liquid crystal, lyotropic liquid crystal, low molecular weight liquid crystal , polymer liquid crystal, polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), ferroelectric liquid crystal, antiferroelectric liquid crystal, main chain liquid crystal Examples include side-chain polymer liquid crystals, plasma-addressed liquid crystals (PALCs), and banana-shaped liquid crystals. The liquid crystal driving method is Twisted Nematic (TN). mode, STN (Super Twisted Nematic) mode, IPS (In -Plane-Switching) mode, FFS (Fringe Field Switching) itching mode, MVA (Multi-domain Vertical Alignment) Alignment) mode, PVA (Patterned Vertical Alignment) mode ment) mode, ASV (Advanced Super View) mode, ASM (Axially Symmetric aligned Micro-cell) mode OCB(Optically Compensated Birefringenc) e) mode, ECB (Electrically Controlled Birefringence Ingence) mode, FLC (Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal stal) mode, AFLC(AntiFerroelectric Liquid C Crystal mode, PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal) Crystal mode, guest host mode, Blue Phase mode However, the present invention is not limited to this, and any liquid crystal element and its driving method can be used. A variety of materials can be used as the

[0026] In addition, electronic paper is displayed by molecules (optical anisotropy, dye molecule orientation, etc.). (electrophoresis, particle migration, particle rotation, phase change, etc.), It is displayed by the movement of one end of the film, and by the color / phase change of the molecules. Some are displayed by molecular light absorption, and others by spontaneous light emission caused by electron-hole combinations. For example, the display method for electronic paper is microcapsules. Horizontally moving electrophoresis, vertically moving electrophoresis, spherical twist ball, magnetic twist Twist ball, cylindrical twist ball method, charged toner, electronic liquid powder, magnetophoretic type, magnetic heat sensitive formula, electrowetting, light scattering (transparent / opaque), cholesteric liquid crystal / light guide Layer, Cholesteric Liquid Crystal, Bistable Nematic Liquid Crystal, Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal, Dichroic Dye and Liquid Crystal Dispersion type, movable film, color development and fading by leuco dye, photochromic, electrochromic It can be made using materials such as adhesives, electrodeposition, and flexible organic light-emitting diodes. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various electronic paper and display methods can be used. Here, by using microcapsule electrophoresis, the defects of the electrophoresis method can be overcome. This solves the problem of aggregation and precipitation of electrophoretic particles. It has advantages such as low reflectivity, wide viewing angle, low power consumption, and memory properties.

[0027] The plasma display panel is made up of a substrate on which electrodes are formed, and a A substrate having grooves formed on its surface and a phosphor layer formed in the grooves is placed opposite to the substrate at a narrow distance, and a rare gas is introduced into the substrate. Alternatively, the plasma display panel has a structure in which a plasma tube is enclosed. It is also possible to sandwich the plasma tube between film electrodes from above and below. A tube is a glass tube that contains discharge gas, RGB phosphors, etc. By applying a voltage between the electrodes, ultraviolet light is generated, causing the phosphor to glow. The display can be performed by using the DC type plasma display panel. The plasma display panel may be a DP or AC type PDP. , AWS (Address While Sustain) drive, subframe reset ADS (Address Display System) is divided into a ping period, an address period, and a sustain period. Separated drive, CLEAR (HI-CONTRAST & LOW ENERGY Y ADDRESS&REDUCTION OF FALSE CONTOUR SEQ UENCE) drive, ALIS (Alternate Lighting of Surf aces) method, TERES (Technology of Reciprocal S However, it is not limited to this, and plasma Various methods can be used to drive the display panel.

[0028] In addition, display devices that require a light source, such as liquid crystal displays (transmissive liquid crystal displays), Transflective LCD displays, reflective LCD displays, direct-view LCD displays, projection LCD displays projection type liquid crystal display, display device using grating light valve (GLV), As a light source for a display device using a digital micromirror device (DMD), Uses thermoluminescence, cold cathode tube, hot cathode tube, LED, laser light source, mercury lamp, etc. However, the light source is not limited to this, and various light sources can be used. Cut.

[0029] Note that various types of transistors can be used. There is no limitation on the type of transistor used. For example, amorphous silicon, polycrystalline silicon, Microcrystalline (also called microcrystalline, nanocrystalline, or semi-amorphous) silicon The use of thin film transistors (TFTs) with non-single crystal semiconductor films, such as There are various advantages to using TFTs. For example, in the case of single crystal silicon, Since it can be manufactured at a lower temperature than conventional methods, it is possible to reduce manufacturing costs or increase the size of manufacturing equipment. Since the manufacturing equipment can be made larger, it is possible to manufacture on large substrates. Since a large number of display devices can be manufactured, they can be manufactured at low cost. Therefore, a substrate with low heat resistance can be used. A display element can be manufactured using a transistor on a light-transmitting substrate. It is possible to control the light transmission through the transistor. A part of the film that makes up the transistor can transmit light, which improves the aperture ratio. It can be done.

[0030] In addition, when producing polycrystalline silicon, by using a catalyst (such as nickel), It is possible to further improve the crystallinity and manufacture transistors with good electrical characteristics. As a result, the gate driver circuit (scanning line driver circuit) and the source driver circuit (signal line driver circuit) ), signal processing circuits (signal generation circuit, gamma correction circuit, DA conversion circuit, etc.) are integrated on the board It can be formed.

[0031] In addition, when manufacturing microcrystalline silicon, by using a catalyst (nickel, etc.), It is possible to further improve the crystallinity and manufacture transistors with good electrical characteristics. In this case, the crystallinity can be improved by simply applying heat treatment without laser irradiation. As a result, part of the source driver circuit (analog switch, etc.) and the gate The gate driver circuit (scanning line driving circuit) can be formed integrally on the substrate. If laser irradiation is not performed for crystallization, unevenness in the crystallinity of silicon can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to display images with improved quality.

[0032] However, polycrystalline silicon and microcrystalline silicon can be produced without using a catalyst (such as nickel). It is possible to do so.

[0033] In addition, improving the crystallinity of silicon to polycrystalline or microcrystalline can improve the overall panel performance. It is desirable to do this on the whole body, but it is not limited to this. The crystallinity of the silicon may be improved. For example, the peripheral circuit area, which is an area other than the pixel area, can be selectively irradiated. Alternatively, the gate driver circuit, the source driver circuit, and the Alternatively, the laser light may be irradiated only on the area of ​​the source driver circuit. Alternatively, the laser light may be irradiated only on the area of ​​the semiconductor device (for example, an analog switch). Therefore, it is possible to improve the crystallization of silicon only in areas where high-speed circuit operation is required. Since there is little need for high-speed operation in the pixel area, the crystallinity can be improved without any need for improvement. The pixel circuit can be operated without any problems. This allows the manufacturing process to be shortened, improving throughput and reducing manufacturing costs. The number of manufacturing devices required is small, which reduces manufacturing costs. It is possible to do this.

[0034] Alternatively, a transistor can be formed using a semiconductor substrate, an SOI substrate, or the like. These features result in a product with little variation in characteristics, size, shape, etc., a high current supply capacity, and a These transistors allow the fabrication of low-noise transistors. This allows for lower power consumption and higher circuit integration.

[0035] Or ZnO, a-InGaZnO, SiGe, GaAs, indium zinc oxide ( IZO), indium tin oxide (ITO), SnO, TiO, AlZnSnO (AZTO ) or oxide semiconductors, and further, Thin film transistors made of compound semiconductors or oxide semiconductors can be used. These allow the manufacturing temperature to be lowered, making it possible to manufacture transistors at room temperature, for example. As a result, it is possible to directly apply the heat to a substrate with low heat resistance, such as a plastic substrate or a film substrate. It is possible to form a transistor using these compound semiconductors or oxide semiconductors. It can be used not only for the channel part of a transistor but also for other purposes. For example, these compound semiconductors or oxide semiconductors can be used as resistor elements, pixel electrodes, transparent Furthermore, they can be formed as a film or as an electrode having a transistor. can be formed, thereby reducing costs.

[0036] Alternatively, a transistor formed by inkjet or printing can be used. These allow fabrication at room temperature, in low vacuum, or on large substrates. Since it is possible to manufacture without using a mask (reticle), The layout can be easily changed. Furthermore, since there is no need to use a resist, This reduces material costs and the number of processes. Furthermore, since the film is applied only to the necessary parts, This method is less wasteful and less costly than the method of etching after forming a film on the entire surface. can be done.

[0037] Alternatively, transistors having organic semiconductors or carbon nanotubes can be used. This allows transistors to be formed on a flexible substrate. A semiconductor device using such a substrate can be made resistant to shocks.

[0038] Furthermore, transistors of various structures can be used. For example, MOS transistors The transistors used may be junction transistors, bipolar transistors, etc. By using MOS transistors, the size of the transistors can be reduced. Therefore, a large number of transistors can be mounted. By using a transistor, a large current can be passed through. It can be made to work.

[0039] In addition, MOS transistors, bipolar transistors, etc. can be mixed on one substrate. This can achieve low power consumption, miniaturization, high-speed operation, etc. do.

[0040] In addition, various other transistors can be used.

[0041] Note that a transistor can be formed using various substrates. The substrate is not limited to a specific one. For example, the substrate may be a single crystal substrate (e.g., silicon substrate), SOI substrate, glass substrate, quartz substrate, plastic substrate, metal substrate, stainless steel Substrate with stainless steel foil, tungsten substrate, tungsten A substrate having a glass foil, a flexible substrate, etc. can be used. Examples include barium borosilicate glass and aluminoborosilicate glass. Examples of substrates include polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate. Plastics such as polyethersulfone (PEN) and polyethersulfone (PES) or acrylic Other examples include laminated films (polypropylene, etc.) polyethylene, polyester, vinyl, polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinyl chloride, etc.), including fibrous materials Paper, base film (polyester, polyamide, polyimide, inorganic vapor deposition film, paper Or, a transistor is formed on one substrate, and then transferred to another substrate. The transistors may be transposed and placed on a different substrate. The substrates that can be placed include single crystal substrates, SOI substrates, glass substrates, quartz substrates, and plastic substrates. Substrate, paper substrate, cellophane substrate, stone substrate, wood substrate, fabric substrate (natural fiber (silk, cotton, linen) , synthetic fibers (nylon, polyurethane, polyester) or regenerated fibers (acetate, (including cupra, rayon, recycled polyester, etc.), leather substrate, rubber substrate, stainless steel A stainless steel substrate, a substrate with stainless steel foil, etc. can be used. Alternatively, the skin (epidermis, dermis) or subcutaneous tissue of an animal such as a human may be used as the substrate. Alternatively, a substrate may be used to form the transistors, and the substrate may be polished to make it thinner. The substrates that can be polished include single crystal substrates, SOI substrates, glass substrates, quartz substrates, and plastic substrates. The substrates used are stainless steel substrates, stainless steel foil substrates, etc. By using these substrates, it is possible to form transistors with good characteristics and to Formation of low-power transistors, manufacturing of durable devices, imparting heat resistance, weight reduction, This allows for a thinner design.

[0042] The structure of the transistor can take various forms and is not limited to a specific structure. For example, a multi-gate structure with two or more gate electrodes can be applied. When the gate structure is used, the channel regions are connected in series, so multiple transistors are connected in series. The multi-gate structure reduces the off-state current and improves the transistor's durability. Alternatively, the multi-gate structure can be used to improve saturation voltage (improve reliability). When operating in the MOSFET region, the drain-source current remains constant even if the drain-source voltage changes. The voltage-current characteristic does not change much, and the slope of the voltage-current characteristic can be made flat. By taking advantage of the flat slope of As a result, it is possible to realize an active load with good characteristics, such as a differential circuit or a current mirror. The circuit can be realized.

[0043] As another example, a structure in which gate electrodes are arranged above and below the channel can be applied. By using a structure in which gate electrodes are arranged above and below the channel, The current value can be increased by increasing the number of gate electrodes above and below the channel. By using a structure in which the depletion layer is easily formed, the S value can be improved. In addition, by arranging gate electrodes above and below the channel, , a configuration in which a plurality of transistors are connected in parallel.

[0044] A structure in which a gate electrode is disposed above a channel region, and a structure in which a gate electrode is disposed below a channel region The structure in which the channel region is divided into multiple regions is also available. a structure in which the channel regions are connected in parallel, or a structure in which the channel regions are connected in series Furthermore, the channel region (or a part thereof) can be provided with a source electrode or a drain electrode. A structure in which the source electrode and drain electrode are overlapped can also be applied. By using a structure in which the drain electrodes overlap, charges accumulate in part of the channel region. This can prevent the operation from becoming unstable. By providing an LDD region, it is possible to reduce the off-current or increase the breakdown voltage of the transistor. Alternatively, by providing an LDD region, When operating in the saturation region, the drain-source voltage remains constant even if the drain-source voltage changes. The current does not change much, and the slope of the voltage-current diagram can be made flat.

[0045] Note that various types of transistors can be used and can be formed using various substrates. Therefore, all the circuits required to realize a given function can be simultaneously For example, it is possible to form the circuit necessary to realize a predetermined function on a single substrate. All of the circuits are made on various substrates such as glass, plastic, single crystal, or SOI. It is also possible to form the circuit using a substrate that is necessary to realize a predetermined function. All components are formed using the same substrate, reducing the number of components and reducing costs. Alternatively, the reliability can be improved by reducing the number of connection points with the circuit components. A part of the circuit required to realize a specific function is formed on a certain substrate, and the specific function is Other parts of the circuitry required for realization may be formed on other substrates. In other words, all of the circuits required to realize a given function are formed using the same substrate. For example, some of the circuits required to realize a specific function may be The transistors on the substrate form another circuit necessary to realize a specific function. Some are formed on single crystal substrates and consist of transistors formed using single crystal substrates. The IC chip is then connected to the glass substrate using COG (Chip On Glass). The IC chip can be placed on the substrate. B (Tape Automated Bonding) or printed circuit boards are used to bond glass substrates. In this way, part of the circuit is formed on the same substrate. This reduces costs by reducing the number of components, and reduces the number of connections to circuit components. It is possible to improve reliability. Alternatively, it is possible to improve reliability by reducing the number of parts with high drive voltages and high drive frequencies. The power consumption of the circuitry in the part is large, so the circuitry in such part should be on the same board. Instead, for example, a circuit for that part is formed on a single crystal substrate, and By using an IC chip configured in this way, it is possible to prevent an increase in power consumption.

[0046] A pixel is the smallest unit of an image. Therefore, it is divided into R (red), G (green), and B (blue). In the case of a full-color display device consisting of color elements of R and G, one pixel is a dot of the color element R. The color elements are composed of dots of the color elements A and B. The colors are not limited to three, and more than three colors may be used, or colors other than RGB may be used. For example, Alternatively, you can add white to make it RGBW (W is white). You may add one or more colors such as blue, cyan, magenta, emerald green, or vermilion. For example, a color similar to at least one color in RGB may be added to RGB. For example, R, G, B1, B2 may be used. B1 and B2 are both blue, but slightly different. The wavelengths are different. Similarly, R1, R2, G, and B may be used. By using these color elements, it is possible to display a more realistic image. By using this, it is possible to reduce power consumption. There may be multiple element dots. In that case, each of the multiple color elements contributes to the display. The size of the area may be different. Alternatively, multiple dots of the same color element may be used. By controlling each of these, gradation can be expressed. This is called area gradation method. Alternatively, a plurality of dots of the same color element may be used, and the signal supplied to each dot may be The viewing angle may be widened by slightly differentiating the two. The pixel electrodes of the same color elements may have different potentials. The voltage applied to the crystal molecules varies depending on the pixel electrode. This makes it possible to widen the viewing angle. Yes, it is possible.

[0047] When showing a circuit diagram, one pixel represents one element that can control brightness. In such cases, one pixel is considered to represent one color element. The brightness is expressed by one of the color elements. Therefore, in this case, R (red), G (green), and B (blue) In the case of a color display device consisting of color elements of R and G, the smallest unit of the image is the R pixel and the G pixel. In some cases, it may be configured as three pixels, namely, pixel A and pixel B.

[0048] In some cases, pixels are arranged (arranged) in a matrix. The term "arranged in a trix" means that the pixels are arranged in a straight line in the vertical or horizontal direction. This includes cases where the elements are arranged side by side, or in a jagged line. For example, when displaying full color using three color elements (e.g., RGB), a stripe arrangement is used. This also includes cases where the dots of the three color elements are arranged in a delta arrangement. , including the case of Bayer arrangement. The size of the display area for each dot of the color element is This can reduce power consumption or extend the life of the display element. can be done.

[0049] In addition, the active matrix type has active elements in the pixels, or the active elements in the pixels A passive matrix system without the use of a polarizer can be used.

[0050] In the active matrix system, the active element (active element, nonlinear element) is a transistor. By using not only transistors but also various active elements (active elements, nonlinear elements), For example, MIM (Metal Insulator Metal) and TFD It is also possible to use a thin film diode (Thin Film Diode). Since the number of manufacturing steps is small, it is possible to reduce manufacturing costs and improve yields. Furthermore, the small size of the element allows for an improved aperture ratio, resulting in lower power consumption and higher brightness. It is possible to improve the quality.

[0051] In addition to the active matrix type, there are also active elements (active elements, non-linear It is also possible to use a passive matrix type that does not use active elements. Since it does not use any active elements or nonlinear elements, there are fewer manufacturing steps, which reduces manufacturing costs and It is possible to improve the accuracy. No active elements (active elements, non-linear elements) are used. Therefore, the aperture ratio can be improved, and it is possible to achieve low power consumption and high brightness.

[0052] A transistor is defined as a transistor having at least three terminals including a gate, a drain, and a source. The element has a channel region between a drain region and a source region. A current can flow through the drain region, the channel region, and the source region. The source and drain depend on the transistor structure and operating conditions, so it is difficult to know which is the source and which is the drain. Therefore, it is difficult to determine whether the source or drain is the source or drain. The region that functions as a source or drain is sometimes not called a source or drain. In some cases, they are referred to as the first terminal and the second terminal. They may be referred to as the first electrode and the second electrode. Alternatively, they may be referred to as the first region and the second region. There is a match.

[0053] The transistor has at least three terminals including a base, an emitter, and a collector. In this case, the emitter and the collector may be connected to the first terminal and the second terminal. It may be written as 2 terminals, etc.

[0054] Semiconductor devices include semiconductor elements (transistors, diodes, thyristors, etc.). Furthermore, it refers to devices that can function by utilizing the characteristics of semiconductors. The term "semiconductor device" can be used to refer to any device that has semiconductor material. He says.

[0055] Note that the display device refers to a device having a display element. The display device may include a plurality of pixels including a plurality of pixels. The peripheral driving circuit for driving a plurality of pixels may include a plurality of The display device may be formed on the same substrate as the pixel. Peripheral drive circuits arranged on the substrate by, for example, chip-on-glass (COG) It may include an IC chip connected by a wire or an IC chip connected by a tab or the like. The display device may include IC chips, resistors, capacitors, inductors, transistors, etc. The circuit may include a flexible printed circuit (FPC) to which The display device is connected via a flexible printed circuit (FPC) or other device, and the IC chip A printed circuit board on which chips, resistors, capacitors, inductors, transistors, etc. are mounted. The display device may include a polarizing plate or a retardation plate. The display device may include an illumination device, a housing, an audio input / output device, an optical sheet, and the like. It may also include an optical sensor.

[0056] The lighting device includes a backlight unit, a light guide plate, a prism sheet, a diffusion sheet, a reflector, It has a reflecting sheet, light source (LED, cold cathode fluorescent lamp, etc.), cooling device (water-cooled, air-cooled), etc. That's fine.

[0057] The light-emitting device refers to a device having a light-emitting element or the like. When a light emitting device has a light element, the light emitting device is a specific example of a display device.

[0058] The reflecting device is a device having a light reflecting element, a light diffracting element, a light reflecting electrode, etc. This is what is meant.

[0059] Note that the liquid crystal display device refers to a display device having a liquid crystal element. There are direct-view, projection, transmissive, reflective, and semi-transmissive types.

[0060] The driving device refers to a device that has semiconductor elements, electric circuits, and electronic circuits. For example, a transistor (selection transistor) that controls the input of a signal from a source signal line to a pixel (sometimes called a transistor or switching transistor) and supplies voltage or current to the pixel electrode. The transistors that supply a voltage or current to the light-emitting element are Furthermore, a circuit for supplying a signal to the gate signal line (a gate driver, a gate a circuit that supplies signals to the source signal lines (sometimes called a source line driver circuit, etc.), A driver (sometimes called a source line driver circuit) is an example of a driver.

[0061] In addition, the present invention is applicable to display devices, semiconductor devices, lighting devices, cooling devices, light-emitting devices, reflecting devices, driving devices, etc. For example, a display device may include a semiconductor device and a light emitting device. Alternatively, the semiconductor device may have a display device and a driving device. This may be the case.

[0062] Note that it is not explicitly stated that B is formed on A, or that B is formed on A. In the case of the above, it is not limited to B being formed on A in direct contact with it. This also includes cases where A and B are not in agreement, i.e., where another object is present between A and B. Here, A and B are objects (e.g., devices, elements, circuits, wiring, electrodes, terminals, conductive films, layers, etc.). , etc.).

[0063] Therefore, for example, it is not possible to explicitly state that layer B is formed on top of layer A (or on top of layer A). When described, it means that layer B is formed directly on layer A, and layer A is formed on layer B. Another layer (such as layer C or layer D) is formed directly on top of it, and layer B is formed directly on top of it. It should be noted that other layers (such as layers C and D) may be formed as follows: It may be a single layer or multiple layers.

[0064] Furthermore, the same applies to cases where it is explicitly stated that B is formed above A. It is not limited to B being directly on A, and there is another object between A and B. For example, if layer B is formed above layer A, In this case, there are two cases: when layer B is formed directly on top of layer A, and when layer B is formed directly on top of layer A. Another layer (such as layer C or layer D) is formed on top of it, and layer B is formed directly on top of it. It should be noted that other layers (such as layers C and D) may be used as single layers. It may be a multi-layer structure.

[0065] In addition, B is formed on A, B is formed on A, or B is formed above A. When explicitly stating that "B" is formed, this also includes the case where B is formed diagonally above. .

[0066] The same applies to the case where B is below A, or B is below A.

[0067] In addition, it is preferable that anything explicitly stated as singular be in the singular. However, it is not limited to this, and plurals are also possible. It is preferable that the items described in the table be plural. However, this is not limited to this. It is also possible for the term to be singular.

[0068] In the drawings, the size, thickness of layers, or areas may be exaggerated for clarity. Therefore, it is not necessarily limited to that scale.

[0069] The diagrams are merely diagrams showing ideal examples, and are not limited to the shapes or values ​​shown in the diagrams. For example, variations in shape due to manufacturing technology, variations in shape due to errors, and noise Variations in signals, voltages, or currents due to timing differences, or variations in signals, voltages, Alternatively, it is possible to include variations in current.

[0070] Note that technical terms may be used to describe specific embodiments or examples. However, one aspect of the present invention is not to be construed as being limited by technical terms. .

[0071] In addition, undefined terms (including scientific and technical terms such as technical terms or academic terms) are generally It can be used as a meaning equivalent to the general meaning understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art. The terms defined herein shall be construed in a manner consistent with the background of the relevant art. is preferred.

[0072] It should be noted that the terms first, second, third, etc., refer to various elements, members, regions, layers, and sections as distinct from one another. Therefore, the words "first," "second," "third," etc. are used to distinguish between elements, parts, etc. It is not intended to limit the number of materials, regions, layers, areas, etc. It is possible to replace "second" or "third" etc.

[0073] In addition, "up," "upward," "down," "downward," "sideways," "right," "left," Spatial arrangement such as "diagonally," "in the back," "in front," "inside," "outside," or "inside" The location phrases should be used to easily illustrate the relationship of one element or feature to another. However, it is not limited to this and is often used to indicate the spatial arrangement of these. The phrase "above A" can include other directions in addition to the direction shown in the drawing. For example, When explicitly indicated as B, B is not limited to being above A. can be flipped or rotated 180 degrees, so it can include B being below A. In this way, the word "upon" can be used to refer to the direction of "up" as well as the direction of "down." The devices shown may include, but are not limited to, various orientations. Since it is possible to rotate the word "on" in addition to the directions "on" and "under" "Sideways", "Right", "Left", "Diagonally", "Back", "Front", "Inside", "Outside" It is possible to include other directions such as "into" or "into"; It is possible to interpret this as: [Effects of the Invention]

[0074] This makes it possible to improve image quality. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0075] [Figure 1] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating a flow according to an example of an embodiment. [Figure 2]1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating a display screen according to an example of an embodiment. [Figure 3] 1A to 1D are diagrams illustrating a flow according to an example of an embodiment. [Figure 4] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating a flow according to an example of an embodiment. [Figure 5] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating a flow according to an example of an embodiment. [Figure 6] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating a circuit according to an example of an embodiment. [Figure 7] 1A to 1E are diagrams illustrating a flow according to an example of an embodiment. [Figure 8] 1A to 1E are diagrams illustrating a flow according to an example of an embodiment. [Figure 9] 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating a flow according to an example of an embodiment. [Figure 10] 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating a flow according to an example of an embodiment. [Figure 11] 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating a flow according to an example of an embodiment. [Figure 12] 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating a flow according to an example of an embodiment. [Figure 13] 1A and 1B are a top view and a cross-sectional view, respectively, illustrating a device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 14] 1A and 1C are top views, and 1B and 1D are cross-sectional views illustrating a device according to an example of an embodiment. [Figure 15] 1A, 1C, and 1E are diagrams for explaining voltages of a display element according to an example of an embodiment, and 1B, 1C, and 1E are diagrams for explaining transmittances of the display element according to an example of an embodiment. [Figure 16] 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating a display screen according to an example of an embodiment. [Figure 17] 1A to 1G are diagrams illustrating circuits according to an example of an embodiment. [Figure 18] 1A to 1H are diagrams illustrating circuits according to an example of an embodiment. [Figure 19] 1A and 1B illustrate a structure of a display device according to an example of an embodiment. [Figure 20] 1A to 1E illustrate a structure of a display device according to an example of an embodiment. [Figure 21] 1A to 1C are cross-sectional views illustrating a structure of a transistor according to an example of an embodiment. [Figure 22] 1A to 1H illustrate electronic devices according to examples of an embodiment. [Figure 23] 1A to 1H illustrate electronic devices according to examples of an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0076] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. It is possible to carry out the invention in various forms and in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to the embodiments. It should not be construed as being limited to the contents of the description. In the drawings, parts or parts having similar functions are indicated by the same reference numerals, and the same parts or parts having similar functions are indicated by the same reference numerals. A detailed description of parts having similar functions will be omitted.

[0077] Note that the content (or even a part of the content) described in one embodiment may be used in conjunction with that embodiment. Other content (or even part of content) described in the above, and / or one or more other implementations The content (or part of the content) described in the form of You can do things like:

[0078] The contents described in the embodiments are explained in detail in each embodiment using various drawings. This refers to the content that is stated or the content that is stated using the text in the specification.

[0079] In addition, the figure (even a part of it) described in a certain embodiment can be combined with another part of that figure, another figure (even a part of it) described in that embodiment, and / or a figure (even a part of it) described in one or more other embodiments to form even more figures.

[0080] In addition, in the figure or text described in a certain embodiment, it is possible to extract a part of it to form an aspect of the invention. Therefore, when a figure or text describing a certain part is provided, the content obtained by extracting a part of the figure or text is also disclosed as an aspect of the invention and can form an aspect of the invention. For example, an active element (such as a transistor or diode), wiring, a passive element (such as a capacitor or resistor), a conductive layer, an insulating layer, a semiconductor layer, an organic material, an inorganic material, a component, a substrate, a module, a device, a solid, a liquid, a gas, an operation method, a manufacturing method, etc., when described singly or plurally in a drawing (such as a cross-sectional view, a plan view, a circuit diagram, a block diagram, a flowchart, a process diagram, a perspective view , an elevation view, an arrangement diagram, a timing chart, a structural diagram, a schematic diagram, a graph, a table, an optical path diagram, a vector diagram, a state diagram, a waveform diagram, a photograph, a chemical formula, etc.) or text, it is possible to extract a part of it to form an aspect of the invention. As an example, from a circuit diagram composed of N (N is an integer) circuit elements (such as transistors and capacitors), M (M is an integer and M < N) circuit elements (such as transistors and capacitors) can be extracted to form an aspect of the invention. Another example is that from a cross-sectional view composed of N (N is an integer) layers, M (M is an integer and M < N) layers can be extracted to form an aspect of the invention. ​ It is possible. As another example, from a flowchart composed of N (N is an integer) elements, it is possible to extract M (M is an integer, M < N) elements and constitute an aspect of the invention.

[0081] (Embodiment 1) Super-resolution processing is a process of generating a high-resolution image based on a low-resolution image. Or, super-resolution processing is a process of restoring lost information during shooting or signal transfer. Therefore, due to low resolution, fine details are blurred and averaged in the image. By performing super-resolution processing on the averaged image, it is possible to generate an image that can accurately recognize even fine details. Therefore, when displaying such a high-resolution image, it is possible to display a high-quality image. For example, in an image of a park with many small stones arranged, or an image of a tree with many fine leaves arranged, each small stone and each fine leaf can be accurately recognized by performing super-resolution processing. Similarly, for blurred characters that could not be read, by performing super-resolution processing, fine details can be recognized, so that they can be accurately read. That is, it becomes possible to see as if the vision has improved. For example, super-resolution processing creates an image with a resolution (number of pixels) of 1920×1080 by restoring image information from an image with a resolution (number of pixels) of 1440×1080. That is, it is possible to say that the super-resolution processing technology performs resolution conversion while increasing the amount of image information from the original image. Or, super-resolution processing is to restore, among the information contained in the image, the standard of the input image. ​​​This is a technology for restoring frequency components higher than the Nyquist frequency determined by the original frequency. It is also possible to say:

[0082] On the other hand, hold-type displays such as LCDs are not suitable for displaying fast-moving images. When using this function, the video may become blurred and you may see afterimages. When you move the screen up and down or left and right, the characters may become blurred and difficult to read. There is a match.

[0083] Therefore, frame interpolation processing is used to improve the frame frequency and improve the resolution of moving images. Frame interpolation is a process that interpolates frames to reduce afterimages. This is the process of interpolating frame data when increasing the frame frequency. For example, as shown in Figure 2(A), in the first frame image, a circle is displayed on the left edge. In the second frame, the circle moves from left to right, so it appears at the right edge. At this time, create data in which the circle is displayed in the center. The process of creating the interpolated frame is called frame interpolation. The frame frequency for display can be increased by the number of frames added. By performing frame interpolation processing and displaying at a higher frame frequency, It can accurately display a smooth image in which the image moves from left to right, reducing afterimages. Therefore, it is possible to display moving images without blurring, In this specification, the video resolution is the resolution at which a video is displayed. This refers to the apparent resolution when displayed, and is the resolution that people perceive when viewing a video. For example, if you scroll a wedge-shaped figure on the screen, you can see the resolution at the limit where you can distinguish the intervals. This is what I mean.

[0084] In this way, frame interpolation processing is performed, and the frame frequency is increased accordingly. For example, when the frame frequency is doubled, it is called double speed driving. When the frame frequency is four times higher, it is called quadruple speed drive. The interpolation process creates an image with the same number of frames as the original. Since the total amount of data is doubled, the frame frequency can be doubled for display. Similarly, in the case of 4x speed drive, frame interpolation processing is used to generate three times the number of frames as the original. This results in a total of four times the amount of data, so the frame frequency is By driving at double speed like this, the video characteristics can be improved. This can reduce the amount of light that remains, and the afterimage can be reduced. It is desirable that the display device is a display panel type, such as a liquid crystal display or an organic EL display. Since hold-type display devices tend to show afterimages, By using double speed driving, it is possible to reduce afterimages.

[0085] Therefore, by performing both frame interpolation and super-resolution processing, the resolution of still images and the resolution of moving images can be improved. If only super-resolution processing is performed and frame interpolation processing is not performed, the image resolution can be improved. However, if double speed driving is not performed, the resolution will be increased by the super-resolution processing. However, the image is blurred due to afterimages, etc., so the increased resolution is not visible. In other words, the effect of super-resolution processing is halved. Alternatively, if only frame interpolation processing is performed, double speed driving is performed, and super-resolution processing is not performed, Even though it is possible to see the video correctly, The resolution of the image itself is low, so it is no longer possible to display high-quality images. From the above, it is possible to accurately capture high-resolution images, whether still images or videos. In order to display the image, it is important to perform both frame interpolation and super-resolution processing. However, the embodiment is not limited to this.

[0086] Therefore, Figure 1 shows the processing flow when super-resolution processing is performed after frame interpolation processing. Here is an example.

[0087] In Figure 1(A), the image signal obtained from the image source is used after frame interpolation processing. This shows the processing flow when super-resolution processing is performed to increase the resolution. may undergo various further processing before the image is displayed.

[0088] The image source may be a TV broadcast signal sent from a broadcasting station, and / or a signal Or the image source is DVD (including for Blu-ray) optical storage media (including magnetic storage media or magneto-optical storage media), streaming media, Signals obtained from the Internet, etc., and / or images generated from such signals Or the image source is a mobile phone, computer, CPU, graphics Signals obtained from microcomputers, controllers, electronic devices, etc., and / or The image source also contains the original signal that is used to display the image. The signal may include a signal and / or an image generated from the signal.

[0089] It should be noted that the images include still images and / or video images and / or videos.

[0090] The image source can be an interlaced image or a progressive image. It can be a non-interlaced (non-interlaced) image or an image The source is IP conversion, a process that converts interlaced images into progressive images. It is possible that the image has already undergone interlace-progressive conversion. Alternatively, IP conversion can be performed before or after frame interpolation processing, or before super-resolution processing. Figure 3(A) shows the super-resolution process using a progressive image. Part of the processing flow is shown in Figure 3(B). After IP conversion of an interlaced image, Part of the processing flow when performing frame interpolation processing is shown in Figure 3(C). After IP conversion of the image, frame interpolation processing is performed, and then super-resolution processing is performed. Part of the processing flow is shown in Figure 3(D). After the interlaced image is IP converted, 10 shows a part of the processing flow when performing resolution processing.

[0091] Usually, super-resolution processing is performed on one image (or part of it), or multiple images (or The super-resolution process is performed using a part of the images. By creating a high-resolution image, it is possible to accurately In order to perform super-resolution processing, it is necessary to consider the lack of some image information, such as interlacing. Therefore, the image to be super-resolution processed is a progressive (non-intuitive) image. It is desirable that the image is interlaced (non-interlaced). In the case of images with a progressive image, IP conversion is performed before super-resolution processing. However, in one embodiment, the super-resolution processing is preferably performed using the image. Not limited.

[0092] The IP conversion can be performed before or after the super-resolution process. The IP conversion can be done before or after the frame interpolation process. It can be done before or after other processing.

[0093] As shown in Figure 4(A), the resolution (number of pixels) of the image before super-resolution processing is However, it is desirable that the resolution (number of pixels) of the image after super-resolution processing is higher, An example of the embodiment is not limited to this. For example, before performing the super-resolution processing, enlargement processing or the like may be performed. In that case, the resolution (or number of pixels) is already high. Because the image quality is higher, the resolution itself does not change before and after super-resolution processing. However, The enlargement process before the super-resolution process does not restore the missing image information. It is simply enlarged, so the display itself does not have high image quality. For example, A park with many small stones or a tree with many small leaves In images such as these, each small stone and each fine leaf can be clearly seen by enlarging them. , it is not displayed accurately, but is simply enlarged and displayed in a blurry state. Therefore, by performing super-resolution processing, the image resolution (number of pixels) does not change. However, the missing image information is restored, resulting in a high-quality image in which even the finer details can be distinguished. In other words, as shown in Figure 4(B), a 1440 x 1080 image The image is enlarged to 1920 x 1080, and the 1920 x 1080 image is enlarged to 1920 x It is also possible to perform super-resolution processing on 1080 images. In this case, the 1440 x 1080 When enlarging an image to a 1920 x 1080 image, no information is restored. After super-resolution processing, the information is restored, so even the finer details can be accurately identified. It is possible to create an image that can be viewed as such.

[0094] This often occurs over the entire screen, but in this embodiment, It is not limited to this, and may occur in a part of the screen.

[0095] In addition, the resolution is increased by enlargement processing, and then the resolution is further increased by super-resolution processing. For example, you can convert an 800x600 image to a 1440x1080 image. The image is enlarged to 1440 x 1080, and then the 1440 x 1080 image is super-resolved to 1920 x 1080. However, if the resolution is increased by enlarging the image, the information However, when the resolution is increased by super-resolution processing, the information is not restored. However, the example of the embodiment is not limited to this.

[0096] Alternatively, the resolution can be increased by super-resolution processing, and then the resolution can be further increased by enlargement processing. For example, you can convert an 800x600 image to a 1440x1080 image. The 1440 x 1080 image is then enlarged to a 1920 x 1080 image. However, if the resolution is increased by enlarging the image, the information may be lost. No restoration has been performed. And when the resolution is increased by super-resolution processing, the information However, the embodiment is not limited to this.

[0097] The enlargement process can be performed before or after the super-resolution process. The frame interpolation process can be performed before or after the frame interpolation process. This can be done before or after the processing, but the example embodiment is not limited to this. It will not be done.

[0098] In this way, it is possible to perform both enlargement processing and super-resolution processing. If the horizontal or vertical resolution is to be increased by more than two times, more preferably by more than five times, enlargement processing and However, the embodiment is not limited to these. Not determined.

[0099] As an example of the enlargement process, a bilinear method or a bicubic method may be used. The bilinear method collects and calculates the four surrounding pixels, and when enlarged, This is a method of interpolating the pixels to be added. Or, in the bicubic method, the coordinate system base after transformation In this way, 16 pixel values ​​of 4x4 are extracted from the source. The values ​​of the six points are weighted and a weighted average is calculated to determine the converted pixel value.

[0100] As shown in FIG. 4(C), the image may or may not have been enlarged. If the screen is partially or entirely enlarged, When super-resolution processing is performed and no enlargement processing is performed, that is, when the resolution is originally high It is possible to avoid super-resolution processing. Therefore, by performing image analysis, it is possible to accurately superimpose even on enlarged images. Resolution processing can be performed. As an example of an image analysis method, There is a method to judge whether or not the frequency is high by analyzing the frequency. In this case, it can be determined that the image has been enlarged.

[0101] Next, for an image with horizontal resolution (number of pixels) A and vertical resolution (number of pixels) B, super-resolution By performing image processing, an image with horizontal resolution (number of pixels) C and vertical resolution (number of pixels) D is created. Or, suppose the horizontal resolution (number of pixels) is A and the vertical resolution (number of pixels) is B. By enlarging and super-resolution processing the image, the horizontal resolution (number of pixels) Let's say the image has a resolution of C and a vertical resolution (number of pixels) of D. Then, by performing super-resolution processing, The magnification when the resolution is increased is C / A, which is the number obtained by dividing C by A, or On the other hand, when double speed driving is performed, the frame rate is Suppose the boom frequency is increased by N times.

[0102] In this case, it is desirable that N>(C / A) or N>(D / B). ≧(C / A) and N≧(D / B). is not limited to this.

[0103] When frame interpolation is performed for double-speed driving, the number of frame data to be interpolated is large. For example, in the case of Figure 2(A), the data can be created at double speed. However, by adjusting the position of the circle, as shown in Figure 2(B), it is possible to easily make it three times faster. In other words, the frame interpolation process for double-speed driving is Even if the number of data is large, it does not cause any major problems in the image. By increasing the number of frame data, the video characteristics can be further improved, and afterimages can be reduced. It is possible to further reduce

[0104] On the other hand, super-resolution processing restores the resolution information that was lost during shooting and signal transmission. Therefore, if too much information is lost, , it becomes difficult to fully restore it. Therefore, (C / A) or (D / B ) too large will cause problems with the image itself and result in distorted images.

[0105] From the above, when both frame interpolation and super-resolution processing are performed, N>(C / A) , or N>(D / B). Or N≧(C / A) and N≧ Therefore, it is desirable to process both super-resolution processing and frame interpolation processing. By satisfying this relationship, even the finer details can be seen clearly. Furthermore, it is possible to display high quality images without afterimages. An example is not limited to this.

[0106] When frame interpolation is performed, the frame is interpolated in the area where there is movement. In many cases, new data is created for the interpolation process. In most cases, data is not newly created in areas where there is no data. By frame interpolation processing, new data is generated in the area where the new data is generated. For example, in the case of Figure 2(A), as shown in Figure 2(C), In the area 301 and the area 303, the data of the first frame before interpolation and the data of the second frame before interpolation are Therefore, there is no change in the data of the interpolated frame. The data is not newly created, but the data of the first frame before interpolation or the data of the interpolated frame. The data is created using the data of the second frame just before. There is a change between the data of the first frame before interpolation and the data of the second frame before interpolation. Therefore, there are areas where the circles are erased and areas where circles are created, so new data is being created. This will be the case.

[0107] In this way, when frame interpolation processing is performed, new data is created within the screen. There may be areas where new data is not created and areas where new data is not created. The area changes from moment to moment. For example, an example of an area where data is created is a subtitle. Examples of such areas include areas where characters are displayed and the characters move up and down or left and right. When letters or symbols become difficult to see due to afterimages, it can be difficult to tell what kind of letters or symbols they are. This becomes a major problem because it becomes impossible to determine the

[0108] In this way, when frame interpolation processing is performed, new images are generated only in a part of the screen. Creating data in a timely manner can improve processing speed, reduce power consumption, or improve processing accuracy. It has the advantage of improving the degree of

[0109] On the other hand, super-resolution processing is not performed on the entire screen, but on only some areas. For example, it is possible to display a streaming broadcast on a part of the screen. In such cases, a low-resolution image may be enlarged and displayed only in that area. In this case, super-resolution processing is performed only on the area displaying the streaming broadcast to improve the image quality. It can be improved.

[0110] In this way, when super-resolution processing is performed only in a part of the screen, the processing speed is This has advantages such as improved image quality, lower power consumption, improved processing accuracy, and reduced image quality defects.

[0111] Therefore, in the screen, the first data for which new data is generated for frame interpolation processing is There is a first area where super-resolution processing is performed and a second area where super-resolution processing is performed. Therefore, there is a third region where no new data is created and no super-resolution processing is performed. The area where the first area and the second area do not overlap is also possible. Alternatively, the first region and the second region may overlap each other. can be present on the screen.

[0112] New data is created for frame interpolation processing when characters and symbols such as captions are inserted. Information is often displayed, and super-resolution processing is performed in areas with little movement. Therefore, new frames are generated within the screen for frame interpolation processing. The first area where the super-resolution data is generated and the second area where the super-resolution processing is performed do not overlap. It is preferable to have a region for the following reasons: The first area where new data is created for processing is an area where there is movement, so afterimages are generated. To make it invisible, new data is created for frame interpolation processing. In areas with movement like this, even if you use super-resolution processing to increase the resolution, the eye cannot perceive that resolution. Therefore, in such moving areas, It can be said that there are cases where super-resolution processing is not performed. In this area, it is desirable to be able to see even the finer details clearly, and it is also desirable to have a static, motionless area. When displaying an image like a picture, it is important to be able to see the fine details clearly. Since this situation may occur, both frame interpolation and super-resolution processing are This allows you to display a screen that has the advantages of both, while also allowing you to The first area is where new data is created for the image interpolation process, and the second area is where the super-resolution process is performed. It is possible for the image to have non-overlapping areas, resulting in an optimal image. However, the embodiment is not limited to this.

[0113] In this way, by performing frame interpolation processing and super-resolution processing, It is possible to display images with high resolution and high video resolution.

[0114] In addition, if you perform frame interpolation processing and then super-resolution processing, Therefore, the processing speed of the super-resolution processing cannot keep up. Therefore, it is possible to provide multiple processing systems that perform super-resolution processing. For example, Figure 1(B) shows a case where two super-resolution processing systems are provided. Figure 1(C) shows the case where three processing systems are provided. Similarly, any number of processing systems can be provided. It is Noh.

[0115] When multiple processing systems are provided, it is possible to allocate processing to each processing system in various ways. For example, the right half of the screen can be processed by super-resolution processing 1, and the left half of the screen can be processed by super-resolution processing 2. Normally, image data is transferred line by line, so it is By dividing the data into two parts, left and right, the processing is allocated to super-resolution processing 1 and super-resolution processing 2. However, the embodiment is not limited to this.

[0116] Or, a certain frame (for example, an odd-numbered frame, or a frame interpolation process) The frames that are not even-numbered are processed by super-resolution processing 1, and other frames (e.g., even-numbered frames) are processed by super-resolution processing 2. The frame (or the frame created by frame interpolation) is processed by super-resolution processing 2. This allows the processing speed of super-resolution processing to be faster than the frame frequency. Even if the processing is slower than the other, by alternating the processing, the processing can be completed normally. Since the processing speed of one processing system can be slow, power consumption can be reduced. do.

[0117] In addition, in one example of the embodiment, the super-resolution processing is performed after the frame interpolation processing is completed. For example, as shown in FIG. 5(A), the super-resolution image is generated while performing frame interpolation processing. First, image data A is supplied from an image source. is the original image data, not the image data created by frame interpolation processing. Therefore, super-resolution processing can be performed immediately. Next, image data B is Therefore, the image data A and B already supplied are used. Interpolate frame data using image data A and image data B. During the image processing, the image data A can be used to perform the super-resolution processing. In other words, image data A is used for both frame interpolation processing and super-resolution processing. Therefore, it appears that super-resolution processing and frame interpolation processing are performed simultaneously. Then, the image data A and B are used in frame interpolation processing to generate the image. Then, data C is generated by frame interpolation using image data A and image data B. The image data C is subjected to super-resolution processing. In this way, the frame interpolation processing and the super-resolution processing are performed. By processing simultaneously, the number of memories required to store image data A can be reduced. If image data A is stored in one memory, it can be processed by super-resolution processing and frame interpolation processing. However, the frame data can be processed by reading the data individually. The image data created by this process is then subjected to frame interpolation and then super-resolution processing. However, the embodiment is not limited to these examples.

[0118] As in Figure 1(B), multiple processing systems are provided for super-resolution processing. It is possible to simultaneously perform frame interpolation processing, as shown in Figure 5(B). For example, super-resolution processing 2 is used to perform super-resolution processing on at least image data A. At the same time, frame interpolation processing is performed using at least image data A. Also, using image data A, frame interpolation processing and super-resolution processing are performed simultaneously. Using resolution processing 1, super-resolution processing is performed on the frame-interpolated image data. In this way, by providing multiple super-resolution processing systems, processing can be performed simultaneously. In addition, frame data that is not created by frame interpolation can be processed using super-resolution processing 2. By using this, super-resolution processing can be performed quickly. Once input is made, it can be displayed quickly. This is suitable for displaying images that require time processing. is not limited to this.

[0119] In addition, when multiple processes are performed simultaneously, they may be performed simultaneously only during part of each processing period. In other words, it is possible to perform multiple processes simultaneously. However, it is possible to have a period in which multiple processes are not being performed at the same time. It is also possible for multiple processes to be performed simultaneously during the entire processing period.

[0120] Alternatively, it may be as shown in FIG. 5(C). For example, for at least image data A, Then, super-resolution processing is performed using super-resolution processing 1 or super-resolution processing 2. At the same time, at least one image is Frame interpolation is performed using image data A. Then, the frame interpolation process and the super-resolution process are performed at the same time. Using image processing 1, super-resolution processing is performed on the frame-interpolated image data. By providing multiple super-resolution processing systems, it is possible to perform the processing simultaneously. In addition, frame data that is not created by frame interpolation may be processed using super-resolution processing1 or By using super-resolution processing 2, super-resolution processing can be performed quickly. Once the image data is input, it can be displayed quickly. This is suitable for displaying images that require real-time processing, such as: The embodiment is not limited to this example.

[0121] As an example, the processing flow is shown in Figs. 1, 3, 4, and 5. An example of a configuration (block diagram) for realizing this is shown in FIG. For example, an image source is input to the output terminal of the circuit 101. The output terminal of the circuit 102 is connected to the output terminal of the circuit 103. The circuit 101 is connected to an input terminal of the frame interpolation processing circuit 102. The circuit 102 has a function of performing super-resolution processing, for example. The circuit 101 or the circuit 102 has a memory circuit (memory) for storing information. Alternatively, the circuit 101 or the circuit 102 may have a unit for calculating. It is possible to do so.

[0122] Alternatively, another example of the configuration (block diagram) for realizing the processing flow is shown in FIG. 6(B). 6B corresponds to FIG. 1B. For example, an image source is connected to the input terminal of the circuit 101. The output terminal of the circuit 101 is connected to the output terminal of the circuit 102 via the switch 103a. The output terminal of the circuit 101 is connected to the input terminal of the switch 103. The output terminal of the circuit 102a is connected to the input terminal of the circuit 102b via the The output terminal of the circuit 102b is connected to the output terminal of the circuit 102b via the switch 104a. is connected to the output terminal via the switch 104b. As shown, the switch 103b is connected between the input terminal of the circuit 102b and the input terminal of the circuit 101. It is also possible to connect the circuit 10 to the circuit 10. The circuit 102a and the circuit 102b have a function of performing frame interpolation processing. The circuit 101 or the circuit 102 has a function of performing super-resolution processing. Alternatively, the circuit 101 or the circuit 10 2 may have a unit for calculating. switch 103b, switch 104a, and / or switch 104b, respectively. This allows simultaneous processing.

[0123] Note that the circuit 101, the circuit 102, the circuit 102a, and / or the circuit 102b each The functions can be realized using hardware or software. It is possible to achieve this, and it can also be achieved using both hardware and software. It is possible to increase the processing speed by using hardware. Alternatively, it is possible to reduce power consumption. This allows the processing contents to be changed and various processing to be performed as appropriate.

[0124] Alternatively, a multi-core CPU with multiple CPU cores can be used to process the data on each CPU core. By distributing the processing, it is possible to perform multiple super-resolution processes and frame interpolation processes. In this way, by using a multi-core CPU, high-speed processing is possible with fewer components. Such a multi-core CPU can be implemented in a semiconductor device with SOI. By using SOI, it can be configured with a device (or transistor). It can be operated with low power consumption and heat generation during operation can be kept low.

[0125] Even if the number of processes increases, the circuit 101, the circuit 102, the circuit 102a, or the circuit 1 By adding circuits like 02b, a circuit similar to that shown in Figure 6 can be constructed. Note that the processing performed by the circuit 101, the circuit 102, the circuit 102a, or the circuit 102b is The present invention is not limited to resolution processing or frame interpolation processing, and various other processing may be performed. do.

[0126] In the above and / or the following, the super-resolution processing Alternatively, it is possible to simply perform enlargement processing or the like.

[0127] (Embodiment 2) Next, we will explain an example of super-resolution processing technology. By using super-resolution processing, it is possible to obtain high-resolution images. The image can be displayed.

[0128] First, we detect the area with motion and extract the velocity information of that area. For an image in, we use vectors representing the flow of each pixel from the two images before and after it. Then, the position per image of the relevant area is calculated from the extracted velocity information. The displacement is detected with an accuracy of less than one pixel. Then, based on the detected amount of misalignment, the amount of misalignment between the images is calculated. By performing this process, the physical resolution is In this way, super-resolution processing technology can generate images with a resolution exceeding 100 times higher. Information for high-resolution image restoration is generated based on motion vector information from low-resolution images. It can be said that it is a technology for extracting and restoring data.

[0129] As a method of similar super-resolution processing technology, for example, first, highly correlated consecutive images are extracted from the image. Then, motion vectors of the image are detected with a precision close to the pixel level. Then, pixel-by-pixel motion is tracked and the change information of the tracked pixels between each frame is recorded. Then, the camera shakes slightly, and the missing high-resolution pixels are inferred. Therefore, even though the same part is photographed, the low-resolution part photographed looks different. This information is then used to fill in the missing pixels and achieve high resolution. In other words, this processing method is a time-dependent process that searches deeply in the time direction. In this case, the motion vector This allows for precise capture of the inter-frame information that could not be obtained due to camera resolution during shooting. It is also possible to restore defective pixels.

[0130] Alternatively, another super-resolution process is to investigate the similarity between multiple frames. Similar frames are aligned to understand the temporal changes of each pixel. A method can be used to predictively generate the missing high-resolution pixels.

[0131] Alternatively, as another super-resolution process, first, multiple consecutive image information is analyzed. By correcting the common parts of the subject, high frequency components are restored. This allows for high resolution images. You can get it.

[0132] Alternatively, a reconstruction-type super-resolution processing method can be used as another super-resolution processing method. In the constructive super-resolution processing method, first, a high-resolution image (initial high-resolution image) is generated from the original low-resolution image. Then, from the assumed high-resolution image, the Based on the point spread function (PSF) of the In other words, it is down-converted using a unique function (imaging model function) to the original low resolution. Then, we create a low-resolution image with the same resolution as the image. Then, we compare the estimated value with the observed pixel value ( The difference between the image before down-conversion and the observed value is calculated. This search process is repeated until convergence is reached, and the accuracy is improved. It is possible to improve the search speed or to limit the search time to just one. High resolution images can be obtained.

[0133] As an imaging model function, for example, a one-dimensional linear filter is applied vertically and horizontally, two-dimensionally. It is possible to use an image sensor model that uses the same image sensor.

[0134] In this reconstruction-based super-resolution processing method, the initial high-resolution image is used for repeated calculations. The calculation method used is ML. (Maximum-likelihood) method, MAP(Maximum A Post erior) method or POCS (Projection On to Convex Sets method can be used.

[0135] In the ML method, the difference between the estimated pixel value from the assumed high-resolution image and the actually observed pixel value is The square error is used as the evaluation function. Then, we select a high-resolution image that minimizes the evaluation function. This is a method of making a fixed image.

[0136] The MAP method minimizes an evaluation function that adds probability information of high-resolution images to the squared error. The MAP method is a method for estimating a high-resolution image. Super-resolution is a method to estimate high-resolution images by using visual information as an optimization problem to maximize the posterior probability. It is an image processing method.

[0137] The POCS method creates simultaneous equations for the pixel values ​​of high-resolution and low-resolution images, and It is a method of solving equations sequentially.

[0138] Note that multiple frames of an image are synthesized to form one frame. Increase the resolution of the image by increasing the , and high-resolution processing is also possible.

[0139] Alternatively, iterative methods, frequency domain methods, statistical methods, etc. can be used as super-resolution processing methods. Iterative methods have three main steps: first, an initial guess is made; Second, there is the imaging process, and third, there is the reconstruction process.

[0140] It should be noted that super-resolution processing can be performed on the entire screen. Examples of the form are not limited to these. Super-resolution processing can be performed depending on the content of the image. For example, in the image, the super-resolution process is not performed on the edge or flat area, and the texture is In this case, the image is processed in real time. Then, we perform super-resolution processing only on the high frequency region. In this way, by controlling whether or not to perform super-resolution processing depending on the image, This makes it possible to reduce the deterioration of the image.

[0141] The flat area is a specific frequency range or a concentrated luminance range where the frequency is high. Therefore, the sky with a relatively smooth color distribution and a blurred background correspond to this. Therefore, this is the area in the image where gradation expression is the main focus. It is possible.

[0142] The texture part is the part of the image with high frequency. Therefore, there is a high possibility that there are more detailed parts in the texture area. By performing super-resolution processing, the effect of increasing the resolution is extremely large. can be done.

[0143] When performing super-resolution processing, the resolution is recognized in various areas of the image, It is also possible to apply different strengths of super-resolution processing to different regions.

[0144] If the resolution of the original image is high enough, it is possible to avoid super-resolution processing. It is possible to determine whether the resolution of the original image is high, and then perform super-resolution processing according to the result. It is also possible to control whether or not the process is performed.

[0145] As described above, there are various super-resolution processing techniques, but the super-resolution processing technique in this specification is Not limited to:

[0146] (Embodiment 3) After super-resolution processing or frame interpolation processing, various processes can be performed to display the image. Therefore, the contents described in the other embodiments may be applied to, combined with, or used in this embodiment. can be replaced etc.

[0147] In FIG. 7(A), super-resolution processing is performed using an image signal that has undergone frame interpolation processing, and the resolution is The process flow for performing edge enhancement processing after increasing the image quality is shown below. After that, various further processing can be performed, and then the image can be displayed. Therefore, the processing flow of FIG. 7A is the same as that of FIG. 1A, except that edge enhancement processing is further performed. This corresponds to the case.

[0148] In this way, by performing super-resolution processing before edge enhancement processing, the resolution can be accurately adjusted. The image before super-resolution processing has not undergone edge enhancement processing. Therefore, no unnecessary processing is performed. If edge enhancement processing is performed before super-resolution processing, If so, the image has been processed by edge enhancement. If an image that has undergone such processing is used, super-resolution processing may not be performed accurately. Image processing is a process of creating new high-resolution images, so it is necessary to accurately create high-resolution images. To create an image, an image without edge enhancement processing, that is, an image close to the original image, is required. It is desirable to perform super-resolution processing using the image in its original state. By performing super-resolution processing beforehand, it is possible to perform super-resolution processing accurately. The more accurate, higher-resolution image produced by super-resolution processing is used to enhance the edges. This allows for more accurate contouring of objects in the image. Therefore, to obtain a good quality image, To achieve this, it is important to perform super-resolution processing before edge enhancement processing. An example of the form is not limited to this.

[0149] Similarly, by performing frame interpolation before edge enhancement, accurate frame correction is possible. It is possible to create interpolated data using more accurate, higher resolution images. Since it is possible to perform edge enhancement processing, it is possible to obtain the edges of objects in the image more accurately. This allows you to obtain a clearer image.

[0150] It should be noted that the edge enhancement process is not limited to the above example, and other image processing may be used. Other image processing can be performed, such as smoothing and distortion correction. Correction, error processing, blemish correction, color correction, gamma correction, inverse gamma correction, etc., instead of edge emphasis processing. This can be done instead of, or in addition to, edge enhancement. For example, color correction can be done. By doing so, an image with an NTSC ratio of less than 100% can be converted to an image with an NTSC ratio of more than 100%. This makes it possible to display images with high color purity.

[0151] In addition, when multiple image processes such as edge enhancement are performed, they can be processed consecutively. However, the embodiment is not limited to this. For example, one image processing can be performed before a certain process A, and another image processing can be performed after a certain process B. It is also possible to perform this after process B.

[0152] The contents and drawings described in the first embodiment are for the case where other processing such as edge enhancement processing is performed. Similarly, the same can be applied to the case where a certain process is performed. The description or drawings can be similarly applied to cases where other processing is performed.

[0153] As an example, the processing flow for super-resolution processing with multiple processing systems is shown in Figure 7(B). The processing flow in FIG. 7B is the same as that in FIG. 1B when edge enhancement processing is performed. It should be noted that the same can be applied to other processing flows.

[0154] It should be noted that various other processes can be performed before and after each stage in the processing flow. Examples of other various processes include IP conversion process, enlargement process, and other processes. It is also possible to

[0155] Next, as a process performed after the super-resolution process, we performed overdrive correction, similar to the edge enhancement process. The processing flow for edge enhancement processing is shown in FIG. The contents or drawings described in this case also apply to the case of performing other processing such as overdrive processing. Similarly, the content or drawings described in relation to a particular process can be applied to The same can be applied to other processes.

[0156] Overdrive processing is a process for increasing the response speed of liquid crystal elements. Each pixel on the screen is supplied with a signal that matches the gradation you want to display. In the case of an element, the response speed is slow, so even if a signal that matches the grayscale is supplied, It is not possible to display the gradation in accordance with the actual gradation, and after several frames have elapsed, the gradation is finally Therefore, when supplying voltage to the liquid crystal element, the display will be in accordance with the original Instead of supplying a voltage that matches the amplitude, a voltage with a larger amplitude is supplied to the liquid crystal element. As a result, the transmittance of the liquid crystal element changes suddenly. The above operation can increase the response speed of the liquid crystal element. , a voltage with a larger amplitude value than the voltage that matches the original gradation, The process of temporarily supplying voltage to the liquid crystal element before supplying voltage is called overdrive. How much voltage should be supplied as a voltage with a larger amplitude than the voltage that matches the original gradation? The process of determining whether to supply the power is called overdrive processing.

[0157] In this way, by performing overdrive processing after super-resolution processing, the response The speed can be increased, the amount of overdrive can be adjusted to an appropriate level, and afterimages can be reduced. Or, super-resolution processing is a process that creates a new image. Therefore, the image changes as a result of this processing. Therefore, by performing overdrive processing after super-resolution processing, Overdrive processing can also be changed depending on the amount of change caused by super-resolution processing. Therefore, by performing overdrive processing after super-resolution processing, This allows the amount of overdrive to be set to an appropriate level, allowing each pixel to be displayed at its optimum gradation. Therefore, the response speed can be increased and the overdrive can be performed accurately. Furthermore, super-resolution processing allows high-resolution displays to be obtained without image retention. Therefore, in order to obtain a good quality image, overdrive processing is required. It is important to perform super-resolution processing before performing the above. However, this embodiment is not limited to this. Not determined.

[0158] Here, the overdrive amount is the amount of the change in the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element, etc., by the overdrive process. The amplitude of the voltage supplied to the amplifier increases, and this refers to the amount of voltage increase at that time.

[0159] Similarly, by performing overdrive processing after frame interpolation processing, The response speed can be increased, the amount of overdrive can be set to an appropriate value, and the remaining Or, the frame interpolation process can be used to display new frame data. Since this is a process that creates data, the process results in a changed image. As a result, the gradation of each pixel changes. Therefore, after frame interpolation processing, By performing overdrive processing, the amount of change caused by frame interpolation processing is reduced. Accordingly, the overdrive processing can be changed accordingly. After processing, overdrive processing is performed to adjust the overdrive amount appropriately. Since the size can be adjusted to an appropriate value, each pixel can be set to an optimum gradation. The response speed can be increased, and overdrive driving can be performed accurately. In addition, frame interpolation processing can be used to obtain a display with less afterimages. To obtain high-quality images, frame interpolation is performed before overdrive processing. However, the embodiment is not limited to this example.

[0160] Please note that overdrive processing may be performed in areas where there is movement on the screen. And in areas of the screen where there is no movement, there is no afterimage, so there is no over Drive processing is rarely performed. In other words, overdrive processing is performed within the screen. There are areas where overdrive processing is performed and areas where overdrive processing is not performed. These areas change from moment to moment. In this way, only a part of the screen is When performing overdrive processing, it is necessary to improve the processing speed, reduce power consumption, or improve the processing accuracy. There are advantages such as improvement.

[0161] On the other hand, super-resolution processing is not performed on the entire screen, but on only some areas. In this way, it is possible to perform super-resolution processing only in a part of the screen. When processing, it is necessary to improve the processing speed, reduce power consumption, improve processing accuracy, or reduce the problem of poor image quality. There are advantages such as reduction.

[0162] When processing is performed in a partial area of ​​the screen, overdrive processing is performed within the screen. There is a first area where super-resolution processing is performed, and a second area where super-resolution processing is performed. There may be a third area where no processing is performed. However, it is possible for a non-overlapping area to exist within the screen. It is possible for an area where the first area and the second area overlap to exist within the screen.

[0163] Therefore, the first area where overdrive processing is performed and the second area where super-resolution processing is performed are In such a situation, overdrive The first area where processing is performed is an area where there is movement, so in order to prevent afterimages from being visible, However, in such a moving area, if Even if the resolution is increased through super-resolution processing, it may be difficult for the eye to recognize the resolution. Therefore, in such moving areas, super-resolution processing may not be performed. As a result, in such cases, the first region where overdrive processing is performed and the second region where super-resolution processing is performed may have an area where they do not overlap. In such a case, the second region where the super-resolution processing is performed has fine It is desirable to be able to see every part clearly, and it is not good to use static images. When you view the image, you can see the fine details clearly. The first area where the overdrive processing is performed and the second area where the super-resolution processing is performed overlap. It can be said that there may be areas where this is not possible.

[0164] The first area where overdrive processing is performed and the second area where super-resolution processing is performed overlap. In this range, the response speed is fast, there is little image retention, and even the finer details are clearly displayed. This allows for the display of realistic images.

[0165] Until now, when edge enhancement or overdrive processing was performed after super-resolution processing, However, the processes performed after the super-resolution process are not limited to these. Similar to the case of overdrive processing, local Dimming (local brightness control of the backlight) processing is also possible. The processing flow is shown in FIG. 7(D). Therefore, the edge enhancement processing or the overdrive processing The contents or drawings described when performing the process are for local dimming (local brightness of the backlight). The same can be applied to local disks when performing control processing. The contents or drawings described when performing backlight local brightness control are The same can be applied to the case where processing is performed.

[0166] Here, local dimming (local brightness control of the backlight) refers to the process of controlling the brightness of each area on the screen. This is a technology that changes the brightness of the backlight to display images. Depending on the image, the brightness of the backlight will differ for each area within a single screen. For example, if there is an area on the screen that displays low gradations, the backlight brightness of that area can be reduced. Furthermore, if there is an area on the screen that displays high gradations, the backlight in that area will be Then, based on the backlight brightness, the transparency of each pixel is This allows the correct image to be displayed by determining the pass / fail ratio. In the display area, the brightness of the backlight itself is low, so the effect of light leakage can be reduced. Therefore, if you want to display black in such an area, it will be displayed as complete black. In addition, in areas of the screen where high gradation is displayed, the backlight The brightness of the LCD itself is high, so it can display a sufficiently bright image. In the white area, if you want to display white, you need to increase the brightness to a level higher than normal white, and the peak brightness should be Therefore, the contrast can be improved. , it is possible to display sharp images. Furthermore, local dimming The brightness of the backlight itself can also be reduced, making it possible to reduce power consumption. Therefore, to perform local dimming, the backlight of each area must be adjusted according to the image to be displayed. The process to determine the backlight brightness and the image to be displayed based on that backlight brightness. There is a process to determine the transmittance of each pixel so that the image can be displayed correctly. This process, or part of this process, is called local dimming. Therefore, in local dimming processing, the process of determining the backlight brightness for each area is After that, it is possible to carry out a process to determine the video signal to be supplied to each pixel. However, the embodiment is not limited to this. The process of determining the brightness of each pixel and the process of determining the video signal supplied to each pixel are recorded separately. The processing flow when the above is performed can also be expressed as shown in FIG. 7(E).

[0167] In this way, it is preferable to perform local dimming processing after performing super-resolution processing. When super-resolution processing is performed, the information is restored, and it appears as if new information has been added. Therefore, the number of gray levels for each pixel may be different before and after super-resolution processing. Before and after image processing, there will be areas on the screen where the number of pixel gradations changes. After the image information is restored by super-resolution processing, local dimming By performing local dimming processing, accurate local dimming processing can be performed. This improves contrast and allows for accurate image display. To obtain a good quality image, perform super-resolution processing before performing local dimming processing. It is also important to determine the brightness of the backlight in local dimming processing. It is important to perform super-resolution processing before performing processing to determine the local dimming. In the image processing, super-resolution processing is performed before the process of determining the video signal to be supplied to the pixel is performed. However, the embodiment is not limited to these examples.

[0168] Furthermore, when local dimming is in operation, the backlight brightness is reduced. Therefore, even if the transmittance of the pixel changes slightly, the actual display gradation does not change much. In other words, when the backlight brightness is low, the transmittance of the pixel can be changed. This makes it possible to express finer gradations. Therefore, local dimming processing and super-resolution processing can be performed. By performing both of these functions, high-resolution images can be displayed with high expressiveness, allowing even the finest details to be distinguished. In particular, it is possible to properly express gradation in dark gradation areas on the screen. This makes it possible to avoid displaying images with a loss of gradation.

[0169] In addition, local dimming processing is performed in areas of the screen where there are many displays with small gradations. In areas where there are many displays with a large number of gradations on the screen, In areas with high brightness and many bright displays, it is difficult to reduce the brightness of the backlight. Cardimming processing is rarely performed. In other words, local dimming is performed within the screen. There are areas where local dimming processing is performed and areas where local dimming processing is not performed. These areas change from moment to moment. When local dimming is performed only by the , and has advantages such as improved processing accuracy.

[0170] On the other hand, super-resolution processing is not performed on the entire screen, but on only some areas. In this way, it is possible to perform super-resolution processing only in a part of the screen. When processing, it is necessary to improve the processing speed, reduce power consumption, improve processing accuracy, or reduce the problem of poor image quality. There are advantages such as reduction.

[0171] When processing is performed in a partial area of ​​the screen, local dimming processing is performed within the screen. The image is divided into a first region where the backlight brightness is reduced and a second region where super-resolution processing is performed. Furthermore, both local dimming and super-resolution processing are performed. There may be a third area where local dimming is not performed. The first area is subjected to a reduction in backlight brightness, and the second area is subjected to super-resolution processing. However, it is possible for a non-overlapping area to exist within the screen. An area where the first area overlaps with the second area can exist within the screen.

[0172] A first region in which local dimming processing is performed to reduce the brightness of the backlight, and an ultra In the area where the second area is overlapped with the first area, high contrast and smooth gradation are achieved. The image is capable of expressing tones and allows you to see even the finer details clearly, creating a sense of realism. It is possible to display an image with

[0173] When local dimming is performed, the screen is divided into multiple areas, and each area has its own The backlight is arranged in each area. When the camera is turned on, super-resolution processing is performed on a part of the screen, and the part of the image with improved resolution is displayed. When compared to the pixel length (or width), or pitch, of the display device, the It is preferable that the length (or width) of the region or the pitch of the region is longer. Therefore, when performing local dimming, not only the backlight brightness of each area is adjusted, but also the pixel Therefore, when displaying an image that has undergone super-resolution processing, Even if the backlight area has a large pitch, the length (or width) of the area or the pitch of the area may be Even if the pitch of each pixel is short, a sufficiently clear and high-resolution display can be achieved.

[0174] It is desirable to divide the area for controlling the brightness of the backlight into multiple areas within the screen. It is preferable, but the embodiment is not limited to this. It is also possible to control the brightness of the entire screen.

[0175] Similarly, it is preferable to perform local dimming processing after performing frame interpolation processing. Frame interpolation is a process that creates new frame data. This creates a changed image, and the gradation of each pixel changes accordingly. Or, if there is an area on the screen where the number of pixel gradations changes before and after frame interpolation processing, Therefore, new frame data is created by the frame interpolation process. After the local dimming process is completed, the local dimming process is performed. This allows for improved contrast and accurate image display. Therefore, to obtain a good quality image, local dimming processing is required. It is important to perform frame interpolation before performing local dimming. In the above, frame interpolation processing is performed before the processing for determining the brightness of the backlight is performed. Or, in local dimming processing, the video signal supplied to the pixel It is important to perform frame interpolation before determining the frame size. Examples of the mode are not limited to these.

[0176] In FIG. 7, super-resolution processing, frame interpolation processing, and other processing, such as edge enhancement processing, overlay processing, etc. When performing light drive processing and local dimming (local brightness control of the backlight) processing However, the embodiment is not limited to these, and other embodiments may be used. Contour emphasis processing, overdrive processing, local dimming (local brightness control of backlight) ) processing, etc. can be performed. The drawings can also be similarly applied to cases where other processing is performed.

[0177] For example, in addition to the super-resolution processing, frame interpolation processing, and edge enhancement processing, The processing flow in this case is shown in Fig. 8(A) and Fig. 8(B). This corresponds to the case where a different process is performed on the content described in the above. Examples include, but are not limited to:

[0178] In FIG. 8(A), frame interpolation processing is performed using an image signal obtained from an image source. After the frame frequency is increased, super-resolution processing is performed, and after the resolution is increased, edge enhancement processing is performed. The processing flow for performing the overdrive process after the above is shown in FIG. The processing flow of (A) also corresponds to the case where edge enhancement processing is performed on the image of FIG. 7(C). The processing flow in FIG. 8(A) is different from that in FIG. 1(A) in that it includes edge enhancement processing and overdrive processing. This also applies to the case where processing has been performed.

[0179] After overdrive processing, various other processes are performed, and then the image It is possible to display.

[0180] As in Figures 1(B), 1(C), 5(B), 5(C), and 7(B), multiple It is possible to perform super-resolution processing using a processing system such as the one shown in FIG. 9(A) and and FIG. 9(B).

[0181] As shown in Fig. 8(A), Fig. 9(A), or Fig. 9(B), before edge enhancement processing, By performing resolution processing, it is possible to accurately improve the resolution. The image before the process has not undergone edge enhancement, so no unnecessary processing has been done. This allows for accurate super-resolution processing.

[0182] Similarly, in order to perform frame interpolation before edge enhancement, accurate frame interpolation is required. This allows for more accurate and higher resolution images to be used to create contours. Because enhancement processing can be performed, the contours of objects in the image can be obtained more accurately. This allows you to get a clearer image.

[0183] Or, after performing super-resolution processing, edge enhancement processing, and frame interpolation processing, By performing drive processing, the response speed can be increased and the amount of overdrive can be The image can be adjusted to an appropriate size, resulting in a display with less afterimages. Frame interpolation processing increases the frame frequency, so overdrive It is also possible to change the processing. As the image changes due to the frame interpolation process, the gradation of each pixel changes. It is possible to change the overdrive processing according to the amount of change. After super-resolution processing, edge enhancement processing, and frame interpolation processing, overdrive By performing this processing, the amount of overdrive can be adjusted to an appropriate level. Each pixel can be set to the optimum gradation, which allows for faster response and more accurate Furthermore, super-resolution processing allows for high-resolution images. The display can be obtained without afterimages. In addition, the edge enhancement processing makes the edge clear. It is possible to display an image. Alternatively, afterimages can be reduced by frame interpolation processing. Therefore, in order to get a good quality image, Before performing overdrive processing, super-resolution processing, edge enhancement processing, and frame interpolation processing are performed. However, the embodiment is not limited to this example.

[0184] In FIG. 8(B), frame interpolation processing is performed using an image signal obtained from an image source. After the frame frequency is increased, super-resolution processing is performed, and after the resolution is increased, edge enhancement processing is performed. The processing flow for performing local dimming processing after the image is captured is shown in FIG. The processing flow of FIG. 8(B) corresponds to the case where edge enhancement processing is performed on FIG. 7(D). .

[0185] After the local dimming process, various other processes are performed, and then the image can be displayed.

[0186] In this way, by performing super-resolution processing before edge enhancement processing, the resolution can be accurately adjusted. The image before super-resolution processing has not undergone edge enhancement processing. Therefore, no unnecessary processing is performed, which allows for accurate super-resolution processing.

[0187] Similarly, in order to perform frame interpolation before edge enhancement, accurate frame interpolation is required. This allows for more accurate and higher resolution images to be used to create contours. Because enhancement processing can be performed, the contours can be obtained more accurately, so You can get a clear image.

[0188] Or, after super-resolution processing, edge enhancement processing, and frame interpolation processing, local It is preferable to perform dimming processing. When super-resolution processing is performed, new information is restored. Therefore, the number of gradations for each pixel is the same as before the super-resolution processing. Or, the number of pixel gradations changes before and after super-resolution processing. Similarly, the contours of objects in the image are enhanced by edge enhancement. Therefore, the area where the number of pixel gradations changes is Similarly, new frames are created by the frame interpolation process. Therefore, if there is an area on the screen where the number of pixel gradations changes, Therefore, new frames are created by the frame interpolation process, and the superimposed Resolution processing restores image information, and edge enhancement processing restores image information. After the local dimming process is completed, the local dimming process is performed to accurately This allows for improved contrast and accurate image quality. Therefore, to get a good quality image, local dimming is required. Before performing the filtering process, super-resolution processing, edge enhancement processing, and frame interpolation processing can be performed. It is also important to determine the brightness of the backlight in local dimming processing. Before processing, it is important to perform super-resolution processing, edge enhancement processing, and frame interpolation processing. Or, in local dimming processing, it determines the video signal to be supplied to the pixel. Before performing the processing, super-resolution processing, edge enhancement processing, and frame interpolation processing are performed. However, the embodiment is not limited to these.

[0189] In FIG. 8(C), frame interpolation is performed using the image signal obtained from the image source, and super-resolution processing is performed. After increasing the resolution, local dimming is performed, and then overdrive is applied. The process flow in FIG. 8(C) is the same as that in FIG. 8. This corresponds to the case where local dimming processing is performed on (A). The processing flow of () corresponds to the case where overdrive processing is performed on Fig. 8(B). Alternatively, the processing flow of FIG. 8(C) is different from that of FIG. 1(A) in that it includes overdrive processing and This also corresponds to the case where local dimming processing is performed. This also corresponds to the case where local dimming processing is performed on the image shown in FIG. 7(C). The processing flow of FIG. 8(C) is the same as that of FIG. 7(D) when local dimming processing is performed. It also corresponds to the combination.

[0190] In this way, after the super-resolution processing and frame interpolation processing, local dimming processing is performed. When super-resolution processing is performed, new information is added by restoring the information. Therefore, the number of gradations for each pixel is different before and after super-resolution processing. Or, there may be areas on the screen where the number of pixel gradations changes before and after super-resolution processing. Similarly, new frames are created through frame interpolation, A new image is created. Therefore, there are areas on the screen where the number of pixel gradations changes. Therefore, new frames are created by the frame interpolation process, and the super-resolution After the image information has been restored by image processing, local dimming processing is performed. This allows accurate local dimming processing, resulting in improved contrast. Therefore, it is possible to improve the image quality and display accurate images. To obtain the image, super-resolution processing and frame compensation are performed before local dimming processing. It is important to perform local dimming processing. It is important to perform super-resolution processing and frame interpolation before performing the processing that determines the brightness of the image. Or, in local dimming processing, it determines the video signal to be supplied to the pixel. It is important to perform super-resolution processing and frame interpolation processing before performing the processing described above. However, the embodiment is not limited to these.

[0191] Or, after frame interpolation, super-resolution and local dimming processing, By performing overdrive processing, the response speed can be increased, and The amount of light can be adjusted to an appropriate level, resulting in a display with less afterimages. , frame interpolation, super-resolution processing and local dimming processing to improve image and background As the brightness of the light changes, the gradation of each pixel changes, so Therefore, the overdrive processing can be changed depending on the frame interpolation processing. After the image processing, super resolution processing and local dimming processing, overdrive processing is performed. By doing so, the amount of overdrive can be set to an appropriate value, so each pixel Therefore, the response speed can be increased and the overlay can be accurately adjusted. Furthermore, super-resolution processing allows for high-resolution display. Local dimming processing allows for high contrast images. It is possible to display a clear image. Also, afterimages can be reduced by frame interpolation processing. Therefore, in order to get a good quality image, Before overdrive processing, frame interpolation processing, super-resolution processing and local distortion However, the embodiment is not limited to this. .

[0192] In this way, when both local dimming and overdrive processing are performed, the As shown in (D), after local dimming processing, overdrive processing is performed. However, the embodiment is not limited to this. Before and after each step in the flow, various other processes can be performed. Examples of various processes include super-resolution processing, edge enhancement processing, frame interpolation processing, and overdrive processing. There are also other processes such as image processing, local dimming processing, IP conversion processing, and enlargement processing. It is also possible to

[0193] Therefore, when overdrive processing is performed in FIG. 8(B), or when ), when local dimming processing is performed, the processing flow shown in FIG. However, the embodiment is not limited to this.

[0194] (Fourth embodiment) Next, a case where a part of the processing flow is modified will be described. The contents described above can be applied to, combined with, or substituted for this embodiment. .

[0195] Figure 10 shows some of Figures 7(E), 7(D), 8(B), 8(C), and 8(E). Here is an example of a deformed image. First, super-resolution processing is performed. Then, at the same time, Using image data that has not been subjected to local dimming, Then, the super-resolution processing is performed to control the brightness. Although the image quality is low, the local data is generated using the determined backlight brightness data for each area. This involves processing to determine the video signal to be supplied to each pixel in the timing process.

[0196] When super-resolution processing is performed, the image may not change significantly. The pitch of the light arrangement is much larger than the pixel pitch. Using the data before processing, the backlight of each area in local dimming processing is There is no practical problem even if a process for determining the luminance of the pixel is performed.

[0197] By performing this processing, the buffer in the super-resolution processing and local dimming processing is reduced. Since the brightness control process for the LCD monitor can be performed simultaneously, the overall processing time can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to display images that require real-time performance, such as games. Even in this case, the image can be displayed without delay.

[0198] For example, a multi-core CPU with multiple CPU cores is used, and processing is performed on each CPU core. By distributing the processing, it is possible to perform super-resolution processing and local dimming processing simultaneously. In this way, by using a multi-core CPU, high speed is possible with fewer components. Such a multi-core CPU can process data in a single chip. It can be constructed with semiconductor devices (or transistors). This allows the device to operate with low power consumption and also reduces heat generation during operation.

[0199] In FIG. 10A, the edge enhancement process, the overdrive process, and the frame interpolation process It is also possible to perform additional processing such as the following. is shown in Fig. 10(B). Fig. 10(B) shows the image after the super-resolution processing and the edge enhancement processing. However, the exemplary embodiment is not limited to the above.

[0200] Or, Fig. 11 shows a partial transformation of Fig. 7(D), Fig. 8(B), Fig. 8(C), Fig. 8(E), etc. Here is another example of the case where frame interpolation is performed. Using data from before the frame frequency increased, the backlight in local dimming processing Then, frame interpolation is performed, and the frame frequency is high. The resulting data is then used for super-resolution processing. Although the accuracy is low, the local display is calculated using the determined backlight brightness data for each area. This involves processing to determine the video signal to be supplied to each pixel in the matching process.

[0201] The control of backlight brightness in local dimming processing is performed using the super-resolution processing. It is also possible to carry out the above simultaneously.

[0202] For example, a multi-core CPU with multiple CPU cores is used, and processing is performed on each CPU core. By distributing the processing, frame interpolation processing, super-resolution processing, and local dimming processing can be performed simultaneously. In this way, by using a multi-core CPU, It is possible to perform high-speed processing with a small number of components. , can be configured to include a semiconductor device (or transistor) having SOI. By using SOI, it is possible to operate with low power consumption and reduce heat generation during operation. It is possible to do this.

[0203] When frame interpolation is performed, the image may not change significantly. The pitch of the backlight arrangement is much larger than the pixel pitch. Using the data before frame interpolation processing, the balance of each area in local dimming processing is There is no practical problem even if a process for determining the brightness of the backlight is performed.

[0204] By performing this processing, frame interpolation processing and local dimming processing can be performed. This allows the processing of the backlight brightness control to be performed simultaneously, thereby shortening the overall processing time. Therefore, it is possible to display images that require real-time performance, such as games. Even if you do, it can be displayed without delay.

[0205] In addition, in FIG. 11(A), edge enhancement processing, overdrive processing, etc. may also be performed. As an example, FIG. 11B shows a case where edge enhancement processing is also performed. However, the embodiment is not limited to these.

[0206] In FIG. 11(A), it is possible to perform super-resolution processing using multiple processing systems. An example of this case is shown in Figures 12(A) and 12(B). The processing flow of Figure 12(A) corresponds to the case where the processing flow of FIG. 1(B) is applied, and the processing flow of FIG. 12(B) corresponds to the case where the processing flow of FIG. This corresponds to the case where the processing flow of FIG. 5(B) is applied. It is possible to apply the content that has been applied, and it is also possible to apply other content in the same way. come.

[0207] (Embodiment 5) In this embodiment, an example of a lighting device will be described. However, the embodiment can be used as a light source, an indoor light, etc. , but is not limited to this.

[0208] FIG. 13 shows a backlight or lighting device using a point light source. As shown in (A), a plurality of point light sources 1002 are arranged in the device 1001. By arranging the point light sources 1002 in a uniform plane, it is possible to form a uniform surface light source. The device 1001 can be used as a backlight for a liquid crystal display device or as a part thereof. It is Noh.

[0209] The threshold 1003 is arranged to extend in the horizontal direction. , and are arranged extending in the vertical direction. By arranging the light source in this way, the surface light source can be divided into multiple regions. The vertical direction is divided into three regions, and the horizontal direction is divided into nine regions. The threshold reduces light leakage to other areas. By controlling the brightness of 02, local dimming (local brightness control of the backlight, LOCAL DIMMING can be realized. In particular, by placing a threshold, This reduces light leakage into other areas, allowing for precise control of brightness for each area. Therefore, it becomes easy to derive the transmittance of the liquid crystal element of each pixel. However, in one embodiment, This is not limited to this.

[0210] Alternatively, some of the light sources can be turned off and moved around the screen. In other words, it is possible to partially turn off the point light sources in the screen and scan the areas that are turned off. For example, it is possible to scan from top to bottom. By performing this type of backlight scanning, image retention can be reduced and video characteristics improved. It is possible to do this.

[0211] In addition, thresholds such as threshold 1003 are also arranged horizontally. Alternatively, thresholds such as threshold 1004 can be used. It is also possible to arrange only those that are arranged to extend in the vertical direction, as shown in the figure. It is also possible not to provide a threshold at all.

[0212] The surface of the threshold 1003 or 1004 is mirror-finished or white. However, the embodiment is not limited to this. In the case of a mirror surface, Because it can reflect light, it can be used effectively. In the case of white, the light can be diffused. Since the boundaries between the regions become less visible, visibility can be improved.

[0213] The transmittance of threshold 1003 or threshold 1004 should be 50% or less, or even 30% or less. Alternatively, the transmittance of the threshold 1003 or the threshold 1004 is preferably 1 % or more, and more preferably 5% or more. However, in one embodiment, The low transmittance reduces light leakage and allows precise control of brightness for each area. However, if the light is not completely transmitted, the boundary of the area will be visible. Therefore, by allowing a small amount of light to pass through, the area The boundary between the two becomes less visible, and visibility can be improved.

[0214] In addition, Threshold 1003 or Threshold 1004 is made of acrylic, plastic, polycarbonate, etc. It is possible to use organic materials such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET). An example is not limited to this.

[0215] It is also possible to provide a spacer 1005. However, in this embodiment, The spacer 1005 may be omitted. A sheet placed on the light source 1002, the threshold 1003, or the threshold 1004, etc. It has a function to prevent bending.

[0216] When providing spacers 1005, it is recommended not to provide too many, but to provide a small number. Therefore, for example, in FIG. 13(A), there are three regions in the vertical direction and one region in the horizontal direction. It is divided into 9 regions, and has a total of 27 regions, but spacers 1005 are provided. It is possible to create areas where the spacers 1005 are provided and areas where the spacers 1005 are not provided. Alternatively, the number of spacers 1005 can be set to be less than the number of regions. As described above, by not providing the spacers 1005 in all areas, manufacturing can be facilitated. and / or costs can be reduced.

[0217] The spacer 1005 is preferably transparent, black, or white. By using black or white, the brightness unevenness can be reduced depending on whether or not the spacer 1005 is present. However, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of color shifts and color variations. An example is not limited to this.

[0218] The spacer 1005 can be made of acrylic, plastic, polycarbonate, PET, etc. It is possible to configure the insulating film by using an organic material. However, the present embodiment is not limited to this. It will not be done.

[0219] The point light source 1002 may be, for example, a light emitting diode for three colors or a laser for three colors. Each light-emitting diode or laser emits red, blue, and green light. For example, by using three color LEDs, it is possible to make it white. Therefore, if it is possible to make it white, the colors can be red, blue, green, etc. For example, CMYK such as cyan, magenta, and yellow may be used as point light sources. It is also possible that

[0220] In this way, if the brightness can be controlled for each color, more precise local dimming can be performed. This makes it possible to reduce power consumption or improve contrast. This becomes:

[0221] It is preferable that the number of light-emitting diodes for each color is the same. Examples of the above are not limited to the above. It is also possible to increase the number of light-emitting diodes for only a certain color. For example, if the number of green LEDs is 1 / 2 the number of red or blue LEDs, In this way, the number of LEDs can be made different for each color. This makes it easy to adjust the chromaticity. It is also possible to reduce differences between colors.

[0222] It should be noted that the light emitting diodes are not limited to three colors. For example, it is possible to use a light emitting diode having a color close to a certain color. By using light-emitting diodes, the chromaticity can be widened. For example, red, blue, In addition to green, it is also possible to add a color close to green, making it a four-color configuration.

[0223] In addition to red, blue, and green light emitting diodes, white light emitting diodes can also be used. By using white LEDs, the life of the LEDs can be extended. Alternatively, by using a white light-emitting diode, color changes due to temperature can be reduced. It becomes possible to do this.

[0224] Note that only white light-emitting diodes are used, and red, blue, green, and other light-emitting diodes are not used. It is possible to use only white to prevent colors from mixing. Or, by using only white, color deviation due to deterioration can be prevented. It is possible to reduce the

[0225] The horizontal pitch 1007 of the point light sources 1002 is 1 / 1000 the vertical pitch of the point light sources 1002. It is preferable that the number is shorter than 006. However, the embodiment is not limited to these. do not have.

[0226] It is preferable that the number of regions in the horizontal direction is greater than the number of regions in the vertical direction. For example, in FIG. 13(A), the number of vertical regions is 3, and the number of horizontal regions is It is 9.

[0227] Note that the number of areas in one screen may be less than the number of LEDs of a certain color. In other words, it is preferable to have multiple point light sources for one color in one area. It is desirable to select a certain color for a point light source arranged in one area. Preferably, the luminance of the plurality of point light sources is controlled to be the same at the same time. In other words, it is preferable to control the brightness for each color in one area. ,In one area, if there are three red LEDs, three LEDs When increasing the brightness, increase the brightness of all three, and when decreasing the brightness, decrease the brightness of all three. However, the characteristics of light-emitting diodes and the like vary. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve the same brightness. For example, it is desirable to have a variation of about 30% and have the same brightness. It is desirable to have them emit light with the same brightness. In this way, multiple point light sources are placed in one area. By doing so, it is possible to reduce unevenness in brightness. However, the embodiment is not limited to these.

[0228] FIG. 13(B) shows an example of a part of the cross section of FIG. 13(A). A diffusion plate 1011 is provided. The diffusion plate 1011 reduces uneven brightness. The plate 1011 is supported by a spacer 1005 so that it does not sag even at the center of the screen. It is being done.

[0229] A display panel 1012 is disposed on the diffusion plate 1011. The display panel may be, for example, , pixels, driving circuits, liquid crystal elements, glass substrates, thin film transistors, polarizers, retardation films, color The display panel 1012 and the backlight 1013 have a filter and / or a prism sheet. By operating in conjunction with the light, it is possible to realize an appropriate display.

[0230] The diffusion plate 1011 has the function of diffusing light while transmitting the light. Therefore, it is preferable that the transmittance is high while the light diffusing function is maintained. The transmittance of the plate 1011 is preferably higher than the transmittance of the threshold 1003. The high transmittance of the diffuser 1011 allows the light reflected by the threshold 1003 to pass through the diffuser 1011. Therefore, while reducing the leakage of light into other areas, This allows for more light to be emitted onto the screen, making it possible to precisely control the brightness of each area. This allows for proper local dimming. Examples of the above are not limited to the above.

[0231] The height 1014 of the threshold 1003 is higher than the height 1013 of the point light source 1002. In order to make it difficult for the light emitted from the point light source 1002 to leak to another area, It is desirable that the height 1014 of the threshold 1003 is higher. , but not limited to these.

[0232] The distance 1015 between the threshold 1003 and the diffusion plate 1011 is equal to the height 10 of the threshold 1003. If the interval 1015 is too long, too much light will leak. Therefore, it is preferable that the spacing 1015 is shorter than the height 1014 of the threshold 1003 . However, the embodiment is not limited to these.

[0233] The distance 1015 between the threshold 1003 and the diffuser 1011 is 100 mm. If the interval 1015 is too small, the boundaries of the regions may become too distinct. If the screen is too smooth, the borders may be visible on the screen. To prevent the boundary of the area from being visible on the surface, the length must be such that some light can leak through. Therefore, the threshold 1003 is made longer than the height 1013 of the point light source 1002. This allows an appropriate amount of light to leak out. Not limited to:

[0234] The height 1014 of the threshold 1003 and the height of the threshold 1004 are approximately equal. "Approximately equal" means that there are some differences, including manufacturing errors and variations. This refers to cases where the difference is equal, assuming that there may be cases where the difference is within about 10%. By making the heights of the thresholds approximately equal, Since the amount of light leakage is uniform, it is possible to reduce uneven brightness. Examples of the mode are not limited to these.

[0235] In FIG. 13, a point light source is arranged in each region, but this is not limited to this. It is also possible to place a small surface light source in each area. An example of a light source placement is shown below. When using a surface light source, the same procedure as when using a point light source is used. Therefore, it is possible to configure the contents (or a part thereof) described in FIG. 14.

[0236] In FIG. 14(A), a surface light source 1102 is arranged in each region. This can be achieved using a variety of configurations.

[0237] In FIG. 14(A), the threshold 1003 and the threshold 1004 are not provided. However, the embodiment is not limited to this. It is also possible to arrange only those that are arranged extending in the direction. It is also possible to place only those elements that are stretched vertically, such as 04. Alternatively, both thresholds may be provided.

[0238] It is also possible to provide a spacer 1005. However, in this embodiment, The spacer 1005 may not be provided. It has a function to prevent the sheet placed on the light source 1102 from bending. However, in the case of a surface light source, the area in which a cavity is formed within the region is small, so the spacer 100 It is possible to not set 5.

[0239] The horizontal pitch of the surface light source 1102 is shorter than the vertical pitch of the surface light source 1102. However, the embodiment is not limited to these.

[0240] It is preferable that the height of the threshold is higher than the height of the surface light source 1102. Surface Light Source In order to prevent the light emitted from 1102 from leaking to another area, the height of the threshold must be higher. However, the embodiment is not limited to these.

[0241] Furthermore, when a diffusion plate is provided on the surface light source 1102, the distance between the threshold and the diffusion plate is It is preferable that the interval is longer than the height of 102. If the interval is too small, the boundary between the regions will be too clear. If the screen is too smooth, the borders may be visible on the screen. To prevent the boundary of the area from being visible on the surface, the length must be such that some light can leak through. Therefore, by making the threshold longer than the height of the surface light source 1102, it is possible to obtain an appropriate amount of light. However, the embodiment is not limited to this. .

[0242] Next, as an example of the surface light source 1102, a light guide plate and a linear light source (or a group of point light sources) are used. A cross-sectional view of a small surface light source is shown in FIG. 14(B). The cross section of a surface light source is shown in Fig. 11. Light is incident from a line light source 1103 to a light guide plate 1104. Inside the plate 1104, the light is repeatedly reflected and propagated. The bottom surface 1105 of the light guide plate 1104 is processed. This results in a surface light source.

[0243] Regarding the processing of the bottom surface 1105, for example, when unevenness is formed in a prism shape, Or, in the case of printed ink, etc. These density or shape etc. can be controlled. By doing so, a uniform surface light source can be realized.

[0244] In addition, when a surface light source as shown in FIG. 14(A) is used, a diffusion plate 101 is provided on the surface light source. 1 can be provided. This makes it possible to reduce uneven brightness. However, when the surface light source 1102 is used, unlike the case of a point light source, the area is already to some extent Since the brightness is uniformed by the diffuser 1011, it is possible to eliminate the need for the diffuser 1011.

[0245] Another example of the surface light source 1102 is a flat fluorescent tube (flat cathode tube). .

[0246] Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 14(C), the fluorescent tube (cathode tube) 1106 is bent and arranged within the area, and the flat It is also possible to create a surface light source by making it similar to a surface fluorescent tube (flat cathode tube). In this case, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 14(D), the area around the fluorescent tube (cathode tube) 1106, especially the upper It is also possible to place a diffusion plate 1107 to approximate a uniform surface light source. However, the embodiment is not limited to these.

[0247] (Embodiment 6) Next, another example of the configuration of the display device and a method of driving the same will be described. In this case, a display device using a display element with a slow response time (long response time) in brightness to signal writing is used. In this embodiment, a liquid crystal display (LCD) is used as a display element with a long response time. However, the display element in this embodiment is not limited to this, and may be any suitable element. Various display elements can be used that have a slow response of brightness to interference.

[0248] In the case of a general liquid crystal display device, the response of brightness to signal writing is slow, and the signal current is not applied to the liquid crystal element. Even if pressure is applied continuously, it may take more than one frame period for the response to complete. Even if a moving image is displayed on such a display device, it is not possible to faithfully reproduce the moving image. Furthermore, in the case of active matrix driving, the time required to write a signal to one liquid crystal element is Usually, the signal writing period (one frame period or one sub-frame period) is divided by the number of scanning lines. The time it takes to select a scan line is only a short time (one scan line selection period), and the liquid crystal element cannot respond within this short time. Therefore, most of the response of the liquid crystal element occurs during the period when no signal is written. Here, the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal element changes according to the transmittance of the liquid crystal element. However, the fact that the liquid crystal element responds during the period when no signal is written means that the liquid crystal element The dielectric constant of the liquid crystal element changes when there is no charge exchange with the outside (constant charge state). In other words, in the equation (charge) = (capacity) · (voltage), when the charge is constant, The capacitance changes depending on the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element. Therefore, the voltage at the time of signal writing changes. When a liquid crystal element with slow brightness response is driven by an active matrix, In principle, the voltage cannot reach the voltage at the time of signal writing.

[0249] The display device of this embodiment is configured to make the display element respond to a desired luminance within a signal writing period. In order to achieve this, the signal level at the time of signal writing is corrected in advance (correction signal). Furthermore, the response time of the liquid crystal element is increased as the signal level increases. The larger the value, the shorter the response time of the liquid crystal element. This type of driving method that adds a correction signal is also called overdrive. In the overdrive of this embodiment, the signal writing period is input to the display device. Even if the signal writing period is shorter than the period of the image signal (input image signal period Tin), By correcting the signal level according to the period, the display element can be displayed at the desired brightness within the signal writing period. If the signal writing period is shorter than the input image signal period Tin, For example, the case where one original image is divided into multiple sub-images and the multiple sub-images are combined into one frame is called the case where one original image is divided into multiple sub-images and the multiple sub-images are combined into one frame. For example, the images may be displayed sequentially within a certain period.

[0250] Next, a method for correcting a signal level when writing a signal in an active matrix drive display device is described. An example of this method will be described with reference to Figures 15(A) and (B). The horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents the signal level at the time of signal writing. 15(B) is a graph showing a schematic representation of the change in luminance of the signal level over time when the image is being input. The horizontal axis is time and the vertical axis is display level, and the change in display level over time for one display element. In addition, when the display element is a liquid crystal element, the signal The signal level can be expressed as the voltage, and the display level can be expressed as the transmittance of the liquid crystal element. The vertical axis of FIG. 15(A) represents voltage, and the vertical axis of FIG. 15(B) represents transmittance. In the embodiment, the overdrive is performed when the signal level is other than the voltage (duty ratio, current, etc.) ) is also included. In the present embodiment, the overdrive is This also includes cases other than transmittance (brightness, current, etc.). Normally black type (e.g. VA mode, IPS mode, etc.) which displays black, and There are normally white types (e.g. TN mode, OCB mode, etc.) that sometimes display white. However, the graph shown in Figure 15(B) corresponds to both, and in the case of a normally black type The transmittance increases as you move up the graph. The transmittance may be increased toward the bottom of the film. The liquid crystal mode may be a normally black type or a normally white type. The timing of signal writing is indicated by a dotted line on the time axis. The period until the next signal writing is performed is called a retention period Fi. In this figure, i is an integer and is an index representing each retention period. In 15(A) and (B), i is shown as 0 to 2, but i is not limited to this. Other integers can also be used (values ​​other than 0 to 2 are not shown). The transmittance that realizes the brightness corresponding to the image signal is defined as Ti, and the transmittance Ti The voltage that gives this is Vi. The dashed line 5101 in FIG. 15(A) indicates the overdrive The solid line 5102 represents the time change of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element when the This shows the time change in voltage applied to the liquid crystal element when overdriving in this mode. Similarly, the dashed line 5103 in FIG. 15(B) represents the liquid crystal display when no overdrive is performed. The solid line 5104 represents the time change in the transmittance of the element, and the solid line 5104 represents the time change in the transmittance of the element. This shows the time change in the transmittance of the liquid crystal element when the hold period Fi is performed. The difference between the desired transmittance Ti and the actual transmittance is expressed as an error αi.

[0251] In the graph shown in FIG. 15(A), the dashed line 5101 and the solid line 510 2, the desired voltage V0 is applied, and in the graph shown in FIG. 15(B), the dashed line It is assumed that the desired transmittance T0 is obtained for both 5103 and solid line 5104. If no overdrive is performed, as shown by the dashed line 5101, The desired voltage V1 is applied to the liquid crystal element, but as already mentioned, during the period when the signal is written is extremely short compared to the retention period, and most of the retention period is in a constant charge state, During the hold period, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element changes along with the change in transmittance. At the end of F1, the voltage becomes significantly different from the desired voltage V1. The dashed line 5103 in the graph shown in FIG. 15(B) also differs greatly from the desired transmittance T1. As a result, it is not possible to display the image faithfully to the image signal, and the image quality deteriorates. On the other hand, when the overdrive of this embodiment is performed, the solid line 510 As shown in FIG. 2, at the beginning of the hold period F1, a voltage V1' that is larger than the desired voltage V1 is applied. In other words, the voltage is gradually applied to the liquid crystal element during the hold period F1. In anticipation of this change in voltage, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element at the end of the hold period F1 is At the beginning of the hold period F1, the desired voltage V1 is set to a value close to the desired voltage V1. By applying the corrected voltage V1' to the liquid crystal element, the desired voltage V1 can be accurately applied to the liquid crystal element. In this case, the solid line 5104 in the graph shown in FIG. As shown in Fig. 1, the desired transmittance T1 is obtained at the end of the holding period F1. Although the charge state is constant for most of the duration, Next, during the hold period F2, the desired voltage V2 is set higher than V1. In this case, as in the case of the retention period F1, At the end of the hold period F2, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element is gradually changed. At the beginning of the hold period F2, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element is set to a voltage close to the desired voltage V2. In this case, a voltage F2' corrected from the desired voltage V2 is applied to the liquid crystal element. As shown by the solid line 5104 in the graph of FIG. 15(B), at the end of the holding period F2, The desired transmittance T2 is obtained at the end of the hold period F1. If the voltage is larger than the desired voltage Vi, the corrected voltage Vi' will be larger than the desired voltage Vi. Furthermore, as in the case of the holding period F2, when Vi is compared with Vi-1, If the voltage Vi' is smaller than the desired voltage Vi, the corrected voltage Vi' is corrected to be smaller than the desired voltage Vi. It is preferable that the specific correction value is determined by calculating the response characteristics of the liquid crystal element in advance. It can be derived by measuring the and incorporate the correction values ​​into the logic circuit. , a method of reading out correction values ​​as needed, etc. can be used.

[0252] When the overdrive in this embodiment is actually realized as a device, There are various constraints. For example, voltage correction must be performed within the rated voltage range of the source driver. That is, the desired voltage must be large enough to be an ideal correction voltage. If the voltage exceeds the rated voltage of the source driver, the voltage cannot be fully corrected. The problems that arise in such cases will be explained with reference to Figures 15(C) and (D). C) is the same as in Figure 15(A), with the horizontal axis being time and the vertical axis being voltage, and 15(D) is a graph showing the time change of the voltage in the 15(B), the horizontal axis is time and the vertical axis is transmittance. This is a graph in which the time change in transmittance is schematically shown as a solid line 5106. The notation method is the same as in Figures 15(A) and (B), so the explanation will be omitted. (C) and (D) are correction voltages for achieving a desired transmittance T1 during the hold period F1. Since the voltage V1' exceeds the rated voltage of the source driver, V1' must be set to V1. This indicates that the correction is insufficient. The transmittance obtained will be a value that differs from the desired transmittance T1 by an error α1. The error α1 is large only when the desired voltage is originally large. However, the image quality degradation caused by the error α1 is often within the acceptable range. As the voltage becomes larger, the error in the voltage correction algorithm also becomes larger. In the voltage correction algorithm, it is assumed that the desired transmittance is obtained at the end of the hold period. When the error α1 is set, the error α1 is actually large, but the error α1 is small. Since the voltage is corrected as As a result, the error α2 also becomes larger. Furthermore, if the error α2 becomes larger, The next error, α3, becomes even larger, and so on, causing the error to grow in a chain reaction. As a result, the image quality deteriorates significantly. In drives, in order to prevent errors from increasing in a chain reaction like this, , when the correction voltage Vi' exceeds the rated voltage of the source driver during the hold period Fi, Estimate the error αi at the end of the period Fi, and consider the magnitude of the error αi to determine the holding period. The correction voltage at Fi+1 can be adjusted. This will reduce the error αi. Even if the error is In the overdrive of this embodiment, An example of minimizing the error α2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 15(E) and 15(F). The graph shown in FIG. 15(E) is a further example of the correction voltage V2' in the graph shown in FIG. 15(C). The time change of the voltage when the correction voltage is V2'' is shown as a solid line 5107. The graph shown in FIG. 15(F) shows the voltage after correction by the graph shown in FIG. 15(E). The solid line 51 in the graph shown in FIG. In 06, over-correction occurs due to the correction voltage V2', but the graph shown in Figure 15(F) The solid line 5108 in Fig. 5 shows the result of the correction voltage V2' adjusted to take into account the error α1. Overcorrection is suppressed and the error α2 is minimized. This can be derived by measuring the response characteristics of the liquid crystal element. The methods include formulating a correction formula and incorporating it into a logic circuit, and using a look-up table to calculate the correction value. The correction values ​​can be read out as needed, for example. These methods can be added separately from the part that calculates the correction voltage Vi', or It can be incorporated into the part that calculates the positive voltage Vi'. The correction amount of the adjusted correction voltage Vi' (the difference from the desired voltage Vi) is It is preferable to make it small. In other words, |Vi´´-Vi|<|Vi´-Vi| It is preferable that

[0253] In addition, the error αi caused by the ideal correction voltage exceeding the rated voltage of the source driver The shorter the signal writing period, the larger the The response time of the element must also be short, which results in a larger compensation voltage being required. Furthermore, the required correction voltage is increased, resulting in the correction voltage being The frequency with which the rated voltage of the inverter is exceeded also increases, and the frequency with which a large error αi occurs also increases. Therefore, the overdrive in this embodiment is effective when the signal writing period is short. Specifically, it is possible to divide an original image into multiple sub-images and When the plurality of sub-images are displayed sequentially within one frame period, the image included in the plurality of images is A motion occurring in the image is detected, an intermediate image of the plurality of images is generated, and an intermediate image of the plurality of images is generated. When inserting and driving (so-called motion compensated double speed driving), or when combining these When the driving method such as the above is performed, the overdrive of this embodiment is used. This will have a significant effect.

[0254] In addition to the upper limit, the rated voltage of the source driver also has a lower limit. In this case, the voltage applied cannot be smaller than 0. Similarly, an ideal correction voltage cannot be applied, so the error αi becomes large. However, even in this case, as in the method described above, The error αi is estimated, and the correction value for the holding period Fi+1 is calculated by taking into account the magnitude of the error αi. The voltage can be adjusted. Note that the rated voltage of the source driver is set to a value less than 0. If a large voltage (negative voltage) can be applied, a negative voltage can be applied to the liquid crystal element as a correction voltage. By doing so, the holding period Fi can be set in anticipation of the potential fluctuation due to the constant charge state. At the end of the period, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element can be adjusted to a voltage close to the desired voltage Vi. do.

[0255] To prevent deterioration of the liquid crystal element, the polarity of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element is periodically reversed. In other words, so-called inversion driving can be performed in combination with overdriving. That is, the overdrive in this embodiment includes the case where it is performed simultaneously with the inversion drive. For example, when the signal writing period is half of the input image signal period Tin, the polarity is inverted. When the period for writing the positive polarity signal and the period for writing the negative polarity signal are approximately the same as each other, In this way, the polarity of the signal is reversed. By making the period of charge and discharge longer than the signal writing period, the frequency of pixel charging and discharging can be reduced. Power consumption can be reduced. However, if the polarity reversal period is too long, the difference in polarity The difference in brightness caused by the polarity of the The period for which the signal is applied is preferably equal to or shorter than the input image signal period Tin.

[0256] (Embodiment 7) Next, another example of the configuration of the display device and a method of driving the same will be described. In this case, an image that interpolates the movement of an image (input image) input from outside the display device is generated by multiple The image is generated inside the display device based on the input image, and the generated image (generated image) and the input The generated image is displayed by compensating for the movement of the input image. By creating an image that looks like it's moving between the two, you can make the movement of the video smoother, and This can improve the problem of video quality being reduced by afterimages caused by video drive. The display of moving images ideally involves changing the brightness of each pixel in real time. This is achieved by controlling the pixels in real time, but the real-time individual control of the pixels is The problem of the huge number of paths, the problem of wiring space, and the huge amount of input image data Therefore, it is difficult to realize the display of moving images on a display device. The display is made to look like a moving image by displaying multiple still images in sequence at a regular interval. This period (in this embodiment, it is called the input image signal period and is represented as Tin) For example, the NTSC standard is 1 / 60 seconds, and the PAL standard is 1 / Even with this period, the CRT, which is an impulse type display device, displays moving images. There were no problems with the display. However, the hold-type display device does not comply with these standards. If a video that conforms to this standard is displayed as is, the display may be distorted due to afterimages caused by the fact that it is a hold type. This causes a problem called hold blur. The blur is caused by the inconsistency between the interpolation of unconscious movements by the human eye and the display of the hold type ( discrepancy), so the input image signal is recognized more precisely than the conventional standard. This can be reduced by shortening the period (approaching real-time individual control of pixels). However, shortening the input image signal period will require changes to the standard and will also increase the amount of data. However, based on the standardized input image signal, An image that interpolates the movement of the input image is generated inside the display device, and the input image is displayed using the generated image. By interpolating and displaying the output image, the hold time can be displayed without changing the standard or increasing the amount of data. In this way, the image signal is generated inside the display device based on the input image signal. Interpolating the motion of the input image is called video interpolation.

[0257] The moving image interpolation method according to this embodiment can reduce the blurring of the moving image. The moving image interpolation method in the embodiment can be divided into an image generation method and an image display method. And, for specific patterns of movement, different image generation methods and / or image display methods are used. By using this method, motion blur can be effectively reduced. FIG. 10B is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a moving image interpolation method according to the present embodiment. In Figures 16(A) and 16(B), the horizontal axis represents time, and the horizontal position represents The part marked "Input" indicates the timing at which each image is handled. Here, the two images that are adjacent in time are The focus is on the image 5121 and the image 5122. The input images are input at intervals of a period Tin. The length of one period Tin is referred to as one frame or one frame period. The part marked "Generation" indicates the timing at which a new image is generated from the input image signal. Here, the generated image is based on the image 5121 and the image 5122. The part marked "display" indicates that the image is displayed on the display device. This shows the timing when the image is displayed. Although it is only indicated by a dashed line, by treating it in the same way as the image of interest, This is an example of a method for interpolating moving images in this form.

[0258] An example of a moving image interpolation method in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 16(A). The generated image is generated based on two adjacent input images. By displaying the video in the gap between the two, it is possible to interpolate the video. Preferably, the display period of the display image is half the input period of the input image. However, the display period is not limited to this, and various display periods can be used. For example, the display period can be set to the input period By setting it shorter than half, you can display the video more smoothly. By making it longer than half the period, power consumption can be reduced. The image is generated based on two adjacent input images, but the number of input images is limited to two. For example, three (or more than three) temporally adjacent If you generate an image based on an input image (good), it will be easier than if you generate an image based on two input images. It is possible to obtain a generated image with high accuracy. The same time as the input timing of 5122, that is, the display timing relative to the input timing Although it is delayed by one frame, the display timing in the video interpolation method of this embodiment is The timing is not limited to this, and various display timings can be used. For example, You can delay the display timing by one or more frames. Therefore, the timing of displaying the generated image 5123 can be delayed, so the image 5 This allows for ample time for the generation of 123, and reduces power consumption and manufacturing costs. If the display timing is too slow relative to the input timing, the input This increases the time period for storing the force image, and increases the memory capacity required for storage. The display timing relative to the input timing should preferably be delayed by 1 to 2 frames. I wish.

[0259] Here, the specific image 5123 generated based on the image 5121 and the image 5122 is In order to interpolate the moving image, the motion of the input image is detected. In this embodiment, a block map is used to detect the motion of the input image. However, there are various methods that can be used without being limited to this. (Methods such as taking the difference between image data and using Fourier transform) can be used. In the block matching method, first, the image data of one input image (here, the image 5121) into a data storage means (semiconductor memory, RAM, or other storage circuit, etc.) Then, the image in the next frame (image 5122 in this example) is stored in memory. The divided areas are rectangular with the same shape, as shown in Figure 16(A). It can be, but is not limited to, various things (shape or size depending on the image) Then, for each divided area, the data stored in the data storage means can be The data is compared with the image data of the previous frame (here, the image data of image 5121). In the example of FIG. 16(A), the image 5122 has a similar image data. A region similar in data to the region 5124 in the image 5121 is searched for, and the region 512 6 is searched. When searching within image 5121, the search range is limited. In the example of FIG. 16(A), the search range is set to area 5124. The area 5125 is set to be about four times the area of ​​the By increasing the size, it is possible to improve the detection accuracy even in fast-moving videos. However, if the search is too broad, the search time will be enormous, and the actual detection of motion will be hindered. Therefore, the area 5125 is set to be about 2 to 6 times the area of ​​the area 5124. Then, the searched region 5126 and the region in the image 5122 are compared. The difference in position from 5124 is calculated as a motion vector 5127. represents the movement of image data in the region 5124 during one frame period. To generate an image that shows the intermediate state of the motion, the direction of the motion vector is kept the same but the size is changed. The image generation vector 5128 is generated by adding the vector 5128 to the region 5126 in the image 5121. The image data is moved according to the image generation vector 5128 to generate the image 5123. This series of processes is called image 5122. By performing this process on all the regions in the image 5123, the image 5123 is generated. 21, image 5123, image 5122 can be displayed sequentially to create an interpolated video. Note that the position of the object 5130 in the image is different between the image 5121 and the image 5122. The generated image 5123 is different from the image 5121 and the image This is the midpoint of the object at 5122. By displaying such an image, This makes the movement smoother and improves the blurring of moving images caused by afterimages and the like.

[0260] The size of the image generation vector 5128 is determined according to the display timing of the image 5123. In the example of FIG. 16(A), the display timing of the image 5123 can be determined. is set to the midpoint (1 / 2) of the display timing of image 5121 and image 5122. The size of the image generation vector 5128 is half that of the motion vector 5127. For example, if the display timing is 1 / 3, the size is set to 1 / 3 and the display time is set to If the timing is 2 / 3, the size can be set to 2 / 3.

[0261] In this way, multiple regions with various motion vectors can be moved to create a new image. When creating an image, it is necessary to consider whether there are overlapping areas within the destination area where other areas have already been moved, or whether there are any overlapping areas within the destination area. There may be some blank areas that are not moved from the area. As a method for correcting the overlapping portion, for example, the overlapping data can be corrected by Priority is assigned based on the average, the direction of the motion vector, etc., and the data with the highest priority is displayed. The method of using the data in the image, color (or brightness) is given priority, but brightness (or The color) can be averaged. The blank areas can be corrected by using the method shown in Image 5. The image data at the corresponding position of 121 or 5122 is generated as is. The method of calculating the average of the image data at the position of the image 5121 or the image 5122 is Then, the generated image 5123 can be used as a vector for image generation. By displaying the image at a timing that matches the size of the Tor 5128, the movement of the video becomes smoother. Furthermore, the problem of image retention caused by hold drive can be solved. It can be improved.

[0262] Another example of the moving image interpolation method in this embodiment is a time interpolation method as shown in FIG. A generated image generated based on two input images that are adjacent to each other is generated based on the two input images. When displaying the images in the gaps between the displayed images, each image is further divided into multiple sub-images. By dividing the image into multiple images and displaying them, it is possible to interpolate moving images. In addition to the benefits of shorter time, dark images are periodically displayed (the display method is This also provides the advantage of the image display period being closer to the image input period. This reduces blurring of the video due to afterimages, etc., compared to when the length is only half the power cycle. In the example of FIG. 16(B), the “input” and “generation” can be further improved. 16(B) can be performed in the same manner as in the example of FIG. 6(A), so the explanation will be omitted. The "display" in the Specifically, as shown in FIG. 16(B), the image 5121 can be displayed as a sub-image. By dividing the image into two sub-images 5121a and 5121b and displaying them sequentially, the human eye perceives the image as image 5 121 is perceived as being displayed, and image 5123 is perceived as sub-images 5123a and 5123 b and display them sequentially, the human eye perceives it as if image 5123 is displayed. By dividing the image 5122 into sub-images 5122a and 5122b and displaying them sequentially, , the human eye perceives the image 5122 as being displayed. The image to be displayed is the same as the example in Figure 16(A), but the display method is impulse type. Since it can be brought closer, blurred video images caused by afterimages can be further improved. The number of divisions of the image is two in FIG. 16(B), but it is not limited to this and various The number of divisions can be used. The timing at which the sub-image is displayed is as shown in FIG. In this example, the display intervals are set to 1 / 2, but this is not limited to this and various display timings can be used. For example, the dark sub-images (5121b, 5122b, 5123b) can be displayed as By speeding up the display timing (specifically, from 1 / 4 to 1 / 2), the display method This makes the method closer to the impulse type, thereby reducing blurring of moving images caused by afterimages, etc. Or, you can slow down the timing of displaying the dark sub-image (specifically, 1 / 2 By doing so, the period during which a bright image is displayed can be extended. This allows for improved display efficiency and reduced power consumption.

[0263] Another example of the video interpolation method according to the present embodiment is to detect the shape of an object moving in an image. This is an example in which different processing is performed depending on the shape of the moving object. , ... This refers to moving text (also known as scrolling text, subtitles, tickers, etc.). In addition, "input" and "generation" may be the same as in FIG. 16(B), The blurring of moving images during hold driving is due to the nature of the moving object. The degree of this difference may vary depending on the situation. This is particularly noticeable when the characters are moving. This is because when reading moving text, your eyes will inevitably follow the text, Furthermore, characters must have clear outlines. Because there are many, the blur caused by hold blur may be further emphasized. That is, it determines whether an object moving within an image is a character, and if so, performs further special processing. This is effective for reducing hold blur. Contour detection and / or pattern detection are performed on the object to determine whether the object is a character. If this is the case, motion interpolation is performed even between sub-images divided from the same image, and the motion is By displaying the intermediate state of the object, the movement can be made smoother. If it is determined that the image is not a single image, the sub-images divided from the same image are used as shown in FIG. 16(B). In the case of an image, the position of a moving object can be displayed without changing. In the example, the area 5131 determined to be a character is moving upward. The position of the region 5131 is different between the image 5121a and the image 5121b. The same applies to images 123a and 5123b, and images 5122a and 5122b. This allows for normal motion compensation for moving characters, where hold blur is particularly noticeable. It can make the movement even smoother than double speed drive, so it can reduce blurred video caused by afterimages, etc. The quality can be further improved.

[0264] (Embodiment 8) In this embodiment, a pixel configuration and pixel operation applicable to a liquid crystal display device will be described. In this embodiment, the liquid crystal element operates in a twisted twist (TN) mode. ed Nematic mode, IPS (In-Plane-Switching) mode Mode, FFS (Fringe Field Switching) mode, MVA (Multiple ti-domain Vertical Alignment) mode, PVA(Pat terned Vertical Alignment) mode, ASM (Axiall y Symmetric aligned Micro-cell) mode, OCB(O (Ptically Compensated Birefringence) mode, F LC (Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal) mode, AFLC (AntiFerroelectric Liquid Crystal) It is possible.

[0265] FIG. 17A is a diagram showing an example of a pixel configuration that can be applied to a liquid crystal display device. The pixel 5080 includes a transistor 5081, a liquid crystal element 5082, and a capacitor 5083. The gate of the transistor 5081 is electrically connected to a wiring 5085. The first terminal of the transistor 5081 is electrically connected to a wiring 5084. The first terminal of the liquid crystal element 5082 is electrically connected to the wiring. The first terminal of the capacitor 5083 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the liquid crystal element 5082. The second terminal of the capacitor 5083 is electrically connected to the wiring 5086. The first terminal of a transistor is either the source or the drain. The second terminal of the transistor is the other of the source and drain. If the first terminal of the transistor is the source, then the second terminal of the transistor is the drain. Similarly, if the first terminal of the transistor is the drain, then the second terminal of the transistor is is the source.

[0266] The wiring 5084 can function as a signal line. The signal line is input from outside the pixel. The wiring 5085 is a wiring for transmitting the signal voltage to the pixel 5080. The scan line is used to control the on / off of the transistor 5081. The wiring 5086 can function as a capacitance line. This is a wiring for applying a predetermined voltage to the second terminal of the transistor 5083. The capacitor 5083 can function as a storage capacitor. The storage capacitor can store the signal voltage even when the switch is off. The wiring 5087 is a capacitor element for keeping the voltage applied to the capacitor 082. The counter electrode applies a predetermined voltage to the second terminal of the liquid crystal element 5082. The functions that each wiring can have are not limited to these. For example, by changing the voltage applied to the capacitance line, The voltage applied to the liquid crystal element can also be adjusted. Since it is only necessary for the transistor 5081 to function as a P-channel type, the polarity of the transistor 5081 may be a P-channel type. Alternatively, it may be an N-channel type.

[0267] FIG. 17(B) is a diagram showing an example of a pixel configuration that can be applied to a liquid crystal display device. 17(A) ) is different from the pixel configuration example shown in FIG. 17(A) in that the wiring 5087 is omitted. The second terminal of the liquid crystal element 5082 and the second terminal of the capacitor element 5083 are electrically connected. The pixel configuration is the same as that shown in FIG. 17(A), except that the pixel is connected to the The pixel configuration example shown in FIG. 17(B) is particularly suitable for liquid crystal elements in a lateral electric field mode (IP This is applicable when the liquid crystal element is horizontally shifted (including S mode and FFS mode). In the field mode, the second terminal of the liquid crystal element 5082 and the second terminal of the capacitor element 5083 are Since they can be formed on the same substrate, the second terminal of the liquid crystal element 5082 and the capacitor element 5 This is because it is easy to electrically connect the second terminal of the 083. By using the pixel configuration as shown, the wiring 5087 can be omitted, and the manufacturing process can be simplified. This allows the manufacturing cost to be reduced.

[0268] The pixel configuration shown in FIG. 17(A) or FIG. 17(B) is arranged in a matrix. In this way, a display section of a liquid crystal display device is formed, and various images can be displayed. FIG. 17C shows a pixel configuration in which a plurality of pixels shown in FIG. 17A are arranged in a matrix. 17C is a diagram showing a circuit configuration in the case where the display unit has The figure shows four pixels extracted from the multiple pixels. j is a natural number), the pixel located at the The wiring 5084_i, wiring 5085_j, and wiring 5086_j are electrically connected to Similarly, for the pixel 5080_i+1,j, a wiring 5084_i+1 and a wiring 5085_j and the wiring 5086_j are electrically connected. For +1, wire 5084_i, wire 5085_j+1, wire 5086_j+1 and Similarly, for pixel 5080_i+1,j+1, the wiring 5084_ i+1, a wiring 5085_j+1, and a wiring 5086_j+1. A wiring can be shared by multiple pixels belonging to the same column or row. In the pixel configuration shown in FIG. 17(C), the wiring 5087 is a counter electrode. Since the elements are common, the notation for wiring 5087 using natural numbers i or j is In one example of the embodiment, the pixel configuration shown in FIG. Therefore, even if the wiring 5087 is shown, the wiring 508 7 is not essential and can be omitted by sharing it with other wiring, etc.

[0269] The pixel configuration shown in FIG. 17(C) can be driven in various ways. The liquid crystal display is driven by a method called current driving, which prevents deterioration of the liquid crystal element (burn-in). FIG. 17(D) shows a case where dot inversion driving, which is one of AC driving methods, is performed. When the voltage is applied to each wiring in the pixel configuration shown in FIG. 17(C), 1 is a diagram showing a chart in which AC driving is performed by performing dot inversion driving. This can suppress flicker that is visible in some cases.

[0270] In the pixel configuration shown in FIG. 17C, The switch in the jth gate selection period is in the selected state (on state) during one frame period. In the other periods, it is in the non-selected state (off state). After the j+1 gate selection period, the j+1 gate selection period is provided. In this way, all pixels are selected in sequence within one frame period. In the timing chart, when the voltage is in a high state (high level), the switching When the voltage is low (low level), the switch is in the selected state. Note that this is the case when the transistors in each pixel are N-channel type, and P-channel type When a transistor with this type is used, the relationship between voltage and selection state is the opposite of that in the case of an N-channel type. This becomes:

[0271] In the timing chart shown in FIG. 17(D), the jth pulse in the kth frame (k is a natural number) During the gate selection period, a positive signal voltage is applied to the wiring 5084_i used as a signal line. A negative signal voltage is applied to the wiring 5084_i+1. In the j+1-th gate selection period, a negative signal voltage is applied to the wiring 5084_i, and the wiring 5 A positive signal voltage is applied to 084_i+1. After that, each signal line As a result, in the kth frame, A positive signal voltage is applied to the pixel 5080_i,j, and a negative signal voltage is applied to the pixel 5080_i+1,j. A negative signal voltage is applied to the pixel 5080_i,j+1, and a positive signal voltage is applied to the pixel 5080_i+1,j+1. Then, in the k+1-th frame, the signal voltages are added as follows: In each pixel, a signal of the opposite polarity to the signal voltage written in the k-th frame is written. As a result, in the k+1th frame, the pixel 5080_i,j A negative signal voltage is applied to pixel 5080_i+1,j, a positive signal voltage is applied to pixel 5080_i,j A positive signal voltage is applied to pixel +1, and a negative signal voltage is applied to pixel 5080_i+1,j+1. In this way, adjacent pixels in the same frame have different polarities. A signal voltage of a certain value is applied to each pixel, and a signal voltage The dot inversion driving method is a driving method in which the polarity of the liquid crystal is inverted. This is visible when the entire or part of the displayed image is uniform while suppressing deterioration of the element. Flicker can be reduced. The voltage applied to all the wirings 5086 including the wirings 5086 can be set to a constant voltage. The timing chart for line 5084 only shows the polarity of the signal voltage. In this case, various signal voltage values ​​can be used for the displayed polarity. Although the polarity is inverted for each pixel, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the polarity of the signal voltage written every two gate selection periods can be reversed. By reversing the polarity, it is possible to reduce the power consumption required to write the signal voltage. In addition, it is possible to invert the polarity for each column (source line inversion) or for each row. It is also possible to invert the polarity (gate line inversion).

[0272] The second terminal of the capacitor 5083 in the pixel 5080 is connected to a capacitor in one frame period. A constant voltage is sufficient. The voltage applied is low for most of the frame period, and a nearly constant voltage is applied. Therefore, the second terminal of the capacitor element 5083 in the pixel 5080 is connected to the wiring 5 085. FIG. 17(E) is a diagram showing an example of a pixel configuration that can be applied to a liquid crystal display device. The pixel configuration shown in FIG. 17(E) has a wiring configuration different from that shown in FIG. 17(C). 5086 is omitted, and the second terminal of the capacitance element 5083 in the pixel 5080 and the The wiring 5085 in the row is electrically connected. In the range shown in FIG. 17(E), the pixel 5080_i,j+1 and the pixel The second terminal of the capacitance element 5083 in 5080_i+1,j+1 is connected to the wiring 5085_j. In this way, the second terminal of the capacitor element 5083 in the pixel 5080 and the By electrically connecting the wiring 5085 in the previous row, the wiring 5086 is omitted. Since the second terminal of the capacitor 5083 can be connected to the The destination may be the wiring 5085 in another row, not just the wiring 5085 in the previous row. The driving method of the pixel configuration shown in FIG. 17(E) is the same as that of the pixel configuration shown in FIG. 17(C). The same method of movement can be used.

[0273] The capacitor 5083 and the wiring electrically connected to the second terminal of the capacitor 5083 are By using this, it is possible to reduce the voltage applied to the wiring 5084 used as a signal line. The pixel configuration and driving method in this case will be explained using FIG. 17(F) and FIG. 17(G). The pixel configuration shown in FIG. 17(F) has a wiring 5 086 are provided as two per pixel column, and the second The feature of this device is that the electrical connection to the terminals is made alternately between adjacent pixels. The wiring 5086 thus obtained will be referred to as wiring 5086-1 and wiring 5086-2, respectively. Specifically, in the range shown in FIG. 17(F), pixels 5080_i, The second terminal of the capacitor 5083 in j is electrically connected to the wiring 5086-1_j. The second terminal of the capacitance element 5083 in the pixel 5080_i+1,j is connected to the wiring 5086-2 j, and the second terminal of the capacitance element 5083 in the pixel 5080_i,j+1 is electrically connected to the wiring 5086-2_j+1, and A second terminal of the capacitor 5083 in the pixel 508 is electrically connected to the wiring 5086-1_j+1.

[0274] For example, as shown in FIG. 17(G), in the k-th frame, pixel 5080_i, When a signal voltage of positive polarity is written to j, the wiring 5086-1_j is connected to the j-th gate selection period, and changes to high level after the jth gate selection period ends. Then, it maintains a high level for one frame period, and After a signal voltage of negative polarity is written during the j-th gate selection period, the signal voltage is changed to a low level. In this way, after a signal voltage of positive polarity is written to the pixel, the second By changing the voltage of the wiring electrically connected to the terminal in the positive direction, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element The voltage written to the pixel can be changed by a predetermined amount in the positive direction. The power consumption required for signal writing can be reduced because the signal voltage can be reduced. In addition, when a signal voltage of negative polarity is written in the j-th gate selection period, After a signal voltage of negative polarity is written to the pixel, the second terminal of the capacitor 5083 is electrically connected to the By changing the voltage of the wiring connected to the liquid crystal display in the negative direction, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element The negative polarity can be changed by a predetermined amount, so that the pixel That is, the signal voltage to be written can be reduced. The electrically connected wiring is connected to the same row of the same frame when a positive polarity signal voltage is applied. The pixels to which a negative signal voltage is applied have different wiring. FIG. 17(F) shows a case where a signal voltage of positive polarity is written in the k-th frame. A wiring 5086-1 is electrically connected to the pixel, and a signal voltage of negative polarity is applied in the k-th frame. In this example, the wiring 5086-2 is electrically connected to the pixel to which the voltage is written. This is just an example. For example, a pixel to which a signal voltage of a positive polarity is written and a pixel to which a signal voltage of a negative polarity is written may be In the case of a driving method in which pixels to which light is written appear every two pixels, the wiring 5086-1 and Accordingly, it is preferable that the electrical connection of the wiring 5086-2 is also performed alternately every two pixels. Furthermore, it is preferable that signal voltages of the same polarity are written to all pixels in one row (gate In this case, one wiring 5086 per row is sufficient. That is, even in the pixel configuration shown in FIG. 17(C), the same can be achieved by using FIGS. 17(F) and 17(G). As explained above, a driving method for reducing the signal voltage written to the pixel can be used. .

[0275] Next, the liquid crystal element is a vertical alignment (VA) liquid crystal display, typically an MVA mode or a PVA mode. This section describes a pixel configuration and driving method that are particularly preferable for the VA mode. The LCD panel has many advantages, such as no rubbing process required during manufacturing, minimal light leakage during black display, and low driving voltage. However, the image quality deteriorates when the screen is viewed from an angle (narrow viewing angle). In order to widen the viewing angle in the VA mode, the following problems are encountered: As shown in (B), a pixel configuration having multiple sub-pixels in one pixel is used. In the pixel configuration shown in FIG. 18(A) and FIG. 18(B), the pixel 5080 is 5 shows an example of a case where two sub-pixels (sub-pixel 5080-1 and sub-pixel 5080-2) are included. The number of sub-pixels in one pixel is not limited to two, and various numbers of sub-pixels can be used. The larger the number of sub-pixels, the wider the viewing angle can be. The sub-pixels can have the same circuit configuration as each other. The circuit configuration of the first subpixel 5080-1 is the same as that shown in A). A device having a transistor 5081-1, a liquid crystal element 5082-1, and a capacitor element 5083-1 The connections between the various components are in accordance with the circuit configuration shown in FIG. The second subpixel 5080-2 includes a transistor 5081-2, a liquid crystal element 5082-2, a capacitor The connection relationship of each element is the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 17(A). shall be in accordance with the following.

[0276] The pixel configuration shown in FIG. 18(A) is a configuration in which two sub-pixels constituting one pixel are used as scanning lines. There are two wires 5085 (wire 5085-1 and wire 5085-2) that are used as signal lines. 5084 is used as a capacitor line, and one wiring 5086 is used as a capacitor line. In this way, by sharing the signal line and the capacitance line between two sub-pixels, Furthermore, the signal line driver circuit can be simplified. This reduces manufacturing costs and the number of connections between the LCD panel and the driver circuit IC. The pixel configuration shown in FIG. 18(B) is made up of two For each subpixel, there is one wiring 5085 used as a scanning line, and one wiring 5086 used as a signal line. The wiring 5084 has two wirings (wiring 5084-1 and wiring 5084-2) and is used as a capacitance line. In this way, the scanning line and the capacitance line are divided into two sub lines. By sharing the same area among pixels, the aperture ratio can be improved. This reduces the number of gate lines, allowing for a sufficient gate line selection period even in high-resolution LCD panels. This allows the display to be lengthened to several minutes, allowing appropriate signal voltages to be written to each pixel.

[0277] 18(C) and 18(D) show the pixel configuration shown in FIG. 18(B) in which the liquid crystal element is This is an example in which the electrical connection state of each element is represented in a schematic manner by replacing it with the shape of a pixel electrode. In FIG. 18(C) and FIG. 18(D), the electrode 5088-1 represents the first pixel electrode, The electrode 5088-2 represents the second pixel electrode. The electrode 5088-1 corresponds to the first terminal of the liquid crystal element 5082-1 ​​in FIG. 18(B). The second pixel electrode 5088-2 corresponds to the first terminal of the liquid crystal element 5082-2 in FIG. 18(B). That is, the first pixel electrode 5088-1 corresponds to the source of the transistor 5081-1. or one of the drains, and the second pixel electrode 5088-2 is electrically connected to the transistor 5081-2 is electrically connected to either the source or the drain of the transistor 5081-2. In this case, the connection relationship between the pixel electrode and the transistor is reversed. 088-1 is electrically connected to either the source or drain of the transistor 5081-2. The second pixel electrode 5088-2 is connected to the source or drain of the transistor 5081-1. It is assumed that the terminals are electrically connected to one of the terminals.

[0278] The pixel configurations shown in FIG. 18(C) and FIG. 18(D) are arranged alternately in a matrix. By doing so, a special effect can be obtained. An example is shown in Figure 18(E) and Figure 18(F). The pixel configuration shown in Figure 18(E) is The part corresponding to pixel 5080_i,j and pixel 5080_i+1,j+1 is shown in FIG. The configuration shown in FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a pixel 5080_i+1,j and a pixel 5080_i,j+1. In this configuration, the part shown in FIG. 18(F) When driven as shown in the timing chart, during the jth gate selection period of the kth frame, The first pixel electrode of the pixel 5080_i,j and the second pixel electrode of the pixel 5080_i+1,j A signal voltage of positive polarity is written, and the second pixel electrode of the pixel 5080_i,j and the pixel 50 A signal voltage of negative polarity is written to the first pixel electrode of 80_i+1,j. In the j+1-th gate selection period of the frame, the second pixel electrode and and a signal voltage of positive polarity is written to the first pixel electrode of the pixel 5080_i+1,j+1, The first pixel electrode of the pixel 5080_i,j+1 and the second pixel electrode of the pixel 5080_i+1,j+1 In the (k+1)th frame, a signal voltage of negative polarity is written to each pixel. By doing so, the polarity of the signal voltage is inverted in the pixel configuration including the sub-pixel. This realizes a drive equivalent to dot inversion drive, while changing the polarity of the voltage applied to the signal line by one frame. Therefore, the signal voltage writing time of the pixel can be made the same within the period. Power consumption can be significantly reduced. The voltage applied to all wires 5086 including 1 can be a constant voltage.

[0279] Furthermore, by using the pixel configuration and driving method shown in FIG. 18(G) and FIG. 18(H), The magnitude of the signal voltage written to the pixel can be reduced. The capacitance lines electrically connected to the plurality of sub-pixels of the pixel are different for each sub-pixel. That is, the pixel configuration and driving method shown in FIG. 18(G) and FIG. 18(H) Therefore, for sub-pixels to which the same polarity is written in the same frame, the capacitances in the same row are For sub-pixels that share a common line and have different polarities written in the same frame, Then, when writing to each row is completed, The voltage of the positive polarity signal voltage is written to the sub-pixel in the positive direction, and the voltage of the negative polarity signal voltage is written to the By changing the signal voltage written to the pixel in the negative direction, Specifically, the wiring 5086 used as the capacitance line is There are two lines (wiring 5086-1 and wiring 5086-2), and the first pixel of pixel 5080_i,j The electrode and the wiring 5086-1_j are electrically connected via a capacitor, and the pixel 5080 The second pixel electrode of pixel _i,j is electrically connected to the wiring 5086-2_j via a capacitance element. The first pixel electrode of the pixel 5080_i+1,j and the wiring 5086-2_j form a capacitance element. The second pixel electrode of the pixel 5080_i+1,j is electrically connected to the wiring 508 6-1_j is electrically connected to the first pixel 5080_i,j+1 through a capacitance element. The pixel electrode and the wiring 5086-2_j+1 are electrically connected via a capacitance element, and the pixel The second pixel electrode 5080_i,j+1 and the wiring 5086-1_j+1 are connected via a capacitance element. The first pixel electrode of the pixel 5080_i+1,j+1 and the wiring 5086 are electrically connected to each other. -1_j+1 are electrically connected to the pixel 5080_i+1,j+1 via a capacitance element. The second pixel electrode and the wiring 5086-2_j+1 are electrically connected via a capacitor element. However, this is just an example. For example, if a pixel is written with a positive signal voltage and a pixel is written with a negative signal voltage, In the case of a driving method in which a pixel to which a signal voltage of the polarity is written appears every two pixels, wiring 5 The electrical connections of 086-1 and wiring 5086-2 are also made alternately every two pixels. Furthermore, it is preferable that signal voltages of the same polarity are written to all pixels in one row. In this case, the wiring 5086 is In other words, even in the pixel configuration shown in FIG. 18(E), As explained using 8(H), a driving method that reduces the signal voltage written to the pixel is used. It is possible.

[0280] (Embodiment 9) In this embodiment, an example of a display device will be described.

[0281] First, an example of a system block of a liquid crystal display device will be described with reference to FIG. 19(A). The liquid crystal display device includes a circuit 5361, a circuit 5362, a circuit 5363_1, a circuit 5363_2, a circuit 5363_3, a circuit 5363_4, a circuit 5363_5, a circuit 5363_6, a circuit 5363_7, a circuit 5363_8, a circuit 5363_9, a circuit 5363_10, a circuit 5 2, a pixel portion 5364, a circuit 5365, and a lighting device 5366. In the figure, a plurality of wirings 5371 are arranged extending from a circuit 5362, and a plurality of wirings 5372 are arranged in a circuit. The wiring 5363_1 and the wiring 5363_2 are arranged to extend from each other. The intersections of the line 5371 and the wirings 5372 each have a display element such as a liquid crystal element. Pixels 5367 corresponding to the pixel area are arranged in a matrix.

[0282] The circuit 5361 is connected to the circuit 5362, the circuit 5363_1, the circuit 5364, the circuit 5365, and the circuit 5366 in response to the video signal 5360. 363_2 and the circuit 5365, and has a function of supplying a signal, a voltage, a current, or the like to the controller, control circuit, timing generator, power supply circuit, regulator, etc. In this embodiment, as an example, the circuit 5361 can function as a 362, a start signal for the signal line driver circuit (SSP), a clock signal for the signal line driver circuit ( SCK), inverted clock signal for signal line driver circuit (SCKB), data for video signal (DA TA), and a latch signal (LAT). Then, a start signal for the scanning line driving circuit (G SP), a clock signal for the scanning line driving circuit (GCK), and an inverted clock for the scanning line driving circuit Alternatively, the circuit 5361 may supply a signal (GCKB) to the circuit 5365. The circuit is intended to provide a backlight control signal (BLC), but is not limited to this. 5361 also transmits various other signals, various voltages, or various currents to a circuit 5362, a circuit The signal can be supplied to a circuit 5363_1, a circuit 5363_2, and a circuit 5365.

[0283] In addition, the circuit 5361 performs super-resolution processing, edge enhancement processing, frame interpolation processing, over Drive processing, local dimming processing, IP conversion processing, and / or enlargement processing It is possible to do so.

[0284] Note that the circuit 5365 can perform local dimming processing and the like. Alternatively, in the circuit 5365, the backlight of each area in the local dimming process A process can be performed to determine the brightness.

[0285] Note that various processes can be performed in the circuit 5361 or the circuit 5365. Therefore, the circuit 5361 or the circuit 5365 may be composed of many more circuits. That is, the circuit 5361 or the circuit 5365 can be configured by a plurality of circuits. In this case, the circuits included in the circuit 5361 or the circuit 5365 are It is possible to form the entire circuit on a single IC chip. It is possible to place the data in multiple IC chips. In this case, the circuit 5361 or the circuit 5365 is configured using multiple IC chips.

[0286] In this case, the circuit 5362 receives the signals (e.g., SSP, SCK) supplied from the circuit 5361. , SCKB, DATA, LAT) to output video signals to a plurality of wirings 5371. The circuit 5363_1 and the circuit 5363_2 have a function of driving a signal line. The circuit 5363_2 receives signals (GSP, GCK, GCKB) from the circuit 5361. Accordingly, the semiconductor device has a function of outputting scan signals to a plurality of wirings 5372 and functions as a scan line driver circuit. The circuit 5365 receives the signal (BLC) from the circuit 5361. By controlling the amount of power or time supplied to the lighting device 5366 according to the , which has a function of controlling the brightness (or average brightness) of the lighting device 5366 and functions as a power supply circuit. It is possible to do this.

[0287] When video signals are input to the multiple wirings 5371, the multiple wirings 5371 The wirings 53 can function as lines, video signal lines, source lines, or the like. When a scanning signal is input to 72, the plurality of wirings 5372 are signal lines, scanning lines, or gate lines. However, the embodiment is not limited to this. stomach.

[0288] Note that the same signal is input from the circuit 5361 to the circuits 5363_1 and 5363_2. In this case, the circuit 5363_1 outputs scan signals to the wirings 5372 and the circuit 5363 The timing of the scanning signals output from the _2 to the multiple wirings 5372 is approximately the same. Therefore, the loads driven by the circuits 5363_1 and 5363_2 are reduced. Therefore, the display device can be made larger. Alternatively, the circuits 5363_1 and 5363_2 may have high resolution. Since the channel width of the transistor can be reduced, a display device with a narrow frame can be obtained. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the circuit 5361 can be implemented by a circuit 5363_1 and a circuit 536 It is possible to supply separate signals to 3_2.

[0289] Note that one of the circuit 5363_1 and the circuit 5363_2 can be omitted.

[0290] In addition, in the pixel portion 5364, wiring such as a capacitance line, a power supply line, and a scanning line can be newly arranged. The circuit 5361 can output a signal or a voltage to these wirings. Alternatively, a circuit similar to the circuit 5363_1 or the circuit 5363_2 may be newly added. This newly added circuit outputs signals such as scanning signals to the newly added wiring. It is possible.

[0291] The pixel 5367 can have a light-emitting element such as an EL element as a display element. In this case, as shown in FIG. 19(B), the display element can emit light, so that the circuit 5 365 and the lighting device 5366 can be omitted. In order to supply power, a plurality of wirings 5373 that can function as power supply lines are provided in the pixel portion 53 64. The circuit 5361 distributes a power supply voltage called voltage (ANO). The wiring 5373 is connected to each color element of the pixel. It can be connected to all pixels in common.

[0292] Note that in FIG. 19B, as an example, the circuit 5361 includes a circuit 5363_1 and a circuit 536 3_2. The circuit 5361 is a circuit for a scanning line driver circuit. Start signal (GSP1), clock signal for scanning line driving circuit (GCK1), and scanning line driving The circuit 5363_1 is supplied with signals such as an inverted clock signal (GCKB1) for the operating circuit. The circuit 5361 outputs a start signal (GSP2) for the scanning line driving circuit, Clock signal (GCK2), inverted clock signal for scanning line driver circuit (GCKB2), etc. In this case, the circuit 5363_1 supplies the signal to the circuit 5363_2. 72, and the circuit 5363_2 scans only the odd-numbered wirings among the plurality of wirings 5372. That is, only the wirings in the even rows can be scanned. Since the driving frequency of the circuit 5363_2 can be reduced, power consumption can be reduced. Alternatively, the area in which one stage of flip-flops can be laid out can be increased. Therefore, the display device can be made high-definition. However, the present invention is not limited to this. As in FIG. 19A, the circuit 5361 can be The same signal can be output to the circuit 5363_1 and the circuit 5363_2.

[0293] 19B, the circuit 5361 in FIG. 19A is the same as the circuit 5363 in FIG. It is possible to provide separate signals to the circuit 5363_1 and the circuit 5363_2.

[0294] An example of the system block of the display device has been described above.

[0295] Next, an example of the configuration of the display device will be described with reference to FIGS. 20(A), (B), (C), (D), and ( Please refer to E) for further explanation.

[0296] In FIG. 20A, a circuit (for example, a circuit 5364) having a function of outputting a signal to the pixel portion 5364 is shown. 362, a circuit 5363_1, and a circuit 5363_2 are formed on the same substrate as the pixel portion 5364. The circuit 5361 is formed on a substrate different from the pixel portion 5364. This reduces the number of external components, thereby reducing costs. Since the number of signals or voltages input to the board 5380 is reduced, the board 5380 and the external components can be The number of connections can be reduced, which can improve reliability and yield. can.

[0297] When the circuit is formed on a substrate different from the pixel portion 5364, the substrate is a TAB (Ta Flexible PCB (Flexible Printed Circuit) Alternatively, the substrate may be , the pixel part 5364 is mounted on the same substrate 538 by the COG (Chip on Glass) method. It is possible to implement it in 0.

[0298] When the circuit is formed on a substrate different from the pixel portion 5364, the substrate is formed on a single crystal semiconductor. Therefore, it is possible to form a transistor using the substrate. The circuit has the advantages of improved drive frequency, improved drive voltage, and reduced output signal variation. You can get the points.

[0299] A signal, voltage, or current is input from an external circuit via an input terminal 5381. This is often the case.

[0300] In FIG. 20(B), circuits with low drive frequencies (for example, circuit 5363_1, circuit 5363_ 2) is formed on the same substrate 5380 as the pixel portion 5364. The circuit 5362 is formed on a substrate different from that of the pixel portion 5364. The transistors make it possible to configure circuits formed on the substrate 5380. Therefore, the semiconductor layer of the transistor may be made of a non-single-crystal semiconductor, a microcrystalline semiconductor, an organic semiconductor, or Therefore, it is possible to increase the size of the display device and reduce the number of manufacturing steps. This can reduce the number of parts, reduce costs, or improve yields.

[0301] As shown in FIG. 20C, a part of the circuit 5362 (circuit 5362a) is connected to the pixel section 53 The remaining circuit 5362 (circuit 5362b) is formed on the same substrate 5380 as the pixel section 564. The circuit 5362a can be formed on a different substrate from the circuit 364. Circuits that can be configured using transistors (e.g., shift registers, selectors, The circuit 5362b has high mobility and characteristic variations. A circuit (e.g., a shift register) that is preferably constructed using transistors with low They often have a built-in amplifier (e.g., a phase shifter, a latch circuit, a buffer circuit, a DA conversion circuit, an AD conversion circuit, etc.) By doing so, as in FIG. 20(B), a non-single layer can be used as the semiconductor layer of the transistor. A crystalline semiconductor, a microcrystalline semiconductor, an organic semiconductor, an oxide semiconductor, or the like can be used. This allows for further reduction in the number of external components.

[0302] In FIG. 20D, a circuit (for example, a circuit 5364) having a function of outputting a signal to the pixel portion 5364 is shown. 362, circuit 5363_1, and circuit 5363_2, etc.), and controlling these circuits A circuit having a function (for example, a circuit 5361) is formed on a substrate different from that of the pixel portion 5364. This makes it possible to form the pixel section and its peripheral circuits on separate substrates. Therefore, the yield can be improved.

[0303] As in FIG. 20(D), in FIGS. 20(A) to 20(C), the circuit 5363_1 and The circuit 5363_2 can be formed on a substrate different from that of the pixel portion 5364.

[0304] In FIG. 20(E), a part of the circuit 5361 (circuit 5361a) is on the same substrate as the pixel portion 5364. 5380, and the remaining circuit 5361 (circuit 5361b) is formed separately from the pixel portion 5364. The circuit 5361a is formed on a substrate. The circuit 5361a is formed by a transistor with low mobility. In some cases, the device has a circuit that can be switched (for example, a switch, a selector, a level shift circuit, etc.). The circuit 5361b uses transistors with high mobility and small variations. A circuit (for example, a shift register, a timing generator, an These often include a resistor, regulator, or analog buffer.

[0305] 20(A) to 20(D), the circuit 5361a is mounted on the same substrate as the pixel section 5364. The circuit 5361b can be formed on a substrate different from that of the pixel portion 5364.

[0306] (Embodiment 10) In this embodiment, examples of the structure of a transistor are shown in FIGS. ) will be referred to for explanation.

[0307] FIG. 21A shows an example of the structure of a top-gate transistor. FIG. 21C shows an example of the structure of a bottom-gate transistor. 1 is an example of a structure of a transistor manufactured by

[0308] FIG. 21(A) shows a substrate 5260, an insulating layer 5261 formed on the substrate 5260, The insulating layer 5261 is formed on the insulating layer 5261, and includes a region 5262a, a region 5262b, a region 5262c, and a region A semiconductor layer 5262 having regions 5262d and 5262e, and a semiconductor layer 5262 having a thickness of 100 μm. The insulating layer 5263 is formed as shown in FIG. 5, and the insulating layer 5264 is formed on the semiconductor layer 5262 and the insulating layer 5263. a conductive layer 5264 formed over the insulating layer 5263 and the conductive layer 5264 and having an opening; an insulating layer 5265 formed on the insulating layer 5265 and in the opening of the insulating layer 5265; a layer 5266, a conductive layer 5267 formed on the conductive layer 5266 and on the insulating layer 5265, and having an opening; An insulating layer 5267 and a conductive layer formed on the insulating layer 5267 and in the opening of the insulating layer 5267 5268, and an insulating layer having an opening formed on the insulating layer 5267 and the conductive layer 5268. The insulating layer 5269 is formed on the insulating layer 5269 and in the opening of the insulating layer 5269. 270 and a conductive layer 5271 formed on the insulating layer 5269 and on the light-emitting layer 5270. show.

[0309] FIG. 21B shows a substrate 5300, a conductive layer 5301 formed on the substrate 5300, An insulating layer 5302 formed to cover the conductive layer 5301, and a conductive layer 5301 and an insulating layer 5302 formed to cover the conductive layer 5301 and the insulating layer 5302 A semiconductor layer 5303a formed on the semiconductor layer 302 and a semiconductor layer 5303a formed on the semiconductor layer 5303a A conductor layer 5303b and a conductive layer formed on the semiconductor layer 5303b and on the insulating layer 5302 a layer 5304, and a conductive layer 5305 formed on the insulating layer 5302 and the conductive layer 5304, the conductive layer 5305 having an opening. An insulating layer 5305 and a conductive layer formed on the insulating layer 5305 and in the opening of the insulating layer 5305 5306, and a liquid crystal layer 5307 disposed on the insulating layer 5305 and on the conductive layer 5306. 5308 formed on the liquid crystal layer 5307.

[0310] FIG. 21C shows a semiconductor substrate 5352 having a region 5353 and a region 5355, and a semiconductor An insulating layer 5356 formed on the semiconductor substrate 5352 and a an insulating layer 5354 formed on the insulating layer 5356; a conductive layer 5357 formed on the insulating layer 5356; 4. An insulating layer 535 having an opening formed on the insulating layer 5356 and the conductive layer 5357. 8 and a conductive layer 5359 formed on the insulating layer 5358 and in the opening of the insulating layer 5358. In this way, transistors are formed in each of the regions 5350 and 5351.

[0311] The insulating layer 5261 can function as a base film. The insulating layer 5263, the insulating layer 5302, and the insulating layer 5303 function as an isolation layer (for example, a field oxide film). The insulating layer 5356 can function as a gate insulating film. The insulating layer 5301 and the conductive layer 5357 can function as gate electrodes. The insulating layer 5265, the insulating layer 5267, the insulating layer 5305, and the insulating layer 5358 are interlayer films or flat films. The conductive layer 5266, the conductive layer 5304, and the conductive layer 5305 can function as a conductive film. 359 can function as a wiring, an electrode of a transistor, an electrode of a capacitor, or the like. The conductive layer 5268 and the conductive layer 5306 can be used as a pixel electrode, a reflective electrode, or the like. The insulating layer 5269 can function as a partition wall. The conductive layer 5271 and the conductive layer 5308 can function as a counter electrode, a common electrode, or the like. It is possible to do this.

[0312] Examples of the substrate 5260 and the substrate 5300 include a glass substrate, a quartz substrate, and a silicon substrate. Examples of the substrate include a metal substrate, a stainless steel substrate, and a flexible substrate. Examples of flexible substrates include barium borosilicate glass and aluminoborosilicate glass. Examples include polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN). , plastics such as polyethersulfone (PES), or flexible materials such as acrylic. Other examples include laminated films (polypropylene, polyethylene, etc.). ster, vinyl, polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinyl chloride, etc.), paper containing fibrous materials, base fiber Films (polyester, polyamide, inorganic vapor deposition film, paper, etc.) are examples.

[0313] The semiconductor substrate 5352 is, for example, a single-crystal Si substrate having n-type or p-type conductivity. However, it is not limited to this, and a plate similar to the substrate 5260 can be used. The region 5353 can be formed by, for example, forming a semiconductor substrate 5352 with impurities. For example, if the semiconductor substrate 5352 is a p-type conductive region, If the region 5353 has n-type conductivity, it functions as an n-well. On the other hand, when the semiconductor substrate 5352 has an n-type conductivity, the region 5353 has a p-type conductivity. The region 5355 has a p-well, and functions as a p-well. 52 and functions as a source region or a drain region. The body substrate 5352 may have an LDD region formed therein.

[0314] An example of the insulating layer 5261 is silicon oxide (SiO x ), silicon nitride (SiN x ), nitric oxide Silicon dioxide (SiO x N y ) (x>y), silicon oxynitride (SiN x O y )(x>y) and other acids The insulating layer 5261 has a two-layer structure. For example, a silicon nitride film is provided as the first insulating film, and a silicon nitride film is provided as the second insulating film. A silicon oxide film can be provided as an insulating film. The insulating layer 5261 is provided in a three-layer structure. For example, a silicon oxide film is provided as the first insulating film and a silicon dioxide film is provided as the second insulating film. It is possible to provide a silicon nitride film as the first insulating film and a silicon oxide film as the third insulating film.

[0315] An example of the semiconductor layer 5262, the semiconductor layer 5303a, and the semiconductor layer 5303b is a non-single layer. Crystalline semiconductors (amorphous silicon, polycrystalline silicon, microcrystalline silicon, etc.) , single crystal semiconductor, compound semiconductor or oxide semiconductor (ZnO, InGaZnO, SiG e, GaAs, IZO, ITO, SnO), organic semiconductors, carbon nanotubes, etc. There is.

[0316] For example, the region 5262a is an intrinsic semiconductor layer 5262 to which no impurities are added. However, a small amount of impurity is added to the region 5262a. The impurity added to the region 5262a can be added to the region 5262b, 5262c, 5262d, or 5262e. The regions 5262b and 5262d are preferably lightly doped with impurities. This region functions as an LDD (Lightly Doped Drain) region. However, the area 5262b and the area 5262d can be omitted. The regions 5262c and 5262e are regions in which impurities are added to the semiconductor layer 5262 at high concentration. The region functions as a source region or a drain region.

[0317] The semiconductor layer 5303b is a semiconductor layer to which phosphorus or the like is added as an impurity element. It has n-type conductivity.

[0318] When an oxide semiconductor or a compound semiconductor is used for the semiconductor layer 5303a, The semiconductor layer 5303b can be omitted.

[0319] An example of the insulating layer 5263, the insulating layer 5302, and the insulating layer 5356 is silicon oxide (Si O x ), silicon nitride (SiN x ), silicon oxynitride (SiO x N y)(x>y), silicon oxynitride SiN x O y ) (x>y) or a film containing oxygen or nitrogen, or a laminate structure thereof There are various types of structures.

[0320] Conductive layer 5264, conductive layer 5266, conductive layer 5268, conductive layer 5271, conductive layer 5301, Conductive layer 5304, conductive layer 5306, conductive layer 5308, conductive layer 5357, and conductive layer 53 An example of the conductive film 59 is a conductive film having a single layer structure or a laminated structure thereof. Examples of these include aluminum (Al), tantalum (Ta), titanium (Ti), and molybdenum (Mo). Mo, Tungsten (W), Neodymium (Nd), Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni ), platinum (Pt), gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), niobium (Nb), silicon (Si), iron (Fe), palladium (Pd), carbon (C), scandium (Sc), zinc (Zn), phosphorus (P), boron (B), arsenic (As ), gallium (Ga), indium (In), tin (Sn), and oxygen (O) A film of a single element selected from the group consisting of: Examples of the compound include one or more compounds selected from the above group. Alloys containing several elements (indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO) , indium tin oxide with silicon oxide (ITSO), zinc oxide (ZnO), tin oxide (Sn O), cadmium tin oxide (CTO), aluminum neodymium (Al-Nd), magnesium silver ( Mg-Ag), Molybdenum Niobium (Mo-Nb), Molybdenum Tungsten (Mo-W) , molybdenum-tantalum (Mo-Ta) alloy materials, one or more selected from the above group is a compound of multiple elements and nitrogen (nitrides such as titanium nitride, tantalum nitride, molybdenum nitride, etc. film), or a compound of silicon with one or more elements selected from the above group (tungsten Stensilicide, titanium silicide, nickel silicide, aluminum silicon, molybdenum Other examples include carbon nanotubes, organic nanoparticles, and silicon silicide films. Nanotube materials include nanotubes, inorganic nanotubes, or metallic nanotubes.

[0321] Silicon (Si) is doped with n-type impurities (such as phosphorus) or p-type impurities (such as boron). It is possible to include

[0322] When copper is used as a conductive layer, it is recommended to use a laminated structure to improve adhesion. is preferred.

[0323] The conductive layer in contact with the oxide semiconductor or silicon may be formed using molybdenum or titanium. It is preferable to use

[0324] By using an alloy material of neodymium and aluminum as the conductive layer, This makes it less likely for the nium to cause hillocks.

[0325] When a semiconductor material such as silicon is used as the conductive layer, The material can be formed simultaneously with the semiconductor layer of the transistor.

[0326] In addition, ITO, IZO, ITSO, ZnO, Si, SnO, CTO, or carbon nanotubes Since the tubes and the like have light-transmitting properties, these materials can be used for the pixel electrode, the counter electrode, or the common electrode. It can be used in light-transmitting parts such as electrodes.

[0327] In addition, by using a low resistance material (such as aluminum) to form a laminated structure, The resistance of the wire can be reduced.

[0328] In addition, a low heat-resistant material (such as aluminum) may be replaced with a high heat-resistant material (such as molybdenum). By using a laminated structure sandwiching low heat resistant materials (such as tantalum, titanium, neodymium, etc.), This makes it possible to improve the heat resistance of wiring, electrodes, etc. while taking advantage of the advantages of the material.

[0329] In addition, materials that react with other materials and change their properties are treated as materials that do not react easily with those other materials. For example, ITO and aluminum can be used to sandwich or cover the When connecting the ITO and aluminum, neodymium alloy, titanium, molybdenum For example, when connecting silicon and aluminum, Neodymium alloy, titanium, or molybdenum can be sandwiched between silicon and aluminum. These materials can be used for wiring, electrodes, conductive layers, conductive films, terminals, vias, plugs, etc. It can be used anywhere.

[0330] Insulating layer 5265, insulating layer 5267, insulating layer 5269, insulating layer 5305, and insulating layer 535 An example of the insulating film 8 is a single-layer insulating film or a laminated structure of these insulating films. One example is silicon oxide (SiO x ), silicon nitride (SiN x ), or silicon oxynitride ( SiO x N y ) (x>y), silicon oxynitride (SiN x O y ) (x>y) or Nitrogen-containing films, carbon-containing films such as DLC (diamond-like carbon), or siloxane San resin, epoxy, polyimide, polyamide, polyvinylphenol, benzocyclobutene Examples of the material include organic materials such as acrylic and the like.

[0331] An example of the light-emitting layer 5270 is an organic EL element or an inorganic EL element. An example of the element is a hole injection layer made of a hole injection material, a hole transport layer made of a hole transport material, a light-emitting layer made of a light-emitting material; an electron transport layer made of an electron transport material; A single layer structure of an electron injection layer, or a layer in which a plurality of materials among these materials are mixed, or These include laminated structures.

[0332] Examples of the liquid crystal layer 5307 include nematic liquid crystal, cholesteric liquid crystal, and smectic liquid crystal. Crystals, discotic liquid crystals, thermotropic liquid crystals, lyotropic liquid crystals, low molecular weight liquid crystals, high Molecular liquid crystal, polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), ferroelectric liquid crystal, antiferroelectric liquid crystal, main chain liquid crystal, side Examples include chain-type polymer liquid crystals, plasma-addressed liquid crystals (PALC), and banana-shaped liquid crystals. The liquid crystal driving method is TN (Twisted Nematic) mode. mode, STN (Super Twisted Nematic) mode, IPS (In-P lane-Switching) mode, FFS(Fringe Field Switching) mode, ching) mode, MVA(Multi-domain Vertical Alig) nment) mode, PVA(Patterned Vertical Alignme) nt) mode, ASV (Advanced Super View) mode, ASM (A xially Symmetric aligned Micro-cell) mode, OCB(Optically Compensated Birefringence) Mode, ECB (Electrically Controlled Birefringence ence) mode, FLC (Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal al) mode, AFLC (AntiFerroelectric Liquid Cry stal) mode, PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal Crystal mode, guest host mode, Blue Phase mode etc.

[0333] Note that an insulating layer functioning as an alignment film is provided over the insulating layer 5305 and the conductive layer 5306. It is possible to form an insulating layer or the like that functions as a protrusion.

[0334] Note that a color filter, a black matrix, or a protrusion may be formed on the conductive layer 5308. An insulating layer or the like that functions as an alignment film can be formed under the conductive layer 5308. It is possible to form an insulating layer that acts as a barrier.

[0335] In the cross-sectional structure of FIG. 21(A), the insulating layer 5269, the light-emitting layer 5270, and the conductive layer 21(B) is omitted, and the liquid crystal layer 5307 and the conductive layer 5308 are formed on the insulating layer 526. 7 and on conductive layer 5268.

[0336] In the cross-sectional structure of FIG. 21(B), the liquid crystal layer 5307 and the conductive layer 5308 are omitted. 21(A) is formed on the insulating layer 530. 5 and on the conductive layer 5306.

[0337] In the cross-sectional structure of FIG. 21C, the insulating layer 5358 and the conductive layer 5359 are 21(A), an insulating layer 5269, a light-emitting layer 5270, and a conductive layer 5271 are formed. Alternatively, the liquid crystal layer 5307 and the conductive layer 5308 shown in FIG. 21(B) may be formed as an insulating layer. It can be formed on 5267 and on conductive layer 5268.

[0338] (Embodiment 11) In this embodiment, an example of an electronic device will be described.

[0339] 22(A) to 22(H) and 23(A) to 23(D) are diagrams showing electronic devices. These electronic devices include a housing 5000, a display unit 5001, a speaker 5003, an LED Lamp 5004, operation keys 5005 (including a power switch or an operation switch), connection terminal Child 5006, sensor 5007 (force, displacement, position, velocity, acceleration, angular velocity, number of rotations, distance, Light, liquid, magnetism, temperature, chemical substances, sound, time, hardness, electric field, current, voltage, power, radiation, (including functions to measure flow rate, humidity, gradient, vibration, odor or infrared rays), 5008, etc.

[0340] FIG. 22(A) shows a mobile computer, which includes, in addition to the above components, a switch 5009, It may have an infrared port 5010, etc. FIG. 22(B) shows a portable device equipped with a recording medium. A type of image reproducing device (for example, a DVD reproducing device), which, in addition to the above, also has a second display 22(C) shows a GOG In addition to the above, the display includes a second display unit 5002, a support unit 5012, The game machine may have earphones 5013, etc. FIG. 22(D) shows a portable game machine. In addition to the above, it can have a recording medium reading unit 5011, etc. In addition to the components described above, the projector includes a light source 5033, a projection lens 5034, etc. FIG. 22(F) shows a portable gaming machine, which, in addition to the above, has a second display unit 22(G) shows a television receiver. In addition to the components described above, the image sensor may also include a tuner, an image processor, etc. 22(H) is a portable television receiver, which, in addition to the above, is capable of transmitting and receiving signals. 23A is a display, and the above-mentioned In addition to the above, it may have a support stand 5018, etc. In addition to the above, an external connection port 5019, a shutter button 5015, an image receiving unit 5016, etc. FIG. 23(C) is a computer, In addition, there are a pointing device 5020, an external connection port 5019, a reader / writer 5 021, etc. FIG. 23(D) shows a mobile phone, which can have the above-mentioned 2, an antenna 5014, a 1-segment partial reception service tuner for mobile phones and mobile terminals It may have a lens, etc.

[0341] The electronic devices shown in FIGS. 22(A) to 22(H) and 23(A) to 23(D) are various For example, various information (still images, videos, text images, etc.) Function to display on the display, touch panel function, calendar, date or time, etc. Functions, functions to control processing by various software (programs), wireless communication functions, The ability to connect to various computer networks using wireless communication functions, The function of transmitting or receiving various data using the program or The data can be read out and displayed on the display unit. In electronic devices with displays, one display is used primarily to display image information, and another is used A function that mainly displays text information on one display unit, or a function that takes parallax into account on multiple displays By displaying an image, it is possible to have a function of displaying a three-dimensional image. In electronic devices with an image receiving unit, there are functions for taking still images, taking videos, and The function to automatically or manually correct the captured image, and to save the captured image to a recording medium (external or camera). It can have functions such as saving the captured image to a built-in memory, displaying the captured image on the display, etc. Note that the electronic devices shown in FIGS. 22(A) to 22(H) and 23(A) to 23(D) The functions that can be possessed by the are not limited to these, and the function can have various functions.

[0342] The electronic device described in this embodiment has a display unit for displaying some information. It is characterized by:

[0343] Next, application examples of the semiconductor device will be described.

[0344] FIG. 23(E) shows an example in which a semiconductor device is integrated with a building. ) includes a housing 5022, a display unit 5023, a remote control device 5024 as an operation unit, and a speaker 5025. 025, etc. The semiconductor device is a wall-mounted type that is integrated with the building, and the installation space is limited. It can be installed without requiring a large space.

[0345] FIG. 23(F) shows another example in which a semiconductor device is provided inside a building as an integral part of the building. The display panel 5026 is attached to the unit bath 5027 as a unit. The display panel 5026 becomes viewable.

[0346] In this embodiment, a wall and a unit bath are used as examples of buildings. The manner in which the semiconductor device is installed is not limited to this, and the semiconductor device can be installed in various buildings.

[0347] Next, an example in which the semiconductor device is integrated with a moving object will be described.

[0348] 23G is a diagram showing an example in which the semiconductor device is provided in an automobile. 5028 is attached to the body 5029 of the automobile, and is The information entered can be displayed on demand. It may be possible.

[0349] FIG. 23(H) is a diagram showing an example in which a semiconductor device is integrated with a passenger airplane. FIG. 23(H) shows a passenger plane with a display panel 5031 mounted on a ceiling 5030 above the seats. The display panel 5031 is attached to the ceiling 50. 30 and the hinge part 5032 are attached together, and the extension and contraction of the hinge part 5032 This allows passengers to view the display panel 5031. The display panel 5031 is operated by passengers. It has the function of displaying information by

[0350] In this embodiment, the moving body is exemplified by an automobile body and an airplane body. However, this is not limited to motorcycles, four-wheeled vehicles (including cars, buses, etc.), trains (monorails, etc.), It can be installed on a variety of things, including buildings, railways, ships, etc. [Explanation of symbols]

[0351] 101 Circuit 102 circuits 102a Circuit 102b circuit 103a Switch 103b Switch 104a Switch 104b Switch 301 area 302 areas 303 areas 1001 Equipment 1002 Point light source 1003 Threshold 1004 Threshold 1005 Spacer 1006 Vertical pitch 1007 Horizontal pitch 1011 Diffuser 1012 Display panel 1013 height 1014 height 1015 interval 1102 Surface light source 1103 Line light source 1104 Light guide plate 1105 bottom 1106 Fluorescent tube (cathode tube) 1107 Diffuser 5000 cabinets 5001 Display section 5002 2nd display section 5003 Speaker 5004 LED lamp 5005 Operation key 5006 Connection terminal 5007 Sensor 5008 Microphone 5009 Switch 5010 Infrared port 5011 Recording medium reading unit 5012 Support part 5013 Earphones 5015 Shutter button 5016 Image receiving unit 5018 Support stand 5019 External connection port 5020 pointing device 5021 Reader / Writer 5022 Housing 5023 Display section 5024 Remote control device 5025 Speaker 5026 Display Panel 5027 Unit bath 5028 Display Panel 5029 Car Body 5030 Ceiling 5031 Display Panel 5032 Hinge part 5033 Light source 5034 Projection lens 5080 pixels 5081 Transistor 5082 Liquid crystal element 5083 Capacitor 5084 Wiring 5085 Wiring 5086 Wiring 5087 Wiring 5101 dashed line 5102 solid line 5103 dashed line 5104 Solid line 5105 solid line 5106 Solid line 5107 Solid line 5108 Solid line 5121 images 5121a Image 5121b Image 5122 images 5122a Image 5122b image 5123 images 5123a Image 5123b Image 5124 area 5125 area 5126 area 5127 Motion Vector 5128 Image Generation Vectors 5129 area 5130 Object 5131 area 5260 board 5261 Insulation layer 5262 Semiconductor layer 5262a area 5262b area 5262c area 5262d area 5262e area 5263 Insulation layer 5264 Conductive layer 5265 Insulation layer 5266 Conductive layer 5267 Insulation layer 5268 Conductive layer 5269 Insulation layer 5270 luminous layer 5271 Conductive layer 5273 Insulation layer 5300 board 5301 Conductive layer 5302 Insulation layer 5303a Semiconductor layer 5303b Semiconductor layer 5304 Conductive layer 5305 Insulation layer 5306 Conductive layer 5307 Liquid crystal layer 5308 Conductive layer 5350 area 5351 area 5352 Semiconductor substrate 5353 area 5354 Insulation layer 5355 area 5356 Insulation layer 5357 Conductive layer 5358 Insulation layer 5359 Conductive layer 5360 video signal 5361 Circuit 5361a circuit 5361b circuit 5362 Circuit 5362a Circuit 5362b circuit 5363 Circuit 5364 Pixel section 5365 Circuit 5366 Lighting equipment 5367 pixels 5371 Wiring 5372 Wiring 5373 Wiring 5380 PCB 5381 input terminal

Claims

[Claim 1] a first step of performing frame interpolation processing using image data; a second step of performing a first super-resolution process on the m-th frame using the image data; a third step of performing a second super-resolution process on the (m+1)th frame (m is a natural number equal to or greater than 1) generated in the first step; a fourth step of performing edge enhancement processing using the data generated in the second step and the data generated in the third step; a fifth step of performing overdrive processing using the data generated in the fourth step, The second step is carried out after the first step, A method for driving a display device, wherein the first step and the third step are performed simultaneously.

Images