Charging system and emergency start device

Abstract

To provide a charging system for implementing stable output and an emergency start device.SOLUTION: A charging system 100 includes a charging input interface, a switching circuit having an inductor and a first and second switches, a first voltage acquisition circuit, and a control circuit 13. The charging input interface is electrically connected to the inductor and the inductor is further respectively connected to the first switch and the second switch. The second switch is electrically connected to an energy storage power supply. The first voltage acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the second switch and detects first voltage output by the charging system in real time. The control circuit cyclically controls switch on / off time of the first switch based on the first voltage. During a charging process of the charging system and when the first voltage is less than a first preset voltage value, the control circuit controls the first switch to conduct and starts cyclic control, where the state of the first switch is opposite to that of the second switch and the second switch is in an on-state when the first switch is in an off-state.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, and more particularly to charging systems and emergency start devices. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventional charging systems for automobile emergency start power supplies typically use dedicated charging control chips, which require matching parameters between the charger used and the charging circuit inside the automobile emergency start power supply. For example, if the charging circuit parameters are set to 5V 2A 10W, users must use a charger with a capacity of 5V 2A or higher.

[0003] However, if the charger does not match the rated charging specifications, for example, if the charger's power is lower than the rated charging power, the charger will enter a protection state due to insufficient power, preventing normal charging and risking damage. Also, if the charger's power is higher than the rated charging power, the charger's power cannot be fully utilized, reducing charging efficiency and lengthening charging times. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In view of this, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a charging system and an emergency start device that can stably output power based on the power of the charging circuit inside the emergency start power supply of the automobile, thereby maximizing charging efficiency, etc. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] According to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a charging system for use in charging a storage power source.

[0006] The charging system includes a charging input interface, an inductor, a first switch, a second switch, a first voltage collection circuit, and a control circuit; the charging input interface is electrically connected to a first end of the inductor; a second end of the inductor electrically connected to a first end of the first switch and a first end of the second switch, respectively; a second end of the first switch is electrically connected to a ground terminal, and a second end of the second switch is electrically connected to the storage power source; the first voltage collecting circuit is electrically connected to the second end of the second switch and configured to detect a first voltage output by the charging system in real time; the control circuit is electrically connected to the first voltage collecting circuit and the control end of the first switch, respectively, and the control circuit cyclically controls the on and off times of the first switch based on the first voltage; During the charging process of the charging system, when the first voltage is smaller than a first predetermined voltage value, the control circuit controls the first switch to be on to start cyclic control, and when the first switch is in an on state, the second switch is in an off state, and when the first switch is in an off state, the second switch is in an on state.

[0007] According to a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an emergency start device, the emergency start device including a storage power source and the charging system, wherein a second end of the second switch is electrically connected to the storage power source. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] The embodiments of the present disclosure have the following technical effects. A charging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a charging input interface, an inductor, a first switch, a second switch, a first voltage collecting circuit, and a control circuit. The charging input interface is electrically connected to the inductor, which is connected to the first switch and the second switch, respectively. The second switch is electrically connected to a storage power source, and the first voltage collecting circuit is electrically connected to the second switch and configured to detect a first voltage output by the charging system in real time. The control circuit cyclically controls the on and off times of the first switch based on the first voltage. During charging by the charging system, if the first voltage is lower than a first predetermined voltage value, the control circuit turns on the first switch to initiate cyclic control. When the first switch is on, the second switch is off, and when the first switch is off, the second switch is on. With this charging system, if the first voltage output from the charging system is lower than the first predetermined voltage value, the control circuit turns on the first switch to adjust the output of the charging system, thereby achieving stable output. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] In order to more clearly explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following briefly introduces the drawings required in the embodiments. Note that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present disclosure, and should not be considered as limiting the scope. Those skilled in the art can obtain other related drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort. [Figure 1] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a charging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is another structural schematic diagram of a charging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a first voltage collecting circuit of a charging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a switching circuit of a charging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5]1A and 1B are structural schematic diagrams of a voltage step-up unit and a voltage step-down unit, respectively, of a charging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a synchronous / asynchronous buck-boost unit of a charging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a second control circuit configured by a totem-pole driving discrete circuit in a charging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a second control circuit configured by an integrated circuit in a charging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery protection unit of a charging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; [Figure 10] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an emergency start device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] The technical solutions according to the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Needless to say, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, but not all embodiments.

[0011] Generally, the assemblies according to the embodiments of the present disclosure described or shown in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure shown in the drawings below does not limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure, but merely illustrates the embodiments selected in the present disclosure. All other embodiments that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present disclosure without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0012] As used herein, the terms "comprise," "have," and their cognates as used in various embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to refer only to certain features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, assemblies, or combinations thereof, and one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, assemblies, or combinations thereof may be present, and one or more additional features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, assemblies, or combinations thereof may be present. Additionally, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" is for distinction purposes only and does not denote or imply relative importance.

[0013] Unless otherwise specified, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the various embodiments of the present disclosure belong. The terms (terms defined in commonly used dictionaries) are interpreted as meanings in the context of the relevant technical field, and are not interpreted as having ideal or overly formal meanings unless clearly limited in the various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0014] Hereinafter, several embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Unless inconsistent, the following examples and configurations in the examples can be combined with each other.

[0015] FIG. 1 shows a structural schematic diagram of a charging system 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] For example, the charging system 100 is used to charge the storage power source 200 and mainly includes a charging input interface 11, a switching circuit 14, a first voltage collecting circuit 12, and a control circuit 13. Here, the switching circuit 14 includes an inductor, a first switch, and a second switch. Specifically, the charging input interface 11 is electrically connected to a first end of the inductor, a second end of the inductor is electrically connected to a first end of the first switch and a first end of the second switch, respectively, a second end of the first switch is electrically connected to ground, and a second end of the second switch is electrically connected to the storage power source 200. The first voltage collecting circuit 12 is electrically connected to the second end of the second switch and is configured to detect a first voltage output by the charging system 100 in real time. The control circuit 13 is electrically connected to the first voltage collecting circuit 12 and the control end of the first switch, respectively. For example, the storage power source 200 may be, but is not limited to, a vehicle emergency start power source.

[0017] In this embodiment, the charging input interface 11 is a Universal Serial Bus connector configured to be connected to an external charger to charge the storage power source 200. For example, the charging input interface 11 includes a first pin, a second pin, and a third pin, where the first pin is a positive terminal (used to connect to the positive terminal of the power supply VCC), the second pin is a negative terminal (used to connect to the negative terminal of the power supply or the ground terminal GND), and the third pin is a signal terminal. The third pin is used to communicate with the external charger, for example, to activate a function such as fast charging of the external charger, so that the external charger can output different voltages to the charging system 100. The voltages may range from 3.3V to 28V, such as 5V, 9V, 12V, 15V, 20V, and 28V. The first predetermined voltage value may be set based on the voltage required for the storage power source 200. For example, if the storage power source 200 is composed of four batteries connected in series, the first predetermined voltage value may be set to 16.8V.

[0018] The structural design of the charging input interface 11 is determined by the type of interface used to connect to an external charger. For example, it can be connected via different types of interfaces, such as USB 2.0 / 3.0, USB Type-A / B / C, Lightning, etc. Taking the USB Type-C connector as an example, the charging input interface 11 can be used to connect to a normal USB charger (i.e., one that does not support the fast charging protocol) or a USB charger that supports the QC (Quick Charge) fast charging protocol.

[0019] Optionally, to improve the overcurrent capability of the first and second pins, the hardware structure of the charging input interface 11 can use multiple pins in parallel. Alternatively, to allow the charging input interface 11 to operate normally in both normal and reverse insertion (for example, when using USB Type-C), the hardware structure of the third pin can be designed as two pins, such as the CC1 and CC2 pins shown in FIG. 2, and the output of the external charger can be controlled by an external resistor or an external protocol chip.

[0020] Taking an external resistor as an example, as shown in FIG. 2, in one embodiment, charging system 100 includes a first resistor (i.e., R8 and R9 in FIG. 2), one end of the first resistor electrically connected to pin 3 and the other end of the first resistor electrically connected to pin 2. For example, an external charger typically outputs a rated voltage, such as 5V. When connected to a PD charger, the PD charger outputs 5V to charging system 100 through the cooperation of external resistors CC1 and CC2. At this time, control circuit 13 outputs a corresponding control signal, such as a PWM control signal with a minimum duty cycle (e.g., 5%), to turn on switch 1, thereby causing charging system 100 to output a voltage value (i.e., the first voltage).

[0021] Taking the protocol chip as an example, in another embodiment, the charging system 100 includes a protocol chip, which is electrically connected to the third pin, and is used to control the voltage between the first and second pins to be within the range of 3.3 V to 28 V. The model number or implementation of the protocol chip is not limited herein.

[0022] For example, in one possible embodiment, the protocol chip is a microprocessor. Considering that the control circuit 13 in the charging system 100 may also include a microprocessor MCU, in this case, one microprocessor MCU can be shared to achieve effects such as cost reduction. Thus, the aforementioned third pin is electrically connected to the control circuit 13 and can receive a control signal from the control circuit 13 to enable the external PD charger to output voltage to the charging system 100.

[0023] Alternatively, when connected to a USB charger that supports fast charging protocols, the charging input interface 11 may further include a fourth pin and a fifth pin, which correspond to, for example, the D+ and D- signal pins of a USB Type-C interface (shown in FIG. 2 ), and are connected to two pins (i.e., signals ICPCK D+ and ICPCK D-) of the control circuit 13, configured to realize communication between the control circuit 13 and the fast charger and enable the output of fast charging voltage, for example, to realize fast charging protocols such as Qualcomm's QC2.0 and QC3.0.

[0024] In this embodiment, the first voltage collecting circuit 12 is coupled to the output terminal of the charging system 100 and configured to collect the output voltage of the charging system 100 (i.e., the first voltage). When the charging system 100 is connected to an external charger and starts to operate, the control circuit 13 outputs a corresponding control signal to control the first switch to be on, and the charging system 100 outputs a voltage value. At this time, the first voltage collecting circuit 12 can collect the corresponding first voltage. For example, in one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the first voltage collecting circuit 12 includes sampling resistors R30 and R31 and a capacitor C7, where one end of the sampling resistor R30 is configured to be connected to the output terminal of the charging system 100 (i.e., SYS_VCC in FIG. 3), and one end of the capacitor C7 is configured to be connected to one signal pin of the control circuit 13 (i.e., BAT_VFB in FIG. 3).

[0025] In this embodiment, the control circuit 13 is configured to cyclically control the on and off times of the first switch based on the first voltage. For example, during the charging process of the charging system 100, if the first voltage is lower than a first predetermined voltage value, the control circuit 13 turns on the first switch to initiate cyclic control. Alternatively, if the second switch is a directly controllable element, the control circuit 13 must control the first switch to be on and the second switch to be off. When entering cyclic control, the control circuit 13 controls both the states of the first switch and the second switch, where the first switch and the second switch are in opposite states, i.e., when the first switch is on, the second switch is off, and when the first switch is off, the second switch is on. The first switch and the second switch are used together to realize synchronous or asynchronous boost voltage conversion, and the second switch mainly affects the subsequent current. The control of the first switch described above may be determined by taking into account other parameters, such as voltage and current, in addition to the first voltage.

[0026] In this embodiment, the first switch may be a MOS transistor or the like. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the switching circuit 14 includes an inductor L1, a diode D1 (i.e., the second switch), a MOS transistor Q2 (i.e., the first switch), and a resistor R12. Here, the first terminal of the first switch Q2 is the drain of the MOS transistor, the second terminal is the source of the MOS transistor, and the third terminal electrically connected to the control circuit 13 is the gate of the MOS transistor. Note that the connection mode shown in FIG. 4 is merely one possible example of the switching circuit 14 and is not the only limitation. Specifically, the connection mode can be adaptively adjusted based on the model number and positional relationship of the MOS transistor, etc.

[0027] Based on the fact that the first switch is a MOS transistor, in one embodiment, the control signal for controlling the first switch may be a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control signal or the like. Specifically, when the control circuit 13 detects that the first voltage is lower than a first predetermined voltage value, the control circuit 13 outputs a PWM control signal to control the switching circuit 14 to increase the on-time within one cycle, thereby increasing the output voltage of the charging system to the first predetermined voltage value (i.e., the constant voltage value required for the storage power source 200). Conversely, when the control circuit 13 selectively detects that the first voltage is higher than the first predetermined voltage value, the control circuit 13 outputs a PWM control signal to control the first switch to decrease the on-time within one cycle, thereby decreasing the output voltage of the charging system to the first predetermined voltage value. The first predetermined voltage value is typically related to the end-of-charge voltage of the storage power source 200 and may be set to, for example, 12.6 V to 16.8 V.

[0028] The switching circuit 14, which is composed of the first switch and the second switch, may form a step-up conversion unit or a step-down conversion unit. For example, in a step-up situation, as shown in Figure 5(a), a first terminal of the inductor is connected to the input terminal of the charging system 100, and two switches are provided adjacent to the output terminal of the charging system 100 and are both connected to the second terminal of the inductor. In a step-down situation, as shown in Figure 5(b), two switches are provided adjacent to the input terminal of the charging system 100 and are both connected to the first terminal of the inductor, and the second terminal of the inductor is connected to the output terminal of the charging system 100.

[0029] The second switch may be a diode or a MOS transistor. Taking a diode as an example, as shown in FIG. 4, the first terminal of the second switch (i.e., D1 in FIG. 4) is the anode of the diode, and the second terminal of the second switch (D1) is the cathode of the diode. Alternatively, taking a MOS transistor as an example, the control terminal of the second switch (D1) is connected to the control circuit 13, and the first terminal of the second switch (D1) may be the drain, and the second terminal may be the source. The connection relationship between the drain and the source may be adaptively adjusted according to actual needs.

[0030] If the second switch is a diode, the first and second switches are controlled in asynchronous mode. This is because a diode has unidirectional conduction characteristics, and in this case, the control circuit 13 only needs to control the first switch. Correspondingly, the diode adaptively turns on / off according to the direction of the current passing through it, and therefore the on / off state is opposite to that of the first switch. If the second switch is a MOS transistor, the first and second switches are controlled in synchronous mode, i.e., the control circuit 13 outputs two completely complementary PWM control signals to control the first and second switches, respectively.

[0031] In one optional aspect, considering that the charging system 100 may be applied to functions requiring both voltage step-up and voltage step-down, in one embodiment, the charging system 100 further includes a third switch and a fourth switch. As shown in Fig. 6, a first end of the third switch is electrically connected to the charging input interface 11, a second end of the third switch is electrically connected to a first end of the inductor and a first end of the fourth switch, respectively, a second end of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the ground end, and a control end of the third switch is electrically connected to the control circuit 13, which is used to cyclically control the on and off times of the third switch based on the first voltage.

[0032] During the startup process of the charging system 100, these four switches are controlled mainly based on the input voltage of the charging system 100 and the magnitude of the first predetermined voltage value. For example, if the input voltage of the charging system 100 is detected to be greater than the first predetermined voltage value, the charging system 100 operates in a step-down mode. In this case, the third switch and the fourth switch are controlled by the PWM signal output from the control circuit 13. Conversely, if the input voltage is detected to be less than the first predetermined voltage value, the charging system 100 operates in a step-up mode. In this case, the third switch is in an ON state, the fourth switch is in an OFF state, and the first switch and the second switch are controlled by the PWM signal output from the control circuit 13. After the startup of the charging system 100 is completed, the charging system 100 begins the process of charging the storage power source. Here, the states of the third switch and the fourth switch are reversed. That is, when the third switch is in an ON state, the fourth switch is in an OFF state, and when the third switch is in an OFF state, the fourth switch is in an ON state.

[0033] In one embodiment, during the charging process of the charging system, if the charging system 100 detects that the first voltage is lower than a first predetermined voltage value, the control circuit 13 turns the third switch on and the fourth switch off. Conversely, if the charging system 100 detects that the first voltage is higher than the first predetermined voltage value, the first switch is off and the control circuit 13 turns the third switch off to initiate cyclic control. Furthermore, if the control circuit 13 detects that the output voltage is higher than a predetermined value, i.e., the output voltage is too high, the control circuit 13 switches the third switch from its previous on state to its off state to reduce the output power. Furthermore, if the fourth switch is a MOS transistor, the states of the third switch and the fourth switch are synchronously controlled.

[0034] In another embodiment, exemplarily, during the charging process of the charging system 100, the four switches can be controlled based on the magnitudes of the input voltage and output voltage of the charging system 100. For example, if the charging system 100 detects that the input voltage is greater than the output voltage (i.e., the first voltage), the first switch is turned off and the second switch is turned on, i.e., the boost section is deactivated (i.e., not boosting), and the control circuit 13 maintains the first voltage equal to the first predetermined voltage by cyclically controlling the on and off of the third and fourth switches based on the relationship between the first voltage and a first predetermined voltage value. Conversely, if the charging system 100 detects that the input voltage is less than the output voltage, the third switch is turned on and the fourth switch is turned off, i.e., the buck section is deactivated (i.e., not bucking), and the control circuit 13 controls the first and second switches to be cyclically on and off.

[0035] Furthermore, based on the third switch being a MOS transistor, in some embodiments, the control signal for controlling the third switch may be a PWM control signal or the like. Similar to the first and second switches described above, in some embodiments, the third switch may be a MOS transistor, and the fourth switch may be a diode or a MOS transistor. Here, if the fourth switch is a diode, the first terminal of the fourth switch is the cathode of the diode, and the second terminal of the fourth switch is the anode of the diode. Similarly, if the fourth switch is a diode, the third and fourth switches are controlled in an asynchronous mode. Note that, since a diode has a unidirectional conduction characteristic, the control circuit 13 only needs to control the third switch, and the diode correspondingly adaptively turns on / off according to the direction of the current passing through it, opposite to the on / off state of the third switch. If the fourth switch is a MOS transistor, the third and fourth switches are controlled in a synchronous mode, i.e., the control circuit 13 outputs two completely complementary PWM control signals to control the third and fourth switches, respectively.

[0036] 1 can be described as a boost conversion unit, a buck conversion unit, or a buck-boost conversion unit, each of which further includes an asynchronous mode and a synchronous mode. In other words, the switching circuit 14 can be a synchronous boost unit, an asynchronous boost unit, a synchronous buck unit, or an asynchronous buck unit.

[0037] Optionally, the charging system 100 may further include a first capacitor, one end of which is electrically connected to the second end of the second switch and the other end of which is electrically connected to the ground. The first capacitor serves as an output capacitor at the output end of the charging system 100, serving to store electrical energy and also perform filtering. The number of first capacitors described herein is merely an example and may be configured based on actual needs and is not limited herein. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the first capacitors include C13 and C23. A second capacitor may be provided before the switching circuit 14 as an input capacitor of the charging system 100, such as capacitors C4, C5, C6, and C10 shown in FIG. 4.

[0038] In this embodiment, the control circuit 13 is configured to cyclically control the on and off of the first switch. For example, the control circuit 13 may be implemented as a control chip capable of driving MOS transistors, or the control chip and the driving circuit may be separated. In one embodiment, the control circuit 13 includes a first control circuit and a second control circuit. The first control circuit is electrically connected to the first voltage collecting circuit 12, and the second control circuit is electrically connected to the first control circuit and the control terminal of the first switch, respectively. The first control circuit generates a first control signal based on the first voltage and sends the first control signal to the second control circuit. This allows the second control circuit to cyclically control the on and off times of the first switch based on the first control signal. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the first control circuit may be a microprocessor, and the second control circuit may be a driving circuit for increasing the voltage and current intensity of a driving signal (e.g., a PWM signal), i.e., increasing the driving capability. For example, the second control circuit controls the on time of the first switch by outputting a PWM control signal to the first switch.

[0039] For example, in one embodiment, the second control circuit may be configured with discrete components, such as a totem-pole drive circuit. As shown in Figure 7, the second control circuit includes resistors R51 and R53 and common-emitter transistors Q9 and Q11. Here, the first end of resistor R51 is used to input a signal (i.e., a first control signal) from the microprocessor MCU, and the common emitter outputs a PWM signal for driving the first switch.

[0040] Of course, in some other embodiments, the second control circuit may be realized by a circuit in the form of an integrated circuit, and as shown in Figure 8, for driving the first switch, the second control circuit can be realized by an integrated chip U9 and a peripheral circuit consisting of capacitors C22, C23, C24, a diode D8, and resistors R18, R20, etc., and further connected to the control circuit 13 via a pin PWMA. Optionally, if the second switch is also a MOS transistor, the second control circuit can further include an integrated chip U10 and a corresponding peripheral circuit consisting of capacitors C38, C41, C42, a diode D10, and resistors R23, R24, etc., and further connected to the control circuit 13 via a pin PWMB.

[0041] The control circuit 13 in this embodiment refers to programs, circuits, systems, and subsystems, whether implemented in hardware, tangibly implemented software, or both, and whether programmable or not. As used herein, the term "control circuit" includes, but is not limited to, one or more computing devices, hardwired circuits, signal conditioning devices and systems, control systems, microprocessors, programmable devices and systems, field programmable gate arrays, dedicated integrated circuits, systems on a chip, systems including discrete components and / or circuits, state machines, and any combination thereof.

[0042] In some other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 , the charging system 100 further includes a first current collecting circuit 16, which is electrically connected to the control circuit 13 and the charging input interface 11 and is used to detect a first current input from the charging input interface 11 (i.e., the input current of the charging system 100). The control circuit 13 controls the on and off times of the first switch based on the first voltage and / or the first current. In other words, the control circuit 13 may use one or a combination of the output voltage and input current of the charging system 100 to control the first switch, thereby controlling the charging system 100 to achieve constant current or constant voltage charging. For example, as shown in FIG. 2 , if the charging input interface 11 is a USB Type-C interface, the first current collecting circuit 16 includes resistors R7, R11, and R18, and one end of the resistor R18 (i.e., pin USB_IFB) is used to connect the microcontroller MCU in the control circuit 13.

[0043] In one embodiment, when the control circuit 13 detects that the first voltage is lower than a first predetermined voltage value and the first current is lower than a first predetermined current value, the control circuit 13 increases the PWM control signal output to increase the on-time of the first switch within one cycle. Note that increasing the PWM control signal increases the output voltage or input current of the charging system 100. Similar to the first predetermined voltage value, the first predetermined current value is related to the charging current of the storage power source 200 and can be set based on actual needs, without being limited thereto. For example, if the charging current of the storage power source 200 is 2 A, the first predetermined current value is typically set to 2 A.

[0044] Of course, in a situation where there are strict limitations on the output voltage or input current, in one embodiment, if it is detected that the first voltage is greater than a first predetermined voltage value or the first current is greater than a first predetermined current value, i.e., if the output voltage or input current is too large, the control circuit 13 reduces the PWM control signal to be output, for example, by reducing the duty cycle by 10 to 15%. Alternatively, if it is detected that the first voltage is greater than the first predetermined voltage value and the first current is greater than the first predetermined current value, i.e., if both cases are met simultaneously, the control circuit 13 adjusts the PWM control signal to reduce the on-time of the first switch within one cycle, i.e., reduce the output voltage or input current, thereby ensuring constant current / constant voltage charging.

[0045] 1 , the charging system 100 further includes a second voltage collecting circuit 15, which is electrically connected to the control circuit 13 and the charging input interface 11, respectively, and is used to detect a second voltage input from the charging input interface 11 (i.e., the input voltage of the charging system 100). The control circuit 13 controls the on and off times of the first switch based on the first voltage and / or the second voltage. In other words, the control circuit 13 may control the output of the charging system 100 by controlling the first switch using one or a combination of the input voltage and the output voltage of the charging system 100.

[0046] For example, as shown in FIG. 2, when the charging input interface 11 is a USB Type-C interface, the second voltage collection circuit 15 includes resistors R13 and R48, and the intermediate node of the resistors R13 and R48 (i.e., pin DCIN_VFB) is used to connect the microprocessor MCU in the control circuit 13.

[0047] When controlling the first switch, if the second voltage collecting circuit 15 detects that the second voltage is lower than the third predetermined voltage value, the charging system 100 decreases the PWM signal to reduce the output power. Conversely, if the second voltage is higher than the second predetermined voltage value, the charging system 100 increases the PWM signal to increase the output power. The charging system 100 can realize a self-adaptive charging function of the charger by making a comprehensive judgment based on the input voltage and output voltage.

[0048] For example, in one embodiment, when it is detected that the second voltage is smaller than a third predetermined voltage value and the duration that the second voltage is smaller than the third predetermined voltage value reaches a first predetermined time, the PWM control signal is controlled to decrease the on time of the first switch within one period.

[0049] The purpose of setting the first predetermined time is to prevent the charger from entering a protection state due to an overload during the process of dropping the second voltage. In other words, the first predetermined time needs to be set short so that the system can quickly respond and reduce the output. For example, the first predetermined time can be set in the range of 10 ms to 500 ms, e.g., 50 ms, 100 ms, etc.

[0050] For example, in one embodiment, when it is detected that the second voltage is higher than a second predetermined voltage value and the duration that the second voltage is higher than the second predetermined voltage value reaches a second predetermined time, the PWM control signal is controlled to increase the on time of the first switch within one period.

[0051] The purpose of setting the second predetermined time is to determine whether the external charger is in a stable load state and to increase power only when the external charger is reliably in a stable state. Therefore, the second predetermined time must be set to be longer than the first predetermined time. For example, the second predetermined time is set in the range of 10 ms to 1 s, such as 200 ms or 250 ms.

[0052] Furthermore, while the power should be increased when the output voltage of the charging system 100 is low, it is also necessary to determine whether the input voltage of the charging system 100 has reached a predetermined voltage, and the power increase is permitted only when the input voltage is greater than the predetermined voltage. For example, when it is detected that the first voltage is smaller than a first predetermined voltage value and the second voltage is greater than a second predetermined voltage value, the control circuit 13 outputs a PWM control signal to increase the on-time of the first switch within one period.

[0053] Further, optionally, to ensure the normal operation of the charging system 100, for example, when the second voltage is smaller than a third predetermined voltage value, the control circuit 13 outputs a PWM control signal to reduce the on-time of the first switch within one period, thereby reducing the power and increasing the second voltage. Note that when the second voltage is smaller than the third predetermined voltage value, the input is in an overload state (i.e., charger overload), so the power must be reduced regardless of whether the first voltage and the first current satisfy the first predetermined voltage and the first predetermined current. Since the third predetermined voltage value and the second predetermined voltage value are both artificially set, they may be set equal or unequal. In a preferred technical solution, there may be a difference between the third predetermined voltage value and the second predetermined voltage value.

[0054] As an optional embodiment, the control circuit 13 may further control the on and off times of the first switch based on the first voltage, the second voltage and / or the first current, i.e., realize control based on a combination or one of the first voltage, the first current and the second voltage.

[0055] For example, if it is detected that the first voltage is lower than a first predetermined voltage value, the first current is lower than a first predetermined current value, and the second voltage is higher than a second predetermined voltage value, the control circuit 13 can output a PWM control signal to control the first switch to increase the on-time within one cycle. Controlling the first switch while simultaneously considering the input voltage, input current, and output voltage enables the charging system to perform better self-adaptive charging with an external charger, thereby improving the charging efficiency of the energy storage power source 200. Conversely, if it is detected that the first voltage is higher than the first predetermined voltage value, the first current is higher than the first predetermined current value, or the second voltage is lower than a third predetermined voltage value, the control circuit 13 can control the first switch to decrease the on-time within one cycle using the PWM control signal.

[0056] Furthermore, when it is detected that the first voltage is equal to the first predetermined voltage value or the first current is equal to the first predetermined current value and the second voltage is greater than the third predetermined voltage value, the control circuit 13 maintains the PWM control signal of the first switch as it is. Furthermore, when the second voltage is between the second and third predetermined voltage values, the control circuit 13 maintains the first control signal as it is, thereby avoiding constant changes in output due to frequent adjustments of the duty ratio of the first switch. This is because the voltage quickly drops after the power increases, the drop causes the power to decrease, the voltage rises again due to the decrease in power, and the power increases again after the voltage rises again.

[0057] Preferably, the difference between the third predetermined voltage value and the second predetermined voltage value may be greater than 100 mV, such as 300 mV or 500 mV, and may be adaptively set based on actual needs. For example, if the constant voltage input by the external charger is 5 V, i.e., if the second voltage is 5 V, the second predetermined voltage value may be 4.6 V and the third predetermined voltage value may be 4.3 V. If the second voltage is 9 V, the second predetermined voltage value may be 8.3 V and the third predetermined voltage value may be 8.0 V. Alternatively, if the second voltage is 12 V, the second predetermined voltage value may be 11.0 V and the third predetermined voltage value may be 10.5 V. The second predetermined voltage value and the third predetermined voltage value change with changes in the second voltage.

[0058] In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , the charging system 100 further includes a second current collecting circuit 17, which is electrically connected to the control circuit 13 and the second end of the second switch, respectively, for detecting a second current output by the charging system 100. The control circuit 13 cyclically controls the on and off times of the first switch based on the first voltage and / or the second current. In other words, the control circuit 13 can control the charging system 100 to achieve constant voltage or constant current charging by controlling the first switch based on one or a combination of the output voltage and / or the output current of the charging system 100. For example, the second current collecting circuit 17 can obtain the second current output by the charging system 100 by sampling a signal at the second end (i.e., the output end) of the second switch through two sampling resistors connected in series (not shown) and transmitting the signal to the control circuit 13.

[0059] For example, in one embodiment, if the control circuit 13 detects that the first voltage is lower than a first predetermined voltage value and the second current is lower than a second predetermined current value (i.e., based on the first voltage and the second current), it outputs a PWM control signal to increase the on-time of the first switch within one cycle. That is, if the output voltage and output current of the charging system 100 are both lower than their set values, the control circuit 13 controls the PWM signal to increase, thereby increasing the output voltage or output current of the charging system 100. Alternatively, in another embodiment, if the control circuit 13 detects that the second current is higher than a second predetermined current value, i.e., if the output current is too high, the control circuit 13 controls the output current to decrease, thereby achieving constant current charging. Alternatively, the control circuit 13 can also control the output current based on the first voltage, the second voltage, and the second current, thereby more accurately achieving self-adaptive charging with an external charger. Here, the second predetermined current value and the first predetermined current value can be selected based on actual needs and may or may not be equal. For example, when constant current charging is required, the charging system 100 can determine this based on whether the first current has reached a first predetermined current value or whether the second current has reached a second predetermined current value, and then control the charging system 100 to enter a constant current operating mode.

[0060] When the charging system 100 includes the second voltage collecting circuit 15, the first current collecting circuit 16, and the second current collecting circuit 17, the control circuit 13 may control the first switch to increase, decrease, or maintain its on-time within one cycle based on a combination of two or more of the first voltage, second voltage, first current, and second current, which can be set based on actual needs. Comprehensively determining the four parameters of the first voltage, second voltage, first current, and second current enables self-adaptive charging with an external charger and better charging management for input current limiting, output current limiting (battery safety, lifespan), etc.

[0061] In addition, in consideration of system safety issues, in some other embodiments, the charging system 100 further includes a corresponding protection circuit, which performs charging protection (e.g., prohibiting input, charging, etc. of the charging system 100) when parameters such as the first voltage, the second voltage, the first current, and / or the second current do not meet the corresponding conditions.

[0062] For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the charging system 100 further includes a first protection circuit 18, which is used to prevent surge voltages and static electricity. The first protection circuit 18 may be located on a circuit connected to the input circuit in the charging system 100 or after the charging input interface 11, thereby providing surge protection when accessing an external charger. For example, the first protection circuit 18 may be implemented as a fuse, a discharge tube, or the like. As shown in FIG. 2, TVS diodes Z1 and Z2 provide surge protection at the input terminal, instantaneously absorbing surge currents to protect subsequent circuits.

[0063] 1 , the charging system 100 further includes a second protection circuit 19. The second protection circuit 19 is electrically connected to the charging input interface 11 and prevents the charging system 100 from charging when the second voltage is greater than a fourth predetermined voltage value and the duration of the second voltage value reaches a second predetermined time, i.e., when the input voltage of the charging system 100 exceeds the corresponding predetermined value for a certain period of time. For example, assuming that the second voltage normally outputs 5V, the second protection circuit 19 will perform charging protection when it detects that the second voltage is greater than 8V and has been present for 50ms.

[0064] As an optional embodiment, the second protection circuit 19 can also be combined with the control circuit 13 to realize input protection for the charging system 100. For example, the second protection circuit 19 is electrically connected to the control circuit 13 and the charging input interface 11. The control circuit 13 outputs a control signal to the second protection circuit 19 when the second voltage is greater than a third predetermined voltage value and its duration reaches a second predetermined time, thereby causing the second protection circuit 19 to prevent charging of the charging system 100. For example, as shown in FIG. 2 , the second protection circuit 19 includes resistors R46, R49, R50, a Zener diode D5, a transistor Q3, a MOS transistor Q5, and a capacitor C35. Here, the resistor R46 is connected in parallel with the Zener diode D5 and connected to the power supply input terminal DC_IN. The MOS transistor Q5 is in an off state when the second voltage is greater than 11 V, preventing DC_IN from being input through the charging input interface 11.

[0065] In another optional embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , the charging system 100 further includes a third protection circuit 20. Here, the third protection circuit 20 is electrically connected to the second end of the second switch, and when the first voltage is greater than a fifth predetermined voltage value and its duration reaches a third predetermined time, the third protection circuit 20 controls the first voltage to be equal to or less than a fifth predetermined voltage value. Note that the third protection circuit 20 is used to realize output protection of the charging system 100, and in particular, when the output voltage is too high (e.g., exceeds 17 V), it needs to be controlled within a safe voltage range. For example, the third protection circuit 20 includes a Zener diode or the like.

[0066] 1, the charging system 100 further includes a battery protection unit 23. The battery protection unit 23 is electrically connected to the second end of the second switch and is configured to reduce the on-time of the first switch after charging of the storage power source is completed, thereby reducing the output power or preventing charging, thereby achieving charging protection. This can improve the service life of the storage power source 200. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the battery protection unit 23 is a lithium battery protection unit 23, which includes a dedicated protection chip U1 for lithium batteries or polymer batteries and corresponding peripheral devices, and is connected to the battery socket CN1 to achieve charging protection.

[0067] 1 , the charging system 100 further includes a temperature sensor 21. The temperature sensor 21 is provided within a predetermined distance range of the first switch and / or the inductor. In other words, the temperature sensor 21 is provided within a predetermined distance range of the first switch and / or the inductor to detect the temperature of the switch and / or the inductor. By providing the temperature sensor 21 near the switch transistor and / or the inductor to detect the temperature of the power element, the control circuit 13 can shut down the charging system 100 to achieve temperature protection when the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature threshold (e.g., 90°C, 100°C, etc.).

[0068] 1, the charging system 100 further includes a charging status indicating circuit 22 that indicates the power value, charging status (e.g., charging, charging completed, etc.) and related parameters (e.g., first voltage, second voltage, first current, second current, temperature value) of the storage power source 200. Illustratively, the charging status indicating circuit 22 may be an LED lamp, a digital tube, a liquid crystal display, etc.

[0069] The charging system 100 according to the present disclosure can adjust the charging power based on the variation range of at least one of the output voltage, output current, input voltage, and input current, thereby achieving self-adaptation to chargers with various power specifications. Furthermore, the charging input interface 11 is provided with three pins, one of which is an enable signal pin, which can activate special functions such as fast charging and can be adapted to various types of chargers such as PD chargers and rapid chargers, thereby maximizing compatibility with chargers with various specifications, improving charging efficiency, and saving energy.

[0070] The present disclosure also provides an emergency starting device 300. For example, as shown in Fig. 10, the emergency starting device 300 includes the charging system 100 and the built-in power storage power supply 200. The second end of the second switch is electrically connected to the built-in power storage power supply 200. The optional configurations of the charging system 100 are also applicable to this embodiment, and therefore will not be described again.

[0071] It should be noted that in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the disclosed apparatus and method may be realized in other aspects. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the flowcharts and structural diagrams in the drawings illustrate possible system architectures, functions, and operations of apparatuses, methods, and computer program products according to several embodiments of the present disclosure. Here, each block in the flowcharts or block diagrams may represent a module, a program segment, or a portion of code, which includes one or more executable instructions for implementing a given logical function. It should be noted that in alternative embodiments, the functions labeled in the blocks may occur in a different order from the order labeled in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may be executed substantially in parallel or in reverse order, as determined by the relevant functionality. It should be noted that each block in the structural diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the structural diagrams and / or flowcharts, may be implemented in a system using dedicated hardware that performs a given function or operation, or in a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0072] Furthermore, each functional module or unit according to each embodiment of the present disclosure may be integrated to form a single independent element, each module may exist independently, or two or more modules may be integrated to form a single independent element.

[0073] When the functions are realized as software functional modules and sold or used as an independent product, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Thus, the technical solution according to the present disclosure may be embodied essentially as a software product, or a portion of the software product may be embodied as a software product, or a portion of the software product may be embodied as a software product. The software product is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a smartphone, a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to execute all or some of the steps of the method according to each embodiment of the present disclosure. The storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0074] The above content is merely an embodiment of the present disclosure and does not limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can easily think of modifications or replacements within the technical scope of the present disclosure, all of which should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure. [Explanation of symbols]

[0075] 100 Charging System 200 Storage power source 300 Emergency Starter 11 Charging input interface 12 First voltage acquisition circuit 13 Control circuit 14 Switching Circuits 15 Second voltage acquisition circuit 16 First current collection circuit 17 Second current collection circuit 18 1st protection circuit 19 2nd protection circuit 20 Third protection circuit 21 Temperature sensor 22 Charge status indicator circuit 23 Battery Protection Unit

Claims

1. 1. A charging system used to charge a storage power source, comprising: The charging system includes a charging input interface, an inductor, a first switch, a second switch, a first voltage collection circuit, and a control circuit; the charging input interface is electrically connected to a first end of the inductor; a second end of the inductor electrically connected to a first end of the first switch and a first end of the second switch, a second end of the first switch is electrically connected to a ground terminal, and a second end of the second switch is electrically connected to the storage power source; the first voltage collecting circuit is electrically connected to the second end of the second switch and configured to detect in real time a first voltage output by the charging system; the control circuit is electrically connected to the first voltage collecting circuit and the control end of the first switch, respectively, and the control circuit cyclically controls the on and off times of the first switch based on the first voltage; During the charging process of the charging system, when the first voltage is smaller than a first predetermined voltage value, the control circuit controls the first switch to be on to start cyclic control, when the first switch is in an on state, the second switch is in an off state, and when the first switch is in an off state, the second switch is in an on state. A charging system characterized by:

2. the first switch is a MOS transistor, the second switch is a diode, a first end of the second switch is an anode of the diode, and a second end of the second switch is a cathode of the diode; 2. The charging system according to claim 1.

3. the control circuit outputs a PWM control signal to the first switch; 2. The charging system according to claim 1.

4. the PWM control signal controls the first switch so as to increase an on-time within one period; 4. The charging system according to claim 3.

5. When the first voltage is greater than the first predetermined voltage value, the PWM control signal controls the first switch so as to decrease an on-time within one period.

5. The charging system according to claim 4.

6. the first switch is a MOS transistor, the second switch is a MOS transistor, and a control end of the second switch is connected to the control circuit; 2. The charging system according to claim 1.

7. the charging system further includes a first capacitor, one end of the first capacitor electrically connected to the second end of the second switch, and the other end of the first capacitor electrically connected to the ground end; 2. The charging system according to claim 1.

8. The charging input interface is a universal serial bus connector; 2. The charging system according to claim 1.

9. The charging input interface includes a first pin, a second pin and a third pin, the first pin is a positive terminal, the second pin is a negative terminal, and the third pin is a signal terminal, and the third pin is used to communicate with an external charger; 9. The charging system according to claim 8.

10. The charging system further includes a first current collecting circuit, the first current collecting circuit being electrically connected to the control circuit and the charging input interface respectively, and configured to detect a first current input from the charging input interface, and the control circuit cyclically controls an on and off time of the first switch based on the first voltage and / or the first current.

4. The charging system according to claim 3.

11. The charging system further includes a second voltage collecting circuit, the second voltage collecting circuit being electrically connected to the control circuit and the charging input interface respectively, and configured to detect a second voltage input from the charging input interface, and the control circuit cyclically controls an on and off time of the first switch based on the first voltage and / or the second voltage.

4. The charging system according to claim 3.

12. the charging system further includes a second current collecting circuit, the second current collecting circuit being electrically connected to the control circuit and the second end of the second switch, respectively, and configured to detect a second current output by the charging system, and the control circuit cyclically controls the on and off times of the first switch based on the first voltage and / or the second current; 4. The charging system according to claim 3.

13. The charging system further includes a first protection circuit, the first protection circuit configured to prevent static electricity and / or surge voltage.

2. The charging system according to claim 1.

14. The charging system further includes a second protection circuit, the second protection circuit being electrically connected to the charging input interface and configured to prevent charging of the charging system when a second voltage input from the charging input interface is greater than a fourth predetermined voltage value and a duration of the second voltage being greater than the fourth predetermined voltage value reaches a second predetermined time.

2. The charging system according to claim 1.

15. The charging system further includes a second protection circuit, the second protection circuit being electrically connected to the control circuit and the charging input interface, and the control circuit is configured to output a control signal to the second protection circuit when the second voltage input from the charging input interface is greater than a fourth predetermined voltage value and the duration of the second voltage being greater than the fourth predetermined voltage value reaches a second predetermined time, so that the second protection circuit prevents the charging system from charging.

2. The charging system according to claim 1.

16. The charging system further includes a third protection circuit electrically connected to the second end of the second switch and configured to control the first voltage to be equal to or lower than the fifth predetermined voltage value when the first voltage is greater than a fifth predetermined voltage value and a duration during which the first voltage is greater than the fifth predetermined voltage value reaches a third predetermined time.

2. The charging system according to claim 1.

17. The control circuit includes a first control circuit and a second control circuit, the first control circuit is electrically connected to the first voltage collecting circuit, the second control circuit is electrically connected to the first control circuit and a control end of the first switch respectively, the first control circuit generates a first control signal based on the first voltage, and the second control circuit cyclically controls the on and off times of the first switch based on the first control signal; 2. The charging system according to claim 1.

18. the charging system further includes a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor being provided within a predetermined distance range of the first switch and / or the inductor; 2. The charging system according to claim 1.

19. the charging system further includes a third switch and a fourth switch, a first end of the third switch electrically connected to the charging input interface, a second end of the third switch electrically connected to the first end of the inductor and the first end of the fourth switch respectively, a second end of the fourth switch electrically connected to the ground end, and a control end of the third switch electrically connected to the control circuit, the control circuit being configured to cyclically control the on and off times of the third switch based on the first voltage; During the charging process of the charging system, when the first voltage is smaller than the first predetermined voltage value, the third switch is in an on state and the fourth switch is in an off state; when the first voltage is larger than the first predetermined voltage value, the first switch is in an off state, and the control circuit controls the third switch to be off to start cyclic control; when the third switch is in an on state, the fourth switch is in an off state; and when the third switch is in an off state, the fourth switch is in an on state.

2. The charging system according to claim 1.

20. An emergency start device, a storage power source and a charging system according to any one of claims 1 to 19; a second end of the second switch electrically connected to the storage power source; An emergency start device characterized by:

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