Battery cathode capacity estimation method and battery recycle system using the same

Abstract

To provide a battery cathode capacity estimation method capable of diagnosing an internal state of a battery without decomposing a cell.SOLUTION: A cathode capacity estimation method includes: a step S810 of receiving first discharge data related to a first discharge rate with respect to a battery; a step S820 of receiving a second discharge data related to a second discharge rate with respect to the battery; a step S830 of receiving a third discharge data related to a third discharge rate with respect to the battery; and a step S840 of estimating a cathode capacity of the battery on the basis of the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, the third discharge rate, the first discharge data, the second discharge data, and the third discharge data. The first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, and the third discharge rate may differ from one another.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a method for estimating a positive electrode capacity of a battery and a battery recycling system using the same, and more particularly to a method for estimating a positive electrode capacity of a battery based on battery discharge data and a battery recycling system using the same. [Background technology]

[0002] Unlike primary batteries, which cannot be recharged, secondary batteries are batteries that can be charged and discharged. Low-capacity secondary batteries are used in small portable electronic devices such as smartphones, feature phones, laptop computers, digital cameras, and camcorders, while high-capacity secondary batteries are widely used as motor drive power sources and power storage batteries in hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, and the like. Such secondary batteries include an electrode assembly consisting of a positive electrode and a negative electrode, a case that houses the electrode assembly, and electrode terminals connected to the electrode assembly.

[0003] With the increasing demand for batteries, including secondary batteries, the battery recycling industry is becoming increasingly important. Various battery recycling methods can be applied depending on the remaining lifespan of a battery. Therefore, understanding the deterioration state of the positive or negative electrodes in a battery is important for efficient battery recycling.

[0004] It is very important to non-destructively diagnose the internal state of a battery in order to understand the deterioration state of the positive or negative electrodes. While charge / discharge data can be used to diagnose the internal state of a battery, it is difficult to isolate and determine the deterioration of the positive or negative electrodes from the charge / discharge data. Conventionally, the internal state of a battery is diagnosed after disassembling the battery. However, this conventional technology requires disassembling the cells to diagnose the internal state of the battery, which has the drawback of discarding normal cells during disassembly.

[0005] The foregoing information disclosed in this Background of the Invention section is intended solely to enhance understanding of the background of the present invention and may therefore include information that does not constitute prior art. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2023-0174598 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] The present disclosure provides a method for estimating the positive electrode capacity of a battery to solve the above problem, and a battery recycling system using the same.

[0008] However, the technical problems that the present invention aims to solve are not limited to the above-mentioned problems, and other problems not mentioned should be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the invention described below. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] A positive electrode capacity estimation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure for solving the technical problems includes receiving first discharge data associated with a first discharge rate for a battery, receiving second discharge data associated with a second discharge rate for the battery, receiving third discharge data associated with a third discharge rate for the battery, and estimating a positive electrode capacity of the battery based on the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, the third discharge rate, the first discharge data, the second discharge data, and the third discharge data, wherein the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, and the third discharge rate may be different from each other.

[0010] A computer-readable program for executing a method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure on a computer can be provided.

[0011] A battery recycling system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a memory and at least one processor coupled to the memory and configured to execute at least one computer-readable program included in the memory, wherein the at least one program includes instructions for receiving first discharge data associated with a first discharge rate for a battery, receiving second discharge data associated with a second discharge rate for the battery, and receiving third discharge data associated with a third discharge rate for the battery, and estimating a positive electrode capacity of the battery based on the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, the third discharge rate, the first discharge data, the second discharge data, and the third discharge data, and wherein the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, and the third discharge rate may be different from each other. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the positive electrode capacity of a battery can be estimated based on data relating to the discharge capacities of full battery cells associated with different discharge rates, thereby estimating the positive electrode capacity of the battery using the discharge data relating to the full battery cells without disassembling or disassembling the battery.

[0013] However, the effects obtained by the present invention are not limited to the effects described above, and other technical effects not mentioned herein should be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the invention described below. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0014] The following drawings and the like attached to this specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention and, together with the detailed description of the invention to be given later, serve to further understand the technical concept of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention should not be analyzed by being limited to the matters depicted in such drawings. [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery recycling system according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2]FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an internal configuration of a processor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 shows an example of a charge / discharge capacity graph of a negative electrode half-cell according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 shows an example of a charge / discharge capacity graph of a positive electrode half-cell according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 shows an example of a graph of discharge capacity during slow discharge of a negative electrode half-cell, a positive electrode half-cell, and a full cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 shows an example of a graph of discharge capacity during high-rate discharge of a negative electrode half-cell, a positive electrode half-cell, and a full cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] 10 is a graph showing example discharge data for a full cell and a half cell according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] 1 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a positive electrode capacity estimation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] 1 is a flowchart illustrating an example of steps for estimating a positive electrode capacity of a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] 1 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a process for determining a recycling method for a positive electrode of a battery according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] <Summary of the Invention> According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first discharge rate may be a maximum discharge rate of the battery.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, each discharge data may include a discharge capacity of a full battery cell associated with each discharge rate.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, and the third discharge rate may be equal to or greater than a predetermined percentage of the maximum discharge rate of the battery.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the step of estimating the positive electrode capacity of the battery may include the step of estimating a linear function representing a relationship between the discharge rate of the battery and the discharge capacity of the full battery cell based on the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, the third discharge rate, the first discharge data, the second discharge data, and the third discharge data.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the step of estimating the positive electrode capacity of the battery includes calculating a first coefficient of determination (R 2 ) and determining whether the first coefficient of determination is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the step of estimating the positive electrode capacity of the battery includes receiving fourth discharge data associated with a fourth discharge rate for the battery in response to determining that the first coefficient of determination is less than a predetermined threshold; and calculating a second coefficient of determination (R ) based on the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, the fourth discharge rate, the first discharge data, the second discharge data, and the fourth discharge data. 2 ) and determining whether the second coefficient of determination is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, wherein the third discharge rate may be slower than the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, and the fourth discharge rate.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the step of estimating the positive electrode capacity of the battery may further include the step of calculating the positive electrode capacity of the battery using a linear function.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the linear function can be estimated by extrapolation.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the positive electrode of the battery can include lithium iron phosphate (LFP).

[0024] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method may further include determining a recycling method for the positive electrode of the battery based on the estimated positive electrode capacity of the battery.

[0025] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the step of determining a recycling method for the battery positive electrode may include the steps of: determining whether the estimated battery positive electrode capacity is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold; and, in response to determining that the estimated battery positive electrode capacity is equal to or greater than the predetermined threshold, transferring an instruction to a battery recycling device to perform direct recycling of the battery positive electrode.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the step of determining a recycling method for the battery positive electrode may include the steps of: determining whether the estimated battery positive electrode capacity is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold; and, in response to determining that the estimated battery positive electrode capacity is less than the predetermined threshold, transferring an instruction to a battery recycling device to perform pyrometallurgy or hydrometallurgy on the battery positive electrode.

[0027] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first discharge rate may be a maximum discharge rate of the battery.

[0028] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, each discharge data may include a discharge capacity of a full battery cell associated with each discharge rate.

[0029] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, estimating the positive electrode capacity of the battery may include estimating a linear function representing a relationship between the discharge rate of the battery and the discharge capacity of the full battery cell based on the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, the third discharge rate, the first discharge data, the second discharge data, and the third discharge data.

[0030] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, estimating a positive electrode capacity of a battery includes calculating a coefficient of determination (R) based on a first discharge rate, a second discharge rate, a third discharge rate, the first discharge data, the second discharge data, and the third discharge data. 2 ) and determining whether the coefficient of determination is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold.

[0031] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the battery recycling system may further include a battery recycling device, and the at least one program may further include instructions for determining a recycling method for the positive electrode of the battery based on the estimated positive electrode capacity of the battery, and for transmitting instructions related to the determined recycling method to the battery recycling device.

[0032] <Detailed Description of the Invention> Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, the terms and phrases used in this specification and claims should not be interpreted in a limited manner based on their ordinary and dictionary meanings, but should be interpreted in a manner consistent with the technical concept of the present invention, based on the principle that the inventor may appropriately define the concepts of terms in order to best describe his or her invention. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent the entire technical concept of the present invention, and that various equivalents and modifications may exist as of the time of filing this application.

[0033] Furthermore, as used herein, "comprise," "comprising," "include," and "including" specify the presence of a stated shape, number, step, operation, member, element, and / or group, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other shapes, numbers, operations, members, elements, and / or groups. Furthermore, when describing an embodiment of the present invention, "may" and "may be" can include "one or more embodiments of the present invention."

[0034] In order to facilitate understanding of the invention, the accompanying drawings may not be drawn to scale, and the dimensions of some components may be exaggerated. In addition, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same components in different embodiments.

[0035] A statement that two comparison objects are "identical" means that they are "substantially identical." Therefore, being substantially identical can include cases where there is a deviation that is considered low in the art, for example, a deviation of 5% or less. Furthermore, a statement that a certain parameter is uniform in a given region can mean that the parameter is uniform on average.

[0036] Although terms such as "first" and "second" are used to describe various components, it is understood that these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are merely used to distinguish one component from another, and unless otherwise specified, a first component can be a second component.

[0037] Throughout the specification, unless specifically stated to the contrary, each element may be singular or plural.

[0038] The phrase "above (or below)" a component or "above (or below)" a component means that the component is not only placed in contact with the upper surface (or lower surface) of the component, but also means that other components may be interposed between the component and the component placed above (or below) the component.

[0039] Furthermore, when a component is described as being "coupled," "coupled," or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that the components may be directly coupled or connected to each other, but that other components may be "intervening" between the components, or that each component may be "coupled," "coupled," or "connected" via other components.

[0040] Furthermore, when a part is said to be electrically coupled to another part, this includes not only a direct connection but also a connection via another element therebetween.

[0041] Throughout the specification, "A and / or B" means A, B, or A and B, unless expressly stated to the contrary. That is, "and / or" includes all or any combination of the listed items. "C through D" means at least C and at most D, unless expressly stated to the contrary.

[0042] In this specification, unless otherwise clearly specified in the context, singular expressions can include plural expressions, and plural expressions can include singular expressions. Throughout the specification, when a part "comprises" a certain element, this does not exclude other elements, and means that other elements may also be included, unless otherwise specified to the contrary.

[0043] Additionally, the terms "module" and "module" used herein refer to software or hardware components, each performing a specific function. However, the terms "module" and "module" are not limited to software or hardware. A "module" or "module" may reside on an addressable storage medium or execute one or more processors. Thus, by way of example, a "module" or "module" may include components such as software components, object-oriented software components, class components, and task components, as well as processes, functions, attributes, procedures, subroutines, program code segments, drivers, firmware, microcode, circuits, data, databases, data structures, tables, arrays, and variables. The components and "modules" or "modules" may be combined into fewer components and "modules" or "modules," or the functionality provided therein may be further separated into additional components and "modules" or "modules."

[0044] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a "module" or "unit" may be embodied with a processor and memory. "Processor" should be broadly interpreted to include a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a controller, a microcontroller, a state machine, etc. In some environments, a "processor" may also refer to an application-specific semiconductor (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), etc. A "processor" may also refer to a combination of processing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a combination of multiple microprocessors, a combination of one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. Additionally, "memory" should be broadly interpreted to include any electronic component capable of storing electronic information. "Memory" can refer to various types of processor-readable media, such as RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), NVRAM (Non-Volatile Random Access Memory), PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory), EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), flash memory, magnetic or optical data storage devices, registers, etc. Memory is said to be in electronic communication with a processor when the processor can read information from the memory and store information read into the memory. Memory that is integrated into a processor is in electronic communication with the processor.

[0045] In the present disclosure, a "system" may include at least one of a server device and a cloud device, but is not limited to this. For example, a system may be composed of one or more server devices. As another example, a system may be composed of one or more cloud devices. As yet another example, a system may be operated by comprising both a server device and a cloud device.

[0046] In this disclosure, the size and relative size of regions and the like shown in the figures may be exaggerated for clarity of description. That is, the size shown in the figures is for the purpose of understanding and is not intended to be limiting. In addition, the flowcharts shown in the figures and the related description are merely examples, and some embodiments may be embodied differently. For example, one or more steps may be omitted, the order of steps may be changed, one or more steps may be performed in an overlapping manner, or one or more steps may be performed repeatedly.

[0047] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery recycling system 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Referring to FIG. 1, the battery recycling system 100 may include a battery 110, a data measuring unit 120, a charging / discharging device 130, an information processing system 140, and a battery recycling device 150. The charging / discharging device 130 may include a charging device and a discharging device. The battery 110 may be charged or discharged by the charging / discharging device 130. For example, the battery 110 may be disposed within an electronic device and charged or discharged by a charging / discharging device included in the electronic device or an external charging / discharging device. FIG. 1 illustrates the battery 110 connected only to the charging / discharging device 130 and the data measuring unit 120, but this is not limiting. For example, the battery 110 may be electrically connected to an external component. The battery 110 may supply power to an external component while charging, or may supply power to an external component after charging is completed. As another example, the battery 110 may be electrically connected to another component (e.g., the battery recycling device 150) after being separated from the data measuring unit 120 and the charging / discharging device 130.

[0049] The charging / discharging device 130 can charge or discharge the battery 110 at different charging / discharging rates (C-rates). Here, the charging / discharging rate may be a value obtained by dividing the magnitude of the charging / discharging current of the battery by the rated capacity of the battery. For example, the discharging device can discharge the battery 110 at a first discharging rate. The discharging device can also discharge the battery 110 at a second discharging rate that is different from the first discharging rate. For example, the second discharging rate can be slower than the first discharging rate. The charging device can also charge the battery 110 before discharging the battery 110 using the discharging device.

[0050] In one embodiment, the first discharge rate may be equal to or less than a predetermined threshold, where the threshold may be 1C, where C is a unit of discharge rate and may refer to a discharge rate at which it takes a certain amount of time to fully discharge the battery. For example, a discharge rate of 1C may refer to a discharge rate at which it takes one hour to fully discharge a fully charged battery. As another example, a discharge rate of 0.5C may refer to a discharge rate at which it takes two hours to fully discharge a fully charged battery.

[0051] The data measuring unit 120 may include a voltage sensor. While the battery 110 is being discharged by the discharge device, the voltage sensor may generate voltage data related to the battery 110. The voltage data may include voltage data according to a discharge capacity obtained by discharging the battery 110. The data measuring unit 120 may generate discharge data based on the generated voltage data. Here, the discharge data may include discharge capacity data related to a discharge rate of the battery 110. The discharge capacity data may be calculated based on the generated voltage data. The discharge capacity data may be calculated by the data measuring unit 120 and / or the processor 142.

[0052] The discharge data may be transferred to the processor 142 of the information processing system 140. Although Fig. 1 illustrates the data measurement unit 120 as being external to the information processing system 140 and exchanging information with the information processing system 140, this is not limiting. That is, the data measurement unit 120 may be included in the information processing system 140. The data measurement unit 120 may generate discharge data related to the battery 110 within the information processing system 140 and transfer the data to the processor 142.

[0053] The information processing system 140 may include a processor 142 and a memory 144. The processor 142 may receive discharge data associated with the discharge rate of the battery generated from the data measurement unit 120. The processor 142 may estimate the positive electrode capacity of the battery 110 based on the received discharge data.

[0054] The processor 142 can determine a recycling method for the positive electrode of the battery 110 based on the estimated data on the capacity of the positive electrode of the battery 110. The processor 142 can transfer instructions to the battery recycling device 150 for carrying out the determined recycling method for the positive electrode of the battery 110. The discharge data, data on the capacity of the positive electrode of the battery 110, data on the recycling method for the positive electrode of the battery 110, etc. received by the processor 142 can be stored in the memory 144.

[0055] The battery recycling apparatus 150 may receive from the processor 142 an instruction to perform a recycling method for the positive electrode of the battery 110 determined by the processor 142. The battery recycling apparatus 150 may perform recycling of the positive electrode of the battery 110 based on the instruction received from the processor 142. Here, recycling of the positive electrode of the battery 110 may be a method of extracting core raw material metals of the battery 110, such as lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese, copper, or aluminum, from used batteries 110 and utilizing them in manufacturing new batteries. The battery recycling apparatus 150 may be an automated device that extracts positive electrode materials from used batteries 110.

[0056] In one embodiment, recycling methods for the positive electrode of the battery 110 may include direct recycling, pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, etc. Battery recycling may refer to disassembling a used battery, extracting and utilizing valuable metals such as lithium, cobalt, and nickel, and reusing them as battery raw materials. Direct recycling may refer to a method of physically separating and recycling the active material coated on the battery positive electrode. Direct recycling may be less expensive and more environmentally friendly than pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy. Pyrometallurgy may refer to a method of extracting metals by discharging and disassembling a used battery, crushing the resulting flakes, and melting them in a smelting furnace. Hydrometallurgy may refer to a method of extracting metals by discharging and disassembling a used battery, crushing and pulverizing the resulting fine black powder, and adding a solvent to cause a chemical reaction.

[0057] In one embodiment, the charging / discharging device 130 and the processor 142 can communicate with each other. The processor 142 can transmit instructions to the discharging device to adjust the discharge rate of the battery 110 and receive discharge data related to the discharge rate for the battery 110. The processor 142 can also transmit instructions to the charging device to charge the battery 110 and receive discharge data for the fully charged state of the battery 110.

[0058] 1, one battery 110 is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, multiple batteries may be discharged by a discharging device, and discharge data may be generated by the data measuring unit 120. Also, multiple batteries may be charged to a full charge state by a charging device.

[0059] Additionally, the information processing system 140 may further include a communication module (not shown). The communication module may provide a configuration or function for communicating with the charging / discharging device, the data measurement unit, or the battery recycling device, and may provide a configuration or function for the information processing system 140 to communicate with an external device or system. For example, control signals, commands, data, etc. provided by the control of the information processing system 140 may be transferred to the charging / discharging device, the external device, and / or the external system via the communication module, and control signals, commands, data, etc. provided by the charging / discharging device, the external device, and / or the external system may be transferred via the communication module.

[0060] 2 is a block diagram showing the internal configuration of a processor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The processor 200 may include a discharge data receiving unit 210, a determination coefficient calculating unit 220, a linear function estimating unit 230, a positive electrode capacity calculating unit 240, and a recycling method determining unit 250. For example, the processor 200 may be the processor 142 included in the information processing system 140 of FIG. 1.

[0061] In one embodiment, the discharge data receiving unit 210 may receive discharge data from a data measuring unit (e.g., the data measuring unit 120 of FIG. 1). For example, the discharge data receiving unit 210 may receive first discharge data associated with a first discharge rate for the battery, second discharge data associated with a second discharge rate for the battery, and third discharge data associated with a third discharge rate for the battery from the data measuring unit.

[0062] In one embodiment, the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, and the third discharge rate may be different from each other. For example, the first discharge rate may be faster than the second discharge rate, and the second discharge rate may be faster than the third discharge rate.

[0063] In one embodiment, the first discharge rate may be the maximum discharge rate of the battery. Here, the maximum discharge rate of the battery may be the maximum discharge rate allowable when discharging the battery, taking into account the performance of the battery. For example, the maximum discharge rate of the battery may be, but is not limited to, 1C.

[0064] In one embodiment, the first discharge data associated with the first discharge rate may include data relating to the discharge capacity of the battery obtained by discharging a fully charged battery at the first discharge rate, the second discharge data associated with the second discharge rate may include data relating to the discharge capacity of the battery obtained by discharging a fully charged battery at the second discharge rate, and the third discharge data associated with the third discharge rate may include data relating to the discharge capacity of the battery obtained by discharging a fully charged battery at the third discharge rate.

[0065] In one embodiment, the first, second, and third discharge rates may be equal to or greater than a predetermined percentage of the maximum discharge rate of the battery. That is, the first, second, and third discharge rates may be equal to or greater than a predetermined percentage of the maximum discharge rate allowable when discharging the battery, taking into account the battery's performance. For example, the maximum discharge rate of the battery may be 1C, and the predetermined percentage may be 50%. In this case, the first, second, and third discharge rates may be equal to or greater than 0.5C. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

[0066] In one embodiment, each discharge data may include data related to the discharge capacity of a full battery cell associated with each discharge rate. As described below, the processor 200 can estimate the positive electrode capacity of the battery based on the data related to the discharge rate and the associated discharge capacity of the full battery cell. That is, the positive electrode capacity of the battery can be estimated using the data related to the full battery cell without disassembling or disassembling the battery to diagnose the internal state of the battery.

[0067] In one embodiment, the determination coefficient calculation unit 220 calculates a first determination coefficient (R 2 ) can be calculated. Here, the coefficient of determination can represent the rate at which the estimated linear model fits a given sample. The coefficient of determination can have a value between 0 and 1, and the higher the correlation between the dependent variable and the independent variable, the closer the value to 1 it can be. Therefore, the higher the coefficient of determination, the higher the accuracy of the estimated linear model. The first coefficient of determination (R 2 At least three discharge data are used to calculate

[0068] In one embodiment, the coefficient of determination calculation unit 220 may determine whether the calculated first coefficient of determination is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold. For example, the predetermined threshold may be 0.99, but is not limited thereto. In response to determining that the first coefficient of determination is less than the predetermined threshold, the processor 200 may receive fourth discharge data associated with a fourth discharge rate for the battery. Accordingly, the coefficient of determination calculation unit 220 may calculate a second coefficient of determination based on the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, the fourth discharge rate, the first discharge data, the second discharge data, and the fourth discharge data. The coefficient of determination calculation unit 220 may also determine whether the second coefficient of determination is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold. Here, the third discharge rate may be slower than the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, and the fourth discharge rate. That is, when it is determined that the coefficient of determination is less than the predetermined threshold, the coefficient of determination calculation unit 220 may calculate the coefficient of determination based on discharge rates higher than the minimum discharge rate and the discharge data associated therewith, instead of the discharge data associated with the minimum discharge rate. This process may be performed until it is determined that the coefficient of determination calculated based on three or more discharge rates and the discharge data associated therewith is greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold.

[0069] In one embodiment, the linear function estimation unit 230 may estimate a linear function representing the relationship between the discharge rate of the battery and the discharge capacity of the full battery cell based on the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, the third discharge rate, the first discharge data, the second discharge data, and the third discharge data. In the process of calculating the coefficient of determination by the coefficient of determination calculation unit 220, n-th discharge data associated with the n-th discharge rate may be received from the processor 200 (n is a natural number equal to or greater than 4). However, for convenience, the first, second, and third discharge rates and discharge data used by the linear function estimation unit 230 may refer to the discharge rates and associated discharge data based on which the coefficient of determination calculation unit 220 determines that the coefficient of determination is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold.

[0070] The linear function estimation unit 230 can estimate a linear function representing the relationship between the discharge rate of the battery and the discharge capacity of a full battery cell by extrapolation. Extrapolation, also known as extrapolation, is a mathematical method for estimating the value of a variable based on its relationship with other variables beyond the original observation range. That is, it is a method for estimating data values ​​in an uncollected range based on the relationship between collected data values.

[0071] In one embodiment, the first, second, and third discharge rates may be rates equal to or greater than a predetermined ratio of the maximum discharge rate of the battery. For example, the maximum discharge rate of the battery may be 1 C, and the predetermined ratio may be 50%. Therefore, the first, second, and third discharge rates may be equal to or greater than 0.5 C, but are not limited thereto. Meanwhile, the positive electrode capacity of the battery may be estimated based on the discharge capacity of a full battery cell associated with a discharge rate of 0 C. According to the above example, since the data collected by the processor 200 is discharge rates equal to or greater than 0.5 C and the associated discharge data, in order to calculate the discharge capacity of a full battery cell associated with a discharge rate of 0 C, the linear function estimation unit 230 needs to estimate a linear function representing the relationship between the discharge rate of the battery and the discharge capacity of a full battery cell using an extrapolation method.

[0072] In one embodiment, the positive electrode capacity calculation unit 240 can calculate the positive electrode capacity of the battery using the linear function estimated by the linear function estimation unit 230, which represents the relationship between the discharge rate of the battery and the discharge capacity of the full battery cell.

[0073] In one embodiment, the positive electrode capacity of the battery can be calculated based on the discharge capacity of the full battery cell associated with a discharge rate of 0C using an estimated linear function.

[0074] In one embodiment, the battery positive electrode can include lithium iron phosphate (LFP). Additionally or alternatively, the battery positive electrode can include LiCoPO4, LiMnPO4, LiNiPO4, NaFePO4, or combinations thereof.

[0075] In one embodiment, the recycling method determination unit 250 may determine a recycling method for the battery's positive electrode based on the battery's positive electrode capacity calculated by the positive electrode capacity calculation unit 240. Specifically, the recycling method determination unit 250 may determine whether the battery's positive electrode capacity is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, and, if the battery's positive electrode capacity is determined to be equal to or greater than the predetermined threshold, may transmit a command to the battery recycling device to perform direct recycling of the battery's positive electrode. Conversely, if the battery's positive electrode capacity is determined to be less than the predetermined threshold, may transmit a command to the battery recycling device to perform pyrometallurgy or hydrometallurgy of the battery's positive electrode. For example, the predetermined threshold for the battery's positive electrode capacity may be, but is not limited to, a battery positive electrode capacity value at which the ratio of the battery's positive electrode capacity to the value obtained by multiplying the battery's initial capacity by 1.1 is 90%.

[0076] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a charge / discharge capacity graph of a negative electrode half-cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a charge / discharge capacity graph of a positive electrode half-cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Here, the half-cell may refer to a cell including lithium metal as a reference electrode, which can supply lithium ions necessary for a chemical reaction. The negative electrode half-cell may be a half-cell including graphite as the negative electrode. The electrochemical characteristics of the negative electrode can be determined through experiments using the negative electrode half-cell. The positive electrode half-cell may be a half-cell including lithium iron phosphate (LFP) as the positive electrode. The electrochemical characteristics of the positive electrode can be determined through experiments using the positive electrode half-cell.

[0077] Graph 300 shown in FIG. 3 is an example of voltage data according to charge / discharge capacity obtained by charging and discharging a negative electrode half-cell. Specifically, charge voltage data 310 of the negative electrode half-cell is obtained by maintaining a constant charge rate. Alternatively, multiple discharge voltage data 320 for the negative electrode half-cell are obtained by varying the discharge rate. For example, the first discharge voltage data may be discharge voltage data according to the discharge capacity of the negative electrode half-cell obtained by discharging the negative electrode half-cell at a discharge rate of 1 C. Alternatively, the second discharge voltage data may be discharge voltage data according to the discharge capacity of the negative electrode half-cell obtained by discharging the negative electrode half-cell at a discharge rate of 0.1 C. The discharge voltage data according to the discharge capacity of the negative electrode half-cell shown in graph 300 is obtained by discharging the negative electrode half-cell at discharge rates ranging from 0.1 C to 1 C. The discharge rates associated with the discharge voltage data may increase in the direction of A.

[0078] Referring to Figure 3, it can be seen that the discharge capacity of a negative electrode half-cell remains constant even when the discharge rate is increased or decreased (330). For example, it can be seen that the discharge capacity of a negative electrode half-cell obtained by discharging the negative electrode half-cell at a discharge rate of 1 C is the same as the discharge capacity of a negative electrode half-cell obtained by discharging the negative electrode half-cell at a discharge rate of 0.1 C (330). Similarly, it can be seen that the discharge capacities of multiple negative electrode half-cells obtained by discharging the negative electrode half-cell at discharge rates ranging from 0.1 C to 1 C are also the same (330). Based on these experimental results, it can be inferred that the discharge capacity of the negative electrode contained in the full cell remains constant even when the discharge rate of the full cell is changed.

[0079] Graph 400 shown in FIG. 4 is an example of voltage data according to charge / discharge capacity obtained by charging and discharging a positive electrode half-cell. Specifically, charge voltage data 410 for the positive electrode half-cell is obtained by maintaining a constant charge rate. Separately, multiple discharge voltage data 420 for the positive electrode half-cell are obtained by varying the discharge rate. For example, the first discharge voltage data may be discharge voltage data according to the discharge capacity of the positive electrode half-cell obtained by discharging the positive electrode half-cell at a discharge rate of 1 C. The second discharge voltage data may be discharge voltage data according to the discharge capacity of the positive electrode half-cell obtained by discharging the positive electrode half-cell at a discharge rate of 0.1 C. The discharge voltage data according to the discharge capacity of the positive electrode half-cell shown in graph 400 is obtained by discharging the positive electrode half-cell at discharge rates ranging from 0.1 C to 1 C. The discharge rates associated with the discharge voltage data may increase in the direction of A.

[0080] Referring to Figure 4, it can be seen that the discharge capacity of the positive electrode half-cell changes as the discharge rate increases or decreases. Therefore, it can be seen that the discharge capacity of the positive electrode half-cell obtained by discharging the positive electrode half-cell at a discharge rate between 0.1 C and 1 C decreases as the discharge rate increases. This confirms that the change in discharge capacity depending on the discharge rate is most pronounced in the positive electrode.

[0081] Figure 5 shows an example of a graph of discharge capacity during slow discharge for a negative electrode half-cell, a positive electrode half-cell, and a full cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 6 shows an example of a graph of discharge capacity during fast discharge for a negative electrode half-cell, a positive electrode half-cell, and a full cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0082] 5, graph 500 shows example voltage data according to capacity obtained by discharging a negative electrode half-cell 510, a positive electrode half-cell 520, and a full cell 530 at a low discharge rate, where the low discharge rate may be a discharge rate of 0.1 C to 0.5 C.

[0083] 5 , the discharge capacity of the negative electrode half-cell 510 may be the capacity of the negative electrode half-cell 510 in a section where the capacity of the negative electrode half-cell 510 does not increase any more and the voltage of the negative electrode half-cell 510 increases significantly during the discharge process of the negative electrode half-cell 510. The discharge capacity of the positive electrode half-cell 520 may be the capacity of the positive electrode half-cell 520 in a section where the capacity of the positive electrode half-cell 520 does not increase any more and the voltage of the positive electrode half-cell 520 decreases significantly during the discharge process of the positive electrode half-cell 520. The discharge capacity of the full cell 530 may be the capacity of the full cell 530 in a section where the capacity of the full cell 530 does not increase any more and the voltage of the full cell 530 decreases significantly during the discharge process of the full cell 530.

[0084] 5, when the full cell 530 is discharged at a low discharge rate, the graph showing the discharge capacity of the full cell 530 and the graph showing the discharge capacity of the negative electrode half-cell 510 correspond to each other (540). Specifically, it can be seen that the capacity of the full cell 530 in the section where the capacity of the full cell 530 stops increasing and the voltage of the full cell 530 decreases significantly is approximately the same as the capacity of the negative electrode half-cell 510 in the section where the capacity of the negative electrode half-cell 510 stops increasing and the voltage of the negative electrode half-cell 510 increases significantly (540). According to the graph 500 shown in FIG. 5, when the full cell 530 and the negative electrode half-cell 510 are discharged at a low discharge rate, the discharge capacities of the full cell 530 and the negative electrode half-cell 510 can have values ​​close to about 4300 mAh (540).

[0085] In contrast, when the positive electrode half-cell 520 is discharged at a low discharge rate, the graph showing the discharge capacity of the full cell 530 does not correspond to the graph showing the discharge capacity of the positive electrode half-cell 520. Specifically, the capacity of the full cell 530 in the section where the capacity of the full cell 530 does not increase any further and the voltage of the full cell 530 decreases significantly does not match the capacity of the positive electrode half-cell 520 in the section where the capacity of the positive electrode half-cell 520 does not increase any further and the voltage of the positive electrode half-cell 520 decreases significantly. According to the graph 500 shown in FIG. 5, when the positive electrode half-cell 520 is discharged at a low discharge rate, the discharge capacity of the positive electrode half-cell 520 may have a value close to about 4600 mAh (550).

[0086] 6, graph 600 shows example voltage data versus capacity obtained by discharging a negative electrode half-cell 610, a positive electrode half-cell 620, and a full cell 630 at a high discharge rate, where the high discharge rate may be a discharge rate of 0.5C to 1C.

[0087] 6 , the discharge capacity of the negative electrode half-cell 610 may be the capacity of the negative electrode half-cell 610 in a section where the capacity of the negative electrode half-cell 610 does not increase any more and the voltage of the negative electrode half-cell 610 increases significantly during the discharge process of the negative electrode half-cell 610. The discharge capacity of the positive electrode half-cell 620 may be the capacity of the positive electrode half-cell 620 in a section where the capacity of the positive electrode half-cell 620 does not increase any more and the voltage of the positive electrode half-cell 620 decreases significantly during the discharge process of the positive electrode half-cell 620. The discharge capacity of the full cell 630 may be the capacity of the full cell 630 in a section where the capacity of the full cell 630 does not increase any more and the voltage of the full cell 630 decreases significantly during the discharge process of the full cell 630.

[0088] 6, when the full cell 630 is discharged at a high discharge rate, the graph showing the discharge capacity of the full cell 630 and the graph showing the discharge capacity of the positive half-cell 620 correspond to each other (650). Specifically, it can be seen that the capacity of the full cell 630 in the section where the capacity of the full cell 630 stops increasing and the voltage of the full cell 630 decreases significantly is approximately the same as the capacity of the positive half-cell 620 in the section where the capacity of the positive half-cell 620 stops increasing and the voltage of the positive half-cell 620 decreases significantly (650). According to the graph 600 shown in FIG. 6, when the full cell 630 and the positive half-cell 620 are discharged at a high discharge rate, the discharge capacities of the full cell 630 and the positive half-cell 620 can be close to about 4200 mAh (650).

[0089] In contrast, when the negative electrode half-cell 610 is discharged at a high discharge rate, the graph showing the discharge capacity of the full cell 630 does not correspond to the graph showing the discharge capacity of the negative electrode half-cell 610. Specifically, the capacity of the full cell 630 in the section where the capacity of the full cell 630 does not increase any further and the voltage of the full cell 630 decreases significantly does not match the capacity of the negative electrode half-cell 610 in the section where the capacity of the negative electrode half-cell 610 does not increase any further and the voltage of the negative electrode half-cell 610 increases significantly. According to the graph 600 shown in Figure 6, when the negative electrode half-cell 610 is discharged at a high discharge rate, the discharge capacity of the negative electrode half-cell 610 may have a value close to about 4300 mAh (640).

[0090] As a result, when the full cell 630 is discharged at a high discharge rate, it can be estimated that the discharge characteristics of the full cell 630 are similar to those of the positive electrode half-cell 620, which is also discharged at a high discharge rate. Therefore, by inferring the discharge characteristics of the positive electrode half-cell 620 based on the discharge characteristics of the full cell 630, which is discharged at a high discharge rate, it is possible to estimate the positive electrode capacity using only the discharge characteristics of the full cell, without disassembling the positive electrode into half cells.

[0091] FIG. 7 is a graph showing example discharge data for a full cell and a half cell according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0092] 7, graph 700 shows example discharge data obtained by discharging a negative electrode half-cell 710, a positive electrode half-cell 720, and full cells 730 and 732 at various discharge rates. The discharge data may include the discharge capacity of the full cell or half cell in relation to the discharge rate. The discharge rate may range from 0.05 C to 1 C.

[0093] A full cell can be a battery cell including a positive electrode and a negative electrode. The positive electrode of the full cell can include lithium iron phosphate (LFP), and the negative electrode of the full cell can include graphite. A half cell can refer to a cell including lithium metal as a reference electrode, which has an infinite supply of lithium ions. Here, a half cell can refer to a coin half cell (CHC). The negative electrode half cell can be a half cell including graphite as the negative electrode. The negative electrode half cell can be used to determine the electrochemical characteristics of the negative electrode. The positive electrode half cell can be a half cell including lithium iron phosphate (LFP) as the positive electrode. The positive electrode half cell can be used to determine the electrochemical characteristics of the positive electrode.

[0094] Referring to graph 700 in FIG. 7, discharge data for the negative half-cell according to the discharge rate of the negative half-cell can be seen (710). In the case of the negative half-cell, it can be seen that the discharge capacity of the negative half-cell maintains a constant range of values ​​even when the discharge rate of the negative half-cell is changed. Specifically, when the negative half-cell is discharged at a discharge rate of 0.2C, it can be seen that the discharge capacity of the negative half-cell is approximately 4920mAh. Furthermore, when the negative half-cell is discharged at a discharge rate of 0.6C, it can be seen that the discharge capacity of the negative half-cell is approximately 4930mAh. Furthermore, when the negative half-cell is discharged at a discharge rate of 1C, it can be seen that the discharge capacity of the negative half-cell maintains a constant range of values ​​(e.g., 4920mAh to 4930mAh) even when the discharge rate of the negative half-cell increases from 0.2C to 0.6C or from 0.6C to 1C. This confirms that the discharge rate of the negative electrode half-cell has little correlation with the discharge capacity of the negative electrode half-cell.

[0095] Referring to graph 700 in FIG. 7, discharge data for the positive half-cell as a function of the discharge rate of the positive half-cell can be seen (720). For the positive half-cell 720, a linear relationship can be seen between the discharge rate of the positive half-cell and the discharge capacity of the positive half-cell. Specifically, when the positive half-cell is discharged at a rate of 0.2C, the discharge capacity of the positive half-cell is approximately 4860mAh. When the positive half-cell is discharged at a rate of 0.6C, the discharge capacity of the positive half-cell is approximately 4700mAh. When the positive half-cell is discharged at a rate of 1C, the discharge capacity of the positive half-cell is approximately 4540mAh. Therefore, it can be seen that the discharge capacity of the positive half-cell decreases by 160 mAh, from 4860 mAh to 4700 mAh, as the discharge rate of the positive half-cell increases by 0.4 C, from 0.2 C to 0.6 C, and the discharge capacity of the positive half-cell decreases by 160 mAh, from 4700 mAh to 4540 mAh, as the discharge rate of the positive half-cell increases by 0.4 C, from 0.6 C to 1 C. This confirms the existence of a linear relationship between the discharge rate of the positive half-cell and the discharge capacity of the positive half-cell.

[0096] Referring to graph 700 in FIG. 7, discharge data according to the discharge rate of the full cell can be seen (730, 732). In the case of the full cell, it can be seen that, in the high-rate range, there is a linear relationship between the discharge rate of the full cell and the discharge capacity of the full cell, with a slope similar to the slope of the linear graph between the discharge rate of the positive half-cell and the discharge capacity of the positive half-cell. Specifically, when the full cell is discharged at a discharge rate of 1 C, the discharge capacity of the full cell can be seen to be approximately 4110 mAh (730). When the full cell is discharged at a discharge rate of 0.9 C, the discharge capacity of the full cell can be seen to be approximately 4150 mAh (732). When the full cell is discharged at a discharge rate of 0.8 C, the discharge capacity of the full cell can be seen to be approximately 4180 mAh. Therefore, in the range of 0.9C to 1C full cell discharge rates, the slope of the full cell discharge capacity versus full cell discharge rate is -400 (mAh / C), which is the same as the slope of the positive half-cell discharge capacity versus positive half-cell discharge rate. Referring to graph 700 in FIG. 7, it can be seen that the difference between the slope of the full cell discharge capacity versus full cell discharge rate and the slope of the positive half-cell discharge capacity versus positive half-cell discharge rate increases as the full cell discharge rate decreases. Therefore, the positive electrode capacity of the battery can be calculated by estimating a linear function representing the relationship between the full cell discharge rate and the full cell discharge capacity based on discharge data associated with full cell discharge rates that have a slope similar to the slope of the positive half-cell discharge capacity versus positive half-cell discharge rate.

[0097] 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a positive electrode capacity estimation method S800 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The positive electrode capacity estimation method S800 can be performed by at least one processor. First, the positive electrode capacity estimation method S800 begins by the processor receiving first discharge data associated with a first discharge rate for the battery from a data measurement unit (S810). In one embodiment, the first discharge rate may be the maximum discharge rate of the battery. Here, the maximum discharge rate of the battery may be the maximum discharge rate allowable depending on the performance of the battery. For example, the maximum discharge rate of the battery may be 1C.

[0098] Thereafter, the processor may receive second discharge data associated with a second discharge rate for the battery from the data measurement unit (S820). The processor may also receive third discharge data associated with a third discharge rate for the battery from the data measurement unit (S830).

[0099] In one embodiment, the first discharge data associated with the first discharge rate may include data relating to the discharge capacity of the battery obtained by discharging a fully charged battery at the first rate, the second discharge data associated with the second discharge rate may include data relating to the discharge capacity of the battery obtained by discharging a fully charged battery at the second rate, and the third discharge data associated with the third discharge rate may include data relating to the discharge capacity of the battery obtained by discharging a fully charged battery at the third rate.

[0100] In one embodiment, the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, and the third discharge rate may be different from each other. For example, the first discharge rate may be faster than the second discharge rate, and the second discharge rate may be faster than the third discharge rate.

[0101] In one embodiment, the first, second, and third discharge rates may be greater than or equal to a predetermined percentage of the maximum discharge rate of the battery. That is, the first, second, and third discharge rates may be greater than or equal to a predetermined percentage of the maximum discharge rate allowable by the battery's performance. For example, the maximum discharge rate of the battery may be 1C, where the predetermined percentage may be 50%. Therefore, the first, second, and third discharge rates may be greater than or equal to 0.5C.

[0102] In one embodiment, each discharge data may include data regarding the discharge capacity of a full battery cell associated with each discharge rate.

[0103] The processor can then estimate the battery's positive electrode capacity based on the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, the third discharge rate, the first discharge data, the second discharge data, and the third discharge data (S840). This allows the battery's positive electrode capacity to be estimated using data related to a full battery cell without disassembling or disassembling the battery. In one embodiment, the battery's positive electrode can include lithium iron phosphate (LFP).

[0104] The processor may then determine a recycling method for the battery positive electrode based on the estimated battery positive electrode capacity (S850), where the recycling method for the battery positive electrode may include direct recycling, pyrometallurgy, and hydrometallurgy.

[0105] 9 is a flowchart illustrating an example of step S840 for estimating the positive electrode capacity of a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Step S840 calculates a coefficient of determination (R 2The method starts by calculating (S910). Here, the three or more discharge data may be data associated with different discharge rates. That is, the three or more discharge data may include first discharge data associated with a first discharge rate, second discharge data associated with a second discharge rate, and third discharge data associated with a third discharge rate. In addition, the coefficient of determination may represent the degree to which the estimated linear model fits a given sample. The coefficient of determination may have a value between 0 and 1, and the higher the correlation between the dependent variable and the independent variable, the closer the value to 1. Therefore, the higher the coefficient of determination, the higher the accuracy of the estimated linear model.

[0106] In one embodiment, the processor may determine whether the calculated coefficient of determination is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold (S920). For example, the predetermined threshold may be 0.99. In response to determining that the coefficient of determination is less than the predetermined threshold (No), the processor may receive fourth discharge data associated with a fourth discharge rate for the battery. Thereafter, the processor may calculate a new coefficient of determination based on the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, the fourth discharge rate, the first discharge data, the second discharge data, and the fourth discharge data. The processor may also determine whether the new coefficient of determination is greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold (S920). Here, the fourth discharge data may be discharge data associated with the fourth discharge rate. The third discharge rate may be slower than the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, and the fourth discharge rate. That is, in response to determining that the coefficient of determination is less than the predetermined threshold, the processor may calculate the coefficient of determination based on discharge data associated with a higher discharge rate instead of discharge data associated with the lowest discharge rate. This process may be repeated until the coefficient of determination calculated based on discharge data associated with three or more discharge rates is determined to be equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold.

[0107] In one embodiment, in response to determining that the coefficient of determination is equal to or greater than the predetermined threshold (Yes), the processor may estimate a linear function representing the relationship between the battery discharge rate and the discharge capacity of the full battery cell based on the battery discharge rate and the associated discharge data (S930). Here, the battery discharge rate and the associated discharge data may refer to three or more discharge rates and associated discharge data based on the determination that the coefficient of determination is equal to or greater than the predetermined threshold.

[0108] The processor can then calculate the positive electrode capacity of the battery using the estimated linear function that represents the relationship between the discharge rate of the battery and the discharge capacity of the full battery cell (S940). In one embodiment, the positive electrode capacity of the battery can be calculated based on the discharge capacity of the full battery cell associated with the discharge rate of 0 C using the estimated linear function.

[0109] In one embodiment, the battery positive electrode can include lithium iron phosphate (LFP). Additionally or alternatively, the battery positive electrode can include LiCoPO4, LiMnPO4, LiNiPO4, NaFePO4, or combinations thereof.

[0110] FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a process for determining a recycling method for a battery positive electrode according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0111] The method S1000 begins by the processor receiving discharge data associated with a discharge rate (S1010). The processor can then estimate a positive electrode capacity of the battery based on the discharge rate and the associated discharge data (S1020). The processor can also determine whether the estimated positive electrode capacity is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold (S1030).

[0112] Thereafter, in response to determining that the battery's positive electrode capacity is equal to or greater than the predetermined threshold (Yes), the processor may transmit to the battery recycling device an instruction to perform direct recycling of the battery's positive electrode (S1040). Alternatively, in response to determining that the battery's positive electrode capacity is less than the predetermined threshold (No), the processor may transmit to the battery recycling device an instruction to perform pyrometallurgy or hydrometallurgy on the battery's positive electrode (S1050). For example, the predetermined threshold for the battery's positive electrode capacity may be a battery positive electrode capacity value at which the ratio of the battery's positive electrode capacity to the value obtained by multiplying the battery's initial capacity by 1.1 is 90%. Here, the initial battery capacity may refer to the capacity of the battery immediately after manufacture (Beginning of Life; BoL).

[0113] 8 to 10 and the above description are merely examples, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the flowcharts shown in Figures 8 to 10 and the above description. For example, one or more steps in the flowcharts and the above description may be added / modified / deleted, the order of one or more steps may be changed, or one or more steps may be performed simultaneously.

[0114] Although the present invention has been described above using limited examples and drawings, it is not limited thereto, and it goes without saying that various modifications and variations can be made by a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains within the technical spirit of the present invention and the equivalent scope of the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0115] 100 Battery Recycling System 110 Battery 120 Data Measurement Unit 130 Charging and discharging equipment 140 Information Processing Systems 142 processors 144 memory 150 Battery Recycling Equipment

Claims

1. 1. A method for estimating a positive electrode capacity, the method being performed by at least one processor, comprising: receiving first discharge data associated with a first discharge rate for the battery; receiving second discharge data associated with a second discharge rate for the battery; receiving third discharge data associated with a third discharge rate for the battery; estimating a positive electrode capacity of the battery based on the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, the third discharge rate, the first discharge data, the second discharge data, and the third discharge data; The positive electrode capacity estimation method, wherein the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, and the third discharge rate are different from each other.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first discharge rate is a maximum discharge rate of the battery.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the respective discharge data includes a discharge capacity of a full cell of the battery associated with the respective discharge rate.

4. The positive electrode capacity estimation method according to claim 1 , wherein the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, and the third discharge rate are rates equal to or greater than a predetermined percentage of a maximum discharge rate of the battery.

5. 2. The positive electrode capacity estimation method according to claim 1, wherein the step of estimating the positive electrode capacity of the battery includes a step of estimating a linear function representing a relationship between the discharge rate of the battery and the discharge capacity of a full cell of the battery, based on the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, the third discharge rate, the first discharge data, the second discharge data, and the third discharge data.

6. The step of estimating the positive electrode capacity of the battery includes: A first coefficient of determination (R 2 ) and The positive electrode capacity estimation method according to claim 5 , further comprising the step of determining whether the first determination coefficient is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value.

7. The step of estimating the positive electrode capacity of the battery includes: receiving fourth discharge data associated with a fourth discharge rate for the battery in response to determining that the first coefficient of determination is less than the predetermined threshold; A second coefficient of determination (R 2 ) and determining whether the second coefficient of determination is greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold; The positive electrode capacity estimation method according to claim 6 , wherein the third discharge rate is slower than the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, and the fourth discharge rate.

8. The positive electrode capacity estimation method according to claim 5 , wherein the step of estimating the positive electrode capacity of the battery further includes the step of calculating the positive electrode capacity of the battery using the linear function.

9. The positive electrode capacity estimation method according to claim 5 , wherein the linear function is estimated by extrapolation.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the battery positive electrode comprises lithium iron phosphate (LFP).

11. The method for estimating a positive electrode capacity according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of determining a recycling method for the positive electrode of the battery based on the estimated positive electrode capacity of the battery.

12. determining a recycling method for the positive electrode of the battery, determining whether the estimated positive electrode capacity of the battery is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold; and transferring, in response to determining that the estimated battery positive electrode capacity is equal to or greater than the predetermined threshold, to a battery recycling device, an instruction to perform direct recycling on the battery positive electrode.

13. determining a recycling method for the positive electrode of the battery, determining whether the estimated positive electrode capacity of the battery is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold; and transferring, in response to determining that the estimated battery positive electrode capacity is less than the predetermined threshold, to a battery recycler, instructions to perform pyrometallurgy or hydrometallurgy on the battery positive electrode.

14. A computer readable computer program for performing the method of any one of claims 1 to 13 on a computer.

15. Memory and at least one processor coupled to the memory and configured to execute at least one computer-readable program contained in the memory; The at least one program receiving first discharge data associated with a first discharge rate for the battery; receiving second discharge data associated with a second discharge rate for the battery; receiving third discharge data associated with a third discharge rate for the battery; a command for estimating a positive electrode capacity of the battery based on the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, the third discharge rate, the first discharge data, the second discharge data, and the third discharge data, The first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, and the third discharge rate are different from each other.

16. 16. The battery recycling system of claim 15, wherein the first discharge rate is a maximum discharge rate of the battery.

17. 16. The battery recycling system of claim 15, wherein the respective discharge data includes a discharge capacity of a full cell of the battery associated with the respective discharge rate.

18. 18. The battery recycling system of claim 17, wherein estimating the positive electrode capacity of the battery includes estimating a linear function representing a relationship between the discharge rate of the battery and the discharge capacity of a full cell of the battery based on the first discharge rate, the second discharge rate, the third discharge rate, the first discharge data, the second discharge data, and the third discharge data.

19. Estimating the positive electrode capacity of the battery includes: A coefficient of determination (R 2 ) and 20. The battery recycling system of claim 18, further comprising: determining whether the coefficient of determination is greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold.

20. further comprising a battery recycling device; The at least one program determining a recycling method for the positive electrode of the battery based on the estimated positive electrode capacity of the battery; The battery recycling system of claim 15, further comprising an instruction code for transmitting instructions related to the determined recycling method to the battery recycling device.

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