Olefin / silane interpolymer compositions having excellent thermal oxidation resistance

Abstract

A process for forming a composition, and related compositions, comprising the steps of: a) at least one olefin / silane interpolymer containing at least one Si—H group; and b) mixing at least one hindered phenol selected from formula H as described herein.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] Heat aging is an important performance characteristic for polymer compositions. Antioxidants, such as primary antioxidants such as hindered phenols and secondary antioxidants such as phosphites or thioethers, are necessary to improve the thermo-oxidative resistance of polymer formulations. However, there is a need for new polymer compositions and related processes that improve thermo-oxidative resistance beyond what can be achieved using antioxidants.

[0002] US Pat. No. 6,624,254 discloses the synthesis of silane-functionalized polymers and polymer transformations by coupling, hydrolysis, hydrolysis and neutralization, condensation, oxidation, and hydrosilylation (see abstract). This patent discloses a polymer composition containing tris(2,4-di-(tert)-butylphenyl phosphite and tetrakis[methylene(3,5-di-(tert)-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate)]methane (see column 31, lines 58-63). See also U.S. Pat. No. 6,258,902. Silyl terminated polyolefins and / or silane functionalized polyolefins are disclosed in the following references: U.S. Pat. No. 6,075,103; U.S. Pat. No. 5,578,690; H. Makio et al., Silanolytic Chain Transfer in Olefin Polymerization with Supported Single-Site Ziegler-Natta Catalysts, Macromolecules, 2001, 34, 4676-4679; SBAmin et al., Alkenylsilane Effects on Organotitanium-Catalyzed Ethylene Polymerization Toward Simultaneous Polyolefin Branch and Functional Group Introduction, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2006, 128, 4506-4507.

[0003] US Patent 10,308,829 discloses a polymer composition comprising a polyolefin having hydrolyzable silane groups, an organic peroxide, and optionally a catalyst for catalyzing hydrolysis and condensation (see Abstract). Second step crosslinking was observed in the presence of a silanol condensation catalyst (e.g., sulfonic acid or blocked sulfonic acid) to further link the hydrolyzable silane groups in the polymer chain and improve crosslinking efficiency. The hydrolyzable silane groups include alkoxy groups, aryloxy groups, aliphatic acyloxy groups, amino or substituted amino groups, and lower alkyl groups (see, e.g., column 4, lines 30-49). The polymer composition may contain one or more additives including antioxidants (see column 7, lines 36-44).

[0004] US Patent No. 5,741,858 discloses a silane crosslinked blend comprising: a) a polyolefin elastomer having a density of less than 0.885 g / cc, b) a crystalline polyolefin, and c) a silane crosslinker (see claim 1). Suitable silanes contain hydrolyzable groups, such as, for example, alkoxy groups, aryloxy groups, aliphatic acyloxy groups, amino or substituted amino groups, and lower alkyl groups (see, for example, column 1, lines 44-60). Silanes are typically grafted onto the elastomer backbone, requiring an additional processing step before crosslinking. Crosslinking of silane-grafted polymers is promoted by a catalyst. Additives used in the preparation of articles include antioxidants (see column 9, lines 59-62). See also US Patent Application Publication No. 2019 / 0225786.

[0005] However, there remains a need for new compositions and related methods that improve thermo-oxidative resistance beyond that which can be achieved with antioxidants. These needs are met by the following inventions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In a first aspect, a process for forming a composition is provided, the process comprising: a) at least one olefin / silane interpolymer containing at least one Si—H group; and b) at least one hindered phenol selected from formula H,

[0007] [ka] (Formula H), wherein R1 is selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl; R2 is selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl; R3 is selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl; R4 is selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl; R5 is selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl; R3 and R4 may optionally form a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbylene ring structure, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbylene ring structure; R2 and R3 may optionally form a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbylene ring structure, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbylene ring structure; and at least one of R1 and R5 is a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl.

[0008] In a second aspect, a composition is provided comprising at least the following components: a) at least one olefin / silane interpolymer containing at least one Si—H group; and b) at least one hindered phenol selected from formula H. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1]Shown are OIT profiles for CE-3 (Si POE AO-2, top profile, straight line) and IE-2 (Si POE AO-5, bottom profile, dashed line), each determined by DSC. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] The compositions and associated methods of the present invention, as described above, have been found to provide improved thermo-oxidative resistance.Surprisingly, the compositions of the present invention have been found to provide increased Oxidative Induction Time (OIT), an indicator of heat aging performance, compared to similar compositions discussed below.It has been found that there is some synergy between SiH groups and hindered phenols (AOs) that improves the efficiency of the AOs.

[0011] As discussed, in a first aspect, there is a process for forming a composition, the process comprising mixing at least components a and b as described above. In a second aspect, the composition comprises at least components a) and b) as described above.

[0012] The process of the present invention may comprise a combination of two or more embodiments as described herein. The composition of the present invention may comprise a combination of two or more embodiments as described herein. Each component a and b may comprise a combination of two or more embodiments as described herein. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments apply to the first and second aspects of the present invention. With reference to the notation used in formula H, R 1 = R1, R 2 = R2, R 3 =R3, etc.

[0013] In one embodiment, or a combination of two or more embodiments, each described herein, composition (C) has an increased oxidation induction time (OIT) compared to a similar composition (SC) comprising the same components except that the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a is replaced with a similar olefin-based polymer containing the same monomer types as the interpolymer of component a, except that the olefin-based polymer does not contain "a silane containing at least one Si-H group", wherein the olefin-based polymer has a density within ±0.005 g / cc of the density of the interpolymer of component a and a melt index (I2) within ±0.5 g / 10 min of the melt index of the interpolymer of component a, and the OIT is determined by DSC.

[0014] In one embodiment, or a combination of two or more embodiments, each described herein, composition (C) has an increase in OIT that is ≧5.0%, or ≧10%, or ≧11%, or ≧12%, or 14%, or ≧16%, or ≧18%, or ≧19%, or ≧20%, or ≧25%, or ≧30%, or ≧35%, or ≧40%, or ≧45%, or ≧50%, or ≧55%, or 60%, or ≧65% greater than the OIT of the analogous composition (SC) as determined from the following equation Y: Increase in OIT (%)=[(OIT(C)-OIT(SC)) / OIT(SC)]×100, where "OIT(C)" is the OIT value of the composition and "OIT(SC)" is the OIT value of the analogous composition.

[0015] In one embodiment, or a combination of two or more embodiments, each described herein, for formula H, R1 is selected from H, unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl, R2 is selected from H or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, R3 is selected from H, unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl, R4 is selected from H or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl, R5 is selected from H, unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl, R3 and R4 may optionally form a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbylene ring structure, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbylene ring structure, R2 and R3 may optionally form a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbylene ring structure, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbylene ring structure, and at least one of R1 and R5 is a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl.

[0016] In one embodiment, or a combination of two or more embodiments, each described herein, for formula H, R1 and R5 are each independently H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, -CH 2 -S-alkyl, -CH 2 -Phenol, -CH 2 -substituted phenol, benzotriazole, substituted benzotriazole, -O-alkyl, or O-substituted alkyl, further selected from H, alkyl (e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, tert-amyl, isoamyl), -CH 2 -phenol, benzotriazole, or -O-alkyl, further selected from H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, tert-amyl, or isoamyl.

[0017] In one embodiment, or a combination of two or more embodiments, each described herein, for formula H, R1 is selected from H, unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, and further from H or alkyl, R2 is selected from H, unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, and further from H or alkyl, R4 is selected from H, unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, and further from H or alkyl, and R5 is selected from H, unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, and further from H or alkyl.

[0018] In one embodiment, or a combination of two or more embodiments, each described herein, formula H is selected from structures 1) to 50) as follows: 1) 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol; 2) 2-(tert-butyl)-4,6-dimethylphenol; 3) 2-(tert-butyl)-4-ethyl-6-methyl-phenol; 4) 2-(tert-butyl)-4-isopropyl-6-methylphenol; 5) 2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenol; 6) 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenol; 7) 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-isopropylphenol;8) 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol;9) 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol;10) 2-(tert-butyl)-6-methylphenol;11) 2,6-diisopropyl-4-methylphenol;12) ​​2-isopropyl-4,6-dimethylphenol;13) 4-ethyl-2-isopropyl-6-methylphenol;14) 2,4-diisopropyl-6-methylphenol;15) 4-(tert-butyl)-2-isopropyl-6-methylphenol 16) 2-(tert-butyl)-6-isopropyl-4-methylphenol; 17) 2-(tert-butyl)-4-ethyl-6-isopropylphenol; 18) 2-(tert-butyl)-4,6-diisopropylphenol; 19) 2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-isopropylphenol; 20) 2-(tert-butyl)-4-methyl-6-(tert-pentyl)phenol; 21) 4-methyl-2,6-di-tert-pentylphenol; 22) 2,4-dimethyl-6-(tert-pentyl)phenol; 23) 2-Ethyl-4-methyl-6-(tert-pentyl)phenol;24) 2-(tert-butyl)-6-ethyl-4-methylphenol;25) 2-Ethyl-6-isopropyl-4-methylphenol;26) 2,6-Diethyl-4-methylphenol;27) Octadecyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate (IRGANOX1076);28) Pentaerythritol tetrakis[3-[3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl]propionate (IRGANOX1010);29) 1,3,5-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione (IRGANOX3114); 30) (1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,5-tris(3',5'-di-tert-butyl)-4'-hydroxybenzyl)-benzene (IRGANOX1330); 31) Hexamethylenebis[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate (IRGANOX259); 32) Benzenepropionate 33) 3,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxybenzenepropanoic acid, thiodi-2,1-ethanediyl ester (IRGANOX1035); 34) N,N'-(hexane-1,6-diyl)bis[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanamide] (IRGANOX1098); 35) 1,2-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl 36) 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-(4,6-bis(octylthio)-1,3,5-triazin-2-ylamino)phenol (IRGANOX565); 37) Ethylenebis(oxyethylene)bis-(3-(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-m-tolyl)-propionate) (IRGANOX245); 38) 4,6-bis(octylthiomethyl)-o-cresol (IRGANOX1520); 39) 4,6- Bis(dodecylthiomethyl)-o-cresol (IRGANOX1726);40) 1,3,5-tris(4-(tert-butyl)-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione (CYANOX1790);41) Phenol, 2-(5-chloro-2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methyl (TINUVIN326);42) Phenol, 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-methyl (TINUVIN P);43) 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-ditertpentylphenol (TINUVIN328);44) 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol (TINUVIN 329); 45) Phenol, 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-methyl-6-dodecyl (TINUVIN 571); 46) 2,2'-methylenebis(6-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol) (TINUVIN 360); 47) 2-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine 48) 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-bis(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl)phenol (TINUVIN 234); 49) 4,4''-thiobis(2-tert-butyl-5-methylphenol (TBM-6); or 50) 3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol (IRGANOX E201).

[0019] In one embodiment, or a combination of two or more embodiments, each of which is described herein, the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a is an ethylene / silane interpolymer, or an ethylene / α-olefin / silane interpolymer, or an ethylene / α-olefin / silane terpolymer. In one embodiment, or a combination of two or more embodiments, each of which is described herein, the α-olefin of the ethylene / α-olefin / silane interpolymer or terpolymer is a C3 to C20 α-olefin, or a C3 to C10 α-olefin, or a C3 to C8 α-olefin, or one of propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, or 1-octene, or one of propylene, 1-butene, or 1-octene, or one of 1-butene or 1-octene, or 1-octene.

[0020] In one embodiment, or a combination of two or more embodiments, each of which is described herein, the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a comprises, in polymerized form, ≧0.10 wt%, or ≧0.20 wt%, or ≧0.40 wt%, or ≧0.60 wt%, or ≧0.80 wt%, or ≧1.0 wt%, or ≧1.2 wt%, or ≧1.3 wt%, or ≧1.4 wt%, or ≧1.5 wt%, based on the weight of the interpolymer. In one embodiment, or a combination of two or more embodiments, each of which is described herein, the interpolymer of component a comprises, in polymerized form, ≦40 wt%, or ≦30 wt%, or ≦20 wt%, or ≦10 wt%, or ≦8.0 wt%, or ≦6.0 wt%, or ≦5.0 wt%, or ≦4.5 wt%, or ≦4.0 wt%, based on the weight of the interpolymer.

[0021] In one embodiment, or a combination of two or more embodiments, each described herein, the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a has a density of ≧0.855 g / cc, or ≧0.856 g / cc, or ≧0.857 g / cc, or ≧0.858 g / cc, or ≧0.859 g / cc, or ≧0.860 g / cc, or ≧0.861 g / cc, or ≧0.862 g / cc, or ≧0.863 g / cc, or ≧0.864 g / cc, or ≧0.865 g / cc, or ≧0.866 g / cc, or ≧0.867 g / cc, or ≧0.868 g / cc, or ≧0.869 g / cc, or ≧0.870 g / cc (1 cc=1 cm 3 In one embodiment, or a combination of two or more embodiments, each described herein, the interpolymer of component a has a density of ≦0.940 g / cc, or ≦0.930 g / cc, or ≦0.920 g / cc, or ≦0.910 g / cc, or ≦0.900 g / cc, or ≦0.890 g / cc, or ≦0.888 g / cc, or ≦0.886 g / cc, or ≦0.884 g / cc, or ≦0.882 g / cc, or ≦0.881 g / cc, or ≦0.880 g / cc, or ≦0.879 g / cc.

[0022] In one embodiment, or a combination of two or more embodiments, each described herein, the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a has a melt index (I2) of ≧0.2 g / 10 min, or ≧0.5 g / 10 min, or ≧0.6 g / 10 min, or ≧0.7 g / 10 min, or ≧0.8 g / 10 min. In one embodiment, or a combination of two or more embodiments, each described herein, the interpolymer of component a has a melt index (I2) of ≦100 g / 10 min, or ≦50 g / 10 min, or ≦20 g / 10 min, or ≦18 g / 10 min, or ≦16 g / 10 min, or ≦14 g / 10 min, or ≦12 g / 10 min, or ≦10 g / 10 min, or ≦8.0 g / 10 min, or ≦6.0 g / 10 min, or ≦4.0 g / 10 min, or ≦2.0 g / 10 min, or ≦1.0 g / 10 min.

[0023] In one embodiment, or a combination of two or more embodiments, each described herein, the weight ratio of component a to component b is ≧200, or ≧220, or ≧240, or ≧260, or ≧280, or ≧300, or ≧310, or ≧320, or ≧330. In one embodiment, or a combination of two or more embodiments, each described herein, the weight ratio of component a to component b is ≦1000, or ≦900, or ≦800, or ≦780, or ≦760, or ≦740, or ≦720, or ≦700, or ≦680, or ≦670.

[0024] In one embodiment, or a combination of two or more embodiments, each described herein, the process further comprises further heat treating the ingredients during or after mixing at a temperature of ≧40° C., or ≧50° C., or ≧60° C., or ≧70° C., or ≧80° C., or ≧90° C., or ≧95° C., or ≧100° C., or ≧105° C., or ≧110° C. In one embodiment, or a combination of two or more embodiments, each described herein, the process further comprises further heat treating the ingredients during or after mixing at a temperature of ≦190° C., or ≦180° C., or ≦170° C., or ≦160° C., or ≦150° C., or ≦140° C., or ≦130° C., or ≦120° C., or ≦115° C.

[0025] Also provided are compositions formed by the process of one embodiment, or a combination of two or more embodiments, each described herein.

[0026] Also provided are blend compositions comprising thermoplastic polymers, each of which comprises a composition according to one embodiment or a combination of two or more embodiments described herein, that differ from the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a in one or more characteristics, such as monomer type, monomer amount, monomer distribution, density, melt index (I2), Mn, Mw, MWD, or any combination thereof.

[0027] Also provided are articles that include at least one component that forms a composition of one embodiment, or a combination of two or more embodiments, each described herein.

[0028] Silane Monomer Silane monomers, as used herein, contain at least one (type) Si-H group. In one embodiment, the silane monomer is selected from formula 1 described herein. Some examples of silane monomers include hexenyl silane, allyl silane, vinyl silane, octenyl silane, hexenyl dimethyl silane, octenyl dimethyl silane, vinyl dimethyl silane, vinyl diethyl silane, vinyl di(n-butyl) silane, vinyl methyl octadecyl silane, vinyl diphenyl silane, vinyl dibenzyl silane, allyl dimethyl silane, allyl diethyl silane, allyl di(n-butyl) silane, allyl methyl octadecyl silane, allyl diphenyl silane, bis hexenyl silane, and allyidibenzyl silane. Mixtures of the aforementioned alkenyl silanes may also be used. More specific examples of silane monomers are described herein.

[0029] Antioxidants Antioxidants protect compositions from degradation, usually caused by reaction with oxygen, induced by heat, light, or residual catalysts from raw materials, etc. Suitable antioxidants include hindered phenols and polyfunctional phenols such as sulfur- and phosphorus-containing phenols. Representative hindered phenols include, but are not limited to, 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene, pentaerythrityl tetrakis-3(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate, n-octadecyl-3(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, 4,4'-methylenebis-(2,6-tert-butyl ... Examples of antioxidants include 4,4'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-o-cresol), 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 6-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)-2,4-bis(n-octyl-thio)-1,3,5 triazine, di-n-octylthio)ethyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-benzoate, and sorbitol hexa[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)-propionate]. Such antioxidants are commercially available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals and include the hindered phenols IRGANOX 565, 1010, 1076, and 1726. See also structures 1)-50), respectively, shown above.

[0030] Representative hindered amines include, but are not limited to, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)sebaceate, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)-2-butyl-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl)propanedioate, and esters of decanedioic acid and bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-(octyloxy)-4-piperidinyl). ter, poly-(N-β-hydroxyethyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxypiperidyl succinate), N,N'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)-N,N'-diformylhexamethylenediamine, N,N'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl)-1,3-benzenedicarboxamide, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl stearate, and the like. Arylamines, representative arylamines include, but are not limited to, 4,4'-bis(α,α-dimethylbenzyl)diphenylamine, N1-(4-methylpentan-2-yl)-N4-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine, N,N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, di([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)amine, (2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline), 9,9-dimethyl-9,10 -dihydroacridine, N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine, N1,N4-di(naphthalen-2-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine, N,N'-bis-(1,4-dimethylpentyl)-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-di-sec-butyl-1,4-phenylenediamine, N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine, 6-ethoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline. Hydroxylamine, a representative hydroxylamine is, but is not limited to, N,N-dioctadecylhydroxylamine.These primary antioxidants act as hydrogen donors for the active oxyl radicals and can be used alone or in combination with themselves or in combination with secondary antioxidants such as phosphite antioxidants such as IRGAFOS 168 available from BASF, or thioesters such as IRGANOX PS802 or IRGANOX PS800, each available from BASF.

[0031] Additives The inventive compositions may include one or more additional additives, including, but not limited to, fillers, scorch retarders, tackifiers, waxes, compatibilizers, adhesion promoters, plasticizers (e.g., oils), blocking agents, antiblocking agents, antistatic agents, mold release agents, antiblocking additives, colorants, dyes, pigments, and combinations thereof.

[0032] definition Unless stated to the contrary, implicit from the context, or customary in the art, all parts and percentages are by weight and all test methods are current as of the filing date of this disclosure.

[0033] As used herein, the term "composition" includes a mixture of materials that comprise the composition, as well as reaction products and decomposition products formed from the materials of the composition. Any reaction or decomposition products are typically present in trace or residual amounts.

[0034] As used herein, the term "polymer" refers to a polymeric compound prepared by polymerizing monomers, whether of the same type or different types. Thus, the generic term polymer includes the term homopolymer (used to refer to a polymer prepared from only one type of monomer, with the understanding that trace amounts of impurities may be incorporated into the polymer structure), and the term interpolymer, as defined herein below. Trace amounts of impurities, such as catalyst residues, may be incorporated into and / or within the polymer. Typically, commercially available polymers are stabilized with very small amounts ("ppm" amounts) of one or more stabilizers.

[0035] As used herein, the term "interpolymer" refers to a polymer prepared by the polymerization of at least two different types of monomers. Thus, the term interpolymer includes the term copolymer (used to refer to a polymer prepared from two different types of monomers) and polymers prepared from more than two different types of monomers.

[0036] As used herein, the term "olefin-based polymer" refers to a polymer that contains, in polymerized form, at least 50 weight percent, or majority weight percent (based on the weight of the polymer), of an olefin, such as ethylene or propylene, and may optionally contain one or more comonomers.

[0037] As used herein, the term "propylene-based polymer" refers to a polymer that, in polymerized form, contains a majority weight percent propylene (based on the weight of the polymer) and may optionally contain one or more comonomers.

[0038] As used herein, the term "ethylene-based polymer" refers to a polymer that, in polymerized form, contains at least 50 weight percent or majority weight percent ethylene (based on the weight of the polymer) and may optionally contain one or more comonomers.

[0039] As used herein, the term "ethylene / α-olefin interpolymer" refers to a random interpolymer that comprises, in polymerized form, at least 50 weight percent or a majority weight percent of ethylene and an α-olefin (based on the weight of the interpolymer).

[0040] As used herein, the term "ethylene / α-olefin copolymer" refers to a random copolymer that, in polymerized form, contains at least 50 weight percent or a majority weight percent of ethylene (based on the weight of the copolymer) and an α-olefin as the only two monomer types.

[0041] As used herein, the term "olefin multi-block interpolymer" refers to an interpolymer characterized by multiple blocks or segments of two or more polymerized monomer units with different chemical or physical properties. In some embodiments, the multi-block interpolymer can be represented by the following formula: (AB)n, where n is at least 1, and preferably an integer greater than 1, such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 or more. "A" represents a hard block or segment, and "B" represents a soft block or segment. Preferably, the A and B segments are linked in a substantially linear fashion, as opposed to a substantially branched or substantially star-shaped fashion. Preferably, the A and B segments are randomly distributed along the polymer chain. These multi-block interpolymers are generally produced via a chain shuttling process, such as described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,858,706, which is incorporated herein by reference. See also U.S. Patent No. 9,243,173, U.S. Patent No. 7,608,668, U.S. Patent No. 7,893,166, U.S. Patent No. 7,947,793, and U.S. Patent Publication No. 2020 / 0197880, all of which are incorporated herein by reference. The interpolymers comprise, in polymerized form, at least 50% or a majority weight percent (based on the weight of the multi-block interpolymer) of an olefin, such as ethylene or propylene, and one or more comonomers.

[0042] As used herein, the term "ethylene / α-olefin multi-block interpolymer" refers to an interpolymer characterized by multiple blocks or segments of two or more polymerized monomer units having different chemical or physical properties, as described above for the olefin multi-block interpolymer. Ethylene / α-olefin multi-block interpolymers contain, in polymerized form, at least 50% or a majority weight percent of ethylene (based on the weight of the multi-block interpolymer) and an α-olefin.

[0043] As used herein, the term "ethylene / α-olefin multi-block copolymer" refers to a copolymer characterized by multiple blocks or segments of two polymerized monomer units with different chemical or physical properties, as described above for olefin multi-block interpolymers. Ethylene / α-olefin multi-block copolymers contain, in polymerized form, at least 50% or a majority weight percent of ethylene and an α-olefin as the only two monomer types (based on the weight of the multi-block copolymer).

[0044] As used herein, the term "olefin / silane interpolymer" refers to a random interpolymer that comprises at least 50% or majority weight percent of an olefin and a silane monomer in polymerized form (based on the weight of the interpolymer). As used herein, the interpolymer comprises at least one Si-H group, and the phrase "at least one Si-H group" refers to the type of "Si-H" group. It is understood in the art that an interpolymer contains a number of these groups. The olefin / silane interpolymer is formed by copolymerization of at least an olefin and a silane monomer (e.g., using a bis-biphenyl-phenoxy metal complex (or a bis-biphenyloxy metal complex)). An example of a silane monomer is shown in Formula 1, as described herein.

[0045] As used herein, the term "ethylene / silane interpolymer" refers to a random interpolymer that, in polymerized form, comprises at least 50% or a majority weight percent of ethylene and a silane monomer (based on the weight of the interpolymer). As used herein, the interpolymer comprises at least one Si-H group, as described above. The ethylene / silane interpolymer is formed by copolymerization of at least ethylene and a silane monomer.

[0046] As used herein, the term "ethylene / α-olefin / silane interpolymer" refers to a random interpolymer that contains, in polymerized form, at least 50% or a majority weight percent of ethylene, α-olefin, and silane monomer (based on the weight of the interpolymer). As used herein, these interpolymers contain at least one Si-H group, as described above. Ethylene / silane interpolymers are formed by copolymerization of at least ethylene, α-olefin, and silane monomer.

[0047] As used herein, the term "ethylene / α-olefin / silane terpolymer" refers to a random terpolymer that, in polymerized form, contains at least 50% or a majority weight percent (based on the weight of the terpolymer) of ethylene, α-olefin, and silane monomer as the only three monomer types. As used herein, terpolymer contains at least one Si-H group, as described above. Ethylene / silane terpolymer is formed by copolymerization of ethylene, α-olefin, and silane monomer.

[0048] The term "heteroatom" refers to an atom other than hydrogen or carbon (e.g., O, N, or P). The term "heteroatom group" refers to a heteroatom or a chemical group that contains one or more heteroatoms.

[0049] As used herein, the terms "hydrocarbon," "hydrocarbyl," and similar terms refer to respective compounds or chemical groups etc. that contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms. A divalent "hydrocarbylene group" is similarly defined.

[0050] As used herein, "heterohydrocarbon", "heterohydrocarbyl" and similar terms refer, for example, to the respective "hydrocarbon" or "hydrocarbyl groups" in which at least one carbon atom has been replaced with a heteroatom group (e.g., O, N, S, or P). Monovalent heterohydrocarbyl groups may be bonded to the remainder of the compound of interest through a carbon atom or through a heteroatom. Divalent "heterohydrocarbylene" is similarly defined, and divalent heterohydrocarbylene groups may be bonded to the remainder of the compound of interest through two carbon atoms, or two heteroatoms, or a carbon atom and a heteroatom.

[0051] As used herein, the terms "substituted hydrocarbon," "substituted hydrocarbyl," and similar terms refer to the respective hydrocarbon or hydrocarbyl groups in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been independently replaced with a heteroatom group.

[0052] As used herein, the terms "substituted heterohydrocarbon," "substituted heterohydrocarbyl," and similar terms refer to the respective heterohydrocarbon or heterohydrocarbyl groups in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been independently replaced with a heteroatom group.

[0053] As used herein with respect to formula H, the term "hydrocarbylene ring structure" and similar terms refer to a ring structure containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms, which structure is attached (via two carbon atoms) to the "phenyl ring" of formula H at each of two adjacent carbon atoms in the "phenyl ring" of formula H.

[0054] As used herein with respect to formula H, the term "heterohydrocarbylene ring structure" and similar terms refer to a hydrocarbylene ring structure in which at least one carbon atom is replaced with a heteroatom group (e.g., O, N, S, or P), and which structure is bonded (through two carbon atoms, two heteroatoms, or a carbon atom and a heteroatom) to the "phenyl ring" of formula H at each of two adjacent carbon atoms in the "phenyl ring" of formula H. See, for example, IRGANOX E201 (structure 50).

[0055] As used herein, the term "substituted hydrocarbylene ring structure" and similar terms refer to a hydrocarbylene ring structure in which one or more hydrogen atoms are independently replaced with a heteroatom group.

[0056] As used herein, the term "substituted heterohydrocarbylene ring structure" and similar terms refer to a heterohydrocarbylene ring structure in which one or more hydrogen atoms are independently replaced with a heteroatom group.

[0057] For other more specific chemical groups, the term "substituted" is defined in the same manner as discussed above for substituted hydrocarbon, substituted heterohydrocarbon, and other terms.

[0058] As used herein with respect to compositions comprising olefin / silane interpolymers, the terms "heat treating", "thermal treatment", and similar terms refer to the application of heat to the composition. Heat may be applied by electrical means (e.g., heating coils), and / or by radiation, and / or by hot oil, and / or by mechanical shear. It should be noted that the temperature at which the heat treatment is carried out refers to the temperature of the composition (e.g., the melting temperature of the composition).

[0059] The term "alkenyl group," as used herein, refers to an organic chemical group that contains at least one carbon-carbon double bond (C=C). In preferred embodiments, an alkenyl group is a hydrocarbon group that contains at least one carbon-carbon double bond and further contains only one carbon-carbon double bond.

[0060] The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and their derivatives are not intended to exclude the presence of any additional components, steps, or procedures, whether or not they are specifically disclosed. For the avoidance of doubt, all compositions claimed through the use of the term "comprising" may include any additional additives, adjuvants, or compounds, whether polymeric or not, unless stated to the contrary. In contrast, the term "consisting essentially of" excludes from the scope of any ensuing description any other component, step, or procedure, except those that are not essential to operability. The term "consisting of" excludes any component, step, or procedure not specifically defined or listed.

[0061] List of some processes and compositions A] A process for forming a composition comprising at least the following components: a) at least one olefin / silane interpolymer containing at least one Si—H group; and b) at least one hindered phenol selected from formula H,

[0062] [ka] (Formula H), wherein R1 is selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl; R2 is selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl; R3 is selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl; R4 is selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl; R5 is selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl; or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl, R3 and R4 may optionally form a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbylene ring structure or a substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbylene ring structure, R2 and R3 may optionally form a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbylene ring structure or a substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbylene ring structure, and at least one of R1 and R5 is a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl or a substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl. Further, component a comprises an olefin / silane interpolymer comprising at least one Si-H group. B] The process of any one of A] above, wherein composition (C) has an increased oxidative induction time (OIT) compared to a similar composition (SC) comprising the same components except that the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a is replaced with a similar olefin-based polymer containing the same monomer types as the interpolymer of component a except that the olefin-based polymer does not contain "a silane containing at least one Si-H group", wherein the olefin-based polymer has a density within ±0.005 g / cc of the density of the interpolymer of component a and a melt index (I2) within ±0.5 g / 10 minutes of the melt index of the interpolymer of component a, and the OIT is determined by DSC. C] The process described in B] above, wherein composition (C) has an increase in OIT that is ≧5.0%, or ≧10%, or ≧11%, or ≧12%, or 14%, or ≧16%, or ≧18%, or ≧19%, or ≧20%, or ≧25%, or ≧30%, or ≧35%, or ≧40%, or ≧45%, or ≧50%, or ≧55%, or 60%, or ≧65% greater than the OIT of an analogous composition (SC), as determined from the following equation Y:OIT Increase (%)=[(OIT(C)-OIT(SC)) / OIT(SC)]×100, where "OIT(C)" is the OIT value of the composition and "OIT(SC)" is the OIT value of the analogous composition. D] The process according to any one of A] to C] above (A] to C]), wherein for formula H, R1 is selected from H, unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl, R2 is selected from H or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, R3 is selected from H, unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl, R4 is selected from H or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl, R5 is selected from H, unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl, R3 and R4 may optionally form a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbylene ring structure, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbylene ring structure, R2 and R3 may optionally form a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbylene ring structure, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbylene ring structure, and at least one of R1 and R5 is substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl. E] For formula H, R1 and R5 are each independently H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, -CH 2 -S-alkyl, -CH 2 -Phenol, -CH 2 -substituted phenol, benzotriazole, substituted benzotriazole, -O-alkyl, or O-substituted alkyl, further selected from H, alkyl (e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, tert-amyl, isoamyl), -CH 2The process according to any one of A] to D] above, wherein -O-alkyl is selected from phenol, benzotriazole, or -O-alkyl, and further selected from H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, tert-amyl, or isoamyl. F] The process according to any one of A] to E] above, wherein for formula H, R1 is selected from H, unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, and further from H or alkyl, R2 is selected from H, unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, and further from H or alkyl, R4 is selected from H, unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, and further from H or alkyl, and R5 is selected from H, unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, and further from H or alkyl. G] The process described in any one of A] to F] above, wherein for formula H, R2=R4 and R1=R5. H] The process described in any one of A] to G] above, wherein formula H is selected from structures 1) to 50), each of which is described herein, further from structures 27), 28), 37), 40), 49) or 50), each of which is described herein. I] The process of any one of A]-H] above, wherein the process further comprises heat treating the ingredients during or after mixing at a temperature of ≧40°C, or ≧50°C, or ≧60°C, or ≧70°C, or ≧80°C, or ≧90°C, or ≧95°C, or ≧100°C, or ≧105°C, or ≧110°C. J] The process of any one of A]-I] above, wherein the process further comprises further heat treating the ingredients during or after mixing at a temperature of ≦190°C, or ≦180°C, or ≦170°C, or ≦160°C, or ≦150°C, or ≦140°C, or ≦130°C, or ≦120°C, or ≦115°C. K] The process according to any one of A] to J] above, wherein the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a is an ethylene / silane interpolymer, or an ethylene / α-olefin / silane interpolymer, and / or an ethylene / α-olefin / silane terpolymer. L] The process of any one of A] to K] above, wherein the α-olefin of the ethylene / α-olefin / silane interpolymer or terpolymer is a C3 to C20 α-olefin, or a C3 to C10 α-olefin, or a C3 to C8 α-olefin, or one of propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, or 1-octene, or one of propylene, 1-butene, or 1-octene, or one of 1-butene or 1-octene, or 1-octene. M] The process of any one of A]-L] above, wherein the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a contains, in polymerized form, ≧0.10 wt.%, or ≧0.20 wt.%, or ≧0.40 wt.%, or ≧0.60 wt.%, or ≧0.80 wt.%, or ≧1.0 wt.%, or ≧1.2 wt.%, or ≧1.3 wt.%, or ≧1.4 wt.%, or ≧1.5 wt.% of the silane, based on the weight of the interpolymer. N] The process of any one of A]-M] above, wherein the interpolymer of component a contains, in polymerized form, ≦40 wt.%, or ≦30 wt.%, or ≦20 wt.%, or ≦10 wt.%, or ≦8.0 wt.%, or ≦6.0 wt.%, or ≦5.0 wt.%, or ≦4.5 wt.%, or ≦4.0 wt.% of the silane, based on the weight of the interpolymer.

[0063] O] The process according to any one of A] to N] above, wherein the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a has a density of ≧0.855g / cc, or ≧0.856g / cc, or ≧0.857g / cc, or ≧0.858g / cc, or ≧0.859g / cc, or ≧0.860g / cc, or ≧0.861g / cc, or ≧0.862g / cc, or ≧0.863g / cc, or ≧0.864g / cc, or ≧0.865g / cc, or ≧0.866g / cc, or ≧0.867g / cc, or ≧0.868g / cc, or ≧0.869g / cc, or ≧0.870g / cc. P] The process according to any one of A] to O] above, wherein the interpolymer of component a has a density of ≦0.940 g / cc, or ≦0.930 g / cc, or ≦0.920 g / cc, or ≦0.910 g / cc, or ≦0.900 g / cc, or ≦0.890 g / cc, or ≦0.888 g / cc, or ≦0.886 g / cc, or ≦0.884 g / cc, or ≦0.882 g / cc, or ≦0.881 g / cc, or ≦0.880 g / cc, or ≦0.879 g / cc. Q] The process described in any one of A] to P] above, wherein the interpolymer of component a has a melt index (I2) of ≧0.2 g / 10 min, or ≧0.5 g / 10 min, or ≧0.6 g / 10 min, or ≧0.7 g / 10 min, or ≧0.8 g / 10 min. R] The process of any one of A] to Q] above, wherein the interpolymer of component a has a melt index (I2) of ≦100 g / 10 min, or ≦50 g / 10 min, or ≦20 g / 10 min, or ≦18 g / 10 min, or ≦16 g / 10 min, or ≦14 g / 10 min, or ≦12 g / 10 min, or ≦10 g / 10 min, or ≦8.0 g / 10 min, or ≦6.0 g / 10 min, or ≦4.0 g / 10 min, or ≦2.0 g / 10 min, or ≦1.0 g / 10 min. S] A composition formed from the process described in any one of A]-R] above. T] A composition comprising at least the following components: a) at least one olefin / silane interpolymer containing at least one Si—H group; and b) A composition comprising at least one hindered phenol (see A) selected from formula H above. U] The composition described in T] above, wherein component a comprises an olefin / silane interpolymer containing at least one Si-H group. V] A composition described in T] or U] above, wherein composition (C) has an increased oxidative induction time (OIT) compared to an analogous composition (SC) comprising the same components except that the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a is replaced with an analogous olefin-based polymer containing the same monomer types as the interpolymer of component a except that the olefin-based polymer does not contain "a silane containing at least one Si-H group", wherein the olefin-based polymer has a density within ±0.005 g / cc of the density of the interpolymer of component a and a melt index (I2) within ±0.5 g / 10 minutes of the melt index of the interpolymer of component a, and the OIT is determined by DSC. W] A composition as described in V] above, wherein composition (C) has an increase in OIT that is ≧5.0%, or ≧10%, or ≧11%, or ≧12%, or 14%, or ≧16%, or ≧18%, or ≧19%, or ≧20%, or ≧25%, or ≧30%, or ≧35%, or ≧40%, or ≧45%, or ≧50%, or ≧55%, or 60%, or ≧65% greater than the OIT of an analogous composition (SC), as determined from the following equation Y:OIT Increase (%)=[(OIT(C)-OIT(SC)) / OIT(SC)]×100, where "OIT(C)" is the OIT value of the composition and "OIT(SC)" is the OIT value of the analogous composition. X] A composition according to any one of the above T] to W], wherein for formula H, R1 is selected from H, unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl, R2 is selected from H or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, R3 is selected from H, unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl, R4 is selected from H or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl, R5 is selected from H, unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl, R3 and R4 may optionally form a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbylene ring structure, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbylene ring structure, R2 and R3 may optionally form a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbylene ring structure, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbylene ring structure, and at least one of R1 and R5 is substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl. For formula H, R1 and R5 are each independently H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, -CH 2 -S-alkyl, -CH 2 -Phenol, -CH 2 -substituted phenol, benzotriazole, substituted benzotriazole, -O-alkyl, or O-substituted alkyl, further selected from H, alkyl (e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, tert-amyl, isoamyl), -CH 2 The composition according to any one of the above T] to X], wherein -phenol, benzotriazole, or -O-alkyl is selected from H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, tert-amyl, or isoamyl. Z] A composition according to any one of the above T] to Y], wherein for formula H, R1 is selected from H, unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, and further from H or alkyl, R2 is selected from H, unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, and further from H or alkyl, R4 is selected from H, unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, and further from H or alkyl, and R5 is selected from H, unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, and further from H or alkyl. A2] A composition according to any one of the above T] to Z], wherein for formula H, R2 = R4 and R1 = R5. B2] The composition according to any one of the above T] to A2], wherein formula H is selected from structures 1) to 50), each of which is described herein, and further from structures 27), 28), 37), 40), 49) or 50), each of which is described herein. C2] The composition according to any one of T] to B2] above, wherein the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a is an ethylene / silane interpolymer, or an ethylene / α-olefin / silane interpolymer, or an ethylene / α-olefin / silane terpolymer. D2] The composition according to C2] above, wherein the α-olefin of the ethylene / α-olefin / silane interpolymer or terpolymer is a C3-C20 α-olefin, or a C3-C10 α-olefin, or a C3-C8 α-olefin, or one of propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, or 1-octene, or one of propylene, 1-butene, or 1-octene, or one of 1-butene or 1-octene, or 1-octene. E2] The composition according to any one of T]-D2] above, wherein the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a contains, in polymerized form, ≧0.10 wt.%, or ≧0.20 wt.%, or ≧0.40 wt.%, or ≧0.60 wt.%, or ≧0.80 wt.%, or ≧1.0 wt.%, or ≧1.2 wt.%, or ≧1.3 wt.%, or ≧1.4 wt.%, or ≧1.5 wt.% of the silane, based on the weight of the interpolymer. F2] The composition according to any one of T]-E2] above, wherein the interpolymer of component a contains, in polymerized form, ≦40 wt.%, or ≦30 wt.%, or ≦20 wt.%, or ≦10 wt.%, or ≦8.0 wt.%, or ≦6.0 wt.%, or ≦5.0 wt.%, or ≦4.5 wt.%, or ≦4.0 wt.% of the silane, based on the weight of the interpolymer. G2] The olefin / silane interpolymer of component a has a density of ≧0.855g / cc, or ≧0.856g / cc, or ≧0.857g / cc, or ≧0.858g / cc, or ≧0.859g / cc, or ≧0.860g / cc, or ≧0.861g / cc, or ≧0.862g / cc, or ≧0.863g / cc, or ≧0.864g / cc, or ≧0.865g / cc, or ≧0.866g / cc, or ≧0.867g / cc, or ≧0.868g / cc, or ≧0.869g / cc, or ≧0.870g / cc. H2] The composition according to any one of the above T] to G2], wherein the interpolymer of component a has a density of ≦0.940 g / cc, or ≦0.930 g / cc, or ≦0.920 g / cc, or ≦0.900 g / cc, or ≦0.890 g / cc, or ≦0.888 g / cc, or ≦0.886 g / cc, or ≦0.884 g / cc, or ≦0.882 g / cc, or ≦0.881 g / cc, or ≦0.880 g / cc, or ≦0.879 g / cc. I2] The composition described in any one of the above T] to H2], wherein the interpolymer of component a has a melt index (I2) of ≧0.2 g / 10 min, or ≧0.5 g / 10 min, or ≧0.6 g / 10 min, or ≧0.7 g / 10 min, or ≧0.8 g / 10 min. J2] The composition according to any one of the above T] to I2], wherein the interpolymer of component a has a melt index (I2) of ≦100 g / 10 min, or ≦50 g / 10 min, or ≦20 g / 10 min, or ≦18 g / 10 min, or ≦16 g / 10 min, or ≦14 g / 10 min, or ≦12 g / 10 min, or ≦10 g / 10 min, or ≦8.0 g / 10 min, or ≦6.0 g / 10 min, or ≦4.0 g / 10 min, or ≦2.0 g / 10 min, or ≦1.0 g / 10 min. A3] The process according to any one of A] to R] above, or the composition according to any one of S] or T] to J2] above, wherein the hindered phenol of component b has a molecular weight of ≧50 g / mol, or ≧100 g / mol, or ≧150 g / mol, or ≧200 g / mol, or ≧250 g / mol, or ≧300 g / mol, or ≧350 g / mol and / or ≦2000 g / mol, or ≦1800 g / mol, or ≦1600 g / mol, or ≦1400 g / mol, or ≦1200 g / mol. B3] The process described in any one of A] to R] or A3] above, or the composition described in any one of S], T] to J2] or A3] above, wherein the silane of the olefin / silane interpolymer (of component a) is derived from a silane monomer selected from Formula 1. A-(SiBC-O) x -Si-EFH (Formula 1), where A is an alkenyl group; B is a hydrocarbyl group or hydrogen and C is a hydrocarbyl group or hydrogen, where B and C may be the same or different; H is hydrogen and x≧0; E is a hydrocarbyl group or hydrogen, F is a hydrocarbyl group or hydrogen, and E and F may be the same or different. C3] The process according to B3] above, or the composition according to B3] above, wherein for formula 1, x is 0 to 10, or 0 to 8, or 0 to 6, or 0 to 4, or 0 to 2, or 0 or 1, or 0. D3] The process described in B3] or C3] above, or the composition described in B3] or C3] above, wherein, in formula 1, A is a C2-C50 alkenyl group, or a C2-C40 alkenyl group, or a C2-C30 alkenyl group, or a C2-C20 alkenyl group. E3] With respect to formula 1, A is one of the following structures i) to iv): i)R 1 R 2 C=CR 3 -(In the formula, R 1 , R 2each is independently hydrogen or an alkyl group; R 3 is hydrogen and R 1 , and R 2 may be the same or different), ii) R 1 R 2 C=CR 3 -(CR 4 R 5 ) n -(In the formula, R 1 , R 2 , R 4 , R 5 Each of R is independently hydrogen or an alkyl group; 3 is hydrogen, and R 1 , R 2 , R 4 , R 5 may be the same or different, and n is 1 to 10, or 1 to 8, or 1 to 6, or 1 to 4, or 1 to 2, or 1; iii)

[0064] [ka] (In the formula, R 1 and R 2 Each of R is independently hydrogen or an alkyl group; 1 and R 2 may be the same or different, and n is 1 to 10, or 1 to 8, or 1 to 6, or 1 to 4, or 1 to 2, or 1; or iv)

[0065] [ka] (In the formula, R 1 and R 2 Each of R is independently hydrogen or an alkyl group; 1 and R 2may be the same or different, and n is selected from 1 to 10, or 1 to 8, or 1 to 6, or 1 to 4, or 1 to 2, or 1. F3] With respect to formula 1, A is one of the following structures i) to iv): i)H 2 C=CH-; ii) H 2 C=CH-(CH 2 ) n where n is 1 to 10, or 1 to 8, or 1 to 6, or 1 to 4, or 1 to 2, or 1, iii)

[0066] [ka] (In the formula, n is 1 to 10, or 1 to 8, or 1 to 6, or 1 to 4, or 1 to 2, or 1), or iv)

[0067] [ka] (In the formula, n is 1 to 10, or 1 to 8, or 1 to 6, or 1 to 4, or 1 to 2, or 1.) The process according to any one of B3] to E3] above, or the composition according to any one of B3] to E3] above, selected from: G3] The process described in any one of B3] to F3] above, or the composition described in any one of B3] to F3] above, wherein for formula 1, B is alkyl, or C1 to C5 alkyl, or C1 to C4 alkyl, or C1 to C3 alkyl, or C1 to C2 alkyl, or methyl. H3] The process described in any one of B3] to G3] above, or the composition described in any one of B3] to G3] above, wherein for formula 1, C is alkyl, or C1 to C5 alkyl, or C1 to C4 alkyl, or C1 to C3 alkyl, or C1 to C2 alkyl, or methyl. I3] The process described in any one of B3] to H3] above, or the composition described in any one of B3] to H3] above, wherein for formula 1, E is alkyl, or C1 to C5 alkyl, or C1 to C4 alkyl, or C1 to C3 alkyl, or C1 to C2 alkyl, or methyl. J3] The process described in any one of B3] to I3] above, or the composition described in any one of B3] to I3] above, wherein for formula 1, F is alkyl, or C1-C5 alkyl, or C1-C4 alkyl, or C1-C3 alkyl, or C1-C2 alkyl, or methyl. K3] The process according to any one of B3] to J3] above, or the composition according to any one of B3] to J3] above, wherein formula 1 is selected from compounds s1) to s16):

[0068] [ka] L3] The process according to K3] above, or the composition according to K3] above, wherein formula 1 is selected from compounds s1) to s8) above. M3] The process according to K3] above, or the composition according to K3] above, wherein formula 1 is selected from compounds s9) to s16) above. The process according to any one of B3] to K3] above, or the composition according to any one of B3] to K3] above, wherein N3] the silane monomer is selected from the following compounds: allyldimethylsilane, 3-butenyldimethyl-silane, 1-(but-3-en-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-disiloxane (BuMMH), 1-(hex-5-en-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane (HexMMH), (2-bicyclo-[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-yl)ethyl)dimethyl-silane (NorDMS) or 1-(2-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-yl)ethyl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane (NorMMH), or any combination thereof. O3] The olefin / silane interpolymer of component a has a melting temperature (T m A process as described in any one of A] to R] or A3] to N3] above, or a composition as described in any one of S], T] to J2] or A3] to N3] above, comprising the steps of: P3] The process of any one of A]-R] or A3]-O3] above, or the composition of any one of S], T]-J2] or A3]-O3] above, wherein the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a has a molecular weight distribution (MWD=Mw / Mn) of ≧1.5, or ≧1.6, or ≧1.7, or ≧1.8, or ≧1.9, or ≧2.0, and / or ≦5.0, or ≦4.5, or ≦4.0, or ≦3.5, or ≦3.0, or ≦2.9, or ≦2.8, or ≦2.7, or ≦2.6, or ≦2.5, or ≦2.4, or ≦2.3. Q3] The olefin / silane interpolymer of component a has a molecular weight of ≧10,000 g / mol, or ≧15,000 g / mol, or ≧20,000 g / mol, or ≧25,000 g / mol, or ≧30,000 g / mol, or ≧35,000 g / mol, or ≧40,000 g / mol and / or ≦100,000 g / mol, or ≦90,000 g / mol, or ≦80, The process described in any one of A] to R] or A3] to P3] above, or the composition described in any one of S], T] to J2] or A3] to P3] above, having a number average molecular weight (Mn) of ≦75,000 g / mol, or ≦70,000 g / mol, or ≦65,000 g / mol, or ≦60,000 g / mol, or ≦55,000 g / mol. R3] The process of any one of A]-R] or A3]-Q3] above, or the composition of any one of S], T]-J2] or A3]-Q3] above, wherein the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of ≧20,000 g / mol, or ≧40,000 g / mol, or ≧60,000 g / mol, or ≧80,000 g / mol, or ≧90,000 g / mol and / or ≦300,000 g / mol, or ≦250,000 g / mol, or ≦200,000 g / mol, or ≦150,000 g / mol, or ≦120,000 g / mol, or ≦110,000 g / mol. S3] A process according to any one of A] to R] or A3] to R3] above, or a composition according to any one of S], T] to J2] or A3] to R3] above, wherein the weight ratio of component a to component b is ≧200, or ≧220, or ≧240, or ≧260, or ≧280, or ≧300, or ≧310, or ≧320, or ≧330. T3] A process as described in any one of A] to R] or A3] to S3] above, or a composition as described in any one of S], T] to J2] or A3] to S3] above, wherein the weight ratio of component a to component b is ≦1000, or ≦900, or ≦800, or ≦780 or less, or 760, or ≦740, or ≦720, or ≦700, or ≦680, or ≦670. U3] The process according to any one of A]-R] or A3]-T3] above, or the composition according to any one of S], T]-J2] or A3]-T3] above, wherein the composition comprises component c (filler), and further component c is present in an amount of ≧30 wt%, ≧40 wt%, ≧50 wt%, ≧60 wt%, or ≧70 wt%, based on the weight of the composition, and / or in an amount of ≦95 wt%, or ≦90 wt%, or ≦85 wt%, or ≦80 wt%, or ≦75 wt%, based on the weight of the composition, and further component c is selected from talc and / or carbon black. V3] The process of any one of A] to R] or A3] to U3] above, or the composition of any one of S], T] to J2] or A3] to U3] above, wherein the composition comprises component d (peroxide), and further wherein component d is present in an amount of ≧0.50 wt.%, ≧1.0 wt.%, ≧2.0 wt.%, or ≧4.0 wt.%, or ≧4.0 wt.%, based on the weight of the composition, and / or in an amount of ≦7.0 wt.%, ≦6.5 wt.%, ≦6.0 wt.%, ≦5.5 wt.%, or ≦5.0 wt.%, based on the weight of the composition. Further, component d is selected from cyclic peroxides or dialkyl, diaryl, dialkaryl, or diaralkyl peroxides having the same or different respective alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, or aralkyl moieties, and further selected from each dialkyl, diaryl, dialkaryl, or diaralkyl peroxide having the same respective alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, or aralkyl moieties. W3] The process according to any one of A]-R] or A3]-V3] above, or the composition according to any one of S], T]-J2] or A3]-V3] above, wherein the composition comprises component e (auxiliary agent), and component e is present in an amount of ≧0.05 wt%, ≧0.10 wt%, ≧0.20 wt%, or ≧0.50 wt%, or ≧1.0 wt%, based on the weight of the composition, and / or in an amount of ≦10 wt%, or ≦15 wt%, or ≦10 wt%, or ≦5.0 wt%, or ≦2.0 wt%, or ≦1.5 wt%, based on the weight of the composition, and further wherein component e is selected from triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC), triallyl cyanurate (TAC), vinyl D4, vinyl D3, vinyl D5, or any combination thereof. X3] The process of any one of A]-R] or A3]-W3] above, or the composition of any one of S], T]-J2] or A3]-W3] above, wherein the composition comprises component f (processing aid), further comprising component f being present in an amount of ≧0.05 wt%, ≧0.10 wt%, ≧0.20 wt%, or ≧0.50 wt%, based on the weight of the composition, and / or in an amount of ≦2.0 wt%, ≦1.5 wt%, or ≦1.0 wt%, based on the weight of the composition, and further comprising component f selected from fluoropolymers of PDMS (e.g., low, medium and high MW PDMS). Y3] The process of any one of A]-R] or A3]-X3] above, or the composition of any one of S], T]-J2] or A3]-X3] above, wherein the composition comprises component g (oil), and further wherein component g is present in an amount of ≧30 wt%, ≧40 wt%, ≧50 wt%, ≧60 wt%, or ≧70 wt%, based on the weight of the composition, and / or in an amount of ≦95 wt%, or ≦90 wt%, or ≦85 wt%, or ≦80 wt%, or ≦75 wt%, based on the weight of the composition, and further wherein component g is a mineral oil. Z3] The process according to any one of A] to R] or A3] to Y3] above, or the composition according to any one of S], T] to J2] or A3] to Y3] above, wherein the composition comprises component h (secondary antioxidant), further comprising component h being present in an amount of ≧0.05 wt.%, ≧0.10 wt.%, ≧0.20 wt.%, or ≧0.50 wt.%, or ≧0.8 wt.%, based on the weight of the composition, and / or in an amount of ≦4.0 wt.%, or ≦2.0 wt.%, or ≦1.5 wt.%, or ≦1.0 wt.%, based on the weight of the composition, and further comprising component h selected from thioethers and / or phosphites, further from thioethers. A4] The process according to any one of A] to R] or A3] to Z3] above, or the composition according to any one of S], T] to J2] or A3] to Z3] above, wherein component a is present in an amount of ≧50.00 wt%, or ≧60.00 wt%, or ≧70.00 wt%, or ≧80.00 wt%, or ≧90.00 wt%, or ≧95.00 wt%, and / or in an amount of ≦99.90 wt%, or ≦99.88 wt%, or ≦99.86 wt%, based on the weight of the composition. B4] The process according to any one of A] to R] or A3] to A4] above, or the composition according to any one of S], T] to J2] or A3] to A4] above, wherein component b is present in an amount of ≧0.05 wt.%, ≧0.10 wt.%, or ≧0.12 wt.%, or ≧0.14 wt.%, based on the weight of the composition, and / or in an amount of ≦1.0 wt.%, or ≦0.70 wt.%, or ≦0.50 wt.%, or ≦0.40 wt.%, or ≦0.35 wt.%, based on the weight of the composition. C4] The process according to any one of A] to R] or A3] to B4] above, or the composition according to any one of S], T] to J2] or A3] to B4] above, wherein the sum of components a and b is present in an amount of ≧50 wt%, or ≧60 wt%, or ≧70 wt%, or ≧75 wt%, or ≧80 wt%, or ≧85 wt%, or ≧90 wt%, or ≧95 wt%, and / or in an amount of ≦100 wt%, or ≦99 wt%, or ≦98 wt%, or ≦96 wt%, based on the weight of the composition. D4] A blend composition comprising the composition according to any one of S], T] to J2] or A3] to C4] above, and a thermoplastic polymer that differs from the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a in one or more characteristics, such as monomer type, monomer amount, monomer distribution, density, melt index (I2), Mn, Mw, MWD, or any combination thereof, or in one or more characteristics, such as monomer type, monomer amount, monomer distribution, density, melt index (I2), or any combination thereof. In a further embodiment, the thermoplastic polymer is selected from olefin-based polymers, further from ethylene-based polymers or propylene-based polymers, further from ethylene-based polymers. E4] A blend composition comprising the composition according to any one of S], T] to J2], or A3] to D4] above, and an ethylene / α-olefin interpolymer or ethylene / α-olefin copolymer, or an ethylene / α-olefin multi-block interpolymer or ethylene / α-olefin multi-block copolymer. F4] A blend composition comprising the composition described in any one of S], T] to J2], or A3] to E4] above, and a polymer selected from the following: ethylene / propylene / non-conjugated diene interpolymer, ethylene / α-olefin copolymer, ethylene / α-olefin multiblock copolymer, polyethylene homopolymer, styrene / ethylene interpolymer (e.g., SEBS), or any combination thereof. G4] Ethylene / α-olefin interpolymer and the α-olefin of the further copolymer is a C3 to C20 α-olefin, or a C3 to C10 α-olefin, or even a C3 to C8 α-olefin, or one of propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene or 1-octene, or one of propylene, 1-butene or 1-octene, or one of 1-butene or 1-octene, or 1-octene, blend composition according to E4] or F4] above. H4] An article comprising at least one component formed from a composition described in any one of S], T]-J2], or A3]-C4] above. I4] An article comprising at least one component formed from a blend composition described in any one of D4]-G4] above. J4] An article according to H4] or I4] above, wherein the article is a foam or a TPV (thermoplastic vulcanizate). K4] An article as described in H4] or I4] above, wherein the article is a motor vehicle. L4] The article according to H4] or I4] above, wherein the article is a solar cell module, a wire or cable, a footwear part, an automotive part, a window profile, a tire, a tube, or a roofing membrane.

[0069] Test Method Gel Permeation Chromatography The chromatography system consisted of a PolymerChar GPC-IR (Valencia, Spain) high temperature GPC chromatograph equipped with an internal IR5 infrared detector (IR5). The autosampler oven compartment was set at 160 degrees Celsius and the column compartment was set at 150 degrees Celsius. The columns were four AGILENT "Mixed A" 30 cm, 20 micron linear mixed bed columns. The chromatography solvent was 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene containing 200 ppm butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The solvent source was nitrogen sparged. The injection volume used was 200 microliters and the flow rate was 1.0 milliliters / min.

[0070] Calibration of the GPC column set was performed with 21 narrow molecular weight distribution polystyrene standards with molecular weights ranging from 580 to 8,400,000 prepared in six "cocktail" mixtures with at least 10-fold intervals between individual molecular weights. Standards were purchased from Agilent Technologies. Polystyrene standards were prepared in 0.025 grams in 50 milliliters of solvent for molecular weights of 1,000,000 and above, and 0.05 grams in 50 milliliters for molecular weights below 1,000,000. The polystyrene standards were dissolved at 80 degrees Celsius with gentle stirring for 30 minutes. The peak molecular weights of the polystyrene standards were converted to polyethylene molecular weights using Equation 1 (as described in Williams and Ward, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Let., 6, 621 (1968)): M ポリスチレン =A×(M ポリエチレン ) B (Formula 1), where M is the molecular weight, A has a value of 0.4315, and B is equal to 1.0.

[0071] A fifth order polynomial was used to fit each polyethylene equivalent calibration point. A small adjustment (approximately 0.375 to 0.445) was made to A to correct for column resolution and band broadening effects such that a linear homopolymer polyethylene standard was obtained at 120,000 Mw. Total theoretical plate counts were performed on the GPC column set using decane (prepared in TCB "0.04 g in 50 milliliters" and dissolved for 20 minutes with gentle agitation). Plate counts (Equation 2) and symmetry (Equation 3) were measured with a 200 microliter injection according to the following equations:

[0072]

number

[0073]

number

[0074] Samples were prepared semi-automatically using PolymerChar "Instrument Control" software to target sample weights of "2 mg / ml" and add solvent (containing 200 ppm BHT) via the PolymerChar high temperature autosampler to vials that had been pre-sparged with nitrogen and capped with septa. Samples were dissolved at 160 degrees Celsius for 2 hours under "slow" shaking.

[0075] Mn (GPC) , Mw (GPC) , and Mz (GPC) The calculation of was based on GPC results using the internal IR5 detector (measurement channel) of the PolymerChar GPC-IR chromatograph according to Equations 4-6 using PolymerChar GPCOne™ software, baseline subtracted IR chromatograms at each equally spaced data collection point (i), and polyethylene equivalent molecular weights obtained from a narrow standard calibration curve for point (i) of Equation 1. Equations 4-6 are as follows:

[0076]

number

[0077] To monitor deviations over time, a flow rate marker (decane) was introduced into each sample via a micropump controlled by the PolymerChar GPC-IR system. This flow rate marker (FM) was used to linearly correct the pump flow rate (flow rate (apparent)) for each sample by aligning the RV of the respective decane peak in the sample (RV(FM sample)) with the RV of the decane peak within a narrow standard calibration (RV(FM calibrated)). Any change in time of the decane marker peak was then assumed to be related to a linear shift in flow rate (flow rate (effective)) across the run. To facilitate the highest accuracy of RV measurements of the flow rate marker peaks, the peaks of the flow rate marker concentration chromatograms were fitted to a quadratic equation using a least-squares fitting routine. The first derivative of the quadratic equation was then used to solve for the true peak position. After calibrating the system based on the flow rate marker peaks, the effective flow rate (for the narrow standard calibration) was calculated as Equation 7: Flow Rate (effective) = Flow Rate (apparent) x (RV (FM calibrated) / RV (FM sample)) (Equation 7). Processing of the flow rate marker peaks was performed via PolymerChar GPCOne™ software. An acceptable flow rate correction is one that brings the effective flow rate within ±0.7% of the apparent flow rate.

[0078] Melt Index The melt index (I2) of ethylene-based polymers is measured according to ASTM D-1238, condition 190°C / 2.16 kg (melt index (I10) is 190°C / 10.0 kg). I10 / I2 was calculated from the ratio of I10 to I2. The melt flow rate MFR of propylene-based polymers is measured according to ASTM D-1238, condition 230°C / 2.16 kg.

[0079] density ASTM D4703 was used to prepare polymer plaques for density analysis. ASTM D792, Method B was used to measure the density of each polymer.

[0080] NMR characterization of the terpolymers 13 For C NMR experiments, samples were dissolved in tetrachloroethane-d 2 (0.025M Cr(acac) 3 The tubes were dissolved in 100 mL of 5% ethanol (with or without 5% CO). The concentration was approximately 300 mg / 2.8 mL. Each tube was then heated in a heating block set at 110° C. The sample tubes were repeatedly vortexed and heated to obtain a homogenous flowing fluid. 13 C NMR spectra were obtained on a BRUKER AVANCE 600 MHz spectrometer equipped with a 10 mm C / H DUAL cryoprobe. The following acquisition parameters were used: 60 s relaxation delay, 12.0 μs 90 degree pulse, 256 scans. The spectral center was 100 ppm and the spectral width was 250 ppm. All measurements were performed at 110 °C without spinning the sample. 13 C NMR spectra were referenced to 74.5 ppm with respect to the solvent resonance peak. For samples containing Cr, data was acquired with a 7 second relaxation time and 1024 scans. "Mole % silane (silane monomer)" was calculated based on the integral of the SiMe carbon resonance relative to the integral of the CH2 carbon associated with the ethylene unit and the CH / CH3 carbon associated with the octene unit. "Mole % octene (or other α-olefin)" was similarly calculated with reference to the CH / CH3 carbon associated with octene (or other α-olefin).

[0081] 1 For H NMR experiments, each sample was dissolved in tetrachloroethane-d 2 (0.001M Cr(acac) 3 The tubes were dissolved in 100 mL of 100% ethanol (with or without 100 mg / 1.8 mL). The concentration was approximately 100 mg / 1.8 mL. Each tube was then heated in a heating block set at 110° C. The sample tubes were repeatedly vortexed and heated to obtain a homogenous flowing fluid. 1H NMR spectra were obtained on a BRUKER AVANCE 600 MHz spectrometer equipped with a 10 mm C / H DUAL cryoprobe. Standard single pulse 1 H NMR experiments were performed. The following acquisition parameters were used: 70 s relaxation time, 17.2 μs 90° pulse, 32 scans. The spectral center was 1.3 ppm and the spectral width was 20 ppm. All measurements were performed at 110 °C without spinning the sample. 1H NMR spectra were referenced to the solvent (residual protonated tetrachloroethane) resonance peak at 5.99 ppm. For samples containing Cr, data were acquired with a 16 s relaxation time and 128 scans. The "mol l% silane (silane monomer)" was calculated based on the integral of the SiMe proton resonance relative to the integral of the CH2 protons associated with the ethylene unit and the CH3 protons associated with the octene unit.

[0082] Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) - Polymers Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to measure the Tm, Tc, Tg, and crystallinity of the ethylene-based (PE) and propylene-based (PP) samples. Each sample (0.5 g) was compression molded into a film at 5000 psi for 2 min at 190°C. Approximately 5-8 mg of film sample was weighed and placed in a DSC pan. A lid was crimped onto the pan to ensure a closed atmosphere. Unless otherwise stated, the sample pan was placed in the DSC cell and then heated at a rate of approximately 10°C / min to a temperature of 180°C for PE (230°C for PP). The sample was held at this temperature for 3 min. The sample was then cooled at a rate of 10°C / min to -60°C for PE (-90°C for PP) and held isothermally at that temperature for 3 min. The sample was then heated at a rate of 10°C / min until completely melted (second heat). Unless otherwise stated, the melting point (Tm) and glass transition temperature (Tg) of each polymer were determined from the second heat curve, and the crystallization temperature (Tc) was determined from the first cooling curve. Usually, the peak temperatures of Tm and Tc are recorded. The crystallinity percentage can be calculated by dividing the heat of fusion (Hf) determined from the second heat curve by the theoretical heat of fusion of 292 J / g for PE (165 J / g for PP) and multiplying this amount by 100 (e.g., crystallinity %=(Hf / 292 J / g)×100 for PE).

[0083] experiment material The polymers are listed below and the antioxidants are listed in Table 1A. The chemical structures of the antioxidants are shown in Table 1B. SiH POE D: Ethylene / octene / silane terpolymer, density = 0.873g / cc, I2 = 0.8 g / 10 min, 1.5 wt% HDMS; SiH POE E: ethylene / octene / silane terpolymer, density = 0.870 g / cc, I2 = 0.8 g / 10 min, 3.4 wt% HDMS; POE D: Ethylene-octene copolymer, density = 0.871 g / cc, I2 = 1.2 g / 10 min.

[0084] [Table 1] * IRGAFOS 168 is a hydrolytically stable phosphite processing stabilizer (secondary antioxidant).

[0085] [Table 2]

[0086] Polymer Synthesis and Properties The interpolymers (SiH-POE D and SiH-POE E and POE D) were each prepared in a hydraulically filled, 1-gallon polymerization reactor operated at steady-state conditions. The solvent was ISOPAR-E supplied by ExxonMobil Chemical Company. 5-Hexenyldimethylsilane (HDMS) supplied by Gelest was used as the termonomer and was purified with AZ-300 alumina supplied by UOP Honeywell prior to use. HDMS was fed to the reactor as a 22 wt.% solution in ISOPAR-E. The reactor temperature was measured at or near the reactor outlet. The interpolymers were isolated and pelletized. The polymerization conditions are listed in Tables 2B-2D, and the catalyst and cocatalyst are shown in Table 2A. The polymer properties of the ethylene / octene / silane interpolymers (SiH-POE D and SiH-POE E) and the ethylene / octene interpolymer (POE D) are shown in Tables 3A and 3B.

[0087] [Table 3]

[0088] [Table 4]

[0089] [Table 5] * "ppm" amounts based on the weight of the respective catalyst feed solution.

[0090] [Table 6] * "ppm" amount based on weight of cocatalyst feed solution. ** The "ppm" amount of Al based on the weight of the cocatalyst feed solution.

[0091] [Table 7] * Mole % silane based on total moles of monomer in polymer, determined by 1H NMR. ** Calculated from mole %, weight % of silane based on weight of interpolymer.

[0092] [Table 8]

[0093] Preparation of the Composition The polymer pellets were fed into a Brabender mixing bowl equipped with a 50 mL bowl and two roller rotors, set at 100° C. The pellets were mixed at 15 rpm for 5 minutes (ambient atmosphere) to melt the polymer. The noted AO was then added and the final mixture was mixed at 50 rpm for 5 minutes at ambient atmosphere. The polymer melt was discharged from the Brabender and compression molded at 100° C. / 10 MPa (2 minutes, mold temperature=melt temperature of the composition) to produce "1 mm" thick plaques.

[0094] Oxidation induction time (OIT) analysis (DSC) Oxidation induction time (OIT), performed with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), is used to predict the thermo-oxidative performance of a composition. A sample is heated under a nitrogen atmosphere, typically to 200° C. Oxygen is then introduced into the sample cell and the length of time before degradation begins, as evidenced by the onset of an exothermic process in the DSC profile, is measured.

[0095] Each composition (approximately 5-10 mg plaque) was weighed and placed in a DSC pan (TA Instrument DSC instrument Q2000). A lid was crimped onto the pan to ensure a closed atmosphere. The OIT test was performed as follows: 1) equilibrate at 50.0°C under nitrogen atmosphere, 2) ramp to 200.0°C at 20.0°C / min under nitrogen atmosphere, 3) hold isothermal at 200.0°C for 5.00 min under nitrogen atmosphere, 4) select gas as O2 (oxygen), 5) mark the end of the 5 min cycle, 6) hold isothermal at 200.0°C for 300.00 min under oxygen atmosphere. The results are shown in Tables 4A and 4B. The OIT profiles of CE-3 (Si POE AO-2, top profile, straight line) and IE-2 (Si POE AO-5, bottom profile, dashed line) are shown in Figure 1.

[0096] As shown in Table 4A, the OIT of each of the inventive compositions (IE-1-IE-4) was significantly longer than the corresponding comparative examples (CE-2-CE-5). Both CE-1 and CE6, which did not contain any AO, oxidized and degraded immediately after switching the atmosphere from nitrogen to oxygen. The OIT value of each sample was zero. Similar results are seen in Table 4B. Inventive compositions IE-5 and IE-7 had very high "% increase in OIT" values ​​of 65.2% and 67.7%, respectively. It is believed that each of the inventive compositions can act as donor hydrogen (via SiH) to recover hindered phenols during the oxidation process, thereby increasing the OIT of the composition.

[0097] [Table 9] *OIT = time before degradation begins - seen from the onset of the exothermic process in the DSC profile. ** OIT Increase %=[(OIT(IE)-OIT(CE)) / OIT(CE)]×100, where “OIT(IE)” is the OIT value of the composition of the invention and “(OIT(CE)” is the OIT value of a similar comparative composition. Note, IE-1 was compared to CE-2, IE-2 was compared to CE-3, IE-3 was compared to CE-4, and IE-4 was compared to CE-5.

[0098] [Table 10] Note, IE-5 compared to CE-7, IE-6 compared to CE-8, IE-7 compared to CE-9, IE-8 compared to CE-7, IE-9 compared to CE-8, IE-10 compared to CE-9.

Claims

1. 1. A process for forming a composition, the process comprising mixing at least the following components: a) at least one olefin / silane interpolymer containing at least one Si—H group; and b) at least one hindered phenol selected from formula H, 【Chemistry 1】 wherein R1 is selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl; R2 is selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl; R3 is selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl; R4 is selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl; R5 is selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl; R3 and R4 may optionally form a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbylene ring structure, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbylene ring structure; R2 and R3 may optionally form a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbylene ring structure, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbylene ring structure; and at least one of R1 and R5 is a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl.

2. 2. The process of claim 1, wherein composition (C) has an increased Oxidation Induction Time (OIT) compared to an analogous composition (SC) comprising the same components except that the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a is replaced with an analogous olefin-based polymer containing the same monomer types as the interpolymer of component a, except that the olefin-based polymer does not contain "a silane containing at least one Si-H group," wherein the olefin-based polymer has a density within ±0.005 g / cc of the density of the interpolymer of component a and a melt index (I2) within ±0.5 g / 10 min of the melt index of the interpolymer of component a, and wherein the OIT is determined by DSC.

3. 3. The process of claim 2, wherein said composition (C) has an increase in OIT of ≥ 5.0% greater than the OIT of said analogous composition (SC) as determined from the following equation: Y: Increase in OIT (%) = [(OIT(C) - OIT(SC)) / OIT(SC)] x 100, where "OIT(C)" is the OIT value of said composition and "OIT(SC)" is the OIT value of said analogous composition.

4. For formula H, R1 and R5 are each independently H, alkyl, substituted alkyl, -CH ２ -S-alkyl, -CH ２ -Phenol, -CH ２ The process of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the aryl group is selected from -substituted phenols, benzotriazoles, substituted benzotriazoles, -O-alkyls, or O-substituted alkyls.

5. The process of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a is an ethylene / α-olefin / silane interpolymer.

6. The process of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a has a density from 0.855 g / cc to 0.920 g / cc.

7. The process of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a has a melt index (I2) of 0.5 g / 10 min to 100 g / 10 min.

8. The process of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the process further comprises heat treating the ingredients during said mixing at a temperature of from 40°C to 190°C.

9. A composition formed by the process of any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A composition comprising at least the following components: a) at least one olefin / silane interpolymer containing at least one Si—H group; and b) at least one hindered phenol selected from formula H, 【Chemistry 2】 wherein R1 is selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl; R2 is selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl; R3 is selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl; R4 is selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl; R5 is selected from H, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl; R3 and R4 may optionally form a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbylene ring structure, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbylene ring structure; R2 and R3 may optionally form a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbylene ring structure, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbylene ring structure; and at least one of R1 and R5 is a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterohydrocarbyl.

11. For formula H, R1 and R5 are each independently H, alkyl, -CH ２ -S-alkyl, -CH ２ -Phenol, -CH ２ 11. The composition of claim 10, wherein the aryl group is selected from -substituted phenols, benzotriazoles, substituted benzotriazoles, -O-alkyls, or O-substituted alkyls.

12. The composition of claim 10 or 11, wherein the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a is an ethylene / α-olefin / silane interpolymer.

13. The composition of any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a comprises, in polymerized form, from 0.10% to 40% by weight of the silane, based on the weight of the interpolymer.

14. The composition of any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a has a density from 0.855 g / cc to 0.920 g / cc.

15. The composition of any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a has a melt index (I2) of 0.5 g / 10 min to 100 g / 10 min.

16. A composition according to any one of claims 10 to 15, wherein the weight ratio of component a to component b is from 200 to 1000.

17. 17. The composition of any one of claims 10 to 16, wherein composition (C) has an increased Oxidation Induction Time (OIT) compared to an analogous composition (SC) comprising the same components except that the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a is replaced with an analogous olefin-based polymer containing the same monomer types as the interpolymer of component a, except that the olefin-based polymer does not contain "a silane containing at least one Si-H group," wherein the olefin-based polymer has a density within ±0.005 g / cc of the density of the interpolymer of component a and a melt index (I2) within ±0.5 g / 10 min of the melt index of the interpolymer of component a, and wherein the OIT is determined by DSC.

18. 18. The composition of claim 17, wherein said composition (C) has an increase in OIT that is ≧5.0% greater than the OIT of said analogous composition (SC) as determined from the following equation: Y: Increase in OIT (%)=[(OIT(C)-OIT(SC)) / OIT(SC)]×100, where "OIT(C)" is the OIT value of said composition and "OIT(SC)" is the OIT value of said analogous composition.

19. A blend composition comprising the composition of any one of claims 10 to 18 and a thermoplastic polymer that differs from the olefin / silane interpolymer of component a in one or more of the following characteristics: monomer type, monomer amount, monomer distribution, density, melt index (I2), Mn, Mw, MWD, or any combination thereof.

20. An article comprising at least one component formed from the composition of any one of claims 9 to 18 or the blend composition of claim 19.

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