Protein recovery from fish paste rinses using low-temperature plasma technology

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the food technology field, specifically to a method for the recovery of proteins from fish paste rinses by low-temperature plasma technology. [Solution] First, fish meat is taken, cut and mixed to obtain fish paste, the fish paste is added to water, mixed and rinsed, and centrifuged to obtain a supernatant which is the fish paste rinse, the input power of the plasma device is adjusted to 300-800W, the gun head of the plasma device is placed below the surface of the fish paste rinse, the power is turned on, air is used as a gas source to excite plasma, and the plasma is made to act uniformly on the fish paste rinse, the treatment time is 2-6 minutes, the treated rinse is left in an environment below 10℃, and then centrifuged to obtain a precipitate, thereby realizing the recovery of protein from the fish paste rinse. The present invention treats the fish paste rinse with low-temperature plasma, improves the protein recovery rate, shortens the process of recovering protein, and avoids secondary pollution during recovery, and has a wide range of application prospects.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention belongs to the food technology field, specifically to a method for the recovery of proteins from fish paste rinses by low-temperature plasma technology. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, fish paste products have been widely supported by consumers due to their characteristics such as high protein, low fat, and soft taste, and the demand for them is increasing. Fish paste products are elastic gelatinous foods made from frozen fish paste through processes such as crushing, molding, and gelling. Fish paste is a product made from raw fish through the process of extracting meat, rinsing, precision filtering, dehydrating, cutting, mixing, and freezing. Traditional fish paste processing requires rinsing, which removes fishy odor substances, pigments, fat, some inorganic salts, and other substances contained in the fish meat, improving the gelation of the fish paste and increasing its whiteness. However, rinsing also produces water-soluble proteins and causes the loss of nutrients such as fat and inorganic salts. The protein lost during rinsing of fish meat accounts for about one-third of the water-soluble protein. On the other hand, a large amount of water is used for rinsing, and according to statistics, about 8 tons of rinsing liquid is generated per ton of fish paste product, and the wastewater after rinsing needs to be treated and discharged, which increases production costs. Recovery of proteins in the rinse liquid can reduce resource waste, improve the utilization of by-products during fish paste processing, and reduce environmental pollution, resulting in economic and environmental benefits.

[0003] Currently, the main methods used to recover proteins from fish paste rinses are membrane separation, coagulation, and isoelectric precipitation. Comparing these three methods, membrane separation has excellent recovery efficiency but suffers from the problem of membrane fouling, while the coagulation method has operational issues and is simple and has a high recovery rate but suffers from problems such as secondary contamination by coagulants in the processing after protein recovery and high costs during use, while isoelectric precipitation has the advantages of simple operation and low cost but poor recovery efficiency.

[0004] As an emerging non-thermal treatment technology, low-temperature plasma has already been used in wastewater treatment and is considered a friendly and environmentally friendly technical means; all that is needed to treat water bodies is discharge equipment and air, and there are no side effects on water bodies, so it is a research hotspot for wastewater treatment; however, there are few reports of its use in protein applications. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention treats fish paste rinses with low-temperature plasma for different times and objectively evaluates the feasibility of this method based on protein recovery.

[0006] The present invention includes steps such as preparing fish paste rinse solution, treating the rinse solution with low-temperature plasma, recovering protein precipitates, and processing data. The specific operating procedures are as follows:

[0007] The method for recovering proteins from fish paste rinses using plasma is as follows: (1) removing the fish flesh, chopping it and mixing it to obtain fish paste; (2) adding the fish paste to water, mixing and rinsing, and centrifuging to obtain a supernatant which is the fish paste rinse, thereby preparing a fish paste rinse; First, adjust the parameters of the plasma device, set the input power to 300-800W, place the gun head of the plasma device below the surface of the fish paste rinse liquid, turn on the power, excite the plasma using air as a gas source, and allow the plasma to act uniformly on the fish paste rinse liquid, and the time for treating the fish paste rinse liquid is 2-6 minutes; (3) treat the fish paste rinse liquid with low-temperature plasma; The method includes a step (4) of recovering proteins by allowing the low-temperature plasma-treated rinse solution to stand in an environment of 10°C or less and then centrifuging the solution to obtain a precipitate, thereby achieving recovery of proteins from the rinse solution of fish paste.

[0008] Preferably, the ratio of the amount of fish paste to water used in step (2) is 1 g:5 mL, and the water is selected to be distilled water.

[0009] Preferably, the rinsing time in step (2) is 5 to 10 minutes.

[0010] Preferably, the centrifugation in step (2) is performed at 4° C. and 8000 r / min for 10 to 15 minutes.

[0011] Preferably, the above processing parameters in step (3) are an output power of 300-800W.

[0012] Preferably, the height of the rinsing liquid in step (3) is 15 to 20 cm.

[0013] Preferably, the gun head in step (3) is fixed 10 to 15 mm below the horizontal surface of the rinsing liquid.

[0014] Most preferably, the treatment time in step (3) is 4 minutes.

[0015] Preferably, the temperature for the standing in step (4) is 0 to 4° C., and the standing time is 6 hours.

[0016] Preferably, the centrifugation in step (4) is performed at 4° C. and 8000 r / min for 10 to 15 minutes.

[0017] The protein recovery rate is measured by placing the supernatant obtained by centrifugation in step (4) in a water bath at 20°C and leaving it for 90 minutes, then centrifuging it at 4000 r / min for 10 minutes, removing the supernatant and measuring the protein concentration, and finally measuring the protein concentrations in the original rinse solution and the supernatant by the Biuret method. The protein recovery rate is calculated as follows:

[0018]

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[0019] Finally, the effect of low-temperature plasma treatment on protein recovery from fish paste rinses is evaluated based on the protein recovery rate. Effect of the Invention

[0020] The present invention relates to preparing fish paste rinse, and then precipitating and recovering proteins in the fish paste rinse by low-temperature plasma technology. Compared with the conventional method for recovering proteins from fish paste rinse, by directly treating the fish paste rinse by low-temperature plasma device, the recovery rate of proteins from the fish paste rinse is improved, the process of protein recovery is shortened, the protein recovery efficiency is improved (the protein recovery rate after treating the rinse by low-temperature plasma is up to 88.23%), secondary pollution during recovery is avoided, and a clean, environmentally friendly and feasible method is provided for the recovery of by-products in the industrial production of fish paste, thereby further realizing the high-value production of fish paste.

[0021] Low-temperature plasma treatment can effectively improve the recovery rate of protein from fish paste rinse, but the treatment time is important. When the low-temperature plasma treatment time is 2-4 min, as the low-temperature plasma treatment time increases, the protein recovery rate increases by 8.6%, from 79.63% to 88.23%. After the fish paste rinse is treated with low-temperature plasma, activating components are generated in the rinse, and proteins are oxidized in the rinse. The oxidation causes the protein structure to collapse, and the hydrophobic amino acids are exposed on the protein surface, which changes the surface hydrophobicity of the protein. As the low-temperature plasma treatment time increases, the activating components generated during low-temperature plasma treatment can strengthen the binding of water micelles to protein molecules, increase the hydrophobicity of the protein surface, and promote the induction of protein-protein interactions, thereby promoting the formation of protein aggregates and improving the recovery rate of protein precipitation. On the other hand, when the low-temperature plasma treatment time was extended from 4 to 6 min, the protein recovery rate decreased by 9.97% with the increase in the low-temperature plasma treatment time, and the higher temperature of the plasma treatment of the fish paste rinse caused excessive oxidation of proteins in the rinse, which adversely affected the protein aggregation stability, destroyed the protein aggregates, and reduced the recovery rate of protein precipitates. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0022] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. However, this detailed description should not be construed as limiting the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] It is to be understood that the terms used in the present invention are used only to describe certain embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. It is also to be understood that, for numerical ranges in the present invention, every intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is specifically disclosed. Any stated value or intermediate value in a stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value in a stated range, are also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded from the range. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. Only preferred methods and materials are described in the present invention, however, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described in the present invention can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned herein are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials related to the documents. In case of conflict with the incorporated documents, the contents of the present specification shall control.

[0024] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments of the present specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the present description. The present specification and examples are merely illustrative.

[0025] In the present invention, the raw material used to prepare fish paste is fresh spotted silver carp purchased from RT Mart, Zhenjiang, China. EXAMPLES

[0026] The present invention includes steps such as preparing fish paste rinse, treating the rinse with low-temperature plasma, recovering protein precipitates, and processing data, and the specific production process is as follows:

[0027] The method for recovering proteins from fish paste rinses using plasma is carried out according to the following steps.

[0028] In the fish paste production process (1), the bighead carp is stunned by beating, then the skin is removed, and the boneless fish meat is manually removed and chopped with a chopper for 3 minutes to obtain the fish paste.

[0029] In the step (2) of preparing a fish paste rinse, the fish paste is taken, and rinsed by adding distilled water at a ratio of 1:5 (w / v, g / mL) and mixing for 5 minutes, and centrifuged at 8000 r / min for 15 minutes at 4°C, and the supernatant is taken as the fish paste rinse.

[0030] In the process (3) of treating the fish paste rinse with low-temperature plasma, a PG-1000ZD low-temperature plasma spray gun device is used, the parameters of the plasma device are adjusted, the input power is set to 500W, the fish paste rinse is placed under the gun head of the plasma device, the gun head of the device is fixed 10 mm below the horizontal surface of the rinse, the power is turned on, the plasma is excited using air as the gas source, and the plasma is applied uniformly to the fish paste rinse, and the rinse is treated under these conditions for 2 minutes.

[0031] In the step (4) of recovering the protein, the low-temperature plasma-treated rinse solution is allowed to stand at 4°C for 6 hours, and then centrifuged at 8000 r / min for 15 minutes at 4°C to obtain a precipitate, thereby achieving recovery of the protein from the rinse solution of the fish paste.

[0032] In step (5), the supernatant obtained by centrifugation in step (4) is placed in a water bath at 20°C and allowed to stand for 90 minutes, then centrifuged at 4000 r / min for 10 minutes. The supernatant is then taken and the protein concentration is measured. Finally, the protein concentrations in the original rinse solution and the supernatant are measured by the Biuret method. The protein recovery rate is calculated as follows:

[0033]

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[0034] The recovery rate of this group of proteins measured in step (6) is 79.63%. EXAMPLES

[0035] The present invention includes steps such as preparing fish paste rinse, treating the rinse with low-temperature plasma, recovering protein precipitates, and processing data, and the specific production process is as follows:

[0036] The method for recovering proteins from fish paste rinses using plasma is carried out according to the following steps.

[0037] In the step (1) of preparing the fish paste, the bighead carp is stunned by beating, the skin is removed, and the boneless fish meat is manually removed and chopped with a chopper for 3 minutes to obtain the fish paste.

[0038] In the step (2) of preparing a fish paste rinse, the fish paste is taken and rinsed for 5 minutes by adding distilled water at a ratio of 1:5 (w / v, g / mL), and centrifuged at 8000 r / min for 15 minutes at 4°C, and the supernatant is taken as the fish paste rinse.

[0039] In the process (3) of treating the fish paste rinse with low-temperature plasma, a PG-1000ZD low-temperature plasma spray gun device is used, the parameters of the plasma device are adjusted, the input power is set to 500W, the fish paste rinse is placed under the gun head of the plasma device, the gun head of the device is fixed 10 mm below the horizontal surface of the rinse, the power is turned on, the plasma is excited using air as the gas source, and the plasma is applied uniformly to the fish paste rinse, and the rinse is treated under these conditions for 4 minutes.

[0040] In the step (4) of recovering the protein, the low-temperature plasma-treated rinse solution is left to stand at 4°C for 6 hours, and then centrifuged at 8000 r / min for 15 minutes at 4°C to obtain a precipitate, thereby achieving recovery of the protein from the fish paste rinse solution.

[0041] In step (5), the supernatant obtained by centrifugation in step (4) is placed in a water bath at 20°C and allowed to stand for 90 minutes, then centrifuged at 4000 r / min for 10 minutes. The supernatant is then taken and the protein concentration is measured. Finally, the protein concentrations in the original rinse solution and the supernatant are measured by the Biuret method. The protein recovery rate is calculated as follows:

[0042]

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[0043] In step (6), the recovery rate of this group of proteins determined is 88.23%. EXAMPLES

[0044] The present invention includes steps such as preparing fish paste rinse, treating the rinse with low-temperature plasma, recovering protein precipitates, and processing data, and the specific production process is as follows:

[0045] The method for recovering proteins from fish paste rinses using plasma is carried out according to the following steps.

[0046] In the process of (1) of fish paste, fresh giant carp are purchased from a supermarket, and the carp are stunned by beating, then the skin is removed, and the boneless fish meat is manually removed, chopped with a chopper for 3 minutes, and mixed to obtain fish paste.

[0047] In the step (2) of preparing a fish paste rinse, the fish paste is taken and rinsed for 5 minutes by adding distilled water at a ratio of 1:5 (w / v, g / mL), and centrifuged at 8000 r / min for 15 minutes at 4°C, and the supernatant is taken as the fish paste rinse.

[0048] In the process (3) of treating the fish paste rinse with low-temperature plasma, a PG-1000ZD low-temperature plasma spray gun device is used, the parameters of the plasma device are adjusted, the input power is set to 500W, the fish paste rinse is placed under the gun head of the plasma device, the gun head of the device is placed 10 mm below the horizontal surface of the rinse, the power is turned on, the plasma is excited using air as the gas source, and the plasma is applied uniformly to the fish paste rinse, and the rinse is treated under these conditions for 6 minutes each.

[0049] In the step (4) of recovering the protein, the rinse solution treated with low-temperature plasma is allowed to stand at 4°C for 6 hours, and then centrifuged at 8000 r / min for 15 minutes at 4°C to obtain a precipitate, thereby achieving recovery of the protein from the rinse solution of the fish paste.

[0050] In step (5), the supernatant obtained by centrifugation in step (4) is placed in a water bath at 20°C and allowed to stand for 90 minutes, then centrifuged at 4000 r / min for 10 minutes. The supernatant is then taken and the protein concentration is measured. Finally, the protein concentrations in the original rinse solution and the supernatant are measured by the Biuret method. The protein recovery rate is calculated as follows:

[0051]

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[0052] In step (6), the recovery rate of this group of proteins determined is 78.26%.

[0053] Note: The above examples are only used to explain the present invention, and do not limit the technical means described in the present invention, so the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that further modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and the technical means and their improvements shall be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A step (1) of removing the fish meat, cutting it and mixing it to obtain fish paste; (2) adding the fish paste to water, mixing and rinsing, and centrifuging to obtain a supernatant which is the fish paste rinse, thereby preparing a fish paste rinse; First, adjust the parameters of the plasma device, set the input power to 300-800W, place the gun head of the plasma device below the surface of the fish paste rinse, turn on the power, excite the plasma using air as a gas source, and allow the plasma to act uniformly on the fish paste rinse, and treat the fish paste rinse for 2-6 minutes; (3) treat the fish paste rinse with low-temperature plasma; A step (4) of recovering proteins from the rinse solution of fish paste by leaving the rinse solution treated with low-temperature plasma in an environment of 10° C. or less and then centrifuging the resulting precipitate to recover proteins from the rinse solution of fish paste. A method for recovering proteins from fish paste rinses using low-temperature plasma technology, comprising:

2. 2. The method for recovering proteins from fish paste rinses by low-temperature plasma technology according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of fish paste to water used in step (2) is 1 g:5 mL, and the water is selected as distilled water.

3. The method for recovering proteins from fish paste rinses using low-temperature plasma technology according to claim 1, characterized in that the rinsing time in step (2) is 5 to 10 minutes.

4. The method for recovering proteins from fish paste rinses using low-temperature plasma technology according to claim 1, characterized in that the centrifugation in step (2) is performed at 4°C and 8000 r / min for 10-15 minutes.

5. The method for recovering proteins from fish paste rinses by low-temperature plasma technology according to claim 1, wherein the parameters of the treatment in step (3) are: output power of 300-800W;

6. The method for recovering proteins from fish paste rinses using low-temperature plasma technology according to claim 5, characterized in that the height of the rinse in step (3) is 15-20 cm.

7. The method for recovering proteins from fish paste rinse liquid by low-temperature plasma technology according to claim 1, characterized in that the gun head in step (3) is fixed 10-15 mm below the horizontal surface of the rinse liquid.

8. The method for recovering proteins from fish paste rinses by low-temperature plasma technology according to claim 1, characterized in that the treatment time in step (3) is 4 min.

9. The method for recovering proteins from fish paste rinses by low-temperature plasma technology according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of the standing in step (4) is 0-4°C and the standing time is 6h.

10. The method for recovering proteins from fish paste rinses by low-temperature plasma technology according to claim 1, characterized in that the centrifugation in step (4) is carried out at 8000 r / min for 10-15 min at 4°C.

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