CONTROLLABILITY VACUUM INTERRUPTION VALVE AND ASSEMBLY AND METHOD FOR VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTING A Plurality of Vacuum Interrupt Valves - Patent application

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vacuum shutoff valve (1) for opening and closing a voltage. The vacuum shutoff valve (1) comprises at least one housing (2) and at least two contacts (3, 4), the at least one housing (2) comprising at least one insulator segment (6). The at least one insulator segment (6) is formed as a control element. Furthermore, the present invention includes an assembly (10) having at least two of the aforementioned vacuum shutoff valves (1) electrically connected in series, and a method for voltage distribution of a plurality of vacuum shutoff valves (1), the voltage distribution being performed by the plurality of insulator segments (6) as control elements.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a vacuum interrupt valve for switching a voltage, comprising at least one housing and at least two contacts, the at least one housing comprising at least one insulator segment. The present invention further comprises an assembly comprising at least two of the above-mentioned vacuum interrupt valves, and a method for voltage distribution of a plurality of vacuum interrupt valves.

[0002] A vacuum interruption valve or a vacuum interrupter comprising an assembly of vacuum interruption valves is, for example, a power switchgear in which a number of switching contacts movable relative to one another are arranged in at least one vacuum interruption chamber. In high-voltage technology, vacuum interruption valves of this kind are used for switching in the high-voltage range, in particular voltages of 52 kV and above and / or for switching high currents in the range of up to several tens of kiloamperes. In particular, vacuum interruption valves comprised in an assembly for switching require little maintenance, have a long life and are easily and reliably driven, in particular via a spring-operated drive. For high-voltage requirements, for example, assemblies with vacuum interruption valves are used, the switching paths of which are electrically connected in series, as known, for example, from DE 199 5 10 200 A1. Alternatively, for example, a number of vacuum interruption valves are used, in particular with a number of switching paths within one vacuum interruption valve.

[0003] In the case of several vacuum shut-off valves, a voltage distribution suitable for these vacuum shut-off valves is desired for the several vacuum shut-off valves when the opening and closing paths of these vacuum shut-off valves are open, in order to avoid overloading of the individual vacuum shut-off valves. In particular, in the case of several vacuum shut-off valves with several opening and closing paths in one vacuum shut-off valve, a voltage distribution suitable for these opening and closing paths is desired in order to avoid overloading when the several opening and closing paths of the vacuum shut-off valves are open. For example, in the case of several vacuum shut-off valves or several opening and closing paths that are identically constructed and connected in series one after the other, a voltage distribution as uniform as possible for these vacuum shut-off valves or opening and closing paths is desired in order to avoid overloading.

[0004] In order to achieve the desired voltage distribution for vacuum interruption valves or for switching circuits, passive electrical components, such as, for example, control resistors, are connected in parallel to a vacuum interruption valve at a distance. However, these components increase the installation space required for a vacuum interruption valve or for an assembly with vacuum interruption valves. In particular, in the case of vacuum interruption valves with clean, dehumidified compressed air, i.e. clean air, as the insulating gas surrounding the vacuum interruption valve, a fairly large insulation distance is required between the vacuum interruption valve and the passive electrical component, and between the passive electrical component and the circuit breaker housing, in particular made of metal, of the assembly of one or more vacuum interruption valves. This is because the insulating strength of compressed air is small compared to other insulating gases, such as sulfur hexafluoride. In order to achieve sufficient insulation between vacuum interruption valves and a circuit with passive components, it is possible, for example, to arrange the assembly of vacuum interruption valves and the connected passive components in separate housings. However, these configurations require a large installation space and are expensive. Special voltage distribution across the individual components of the vacuum shutoff valve is not possible with such an arrangement. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] German Patent Application Publication No. 102013208419A1 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] The object of the present invention is to enable voltage distribution in a vacuum shut-off valve and / or in an assembly including multiple vacuum shut-off valves in a space-saving manner and / or to provide a space-saving and / or low-cost method for voltage distribution of multiple vacuum shut-off valves, in particular with a specific predetermined voltage distribution across the individual components of one or more vacuum shut-off valves. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] This problem is solved according to the invention by a vacuum shut-off valve for switching voltage having the features of claim 1, an assembly according to claim 11 comprising a plurality of the abovementioned vacuum shut-off valves and / or a voltage distribution method for a plurality of vacuum shut-off valves, in particular a plurality of the abovementioned vacuum shut-off valves, according to claim 13. Advantageous embodiments of the vacuum shut-off valve according to the invention for switching voltage and / or the assembly according to the invention comprising a plurality of the abovementioned vacuum shut-off valves are set out in the dependent claims. The subject matter of the main claim may be combined with the features of the dependent claims and the features of the several dependent claims may be combined with each other.

[0008] The vacuum shutoff valve according to the invention for switching a voltage comprises at least one housing and at least two contacts, the at least one housing comprising at least one insulator segment, the at least one insulator segment being formed as a control element.

[0009] The control elements allow a defined and predetermined voltage distribution over the entire vacuum shutoff valve when the electrical contacts are open, i.e. when both contacts of the vacuum shutoff valve are separated. In particular, an even voltage distribution over the entire vacuum shutoff valve is possible, which avoids damage due to overvoltages and ensures a long-term stable and reliable functioning of the vacuum shutoff valve. The use of at least one insulating segment of the vacuum shutoff valve as a control element allows a compact, space-saving and low-cost vacuum shutoff valve, in particular in a spatially optimized housing, for example filled with clean air, with reduced risk of electrical flashover. The compact construction of the vacuum shutoff valve with the insulating segment as the control element allows material savings, in particular small housing sizes and savings of additional control elements, reduces costs, allows the use of alternative switching gases such as clean air in a compact assembly and allows a simple and environmentally friendly use of the vacuum shutoff valve. The good voltage distribution of the compact vacuum shutoff valve allows reliable opening and closing in the high voltage range, in particular in the range of several kilovolts, without electrical flashover, in particular in a compact outer housing.

[0010] The at least one housing can have two or more insulating segments, each connected via at least one metal shield. The two or more insulating segments as control elements allow a good voltage distribution, particularly over the entire length of the vacuum interruption valve, which is simple, reliable and low-cost.

[0011] These insulating segments have a dielectric constant of ε r in the range of 15 to 10000, in particular in the range of 15 to 2000, and / or a plurality of different dielectric constants ε rThese, in particular, different values ​​allow for a precise and defined voltage distribution along the longitudinal axis and / or along the circumference of the vacuum interruption valve, with a total value for voltage distribution, in particular at high voltages in the range of 52 kV and above. For this purpose, the total capacitance of these insulator segments can be in the range of 10 to 4000 pF, in particular in the range of 500 to 4000 pF.

[0012] The at least one insulator segment may consist of and / or contain glass, ceramic and / or glass ceramic. These materials are well suited as control elements, for example as capacitors and / or resistors with insulating properties, for preventing electrical flashover across vacuum interruption valves. In order to obtain the required electrical properties, in particular for a precise voltage distribution, defined concentrations of foreign substances can be precisely introduced into the insulating material, in particular by doping.

[0013] The at least one insulating segment can be formed to vacuum-tightly seal the casing against the outside. They thereby enable a reliable and long-term stable function of the vacuum shutoff valve due to a stable vacuum in the opening and closing chamber or in the casing. No additional control elements for voltage distribution, e.g. additional external resistors and / or capacitors, are required, which can save on labor, costs, installation space and materials. A compact construction of the voltage-distributable vacuum shutoff valve is possible, which is suitable for a particularly compact external housing, which requires less protective or insulating gas, such as clean air and / or SF6. The dual function of these insulating segments as elements of the casing of the vacuum shutoff valve and as elements of voltage distribution eliminates the need for control elements attached to the casing and / or in the external outer housing for voltage distribution, especially at high voltages, which results in the above-mentioned advantages.

[0014] At least one insulation segment can be formed as a hollow cylinder, in particular with a cylindrical cross section, so that in a hollow cylindrical vacuum shut-off valve this insulation segment can form part of the envelope and / or a space-saving encasement of several insulation segments can be achieved, in particular with mating joints, for example in the manner of a multi-layer composite element. The cylindrical element has a high mechanical stability with a minimal or optimized wall thickness.

[0015] At least one casing can have several insulator segments of different length along the longitudinal axis of the vacuum shutoff valve and / or several insulator segments of different width, in particular in cross section, and / or of a given wall thickness. These insulator segments can thus be used as several control elements, in particular made of one material, with different electrical properties, for example different electrical resistance and / or capacitance values. These vacuum shutoff valves can thus be manufactured to a given defined shape, in particular with the electrical properties of the casing required for voltage distribution depending on the maximum voltage and / or current to be opened or closed. The length of one of these insulator segments is for example in the range of 10 to 100 mm, the second length is for example in the range of 20 to 200 mm and / or the third length is for example in the range of 30 to 300 mm. The diameter of these insulator segments is for example in the range of 10 to 40 centimeters and the wall thickness of these insulator segments is for example in the range of 10 to 80 mm. This allows for different circuits of multiple control elements with different values, for example capacitance and / or ohmic resistance, which allows for a predetermined desired voltage distribution across the area of ​​the entire vacuum shutoff valve.

[0016] The at least one insulator segment may each have a conductivity in the range of resistive voltage control, in particular in the kilo-ohm and / or mega-ohm range, and / or the at least one insulator segment may each have a capacitance in the range of capacitive voltage control, in particular in the range of 10-10000 pF. These insulator segments with such values ​​are well suited to allow voltage distribution of the vacuum interruption valve due to their insulating properties, i.e. without electrical flashover over the entire length of the vacuum interruption valve, in particular for switching voltages in the range of several thousand volts, for example 52 kV or more.

[0017] The at least two contacts may include at least one spatially fixed contact and at least one spatially movable contact, in which case the movable contact is guided in a vacuum-tight manner into the at least one casing, in particular via at least one bellows, and / or at least two cover parts close both ends of the vacuum shut-off valve, and / or a number of insulator segments with these cover parts vacuum-tightly close the vacuum shut-off valve against the outside by means of at least one bellows, in which case the insulator segments are in particular connected to one another via a number of metal shields, which may function as or be formed as steam shields inside the vacuum shut-off valve.

[0018] The defined interconnection of the ceramic segments as control elements can be realized via the metal shields and their electrical contact, in particular with each other. This allows for advantageously and simply realized voltage control or voltage distribution over the length of the vacuum shutoff valve, in particular by defined different values ​​of these control elements, in the open state of the electrical contacts, i.e. when the contacts are spaced apart from each other, and can be connected in any way, i.e. in a defined manner, via the metal shields. Overvoltages of the individual insulator segments can be prevented, thus increasing the service life of the vacuum shutoff valve and allowing a long-term stable operation without failures or even breakages due to overvoltages, in particular of the ceramic segments. A vacuum-tight casing allows a long-term stable and reliable operation of the vacuum shutoff valve.

[0019] The vacuum shutoff valves can be made to switch voltages in the high voltage range, particularly in the range of 52 kV and above. This voltage distribution through multiple insulator segments allows these vacuum shutoff valves to be used to switch high voltages, particularly without electrical flashover across the outer envelope of the vacuum shutoff valve, and without failure that could lead to irreversible destruction of the vacuum shutoff valve.

[0020] The assembly according to the invention with a plurality of the aforementioned vacuum interrupter valves comprises at least two, in particular three or more vacuum interrupter valves, which are electrically connected in series, in particular connected in series with a plurality of insulator segments, electrically connected via at least one metal shield and / or via a plurality of metal shields, and / or the plurality of vacuum interrupter valves are electrically connected in series via a plurality of contacts of the vacuum interrupter valves. The switching of high voltage levels, in particular high voltages in the range of 52 kV and above, can thus be performed using a plurality of cost-effective and simply constructed vacuum interrupter valves. The above-mentioned voltage distribution, in particular by the plurality of insulator segments as control elements arranged along the longitudinal axis of the plurality of vacuum interrupter valves, allows voltage distribution to the plurality of vacuum interrupter valves and precise voltage distribution of the individual vacuum interrupter valves connected in series. This allows the above-mentioned advantages to be achieved in particular with a cost-effective, simple, space-saving and compact construction or assembly.

[0021] The assembly according to the invention may include a metal tank housing in which a number of vacuum shutoff valves are arranged and / or an insulator housing, in which housing is filled in particular with clean air as insulating gas.

[0022] The use of multiple insulator segments of this vacuum shutoff valve or multiple vacuum shutoff valves as the control element results in a compact configuration, allowing for a compact metal tank housing and / or insulator housing with less material usage and lower cost, which reduces the risk of electrical flashover, reduces the amount of switching gas, and / or allows the use of climate-friendly or climate-neutral insulating gases such as clean air in a compact, e.g., inexpensively available standard housing.

[0023] In the voltage distribution method according to the invention for a plurality of vacuum shut-off valves, in particular for a plurality of the aforementioned vacuum shut-off valves and / or for an assembly comprising a plurality of the aforementioned vacuum shut-off valves, the voltage distribution is carried out using a plurality of insulator segments as control elements, in particular a plurality of capacitors and / or a plurality of resistors, which are part of a plurality of casings of the plurality of vacuum shut-off valves and / or are arranged in a housing comprising a plurality of vacuum shut-off valves and / or in a housing comprising a plurality of insulator segments of a plurality of different vacuum shut-off valves connected in series, around the respective casings, in particular as rings surrounding the casing. The advantages of the voltage distribution method according to claim 13 according to the invention for a plurality of vacuum shut-off valves, in particular for a plurality of the above-mentioned vacuum shut-off valves and / or for an assembly comprising a plurality of the above-mentioned vacuum shut-off valves, and the advantages of the assembly according to claim 11 according to the invention comprising a plurality of vacuum shut-off valves, are similar to the advantages of the vacuum shut-off valve according to claim 1 according to the invention for voltage switching, and vice versa.

[0024] In the following, several embodiments of the invention are diagrammatically illustrated and explained in more detail. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0025] [Figure 1] 1 shows a schematic oblique side view of a vacuum shutoff valve 1 according to the invention for switching voltage, in which several insulating material segments 6 of the housing 2 are arranged as control elements. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 shows an assembly 10 according to the present invention in which two vacuum shutoff valves of the type shown are connected in series, the assembly 10 being contained within a single housing 11 which is filled with an insulating gas 12, e.g. clean air. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0026] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vacuum shutoff valve 1 according to the invention for switching voltages, in particular high voltages in the range of 52 kV and above, as seen obliquely from the side. The vacuum shutoff valve 1 has an outer casing 2, which comprises, among other things, a central main shield 5 and a number of insulator segments 6 adjacent to it on the left and right. The main shield 5 and the insulator segments 6 are formed in the shape of a hollow cylinder or tube. The adjacent insulator segments 6, three on each side of the main shield 5 in the example of FIG. 1, are connected to one another by a number of metal shields 5. The metal shields 5 are formed, for example, as steam shields inside the casing 2 and / or only as rings which connect the cylindrical insulator segments 6 to one another and allow an electrical interconnection.

[0027] At both ends of the vacuum shutoff valve 1, the hollow cylindrical insulator segment 6 is fluid-tight sealed by cover parts 8 and 9. The interior of the vacuum shutoff valve 1 is evacuated, i.e., under vacuum. From both ends of the vacuum shutoff valve 1, contacts 3 and 4 protrude into a cylindrical housing 2 of the vacuum shutoff valve 1, for example the fixed contact 3 protruding from one side, e.g. the base surface of the cylindrical housing 2, and the movable contact 4 protruding from the other side, e.g. the cover surface of the cylindrical housing 2.

[0028] The main shield 5 is made, for example, of a metal, in particular copper and / or steel, and is provided in its interior, for example, with evaporation shields or vapor shields, which are not shown in the figures for the sake of simplicity. The hollow cylindrical insulator segments 6 are made, for example, of sintered ceramics and are in particular surface-treated. Alternatively, the insulator segments 6 can be made, for example, of glass and / or glass ceramics or can contain them. These insulator segments 6 are formed as control elements, in particular as capacitors and / or resistors. For this purpose, for example, dopants are introduced into the material of the insulator segments 6. This allows the insulator segments 6 to have a dielectric constant ε ε , for example in the range of 15-10 000, in particular in the range of 15-2 000.r Due to the defined voltage distribution over the entire length of the vacuum interruption valve 1, different dielectric constants ε r A plurality of insulator segments 6 having the same shape may be used.

[0029] The insulator segments 6 formed as resistors have an electrical conductivity, for example in the resistive voltage control range, in particular in the kilo-ohm and / or mega-ohm range, which allows good insulating properties to be obtained. The insulator segments 6 formed as capacitors have a capacitance in the capacitive voltage control range, in particular in the range of 10 to 10000 pF. These insulator segments 6 can be doped entirely or, for example, only on the outer surface, in the latter case these insulator segments 6 are pure insulators on the inside and capacitors and / or resistors on the outside. This doping can also be carried out with a defined layer thickness at the depth of a particular insulator segment. Different resistances or capacitances can be generated, for example, by different doping of the insulator segments 6 and / or by different lengths, widths and / or wall thicknesses of the insulator segments 6. The insulator segments 6 can be configured like a stack with insulator segment elements of different resistance and / or capacitance values. In particular, several rings or hollow cylinders can be arranged stacked on top of each other or inside each other.

[0030] The insulator segments 6 have a length, for example in the range of 10-100 mm, a second length, for example in the range of 20-200 mm, and / or a third length, for example in the range of 30-300 mm. Other lengths and / or various combinations of insulator segments 6 of different lengths are possible. It is also possible for all insulator segments or individual insulator segments to have the same length. The diameter of the insulator segments 6 is, for example, in the range of 10-40 cm, and the wall thickness of the insulator segments 6 is, for example, in the range of 10-80 mm. Different diameters and / or wall thicknesses of the insulator segments 6 as well as combinations of different diameters and / or wall thicknesses are also possible, or all insulator segments can be of the same size.

[0031] As mentioned above, the insulator segments 6 are connected to one another via the metal shields 5 in a mechanically stable and electrically contactable manner. This connection is made during the manufacture of the vacuum shutoff valve 1, for example during a soldering process in an oven at several hundred degrees Celsius. In this case, for example, dopants can also be introduced into the insulator segments 6 and / or a defined diffusion of dopants at high temperatures is also possible. These dopants can also be introduced beforehand, for example during the sintering process of the insulator segments 6 or during a separate manufacturing process. The metal shields 5 are made in particular of copper and / or steel and are for example ring-shaped and / or hollow cylindrical. Inside the vacuum shutoff valve 1, the metal shields 5 include for example evaporation or vapor shields, which are not shown in the figures for the sake of simplicity. These metal shields 5 protrude outwards, for example in the form of flat rings, from the vacuum shutoff valve 1 or beyond the outer periphery of the insulator segments. In this case, in the main shield 5, for example a hollow cylindrical metal body is arranged between the two rings. The electrical contact or interconnection for the voltage distribution of this vacuum shutoff valve 1 is effected, for example, via the outer area of ​​the metal shield 5 .

[0032] The contacts 3 and 4 are made, for example, of copper and / or steel and are formed inside the vacuum shut-off valve 1 in the shape of a bolt, in particular with slit dished ends. The fixed contact 3 is fluid-tightly connected to a first cover part 8 at one end of the vacuum shut-off valve 1, which cover part 8 is made, for example, of a metal, in particular of copper and / or steel, as a vacuum-tight part of the vacuum shut-off valve 1. The movable contact 4 is fluid-tightly connected to a second cover part 9 at the other end of the vacuum shut-off valve 1 and is movably attached, for example, via a bellows, which is not shown in FIG. 1 for the sake of simplicity. This cover part 9 is made, for example, of a metal, in particular of copper or steel, as a vacuum-tight part of the vacuum shut-off valve 1.

[0033] The vacuum shutoff valve can be electrically contacted via the outwardly guided bolts of the fixed contact 3 and the movable contact 4. The movable contact 4 can be electrically opened or closed by moving towards the fixed contact 3, i.e. to close the gap between the dished contact ends of the contacts 3 and 4, when closing, and by moving away from the fixed contact 3, i.e. to create a gap between the dished contact ends of the contacts 3 and 4, when opening. The created gap between the contact ends of the contacts 3 and 4 as well as both contact ends themselves are located in the evacuated interior of the vacuum shutoff valve 1, so that a gap in the range from a few millimeters to a few centimeters is sufficient, especially for interrupting high voltages. The vacuum shutoff valve 1 has a length in particular in the range from 30 to 100 centimeters and a circumference in the range, for example, from a few centimeters to a few meters, in particular from 10 to 150 centimeters.

[0034] A number of insulator segments 6 are electrically connected in series, for example along the longitudinal axis of the vacuum valve 1, and in particular are electrically contacted with each other via a number of successive metal shields 5. These insulator segments 6 can also be connected, as defined, optionally via a number of metal shields 5, for example to cables and / or external circuits, in particular via a number of insulator segments of different length, width and / or wall thickness and / or different doping. This allows a good voltage distribution of the vacuum shutoff valve 1 according to the application, in particular according to the current value and / or voltage value and / or the use environment.

[0035] In Fig. 2, two vacuum interruption valves 1 according to Fig. 1 of the invention are arranged in series according to an assembly 10 according to the invention consisting of a plurality of vacuum interruption valves 1. The interconnection of the plurality of insulator segments 6, i.e. the electrical contact and connection of the plurality of insulator segments 6, is carried out via a plurality of metal shields 5 between the contacts 3 and 4 for each vacuum interruption valve 1, respectively. In this case, a series connection as shown in Fig. 2 is possible. Other external connections are possible via the electrical contact and interconnection of the plurality of metal shields 5, in particular according to a desired predetermined voltage distribution or voltage allocation across the plurality of vacuum interruption valves 1. For this purpose, for example, the plurality of metal shields can be constructed in two parts, with an insulating material being arranged between the at least two parts. This allows adjacent insulator segments to be electrically connected to each other separately, each electrically connected to a part of a specific metal shield.

[0036] The vacuum shutoff valves 1 in the embodiment of Fig. 2 are electrically and mechanically connected to one another via two fixed contacts 3, in particular via one commonly formed fixed contact 3 or via contacts 3 which are joined, for example, by screws, adhesives, soldering, welding and / or press joints. The vacuum shutoff valves 1 can also be connected to one another via two or one movable contact and one fixed contact 3, 4, but this is not shown for the sake of simplicity. For driving the movable contact 4 during electrical opening and closing, for example a motor-type and / or spring-type drive is provided, but this is not shown for the sake of simplicity.

[0037] The vacuum shutoff valves 1 are arranged, for example, in a housing 11, i.e. surrounded by a housing 11. This housing 11 is, for example, a gas-tight metal tank housing and / or a gas-tight insulator housing. The metal tank housing is, for example, made of steel and / or aluminum and is, in particular, at earth potential in the dead tank method. The insulator housing is, for example, made of ceramic, silicone and / or composite material and has, in particular, a ribbed outer surface for extending the leakage current path. This housing 11 is, for example, filled with clean air as a climate-neutral insulating gas 12. Alternatively or additionally, insulating gases 12 such as SF6 and / or CO2 can be used.

[0038] The above-mentioned embodiments can be combined with each other and / or with the prior art. Thus, for example, three or more vacuum shutoff valves 1 can be interconnected, in particular in series and / or in parallel. The insulator segments 6 can have different shapes, in particular cylindrical, tubular with an elliptical base and top surface, rectangular, square and / or with a convex and / or concave surface. The surface of these insulator segments 6 can be structured, for example, in particular with a ribbed and / or wavy structure.

[0039] The above-mentioned vacuum shut-off valve 1 according to the invention and the assembly 10 according to the invention, in which several vacuum shut-off valves 1 are connected in series in succession, in particular in series, allow voltage distribution over several vacuum shut-off valves 1 by means of several insulator segments 6 formed as resistors and / or capacitors. These voltages can be predetermined equally or differently and distributed over several vacuum shut-off valves 1 or these elements by the selection of these insulator segments 6 and their interconnection. The use of several insulator segments 6 as several resistors and / or several capacitors, which in this case can be considered as insulators since they have electrical insulating properties with particularly very high resistance values, allows a compact and space-saving construction, which allows a cost-effective and spatially minimized housing 11, in particular the use of an insulating gas 12 such as clean air together with a housing 11 with small or minimized and / or standard dimensions. Such a voltage distribution of the voltages, especially high voltages, across a vacuum interrupt valve 1 or across multiple vacuum interrupt valves 1 prevents overvoltages and even damage or destruction of the vacuum interrupt valve 1 and / or the assembly 10 comprising multiple vacuum interrupt valves 1 when the contacts are open, i.e. when the contacts 3, 4 are spaced apart from each other. Any desired voltage distribution is possible by means of different circuits or interconnections, especially when using multiple insulator segments of different sizes as capacitors and / or resistors, especially when using insulator segments 6 of different lengths, widths and / or wall thicknesses and / or dopings. [Explanation of symbols]

[0040] 1 Vacuum shutoff valve 2 Outer cover 3 Fixed contacts 4 Movable contacts 5 Metal shield, e.g. main shield 6 Insulator Segments 7 Bellows 8 First cover part 9 Second cover part 10 Assembly with multiple vacuum shutoff valves 11 Metal tank housing or insulator housing 12 Insulating gas, e.g. clean air

Claims

1. A vacuum interruption valve (1) for opening and closing a voltage, comprising at least one housing (2) and at least two contacts (3, 4), A vacuum interruption valve (1) in which the at least one casing (2) comprises at least one insulator segment (6), said at least one insulator segment (6) being formed as a control element; A vacuum shutoff valve (1).

2. A vacuum shutoff valve (1) according to claim 1, the at least one jacket (2) includes two or more insulation segments (6), in particular each of the plurality of insulation segments (6) being connected via at least one metal shield (5); A vacuum shutoff valve (1).

3. A vacuum shutoff valve (1) according to claim 2, The plurality of insulator segments (6) have a dielectric constant ε ｒ is in the range of 15 to 10,000, particularly in the range of 15 to 2,000, and / or a plurality of different dielectric constants ε ｒ Formed of and / or including a plurality of materials having A vacuum shutoff valve (1).

4. A vacuum shutoff valve (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the at least one insulator segment (6) is made of and / or comprises glass, ceramic and / or glass ceramic, A vacuum shutoff valve (1).

5. A vacuum shutoff valve (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, The at least one insulator segment (6) is formed to vacuum seal the outer casing (2) against the outside. A vacuum shutoff valve (1).

6. A vacuum shutoff valve (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the at least one insulator segment (6) is formed as a hollow cylinder, in particular with a cylindrical cross section, A vacuum shutoff valve (1).

7. A vacuum shutoff valve (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the at least one jacket (2) comprises a plurality of insulation segments (6) of different lengths along the longitudinal axis of the vacuum shut-off valve (1) and / or a plurality of insulation segments (6) of different widths and / or of a given wall thickness, in particular in cross section, A vacuum shutoff valve (1).

8. A vacuum shutoff valve (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the at least one insulator segment (6) each has a conductivity in the range of resistive voltage control, in particular in the kilo-ohm and / or mega-ohm range, and / or said at least one insulator segment (6) each has a capacitance in the range of capacitive voltage control, in particular in the range of 10 to 10,000 pF, A vacuum shutoff valve (1).

9. A vacuum shutoff valve (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, The at least two contacts (3, 4) comprise at least one spatially fixed contact (3) and at least one spatially movable contact (4), the at least one movable contact (4) is guided in a vacuum-tight manner into the at least one housing (2), in particular via at least one bellows (7), and / or at least two cover parts (8, 9) close both ends of the vacuum shut-off valve, and / or the insulator segments (6) with the cover parts (8, 9) close the vacuum shut-off valve (1) in a vacuum-tight manner against the outside by means of the at least one bellows (7), The insulator segments (6) are in particular connected to one another via metal shields (5), A vacuum shutoff valve (1).

10. A vacuum shutoff valve (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, It is designed to switch voltages in the high voltage range, particularly in the range of 52 kV or more; A vacuum shutoff valve (1).

11. An assembly (10) comprising a plurality of vacuum shutoff valves (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, At least two, in particular three or more, vacuum shutoff valves (1) are electrically connected in series, in particular connected in series with a plurality of insulator segments (6), and / or electrically connected via at least one metal shield (5) and / or via multiple metal shields (5); The plurality of vacuum shutoff valves (1) are electrically connected in series via the plurality of contacts (3, 4). Assembly comprising:

12. Assembly (10) according to claim 11, The vacuum shutoff valve (1) includes a metal tank housing and / or an insulator housing (11) in which the vacuum shutoff valves (1) are arranged, and the housing is filled with clean air as an insulating gas (12). Assembly comprising:

13. A method for voltage distribution of a plurality of vacuum shutoff valves (1), in particular of a plurality of vacuum shutoff valves (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, and / or of an assembly (10) according to any one of claims 11 to 12 comprising a plurality of said vacuum shutoff valves (1), comprising: the voltage distribution is performed by the insulator segments (6) as control elements, in particular as capacitors and / or resistors, the insulator segment (6) is part of the casings (2) of the vacuum shutoff valves (1) and / or in particular comprises the vacuum shutoff valves (1) and / or in one housing containing a plurality of insulator segments (6) of a plurality of different vacuum shutoff valves (1) connected in series, the insulator segments (6) being arranged around the respective outer casings (2), in particular as a ring surrounding the outer casings (2), A voltage distribution method comprising:

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