Method and system for providing a fluid product mailer - Patents.com

Abstract

The folded mailer system (101) comprises a container (105) for holding a liquid and a structure (103) having at least two sections (102a, 104a) that fold together when the container is shipped. The container (105) and structure (103) are machinable in an automated mailer system.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] (CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS) This application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 268,148, filed February 17, 2022, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] (Technical field) All references cited herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety. [Background technology]

[0003] For most product manufacturers, the cost of shipping a product is a significant expense. When the cost of shipping a product approaches and / or exceeds 20% of the product's retail price, such costs can significantly eat into the product manufacturer's potential profits. In many cases, product manufacturers use commercial shipping carriers (e.g., United Parcel Service (UPS), FedEx, DHL, etc.) because commercial shipping carriers can provide door-to-door service.

[0004] In the United States, private carriers typically charge three to five times or more the shipping rates set by the United States Postal Service (USPS) for first-class mail. Private carriers generally charge higher rates to deliver products to consumers' doorsteps because they are not permitted to deliver products to U.S. Post Office mailboxes.

[0005] On the other hand, product manufacturers can potentially reduce their shipping costs significantly compared to commercial carriers by taking advantage of the United States Postal Service's first-class postage rates, provided they can provide packaging that is "machine-processable" as defined by the US Postal Service. First-class postage rates (as of this writing) are $0.42 per 1.0 ounce and $0.17 per additional ounce. [See https: / / about.usps.com / postal-bulletin / 2007 / html / pb22218 / kit1_010.html]

[0006] The maximum size of a "machine processable" letter for USPS First Class Postage is length x width x thickness, 11-1 / 2 inches x 6-1 / 8 inches x 1 / 4 inch thick. If any USPS First Class mail piece exceeds any of the maximum dimensions of the Letter size, it is classified and priced as a Large Envelope (flat) rate. The maximum weight of a Letter size for USPS First Class Postage is 3.5 ounces (weight).

[0007] The USPS defines common characteristics that make a piece unmachine processable as follows: an aspect ratio (length divided by height) less than 1.3 or greater than 2.5, mail containing rigid or irregularly shaped objects, delivery addresses parallel to the short side of the piece, and mail with a length of 6 inches or more or a height of 4-1 / 4 inches or more when the thickness is less than 0.009 inches.

[0008] The non-rigid requirement for machine-processable first-class mail is important. The USPS has such a non-rigid requirement because the sorting machines it uses have metal drums that each have a radius of approximately 5.5 inches. A first-class piece is "non-rigid" if it can be bent around these metal drums and conforms to its shape with this 5.5 inch radius.

[0009] Meeting the requirements of USPS First Class Mail presents product manufacturers with a unique set of variables that must be resolved in order to ship their products via this cost-effective service. This set of variables becomes even more complicated when product manufacturers ship fluid-type products. If a fluid-type product must be shipped via USPS First Class Mail, the container that holds the fluid must meet these stringent requirements as well as prevent the fluid from leaking from the container.

[0010] Thus, there is a need in the art for a method and system for creating fluid product containers that meet the stringent requirements established by the USPS in setting first class postage rates. Thus, there is a need in the art for a fluid product mailer that is compact, flexible, and can be "machine processed" by the USPS, or can be processed without human intervention during the mailing or sorting process. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The folded mailer system is capable of housing / sealing a container that holds a liquid. The folded mailer system meets the requirements / standards established by the USPS for first class machine-processable mail. Although the folded mailer system meets the USPS requirements / standards for first class machine-processable mail, the folded mailer system may also meet the requirements / standards for machine-processable mail in jurisdictions other than the United States, such as, but not limited to, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Spain, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, Australia, Japan, China, Taiwan, and the Russian Federation.

[0012] The mailer system can include a container capable of holding a liquid and a structure for holding the container as it is shipped. The structure can have at least two sections that fold together as the container is shipped. The container and the structure can be machine-processable in an automated mailer system.

[0013] One section of the structure can have an aperture for receiving the container. The structure can have a third section that folds over the first and second sections. When the container and structure are shipped, the structure can have a tri-fold configuration. Each section of the structure can have a removable portion that is removed after the container and structure are shipped, thereby allowing the container to be removed from the structure. The container can have a fluid outlet. The container can hold a fluid including at least one of a fragrance, a pheromone, a cosmetic product, a pharmaceutical composition, an insecticide or a parasiticide composition (for animals, including humans). The container can also have a bottom plate. The structure of the system can include a planar sheet. The planar sheet can include multiple layers.

[0014] According to another exemplary embodiment, a mailer system can include a folded planar member and a container attached to the folded planar member. The container can be fluid-sealing. The mailer system can be machined by an automated mailer system that uses at least one drum to bend the mailer system around the drum.

[0015] The fluid in the container can comprise a topical composition for the treatment or prevention of ectoparasitic infections in animals. The ectoparasites include at least one of fleas, ticks, lice, and mange. The fluid can include at least one of a fragrance, a pheromone, a companion animal cosmetic, or an insecticide or parasiticide.

[0016] The folded planar member may comprise multiple layers, where a layer may comprise at least one of cardboard, varnish, and plastic film.

[0017] According to another exemplary embodiment, a mailer system can include a folded planar member and a container attached to the folded planar member. The container can be fluid-sealing. The folded planar member can further include an aperture for receiving the container. The mailer system can be machined by an automated mailer system that uses at least one drum to fold the mailer system around the drum.

[0018] This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. It is not intended to identify key elements of the invention or to delineate the scope of the invention.

[0019] In the drawings, reference numerals refer to similar parts throughout the various views unless otherwise indicated. A letter reference numeral, such as "102A" or "102B," may distinguish between two similar parts or elements present in the same drawing. When the reference numeral is intended to encompass all parts having the same reference numeral in all drawings, the letter designation of the reference numeral may be omitted. For clarity, not all parts are shown in every drawing.

[0020] The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any aspect described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as exclusive, preferred, or advantageous over other aspects. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0021] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a mailer system in a partially open state including a folding structure according to one exemplary embodiment. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 illustrates a mailer system in a fully open or open state, with the three sections substantially parallel to one another and the front sides of the sections visible. [Diagram 3] FIG. 1 illustrates the mailer system in a fully open or open state, with the three sections substantially parallel to one another and the rear sides of the sections visible. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is an elevational view of a mailer system with three sections fully open or in an open position along with exemplary dimensions / sizes. [Figure 5A] FIG. 2 is a top view of a container according to one exemplary embodiment of the mailer system. [Figure 5B] FIG. 5B is a side view of the container 105 shown in FIG. 5A according to one exemplary embodiment. [Figure 6A-6B] FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view of the container shown in FIGS. 5A-5B, and FIG. 6B is an enlarged view of the section depicted in FIG. 6A. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the mailer system when the mailer system is in a folded or closed state ready for shipping or mailing. [Figure 8] 1 is a cross-sectional view of the mailer system when it is positioned around the drum of an automated sorting system and folded into shape by the tension of a transport belt. [Figure 9] 8 is a cross-sectional view of the mailer system when it is in a folded or closed position and ready for shipping or mailing, similar to FIG. 7 . [Figure 10] 26 is an elevational view of a mailer system illustrating a first step 2605 (see flow chart of FIG. 26) in forming the mailer system. [Figure 11] 26 is an elevational view of the mailer system illustrating a second step 2610 (see flow chart of FIG. 26) of forming the mailer system. [Figure 12] FIG. 13 shows the third section folded along the fold line to reveal its underside and lie on top of the second section. [Figure 13A] FIG. 26 is an elevational view of the mailer system illustrating a fourth step 2620 (see flow chart of FIG. 26) of forming the mailer system. [Figure 13B] FIG. 26 is an elevational view of a mailer system illustrating another version / embodiment of a fourth step 2620' (see flow chart of FIG. 26) of forming the mailer system. [Figure 14] FIG. 26 is an elevational view of the mailer system illustrating a sixth step 2630 (see flow chart of FIG. 26) of forming the mailer system. [Figure 15] FIG. 26 is an elevational view of the mailer system illustrating a seventh step 2635 (see flow chart of FIG. 26) of forming the mailer system. [Figure 16] 26 is an elevational view of the mailer system illustrating an eighth step 2640 (see flow chart of FIG. 26) of forming the mailer system. [Figure 17] 26 is an elevational view of the mailer system showing a ninth step 2645 (see flow chart of FIG. 26) of forming the mailer system. [Figure 18A] FIG. 26 is an elevational view of a mailer system illustrating another version / embodiment of the seventh step 2635' (see flow chart of FIG. 26) of forming the mailer system. [Figure 18B] 26 is an elevational view of a mailer system showing another version / embodiment of the seventh step 2635' of FIG. 26. [Figure 19] FIG. 1 illustrates how a single ply sheet (unfolded) for a mailer system can be formed from a single ply of cardboard. [Figure 20] FIG. 1 shows that a flat sheet for a mailer system can be formed from two layers. [Figure 21] FIG. 1 illustrates a sheet formed from two layers for a mailer system. [Figure 22] FIG. 1 shows a two-ply sheet for a mailer system. [Figure 23] FIG. 1 shows a two-ply sheet for a mailer system. [Figure 24] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a geometric planar sheet for a mailer system made from three layers. [Diagram 25]FIG. 2 is another cross-sectional view of a geometric planar sheet for a mailer system made from three layers. [Figure 26] FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of a method of forming the folded mailer system corresponding to FIGS. 10-18B. [Figure 27A] FIG. 13 is a top view of a container according to an alternative exemplary embodiment of the mailer system. [Figure 27B] FIG. 27B is a side view of the container shown in FIG. 27A according to an alternative exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0022] Referring to FIG. 1, this figure shows a perspective view of mailer system 101 in a partially unfolded state, including folding structure 103 according to an exemplary embodiment of system 101. Folding structure 103 has a first planar section 102a, a second planar section 104a, and a third planar section 106b. In FIG. 1, the front side 102a of first planar section 102 is visible, but only a small portion of the front side 104a of second planar section 104 is visible. The rear side 106b of third planar section 106 blocks or covers most of the front side 104a of second planar section 104. This rear side 106b has a curved edge 127, which is also shown in FIG. 2, described below.

[0023] The third planar section 106 has an aperture 107 having a shape that substantially mirrors the shape of the container 105. According to one exemplary embodiment, the container 105 may contain or contain a fluid. However, as described below, the container may contain a solid or semi-solid substance.

[0024] When in fluid form, the fluid can include a topical composition for the treatment or prevention of ectoparasitic infections and / or infestations in animals (i.e., treatment and / or prevention of fleas, ticks, lice, mange and / or nematodes and heartworms in companion animals). In one embodiment, the animal can be a companion animal. Companion animals include, but are not limited to, dogs and cats. However, other types of dosage forms are possible and within the scope of this disclosure, some of which are described in more detail below.

[0025] Other fluids within container 105 may include human fragrances, pheromones, cosmetics, insecticides, pharmaceutical compositions, or fluids for a variety of other uses, etc. Additionally, as discussed above, container 105 may encase or contain objects other than fluids. For example, container 105 may contain soft chew compositions, tablets / medications, gels, lotions, pastes, electronic chips such as transponders for companion animals, or memory chips for personal computing devices (i.e., wireless phones, laptops, cameras, etc.).

[0026] In other embodiments, container 105 can hold a variety of other types of pharmaceutical compositions and dosage forms. For example, in one exemplary embodiment, container 105 can hold a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of at least one active ingredient or a salt thereof in combination with an acceptable carrier or diluent. The pharmaceutical composition can be in a variety of liquid and solid forms suitable for various applications or methods of administration to an animal.

[0027] As another example, a pharmaceutical composition can include one or more active ingredients that are compositions suitable for oral administration, injection administration, including subcutaneous and parenteral administration, topical administration (e.g., spot-on or pour-on), local administration, including dermal or subcutaneous administration. One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the shape and size of the dosage form may be adapted to fit into the container 105 of the present invention.

[0028] Suitable topical spot-on or pour-on formulation compositions can include a pharma- ceutically effective amount of at least one active ingredient in a pharma- ceutically acceptable carrier or diluent. Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or diluents for topical compositions can include, but are not limited to, solvents and solvent mixtures, penetration enhancers, surfactants, antioxidants, pH stabilizers, preservatives, and crystallization inhibitors well known in the art.

[0029] In another exemplary embodiment, the container 105 can hold a composition suitable for oral administration to an animal. Dosage forms suitable for oral administration include dietary supplements, troches, lozenges, chewables (e.g., chewable tablets or soft chewables), tablets, hard or soft capsules, boluses, emulsions, aqueous or oily suspensions, aqueous or oily solutions, compositions for oral administration, dispersible powders or granules, premixes, syrups or elixirs, enteric compositions or pastes. In one embodiment, the container can contain a spreadable chewable paste or gum for oral administration. The size and shape of the spreadable chewable paste can be adapted to fit the size and shape of the container 105. Pharmaceutical compositions intended for oral use can be prepared according to any method well known in the art for the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions. For example, suitable tablets can be obtained by mixing one or more active agents with known excipients, such as, for example, inert diluents, carriers, disintegrants, adjuvants, surfactants, binders and / or lubricants.

[0030] In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, container 105 may include a soft chew veterinary composition comprising an effective amount of at least one active agent in a pharma- ceutically acceptable carrier.

[0031] The container 105 can contain various active agents and combinations of active agents along with a pharma- ceutically acceptable carrier or diluent. In one embodiment, the active ingredient can include one or more arylpyrazole compounds, such as phenylpyrazole insecticides known in the art. Phenylpyrazole insecticides act by blocking glutamate-activated chloride channels (GABAA-gated chloride) in insects. Examples of such phenylpyrazole compounds include, but are not limited to, those described in U.S. Patent Nos. 6,001,384, 6,010,710, 6,083,519, 6,096,329, 6,174,540, 6,685,954, and 6,998,131, all of which are incorporated herein by reference. One particular phenylpyrazole compound that can be included is fipronil.

[0032] In another embodiment of the invention, container 105 may contain one or more macrocyclic lactones that act as acaricides, anthelmintics, and / or insecticides. Macrocyclic lactones include both the avermectins and milbemycins as active agents. Avermectins include, but are not limited to, abamectin, dimadectin, doramectin, emamectin, eprinomectin, ivermectin, latidectin, lepimectin, and selamectin. Milbemycins include, but are not limited to, milbemectin, milbemycin D, milbemycin oxime, moxidectin, and nemadectin. Also included are 5-oxo and 5-oxime derivatives of the avermectins and milbemycins.

[0033] In another embodiment, the active agent in the container 105 can be one or more molecules that are a type of pesticide known as insect growth regulators (IGRs). Compounds belonging to this group are well known to those skilled in the art and represent a wide range of different chemical classes. These compounds all act by preventing the growth or development of pests. Insect growth regulators are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,748,356, 3,818,047, 4,225,598, 4,798,837, 4,751,225, EP 0179022 or GB 2140010, as well as U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,096,329 and 6,685,954, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0034] In one embodiment, the container 105 can contain an IGR (juvenile hormone mimetic) that mimics juvenile hormone. Examples of juvenile hormone mimics include azadirachtin, difenolan, fenoxycarb, hydroprene, kinoprene, (S)-methoprene, pyriproxyfen, tetrahydroazadirachtin, and 4-chloro-2(2-chloro-2-methyl-propyl)-5-(6-iodo-3-pyridylmethoxy)pyridazin-3(2H)-one.

[0035] In another embodiment, the IGR compound in container 105 can include a chitin synthesis inhibitor. Chitin synthesis inhibitors act by disrupting the insect's molting process. Chitin synthesis inhibitors include, but are not limited to, chlorfluazuron, cyromazine, diflubenzuron, fluazuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, hexafluoroone, lufenuron, tebufenozide, teflubenzuron, triflumolone, novaluron, 1-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)-3-(2-fluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenylurea, 1-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)-3-(2-fluoro-4-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl)phenylurea, 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenylurea, 1-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)-3-(2-fluoro-4-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)phenylurea, and 1-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)-3-(2-fluoro-4-trifluoromethyl)phenylurea.

[0036] In yet another embodiment, the active agent in container 105 can include one or more pyrethrin or pyrethroid insecticides and / or acaricides, including cinerin I, cinerin II, jasmolin I, jasmolin II, pyrethrin I, pyrethrin II, and mixtures thereof, as well as permethrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, cyphenothrin, deltamethrin, dimefluthrin, esfenvalerate, etofenprox, fenvalerate, fenpropathrin, flucythrinate, flumethrin, imiprothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, metofluthrin, fenothrin, prallethrin, resmethrin, silafluofen, tau-fluvalic acid, tefluthrin, tetramethrin, tralomethrin, and transfluthrin. Suitable carbamates include, but are not limited to, benoxal, carbanolate, carbaryl, carbofuran, mesothiocarb, methocarb, promacyl, propoxur, aldicarb, butocarboxim, oxamyl, thiocarboxim, and thiofanox.

[0037] In some embodiments, the active agent contained in container 105 may be one or more anti-nematode agents, including, but not limited to, active agents in the benzimidazoles, imidazothiazoles, tetrahydropyrimidines, and organophosphates classes of compounds. In some embodiments, the benzimidazoles include, but are not limited to, thiobendazole, cambendazole, parbendazole, oxibendazole, mebendazole, flubendazole, fenbendazole, oxfendazole, albendazole, cyclobendazole, febantel, thiophanate, and its o,o-dimethyl analog.

[0038] In other embodiments, the active agent in container 105 may be an imidazothiazole compound, including but not limited to tetramisole, levamisole, and butamisole.

[0039] In yet other embodiments, the active agent in container 105 may be a tetrahydropyrimidine active agent, including, but not limited to, pyrantel, oxatel, and morantel.

[0040] Suitable organophosphorus active agents that may be transported by container 105 include, but are not limited to, coumaphos, trichlorfon, halophos, naphthalophos and dichlorvos, heptenophos, mevinphos, monocrotophos, TEPP, and tetrachlorvinphos.

[0041] In other embodiments, the active agents in container 105 can be phenothiazines and piperazines as neutral compounds or various salt forms, such as diethylcarbamazine, phenols such as diphenol, arsenic compounds such as arsenic acid amides, ethanolamines such as bephenium, crosylated thionine, and cyanine dyes including pyrivinium chloride, pyrivinium pamoate, and dithiazanine iodide; isothiocyanates including vitroscanic acid, sodium suramin, phthalofine, and various natural products including, but not limited to, hygromycin B, α-santonin, and kainic acid.

[0042] In another embodiment, the container 105 can contain an anti-fluke drug. Suitable anti-fluke drugs include, but are not limited to, miracils such as miracil D and mirasan, various bisphenol compounds known in the art including praziquantel, clonazepam and its 3-methyl derivative, orthopyrazole, leucanone, hycanone, oxaminxin, amoscanate, niridazole, nitroxynil, hexachlorophene, bithionol, bithionol sulfoxide, and meniclofolan, various salicylanilide compounds including tribromusalan, oxyclozanide, cloxanide, lafoxanide, brothianide, bromoxanide, and closantel, triclabendazole, diphenthiod, clorsulon, hekitrin, and emetine.

[0043] Anti-taenid drugs may also be included in container 105, including, but not limited to, arecoline, bunamidine, niclosamide, nitroscanate, paromomycin, and paromomycin II in various salt forms.

[0044] In yet another embodiment, the container 105 can contain an active agent effective against arthropod parasites. Suitable active agents include, but are not limited to, bromocyclen, chlordane, DDT, endosulfan, lindane, methoxychlor, toxaphene, bromophos, bromophos ethyl, carbophos, chlorfenvinphos, chlorpyrifos, crotoxyphos, cythionate, diazinon, dichlordane, dimethoate, dioxathion, ethion, fenpros, fenitrothion, fenthion, phosphamidon, phosmet, phosphoryl, malathion, naphthalene ... Ledo, fenpropathrin, propetamphos, propetophos, propadium, profenofos, profenphos, promethazine, prometryn, piperophos, pyridafen, pirimiphos-methyl, pyrethroids, pyrethrins, linaclotilide, rimprothrin, rofecoxib, loramethrin, loratrine, roliphenyl, chlordane ... , chlordane, chlordane, chlordane, chlordane, chlordane, chlordane, fenvalerate, flucythrinate, permethrin, fenothrin, pyrethrin, resmethrin, benzyl benzoate, carbon disulfide, crotamiton, diflubenzuron, diphenylamine, disulfiram, isobornyl thiocyanatoacetate, methoprene, monosulfamide, pyrenonyl butoxide, rotenone, triphenyltin acetate, triphenyltin hydroxide, diethyl toluamide, dimethyl phthalate, and the compounds 1,5a,6,9,9a,9b-hexahydro-4a(4H)-dibenzofurancarboxaldehyde (MGK-11), 2-(2-ethylhexyl)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methano-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)dione (MGK-264), dipropyl-2,5-pyridinedicarboxylate (MGK-326), and 2-(octylthio)ethanol (MGK-874).

[0045] Other anti-parasitic agents that may be included in the container 105 include biologically active peptides or proteins, including, but not limited to, cyclic depsipeptides, which act at the neuromuscular junction by stimulating presynaptic receptors belonging to the scicidin receptor family, resulting in paralysis and death of the parasite. In one embodiment, the cyclic depsipeptide is an octacyclodepsipeptide, such as emodepside or PF1022A (see Willson et al., Parasitology, Jan. 2003, 126(Pt 1):79-86). In another embodiment, the cyclooctadepsipeptide is an active agent described in U.S. Patent Nos. 10,081,656 and 10,344,056, both of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0046] In another embodiment, an active agent of the neonicotinoid class of pesticides can be included in container 105. Neonicotinoids bind to and inhibit the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of insects. In one embodiment, the neonicotinoid insecticide is imidacloprid. Imidacloprid is a well-known neonicotinoid active agent and is the primary active ingredient in topical parasiticide products Advantage®, Advantage® II, K9 Advantix®, and K9 Advantix® II sold by Elanco Animal Health, Inc. Agents of this class are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,742,060 or European Patent No. 0892060, which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0047] In another embodiment, the neonicotinoid active agent carried by container 105 is nitenpyram. Nitenpyram is the active ingredient in CAPSTAR™ Tablets, an oral product sold by Novartis Animal Health. Nitenpyram acts against adult fleas when administered daily as an oral tablet. Nitenpyram works by disrupting normal neurotransmission, leading to the death of the insects. Nitenpyram acts very quickly against fleas. For example, CAPSTAR™ tablets begin to act against fleas as early as 30 minutes after administration, making them suitable for use as frequently as once a day.

[0048] In another embodiment, the insecticide that can be included in the container 105 of the present invention is a semicarbazone, such as metaflumizone.

[0049] In another embodiment, container 105 may contain isoxazoline compounds known in the art. These isoxazoline activators are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,964,204, 8,410,153, 2011 / 0152312, 2010 / 0254960A1, 2011 / 0159107, 2012 / 0309620, 2012 / 030841, 2010 / 069247, WO2007 / 125984, WO2012 / 086462, 8,318,757, 2011 / 144349, and others. U.S. Patent No. 8,053,452; U.S. Patent No. 2010 / 0137612, U.S. Patent No. 2010 / 0254959, U.S. Patent No. 2011 / 152081, WO2012 / 089623, WO2012 / 089622, U.S. Patent No. 8,119,671; U.S. Patent No. 7947,715; WO2102 / 120135, WO2012 / 107533, WO2011 / 157748, U.S. Patent No. 2011 / 0245274, U.S. Patent No. 2011 / 0245239, U.S. Patent No. 2012 / 23202 6, U.S. Patent No. 2012 / 077765, U.S. Patent No. 2012 / 035122, U.S. Patent No. 2011 / 251247, WO2011 / 154433, WO2011 / 154434, U.S. Patent No. 2012 / 238517, U.S. Patent No. 2011 / 166193, WO2011 / 104088, WO2011 / 104087, WO2011 / 104089, U.S. Patent No. 2012 / 15946, U.S. Patent No. 2009 / 143410, WO007 / 123855A2, U.S. Patent No. 2011 / 11 Nos. 8212, 7951828 & 7662972, 2010 / 0137372A1, 2010 / 0179194A2, 2011 / 0086886A2, 2011 / 0059988A1, 2010 / 0179195A1, 7,897,630, 7,951,828 and 7,662,972, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

[0050] Isoxazoline compounds that may be transported by container 105 include, but are not limited to, afoxolane ether, esafoxolane ether, umifoxolane ether, fluralaner, saralan, and lotilan.

[0051] In another embodiment of the present invention, nodurisporic acid and its derivatives (a group of compounds known as acaricides, anthelmintics, antiparasitic agents and insecticides) can be included in container 105. These compounds are used to treat or prevent infectious diseases in humans and animals and are described, for example, in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,399,582, 5,962,499, 6,221,894, and 6,399,786, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

[0052] In another embodiment, an anthelmintic compound of the aminoacetonitrile class (AAD) such as Monopantel (ZOLVIX) can be included in the container 105. These compounds are described, for example, in WO 2004 / 024704 and U.S. Pat. No. 7,084,280 (incorporated by reference); Sager et al., Veterinary Parasit 2009, 159, 49-54; Kaminsky et al., Nature vol. 452, March 13, 2008, 176-181.

[0053] The container 105 of the present invention can contain arylazol-2-ylcyanoethylamino compounds as described in U.S. Pat. No. 8,088,801 to Saul et al., which is incorporated herein by reference, and thioamide derivatives of these compounds as described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,964,621, which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0054] Paraherquamide compounds and derivatives of these compounds, such as derquantel (see Ostlind et al., Research in Veterinary Science, 1990, vol. 48, pp. 260-61; and Ostlind et al., Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 1997, vol. 11, pp. 407-408) can also be included in container 105. Parahexamide compounds are a class of compounds known to contain a spirodioxepinoindole core that are active against certain parasites (see Tet. Lett. 1981, 22, 135; J. Antibiotics 1990, 43, 1380, and J. Antibiotics 1991, 44, 492). Additionally, structurally related compounds of the marforine class, such as marforine AC, are known and may be combined with the formulations of the present invention (see J. Chem. Soc. - Chem. Comm. 1980, 601 and Tet. Lett. 1981, 22, 1977). Additional references for parahexamide derivatives are found in, for example, WO91 / 09961, WO92 / 22555, WO97 / 03988, WO01 / 076370, WO09 / 004432, U.S. Patent No. 5,703,078, and U.S. Patent No. 5,750,695, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0055] In a particular embodiment, container 105 can contain a combination of the phenylpyrazole compounds fipronil and (S)-methoprene, a combination of active agents contained in the companion animal product "Frontline® Plus" available at the time of this writing.

[0056] In another embodiment, container 105 can have a combination of fipronil, (S)-methoprene and pyriproxyfen, a combination of active agents present in the companion animal medicine "Frontline® Gold" for dogs available at the time of writing.

[0057] In another embodiment, container 105 can have a combination of phenylpyrazole active agents fipronil, permethrin and pyriproxyfen, which are present in the companion animal medicine "Frontline® Shield" for dogs available as of this writing.

[0058] In another embodiment, container 105 can have a combination of the phenylpyrazole compounds fipronil and permethrin, a combination of active agents present in Frontline Triact® / Frontect®, a treatment product for companion animals available at the time of this writing.

[0059] The container 105 is removable through an aperture 107 in the third section 106. The container 105 is releasably secured to the front side 104a of the second section 104 using a releasable gel adhesive or an equivalent securing method as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0060] In the perspective view of FIG. 1, the front side 102a of the front section 102 is visible, and the rear side 106b of the third section 106 is fully exposed. Only a portion of the front portion 104a of the second section 104 is visible because the third section 106 is folded over the front portion 104a of the second section 104. Furthermore, the front portion 102a of the first section 102 is "open" or lifted upward relative to the rear portion 106b of the third section 106. As shown in FIG. 1, the second section 104 and the third section 106 may be described as being in a "closed" or "folded" state relative to one another, while the first section 102 relative to the third section 106 may be described as being in an "open" or "unfolded" state.

[0061] Each section 102, 104, 106 may further comprise text that is comprised of alphanumeric human readable text and machine readable elements (ie, two-dimensional bar codes). The human readable text / characters and / or machine readable elements may further describe the contents of the container 105 and / or how a consumer may use the contents of the container 105 .

[0062] 2, this shows mailer system 101 in a fully opened or unfolded state, where the three sections 102, 104, 106 are substantially parallel to one another and the front faces 102a, 104a, 106a of the three sections 102, 104, 106 are visible. In this view, container 105 (see FIG. 1) has been removed from system 101, but aperture 107 is still visible. As mentioned above, aperture 107 has a shape that substantially mirrors the shape of container 105. Aperture 107 is slightly larger than container 105 so that it can surround and hold container 105 when mailer system 101 is in a folded or closed state.

[0063] In FIG. 2, additional sections 202 are visible compared to FIG. 1, where these sections 202 have been removed and are not present. Sections 202a-g may be removed or broken along the dashed lines shown in FIG. 2 and are present along the three sections 102, 104, and 106. Sections 202a-g are typically present when mailer system 101 is in the folded or closed state. Typically, an adhesive, such as glue (not visible in FIG. 2), may be applied to sections 202 just prior to placing mailer system 101 in the folded state.

[0064] Adhesive-containing section 202 is typically removed from mailer system 101 after mailer system 101 has been transported or shipped to a consumer. As mentioned above, adhesive-containing section 202 may be removed along the cut or dashed lines shown in Figure 2. In view of Figure 2, front sides 102a, 104a, 106a of first, second and third sections 102, 104, 106 are visible. Front side 102a may have text and / or graphics 133. In this exemplary embodiment, graphic 133 depicts a companion animal (i.e., a dog).

[0065] The curved edge 127 in Figure 2 is the curved edge 127 shown in Figure 1 above. As shown in Figure 1, the front side 106a of the third section 106 is folded over to cover the front side 104a of the second section 104. Because the front side 106a of the third section 106 is folded over the second section 104, the curved edge 127 is adjacent to the front side 102a of the first section 102.

[0066] Referring now to Figure 3, this figure shows mailer system 101 in a fully opened or unfolded state, with the three sections 102, 104, 106 substantially parallel to one another, and with rear sides 102b, 104b, 106c of the three sections 102, 103, 106 visible. Figure 3 is similar to Figure 2, so only the differences between the two figures will be described here. In this Figure 3, container 105 is shown to reside within aperture 107. Typically, container 105 would be attached to front surface 104a of second section 104, as shown in Figure 1.

[0067] Each back side 102b, 104b, 106b of each section 102, 104, 106, like the front side 102a, 104a, 106a, can have unique and different alphanumeric human readable text and machine readable elements. The elements may include the mailpiece address and postage or U.S. postal permit, which are printed directly on the mailpiece or printed on a paper label that is affixed to the mailpiece using an adhesive. The text and / or machine readable elements on the back side 102b, 104b, 106b can be different, similar, and / or the same as the information presented on both sides 102a, 104a, 106a.

[0068] Referring now to Figure 4, this figure shows an elevational view of mailer system 101 with three sections 102, 104, 106 in a fully open or open position, along with example dimensions / sizes. The example dimensions in Figure 4 are in millimeters. However, other sizes and / or shapes are possible and are within the scope of the present disclosure. As one of ordinary skill in the art would understand, other sizes may be smaller or larger than those shown in Figure 4.

[0069] As discussed above, the size and / or shape of the mailer system 101 should meet the "machine processable" requirements set forth by the USPS for first class postage. Although the mailer system 101 meets the USPS requirements / standards for first class machine processable mail, the mailer system 101 may also meet the requirements / standards for machine processable mail in other jurisdictions outside of the United States, such as, but not limited to, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Spain, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, Australia, Japan, China, Taiwan, the Russian Federation, etc.

[0070] Referring now to Figure 5A, this figure shows a top view of container 105 according to one exemplary embodiment of mailer system 101. Exemplary dimensions in millimeters (mm) are also shown in Figure 5A (see mm dimensions between arrows in the figure). As with Figure 4, other sizes and / or shapes are possible and are within the scope of the present disclosure. As one of ordinary skill in the art would understand, other sizes may be smaller or larger than those shown in Figure 5A. As mentioned above, the size and / or shape of the mailer system 101 should meet the "machine processable" requirements established by the USPS for first class postage.

[0071] The container 105 may comprise alphanumeric text and / or machine readable elements 504. The text and / or elements 504 may comprise branding information such as a trademark or trade name. The container may further comprise an outlet 502 through which liquid (not visible) within the container 105 can escape when an edge of the outlet 502 is cut and / or removed.

[0072] As shown in Figure 5B, the container 105 has an end portion 507. The container 105 further has a bottom plate 511 to which the end portion 507 is coupled. The bottom plate 511 further has an edge 509. According to this exemplary embodiment of Figure 5B, the distance between the end portion 507 and the edge 509 of the bottom plate 511 is about 5.5 mm. This dimension is provided because various dimensions of the container 105 may be adjusted as desired, as shown in Figures 27A-27B and described below.

[0073] Reference is now made to FIG. 5B, which is a side view of the container 105 depicted in FIG. 5A according to one exemplary embodiment. FIG. 5B also provides example dimensions, which are not limited to those shown. As noted above, to meet the USPS requirements for machine-processable first class mail, the height of the container 105 must be less than ¼ inch. To meet the USPS requirements for machine-processable U.S. first class mail, the combined thickness of the cardboard mailer 101 and the container 105 must typically be less than ¼ inch. To meet the USPS requirements for machine-processable U.S. first class mail, the combined thickness of the cardboard mailer 101 and the container 105 must typically be less than ¼ inch.

[0074] Therefore, typically, the height of the container 105 should be less than ¼ inch, taking into account the thickness of the mailer cardboard at the top and bottom of the container 105. However, other sizes smaller or larger are possible and are within the scope of this disclosure. Other larger sizes may cause the container 105 to fall outside of the requirements for U.S. first class mail. However, this may be acceptable under certain circumstances where U.S. first class mail is not desired and / or where the container is shipped / mailed outside of the U.S. and the jurisdiction other than the U.S. does not follow the requirements for first class mail. For example, these other jurisdictions may not respect the requirements for U.S. first class mail, such as the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Spain, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, Australia, Japan, China, Taiwan, and the Russian Federation.

[0075]

[0023] Referring now to Figure 6A, this figure shows a cross-sectional view of the container 105 shown in Figures 5A-5B. In Figure 6A, an edge section 602 of the container 105 is visible. Referring now to Figure 6B, this figure shows an expanded view of the edge section 602 depicted in Figure 6A. The edge section 602 of the container 105 may have a top section 604 and a bottom section 606. The top section 604 in Figure 6B may comprise a multi-layer structure.

[0076] Even more specifically, the top section 604 can include multiple layers, such as, but not limited to, layers in this exemplary order: (external atmosphere adjacent the container 105)>polypropylene-cycloolefin copolymer-polypropylene / polyethylene-ethylene vinyl alcohol-polyethylene>(polyethylene layer is the innermost layer in contact with the liquid in the container 105). An abbreviation for the multi-layer structure of the top section 604 is PP-COC-PP / PE-EVOH-PE. However, other materials and combinations of materials are possible and within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0077] The lower section 606 may also comprise a multi-layer structure, similar to the top section 604. More specifically, the bottom section 604 may include multiple layers, such as, but not limited to, in the following exemplary order: (ambient atmosphere outside the container 105)>printing ink>polyethylene terephthalate / aluminum / polyethylene-ethylene vinyl alcohol-polyethylene>(polyethylene layer is the innermost layer in contact with the liquid in the container 105). The abbreviation for the multi-layer structure of the bottom section 606 is PET / Alu / PE-EVOH-PE. However, other materials and material combinations are possible and within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0078] Referring to FIG. 7, this figure shows a cross-sectional view of mailer system 101 when mailer system 101 is in a folded or closed state ready for shipping or mailing. Specifically, the three sections 102, 104, 106 are folded in a stacked state as follows: the lowest or bottom position is second middle section 104, the third section 106 is located above middle section 104 (see FIGS. 2-3 for the sections in an unfolded state), and the first section is located above third section 106. Thus, from horizontal to vertical in FIG. 7, the order is section 104, section 106, and section 102. However, other orderings and / or stackings of the three sections 102, 104, 106 are possible and are within the scope of the present disclosure, as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0079] 8, this shows a cross-sectional view of mailer system 101 when positioned around the circumference of drum 800 of an automated mail sorting system. Mailer system 101 assumes a curved shape due to the tension of conveyor belt 810, as will be understood by those skilled in the art of automated mail sorting systems.

[0080] Specifically, this diagram illustrates how mailer system 101 deflects around drum 800 as it flows through the automated postal sorting system. According to one example embodiment, drum 800 has a radius of approximately 5.5 inches, as defined by the USPS.

[0081] As one of ordinary skill in the art of automated mail sorting systems will appreciate, to ensure transport through automated mail processing machines, mail pieces and their contents must bend easily under a transport belt tension of approximately 40.0 pounds around the circumference of a drum that is typically 11.0 inches in diameter. That means that for U.S. mail, the bending radius is typically 5.5 inches or greater. 5.5 inches equates to approximately 140.0 mm. In Europe, the diameter of each drum is approximately 280.0 mm (e.g., Siemens brand sorting machines) or approximately 300.0 mm (e.g., Neopost sorting machines).

[0082] Other radii are possible and are within the scope of the present disclosure and may be larger or smaller than the radius shown, as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0083] Referring now to Figure 9, this figure shows a cross-sectional view of mailer system 101 when mailer system 101 is in a folded or closed state ready for shipping or mailing, similar to Figure 7. In this Figure 9, container 105 is clearly shown at the geometric center of mailer system 101 in the folded state. The maximum height of mailer system 101 is also at the geometric center, and this height generally does not exceed 0.25 inches in order to meet the USPS First Class Mail standards mentioned above.

[0084] However, other sizes smaller or larger are possible and within the scope of this disclosure. Other sizes larger than this may place the container 105 outside the requirements for U.S. First Class Mail. However, this may be acceptable under certain circumstances when U.S. First Class requirements are undesirable and / or when the container is shipped / mailed outside the U.S. and the non-U.S. jurisdiction does not follow First Class requirements.

[0085] Referring now to FIG. 10, which is an elevational view of the mailer system 101, illustrating a first step 2605 (see flow chart in FIG. 26) of forming the mailer system 101. In this first step 2605, the mailer system is formed with at least three perforations or cut lines 1005, 1015, 1020. Sections 202a-202g can be subsequently removed along these cut lines 1005, 1015, 1020, as described below. In this first step 2605 shown in FIG. 10, an aperture 107 is also formed. In addition, two fold lines 1022a, 1022b may be formed to form the three sections 102a, 104a, 106a of the tri-fold portion. As discussed above, the aperture 107 generally has a shape substantially similar to the shape of the container 105 (see FIG. 5A). However, as mentioned above, the aperture 107 generally has a circumference that is greater than the circumference of the container 105 .

[0086] Additionally, the cut line 1015 can have a curved shape, however, in other exemplary embodiments, the cut line 1015 can have other shapes, such as straight or other shapes as desired as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0087] Referring now to FIG. 11, which is an elevational view of mailer system 101, illustrating a second step 2610 (see flow chart in FIG. 26) of forming mailer system 101. FIG. 11 is substantially similar to FIG. 10. Therefore, only the differences between FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 will be described here. In FIG. 11, a container 105 may be formed having a shape substantially similar to that of aperture 107. Container 105 is positioned in third folded second section 104a such that aperture 107 is aligned with the outer periphery of container 105 when third section 106a is folded over second section 104a. Thus, in FIG. 11, container 105 is positioned in a mirror image or inside-out position with respect to fold line 1022b and aperture 107. Container 105 is affixed to mailer system 101 using an adhesive such as a releasable gel glue, or a functional equivalent such as a fastening device or mechanism (i.e., tape, staples, openings / slits in a support surface, etc.).

[0088] Referring now to Figure 12, which is an elevational view of mailer system 101 illustrating a third step 2615 (see flow chart of Figure 26) of forming mailer system 101. Figure 12 is substantially similar to Figure 11, and therefore only the differences between Figure 12 and Figure 11 will be described here.

[0089] In Figure 12, the third section 106a has been folded along fold line 1022b, with its underside 106b visible and positioned over the second section 104a. The curved edge 127 of the third section 106a is adjacent to the front side 102a of the third section 102. The aperture 107 is positioned over the container 105, which is shown by the dashed line 105 in this view. The third section 102a remains in the same position relative to Figure 11.

[0090] Reference is now made to Figure 13A, which is an elevational view of mailer system 101 illustrating a fourth step 2620 (see flow chart of Figure 26) of forming mailer system 101. Figure 13A is substantially similar to Figure 12, and therefore only the differences between Figure 13A and Figure 12 will be described herein.

[0091] In this view, mailer system 101 has been rotated ninety degrees (90°) counterclockwise as compared to the view of Figure 12, and third section 102 has been folded along fold line 1022a such that its back side 102b is now visible and folds over container 105 (not visible in Figure 13A). Meanwhile, the front surface 102a of the third section 102 is shown in Figure 12. In this Figure 13A, perforation lines 1005, 1015, 1020 are also visible.

[0092] Reference is now made to Figure 13B, which is an elevational view of mailer system 101 illustrating another version / embodiment of the fourth step 2620' (see flow chart of Figure 26) of forming mailer system 101. Figure 13B is substantially similar to Figure 13A, and therefore only the differences between Figures 13A and 13B will be described herein.

[0093] In this Figure 13B, the cut lines 1015' are straight lines compared to the cut lines 1015 in Figure 13A, where the cut lines 1015 are curved lines. Thus, as one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate, each of the cut or perforation lines 1005, 1015, 1015', 1020 may have a different shape than that shown, and these different shapes are within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0094] The mailer system 101, 101' of Figures 13A, 13B is closed and can accept first class postage / stamp / postmark 1402, etc. (see Figure 14) in a fifth step 2625 of method 2600 (see Figure 26). Additionally, the mailer system 101, 101' can accept alphanumeric text and / or machine readable code providing the postal address 1404 (see Figure 14). In this fifth step 2625, the mailer system 101, 101' is "machine processed" and can be processed by drum 800 as illustrated in Figure 8. Thus, in this fifth step 2625 of method 2600, the mailer system 101, 101' can be flexible or bendable around drum 800 as illustrated in Figure 8 during automated sorting used by the USPS and other jurisdictions / entities.

[0095] Referring now to Figure 14, which is an elevational view of mailer system 101 illustrating a sixth step 2630 (see flow chart of Figure 26) of forming mailer system 101. Figure 14 is substantially similar to Figure 13A, and therefore only the differences between Figure 13A and Figure 14 will be described herein.

[0096] In this FIG. 14 and step 2630, the mailer system 101 is received by a consumer located at mailing address 1404, and the consumer is able to open the mailer system 101 by removing the two sections 202a, 202b along perforation lines 1005, 1020.

[0097] Referring now to Figure 15, which is an elevational view of mailer system 101 illustrating a seventh step 2635 (see flow chart of Figure 26) of forming mailer system 101. Figure 15 is substantially similar to Figure 14A, and therefore only the differences between Figure 15 and Figure 14 will be described here.

[0098] In comparison to FIG. 14, mailer system 101 in FIG. 15 has been rotated approximately ninety degrees (90°) clockwise. Third section 102a of tri-fold structure is in an "open" state by opening aperture 102a along curved cut line 1015 and unfolding folds along fold line 1022a. Inner third section 102a and inner second section 104a are visible in FIG. 15. Outer first section 106b is also visible in FIG. 15. As discussed above, container 105 is held to front surface 104a of section 104 by an adhesive, such as the gel glue discussed above.

[0099] Referring now to Figure 16, which is an elevational view of mailer system 101 illustrating an eighth step 2640 (see flow chart of Figure 26) of forming mailer system 101. Figure 16 is substantially similar to Figure 15, and therefore only the differences between Figure 16 and Figure 15 will be described here.

[0100] In this FIG. 16, third section 106a has been "opened" by unfolding that section 106a along fold line 1022b. All three tri-fold front sections 102a, 104a, and 106a are visible in FIG. 16. Aperture 107 in first tri-fold section 106a diametrically faces container 105 located in second tri-fold section 104a. Container 105 is now ready for removal from mailer system 101. Specifically, container 105 can be removed from mailer system 101 by using a peelable gel glue to pull it away from front surface 104a of section 104, and the glue typically remains on front surface 104a of section 104.

[0101] Referring now to Figure 17, which is an elevational view of mailer system 101 illustrating a ninth step 2645 (see flow chart of Figure 26) of forming mailer system 101. Figure 17 is substantially similar to Figure 16, and therefore only the differences between Figure 17 and Figure 16 will be described here.

[0102] In Figure 17, container 105 has been removed from second section 104a of folded mailer system 101. This is indicated by the dashed double-headed arrow shown in this figure. Container 105 can be opened to allow its fluid contents to be used.

[0103] Reference is now made to Figure 18A, which is an elevational view of mailer system 101 illustrating another version / embodiment of the seventh step 2635' (see flow chart of Figure 26) of forming mailer system 101. Figure 18A is substantially similar to Figure 13B, and therefore only the differences between Figure 18A and Figure 13B will be described herein.

[0104] 18A, a linear cut line or perforation 1015' is visible along which third section 102a is opened and folded along fold line 1022a. Only aperture 107 is shown, but aperture 107 surrounds container 105 (not shown). Sections 202a and 202b are removed along cut or perforation lines 1005, 1020.

[0105] Reference is now made to Figure 18B, which is an elevational view of mailer system 101 illustrating another version / embodiment of the seventh step 2635' (see flow chart of Figure 26) of forming mailer system 101. Figure 18B is substantially similar to Figure 18A, and therefore only the differences between Figures 18A and 18B will be described herein.

[0106] In this Figure 18B, two portions 202a, 202b (see Figure 18A) have been removed along cut lines or perforations 1005, 1020. As in Figures 18A and 13B, cut lines or perforations 1015' are visible and are linear compared to cut line 1015 in Figure 13A.

[0107] Figures 19-25 illustrate how a geometric planar sheet for mailer system 101, which is then folded, can be formed from one or more layers of material laminated together. In other words, as an example, Figure 19 illustrates how a single layer sheet (unfolded) 103 for mailer system 101 can be formed from a single layer of cardboard. Alternatively, multiple layers can be combined together to form a geometric planar sheet, which is then folded.

[0108] As an example, two layers are shown in each of Figures 20 and 21. Figures 20-21 illustrate the possibility that mailer system 101 (i.e., geometric planar sheet 103 before folding) may be formed from two layers of material for geometric planar sheet 103. Thus, in Figure 20, planar sheet 103 for mailer system 101 may be made from two layers, one made from cardboard and one made from a plastic film. And Figure 21 shows sheet 103 made from two layers of cardboard and varnish. The exact dimensions of these layers may not be to scale, but the relative thicknesses of the layers generally correspond to these figures.

[0109] In a multi-layered embodiment as illustrated in Figures 20-21, thin layers such as plastic film (Figure 20) and varnish layers (Figure 21) form the exterior sides (i.e., 102b, 104b, 106b - see Figure 3) of mailer system 101, and thicker layers (cardboard), after folding, form the interior sides (102a, 104a, 106a - see Figure 2) of mailer system 101. The layers may be designed to absorb liquids that may leak out of container 105 as described above.

[0110] In a multi-layered embodiment such as illustrated in Figures 22-23, thin layers such as plastic film (Figure 22) and varnish layer (Figure 23) may form the interior sides (102a, 104a, 106a - see Figure 2) of mailer system 101, while thicker layers (cardboard) may, after folding, form the outer layers (i.e., 102b, 104b, 106b - see Figure 3) of mailer system 101. As mentioned above, each layer may be designed to absorb liquids that may leak out of container 105 as described above.

[0111] Referring now to Figure 24, this shows a cross-section of a geometric planar sheet 103 made of three layers of cardboard, plastic film, and cardboard. Although exact dimensions are not shown in this Figure 24 (or in the other Figures 19-25 which show cross-sections), the proportions or relative thicknesses between the layers can be used to form the geometric planar sheet 103.

[0112] Referring now to Figure 25, this shows a cross-section of a geometric planar sheet 103 made from three layers: a single layer of varnish sandwiched between two cardboard layers. Other layers and other layer combinations suggested by Figures 20-25 are possible and are within the scope of this disclosure.

[0113] A preferred example embodiment is shown in Figure 21. In some embodiments (not shown) of Figure 21, certain areas of the mailer system 101 do not have varnish, and ink may be applied to the exterior sides of the folded mailer system 101 to allow mailing address information to be printed on the surface.

[0114] Referring now to Figure 26, this figure shows a flow chart of a method 2600 for forming a folded mailer system 101 corresponding to Figures 10-18B described above. Step 2605 is the first step of method 2600. In step 2605, the mailer system 101 of Figures 1-25 is formed with perforation lines 1005, 1015, 1020 and apertures 107 in one of the three sections 102, 104, 106 of the tri-fold system 101.

[0115] As one of ordinary skill in the art would understand, mailer system 101 can be configured to fold sheets in any number of creases as well as without creases. That is, system 101 can be configured as a bi-fold (two-fold) system 101. Alternatively, system 101 can be configured as a four-fold (four-fold) system. Also, as one of ordinary skill in the art would understand, system 101 can function without creases (one sheet - no creases).

[0116] In step 2605, perforation lines 1005, 1015, 1020 are formed in system 101, as shown in FIG. 10 above, to allow sections 202a-g to be subsequently removed. Any number of perforation lines 1005, 1015, 1020 may be formed to allow for opening of mailer system 101, as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Also, in step 2605, apertures 107 are formed in sections 106 of tri-fold system 101 to receive container 105. Depending on the number of folds that are used or not used, alternative exemplary embodiments within the scope of this disclosure may omit the step of forming apertures 107.

[0117] Thereafter, in a second step 2610 of Figure 26, the container 105 is formed and positioned in the middle section 104 of the tri-fold system 101 so as to align with the aperture 107 in the end section 106 of the tri-fold system, as shown in Figure 11. As mentioned above, it is recognized that the mailer system 101 may be formed with any number of folds or without folds as desired. Thus, this second step 2610 may be modified and / or omitted depending on the number of folds in the mailer system 101.

[0118] Next, in a third step 2615, as shown in FIGURE 12, the third section 106 of the tri-fold mailer system 101 is folded along fold line 1022b so that the aperture 107 is aligned with the outer periphery of the container 105. As mentioned above, the outer periphery of the aperture 107 is slightly larger than the outer periphery of the container 105 such that the aperture 107 receives the entire periphery of the container 105. FIGURE 12 illustrates this third step 2615 and how the third section is folded along fold line 1022b such that its back side 106b emerges and rests above the front side 104a of the second section 104.

[0119] Thereafter, in a fourth step 2620 of FIG. 26, the first section 102 of tri-fold mailer system 101 is folded along fold line 1022a to close tri-fold mailer system 101 as shown in FIGS. 12-13A / 13B. As noted above, FIG. 13A illustrates a first exemplary embodiment in which cut lines 1015 have a straight or linear geometry, while FIG. 13B illustrates a second exemplary embodiment in which cut lines 1015' have a curved geometry. This illustrates that the cut lines and / or fold lines can be formed in any number of geometries without departing from this disclosure.

[0120] Next, in step 2625 of Figure 26, tri-fold mailer system 101 can be automatically shipped / mailed / processed via the USPS using first class postage so that it is "machine processable" by the USPS. This step 2625 generally corresponds to Figure 8, which illustrates that mailer system 101 is flexible and can bend around drum 800 and belt 810 in an automated mailer system, as will be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0121] Sections 102, 104, 106 and container 105 of system 101 have a predetermined flexibility such that they can be folded around drum 800 as described above. Thus, in a fifth step 2625 of this method 2600, mailer systems 101, 101' can be folded or folded around drum 800 shown in FIG. 8 during automated sorting used by the USPS and other jurisdictions / entities.

[0122] Thereafter, in a sixth step 2630, the mailer system 101 is received by a consumer located at mailing address 1404 (see FIG. 14 ). The consumer can also open the mailer system 101 by removing the two sections 202a, 202b along perforations 1005, 1020, as shown in FIG.

[0123] Next, in a seventh step 2635, the third section 102a of the tri-fold structure is "opened" by opening the aperture 102a along the curved cut line 1015 and opening the fold along the fold line 1022a, as shown in Figure 15. The inner third section 102a and the inner second section 104a are visible in Figure 15. The outer first section 106b is also visible in Figure 15.

[0124] In an eighth step 2640, the third section 106a can be "opened" by unfolding that section 106a along fold line 1022b, as shown in FIG. 16. All three tri-fold front sections 102a, 104a, and 106a are visible in FIG. 16. The aperture 107 in the first tri-fold section 106a is in diametric opposition to the container 105 located in the second tri-fold section 104a. The container 105 is now ready to be removed from the mailer system 101 (and in particular the face of the front portion 104a of section 104).

[0125] Next, in a ninth step 2645, the container 105 can be removed from the second section 104a of the folded mailer system 101, as shown by the dashed double arrow in FIG. 17. Specifically, the container 105 can be removed from the mailer system 101 by pulling it away from the front surface 104a of the section 104 using a releasable gel glue, as described above. The glue then typically remains on the front surface 104a of the section 104. Once removed from the mailer system 101, the container 105 of FIG. 17 can be opened so that its contents can be used by the consumer. The method / process 2600 can be returned / repeated as necessary and as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0126] 27A, which shows a top view of container 105' according to an alternative exemplary embodiment of mailer system 101. As discussed above, container 105' has end portion 507. Container 105 further has bottom plate 511 to which end portion 507 is coupled. Bottom plate 511 further has edge 509. FIG. 27A also shows various exemplary dimensions in mm shown between double-headed arrows, similar to FIG. 5A. Other dimensions are possible and are within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0127] Referring now to Figure 27B, which shows a side view of the container shown in Figure 27A according to an alternative exemplary embodiment and corresponds to Figure 27A. According to this exemplary embodiment of Figures 27A and 27B, the distance between the end portion 507 and the edge 509 of the bottom plate 511 is about 11.5 mm. In comparison to the exemplary embodiment shown in Figures 5A-5B, in that embodiment, the distance between the end portion 507 and the edge 509 of the bottom plate 511 is about 5.5 mm.

[0128] Additionally, certain steps of the processes or process flows enabled by the mechanical drawings herein will, of course, precede other steps in order to function as described herein. However, the invention is not limited to the order of steps described, if such order or permutation does not change the functionality of the invention. That is, it is recognized that some steps may be performed before, after, or in parallel (substantially simultaneously) with other steps without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. In some cases, certain steps may be omitted or not performed, without departing from the invention.

[0129] Materials of the parts shown in some figures can include various types of polymers / plastics such as silicone, and compostable plant-based resin films. Plastics other than the plastics mentioned above can be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Additionally, other materials other than plastics are possible and within the scope of the present disclosure. Materials other than plastics include, but are not limited to, composite materials, and any combination thereof.

[0130] Although several embodiments have been described in detail above and illustrated in several figures, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that many variations from what has been described and illustrated may be made in the embodiments without substantially departing from the present disclosure, and therefore such variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

[0131] For example, although several mechanical structures are illustrated in Figures 1-25, these mechanical structures may be replaced / substituted with additional and / or fewer structures. Moreover, mechanical equivalents of any of the structures illustrated may be substituted for many of the structures illustrated in the several figures, as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Substitution of such mechanical equivalent structures is within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0132] Similarly, in the claims, means-plus-function clauses are directed to the structure described herein performing the recited function, and are directed to equivalent structures, not just structural equivalents. Thus, while nails and screws may not be structural equivalents because nails use cylindrical surfaces to fasten wooden parts while screws use helical surfaces, in the context of fastening wooden parts, nails and screws may be equivalent structures.

[0133] It is Applicant's express intent not to apply 35 U.S.C. §112(6) to any limitation of any claim in this application (or in any future cases), except where a claim expressly uses the word "means" with its associated function.

[0134] The following numbered clauses are also part of this disclosure and constitute part of the spirit and scope of the present invention: 1. A mailer system, comprising: a container for holding a liquid; a structure for holding the container as it is being shipped, the structure comprising at least two sections that fold together as the container is being shipped; wherein the container and the structure are machine processable in an automated mailer system. 2. A system as described in clause 1, wherein one section of the structure has an aperture for receiving a container. 3. The system of clause 1 or clause 2, wherein the structure comprises a third section that folds over the first section and the second section. 4. The system of any of clauses 1-3, wherein the structure includes a container and a tri-fold configuration when the structure is shipped. 5. A system as described in any of clauses 1 to 4, wherein each section has a removable portion which is removed after the container and structure have been shipped, allowing the container to be removed from the structure. 6. A system as described in any one of clauses 1 to 5, wherein the container has a fluid outlet. 7. The system of any one of clauses 1 to 6, wherein the container holds a fluid including at least one of a fragrance, a pheromone, a cosmetic, an insecticide, a parasiticide, and a medicine for treating an animal or a human: 8. The system of any one of clauses 1 to 7, wherein the container has a bottom plate. 9. The system of any of clauses 1-8, wherein the structure comprises a planar sheet. 10. The system of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the planar sheet comprises multiple layers. 11. A mailer system, comprising: A folded flat member; a container attached to the folded flat member to enclose the dosage form; wherein the mailer system is machine processable by an automated mailer system that uses at least one drum and bends the mailer system around the drum. 12. The system according to clause 11, wherein the dosage form comprises a topical composition for the treatment or prevention of ectoparasitic infections in animals. 13. The system of clause 11 or clause 12, wherein the ectoparasites include at least one of fleas, ticks, lice, and scabies. 14. The system of any of clauses 11 to 13, wherein the dosage form comprises at least one of a fragrance, a pheromone, a cosmetic, an insecticide, and a pharmaceutical. 15. The system of any one of clauses 11 to 14, wherein the folded planar member comprises multiple layers. 16. A system according to any one of clauses 11 to 15, wherein one layer comprises at least one of cardboard, varnish and plastic film. 17. A mailer system, comprising: A folded planar member; a container attached to the folded planar member and enclosing the dosage form; wherein the folded planar member further comprises an aperture for receiving a container, and wherein the mailer system is machine processable by an automated mailer system that uses at least one drum and bends the mailer system around the drum. 18. The system according to clause 17, wherein the dosage form comprises a topical composition for the treatment or prevention of ectoparasitic infections in animals. 19. The system of clause 17 or clause 18, wherein the ectoparasites include at least one of fleas, mites, lice, and scabies. 20. The system of any of clauses 17 to 19, wherein the dosage form comprises at least one of a fragrance, a pheromone, a cosmetic treatment, an insecticide, and a pharmaceutical.

[0135] While selected embodiments have been illustrated and described in detail, it will be understood that various substitutions and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as defined by the appended claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0136] 101 Mailer System Sections 102, 104, and 106

Claims

1. A mailer system, comprising: a container for holding a liquid; a structure for holding the container as it is shipped, the structure comprising at least two sections that fold together as the container is shipped; A mailer system, wherein the container and the structure are machine processable in an automated mailer system.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein a section of the structure has an aperture for receiving the container.

3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the structure comprises a third section that folds over the first section and the second section.

4. The system of claim 4 , wherein the structure includes a tri-fold configuration when the container and the structure are shipped.

5. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein each of the sections has a removable portion that is removed after the container and structure have been shipped, allowing the container to be removed from the structure.

6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the container has a fluid outlet.

7. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the container holds a fluid comprising at least one of a fragrance, a pheromone, a cosmetic, an insecticide, a parasiticide, and a medicine for treating an animal or a human.

8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the container has a bottom plate.

9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the structure comprises a planar sheet.

10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the planar sheet comprises multiple layers.

11. A mailer system, comprising: A folded planar member; a container attached to the folded planar member and enclosing a dosage form; wherein the mailer system is machine processable by an automated mailer system that uses at least one drum to bend the mailer system around the drum.

12. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the dosage form comprises a topical composition for the treatment or prevention of ectoparasitic infections in animals.

13. The system of claim 12 , wherein the ectoparasites include at least one of fleas, ticks, lice, and mange.

14. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the dosage form comprises at least one of a fragrance, a pheromone, a cosmetic, an insecticide, and a pharmaceutical.

15. The system of claim 11 , wherein the folded planar member comprises multiple layers.

16. 16. The system of claim 15, wherein one layer comprises at least one of cardboard, varnish, and plastic film.

17. A mailer system, comprising: A folded planar member; a container attached to the folded planar member to enclose a dosage form, The folded planar member further comprises an aperture for receiving the container, and the mailer system is machine-processable by an automated mailer system using at least one drum to bend the mailer system around the drum.

18. 20. The system of claim 17, wherein the dosage form comprises a topical composition for the treatment or prevention of ectoparasitic infections in animals.

19. 20. The system of claim 18, wherein the ectoparasites include at least one of fleas, ticks, lice, and mange.

20. 20. The system of claim 17, wherein the dosage form comprises at least one of a fragrance, a pheromone, a cosmetic treatment, an insecticide, and a pharmaceutical.

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