User Equipment (UE), Access Network Node, and Methods Thereby

Abstract

A method performed by a user equipment (UE) is disclosed. The method includes receiving, from an access network node, an indication for indicating at least one time resource out of a plurality of time resources to be used for full-duplex communication, determining, based on the indication, a resource within at least one time resource in which communication is not to be performed, and adjusting communication with the access network node based on the determination.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a communication system. The present disclosure has a particular, but not exclusive, relevance to wireless communication systems and devices operating in accordance with 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) (registered trademark) standards or their equivalent or derivative standards (including LTE Advanced, next generation or 5G networks, future generations, and beyond). The present disclosure has a particular, but not necessarily exclusive, relevance to improved apparatuses and methods for supporting full-duplex communication in a time division duplex (TDD) communication band.

Background Art

[0002] Recent developments in 3GPP standards are referred to as the Long Term Evolution (LTE) network of the Evolved Packet Core (EPC) and the Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN), and are also commonly referred to as "4G". Also, the terms "5G" and "new radio" (NR) refer to evolving communication technologies expected to support various applications and services. Various details of 5G networks are described in the "NGMN 5G White Paper" V1.0 by the Next Generation Mobile Networks (NGMN) Alliance, which can be obtained, for example, from https: / / www.ngmn.org / 5g-white-paper.html. 3GPP intends to support 5G with the so-called 3GPP Next Generation (NextGen) radio access network (RAN) and 3GPP next generation core network.

[0003] Under 3GPP specifications, a NodeB (or eNB in LTE, gNB in 5G) is a radio access network (RAN) node (or simply "access node" or "base station") for a communication device (user equipment, i.e., "UE") to connect to a core network and communicate with other communication devices or remote servers. For simplicity, this application uses the terms RAN node or base station to refer to any such access node.

[0004] In the current 5G architecture, for example, the gNB structure can be split into two parts known as a Central Unit (CU) and a Distributed Unit (DU), connected by an F1 interface. This enables the use of a "split" architecture, whereby typically the "upper" CU layer (e.g., but not necessarily or exclusively, PDCP) and typically the "lower" DU layer (e.g., but not necessarily or exclusively, RLC / MAC / PHY) are implemented separately. Thus, for example, the upper layer CU functions of some gNBs can be implemented centrally (e.g., by a single processing unit, or in a cloud-based or virtualized system) while locally holding the lower layer DU functions in each of the gNBs. For simplicity, this application uses the terms mobile device, user device, or UE to refer to any communication device that can connect to a core network via one or more base stations. This application may refer to mobile devices in the description, but it will be understood that the described technology can be implemented on any (mobile and / or generally fixed) communication device that can connect to a communication network to send and receive data, regardless of whether such a communication device is controlled by human input or software instructions stored in memory. So far, communication systems have used two core duplexing methods, namely, frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). In FDD, frequency domain resources are divided into downlink (DL) and uplink (UL), while in TDD, time domain resources are divided into DL and UL.

[0005] The appropriate duplexing method to be used in a given scenario is, with some overlap, generally spectrum-dependent. When low frequency bands are used for communication, paired spectrum UL and DL resource allocation is commonly used, and thus FDD is used. In contrast, in high frequency bands, unpaired spectrum, and thus the use of TDD, is becoming increasingly popular. Therefore, TDD is widely used in commercial NR deployments. Considering that the carrier frequencies supported by 5G and those supported by future communication generations (beyond 6G) are significantly higher compared to previous communication generations, improved techniques for the efficient use of unpaired spectrum are becoming increasingly important and will continue to be so in the future.

[0006] However, since there is a limit to the duration allocation for UL in TDD carriers, it may lead to coverage reduction, latency increase, and capacity reduction. Full duplex (FD) operation, which includes sharing both frequency domain and time domain resources between UL and DL within the bandwidth of a conventional TDD carrier, represents one way by which improvements over conventional TDD performance can potentially be achieved. Therefore, functional enhancements for implementing full duplex operation in the gNB within a TDD carrier are currently being developed. Currently, half duplex operation within the TDD carrier is still assumed for the UE, while full duplex UE operation remains an option for the future. However, the use of FD can potentially cause serious interference problems that are difficult to address in both the gNB and the UE.

[0007] For example, there are several possible FD implementation forms that can be implemented on a TDD carrier, including sub-band non-overlap, sub-band overlap, and full overlap.

[0008] Referring to FIGS. 1A to 1D, in sub-band non-overlap FD (which may also be called cross division duplex, XDD), non-overlapping UL, DL, and / or TDD-specific sub-bands can be configured (as seen in the general case illustrated in FIG. 1A). As seen in FIGS. 1A to 1D, each sub-band includes a respective relatively "narrow" frequency band that extends only a portion of the total available bandwidth within the current TDD carrier configured for communication in the associated cell. Thus, the gNB can perform simultaneous (full duplex) transmission and reception on different non-overlapping sub-bands for different UEs.

[0009] FIG. 1B shows a specific example where only one dedicated DL sub-band and one dedicated UL sub-band are configured in a TDD carrier. FIG. 1C shows an example where a dedicated UL sub-band is configured in the central part of the TDD carrier bandwidth so as to overlay (substantially replace) the central frequency region of the conventional TDD UL / DL configuration in order to reduce the impact of inter-operator interference (since another operator may continue to use conventional TDD without FD). FIG. 1C shows an example where a TDD sub-band is configured in the central part of the TDD carrier bandwidth so as to overlay (substantially replace) the central frequency region of the conventional TDD UL / DL configuration. The central TDD sub-band is intentionally configured in this example to have a UL / DL configuration that is complementary to the overlaid conventional TDD UL / DL configuration.

[0010] In sub-band overlap FD, the UL, DL, and TDD sub-bands may be configured in the same way as in sub-band non-overlap FD, but different sub-bands are allowed to have overlapping frequencies. In full-duplex FD, the entire available bandwidth can be used for UL transmission or DL transmission.

[0011] Currently, the development of techniques for implementing sub-band non-overlapping FD operation and potential related functional extensions for dynamic or flexible TDD is being focused on. However, other FD implementation forms remain as future options, and it will be understood that the functional extensions envisioned for sub-band non-overlapping FD may have advantages in other FD schemes.

[0012] Among the interference problems that need to be considered are base station-to-base station (e.g., between gNBs) cross link interference (CLI) and UE-to-UE (inter-UE) CLI. CLI between gNBs can be caused by, for example, adjacent channel CLI, co-channel CLI (or both), depending on the deployment scenario.

[0013] Inter-UE CLI can include, for example, CLI occurring between UEs within the same cell (intra-cell CLI) as a result of both DL transmission and UL transmission being able to be executed in parallel. In this scenario, interference from adjacent sub-bands used for UL transmission from another UE within the same cell can be observed by the UE in the DL. Such interference can occur, for example, due to non-linear distortion or frequency error (e.g., Doppler spread for DL reception). The interference is expected to be particularly evident for DL frequency resources close to UL resource elements (REs). This can be a serious problem when the DL reference signal (RS) reception (e.g., reception of Channel State Information RS (CSI-RS)), which can potentially reduce system efficiency, is interfered with.

[0014] In the case of sub-band non-overlapping FD operation, both in-band (intra-sub-band) CLI and inter-band (inter-sub-band) CLI can be particularly relevant. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0015] Therefore, it can be seen that in order to help enable efficient dynamic / flexible TDD in a communication network, there is a need for a functional extension to provide improved CLI processing between base stations and / or between UEs (of the same or different operators). Such a functional extension would ideally provide an appropriate balance of the general requirements of low latency, improved capacity, support for dynamic FD configuration changes, reduction / minimization of CLI, and support for interworking with legacy (e.g., legacy NR) UEs and base stations.

[0016] The present disclosure aims to provide an apparatus and method that at least partially address the above needs and / or problems.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0017] In one aspect, the present disclosure is a method performed by a User Equipment (UE), the method comprising receiving, from an access network node, first information indicating at least one of which time resources of a plurality of time resources are configured for uplink communication and which time resources of the plurality of time resources are configured for downlink communication, and second information for configuring communication in a plurality of time resources in a first frequency region; configuring, based on the second information, the bandwidth of the first frequency region to provide at least one frequency gap portion corresponding to a first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region and a second operating bandwidth of a corresponding second frequency region for a corresponding time resource of the plurality of time resources; and communicating with the access network node at a first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region for each of the plurality of time resources.

[0018] The second information may include information indicating at least one time resource among a plurality of time resources for which the first operating bandwidth in the first frequency region should be reduced. The second information may include information indicating at least one of that the first operating bandwidth of at least one time resource should be reduced from the high-frequency part of the first frequency region, that the first operating bandwidth of at least one time resource should be reduced from the low-frequency part of the first frequency region, or that the first operating bandwidth of at least one time resource should be reduced from both the high-frequency part and the low-frequency part of the first frequency region. The second information may identify at least one time resource among a plurality of time resources that should be used for full-duplex communication.

[0019] Configuring may include configuring a reduced bandwidth for at least one time resource indicated by the second information as being used for full-duplex communication, with respect to the first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region for at least one other time resource among the plurality of time resources. The second information may configure at least one time resource among a plurality of time resources for downlink communication, and when the first information indicates that at least one time resource configured by the second information for downlink communication is configured for uplink communication, configuring may include configuring a reduced bandwidth with respect to the first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region for at least one other time resource among the plurality of time resources.

[0020] The second information may configure at least one time resource among a plurality of time resources for uplink communication. When the first information indicates that at least one time resource among the plurality of time resources configured by the second information for uplink communication is configured for downlink communication, configuring may include configuring a reduced bandwidth with respect to the first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region for at least one other time resource among the plurality of time resources. The second information may configure at least one time resource among the plurality of time resources for downlink communication in the first frequency region and for uplink communication in a corresponding second frequency region. Configuring may include configuring at least one frequency gap portion corresponding to the first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region and the second operating bandwidth of the corresponding second frequency region for the corresponding time resource among the plurality of time resources configured for downlink communication in the first frequency region and for uplink communication in the corresponding second frequency region so as to provide the at least one frequency gap portion.

[0021] Configuring may be performed by reducing the first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region at both the high frequency edge and the low frequency edge of the first frequency region with respect to at least one time resource among the plurality of time resources.

[0022] The second information may indicate the size of at least one frequency gap portion to be provided by configuring the bandwidth, or the amount by which the first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region should be reduced. The second information may provide a resource allocation of the time resources among the plurality of time resources. Configuring may include configuring a reduced bandwidth for the time resources for which the resource allocation is provided according to the first information.

[0023] When the resource allocation is an uplink resource allocation and the first information indicates that the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided is configured for downlink communication, configuring may include configuring a reduced bandwidth for the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided, relative to the first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region for at least one other time resource among the plurality of time resources. When the resource allocation is a downlink resource allocation and the first information indicates that the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided is configured for uplink communication, configuring may include configuring a reduced bandwidth for the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided, relative to the first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region for at least one other time resource among the plurality of time resources.

[0024] When the first information does not indicate that the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided is configured for either downlink communication or uplink communication, configuring may include configuring a reduced bandwidth for the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided, relative to the first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region for at least one other time resource among the plurality of time resources.

[0025] The second information may include third information indicating a frequency configuration of the first frequency region to be applied to provide at least one frequency gap portion corresponding to the first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region and the second operating bandwidth of the corresponding second frequency region. The third information may indicate that a different frequency configuration should be applied to the time resources configured for downlink communication than to the time resources configured for uplink communication.

[0026] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a method performed by a User Equipment (UE), the method including: receiving, from an access network node, signaling including indication information for indicating at least one time resource among a plurality of time resources to be used for full-duplex communication; determining, based on the indication information, a resource within at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication, where at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed or at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not transmitted; and communicating with the access network node based on the determination.

[0027] The signaling may include information indicating at least one frequency gap portion to be applied to a frequency domain to be used for uplink communication and a frequency domain to be used for downlink communication. The signaling may include beam information indicating at least one beam where no uplink transmission is performed or at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not transmitted.

[0028] Determining may include determining, based on the indication information, a resource within at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication, where at least one quasi-static uplink transmission is not performed or at least one quasi-static downlink transmission is not transmitted. Determining may include determining, based on the indication information, a resource within at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication, where at least one dynamic uplink transmission is not performed or at least one dynamic downlink transmission is not transmitted.

[0029] The method may further include receiving quasi-static signaling configuration information for configuring quasi-static signaling, and determining is based on the quasi-static signaling configuration information that at least one dynamic uplink transmission is not performed during at least a part of at least one downlink quasi-static signaling opportunity that occurs within at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication, or that at least one dynamic downlink transmission is not performed during at least a part of at least one uplink quasi-static signaling opportunity that occurs within at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication.

[0030] The method may further include receiving, from an access network node, rate matching resource information indicating rate matching resources for which rate matching of dynamic uplink transmissions, or dynamic downlink transmissions, should be performed before and after that.

[0031] The method may further include receiving quasi-static signaling configuration information for configuring quasi-static signaling, and determining may include determining, based on the quasi-static signaling configuration information, that at least one dynamic uplink transmission is not performed during at least a part of at least one downlink quasi-static signaling opportunity that occurs within at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication, or that at least one dynamic downlink transmission is not performed during at least a part of at least one uplink quasi-static signaling opportunity that occurs within at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication.

[0032] The method may further include receiving, from an access network node, rate matching resource information indicating a rate matching resource for which rate matching for dynamic uplink transmission or dynamic downlink transmission should be performed before and after that. The rate matching resource information may indicate time resources to which a rate matching pattern should be applied. The rate matching resource information may identify different respective rate matching patterns for each of a plurality of Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) states or for each of a plurality of downlink beams. The rate matching resource information may indicate at least one downlink quasi-static signaling resource configuration for which uplink rate matching should be performed or at least one uplink quasi-static signaling resource configuration for which downlink rate matching should be performed.

[0033] Determining may include determining that at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed in time resources that should be used for full-duplex communication, or that at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not transmitted in time resources that should be used for full-duplex communication. The indication information may indicate that the time resources should be used for full-duplex communication by indicating that the time resources include information for both uplink and downlink.

[0034] The method may further include receiving, for a plurality of time resources, time resource configuration information indicating which of the plurality of time resources are configured for uplink communication and which of the plurality of time resources are configured for downlink communication.

[0035] The indication information can indicate that the time resource is an uplink time resource by indicating that the time resource should be used for full-duplex communication when it is shown that the time resource is configured for downlink communication by the time resource configuration information, or indicate that the time resource is a downlink time resource by indicating that the time resource is configured for uplink communication by the time resource configuration information when it is shown that the time resource is configured for uplink communication by the time resource configuration information.

[0036] Determining may include determining, based on the time resource configuration information, that at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed in at least one time resource that should be used for full-duplex communication unless the time resource configuration information indicates that the time resource is configured for uplink communication, or that at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not transmitted in at least one time resource that should be used for full-duplex communication unless the time resource configuration information indicates that the time resource is configured for downlink communication.

[0037] The signaling may include frequency domain information that identifies the frequency domain to be used for uplink communication and the frequency domain to be used for downlink communication. Determining may include determining, based on the frequency domain information, that at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed when the resource bandwidth for at least a part of at least one uplink transmission extends beyond the bandwidth of the frequency domain to be used for uplink communication, or that at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not transmitted when the resource bandwidth for at least a part of at least one uplink transmission extends beyond the bandwidth of the frequency domain to be used for downlink communication.

[0038] The method may further include receiving a plurality of different resource configurations for uplink communication, and when determining that at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed because the resource bandwidth for at least one uplink transmission extends beyond the bandwidth of the frequency region to be used for uplink communication, the determination may include determining a resource configuration among the plurality of different resource configurations within the bandwidth of the frequency region to be used for uplink communication for use in at least a part of at least one uplink transmission.

[0039] The signaling may include information indicating at least one frequency gap portion to be applied to the frequency region to be used for uplink communication and the frequency region to be used for downlink communication. The signaling may include beam information indicating at least one beam where no uplink transmission is performed or at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not transmitted. The determination may include determining, based on the beam information, that at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed if the UE is connected to the access network node via a beam where no uplink transmission is performed, or that at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not transmitted if the UE is connected to the access network node via a beam where no downlink transmission is transmitted. The determination may include determining, based on the priority of at least one uplink transmission, that at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed in time resources, or determining, based on the priority of at least a part of at least one downlink transmission, that at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not transmitted in time resources.

[0040] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a method performed by a User Equipment (UE), the method including: receiving, from an access network node, information for indicating a modification to at least one frequency resource allocation for quasi-static signaling to be applied in at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication, the at least one time resource being one of a plurality of time resources; and transmitting or receiving quasi-static signaling using the at least one frequency resource allocation modified by the modification in the at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication.

[0041] The information for indicating the modification may indicate at least one frequency resource allocation that allocates a frequency resource different from a frequency resource used for quasi-static signaling in at least one other time resource of the plurality of time resources.

[0042] The at least one frequency resource allocation may include a plurality of frequency regions, and the information for indicating the modification may indicate that at least one frequency region of the plurality of frequencies is to be activated or deactivated during the at least one time resource.

[0043] In one aspect, the present disclosure is a method performed by a User Equipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving, from an access network node, information for assisting in decoding the downlink information in a first portion of a first frequency region that is extended compared to a second portion of the first frequency region, wherein the first frequency region is configured for downlink communication in at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource, and the first portion of the first frequency region is closer in frequency to a second frequency region configured for uplink communication in at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource than the second portion of the first frequency region; and decoding the downlink communication in the first portion of the first frequency region and the second portion of the first frequency region, wherein the first portion of the first frequency region is decoded based on the information for assisting in the extended decoding of the downlink information.

[0044] The information for assisting in the extended decoding of the downlink information may include a coding rate to be used for downlink communication in the first portion of the first frequency region that is different from the coding rate to be used for downlink communication in the second portion of the first frequency region. The information for assisting in the extended decoding of the downlink information may include information for identifying an increased reference signal density in the first portion of the first frequency region compared to the second portion of the first frequency region. The information for assisting in the extended decoding of the downlink information may include information indicating to the UE that the possibility of degradation of the downlink signal is higher in the first portion of the first frequency region than in the second portion of the first frequency region.

[0045] Decoding downlink communication in the first portion of the first frequency region may include discarding contributions from resource elements based on information for assisting in extended decoding of downlink information. Decoding downlink communication in the first portion of the first frequency region may include extending channel estimation based on information for assisting in extended decoding of downlink information.

[0046] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a User Equipment (UE) comprising means for receiving from an access network node first information indicating at least one of which of a plurality of time resources is configured for uplink communication and which of the plurality of time resources is configured for downlink communication for the plurality of time resources, and second information for configuring communication in the plurality of time resources of the first frequency region; means for configuring, based on the second information, the bandwidth of the first frequency region to provide at least one frequency gap portion corresponding to a first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region and a second operating bandwidth of a corresponding second frequency region for a corresponding one of the plurality of time resources; and means for communicating with the access network node with the first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region for each of the plurality of time resources.

[0047] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a User Equipment (UE) comprising means for receiving signaling from an access network node that includes indication information for indicating at least one of the plurality of time resources to be used for full-duplex communication; means for determining, based on the indication information, resources within at least one of the at least one time resources to be used for full-duplex communication in which at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed or at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not transmitted; and means for communicating with the access network node based on the determination.

[0048] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a User Equipment (UE) comprising means for receiving, from an access network node, information for indicating a modification to at least one frequency resource allocation for quasi-static signaling to be applied in at least one time resource out of a plurality of time resources to be used for full-duplex communication; and means for transmitting or receiving quasi-static signaling using at least one frequency resource allocation modified by the modification in at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication.

[0049] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a User Equipment (UE) comprising means for receiving, from an access network node, information for assisting decoding of downlink information in a first portion of a first frequency region that is extended compared to a second portion of the first frequency region, wherein the first frequency region is configured for downlink communication in at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource, a first portion of the first frequency region is closer in frequency to a second frequency region configured for uplink communication in at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource than a second portion of the first frequency region; and means for decoding downlink communication in the first portion of the first frequency region and the second portion of the first frequency region, wherein the first portion of the first frequency region is decoded based on information for assisting decoding of the extended downlink information.

[0050] In one aspect, the present disclosure is a method performed by an access network node, the method comprising: transmitting to a user equipment (UE), for a plurality of time resources, first information indicating at least one of which time resources of the plurality of time resources is configured for uplink communication and which time resources of the plurality of time resources is configured for downlink communication; and second information for configuring communication in the plurality of time resources in a first frequency domain, the second information including information for application in the UE to configure, based on the second information, the bandwidth of the first frequency domain to provide at least one frequency gap portion corresponding to a first operating bandwidth of the first frequency domain and a second operating bandwidth of a corresponding second frequency domain for a corresponding time resource of the plurality of time resources; and communicating with the UE at a first operating bandwidth of the first frequency domain for each of the plurality of time resources.

[0051] In one aspect, the present disclosure is a method performed by an access network node, the method comprising: transmitting signaling to a user equipment (UE) that includes indication information for indicating at least one time resource of a plurality of time resources to be used for full-duplex communication, the full-duplex indication information including information for application in the UE to determine, based on the indication information, resources within at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication in which at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed or at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not transmitted; and communicating with the UE based on the full-duplex indication information.

[0052] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a method performed by an access network node, the method comprising: transmitting to a user equipment (UE), information indicating a modification to at least one frequency resource allocation for quasi-static signaling to be applied in at least one time resource out of a plurality of time resources to be used for full-duplex communication; and transmitting or receiving quasi-static signaling using the at least one frequency resource allocation modified by the modification in at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication.

[0053] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a method performed by an access network node, the method comprising: transmitting to a user equipment (UE), information for assisting in decoding downlink information in a first portion of a first frequency region that is extended as compared to a second portion of the first frequency region, wherein the first frequency region is configured for downlink communication in at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource, a first portion of the first frequency region is closer in frequency to a second frequency region configured for uplink communication in at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource than a second portion of the first frequency region, full-duplex indication information includes information for application at the UE for decoding downlink communication in the first portion of the first frequency region and the second portion of the first frequency region, and the first portion of the first frequency region is decoded based on the information for assisting in decoding the extended downlink information.

[0054] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides means for transmitting to a User Equipment (UE), for a plurality of time resources, first information indicating at least one of which time resources of the plurality of time resources is configured for uplink communication and which time resources of the plurality of time resources is configured for downlink communication, and second information for configuring communication in the plurality of time resources in a first frequency region, wherein the second information is information for application in the UE to configure, based on the second information, the bandwidth of the first frequency region to provide at least one frequency gap portion corresponding to a first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region and a second operating bandwidth of a corresponding second frequency region for a corresponding time resource of the plurality of time resources, and means for communicating with the UE at the first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region for each of the plurality of time resources, and provides an access network node comprising the means.

[0055] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides means for transmitting signaling to a User Equipment (UE) that includes full-duplex indication information for indicating at least one time resource of a plurality of time resources to be used for full-duplex communication, wherein the full-duplex indication information is information for application in the UE to determine, based on the full-duplex indication information, resources within at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication in which at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed or at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not transmitted, and means for communicating with the UE based on the full-duplex indication information, and provides an access network node comprising the means.

[0056] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides an access network node comprising means for transmitting to a User Equipment (UE) information for indicating a modification to at least one frequency resource allocation to be applied in at least one time resource of a plurality of time resources, which should be used for full-duplex communication, for quasi-static signaling; and means for transmitting or receiving quasi-static signaling using at least one frequency resource allocation modified by the modification in at least one time resource which should be used for full-duplex communication.

[0057] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides an access network node comprising means for transmitting to a User Equipment (UE) information for assisting in decoding downlink information in a first portion of a first frequency region, which is extended compared to a second portion of the first frequency region, wherein the first frequency region is configured for downlink communication in at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource, a first portion of the first frequency region is configured for uplink communication in at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource closer in frequency to a second frequency region configured for uplink communication in at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource than the second portion of the first frequency region, full-duplex indication information includes information for the UE to apply for decoding downlink communication in the first portion and the second portion of the first frequency region, and the first portion of the first frequency region is decoded based on the information for assisting in the extended decoding of the downlink information.

[0058] The communication system related to this application is described in the context of full-duplex function expansion on the base station side, half-duplex operation on the UE side, and no restrictions on the frequency range. However, it should be understood that the described function expansion may also be beneficial in other communication systems. For example, a communication system in which the UE can perform full-duplex operation and / or there are restrictions on the frequency range that can be used.

[0059] Here, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawings

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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0061] Overview Here, by way of example only, an exemplary telecommunications system will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 9. FIGS. 1A to 1D schematically illustrate a mobile (“cellular” or “wireless”) telecommunications system 1 to which embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable.

[0062] In Network 1, user equipment (UE) 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 (e.g., mobile phones and / or other mobile devices) can communicate with each other via a Radio Access Network (RAN) node 5 that operates according to one or more compatible Radio Access Technologies (RATs). In the illustrated example, RAN node 5 comprises an NR / 5G base station or “gNB” 5 that operates one or more associated cells 9. Communication via base station 5 is typically routed through a core network 7 (e.g., a 5G core network or an Evolved Packet Core Network (EPC)).

[0063] As will be understood by those skilled in the art, FIGS. 1A through 1D illustrate three UEs 3 and one base station 5 for illustrative purposes, but the system will typically include other base stations and UEs when implemented.

[0064] Each base station 5 controls (either directly or, optionally, indirectly via other nodes such as home base stations, relays, remote radio heads, distributed units, etc.) the associated cell(s) 9. It will be understood that base station 5 can be configured to support both 4G and 5G, and / or any other 3GPP or non-3GPP communication protocol.

[0065] UEs 3 and their serving base stations 5 are connected via an appropriate air interface (e.g., a so-called “Uu” interface). Adjacent base stations 5 can be connected to each other via an appropriate inter-base station interface (e.g., a so-called “X2” interface, “Xn” interface, etc.).

[0066] The core network 7 includes several logical nodes (or "functions") to support communication in the telecommunications system 1. In this example, the core network 7 comprises a control plane function (CPF) 10 and one or more user plane functions (UPF) 11. The CPF 10 includes one or more Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 10-1, one or more Session Management Function (SMF), and several other functions 10-n.

[0067] The base station 5 is connected to the core network nodes via appropriate interfaces (or "reference points") such as the N2 reference point for control signaling communication between the base station 5 and the AMF 10-1, and the N3 reference point for user data communication between the base station 5 and each UPF 11. The UE 3 is each connected to the AMF 10-1 via a logical non-access stratum (NAS) connection on the N1 reference point (similar to the S1 reference point in LTE). It will be understood that the N1 communication is transparently routed via the base station 5.

[0068] (One or more) UPF 11 is connected to an external data network (e.g., an IP network such as the Internet) via the reference point N6 for user data communication.

[0069] The AMF 10-1 performs mobility management related functions, maintains non-NAS signaling connections with each UE 3, and manages UE registration. The AMF 10-1 also takes on the role of managing paging. The SMF 10-2 provides a session management function (which formed part of the MME function in LTE), and also incorporates several control plane functions (provided by the serving gateway and packet data network gateway in LTE). The SMF 10-2 also assigns IP addresses to each UE 3.

[0070] The base station 5 of the communication system 1 is configured to operate at least one cell 9 on an associated TDD carrier operating in unpaired spectrum. It will be understood that the base station 5 may also operate at least one cell 9 on an associated FDD carrier operating in paired spectrum.

[0071] Referring to FIG. 3 which illustrates a typical frame structure that can be used in the telecommunication system 1, the base station 5 and the UE 3 of the telecommunication system 1 communicate with each other using resources organized into frames of length 10 ms in the time domain. Each frame includes 10 equal-sized subframes of length 1 ms. Each subframe is divided into one or more slots comprising 14 orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols of equal length.

[0072] As seen in FIG. 3, the communication system 1 supports multiple different numerologies (subcarrier spacing (SCS), slot length, and thus OFDM symbol length). Specifically, each numerology is identified by a parameter μ, where μ = 0 represents 15 kHz (corresponding to LTE SCS). Currently, SCSs for other values of μ can actually be derived from μ = 0 by scaling up by a power of 2 (i.e., SCS = 15 × 2 μ kHz). The relationship between the parameter μ and SCS (Δf) is as shown in Table 1.

Table 1

[0073] Slot configuration Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, the base station 5 appropriately configures the slot usage within each cell 9 operating on the TDD carrier.

[0074] As seen in FIG. 4, which is a simplified sequence diagram illustrating different slot configuration procedures (S410, S414, S418) that can be used in communication system 1, base station 5 can use different procedures to configure the slot usage in each cell 9 operating on a TDD carrier.

[0075] As seen in procedure S410, for example, base station 5 of communication system 1 is configured to provide a respective common (or "cell-specific") slot configuration for each cell 9 operating on a TDD carrier. This common slot configuration can be provided to all UEs 3 within the cell using system information (as illustrated in S410a), for example, in the tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationCommon information element (IE) of system information block type 1 (SIB1). This common slot configuration can also be provided to a specific UE 3 within the cell using dedicated (e.g., radio resource control (RRC)) signaling (as illustrated in S410b), for example, in the tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationCommon IE of an RRC message such as an RRC reconfiguration message. Thus, upon receiving the common slot configuration, UE 3 can set a common slot format configuration slot-by-slot over several slots (as seen in S412).

[0076] As seen in FIG. 5, which shows an example of a slot configuration configured by the procedure of FIG. 4, slots can be configured as downlink-only slots, uplink-only slots, or unallocated or "flexible" slots (which can be either downlink or uplink).

[0077] The common slot configuration is defined by several parameters provided by the base station 5 as part of the common UL / DL configuration. These parameters include the slot configuration period (e.g., configured by the dl-UL-TransmissionPeriodicity IE), the number of slots with only downlink symbols (e.g., configured by the nrofDownlinkSlots IE), the number of downlink symbols (e.g., configured by the nrofDownlinkSymbols IE), the number of slots with only uplink symbols (e.g., configured by the nrofUplinkSlots IE), and the number of uplink symbols (e.g., configured by the nrofUplinkSymbols IE). As seen in Figure 5, these effectively constitute a repeating pattern of slot types (repeating over the slot configuration period), which in this example includes slots and symbols with only DL, followed by flexible slots and symbols, followed by slots and symbols with only UL. The repeating pattern starts with a DL group that includes a defined number of slots with only DL, followed by a defined number of symbols with only DL in the next slot. The repeating pattern ends with a UL group that includes a defined number of slots with only UL preceded by a defined number of symbols with only UL in the preceding slot. Flexible symbols and slots are between the DL group of slots and symbols with only DL and the UL group of slots and symbols with only UL.

[0078] As seen in step S414, the base station 5 of the communication system 1 is also configured to provide a dedicated (or "UE-specific") slot configuration for a particular UE3, if necessary. This dedicated slot configuration can be provided to a particular UE3 within the cell using dedicated (e.g., radio resource control (RRC)) signaling (as illustrated in S415), e.g., in the tdd-UL-DL-ConfigurationDedicated IE of an RRC message such as an RRC reconfiguration message.

[0079] When UE3 provides a dedicated slot configuration in addition to the common slot configuration, the dedicated slot configuration overrides, slot by slot, only the flexible symbols and the symbols and slots configured as slots, across the number of slots configured by the common slot configuration (as seen in the example of FIG. 5).

[0080] The dedicated configuration, when provided, includes individual (one or more) slot-specific configurations (e.g., using the slotSpecificConfigurationsToAddModList IE), and each slot configuration includes information (e.g., the slotindex IE) to identify a specific slot within the slot configuration period defined by the common slot configuration, and information (e.g., the symbols IE) to define the symbol structure. The information to define the symbol structure provides the direction (downlink or uplink) of the symbols within the specific slot being configured. The information to define the symbol structure may indicate, for example, that all symbols within a specific slot are used for downlink (e.g., by setting the symbols IE to "allDownlink"), or that all symbols within a specific slot are used for uplink (e.g., by setting the symbols IE to "allUplink"), or may explicitly indicate how many symbols at the beginning and end of a specific slot are allocated to downlink and uplink, respectively (e.g., the nrofDownlinkSymbols IE may indicate the number of consecutive downlink symbols at the beginning of the slot identified by the slot index, and the nrofUplinkSymbols IE may indicate the number of consecutive uplink symbols at the end of the slot identified by the slot index).

[0081] Thus, UE3 can set a dedicated slot format configuration slot by slot across several slots (as seen in S416). Therefore, UE3 treats the symbols within the slot indicated as downlink by the common slot configuration or dedicated slot configuration as receivable. Similarly, UE3 treats the symbols within the slot indicated as uplink by the common slot configuration or dedicated slot configuration as possible.

[0082] Even after the slot configuration in the cell-specific and UE-specific methods described above, there may still be some unallocated flexible slots / symbols left in the slot configuration. By utilizing layer 1 signaling, the remaining flexible symbols can be dynamically reconfigured (if any).

[0083] As seen in procedure S418, for example, the base station 5 of the communication system 1 is also configured to provide one or more dynamic slot configurations to one or more groups of UE3 by means of the PDCCH (physical downlink control channel). The (one or more) dynamic slot configurations can be provided to a specific group of one or more UE3 within cell 9 using downlink control information with an appropriate DCI format (e.g., DCI format 2_0) as illustrated in S419.

[0084] The index of one or more SFIs (slot format indicators) is provided within the payload of the DCI for one or more groups of UEs 3. To enable the DCI to be addressed to and decoded by the (one or more) UEs 3 of the group, the CRC (cyclic redundancy check) bits of the DCI are scrambled with an associated RNTI (radio network temporary identifier), e.g., "SFI-RNTI", and the same RNTI is assigned to the (one or more) UEs within the group. Each UE 3 of the group is configured to extract its own SFI index based on the position of the SFI index within the DCI payload (this position may be configured, for example, by UE-specific RRC signaling). The RRC configuration may be, for example, by an RRC message carrying a PDCCH serving cell configuration IE having a slot format indicator (SFI) IE that provides an SFI-RNTI for a particular serving cell identified by (e.g., by the servingCellId IE), defines one or more slot format combinations (e.g., by the slotFormatCombinations IE), and specifies (e.g., by the positionInDCI IE) the start position (bits) in the DCI of the SFI index applicable to the configured UEs.

[0085] Each SFI index provided by the DCI functions as a pointer indicating a combination of slot formats for defining the slot format of each slot starting from the slot in which the UE detects the dynamic slot configuration DCI format (each slot format corresponding to a combination of downlink symbols, uplink symbols, and / or flexible symbols respectively).

[0086] Therefore, for any slot indicated to the UE as being flexible by both the common slot configuration and the dedicated slot configuration, DCI can be used to dynamically configure the downlink symbols, uplink symbols, and / or flexible symbols within that slot (as seen in the example of FIG. 5).

[0087] Therefore, UE3 can set a dynamic slot format configuration slot-by-slot over several slots (as seen in S420).

[0088] Generally, for the symbol set of a slot indicated to UE3 as being flexible by the common slot configuration and the dedicated slot configuration (if provided), when the UE detects a DCI format for dynamically configuring the format of that slot, · If the SFI index field value in the received DCI indicates that the symbol set of the slot is flexible and the UE does not detect a DCI format that indicates to the UE to receive a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) or CSI-RS, or if the UE does not detect a DCI format, random access response (RAR) UL grant, fallback RAR UL grant, or successful RAR indication that indicates to the UE to transmit a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), physical random access channel (PRACH), or one or more sounding reference signals (SRS) within the symbol set of the slot, then the UE does not transmit or receive within the symbol set of the slot. · If the UE is configured by a higher layer to receive PDSCH or CSI-RS within the symbol set of a slot, the UE shall receive PDSCH or CSI-RS within the symbol set of the slot only if the SFI index field value in the received DCI indicates the symbol set of the slot as downlink. · If the UE is configured by a higher layer to receive PUCCH, PUSCH or PRACH within the symbol set of a slot, the UE shall transmit PUCCH, or PUSCH, or PRACH within the slot only if the SFI index field value in the received DCI indicates the symbol set of the slot as uplink.

[0089] Generally, if UE3 is not configured to monitor PDCCH for a DCI format for dynamically configuring slot formats, for the symbol sets of the slots indicated as flexible by the common slot configuration and dedicated slot configuration (if provided), · If the UE receives a corresponding indication by a DCI format, the UE shall receive PDSCH or CSI-RS within the symbol set of the slot. · If the UE receives a corresponding indication by a DCI format, RAR UL grant, fallback RAR UL grant, or successful RAR indication, the UE shall transmit PUSCH, PUCCH, PRACH, or SRS within the symbol set of the slot. · If the symbol is flexible and the UE is configured to transmit SRS, PUCCH, PUSCH, or PRACH on the symbol, the symbol shall be configured as uplink. · If the symbol is flexible and the UE is configured to receive PDCCH, PDSCH, or CSI-RS on the symbol, the symbol shall be configured as downlink.

[0090] Therefore, it can be seen that a cell-specific, UE-dedicated dynamic method is provided for TDD frame structure signaling. Therefore, full duplex can potentially be achieved by signaling different TDD frame structures (slot configurations) for different UEs. However, simply signaling different TDD frame structures in this way means that the differences between UEs are not visible to individual UEs, and each UE effectively assumes that the entire cell bandwidth is available for DL or UL physical layer procedures (but not both simultaneously).

[0091] It can also be seen that the interpretation of flexible slots by a UE conventionally depends on whether the UE is configured by RRC to receive DCI with a dynamic slot configuration DCI format. If the dynamic slot configuration DCI format is not configured for a UE, that UE (in the absence of a reverse configuration) assumes that the configured DL and UL transmissions are still valid on the flexible slot. Otherwise, the UE can start UL and DL on the flexible slot only when indicated by DCI.

[0092] Bandwidth Part (BWP) In communication system 1, the cell bandwidth can be divided into a plurality of bandwidth parts (BWPs), each starting with a respective common resource block (RB) and each including a set of consecutive RBs having a given numerology (sub-carrier spacing, "SCS" and cyclic prefix, "CP") on a given carrier. Conventionally, it will be understood that the number of downlink symbols, uplink symbols, and flexible symbols within each slot of a (e.g., common or dedicated) slot configuration is common to each configured BWP.

[0093] Therefore, UE3 and base station 5 of communication system 1 are configured to operate using BWPs. The base station 5 can configure at least one downlink (DL) BWP (e.g., initial DL BWP) for each serving cell of UE3. The base station 5 can configure UE3 using up to the maximum number (usually 4) of DL BWPs where only a single DL BWP is active at a given time. UE3 is not expected to receive PDSCH, PDCCH, or CSI-RS (except for radio resource management (RRM)) outside the active bandwidth part. When the serving cell is configured for the uplink (UL), the base station 5 can configure at least one UL BWP (e.g., initial UL BWP). The base station 5 can configure UE3 using up to the maximum number (usually 4) of UL BWPs where only one UL BWP is active at a given time. UE3 does not transmit PUSCH or PUCCH outside the active bandwidth part. In an active cell, UE3 does not transmit SRS outside the active bandwidth part. It will be understood that the slot format indicator of the dynamic slot configuration DCI format (e.g., SFI index field value) can indicate to UE3 the slot format of each slot within some slots of each DL BWP or each UL BWP.

[0094] The BWP identifier or index (BWP-ID) is used to reference the BWP (independently for UL and DL). Thus, various radio resource control (RRC) configuration procedures can use the BWP-ID to associate those procedures with a specific BWP.

[0095] For paired spectrum (FDD), the DL BWP and UL BWP are configured separately, but for unpaired spectrum (TDD), the DL BWP is effectively linked to (paired with) the UL BWP, and the paired DL BWP and UL BWP share the same BWP-ID and center frequency (although possibly different bandwidths in some cases).

[0096] Specifically, the base station 5 can configure the initial DL BWP (e.g., by the initialDownlinkBWP IE), via system information (e.g., system information block 1, "SIB1"), and / or via dedicated (e.g., RRC) signaling (e.g., RRC reconfiguration, RRC resume, or RRC setup message). For example, the common parameters of the initial DL BWP can be provided via system information, while UE-specific parameters can be provided via dedicated signaling (e.g., in the ServingCellConfig IE in an RRC message including a dedicated UE-specific BWP configuration). The dedicated signaling may also include some cell-specific information that may be useful for certain scenarios (e.g., handover).

[0097] The base station 5 can configure the initial UL BWP (e.g., by the initialUplinkBWP IE), via system information (e.g., system information block 1, "SIB1"), and / or via dedicated (e.g., RRC) signaling (e.g., RRC reconfiguration, RRC resume, or RRC setup message). For example, the common parameters of the (one or more) initial UL BWP can be provided via system information, while UE-specific parameters can be provided via dedicated signaling (e.g., in the ServingCellConfig IE in an RRC message including a dedicated UE-specific BWP configuration). This provides the configuration information for either the so-called SpCell (special cell), which is the PCell of the master cell group (MCG) or secondary cell group (SCG), or a secondary cell (SCell).

[0098] The initial DL BWP and UL BWP are used for at least the initial access before the RRC connection is established. Since the initial BWP has a BWP identifier (or "index") of 0, it is known as BWP#0. Before receiving the system information that defines the UE's initial DL BWP, the DL BWP of each UE3 has a frequency range and numerology corresponding to a control resource set (CORESET), e.g., CORESET#0, which is defined by the master information block (MIB) (or in some cases dedicated RRC signaling). The CORESET is used to carry downlink control information (DCI) transmitted via the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) to schedule system information blocks.

[0099] After receiving the system information (e.g., SIB1), UE3 configures the initial DL BWP and the initial UL BWP using the BWP configuration defined by that system information. Then, the configured initial UL BWP is used to initiate the random access procedure for setting up the RRC connection. The base station 5 configures the frequency domain position and bandwidth of the initial DL BWP in the system information such that the initial DL BWP includes the entire CORESET#0 in the frequency domain.

[0100] For each DL BWP within the DL BWP set for the primary cell, UE3 can be configured using the CORESETs of any type of common search space (CSS) set and UE-specific search space (USS) set. For each UL BWP within the UL BWP set of the primary cell or PUCCH secondary cell, a resource set for PUCCH transmission is configured for UE3.

[0101] UE3 is configured to switch its active BWP between the configured BWPs as needed. For example, the switching in UE3 can be initiated by receiving scheduling DCI, by expiration of an inactivity timer (e.g., BWPInactivityTimer), and / or by initiation of a random access procedure.

[0102] Full-duplex achievement Beneficially, UE3 and base station 5 of communication system 1 are configured to provide full duplex (FD) communication on a TDD carrier. Specifically, UE3 and base station 5 of communication system 1 are configured to facilitate sub-band non-overlapping FD communication.

[0103] Referring to FIGS. 6 to 9, UE3 and base station 5 of communication system 1 are configured to provide support for at least one of two different possible sub-band non-overlapping FD modes, namely full duplex between BWPs and full duplex within a BWP.

[0104] It should be understood that the described full duplex between BWPs and full duplex within a BWP FD modes are not mutually exclusive and either can be used by the same base station 5 and / or UE3 depending on the situation.

[0105] Full duplex between BWPs Specifically referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, full duplex between BWPs includes parallel UL and DL transmissions in different BWPs.

[0106] As seen in FIG. 6, which is a simplified sequence diagram illustrating a full-duplex configuration method in communication system 1, base station 5 configures (at S610) the UE3 served by the base station with an initial BWP. This initial BWP can generally be configured with a cell-specific slot configuration (e.g., by system information) and / or a dedicated slot configuration (e.g., by RRC signaling) as described above.

[0107] The base station 5 also configures each UE3 with up to four BWPs (in S612-1 and S612-2), and at least one of them has a related BWP-specific slot configuration (e.g., by RRC signaling).

[0108] As can be seen in FIG. 7, which is a simplified time-frequency diagram showing an example of a full-duplex configuration according to the method of FIG. 6, different BWP-specific slot configurations enable a slot in one BWP to be configured as an uplink slot, while the corresponding (i.e., having the same timing) slot in another BWP is configured as a downlink slot (or vice versa). Thus, the UL from one UE3 in one BWP can be performed in parallel with the DL communication to another UE3 in another BWP. Although not specifically illustrated, it will be understood that the parallel UL / DL communication can be configured at the symbol level as well as at the slot level. Further, one or more flexible slots / symbols can be configured in one BWP while the same slots / symbols are configured as UL or DL slots / symbols in another BWP.

[0109] Thus, different BWPs can be activated with different UEs (as seen in S614-1 and S614-2 of FIG. 6). Thus, the base station 5 can perform sub-band non-overlapping FD communication (in S616), while half-duplex communication is performed at the UE3. The base station 5 is shown to activate different BWPs at the UE3 by appropriate signaling (such as scheduling DCI, etc.), but it will be understood that each BWP in each UE3 can be activated (switched) via any appropriate mechanism (e.g., at the expiration of a BWP inactivity timer or at the start of a random access procedure).

[0110] Advantageously, the communication system 1 implements one or more possible interference mitigation / avoidance mechanisms (as will be described in more detail later) to improve the interference problems that may otherwise occur as a result of implementing the BWP-interleaved FD scheme as described.

[0111] Advantageously, in this FD scheme, since each UE is associated with a single BWP at a time, the impact on UE3 is minimized. Furthermore, this full-duplex between BWPs advantageously provides a relatively simple separation of interference between adjacent BWPs by using guard resources and, if necessary, by using one or more of the possible interference mitigation / avoidance mechanisms to be described in more detail later.

[0112] However, this FD scheme requires frequency division (due to different BWPs) to enable full utilization of full-duplex, and in order to fully utilize the full-duplex function, the base station 5 may need to frequently switch the BWP of the UE. For example, if a first UE3 is in BWP1, DL transmission is currently being performed in BWP1 for a second UE3, and UL transmission needs to be quickly performed by the first UE, the base station 5 may need to schedule UL transmission in another BWP involving the switching of the first UE3 to that BWP. Furthermore, the extension to future sub-band overlapping full-duplex (if necessary) requires different solutions because the BWPs are essentially non-overlapping.

[0113] Potential interference scenarios taken into account by possible interference mitigation / avoidance mechanisms to be described in more detail later include, for example, the possibility that a UE receiving DL transmission is interfered with by a UE scheduled for UL in the same slot of an adjacent BWP (in frequency), and the possibility that the UL reception of the base station is impaired as a result of DL transmission from the same base station in an adjacent BWP (in frequency).

[0114] Among the possible interference mitigation / avoidance mechanisms to be described in more detail later, those particularly applicable to FD between BWPs (sub-band non-overlapping) include, at least, a mechanism for implementing a frequency gap (or "guard band") between adjacent BWPs for slots configured (configured as FD slots) for UL communication in one of the adjacent BWPs and DL communication in another of the adjacent BWPs.

[0115] Full-duplex within BWP Referring specifically to FIGS. 8 and 9, full-duplex between BWPs includes parallel UL and DL transmissions in different BWPs.

[0116] As seen in FIG. 8, which is a simplified sequence diagram illustrating a full-duplex configuration method in communication system 1, base station 5 configures UE3 served by the base station in an initial BWP (at S810). This initial BWP can generally be configured with a cell-specific slot configuration (e.g., by system information) and / or a dedicated slot configuration (e.g., by RRC signaling) as described above.

[0117] Base station 5 also configures each UE3 with up to four BWPs (at S812-1 and S812-2), at least one of which has a related UE-specific slot configuration (e.g., by RRC signaling). In this way, UEs using the same BWP can have different UL / DL slot configurations.

[0118] For example, as seen in FIG. 9, which is a simplified time-frequency diagram showing an example of a full-duplex configuration according to the method of FIG. 8, different UE-specific slot configurations can be used to configure a slot as an uplink slot for one UE while configuring the same slot within the same BWP as a downlink slot for another UE (or vice versa), thereby effectively configuring a specific BWP slot as an FD slot. Thus, UL communication from a certain UE3 in that BWP can be performed in parallel with DL communication to another UE3 in the same BWP. Although not specifically illustrated, it will be understood that parallel UL / DL communication can be configured at the symbol level as well as at the slot level.

[0119] As illustrated in FIG. 9, the base station 5 schedules the frequency resources of any slot configured as an FD slot within a specific BWP, such that the frequency resources scheduled for UL communication by a certain UE are part of a sub-band of a different BWP from the frequency resources scheduled for DL communication to another UE. It should also be understood that the base station 5 is configured to ensure this.

[0120] Therefore, the same BWP can be activated in different UEs (as seen in S814-1 and S814-2 of FIG. 8). Thus, the base station 5 can perform sub-band non-overlapping FD communication (at S816), and half-duplex communication is performed at UE3. The base station 5 is shown to activate different BWPs at UE3 by appropriate signaling (such as scheduling DCI, for example), but it should be understood that each BWP in each UE3 can be activated (switched) via any appropriate mechanism (for example, when the BWP inactivity timer expires or at the start of a random access procedure).

[0121] Advantageously, this FD scheme provides the base station 5 with more flexibility than BWP-inter FD for controlling FD communication.

[0122] Advantageously, the communication system 1 implements one or more possible interference mitigation / avoidance mechanisms (as will be described in more detail later) to improve interference problems that could otherwise occur as a result of implementing the in-BWP FD scheme.

[0123] Potential interference scenarios taken into account by the interference mitigation / avoidance mechanism, which will be described in more detail later, include, for example, the possibility that a UE receiving a DL transmission is interfered with by a UE scheduled for UL in the same slot. If this interferes with the DL reference signal, this can be a serious problem. This can be addressed to some extent by the base station 5 ensuring that the UE scheduled for UL (e.g., using different beams) is far enough away from the UE scheduled for DL, and the appropriate use of DCI format 2_4 (UL preemption) can further reduce the interference to the DL UE, but additional interference mitigation / avoidance would be beneficial.

[0124] Potential interference scenarios taken into account by possible interference mitigation / avoidance mechanisms, which will be described in more detail later, also include, for example, the possibility that some UEs may attempt to receive DL channels (e.g., quasi-static signals such as CSI-RS) that may not exist due to UL transmissions in a subset of the cell bandwidth that can result in incorrect channel estimation. Fortunately, for example, some of the possible interference mitigation / avoidance mechanisms are aimed at ensuring that the DL UE does not attempt to receive the DL channel when UL scheduling is in progress, and some are aimed at avoiding the scheduling of DL resources when PUCCH resources are present.

[0125] Potential interference scenarios taken into account by possible interference mitigation / avoidance mechanisms, which will be described in more detail later, also include, for example, the possibility that the UL reception of the base station is impaired as a result of DL transmissions from the same base station.

[0126] Interference Mitigation / Avoidance Here, some possible interference mitigation / avoidance mechanisms will be described in more detail by way of example only. These mechanisms are grouped into the following broad categories for clarity. Implementation of the gap between UL BWP and DL BWP Adjustment of transmission bandwidth / resources for quasi-static signals / channels Selective pre - emphasis for dynamic UL / DL signaling Extended DL decoding in the vicinity of the interference region Proactive UE compensation for DL degradation

[0127] It should be understood that the described mechanisms are not mutually exclusive, and one or more of the mechanisms may be used by the same base station 5 and / or UE 3 for mitigating / avoiding interference between adjacent sub - bands configured for sub - band non - overlapping FD.

[0128] Implementation of the gap between UL BWP and DL BWP Here, referring to FIGS. 10 to 12, several mechanisms for updating the DL reception bandwidth and / or UL transmission bandwidth for UL / DL transmission are described based on information provided from the network so that a UE implements a frequency gap for slots configured for full - duplex communication between a UL slot in one BWP and a matching DL slot in another BWP.

[0129] As seen in FIG. 10, which is a simplified sequence diagram illustrating some different possible interference mitigation / avoidance mechanisms that can be used in communication system 1, the network can guarantee a minimum frequency gap between BWPs by providing a quasi - static BWP frequency configuration as shown at S1010.

[0130] This can be achieved by the base station 5 providing (e.g., in system information or via an RRC message) a BWP frequency configuration indicating a reduced BWP for a BWP in which one or more FD slots (or symbols) are configured (at S1010a). Such a network configuration has the advantage of simplicity, but there is a possibility of wasting radio resources since the resources within the frequency gap cannot be utilized even in slots where FD is not performed.

[0131] To mitigate (at the expense of a slight increase in complexity) issues associated with the inability to utilize radio resources within a frequency gap, the base station 5 can provide (as seen in S1010b) a BWP frequency configuration indicating a UL slot / symbol BWP bandwidth different from that of a DL slot / symbol (e.g., in system information or via an RRC message). Thus, in practice, this mechanism includes configuring a frequency gap for either only DL slots / symbols or only UL slots / symbols.

[0132] And the UE3 can apply a reduced bandwidth according to the network-configured (one or more) BWP bandwidths to provide an appropriate frequency gap (at S1012) and thus mitigate / avoid interference.

[0133] As seen in Figure 10, another possible interference mitigation / avoidance mechanism that can be used in the communication system 1 can include (as shown in S1014) a dynamic frequency gap implementation based on downlink control information (by reducing the BWP bandwidth).

[0134] In one dynamic DCI-based mechanism, the network indicates in DCI (as seen in S1014a) that the BWP bandwidth is temporarily reduced for a set of time opportunities (slots / symbols). The DCI indicates, in this example, the specific slots / symbols for which the reduced bandwidth is applicable. The DCI can also indicate to the receiving UE3 whether the bandwidth is reduced within a high-frequency region (sub-band), within a low-frequency region (sub-band), or within both the high-frequency and low-frequency regions. And the UE3 applies the frequency gap at S1016 by updating the transmit / receive bandwidth with an appropriate bandwidth reduction for the indicated slots / symbols.

[0135] In another dynamic, DCI-based mechanism, the network indicates with DCI which slots are full-duplex type slots (as seen in S1014b), and the UE3 applies the frequency gap in S1016 by updating the transmit and receive bandwidths with appropriate bandwidth reduction for all the indicated FD slots.

[0136] In the indicated FD slots, the UE3 may implement the frequency gap in several different ways. For example, the UE3 may implement the frequency gap in the FD slots as follows. 1. By default, for the frequency resources, applying a frequency gap near the boundary of the adjacent UL / DL BWP of both (or either) the BWP (「UL BWP」) in which the slot is configured for UL communication and / or the BWP (「DL BWP」) in which the slot is configured for DL communication. 2. By using only the UL BWP of the slot indicated by the common slot configuration or dedicated slot configuration as a DL slot and applying a frequency gap for the frequency resources near the boundary of the adjacent UL / DL BWP. 3. By using only the DL BWP of the slot indicated by the common slot configuration or dedicated slot configuration as a UL slot and applying a frequency gap for the frequency resources near the boundary of the adjacent UL / DL BWP. 4. By applying a frequency gap for the frequency resources at both edges of the UL BWP and DL BWP.

[0137] Any of these frequency gap implementation methods may be used alone or in combination. For example, the combination of frequency gap implementation methods to be used by the UE3 may be dynamically provided by the base station 5 with DCI or configured by the base station using appropriate RRC signaling. For example, the base station 5 may indicate the use of frequency gap implementation methods 1, 2, and 3 in one scenario and the use of frequency gap implementation method 4 in another scenario.

[0138] Furthermore, with respect to Frequency Gap Implementation Methods 2 and 3, these may also be applied based on other factors. For example, Frequency Gap Implementation Methods 2 and / or 3 may be implemented in a BWP-specific manner that configures the UE such that the network enables Frequency Gap Implementation Methods 2 and / or 3 for a particular BWP. As part of this configuration, the network may also provide the frequency region in which the frequency gap needs to be applied. Similarly, Frequency Gap Implementation Methods 2 and / or 3 may be applied only to BWPs near the cell bandwidth boundary in a restricted manner. In this case, the frequency gap is applied in the frequency region near or adjacent to the cell bandwidth boundary.

[0139] The specific frequency gap value to be applied may be configured (e.g., by RRC signaling / system information) or provided dynamically by DCI.

[0140] It can be seen that this frequency gap can be applied by appropriate bandwidth reduction, for example: by bandwidth reduction of the UL BWP (Frequency Gap Implementation Method 2) when it is indicated by a common slot configuration or a dedicated slot configuration that the slot is a DL slot, by bandwidth reduction of the DL BWP (Frequency Gap Implementation Method 3) when it is indicated by a common slot configuration or a dedicated slot configuration that the slot is a UL slot, or otherwise by bandwidth reduction of the UL BWP and / or DL BWP based on network configuration or DCI signaling (Frequency Gap Implementation Method 1 or 4).

[0141] It should be understood that any suitable DCI format may be used to indicate the set of time opportunities (slots / symbols) during which the BWP bandwidth is temporarily reduced and / or to identify full-duplex slots. For example, an existing DCI format (e.g., slot configuration DCI, UL / DL grant DCI, or any other DCI) may be adapted or a new DCI format may be used. Referring to FIG. 11, which is a simplified time-frequency diagram showing examples of possible frequency gap implementation forms, this illustrates how the gap can be implemented in some slots indicated as FD slots for a configuration including three bandwidth portions, and BWP1 is configured to have a specific TDD UL / DL slot arrangement by a common and / or dedicated slot configuration. As can be seen in FIG. 11, in the illustrated example, a frequency gap is introduced in the BWP in which the slots are configured to communicate in a direction opposite to the direction indicated by the common and / or dedicated slot configuration.

[0142] Referring to FIG. 12, which is a simplified sequence diagram illustrating some other possible interference mitigation / avoidance mechanisms that can be used in communication system 1, the bandwidth reduction for the purpose of implementing the frequency gap may be based on the resource allocation provided by base station 5, as commonly seen in S1210.

[0143] In one resource allocation-based mechanism, for example, when the UE receives a UL resource allocation in the BWP via DCI in a slot / symbol indicated as a DL slot / symbol by a common slot configuration or a dedicated slot configuration (as seen in S1210a), UE3 applies the reduced bandwidth in that BWP for the resource allocation indicated in (S1212). Similarly, when the UE receives a DL resource allocation in the BWP via DCI in a slot / symbol indicated as a UL slot / symbol by a common slot configuration or a dedicated slot configuration (as seen in S1210a), UE3 applies the reduced bandwidth in that BWP for the resource allocation indicated in (S1212). In this scenario, the reduced bandwidth value (or the size of the frequency gap to be implemented) can be indicated to UE3 via DCI or using RRC configuration signaling.

[0144] In a mechanism based on another resource allocation, for example, the base station 5 may configure the UE with full-duplex operation parameters (as seen in S1210c). The full-duplex operation parameters may be provided in any suitable manner. For example, the parameters may be specifically configured for the UE3 by the base station 5 (e.g., using dedicated RRC configuration, etc.). It will be understood that for some of the UE3s, the base station 5 may not configure these parameters, and for other UE3s, the base station may configure these parameters. Therefore, the network can selectively configure the UE3s for full-duplex operation. Thus, when the UE3 receives a UL or DL resource allocation within a flexible slot, the UE3 applies the reduced bandwidth of its BWP / cell for the indicated resource allocation.

[0145] When the UE receives a UL resource allocation in the BWP via DCI in a slot / symbol indicated as a DL slot / symbol by a common slot configuration or a dedicated slot configuration (as seen in S1210a), the UE3 applies the reduced bandwidth of its BWP for the resource allocation indicated in (S1212). Similarly, when the UE receives a DL resource allocation in the BWP via DCI in a slot / symbol indicated as a UL slot / symbol by a common slot configuration or a dedicated slot configuration (as seen in S1210a), the UE3 applies the reduced bandwidth of its BWP for the resource allocation indicated in (S1212). In this scenario, the reduced bandwidth value (or the size of the frequency gap to be implemented) can be indicated to the UE3 via DCI or using RRC configuration signaling.

[0146] It will be understood that the frequency gaps created based on any of these mechanisms may differ between UEs that do not support full-duplex operation and UEs that support full-duplex operation.

[0147] The mechanism is described in the context of interference mitigation between UL communication and DL communication in a single cell, but it will be understood that the mechanism can also be adapted to mitigate inter-cell interference (e.g., near the boundary between neighboring / overlapping cells when the BWP of one cell is configured for UL communication and the BWP of a neighboring / overlapping cell is configured for DL communication).

[0148] Transmission bandwidth / resource adjustment for quasi-static signals / channels In the case of dynamic transmission (e.g., PDSCH / PUSCH), a frequency gap can be created between the subbands configured for uplink transmission and the subbands configured for downlink transmission in a relatively straightforward manner based on the network implementation. However, the situation of quasi-static resource allocation (e.g., quasi-static allocation for CSI-RS / SRS / PUCCH, etc.) is not straightforward.

[0149] Here, some possible interference mitigation / avoidance mechanisms generally applicable to quasi-static signals / channels will be described by way of example with reference to FIGS. 13 to 15.

[0150] FIG. 13 is a simplified sequence diagram illustrating a possible interference mitigation / avoidance mechanism for quasi-static signals / channels that can be used in communication system 1 to enable proper preemption, rate matching, and puncturing of physical quasi-static transmissions.

[0151] The interference mitigation / avoidance mechanism of FIG. 13 includes preemption of physical UL / DL transmission using frame structure signaling from base station 5 (as shown as S1312). The frame structure signaling advantageously enables UE3 to determine where UL transmissions (such as SRS, PUCCH, etc.) need to be cancelled (or reconfigured to use different resources) in order to avoid possible contention with DL transmissions, and shows the UE3 the structure of the frame in a way that enables the UE3 to determine where DL reception (such as CSI-RS) is cancelled (or reconfigured to use different resources) to avoid possible contention with UL transmissions, thereby enabling the UE3 to avoid accidentally receiving non-existent DL transmissions (such as CSI-RS). It will be appreciated that the frame structure signaling need not provide all frame information in a single message or using a single type of signaling (such as DCI, RRC, system information, etc.).

[0152] As seen in FIG. 13, the frame structure signaling from base station 5 includes information identifying slots / symbols configured as full-duplex type slots / symbols. This information may be in the form of information indicating, for example, for FD type slots / symbols, that those slots / symbols are configured for both UL and DL. This information may be in the form of information indicating that the FD slot / symbol is a UL slot / symbol if the slot / symbol is configured as a DL slot / symbol by a common slot configuration or a dedicated slot configuration, and that the slot / symbol is a DL slot / symbol if the slot / symbol is configured as a UL slot / symbol by a common slot configuration or a dedicated slot configuration.

[0153] The frame structure signaling from base station 5 also includes information identifying the UL frequency region and DL frequency region (sub-band) to be used for FD communication (this may be dynamically indicated using DCI or may be configured by RRC signaling).

[0154] The frame structure signaling from base station 5 also includes information defining a guard band where UL or DL transmission should not be performed. The guard band may be explicitly defined by DCI (e.g., identifying a specific frequency allocation) or may be implicitly defined (e.g., the network configures the bandwidth of the guard band and UE3 assumes that there is always a guard band between the defined UL frequency range and DL frequency range).

[0155] The frame structure signaling may also include information identifying one or more beams of a beam set configured to communicate with base station 5 where UL transmission and / or DL transmission is not permitted (and / or is permitted).

[0156] Based on the frame structure signaling (optionally in conjunction with the TDD common / dedicated slot configuration), UE3 can determine the time opportunities and frequency resources where UL / DL quasi-static transmission is not permitted (therefore, preemption / resource reconfiguration should be performed) (at S1314).

[0157] Thus, UE3 can cancel UL transmission or reconfigure the resources therefor (at S1316) and / or can cancel DL reception monitoring or reconfigure the resources therefor.

[0158] UE3 may cancel UL transmission or reconfigure the resources therefor, and / or may cancel the monitoring of DL reception or reconfigure the resources therefor in several different ways. Here, some of these methods will be described with reference to FIGS. 14A to 14C, which are time-frequency diagrams each showing an example of how preemption / reconfiguration can be performed for UL transmission.

[0159] UE3 may cancel UL transmission or reconfigure the resources therefor, and / or may cancel the monitoring of DL reception or reconfigure the resources therefor according to any of the following. 1. UE3 determines that the monitoring of any configured UL transmission (e.g., configured grant (CG), PUCCH, and / or SRS transmission) and / or any DL reception (e.g., CSI-RS) should be cancelled in all the indicated full-duplex slots (this is illustrated for the configured UL transmission in FIG. 14A). 2. UE3 determines that configured UL transmission is permitted only if the UL resource bandwidth is within the bandwidth available for UL within the full-duplex slot, and / or DL reception is required only if the DL resource bandwidth is within the bandwidth available for DL within the full-duplex slot (this is illustrated for the configured UL transmission in FIG. 14B). 3. UE3 determines that configured UL transmission is permitted only if UE3 is connected via a beam indicated by frame structure signaling that UL transmission is permitted, and / or DL reception is required only if UE3 is connected via a beam indicated by frame structure signaling that DL transmission is permitted. 4. UE3 determines that configured UL transmission is permitted only for high-priority UL transmission, and / or DL reception is required only for high-priority DL reception. 5. In this example, a UL resource configuration is provided to UE3 for all-duplex slots / symbols, and the UE determines to perform uplink transmission using a UL resource configuration that has a bandwidth completely within the UL bandwidth of the all-duplex slots / symbols. Similarly, a DL resource configuration may be provided to UE3 for all-duplex slots / symbols, and the UE may determine to monitor downlink reception using a DL resource configuration that has a bandwidth completely within the DL bandwidth of the all-duplex slots / symbols.

[0160] It will be appreciated that the different approaches described above can be used for different channels. For example, Approach 4 may be used for a configured UL grant, Approach 1 may be used for SRS, and Approach 2 may be used for PUCCH. Another variation would be that in the case of PUCCH transmission, either Approach 5 or Approach 2 may be applicable, but only for scheduling request transmission.

[0161] In these different approaches, in the case of UL transmission cancellation, the UL cancellation can only be performed when the slots / symbols for the configured UL transmission are not configured as UL slots by a common slot configuration or a dedicated slot configuration.

[0162] In these different approaches, in the case of DL reception cancellation, the DL cancellation can only be performed when the slots / symbols for the configured DL reception are not configured as DL slots by a common slot configuration or a dedicated slot configuration.

[0163] FIG. 15 is a simplified sequence diagram illustrating another possible interference mitigation / avoidance mechanism for quasi-static signals / channels that can be used in communication system 1.

[0164] The interference mitigation / avoidance mechanism of FIG. 15 includes, in some form, dynamic adjustment of resource allocation for quasi-static signals via DCI signaling or Medium Access Control (MAC) control elements (as shown as S1510).

[0165] In one mechanism, the base station 5 dynamically updates the resource configuration of UL / DL quasi-static signals by indicating an adjusted frequency resource allocation for a given set of time opportunities using DCI or MAC CE (as shown as S1510a).

[0166] In another mechanism, a portion of the resources configured for UL and / or DL quasi-static signals is divided into a plurality (in some cases two) of frequency regions as seen in S1510b, with at least one of those frequency regions always being available for use and at least one other frequency region being activatable or deactivatable as needed (i.e., being “optionally available”). In that case, the base station 5 can dynamically update the resource configuration for UL / DL quasi-static signals by activating / deactivating the (one or more) frequency regions that are optionally available based on DCI (at S1510c).

[0167] Thus, the UE 3 can appropriately apply the updated resource configuration (at S1512) to UL transmission / DL quasi-static signal reception. It will be appreciated that any of these mechanisms can be applied to each of the UL / DL physical signals / channels.

[0168] Selective preemption of dynamic UL / DL signaling Here, some possible interference mitigation / avoidance mechanisms generally applicable to dynamic UL / DL transmissions (e.g., in PUSCH / PDSCH) will be described by way of example with reference to FIGS. 16 to 18.

[0169] Figures 16 and 17 are simplified sequence diagrams each illustrating some possible interference mitigation / avoidance mechanisms related to pre - emption of dynamic UL / DL signaling in communication system 1.

[0170] Figures 18A through 18C are time - frequency diagrams each showing an example of how resources can be identified for pre - empted dynamic transmissions in communication system 1.

[0171] Some UL / DL transmissions (e.g., PUSCH / PDSCH) can be allocated to multiple symbols / slots. However, since interference on the DL is only severe for a subset of the allocated symbols, canceling UL / DL transmissions in the frequency resources of the interfering source over the entire allocated duration can be inefficient.

[0172] Therefore, an improved pre - emption that allows UL / DL transmissions to be canceled during specific time opportunities that can cause the most interference is desirable. This is particularly beneficial for multi - slot PUSCH / PDSCH transmissions.

[0173] However, since the time opportunities for interference occurrence depend on the base station's scheduling decisions and can thus be very dynamic, improved pre - emption is complex.

[0174] To provide improved pre - emption for specific resources where interference is most likely to be prominent, additional (FD - specific) rate - matching patterns can be configured (e.g., by RRC signaling). In that case, the base station can notify UE3 of the rate - matching resources on which rate - matching for dynamic UL / DL signaling should be performed.

[0175] Figure 16 is a simplified sequence diagram illustrating some possible interference mitigation / avoidance mechanisms for identifying (FD - specific) rate - matching resources that can be used in communication system 1.

[0176] All of the interference mitigation / avoidance mechanisms in FIG. 16 include, in some form, the identification of the resources for which dynamic UL / DL rate matching should be performed (as shown as S1610).

[0177] As seen in S1610a, scheduling DCI can be used to indicate rate matching resources (both time and frequency resources). This may be, for example, by indicating in the scheduling DCI a specific time opportunity to which a configured rate matching pattern will be applied (the frequency resources may be preconfigured). The indication of the rate matching resources may be provided by a rate matching pattern index that indicates a specific configured (FD-specific) rate matching pattern. There is a scheduling DCI format that includes a rate matching indicator (DCI format 1_1), but since the size of the indicator is limited to 2 bits, it may be appropriate to increase the maximum number of bits used for the indicator when this indicator is used to indicate a specific configured (FD-specific) rate matching pattern.

[0178] As seen in S1610b, DCI or MAC CE (e.g., dedicated DCI / MAC CE) can be used to dynamically update a previously configured rate matching pattern (e.g., by RRC signaling).

[0179] As seen in S1610c, the network may configure the UE with several Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) states and / or DL beam-specific rate matching patterns (e.g., using RRC signaling). Thus, UE3 can determine the rate matching pattern based on the TCI state and / or the DL beam through which UE3 is connected, and apply the appropriate rate matching accordingly.

[0180] As shown in S1610d, the network may indicate (e.g., using RRC signaling) to UE3 a rate matching resource configuration for which UL / DL rate matching for quasi-static signals (e.g., CSI-RS or SRS) should be performed. The resource configuration of the quasi-static (CSI-RS or SRS) resources can be appropriately configured for UE3 by the base station 5 (e.g., using RRC signaling). (Since this is not currently supported in the 3GPP specifications) Specifically, the CSI-RS resources of the base station 5 can be configured as rate matching resources for UL, and the SRS resources can be configured as rate matching resources for DL.

[0181] Therefore, regardless of which rate matching resource indication mechanism (or combination of mechanisms) is used, UE3 can appropriately perform UL transmission / DL reception based on rate matching centered around the rate matching resources indicated in (S1612).

[0182] Figure 18A is an example of how such rate matching information can be used to identify an appropriate rate matching resource for a preempted PUSCH transmission.

[0183] Figure 17 is a simplified sequence diagram illustrating some possible interference mitigation / avoidance mechanisms for dynamic UL / DL channels that can be used in communication system 1.

[0184] Figure 17, and the mechanisms illustrated in Figure 17, are the same as the mechanisms shown and described with reference to Figure 13 for the preemption of quasi-static signals.

[0185] Similar to the mechanism of FIG. 13, the interference mitigation / avoidance mechanism of FIG. 17 includes preemption based on frame structure signaling from the network. However, the mechanism illustrated in FIG. 17 relates to preemption (shown as S1710) of dynamic UL / DL transmission (not quasi-static) using frame structure signaling from base station 5 (provided at S1712). The frame structure signaling enables UE3 to determine where UL transmission (e.g., PUSCH, etc.) needs to be avoided in order to avoid possible contention with DL transmission (e.g., CSI-RS) in a way that indicates the frame structure to UE3. The frame structure signaling also enables UE3 to determine where DL reception (e.g., PDSCH) does not exist in order to avoid possible contention with UL transmission (e.g., SRS) in a way that indicates the frame structure to UE3. It should be understood that the frame structure signaling does not need to provide all frame information in a single message or using a single type of signaling (e.g., DCI, RRC, system information, etc.).

[0186] As seen in FIG. 17, the frame structure signaling from base station 5 includes information identifying slots / symbols configured as full-duplex type slots / symbols. This information may be in the form of information indicating, for example, for FD type slots / symbols, that those slots / symbols are configured for both UL and DL. This information may be in the form of information indicating that the FD slot / symbol is a UL slot / symbol if the slot / symbol is configured as a DL slot / symbol by a common slot configuration or a dedicated slot configuration, and is a DL slot / symbol if the slot / symbol is configured as a UL slot / symbol by a common slot configuration or a dedicated slot configuration.

[0187] The frame structure signaling from base station 5 also includes information identifying the UL frequency region and DL frequency region (sub-bands) to be used for FD communication (this may be dynamically indicated using DCI or may be configured by RRC signaling).

[0188] The frame structure signaling from base station 5 also includes information defining guard bands where UL or DL transmission should not be performed. The guard bands may be explicitly defined by DCI (e.g., identifying a specific frequency allocation) or may be implicitly defined (e.g., by the network configuring the bandwidth of the guard band and UE3 assuming that there is always a guard band between the defined UL frequency range and DL frequency range).

[0189] The frame structure signaling may also include information identifying one or more beams of a beam set configured to communicate with base station 5 where UL transmission and / or DL transmission is not permitted (and / or is permitted).

[0190] Base station 5 may also provide (in S1713) information identifying the configuration(s) for quasi-static signaling (e.g., of CSI-RS and / or SRS). (Optionally in conjunction with TDD common / dedicated slot configuration and / or quasi-static signal resource configuration) Based on the frame structure signaling, UE3 can determine (in S1714) the time opportunities and frequency resources where UL / DL dynamic transmission is permitted / not permitted.

[0191] Thus, UE3 can avoid UL transmission (in S1716) and / or can assume that there is no DL reception accordingly.

[0192] Regarding UL transmission (e.g., PUSCH), UE3 can avoid UL transmission according to any of the following. 1. UE3 determines that UL transmission should not be performed on a subset of UL resources that occur between symbols / slots indicated to be full-duplex, unless the slots / symbols for the configured UL transmission are indicated to be UL slots / symbols by the common slot configuration and / or dedicated slot configuration. 2. UE3 determines that UL transmission should be punctured for UL resources outside the UL frequency band indicated by the frame structure signaling of the full-duplex slot. 3. When the CSI-RS configuration is provided by the base station (at S1713), UE3 determines (as shown in the example shown in Fig. 18B) the locations where UL transmission should be avoided based on both the CSI-RS configuration and the frame structure signaling. Accordingly, for example, UE3 may determine that UL transmission occurring within a full-duplex slot / symbol that should have occurred during the CSI-RS opportunity indicated by the base station 5 in the CSI-RS configuration should not be performed. UE3 may determine that UL transmission occurring within a full-duplex slot / symbol that should have occurred during the zero power (ZP) CSI-RS opportunity indicated by the base station 5 in the CSI-RS configuration should not be performed. The CSI-RS configuration may indicate to the UE for which CSI-RS opportunities transmission should not be performed between full-duplex slots / symbols. In that case, UE3 may decide not to perform UL transmission that should occur during the CSI-RS opportunities indicated within the full-duplex slot / symbol. In addition to the above, UE3 may cancel UL transmission only for CSI-RS resources where its beam / TCI state is the same or close to the UE's beam / TCI state.

[0193] Regarding DL reception (e.g., PDSCH), UE3 may assume that DL transmission is not performed according to any of the following. 1. Assume that UE3 does not perform DL transmission on a subset of DL resources that occur between symbols / slots indicated to be full-duplex, unless the slots / symbols for the configured DL transmission are indicated to be DL slots / symbols by the common slot configuration and / or dedicated slot configuration. 2. Assume that UE3 punctures DL transmission for DL resources outside the DL frequency band indicated by the frame structure signaling for full-duplex slots. 3. When an SRS configuration is provided by the base station (at S1713), UE3 determines locations where DL transmission does not occur based on both the SRS configuration and the frame structure signaling (as shown in the example shown in Figure 18C). Accordingly, for example, · UE3 may not receive DL transmissions that should occur within full-duplex slots / symbols during the SRS opportunities indicated by the base station 5 in the SRS configuration. · UE3 may not receive DL transmissions that should occur within full-duplex slots / symbols during the zero power (ZP) SRS opportunities indicated by the base station 5 in the SRS configuration. · The SRS configuration may indicate to the UE which SRS opportunities have no transmission between full-duplex slots / symbols. In that case, UE3 may not receive DL transmissions that should occur during the SRS opportunities indicated within the full-duplex slots / symbols. · In addition to the above, UE3 may cancel DL reception only for SRS resources with the same or a similar beam / TCI state as its own beam / TCI state.

[0194] Enhanced DL Decoding Near the Interference Region To mitigate the impact of interference, DL decoding can also be extended, particularly for the frequency region closest to the UL subbands configured for FD communication, which are most likely to receive significant interference.

[0195] FIG. 19 is a simplified sequence diagram illustrating some possible interference mitigation / avoidance mechanisms based on robust decoding of the downlink that can be used in communication system 1.

[0196] As seen in FIG. 19, the interference mitigation / avoidance mechanism includes a mechanism based on the application of different coding rates in the vicinity of the interference region (S1910), and the provision of a higher density of downlink reference signals (RS) where interference can be expected (S1912).

[0197] By applying a better DL coding rate in the vicinity of the UL part, more robust decoding is enabled, and it will be understood that the robustness of PDSCH transmission spanning a higher radio resource is increased compared to the radio resources where interference is expected.

[0198] To facilitate this enhanced decoding, the base station 5 may indicate to the UE 3 a resource-specific coding rate (or set of coding rates) applied to PDSCH transmission corresponding to a specific resource or resource group that is different from the coding rate applied elsewhere (as shown in S1910a). The (one or more) coding rates applicable to the radio resources where interference is expected may be lower than the (one or more) coding rates applied elsewhere, for example, to provide higher redundancy.

[0199] For example, the base station may indicate different (one or more) coding rates in association with information identifying the associated resources to which different (one or more) coding rates are applicable (e.g., a subset of codewords, or a code block group, or a 0a subset of the frequency and time resources allocated to the PDSCH). The information indicating different (one or more) coding rates may be provided, for example, in DCI (e.g., using a scheduling DCI format).

[0200] Therefore, when the PDSCH encoded on the resource to which the extended resource-specific coding rate is applied is transmitted to UE3 using its extended coding rate (at S1910b), UE3 can appropriately decode the PDSCH based on its extended resource-specific coding rate (S1910c).

[0201] In a variant regarding this, the network may split a single DL transmission for transmission to UE3 into two separate transport blocks TBs (separated in frequency), and the TB closer to the resources configured for UL (as seen in S1910e) has a better (lower) coding rate applied. The applicable (one or more) TB-specific PDSCH coding rates may be signaled to UE3 using, for example, DCI (as shown in S1910d).

[0202] Therefore, when the two TBs of the PDSCH transmission reach UE3 (at S1910b), UE3 can appropriately decode each TB based on the coding rate applicable to that TB (at S1910f).

[0203] This mechanism assumes that UE3 can receive two TBs belonging to different frequency regions from the same cell simultaneously. This can be facilitated, for example, by configuring UE3 to be able to decode multiple DCIs for the PDSCH in the same search space opportunity.

[0204] In another interference mitigation / avoidance mechanism illustrated in FIG. 19, the density of the downlink reference signals (e.g., demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) and / or positioning reference signal (P-RS)) increases before and after the radio resources where interference is expected from UL (as shown in S1912).

[0205] To notify UE3 of the density increase, the base station 5 may provide configuration signaling (e.g., using RRC signaling) indicating the density of RS for frequency resources. Additionally or alternatively, the base station 5 may dynamically configure and / or activate / deactivate additional RS resources for UE3 that are near UL resources (as shown in S1912a) when necessary.

[0206] Thus, UE3 can appropriately decode PDSCH considering the RS density extended in S1912b (e.g., to improve channel estimation values and channel delay measurement values).

[0207] DL Degradation Proactive UE Compensation To mitigate the impact of interference, support information indicating where possible degradation of the DL signal can occur may be provided to UE3, enabling UE3 to perform proactive compensation accordingly.

[0208] Figure 20 is a simplified sequence diagram illustrating some possible interference mitigation / avoidance mechanisms based on such proactive compensation for downlink degradation that can be used in the communication system of Figure 1.

[0209] As seen in Figure 20, the base station 5 may provide support information in a form indicating that PDSCH transmission is likely to be impaired for a specific subset of radio resources (e.g., via DCI), along with information identifying the affected radio resources or code blocks (as shown in S2010a).

[0210] Alternatively or additionally, the base station 5 may provide support information in a form indicating an SRS configuration that can be interpreted by UE3 to indicate the occurrence of DL breakage between FD slots / symbols (as shown in S2010b). The base station 5 may, for example, configure zero-power SRS resources specific to the FD slots / symbols with a high probability of breakage. The base station 5 may also provide an indication of DL beam / TCI state information for each SRS opportunity.

[0211] Based on the SRC configuration, UE3 can determine the FD time opportunity corresponding to the configured SRS opportunity. UE3 can also limit the FD time opportunity by considering only the FD time opportunities corresponding to the DL beam / TCI state of the SRS opportunity that matches (or is close to) the DL beam / TCI state of UE3.

[0212] After determining the time opportunity, UE3 can take measures to mitigate the damage. For example, UE3 may discard the resource elements (REs) that are likely to be damaged (as shown in S2010c) (for example, CSI-RS REs can be discarded), and / or improve the channel estimation value based on the assistance information (as shown in S2010c).

[0213] User Equipment FIG. 21 is a schematic block diagram illustrating the main components of UE3 shown in FIG. 2.

[0214] As shown in the figure, UE3 has a transceiver circuit 31 that can operate to transmit signals to and receive signals from the base station 5 via one or more antennas 33. UE3 has a control unit 37 that controls the operation of UE3. The control unit 37 is associated with a memory 39 and is connected to the transceiver circuit 31. UE3 may have all the normal functions of a conventional UE3 that are not necessarily required for its operation, but of course, it may have a user interface 35 such as a touch screen / keypad / microphone / speaker to enable direct control by the user and interaction with the user. This can be provided by any one or any combination of hardware, software, and firmware as needed. The software may be pre-installed in the memory 39 and / or downloaded, for example, via a telecommunications network or from a removable data storage device (RMD).

[0215] In this example, the control unit 37 is configured to control the overall operation of the UE 3 by program instructions or software instructions stored in the memory 39. As shown in the figure, these software instructions include, among other things, an operating system 41, a communication control module 43, a control information management module 45, an RRC module 51, and a system information module 53.

[0216]

[0215] The communication control module 43 is operable to control the communication between the UE 3 and its serving base station(s) 5 (as well as other communication devices connected to the base station 5 such as additional UEs and / or core network nodes). The communication control module 43 is configured for the processing of the entire uplink communication via an associated uplink channel that includes both dynamic signaling and semi-static signaling (e.g., SRS), for example, via the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and / or the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). The communication control module 43 is configured for the processing of the entire downlink communication reception via an associated downlink channel that includes both dynamic signaling and semi-static signaling (e.g., CSI-RS), for example, via the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and / or the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH). The communication control module 43 is responsible for determining the resources to be used by the UE 3, determining how the slots / symbols are configured (e.g., for UL, DL, or FD communication), determining which bandwidth part(s) are configured for the UE 3, and controlling the implementation of one or more of the described interference avoidance / mitigation mechanisms.

[0217] The control information management module 45 is responsible for managing tasks related to the reception of downlink control information from the base station. The RRC module 51 is responsible for receiving RRC signaling from the base station 5 and transmitting RRC signaling to the base station 5. The system information module 53 is responsible for receiving system information from the base station 5.

[0218] Base station FIG. 22 is a schematic block diagram illustrating the main components of the base station 5 for the communication system 1 shown in FIG. 2. As shown, the base station 5 includes a transceiver circuit 51 for transmitting signals to and receiving signals from communication devices (such as UE3) via one or more antennas 53 (e.g., an antenna array / massive antenna), and a core network interface 55 for transmitting signals to network nodes in the core network 7 and receiving signals from network nodes in the core network 7 (including, for example, N2, N3, and other reference points / interfaces). Although not shown, the base station 5 may also be coupled to other base stations via an appropriate interface (e.g., the so-called "Xn" interface in NR). The base station 5 has a control unit 57 that controls the operation of the base station 5. The control unit 57 is associated with a memory 59. Software may be pre-installed in the memory 59 and / or downloaded, for example, via the communication network 1 or from a removable data storage device (RMD). The control unit 57 is configured to control the overall operation of the base station 5 by program instructions or software instructions stored in the memory 59 in this example.

[0219] As shown, these software instructions include, among other things, an operating system 61, a communication control module 63, a control information management module 65, an RRC module 71, and a system information module 73.

[0220] The communication control module 63 is operable to control communication between the base station 5 and the UE 3 and other network entities connected to the base station 5. The communication control module 63 is configured for controlling the overall reception of uplink communication via an associated uplink channel (e.g., via the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and / or the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)) including both dynamic signaling and semi-static signaling (e.g., SRS). The communication control module 43 is configured for processing the overall transmission of downlink communication via an associated downlink channel (e.g., via the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and / or the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH)) including both dynamic signaling and semi-static signaling (e.g., CSI-RS).

[0221] The control information management module 65 is responsible for managing tasks related to the transmission of downlink control information from the base station. The RRC module 71 is responsible for receiving RRC signaling from the UE 3 and transmitting RRC signaling to the UE 3. The system information module 73 is responsible for transmitting system information to UEs within the (one or more) cells 9 of the base station.

[0222] Modifications and alternatives As described above, the detailed embodiments have been explained. As those skilled in the art will understand, while still obtaining benefits from the present disclosure embodied in the above embodiments, several modifications and alternatives can be made to the above embodiments.

[0223] For example, for the sake of clarity, terms specific to generations of cellular communication (such as 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, 6G, etc.) may be used to refer to a particular communication entity. However, it should be understood that the technical features described for a given entity are not limited to devices of that particular communication generation. The technical features can be implemented in any functionally equivalent communication entity, regardless of the differences in the terms used to refer to them.

[0224] In the above description, the UE and the base station are described as having several individual functional components or modules for ease of understanding. These modules may be provided in this way in a particular application where an existing system has been modified to implement the present disclosure. However, in other applications, such as a system designed from the outset with the features of the present invention in mind, these modules may be incorporated into the overall operating system or code, and thus may not be distinguishable as individual entities.

[0225] In the above embodiments, several software modules have been described. As those skilled in the art will understand, software modules may be provided in compiled form or in non-compiled form, and may be supplied to the base station, the mobility management entity, or the UE via a computer network or as a signal on a recording medium. Furthermore, the functions implemented by some or all of this software may be implemented using one or more dedicated hardware circuits. However, the use of software modules is preferred because it facilitates the update of the base station or the UE for updating their functions.

[0226] Each control unit may comprise a processing circuit in any suitable form, including (but not limited to) for example, one or more hardware-implemented computer processors, microprocessors, central processing units (CPUs), arithmetic logic units (ALUs), input / output (I / O) circuits, internal memory / cache (program and / or data), processing registers, communication buses (e.g., control bus, data bus and / or address bus), direct memory access (DMA) functionality, hardware or software-implemented counters, pointers and / or timers, etc. Various other modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art and will not be described in further detail here.

[0227] The base station may comprise a "distributed" base station having a central unit "CU" and one or more separate distributed units (DUs).

[0228] Broadly, in one example of the description, the method is performed by a user equipment (UE), and the method comprises receiving from an access network node, for a plurality of time resources, first information indicating at least one of which of the plurality of time resources is configured for uplink communication and which of the plurality of time resources is configured for downlink communication, and second information for configuring communication in the plurality of time resources in a first frequency region; configuring, based on the second information, the bandwidth of the first frequency region to provide a frequency gap between the first frequency region and a corresponding second frequency region adjacent (next to) the first frequency region in frequency, for corresponding time resources of the plurality of time resources; and communicating with the access network node in the first frequency region for each of the plurality of time resources.

[0229] In another example of the description, a complementary method is performed by an access network node, the method comprising transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), first information indicating, for a plurality of time resources, at least one of which time resource among the plurality of time resources is configured for uplink communication and which time resource among the plurality of time resources is configured for downlink communication, and second information for configuring communication in the plurality of time resources in a first frequency region, the second information including information for being applied in the UE to configure, based on the second information, the bandwidth of the first frequency region for a corresponding time resource among the plurality of time resources to provide a frequency gap between the first frequency region and a corresponding second frequency region adjacent (in the vicinity) to the first frequency region in frequency, and communicating with the UE in the first frequency region for each of the plurality of time resources.

[0230] The second information may include information indicating at least one time resource among the plurality of time resources for which the bandwidth of the first frequency region should be reduced. The second information may include information indicating at least one of that the bandwidth of at least one time resource should be reduced from the high-frequency part of the first frequency region, that the bandwidth of at least one time resource should be reduced from the low-frequency part of the first frequency region, or that the bandwidth of at least one time resource should be reduced from both the high-frequency part and the low-frequency part of the first frequency region. The second information may identify at least one time resource among the plurality of time resources to be used for full-duplex communication.

[0231] Configuring may include configuring a reduced bandwidth for at least one time resource indicated by the second information as being used for full-duplex communication with respect to the bandwidth of the first frequency region for at least one other time resource among the plurality of time resources.

[0232] The second information may configure at least one time resource among a plurality of time resources for downlink communication. When the first information indicates that at least one time resource among the plurality of time resources configured by the second information for downlink communication is configured for uplink communication, configuring may include configuring a reduced bandwidth with respect to the bandwidth of the first frequency region for at least one other time resource among the plurality of time resources.

[0233] The second information may configure at least one time resource among a plurality of time resources for uplink communication. When the first information indicates that at least one time resource among the plurality of time resources configured by the second information for uplink communication is configured for downlink communication, configuring may include configuring a reduced bandwidth with respect to the bandwidth of the first frequency region for at least one other time resource among the plurality of time resources.

[0234] The second information may configure at least one time resource among a plurality of time resources for downlink communication in the first frequency region and for uplink communication in the second frequency region. Configuring may include providing a frequency gap portion between the first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region and the second operating bandwidth of the corresponding second frequency region for at least one other time resource among the plurality of time resources configured for downlink communication in the first frequency region and for uplink communication in the second frequency region, with respect to the bandwidths of both the first frequency region and the second frequency region.

[0235] Configuring may be performed by reducing the bandwidth of the first frequency region at both the high-frequency edge and the low-frequency edge with respect to at least one time resource among the plurality of time resources.

[0236] The second information may indicate the size of a frequency gap portion to be provided by configuring a bandwidth, or the amount by which the bandwidth of the first frequency region should be reduced.

[0237] The second information may provide a resource allocation for a time resource among a plurality of time resources, and configuring may include configuring a bandwidth for a time resource for which a resource allocation is provided according to the first information.

[0238] When the resource allocation is an uplink resource allocation and the first information indicates that the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided is configured for downlink communication, configuring may include configuring a reduced bandwidth for the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided with respect to the bandwidth of the first frequency region for at least one other time resource among the plurality of time resources.

[0239] When the resource allocation is a downlink resource allocation and the first information indicates that the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided is configured for uplink communication, configuring may include configuring a reduced bandwidth for the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided with respect to the bandwidth of the first frequency region for at least one other time resource among the plurality of time resources.

[0240] When the first information does not indicate that the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided is configured for either downlink communication or uplink communication, configuring may include configuring a reduced bandwidth for the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided with respect to the bandwidth of the first frequency region for at least one other time resource among the plurality of time resources.

[0241] The second information may include third information indicating a frequency configuration of the first frequency region to be applied to provide a frequency gap between an operating bandwidth of the first frequency region and an operating bandwidth of a corresponding second frequency region.

[0242] The third information may indicate that a different frequency configuration should be applied to time resources configured for uplink communication than to time resources configured for downlink communication.

[0243] A user equipment (or "UE", "mobile station", "mobile device", or "wireless device") in the present disclosure is an entity connected to a network via a wireless interface. Note that the present disclosure is not limited to dedicated communication devices and can be applied to any device having a communication function as described in the following paragraphs.

[0244] The terms "user equipment" or "UE" (which is used by 3GPP), "mobile station", "mobile device", and "wireless device" are generally intended to be synonymous with each other and include terminals, cell phones, smartphones, tablets, cellular IoT devices, IoT devices, and stand-alone mobile stations such as machines. It will be understood that the terms "mobile station" and "mobile device" also include devices that remain stationary for long periods of time.

[0245] The UE may be, for example, equipment items for production or manufacturing and / or energy-related machinery items (e.g., boilers; engines; turbines; solar panels; wind turbines; hydroelectric generators; thermal power generators; nuclear power generators; batteries; nuclear systems and / or related equipment; heavy electrical equipment; pumps including vacuum pumps; compressors; fans; blowers; hydraulic equipment; pneumatic equipment; metalworking machines; manipulators; robots and / or their application systems; tools; molds or dies; rolls; conveying equipment; lifting equipment; material handling equipment; textile machines; sewing machines; printing and / or related machines; paper industry machines; chemical machines; mining and / or construction machines and / or related facilities; machines and / or appliances for agriculture, forestry and / or fisheries; safety and / or environmental protection equipment; tractors; precision bearings; chains; gears; power transmission equipment; lubrication equipment; valves; pipe fittings; and / or application systems for any of the aforementioned equipment or machinery, etc.).

[0246] The UE may be, for example, transportation equipment items (e.g., railway vehicles; automobiles; motorcycles; bicycles; trains; buses; carts; rickshaws; ships and other vessels; aircraft; rockets; satellites; drones; balloons, etc.).

[0247] The UE may be, for example, information and communication equipment items (e.g., electronic computers and related equipment; communication and related equipment; electronic components, etc.).

[0248] The UE may be, for example, refrigerators, refrigerator application products, commercial and / or service industry equipment items, vending machines, automatic service machines, office equipment, consumer electronics and electrical appliances (e.g., audio equipment; video equipment; speakers; radios; TVs; microwave ovens; rice cookers; coffee machines; dishwashers; washing machines; dryers; electric fans or related appliances; vacuum cleaners, etc.).

[0249] The UE may be, for example, an electrical application system or device (e.g., an X-ray system; a particle accelerator; a radioisotope device; a sonic device; an electromagnetic application device; an electrical power application device, etc., such as an electrical application system or device).

[0250] The UE may be, for example, an electronic lamp, a lighting fixture, a measuring device, an analyzer, a tester, or a surveying or sensing device (e.g., a surveying or sensing device such as a smoke detector; a human sensor; a motion sensor; a radio tag, etc., such as a surveying or sensing device), a wristwatch or clock, an inspection device, an optical device, a medical device and / or system, a weapon, a cutlery product, a hand tool, etc.

[0251] The UE may be, for example, a personal digital assistant or related device of wireless equipment (e.g., a wireless card or module designed to be attached to or inserted into another electronic device (e.g., a personal computer, an electrical measuring instrument)).

[0252] The UE may be part of a device or system that uses various wired and / or wireless communication technologies to provide the applications, services, and solutions described later regarding the "internet of things (IoT)". Internet of Things devices (or "things") may be equipped with appropriate electronic equipment, software, sensors, network connections, etc. that enable these devices to collect and exchange data with each other and with other communication devices. IoT devices may include automated devices that follow software instructions stored in internal memory. IoT devices may operate without the need for human supervision or interaction. IoT devices may also remain stationary and / or inactive for long periods of time. IoT devices may be implemented (generally) as part of a fixed installation. IoT devices may also be incorporated into a non-fixed device (e.g., a vehicle), or attached to an animal or person to be monitored / tracked.

[0253] It will be understood that IoT technology can be implemented on any communication device that can be connected to a communication network to send / receive data, whether such communication device is controlled by human input or software instructions stored in memory.

[0254] It will be understood that IoT devices may also be referred to as Machine-Type Communication (MTC) devices or Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication devices. It will be understood that a UE may support one or more IoT applications or MTC applications. Some examples of MTC applications are listed in the following table. This list is not exhaustive and is intended to show some examples of machine type communication applications.

Table 2

[0255] Applications, services, and solutions may include MVNO (Mobile Virtual Network Operator) services, emergency wireless communication systems, PBX (Private Branch eXchange) systems, PHS / digital cordless telecommunications systems, POS (Point of sale) systems, advertising call systems, MBMS (Multimedia Broadcast and Multicast Service), V2X (Vehicle to Everything) systems, train wireless systems, location-related services, disaster / emergency wireless communication services, community services, video streaming services, femtocell application services, VoLTE (Voice over LTE) services, charging services, wireless on-demand services, roaming services, activity monitoring services, telecommunications carrier / communication NW selection services, function-limited services, PoC (Proof of Concept) services, personal information management services, ad hoc network / DTN (Delay Tolerant Networking) services, etc.

[0256] Furthermore, the UE categories described above are only examples of the application of the technical ideas and exemplary embodiments described in this document. Needless to say, these technical ideas and embodiments are not limited to the UEs described above and can be variously modified.

[0257] Various other modification examples will be apparent to those skilled in the art and will not be further described in detail here.

[0258] All or part of the exemplary embodiments disclosed above can be described, without limitation, as follows in the following appendices. (Appendix 1) A method performed by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving, from an access network node, for a plurality of time resources, first information indicating at least one of which time resources among the plurality of time resources are configured for uplink communication and which time resources among the plurality of time resources are configured for downlink communication; and second information for configuring communication in a plurality of time resources in a first frequency region; configuring, based on the second information, the bandwidth of the first frequency region to provide at least one frequency gap portion corresponding to a first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region and a second operating bandwidth of a corresponding second frequency region for a corresponding time resource among the plurality of time resources; and communicating with the access network node at a first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region for each of the plurality of time resources. A method as described above. (Appendix 2) ​​​The method according to Appendix 1, wherein the second information includes information indicating at least one time resource among a plurality of time resources for which the first operating bandwidth in the first frequency region should be reduced. (Appendix 3) The second information indicates that the first operating bandwidth of at least one time resource should be reduced from the high-frequency part of the first frequency region, or the first operating bandwidth of at least one time resource should be reduced from the low-frequency part of the first frequency region, or the first operating bandwidth of at least one time resource should be reduced from both the high-frequency part and the low-frequency part of the first frequency region, and includes information indicating at least one of the above, and is the method according to Appendix 1 or 2. (Appendix 4) The method according to any one of Appendices 1 to 3, wherein the second information identifies at least one time resource among a plurality of time resources to be used for full-duplex communication. (Appendix 5) The method according to Appendix 4, wherein configuring includes configuring a reduced bandwidth for at least one time resource indicated by the second information to be used for full-duplex communication with respect to the first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region for at least one other time resource among the plurality of time resources. (Appendix 6) The second information configures at least one time resource among a plurality of time resources for downlink communication, and when the first information indicates that at least one time resource configured by the second information for downlink communication is configured for uplink communication, configuring includes configuring a reduced bandwidth with respect to the first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region for at least one other time resource among the plurality of time resources, and is the method according to any one of Appendices 1 to 5. (Appendix 7) The second information constitutes at least one time resource among a plurality of time resources for uplink communication, When the first information indicates that at least one time resource among the plurality of time resources configured by the second information for uplink communication is configured for downlink communication, configuring includes configuring a reduced bandwidth with respect to a first operating bandwidth of a first frequency band in at least one other time resource among the plurality of time resources, The method according to any one of Appendices 1 to 6. (Appendix 8) The second information constitutes at least one time resource among a plurality of time resources for downlink communication in a first frequency band and for uplink communication in a second frequency band, Configuring includes providing at least one frequency gap portion corresponding to a first operating bandwidth of the first frequency band and a second operating bandwidth of the corresponding second frequency band for corresponding time resources among the plurality of time resources configured for downlink communication in the first frequency band and for uplink communication in the corresponding second frequency band, for both the bandwidths of the first frequency band and the corresponding second frequency band, The method according to any one of Appendices 1 to 7. (Appendix 9) The method according to any one of Appendices 1 to 8, wherein configuring is performed by reducing the first operating bandwidth of the first frequency band at both a high-frequency edge and a low-frequency edge of the first frequency band with respect to at least one time resource among the plurality of time resources. (Appendix 10) The method according to any one of Appendices 1 to 9, wherein the second information indicates a size of at least one frequency gap portion to be provided by configuring a bandwidth or an amount by which the first operating bandwidth of the first frequency band should be reduced. (Appendix 11) The method according to any one of Appendices 1 to 10, wherein the second information provides a resource allocation of a time resource among a plurality of time resources, and configuring comprises configuring a reduced bandwidth for the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided according to the first information. (Appendix 12) When the resource allocation is an uplink resource allocation and the first information indicates that the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided is configured for downlink communication, configuring comprises configuring a reduced bandwidth for the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided with respect to a first operating bandwidth of a first frequency region for at least one other time resource among the plurality of time resources, When the resource allocation is a downlink resource allocation and the first information indicates that the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided is configured for uplink communication, configuring comprises configuring a reduced bandwidth for the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided with respect to a first operating bandwidth of a first frequency region for at least one other time resource among the plurality of time resources, The method according to Appendix 11. (Appendix 13) When the first information does not indicate that the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided is configured for either downlink communication or uplink communication, configuring comprises configuring a reduced bandwidth for the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided with respect to a first operating bandwidth of a first frequency region for at least one other time resource among the plurality of time resources, The method according to Appendix 11 or 12. (Appendix 14) The method according to any one of Appendices 1 to 13, wherein the second information includes third information indicating a frequency configuration of a first frequency region to be applied to provide at least one frequency gap portion corresponding to a first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region and a second operating bandwidth of a corresponding second frequency region. (Appendix 15) The method according to appendix 14, which indicates that a different frequency configuration should be applied to the time resources configured for downlink communication than to the time resources configured for uplink communication for the third information. (Appendix 16) A method performed by a User Equipment (UE), the method comprising: Receiving signaling from an access network node, the signaling including indication information for indicating at least one time resource out of a plurality of time resources that should be used for full-duplex communication; Based on the indication information, determining resources within at least one time resource that should be used for full-duplex communication, where at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed or at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not transmitted, and communicating with the access network node based on the determination; The method comprising the above. (Appendix 17) The method according to appendix 16, where at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is at least one quasi-static uplink transmission and at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is at least one quasi-static downlink transmission. (Appendix 18) The method according to appendix 16 or 17, where at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is at least one dynamic uplink transmission and at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is at least one dynamic downlink transmission. (Appendix 19) Further comprising receiving quasi-static signaling configuration information for configuring quasi-static signaling; where the determination is based on the quasi-static signaling configuration information. At least one dynamic uplink transmission does not occur during at least a part of at least one downlink quasi-static signaling opportunity that occurs within at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication, or at least one dynamic downlink transmission does not occur during at least a part of at least one uplink quasi-static signaling opportunity that occurs within at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication including determining that the method according to Appendix 18. (Appendix 20) further including receiving, from an access network node, rate matching resource information indicating a rate matching resource for which rate matching of a dynamic uplink transmission or a dynamic downlink transmission should be performed before and after that, the method according to any one of Appendices 16 to 19. (Appendix 21) the method according to Appendix 20, wherein the rate matching resource information indicates a time resource to which a rate matching pattern should be applied. (Appendix 22) the method according to Appendix 20 or 21, wherein the rate matching resource information identifies different respective rate matching patterns for each of a plurality of Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) states or for each of a plurality of downlink beams. (Appendix 23) the method according to any one of Appendices 20 to 22, wherein the rate matching resource information indicates at least one downlink quasi-static signaling resource configuration for which uplink rate matching should be performed, or at least one uplink quasi-static signaling resource configuration for which downlink rate matching should be performed. (Appendix 24) Determining that at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed in a time resource that should be used for full-duplex communication, or determining that at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not transmitted in a time resource that should be used for full-duplex communication, the method according to any one of Appendices 16 to 23. (Appendix 25) The method according to any one of Appendices 16 to 18, wherein the indication information indicates that the time resource should be used for full-duplex communication by indicating that the time resource includes information for both uplink and downlink. (Appendix 26) The method according to any one of Appendices 16 to 25, further comprising receiving time resource configuration information that indicates, for a plurality of time resources, which of the plurality of time resources is configured for uplink communication and which of the plurality of time resources is configured for downlink communication. (Appendix 27) The indication information indicates that the time resource should be used for full-duplex communication, when the time resource is indicated to be configured for downlink communication by the time resource configuration information, by indicating that the time resource is an uplink time resource, when the time resource is indicated to be configured for uplink communication by the time resource configuration information, by indicating that the time resource is a downlink time resource The method according to Appendix 26. (Appendix 28) Determining based on the time resource configuration information, unless the time resource configuration information indicates that the time resource is configured for uplink communication, at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed in a time resource that should be used for full-duplex communication, or Unless the time resource configuration information indicates that the time resource is configured for downlink communication, at least a part of at least one downlink transmission should not be transmitted in a time resource that should be used for full-duplex communication. The method according to appendix 26 or 27, including determining. (Appendix 29) The method according to any one of appendices 16 to 28, wherein the signaling includes frequency domain information identifying a frequency domain to be used for uplink communication and a frequency domain to be used for downlink communication. (Appendix 30) Determining is based on the frequency domain information. When at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed or, when the resource bandwidth for at least a part of at least one uplink transmission extends beyond the bandwidth of the frequency domain to be used for uplink communication. When at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not transmitted when the resource bandwidth for at least a part of at least one uplink transmission extends beyond the bandwidth of the frequency domain to be used for downlink communication. The method according to appendix 28, including determining. (Appendix 31) Receiving a plurality of different resource configurations for uplink communication. Further including. Determining includes determining that at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed because the resource bandwidth for at least one uplink transmission extends beyond the bandwidth of the frequency domain to be used for uplink communication, and determining includes determining a resource configuration among a plurality of different resource configurations within the bandwidth of the frequency domain to be used for uplink communication for use in at least a part of at least one uplink transmission. The method according to appendix 30. (Appendix 32) The method according to any one of Appendices 16 to 31, wherein the signaling includes information indicating at least one frequency gap portion to be applied to a frequency domain to be used for uplink communication and a frequency domain to be used for downlink communication. (Appendix 33) The method according to any one of Appendices 16 to 32, wherein the signaling includes beam information indicating at least one beam where no uplink transmission is performed or at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not transmitted. (Appendix 34) Determining based on the beam information When the UE is connected to the access network node via a beam where no uplink transmission is performed, at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed, or When the UE is connected to the access network node via a beam where no downlink transmission is performed, at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not transmitted The method according to Appendix 33, including determining as such. (Appendix 35) Determining Based on the priority of at least one uplink transmission, at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed in time resources, or Based on the priority of at least a part of at least one downlink transmission, at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not transmitted in time resources The method according to any one of Appendices 16 to 34, including determining as such. (Appendix 36) A method performed by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising Receiving, from an access network node, information for instructing a modification to at least one frequency resource allocation to be applied in at least one time resource of a plurality of time resources to be used for full-duplex communication, for quasi-static signaling; Transmitting or receiving quasi-static signaling using at least one frequency resource allocation modified by the modification in at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication; A method comprising the above. (Appendix 37) The method according to Appendix 36, wherein the information for instructing the modification instructs at least one frequency resource allocation that allocates a frequency resource different from the frequency resource used for quasi-static signaling in at least one other time resource of the plurality of time resources. (Appendix 38) At least one frequency resource allocation includes a plurality of frequency regions; The information for instructing the modification instructs that at least one frequency region of the plurality of frequencies should be activated or deactivated during at least one time resource; The method according to Appendix 36 or 37. (Appendix 39) A method performed by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: Receiving, from an access network node, information for assisting in enhanced decoding of downlink information in a first portion of a first frequency region as compared to a second portion of the first frequency region, wherein the first frequency region is configured for downlink communication in at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource, the first portion of the first frequency region is closer in frequency to a second frequency region configured for uplink communication in at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource than the second portion of the first frequency region; Decoding downlink communication in a first part of a first frequency region and a second part of the first frequency region, wherein the first part of the first frequency region is decoded based on information for assisting extended decoding of downlink information A method comprising (Appendix 40) The method according to Appendix 39, wherein the information for assisting extended decoding of downlink information includes a coding rate to be used for downlink communication in a first part of the first frequency region that is different from a coding rate to be used for downlink communication in a second part of the first frequency region (Appendix 41) The method according to Appendix 39 or 40, wherein the information for assisting extended decoding of downlink information includes information for identifying an increased reference signal density in a first part of the first frequency region compared to a second part of the first frequency region (Appendix 42) The method according to any one of Appendices 39 to 41, wherein the information for assisting extended decoding of downlink information includes information for instructing the UE that the possibility of downlink signal degradation is higher in a first part of the first frequency region compared to a second part of the first frequency region (Appendix 43) The method according to any one of Appendices 39 to 42, wherein decoding downlink communication in a first part of the first frequency region includes discarding contributions from resource elements based on information for assisting extended decoding of downlink information (Appendix 44) The method according to any one of Appendices 39 to 43, wherein decoding downlink communication in a first part of the first frequency region includes extending channel estimation based on information for assisting extended decoding of downlink information (Appendix 45) A user equipment (UE), From an access network node, For a plurality of time resources, Which of the plurality of time resources is configured for uplink communication, and Which of the plurality of time resources is configured for downlink communication At least one of the first information indicating, Second information for configuring communication in a plurality of time resources in a first frequency region Means for receiving, Based on the second information, the bandwidth of the first frequency region is configured to provide at least one frequency gap portion corresponding to the first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region and the second operating bandwidth of the corresponding second frequency region for the corresponding time resource among the plurality of time resources. Means, Means for communicating with an access network node with the first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region for each of the plurality of time resources A UE comprising. (Appendix 46) A user equipment (UE) comprising: Means for receiving signaling including indication information for indicating at least one time resource among a plurality of time resources that should be used for full-duplex communication from an access network node; Based on the indication information, means for determining resources within at least one time resource that should be used for full-duplex communication in which at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed or at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not transmitted; Means for communicating with an access network node based on the determination; A UE comprising. (Appendix 47) A user equipment (UE) comprising: Means for receiving information for instructing a modification to at least one frequency resource allocation for quasi-static signaling to be applied in at least one time resource out of a plurality of time resources that should be used for full-duplex communication from an access network node; Means for transmitting or receiving quasi-static signaling using at least one frequency resource allocation modified by the modification in at least one time resource that should be used for full-duplex communication; A UE comprising the above. (Appendix 48) A user equipment (UE), Means for receiving, from an access network node, information for assisting in decoding downlink information in a first portion of a first frequency region that is extended compared to a second portion of the first frequency region, wherein the first frequency region is configured for downlink communication in at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource, wherein a first portion of the first frequency region is closer in frequency to a second frequency region configured for uplink communication in at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource than a second portion of the first frequency region; Means for decoding downlink communication in a first portion and a second portion of the first frequency region, wherein the first portion of the first frequency region is decoded based on information for assisting in extended decoding of downlink information; A UE comprising the above. (Appendix 49) A method performed by an access network node, the method comprising: For a user equipment (UE), Regarding a plurality of time resources, which time resource among the plurality of time resources is configured for uplink communication, and Which of the plurality of time resources is configured for downlink communication first information for indicating at least one of second information for configuring communication in a plurality of time resources in a first frequency region and transmitting, wherein the second information includes information for application in a UE to configure, based on the second information, the bandwidth of the first frequency region to provide at least one frequency gap portion corresponding to a first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region and a second operating bandwidth of a corresponding second frequency region for a corresponding time resource among the plurality of time resources, means; communicating with the UE at a first operating bandwidth of a first frequency region for each of the plurality of time resources and including, (Appendix 50) A method performed by an access network node, the method comprising: transmitting signaling to a user equipment (UE) including indication information for indicating at least one time resource among a plurality of time resources to be used for full-duplex communication, wherein the full-duplex indication information includes information for application in the UE to determine resources within at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication based on the indication information such that at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed or at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not transmitted, communicating with the UE based on the full-duplex indication information and including, (Appendix 51) A method performed by an access network node, the method comprising: To transmit information to a user equipment (UE) for instructing a modification to at least one frequency resource allocation to be applied in at least one time resource out of a plurality of time resources that should be used for full-duplex communication, To transmit or receive quasi-static signaling using at least one frequency resource allocation modified by the modification in at least one time resource that should be used for full-duplex communication A method comprising the above. (Appendix 52) A method performed by an access network node, the method comprising: To transmit information to a user equipment (UE) for assisting in decoding downlink information in a first portion of a first frequency region that is extended compared to a second portion of the first frequency region, The first frequency region is configured for downlink communication in at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource, A first portion of the first frequency region is closer in frequency to a second frequency region configured for uplink communication in at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource than a second portion of the first frequency region, The full-duplex indication information includes information for application in the UE for decoding downlink communication in a first portion and a second portion of the first frequency region, and the first portion of the first frequency region is decoded based on information for assisting in extended decoding of downlink information, A method comprising the above. (Appendix 53) An access network node, For a user equipment (UE), For a plurality of time resources, Which time resource out of the plurality of time resources is configured for uplink communication, and Which of the plurality of time resources is configured for downlink communication first information for indicating at least one of second information for configuring communication in a plurality of time resources in a first frequency region means for transmitting, wherein the second information includes information for application in a UE to configure, based on the second information, the bandwidth of the first frequency region to provide at least one frequency gap portion corresponding to a first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region and a second operating bandwidth of a corresponding second frequency region for a corresponding time resource among the plurality of time resources; means for communicating with the UE with a first operating bandwidth of a first frequency region for each of the plurality of time resources An access network node comprising. (Appendix 54) An access network node, means for transmitting signaling to a user equipment (UE) including full-duplex indication information for indicating at least one time resource among a plurality of time resources to be used for full-duplex communication, wherein the full-duplex indication information includes information for application in the UE to determine resources within at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication based on the full-duplex indication information, where at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed or at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not transmitted; means for communicating with the UE based on the full-duplex indication information An access network node comprising. (Appendix 55) An access network node, means for transmitting to a user equipment (UE) information for instructing a modification to at least one frequency resource allocation to be applied in at least one time resource of a plurality of time resources to be used for full-duplex communication, for quasi-static signaling to be applied in the at least one time resource; means for transmitting or receiving quasi-static signaling using at least one frequency resource allocation modified by the modification in at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication; An access network node comprising: (Appendix 56) An access network node, means for transmitting to a user equipment (UE) information for assisting in decoding downlink information in a first portion of a first frequency region that is extended compared to a second portion of the first frequency region, wherein the first frequency region is configured for downlink communication in at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource, wherein a first portion of the first frequency region is closer in frequency to a second frequency region configured for uplink communication in at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource than a second portion of the first frequency region, wherein the full-duplex indication information includes information for application in the UE for decoding downlink communication in the first portion and the second portion of the first frequency region, and the first portion of the first frequency region is decoded based on the information for assisting in extended decoding of the downlink information; An access network node comprising:

[0259] This application claims the benefit of priority based on UK Patent Application No. 2208069.1, filed on May 31, 2022, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

Description of Reference Numerals

[0260] 1 Mobile telecommunications system 3-1, 3-2, 3-3 User equipment 5 RAN (Radio Access Network) node 7 Core network 9 Cell 10 AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) 11 UPF (User Plane Function)

Claims

1. A method performed by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving, from an access network node, an indication for indicating at least one time resource out of a plurality of time resources to be used for full-duplex communication; determining, based on the indication, resources within the at least one time resource during which communication is not to be performed; and adjusting communication with the access network node based on the determination. A method as described above.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the communication includes semi-static uplink transmission and semi-static downlink transmission.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the communication includes dynamic uplink transmission and dynamic downlink transmission.

4. further comprising receiving semi-static signaling configuration information for configuring semi-static signaling, wherein the determining is based on the semi-static signaling configuration information, and includes determining that at least one dynamic uplink transmission is not performed during at least a part of at least one downlink semi-static signaling opportunity occurring within the at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication, or at least one dynamic downlink transmission is not performed during at least a part of at least one uplink semi-static signaling opportunity occurring within the at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication. The method according to claim 3.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising receiving, from the access network node, rate matching resource information for indicating rate matching resources for which rate matching of the communication is to be performed before and after.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the rate matching resource information indicates a time resource to which a rate matching pattern is to be applied.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the rate matching resource information identifies different respective rate matching patterns for each of a plurality of Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) states or for each of a plurality of downlink beams.

8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the rate matching resource information indicates at least one downlink quasi-static signaling resource configuration for which uplink rate matching should be performed, or at least one uplink quasi-static signaling resource configuration for which downlink rate matching should be performed.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the determining includes determining that at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed in time resources that should be used for full-duplex communication, or at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not performed in time resources that should be used for full-duplex communication.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the indicating indicates that a time resource should be used for full-duplex communication by indicating that the time resource includes information for both uplink and downlink.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising receiving time resource configuration information indicating which of the plurality of time resources is configured for uplink communication and which of the plurality of time resources is configured for downlink communication.

12. The indicating indicates that a time resource should be used for full-duplex communication, when the time resource is indicated to be configured for downlink communication by the time resource configuration information, by indicating that the time resource is an uplink time resource, when the time resource is indicated to be configured for uplink communication by the time resource configuration information, by indicating that the time resource is a downlink time resource The method according to claim 11.

13. The determining is based on the time resource configuration information, wherein the time resource configuration information is such that at least a part of at least one uplink transmission in time resources that should be used for full-duplex communication is not performed, unless the time resource is indicated to be configured for uplink communication, or Unless the time resource configuration information indicates that the time resource is configured for downlink communication, at least a part of at least one downlink transmission should not be performed in a time resource that should be used for full-duplex communication. The method according to claim 11 or 12, including determining that.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the signaling includes frequency region information for identifying a frequency region to be used for uplink communication and a frequency region to be used for downlink communication.

15. The determining is based on the frequency region information, when at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed if the resource bandwidth for at least a part of at least one uplink transmission extends beyond the bandwidth of the frequency region to be used for uplink communication, or when at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not performed if the resource bandwidth for at least a part of at least one uplink transmission extends beyond the bandwidth of the frequency region to be used for downlink communication The method according to claim 13, including determining that.

16. Further including receiving a plurality of different resource configurations for uplink communication and when the determining includes determining that at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed because the resource bandwidth for at least one uplink transmission extends beyond the bandwidth of the frequency region to be used for uplink communication, the determining includes determining a resource configuration among the plurality of different resource configurations within the bandwidth of the frequency region to be used for uplink communication for use in at least a part of at least one uplink transmission. The method according to claim 15.

17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the signaling includes information indicating at least one frequency portion to be applied to a frequency region to be used for uplink communication and a frequency region to be used for downlink communication.

18. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the signaling includes beam information indicating at least one beam in which uplink transmission is not performed or at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not performed.

19. wherein the determining is based on the beam information, when the UE is connected to the access network node via a beam in which uplink transmission is not performed, at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed, or when the UE is connected to the access network node via a beam in which downlink transmission is not performed, at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not performed The method according to claim 18, comprising determining as such.

20. wherein the determining is based on the priority of at least one uplink transmission, at least a part of at least one uplink transmission is not performed in time resources, or based on the priority of at least a part of at least one downlink transmission, at least a part of at least one downlink transmission is not performed in time resources The method according to any one of claims 1 to 19, comprising determining as such.

21. wherein the indication indicates a modification to at least one frequency resource allocation for quasi-static signaling to be applied in at least one time resource of a plurality of time resources to be used for full-duplex communication, and the adjusting includes communicating the quasi-static signaling using at least one frequency resource allocation modified by the modification in at least one time resource to be used for full-duplex communication, The method according to claim 1.

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the indication indicates at least one frequency resource allocation that allocates a frequency resource different from the frequency resource used for the quasi-static signaling in at least one other time resource of the plurality of time resources.

23. wherein the at least one frequency resource allocation includes a plurality of frequency regions, the indication instructs that at least one frequency region of the plurality of frequencies should be activated or deactivated during the at least one time resource The method according to claim 21 or 22

24. the indication is for a plurality of time resources which of the plurality of time resources is configured for uplink communication in the first frequency region, and which of the plurality of time resources is configured for downlink communication in the second frequency region at least one of the first information indicating and second information for configuring communication in at least one of the plurality of time resources of at least one of the first frequency region and the second frequency region including the determining is performed by configuring at least one frequency portion where no communication is performed for at least one of the plurality of time resources based on the second information the adjusting is performed by, for each of the plurality of time resources, adjusting communication with the access network node that uses a bandwidth corresponding to either the first frequency region or the second frequency region by at least not using respective bandwidths corresponding to the at least one frequency portion The method according to claim 1

25. The method according to claim 24, wherein the second information includes information indicating at least one of the plurality of time resources for which at least one of a first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region and a second operating bandwidth of the second frequency region should be reduced

26. The method according to claim 24 or 25, wherein the second information identifies all time resources for which full-duplex communication should be used and at least one of a first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region and a second operating bandwidth of the second frequency region should be reduced

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein the configuring includes configuring a reduced bandwidth with at least one of the first operating bandwidth and the second operating bandwidth for each of at least one of all time resources for which full-duplex communication should be used

28. The second information is indicated in any of the plurality of time resources in the first frequency region or the second frequency region. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 27. **Claim 29** The second information constitutes at least one time resource among the plurality of time resources for downlink communication. When the first information indicates that at least one of the time resources among the plurality of time resources configured by the second information for downlink communication is configured for uplink communication, the configuring includes configuring a reduced bandwidth with respect to the first operating bandwidth for at least one other time resource among the plurality of time resources. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 28. **Claim 30** The second information constitutes at least one time resource among the plurality of time resources for uplink communication. When the first information indicates that at least one of the time resources among the plurality of time resources configured by the second information for uplink communication is configured for downlink communication, the configuring includes configuring a reduced bandwidth with respect to the first operating bandwidth for at least one other time resource among the plurality of time resources. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 29. **Claim 31** The second information constitutes at least one time resource among the plurality of time resources for downlink communication in the first frequency region and for uplink communication in the second frequency region. The configuring includes configuring the bandwidths of both the first frequency region and the second frequency region to provide at least one frequency portion corresponding to at least one of the first operating bandwidth and the second operating bandwidth for at least one time resource among the plurality of time resources configured for downlink communication in the first frequency region and for uplink communication in the second frequency region. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 30. **Claim 32** The second information is The first operating bandwidth of the at least one time resource should be reduced from the high-frequency part of the first frequency region. The first operating bandwidth of the at least one time resource should be reduced from the low-frequency part of the first frequency region. The first operating bandwidth of the at least one time resource should be reduced from both the high-frequency part and the low-frequency part of the first frequency region. The second operating bandwidth of the at least one time resource should be reduced from the high-frequency part of the first frequency region. The second operating bandwidth of the at least one time resource should be reduced from the low-frequency part of the first frequency region, or The second operating bandwidth of the at least one time resource should be reduced from both the high-frequency part and the low-frequency part of the first frequency region. The method according to claim 25, comprising information indicating at least one of the above.

33. The second information is the size of the at least one frequency part for which the bandwidth should be provided by the configuring, or indicates the amount by which at least one of the first operating bandwidth and the second operating bandwidth should be reduced. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 32.

34. The second information provides a resource allocation to a time resource among the plurality of time resources, The configuring includes configuring a reduced bandwidth for the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided according to the first information. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 33.

35. When the resource allocation is an uplink resource allocation and the first information indicates that the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided in the second frequency region is configured for downlink communication, the configuring includes configuring the reduced bandwidth for the time resource for which the resource allocation is provided in the second frequency region with respect to the second operating bandwidth of the second frequency region. When the resource allocation is a downlink resource allocation, and the first information indicates that the time resource in which the resource allocation is provided in the first frequency region is configured for uplink communication, the configuring includes configuring the reduced bandwidth for the time resource in which the resource allocation is provided in the first frequency region with respect to a first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region. The method according to claim 34.

36. When the first information does not indicate that the time resource in which the resource allocation is provided is configured for either downlink communication or uplink communication, the configuring includes configuring the reduced bandwidth for the time resource in which the resource allocation is provided with respect to at least one of a first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region and a second operating bandwidth of the second frequency region. The method according to claim 34 or 35.

37. The method according to any one of claims 24 to 36, wherein the second information includes third information indicating a frequency configuration of the first frequency region to be applied to provide at least one frequency portion corresponding to at least one of a first operating bandwidth of the first frequency region and a second operating bandwidth of the second frequency region.

38. The method according to claim 37, wherein the third information indicates that a different frequency configuration should be applied to a time resource configured for uplink communication than to a time resource configured for downlink communication.

39. A method performed by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving, from an access network node, information for assisting in decoding specific downlink information in a first portion of the first frequency region, which is different from decoding downlink information in a second portion of the first frequency region; wherein the first frequency region is configured for downlink communication in at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource. the first part of the first frequency region is closer in frequency to a second frequency region configured for uplink communication in the at least one time resource configured as an all-duplex time resource than the second part of the first frequency region, and decoding downlink communication in the first part of the first frequency region and the second part of the first frequency region, wherein the first part of the first frequency region is decoded based on the information for assisting the specific decoding of downlink information, and A method comprising:

40. The method according to claim 39, wherein the information for assisting the specific decoding of downlink information includes a coding rate to be used for downlink communication in the first part of the first frequency region, which is different from a coding rate to be used for downlink communication in the second part of the first frequency region.

41. The method according to claim 39 or 40, wherein the information for assisting the specific decoding of downlink information includes information for identifying an increased reference signal density in the first part of the first frequency region compared to the second part of the first frequency region.

42. The method according to any one of claims 39 to 41, wherein the information for assisting the specific decoding of downlink information includes information for instructing the UE that the possibility of degradation of the downlink signal is higher in the first part of the first frequency region than in the second part of the first frequency region.

43. The method according to any one of claims 39 to 42, wherein decoding downlink communication in the first part of the first frequency region includes discarding contributions from resource elements based on the information for assisting the specific decoding of downlink information.

44. The method according to any one of claims 39 to 43, wherein decoding downlink communication in the first part of the first frequency region includes extending channel estimation based on the information for assisting the specific decoding of downlink information.

45. A user equipment (UE), Means for receiving an indication from an access network node for indicating at least one time resource out of a plurality of time resources to be used for full-duplex communication; Means for determining, based on the indication, a resource within the at least one time resource in which communication is not to be performed; Means for adjusting communication with the access network node based on the determination; A UE comprising the above.

46. A user equipment (UE), Means for receiving, from an access network node, information for assisting specific decoding of downlink information in a first portion of the first frequency region, which is different from decoding of downlink information in a second portion of the first frequency region, wherein the first frequency region is configured for downlink communication in at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource, the first portion of the first frequency region is closer in frequency to a second frequency region configured for uplink communication in the at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource than the second portion of the first frequency region; Means for decoding downlink communication in the first portion and the second portion of the first frequency region, wherein the first portion of the first frequency region is decoded based on the information for assisting the specific decoding of the downlink information; A UE comprising the above.

47. A method performed by an access network node, the method comprising: Transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), an indication for indicating at least one time resource out of a plurality of time resources to be used for full-duplex communication, wherein the indication includes information for being applied in the UE for determining a resource within the at least one time resource in which communication is not to be performed based on the indication; Adjusting communication with the UE based on the indication. A method comprising the above.

48. A method performed by an access network node, the method comprising: To transmit information to a user equipment (User Equipment, UE) to assist in specific decoding of downlink information in a first part of the first frequency region, which is different from decoding of downlink information in a second part of the first frequency region, wherein the first frequency region is configured for downlink communication in at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource, wherein the first part of the first frequency region is closer in frequency to a second frequency region configured for uplink communication in the at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource than the second part of the first frequency region, wherein the full-duplex indication information includes information for application in the UE to decode downlink communication in the first part and the second part of the first frequency region, and the first part of the first frequency region is decoded based on the information for assisting in the specific decoding of the downlink information, A method comprising the above.

49. An access network node, means for transmitting an indication to a user equipment (User Equipment, UE) to indicate at least one time resource out of a plurality of time resources to be used for full-duplex communication, wherein the indication includes information for application in the UE to determine resources within the at least one time resource in which no communication is to be performed based on the indication, means for adjusting communication with the UE based on the indication An access network node comprising the above.

50. An access network node, means for transmitting information to a user equipment (User Equipment, UE) to assist in specific decoding of downlink information in a first part of the first frequency region, which is different from the downlink information in a second part of the first frequency region, wherein the first frequency region is configured for downlink communication in at least one time resource configured as a full-duplex time resource, The first part of the first frequency region is close in frequency to a second frequency region configured for uplink communication in the at least one time resource configured as an all-duplex time resource, rather than the second part of the first frequency region. The full-duplex indication information includes information for application in the UE for decoding downlink communication in the first part of the first frequency region and the second part of the first frequency region, and the first part of the first frequency region is decoded based on the information for assisting the specific decoding of downlink information. An access network node comprising.

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