Soft Initial Access Channel Configuration

Abstract

This specification includes at least methods and apparatuses in which, according to exemplary embodiments of the invention, a user equipment determines to access a cell to trigger random access to the cell using an initial access configuration communicated by a network node of a communication network for performing operations such as data shower coverage for the user equipment, and the initial access configuration sequentially uses more than one pattern of at least one of a synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for at least one of synchronization acquisition, beam adjustment, and beam maintenance for access to the cell.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The teachings according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention generally relate to reducing beam refinement and synchronization latency for cell access, and more particularly to using a flexible initial access configuration to reduce beam refinement and synchronization latency for cell access.

Background Art

[0002] This section is intended to provide a background or context for the invention as recited in the claims. The description herein may include concepts that may be pursued but were not necessarily previously envisioned or pursued. Thus, unless otherwise indicated herein, what is described in this section is not prior art to the description and claims of this application and is not admitted to be prior art by virtue of its inclusion in this section.

[0003] Certain abbreviations that may be found in the description and / or figures are defined herein as follows. BS Base Station CORESET 0 Control Resource Set CSI-RS Channel State Information Reference Signal DL Downlink DS Data Shower gNB 5G Node B, Base Station IE Information Element IR Invention Report MCG Master Cell Group MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme MIB Master Information Block NR New Radio PBCH Physical Broadcast Channel PCell Primary Serving Cell PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel PL Path Loss PRACH Physical Random Access Channel RA Random Access RAN Radio Access Network RAT Radio Access Technology SCell Secondary Cell SCG Secondary Cell Group SIB System Information Block SS Synchronization Signal SSB SS / PBCH Block THz Terahertz UE User Equipment UL Uplink VLC Visible Light Communication WI Work Item 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project

[0004] The situation of 6G wireless systems is currently in the early stages of development, but it is already clear that one of the main focuses is on supporting rate-hungry future scenarios such as the ubiquitous penetration of extended reality (XR) systems, holographic telepresence, and collective driving by autonomous robots.

[0005] Regarding the extremely high data rates to be supported, 6G systems are expected to complement existing sub-5 GHz and millimeter-wave connectivity options with wireless communication at frequencies above 71 GHz. These new connectivity options will feature a large portion of continuous spectrum and thus enable significantly higher data rates than those provided at 5 GHz (FR1), 28 GHz (FR2), or 60 GHz (FR2-2) recently adopted.

[0006] However, one of the challenges in enabling wireless at frequencies above 71 GHz and moving towards the sub-THz (< 300 GHz), and ultimately THz (> 300 GHz) and visible light communication (VLC) regions, is the limited effective communication range.

[0007] Exemplary embodiments of the invention disclosed herein function to address at least some of these challenges. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0008] This section includes examples of possible embodiments and is not meant to be limiting.

[0009] In an exemplary aspect of the invention, there is an apparatus such as a user equipment side apparatus, including at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code being configured to, using the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least determine that a user equipment accesses a cell to trigger random access to the cell by the user equipment to a communication network, wherein the random access uses an initial access configuration communicated by a network node of the communication network, and the initial access configuration sequentially uses more than one pattern of at least one of a synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for at least one of synchronization acquisition, beam adjustment, and beam maintenance for access to the cell, determine, and perform random access to the cell based on the initial access configuration.

[0010] In another exemplary aspect of the invention, a user equipment of a communication network determines to access a cell to trigger a random access to the cell, wherein the random access uses an initial access configuration communicated by a network node of the communication network, and the initial access configuration sequentially uses more than one pattern of at least one of a synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for at least one of synchronization acquisition, beam adjustment, and beam maintenance for access to the cell, determining, and based on the initial access configuration, performing a random access to the cell.

[0011] Further exemplary embodiments are apparatuses and methods including the apparatuses and methods of the previous paragraph, where a network node includes a primary serving cell, the cell includes a sub-terahertz secondary cell, access to the sub-terahertz secondary cell is to perform data shower coverage for a user equipment, access to the sub-terahertz secondary cell is to perform data shower coverage for a user equipment, the decision to access the sub-terahertz secondary cell is based on an instruction from the network node, access to the sub-terahertz secondary cell is to perform data shower coverage for a user equipment, more than one pattern is sequentially switched based on at least one of a set time window, expiration of a timer, or receiving a predefined message from the network node, the decision is based on at least one of lower layer path loss or measurement, position, speed, or direction reported from the user equipment to the network node, more than one pattern includes at least a first configuration used for the user equipment to capture synchronization with the cell and read a physical broadcast channel, the first configuration includes at least one of a synchronization signal block transmission having a first period or a configuration for a first time window, the initial position of a subset of the synchronization signal blocks of the synchronization signal block transmission provides more than one pattern of initial synchronization patterns, the positions of the subset of the synchronization signal blocks of the synchronization signal block transmission occur at a higher density while the interval of the synchronization signal block transmission remains standardized, with an interval and number shorter than other synchronization signal block patterns of the communication network, beam maintenance is to use a synchronization maintenance pattern, more than one pattern includes at least a second configuration including a configuration for a second time window used for synchronization signal block transmission having a second period and beam adjustment, based on a switch to a synchronization signal block pattern and a channel state information reference signal pattern provided by the network node after random access, a beam adjustment is determined, and the switch isOccurs at the end of the first time window or when the user equipment receives a predefined message from the network, and determining beam adjustment includes utilizing a second configuration that includes transmitting a synchronization signal block having a second period and configuration, where the second period occurs at intervals and a number of times greater than other synchronization signal block transmissions of the communication network, the second period is longer than the first period, more than one pattern includes at least a third configuration, after determining the beam adjustment, utilizing a synchronization signal block having a second period and configuration for beam adjustment and a third configuration for transmitting a channel state information reference signal, the channel state information reference signal pattern is dense enough to determine beam adjustment, the dense channel state information reference signal pattern includes at least one of a beam sweep at a full 1 / 10 or 1 / 100 interval or selection of a beam covering a large departure angle compared to other synchronization signal block patterns, the channel state information reference signal pattern provided at high density utilizes a timer to indicate the maximum duration of the first configuration related to the initial synchronization burst for a time derived based on the message timing for random access, the second configuration is used after the timer expires, more than one pattern includes at least one bitmap indicating at least one of ssb-InitialPositions or CSIRS-RefinementPositions, more than one pattern includes at least a third configuration for beam maintenance, the third configuration includes utilizing a third configuration for a synchronization signal block having at least one of transmitting a channel state information reference signal having a fourth period or a fifth period after determining the beam adjustment, the initial access configuration is received from the network node before random access and, based on the determination, indicates a suitable modulation and coding scheme for downlink data transmission in a random access message to the network node, and the downlink data transmission is received from the network node using an active modulation and coding scheme selection in response to the information received in the random access message and before reporting channel state information.,

[0012] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing program code, the program code being executed by at least one processor to at least perform the method described in the above paragraph.

[0013] In yet another exemplary aspect of the invention, a user equipment (UE10 in FIG. 5) of a communication network (network 1 in FIG. 5) determines (TRANS13D, MEM10B, PROG10C, and DP10A in FIG. 5) to access a cell in order for the user equipment to trigger a random access to the cell, the random access using an initial access configuration communicated (TRANS13D, MEM10B, PROG10C, and DP10A in FIG. 5) by a network node (NN12 and / or NN13 in FIG. 5) of the communication network, the initial access configuration using more than one pattern of at least one of a synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for at least one of synchronization acquisition, beam adjustment, and beam maintenance for access to the cell (TRANS13D, MEM10B, PROG10C, and DP10A in FIG. 5), there is an apparatus.

[0014] In an exemplary aspect of the invention according to the above paragraph, at least the means for determining, the means for communicating, and the means for using include a non-transitory computer-readable medium [MEM10B in FIG. 5] encoded with a computer program [PROG10C in FIG. 5] executable by at least one processor [DP10A in FIG. 5].

[0015] According to the exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, at least the means for determining, the means for communicating, and the means for using include a network interface and computer program code stored in a computer-readable medium and executed by at least one processor.

[0016] In another exemplary aspect of the invention, there is at least one processor and at least one non-transitory memory including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to cause the at least one processor to perform at least: determining that a user equipment accesses a cell to trigger a random access to the cell for the user equipment by a network node of a communication network; and based on the determining, transmitting an initial access configuration to the user equipment to trigger a random access to the cell for the user equipment, and the initial access configuration sequentially uses more than one pattern of at least one of a data shower cell synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for at least one of synchronization capture, beam adjustment, and beam maintenance for access to the cell, such as a network-side device.

[0017] In yet another exemplary aspect of the invention, there is a method including: determining, by a network node of a communication network, that a user equipment accesses a cell to trigger a random access to the cell for the user equipment; and based on the determining, transmitting an initial access configuration to the user equipment to trigger a random access to the cell for the user equipment, and the initial access configuration sequentially uses more than one pattern of at least one of a data shower cell synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for at least one of synchronization capture, beam adjustment, and beam maintenance for access to the cell.

[0018] Further exemplary embodiments are apparatuses and methods including the apparatuses and methods of the previous paragraph, wherein a network node includes a primary serving cell, a cell includes a sub-terahertz secondary cell, an initial access configuration is received from the network node through a frequency band lower than the frequency band of the cell, an initial access channel configuration is communicated by the network node through a frequency band lower than the frequency band of the cell, access to the sub-terahertz secondary cell is to perform data shower coverage for a user equipment, more than one pattern is sequentially switched based on at least one of a set time window, expiration of a timer, or a predefined message from the network node, determining is based on at least one of a lower layer path loss report or measurement, position, speed, or direction reported from the user equipment, more than one pattern is sequentially switched based on at least one of a set time window, expiration of a timer, or a predefined message from the network node, more than one pattern includes at least a first configuration used for the user equipment to capture synchronization with the cell and read a physical broadcast channel, the first configuration includes at least one of a synchronization signal block transmission having a first period or a configuration for a first time window, an initial position of a subset of synchronization signal blocks of the synchronization signal block transmission provides more than one pattern of initial synchronization patterns, a position of a subset of synchronization signal blocks of the synchronization signal block transmission occurs at a higher density while the interval of the synchronization signal block transmission remains standardized, occurs at a shorter interval and number than other synchronization signal block patterns of the communication network, after a random access procedure by the user equipment to the sub-terahertz secondary cell, determining a beam adjustment based on a switch to a synchronization signal block pattern and a channel state information reference signal pattern provided by the network node, the switch occurs at the end of the first time window or when the user equipment receives a predefined message from the network, and determining the beam adjustment isIncluding using a second configuration that includes the transmission of a synchronization signal block having a second period and configuration, where the second period occurs at a greater interval and number than other synchronization signal block transmissions in the communication network, the second period is longer than the first period, after the determination of beam adjustment, a synchronization signal block having a second period and configuration for beam adjustment and a third configuration for the transmission of channel state information reference signals are utilized, the channel state information reference signal pattern is made dense enough to determine beam adjustment, the dense channel state information reference signal pattern includes at least one of a beam sweep at a full 1 / 10 or 1 / 100 interval, or the selection of a beam that covers a large departure angle compared to other synchronization signal block patterns, the channel state information reference signal pattern provided at a high density utilizes a timer to indicate the maximum duration of the first configuration related to the initial synchronization burst for a time derived based on the message timing for random access, the second configuration is used after the timer expires, more than one pattern includes at least one bitmap indicating at least one of ssb-InitialPositions or CSIRS-RefinementPositions, more than one pattern includes at least the third configuration for beam maintenance, the third configuration includes using a third configuration for a synchronization signal block having at least one of the transmissions of channel state information reference signals having a fourth period, or a fifth period, after the determination of beam adjustment, the initial channel configuration is communicated by the network node before random access, the initial access channel configuration is communicated based on a suitable modulation and coding scheme that carries the system information block in the physical uplink shared channel of message 3 communicated from the user equipment to the network node, the initial access channel configuration is communicated by the network node to the user equipment using an active modulation and coding scheme selection in response to the information received in message 3 and before channel state information reporting, receives a suitable modulation and coding scheme for downlink data transmission in the random access message from the user equipment, and the downlink data transmission is in response to the information received in the random access message.It is received using an active modulation and coding scheme selection prior to reporting channel state information.

[0019] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing program code, the program code being executable by at least one processor to at least perform the method described in the above paragraph.

[0020] In yet another exemplary aspect of the invention, a user equipment (UE10 in FIG. 5) accesses a cell to trigger random access to a cell for the user equipment by a network node (NN12 and / or NN13 in FIG. 5) of a communication network (network 1 in FIG. 5) (TRANS12D and / or TRANS13D, MEM12B and / or MEM13B, PROG12C and / or PROG13C, and DP12A and / or DP13A in FIG. 5), means for determining, and based on the determination, transmitting an initial access configuration to the user equipment to trigger random access to the cell to perform data shower coverage for the user equipment (TRANS12D and / or TRANS13D, MEM12B and / or MEM13B, PROG12C and / or PROG13C, and DP12A and / or DP13A in FIG. 5), means for determining, and the initial access configuration sequentially uses more than one pattern of at least one of a data shower cell synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for at least one of synchronization capture, beam adjustment, and beam maintenance for access to the cell (TRANS12D and / or TRANS13D, MEM12B and / or MEM13B, PROG12C and / or PROG13C, and DP12A and / or DP13A in FIG. 5), there is an apparatus.

[0021] In an exemplary aspect of the invention according to the above paragraph, at least the means for determining, the means for transmitting, and the means for using include a non-transitory computer-readable medium [MEM12B and / or MEM13B in FIG. 5] encoded with a computer program [PROG12C and / or PROG13C in FIG. 5] executable by at least one processor [DP12A and / or DP13C in FIG. 5].

[0022] According to the exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, at least the means for determining, the means for transmitting, and the means for using include a network interface and computer program code stored in a computer-readable medium and executed by at least one processor.

[0023] In yet another exemplary aspect of the invention, there is a device such as a network-side device that includes at least one processor and at least one non-transitory memory including computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to cause the device to perform at least, using the at least one processor, determining that a user equipment accesses a cell by a cell of a communication network, and based on the determining, triggering a random access to the cell for the user equipment to perform data shower coverage for the user equipment, and receiving an initial access channel configuration, wherein the initial access channel configuration sequentially uses more than one pattern of at least one of a data shower cell synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for beam adjustment and synchronization acquisition for access and activation of the cell for data shower coverage.

[0024] In yet another exemplary aspect of the invention, a cell of a communication network determines that a user equipment accesses the cell, and based on the determination, triggers a random access to the cell for the user equipment to perform data shower coverage for the user equipment, and receives an initial access channel configuration, where the initial access channel configuration sequentially uses more than one pattern of at least one of a data shower cell synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for beam adjustment and synchronization capture for access and activation of the cell for data shower coverage.

[0025] Further exemplary embodiments are apparatuses and methods including the apparatuses and methods of the previous paragraph, wherein a cell includes a sub-terahertz secondary cell, access to the sub-terahertz secondary cell is to perform data shower coverage for a user equipment, access to the sub-terahertz secondary cell is to perform data shower coverage for a user equipment, an initial access channel configuration is communicated from a network node of a communication network through a frequency band lower than the frequency band of the cell, more than one pattern is sequentially switched based on at least one of a set time window, expiration of a timer, or a predefined message from the network node, more than one pattern is sequentially switched based on at least one of a set time window, expiration of a timer, or a predefined message from the network node, determination is based on at least one of a lower layer path loss report or measurement, position, speed, or direction reported from the user equipment, more than one pattern includes at least a first configuration used for the user equipment to capture synchronization with the cell and read a physical broadcast channel, the first configuration includes at least one of a synchronization signal block transmission having a first period or a configuration for a first time window, an initial position of a subset of the synchronization signal blocks of the synchronization signal block transmission provides more than one pattern of initial synchronization patterns, positions of the subset of the synchronization signal blocks of the synchronization signal block transmission occur at a shorter interval and number than other synchronization signal block patterns of the communication network so that they occur at a higher density while the interval of the synchronization signal block transmission remains standardized, after a random access procedure by the user equipment to the cell, a beam adjustment is determined based on a switch to a synchronization signal block pattern and a channel state information reference signal pattern provided by the network node, the switch occurs at the end of the first time window or when the user equipment receives a predefined message from the network, and determination of the beam adjustment isIncluding using a second configuration that includes transmitting a synchronization signal block having a second period and configuration, wherein the second period occurs at a greater interval and number than other synchronization signal block transmissions in the communication network, the second period is longer than the first period, after a beam adjustment decision, a third configuration for transmitting a synchronization signal block and a channel state information reference signal having a second period and configuration for the beam adjustment is utilized, the channel state information reference signal pattern is made dense enough to determine a beam adjustment, the dense channel state information reference signal pattern includes at least one of a beam sweep at a full 1 / 10 or 1 / 100 interval, or selection of a beam covering a large departure angle compared to other synchronization signal block patterns, the dense channel state information reference signal pattern utilizes a timer to indicate the maximum duration of the first configuration related to the initial synchronization burst for a time derived based on the message timing for random access, the second configuration is used after the timer expires, more than one pattern includes at least one bitmap indicating at least one of ssb-InitialPositions or CSIRS-RefinementPositions, more than one pattern includes at least the third configuration for beam maintenance, the third configuration includes utilizing a third configuration for a synchronization signal block having at least one of transmitting a channel state information reference signal having a fourth period, or a fifth period after a beam adjustment decision, the initial access channel configuration is communicated by a network node in response to random access, the initial access channel configuration is communicated based on a modulation and coding scheme suitable for carrying a system information block in a message 3 physical uplink shared channel communicated from a user equipment to the network node, the initial access channel configuration uses an active modulation and coding scheme selection in response to information received in message 3 and before channel state information reporting.,

[0026] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing program code, the program code being executed by at least one processor to at least perform the method described in the above paragraph.

[0027] In yet another exemplary aspect of the invention, means for a user equipment (UE10 in FIG. 5) to determine to access a cell by a cell of a communication network (network 1 in FIG. 5) (TRANS12D and / or TRANS13D, MEM12B and / or MEM13B, PROG12C and / or PROG13C, and DP12A and / or DP13A in FIG. 5), and based on the determination, means for the user equipment to trigger a random access to the cell to perform data shower coverage for the user equipment (TRANS12D and / or TRANS13D, MEM12B and / or MEM13B, PROG12C and / or PROG13C, and DP12A and / or DP13A in FIG. 5) to receive an initial access channel configuration (TRANS12D and / or TRANS13D, MEM12B and / or MEM13B, PROG12C and / or PROG13C, and DP12A and / or DP13A in FIG. 5), wherein the initial access channel configuration sequentially uses more than one pattern of at least one of a data shower cell synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for beam adjustment and synchronization acquisition for access and activation of the cell for data shower coverage (TRANS12D and / or TRANS13D, MEM12B and / or MEM13B, PROG12C and / or PROG13C, and DP12A and / or DP13A in FIG. 5), there is an apparatus.

[0028] In an exemplary aspect of the invention according to the above paragraph, at least the means for determining, the means for receiving, the means for triggering, and the means for using include a non-transitory computer-readable medium [MEM12B and / or MEM13B in FIG. 5] encoded with a computer program [PROG12C and / or PROG13C in FIG. 5] executable by at least one processor [DP12A and / or DP13C in FIG. 5].

[0029] According to the exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, at least the means for determining, the means for receiving, the means for triggering, and the means for using include a network interface and computer program code stored in a computer-readable medium and executed by at least one processor.

[0030] The communication system includes a network-side device and a user equipment-side device that at least perform the operations described above.

[0031] The above and other aspects, features, and advantages of various embodiments of the present disclosure will become more fully apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, like reference numerals are used to indicate like or equivalent elements. The drawings are shown to facilitate a better understanding of the embodiments of the disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0032]

Figure 1

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Figure 3

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Figure 6A

Figure 6B

Figure 6C

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0033] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, at least a method and a device for reducing the delay of beam adjustment and synchronization for cell access using a flexible initial access configuration are provided.

[0034] Similar to the above, the situation of the 6G wireless system is in the initial stage of current development, but it is clear that one of the main focuses is on supporting rate-hungry future scenarios such as the ubiquitous penetration of extended reality (XR) systems, holographic telepresence, and co-driving by autonomous robots.

[0035] Therefore, regarding the high data rates to be supported, the 6G system is expected to supplement existing sub-5GHz and millimeter-wave connectivity options with wireless communication at frequencies above 71GHz. These new connectivity options will feature a large portion of the continuous spectrum and thus enable significantly higher data rates than those provided at 5GHz (FR1), 28GHz (FR2), or 60GHz (FR2-2) adopted in recent years.

[0036] However, one of the challenges in enabling wireless at frequencies above 71GHz and moving towards the sub-THz (<300GHz), ultimately THz (>300GHz), and visible light (VLC) regions is that the effective communication range is limited.

[0037] Therefore, at least the first generation of these systems is not expected to fully cover large areas, but rather to provide sporadic coverage at strategically selected locations with high-density and / or high-traffic UEs. The latter leads to considering extremely high-rate but relatively short-range access points (APs) for wireless access above 71 GHz as one of the possible use cases, namely "data shower" (DS) or "information shower".

[0038] One of the challenges in utilizing data shower is the relatively short contact time between a moving UE and the DS, i.e., the time the UE is within the DS coverage. In certain practical scenarios, such as for a moving connected vehicle and an information shower at an intersection, the contact time can be as short as a few seconds. In this case, the contact time should be effectively utilized by minimizing the signaling overhead when connecting to / disconnecting from the AP, and thus maximizing the portion of the resources designated for transferring most of the data at extremely high rates.

[0039] To improve coverage and throughput, it is also envisioned that sub-THz and higher-frequency DSs operate with narrow beams of a small degree of width. On the other hand, narrow beams will further complicate the initial access as well as the beam acquisition and adjustment phases.

[0040] Therefore, it is desirable to reduce the time and resources required to support the initial access procedure and the channels with DS.

[0041] FIG. 5 shows a high-level block diagram of various devices used to implement various aspects of the invention.

[0042] Before describing exemplary embodiments of the invention in detail, reference is made to FIG. 5, which shows a simplified block diagram of various electronic devices suitable for use in practicing exemplary embodiments of the invention.

[0043] FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of one possible non-limiting exemplary system in which exemplary embodiments of the invention may be practiced. In FIG. 5, a user equipment (UE) 10 is in wireless communication with a wireless network 1 of FIG. 5 or network 1. The wireless network 1 of FIG. 5 or network 1 may include a communication network, such as a mobile network, e.g., the mobile network 1 or the first mobile network disclosed herein. Any reference herein to the wireless network 1 of FIG. 5 may be seen as a reference to any wireless network disclosed herein. Further, the wireless network 1 of FIG. 5 may also include hardwired functions as may be required by a communication network. The UE is a wireless, typically mobile device that can access a wireless network. The UE may be, for example, a cellular phone (or what is called a "cellular" phone) and / or a computer having mobile terminal capabilities. For example, the UE or mobile terminal may also be a portable, pocket-sized, handheld, computer-embedded or in-vehicle mobile device and perform language signaling and / or data exchange with the RAN.

[0044] UE10 includes one or more processors DP10A, one or more memories MEM10B, and one or more transceivers TRANS10D interconnected through one or more buses. Each of the one or more transceivers TRANS10D includes a receiver and a transmitter. The one or more buses may be an address bus, a data bus, or a control bus, and may include any interconnect mechanism such as a series of wirings on a motherboard or integrated circuit, an optical fiber, or other optical communication devices. Each of the one or more transceivers TRANS10D may optionally be connected to one or more antennas for communication with NN12 and NN13. The one or more memories MEM10B include computer program code PROG10C. UE10 communicates with NN12 and / or NN13 via wireless link 11 or 14.

[0045] NN12 (NR / 5G Node B, evolved NB, or LTE device) is a network node such as a master or secondary node base station that communicates with devices such as NN13 and UE10 in FIG. 5 (e.g., for NR or LTE Long Term Evolution). NN12 provides access to wireless network 1 to wireless devices such as UE10. NN12 includes one or more processors DP12A, one or more memories MEM12B, and one or more transceivers TRANS12D interconnected through one or more buses. According to an exemplary embodiment, these TRANS12D may include X2 and / or Xn interfaces used to implement exemplary embodiments of the invention. Each of the one or more transceivers TRANS12D includes a receiver and a transmitter. The one or more transceivers TRANS12D may optionally be connected to one or more antennas for communication with UE10 via at least link 11. The one or more memories MEM12B and computer program code PROG12C are configured to cause one or more of the processors DP12A to perform one or more of the operations described herein on NN12. NN12 may communicate with another gNB or eNB, or a device such as NN13, via link 14 or the like. Further, link 11, link 14, and / or any other link may be wired or wireless, or both, and may implement, for example, an X2 or Xn interface. Further, link 11 and / or link 14 may pass through other network devices such as, but not limited to, the devices of NCE / MME / SGW / UDM / PCF / AMF / SMF / LMF14 in FIG. 5. NN12 may perform functions of an MME (Mobility Management Entity) or SGW (Serving Gateway), such as user plane functions and / or LTE access management functions and 5G similar functions.

[0046] NN13 may be associated with a mobility function device such as an AMF or an SMF. Further, NN13 communicates with devices such as NN12 and / or UE10 and / or a wireless network 1, and may include an NR / 5G node B such as a master or secondary node base station (for example, for NR or LTE long term evolution) or perhaps an evolved NB base station. NN13 includes one or more processors DP13A, one or more memories MEM13B, one or more network interfaces, and one or more transceivers TRANS13D interconnected through one or more buses. According to an exemplary embodiment, these network interfaces of NN13 may include X2 and / or Xn interfaces used to implement an exemplary embodiment of the invention. Each of the one or more transceivers TRANS13D includes a receiver and a transmitter, and the receiver and transmitter may be optionally connected to one or more antennas. The one or more memories MEM13B include computer program code PROG13C. For example, the one or more memories MEM13B and the computer program code PROG13C are configured to cause one or more of the operations described herein to be performed by NN13 using one or more processors DP13A. NN13 may communicate with another mobility function device such as NN12 and UE10 or any other device, and / or an eNB, using, for example, link 11 or link 14 or another link. Link 14 shown in FIG. 5 may be used for communication between NN12 and NN13. These links may be wired or wireless, or both, and may implement, for example, an X2 or Xn interface. Further, as described above, link 11 and / or link 14 may pass through other network devices, such as, but not limited to, NCE / MME / SGW devices such as NCE / MME / SGW / UDM / PCF / AMF / SMF / LMF14 in FIG. 5.

[0047] One or more buses of the device of FIG. 5 may be an address bus, a data bus, or a control bus, and may include any interconnect mechanism such as a series of wirings on a motherboard or integrated circuit, optical fibers, or other optical communication devices, wireless channels, etc. For example, one or more transceivers TRANS12D, TRANS13D, and / or TRANS10D may be implemented as a remote radio head (RRH), other elements of NN12 are physically located differently from the RRH, and these devices may include one or more buses that can be partially implemented as optical fibers capable of connecting other elements of NN12 to the RRH.

[0048] FIG. 5 shows network nodes such as NN12 and NN13, but note that any of these nodes may incorporate or be incorporated into an e-node B or eNB or gNB for LTE and NR etc., and can still be configured to implement an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

[0049] Also, the description in this specification indicates that a "cell" performs functions, but note that it should be clear that the gNB and / or user equipment and / or mobility management function device forming the cell perform the functions. In addition, a cell constitutes a part of a gNB, and there may be multiple cells per gNB. Further, note that the exemplary embodiments of the invention can be used in any type of wireless communication cell, such as but not limited to LTE, NR, terahertz, or sub-terahertz cells.

[0050] Wireless network 1 or any network that wireless network 1 may represent may or may not include NCE / MME / SGW / UDM / PCF / AMF / SMF / LMF14, which is the Network Control Element Function (NCE), the Mobility Management Entity (MME) / Serving Gateway (SGW) function, and / or the Serving Gateway (SGW), and / or the Mobility Management Entity (MME) and / or the Serving Gateway (SGW) function, and / or the User Data Management function (UDM), and / or the Policy Control function (PCF), and / or the Access and Mobility Management function (AMF) function, and / or the Session Management (SMF) function, and / or the Location Management function (LMF), and / or the Authentication Server (AUSF) function, and is configured to provide connectivity to additional networks such as a telephone network and / or a data communication network (e.g., the Internet) and, at the time of this application, to perform any 5G and / or NR operations in addition to or instead of other standard operations. NCE / MME / SGW / UDM / PCF / AMF / SMF / LMF14 can be configured to perform operations according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention in any of LTE, NR, 5G, and / or any standard-based communication technology being run or discussed at the time of this application. Additionally, note that operations according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention performed by NN12 and / or NN13 can also be performed in NCE / MME / SGW / UDM / PCF / AMF / SMF / LMF14.

[0051] NCE / MME / SGW / UDM / PCF / AMF / SMF / LMF14 includes one or more processors DP14A, one or more memories MEM14B, and one or more network interfaces (N / W I / F) interconnected through one or more buses coupled to link 13 and / or link 14. According to an exemplary embodiment, these network interfaces may include X2 and / or Xn interfaces used to implement an exemplary embodiment of the invention. One or more memories MEM14B include computer program code PROG14C. One or more memories MEM14B and computer program code PROG14C are configured to cause one or more processors DP14A to perform one or more operations that may be necessary to support the operation according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention in NCE / MME / SGW / UDM / PCF / AMF / SMF / LMF14.

[0052] Note that NN12 and / or NN13 and / or UE10 may be configured to perform the functions of a Location Management Function (LMF) (e.g., based on a standard implementation manner, etc.). The LMF function may be implemented in any of content consumer A, content consumer B, the dash server, and / or the content provider, or may be part of these network devices or other devices associated with these devices. Additionally, as will be described later, an LMF such as the LMF of MME / SGW / UDM / PCF / AMF / SMF / LMF14 in FIG. 5 may be co-located with UE10 so as to be separate from NN12 and / or NN13 in FIG. 5 in order to perform operations according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention disclosed herein.

[0053] Wireless network 1 may implement network virtualization, which is the process of combining hardware and software network resources and network functionality into a single software-based management entity, a virtual network. Network virtualization often involves platform virtualization, which is combined with resource virtualization in many cases. Network virtualization is categorized either as external, which combines many networks or parts of networks into virtual units, or internal, which provides network-like functionality to software containers on a single system. The virtualization entities resulting from network virtualization are also implemented at the same level using hardware such as processors DP10, DP12A, DP13A, and / or DP14A and memories MEM10B, MEM12B, MEM13B, and / or MEM14B, and it should be noted that such virtualization entities produce technical effects.

[0054] Computer-readable memories MEM12B, MEM13B, and MEM14B may be of any type suitable for the local technical environment and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as semiconductor-based memory devices, flash memories, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed and removable memories. Computer-readable memories MEM12B, MEM13B, and MEM14B may be means for performing the storage function. Processors DP10, DP12A, DP13A, and DP14A may be of any type suitable for the local technical environment and may include, by way of non-limiting example, one or more of a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), and a processor based on a multi-core processor architecture. Processors DP10, DP12A, DP13A, and DP14A may be means for performing functions such as controlling UE10, NN12, NN13, and other functions described herein.

[0055] As described above, it is desirable to reduce the time and resources required to support the initial access procedure and the channels having DS.

[0056] In a state-of-the-art design, IE ServingCellConfigCommon is used to configure cell-specific parameters of the serving cell of the UE. The IE includes parameters that the UE typically obtains from the SSB, MIB, or SIB when accessing the cell from IDLE. Using this IE, the network provides this information in dedicated signaling when configuring the UE in a secondary cell (SCell) or an additional cell group (SCG). It also provides that information to the SpCell (MCG and SCG) during reconfiguration with synchronization.

[0057] According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the BS providing the primary cell determines that the UE should attempt access to the sub-terahertz secondary cell, and then the UE attempts access to the sub-terahertz secondary cell (using the initial access configuration received from the primary cell).

[0058] According to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, the UE and the BS providing the secondary sub-terahertz cell determine whether the access of the UE to the secondary sub-terahertz cell is successful (during the random access process).

[0059] Furthermore, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the BS providing the primary cell indicates to the BS or network node controlling and providing the sub-terahertz secondary cell a UE suitable for accessing the sub-terahertz secondary cell.

[0060] In addition, the BS or network node controlling the sub-terahertz secondary cell determines an initial access configuration, and the initial access configuration is indicated to the UE via the primary cell before the UE attempts access to the sub-terahertz secondary cell.

[0061] FIG. 1 shows the ServingCellConfigCommon information element.

[0062] Regarding FIG. 1,

[0063] SSB-PositionsInBurst

[0064] ssb-PositionsInBurst indicates the time-domain position of the SS block transmitted in the half-frame with the SS / PBCH block, as defined in Section 4.1 of TS38.213. The first bit / leftmost bit corresponds to the SS / PBCH block index 0, the second bit corresponds to the SS / PBCH block index 1, and so on. A value of 0 in the bitmap indicates that the corresponding SS / PBCH block is not transmitted, and a value of 1 indicates that the corresponding SS / PBCH block is transmitted. The network configures this field with the same pattern as in the corresponding field of ServingCellConfigCommonSIB.

[0065] In the prior art at the time of this application, a single quasi-static SSB pattern is configured and the SSB position regarding the SSB index is fixed in time. It cannot support the proposed flexible behavior.

[0066] In addition, in the current NR system, the UE performs the following configurations before the UE can transmit data based on the reported CSI (including CQI). 1. The UE detects the SSB. 2. The UE determines the type-0 PDCCH configuration from the PCBH of the SSB. 3. The UE detects the type-0 PDCCH that carries the scheduling grant for the PDSCH carrying SIB1. 4. The UE determines the RACH configuration from SIB1. 5. The UE performs a random access to the cell. a. The UE transmits the PRACH preamble related to the selected SSB. b. The UE receives the RAR. c. The UE transmits a Msg3 PUSCH that carries an RRC connection request message. d. The UE receives a PDSCH that carries an RRC reconfiguration message. e. The UE transmits a HARQ-ACK. 6. The UE completes the RRC connection setup. 7. The UE receives a CSI-RS configuration from the gNB. 8. The UE performs CSI measurements and transmits a CSI report to the gNB. 9. The UE receives PDCCH + PDSCH from the gNB based on the reported CSI.

[0067] One of the problems or delays that occur in the current NR system is that the time until the UE can transmit data based on the reported CSI (e.g., including CQI) is relatively long.

[0068] One general procedure of the proposed flexible initial access channel configuration according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention is outlined below. 1. Cell access to the DS is provided only on the lower layer. 2. Only a few UEs are connected to the DS at any given time. 3. Mobility, connection, and control are handled by the lower layer. 4. The UE may trigger the DS cell SSB / beacon through a lower frequency band, or otherwise, the DS cell SSB / beacon may remain silent. ○ The trigger is determined by the gNB based on UE path loss, location, speed, and traffic. 5. After the UE triggers, ○ The SSB and CSI-RS have multiple modes or patterns that are used sequentially in time (see FIG. 1). ○ These are indicated to the UE before the initial access attempt.

[0069] Figure 2 shows a flexible synchronization signal block design. As shown in Figure 2, there are an initial SSB pattern including several SSB patterns and candidate beams, an initial CSI-RS pattern for an idle cell and a loaded DS cell having candidate beams, and a modified synchronization maintenance pattern for candidate beams. The time pattern is determined based at least on the period and time offset of the signal, and the time offset may be related to the frame or slot timing, or any other time reference used in the system. The configuration of the time pattern includes parameters for at least the period.

[0070] In particular, the following modifications to the SSB / CSI-RS configuration are proposed. · SSB / CSI-RS configuration according to the following · Whether the UE is the "first" UE on the sub-THz cell or the sub-THz cell is already serving other UEs · Which beam (and how many beams) is determined to be a candidate beam for the UE · When the cell is not in use or when there is only one or two UEs in the cell, a high-density synchronization burst or pattern is used. · SSB&CSI-RS is transmitted for a predetermined period or until the UE accesses the sub-THz cell. · After initial access, the SSB switches to the synchronization maintenance mode. In the synchronization maintenance mode, the SSB is transmitted on a more limited set of beams (based on UE feedback). · The SSB pattern is updated based on UE beam management. · All UEs have a dedicated configuration of the SSB in the maintenance mode (actual SSB transmission can of course be shared). · The SSB may be a signal block including at least one synchronization signal, and the CSI-RS may be a reference signal used for channel state measurement.

[0071] Furthermore, the following is proposed to facilitate CSI-based data transmission capabilities. ○ The UE provides the gNB with a suitable MCS in Msg3 PUSCH, and the UE can estimate a suitable MCS from the PDSCH carrying SIB1. ○ The gNB can start transmitting data to the UE using the MCS (aggressive MCS selection) based on the information received on Msg3 before reporting CSI reports immediately after the random access procedure.

[0072] By following these guidelines, the wireless system obtains at least the following advantages. · The average initial access time is shorter, and the time when the UE can transmit data based on the reported CSI is reduced. · The power consumption of the BS is reduced (i.e., when the BS does not transmit the SSB when there is no nearby UE).

[0073] Figure 3 shows a flowchart of one proposed solution according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. As shown in Figure 3, the flowchart is between the BS in a low-frequency Pcell (BS-Pcell) such as NN12 and / or NN13 in Figure 5 and the BS in a sub-THz Scell (BS-Scell), and the UE such as UE10 in Figure 5. As shown in step 1 of Figure 3, the BS-Pcell decides to configure and activate a sub-THz cell for the UE. As shown in step 2 of Figure 3, the BS-Pcell communicates with the UE a sub-THz configuration and an activation configuration including a UE-specific initial channel configuration. Then, as shown in step 3, UE10 performs synchronization and measurements for sub-THz cell random access, and the BS-Scell performs an SSB transmission having a first period and configuration for a first time window. In step 4 of Figure 3, the UE performs beam adjustment, and the BS-Scell performs an SSB transmission having a second period and a configuration including a high-density CSI-RS pattern for beam adjustment. Then, in step 5 of Figure 3, the UE performs synchronization and beam maintenance, and the BS-Scell performs an SSB and CSI-RS transmission having a second period and configuration.

[0074] It should be noted that the BSs for the low-frequency Pcell and the sub-THz Scell may be co-located. 1. The decision can be triggered based on a large amount of data transmitted to the UE and based on the preferred conditions or location of the UE with respect to the sub-THz BS. The preferred conditions can be identified based on lower-layer PL reports / measurements, UE location, speed, direction, etc. 2. The configuration message includes configurations for at least one or more of the synchronization signals, an initial channel providing at least a first part of the system information, a broadcast channel, a random access channel, and a downlink control channel. They may be, for example, SS, MIB, PBCH, PRACH, PDCCH, CORESET0. It includes multiple configurations for the SSB and CSI-RS that are used sequentially. 3. The BS transmits the SSB according to the first SSB pattern. This first SSB pattern is temporally dense, which means that the occurrence of SSB transmissions occurs at shorter intervals and the number of SSB transmissions per unit time is higher than that of other SSB patterns. For example, a dense SSB pattern may transmit a full beam sweep at 1 / 10 or 1 / 100 of a typical interval. Alternatively, dense may also mean that a larger departure angle is covered compared to other SSB patterns and a larger selection of beam directions is swept. The density may be further adjusted based on the load present for the cell. The UE captures synchronization with the cell and reads the PBCH based on the first SSB pattern. The UE performs random access. The UE may also report measurements to the PCell, especially if the random access fails. The SSB pattern has a predefined duration, which may also end upon successful random access by the UE. The SSB may also be limited to the direction in which the UE enters the cell (a set of gNB beams or antenna panel). In other words, the beam direction includes only a subset of the beam directions in which the SSB can be transmitted on the cell. In this alternative, only a subset of the SSB that covers the subset of the beam directions can be transmitted. Since the SSB can be transmitted only in a subset of the beam directions, these SSB transmissions in the beam directions occur at shorter intervals than other SSB patterns that include SSB for a larger set of beam directions, even if the interval between consecutive SSB transmissions in any beam direction remains the same for all of the SSB patterns. 4. After successful random access, the BS switches to an SSB pattern sufficient for synchronization maintenance but provides a high-density CSI-RS pattern for rapid beam adjustment. The synchronization maintenance beam pattern has fewer SSB occurrences and lower density within a certain time interval. Further, the synchronization maintenance beam pattern may sweep at a smaller departure angle limited to the current position of the UE. 5. After beam adjustment, both the SSB and CSI-RS are transmitted in a pattern sufficient for synchronization maintenance and beam management (subsequently, the pattern can be reconfigured such that SSB transmissions are limited to the beam serving the UE and promising candidate beams for beam switching). Note that the switching can occur at the end of the first time window or when the UE receives a predefined message or configuration message from the network. Further, the message can indicate a stage of random access, e.g., random access message 2, random access message 4, random access message B. The message indicates a stage of random access, e.g., random access message 2, random access message 4, random access message B. Note that the random access message can also be message 3 or message A.

[0075] Further details about step 2:

[0076] Step 2 Sub-THz cell configuration (see example in Figure 4):

[0077] ServingCellConfigCommon includes the following. · The legacy ssb-PositionsInBurst (64-bit) bitmap (0 - not transmitted / 1 - transmitted. Assume the number of 1s included in the bitmap is N) of the transmitted SSB pattern. This provides the synchronization maintenance pattern. · ssb-InitialPositions provides the initial synchronization pattern. · ssb-InitialPositions maps the SSB (and SSB index) of ssb-PositionsInBurst to a new time position used in the initial synchronization burst. · ssb-InitialPositions can be [1101001]. · For example, the end of the pattern is indicated by the N+1-th "1" on the bitmap. · The associated timer indicates the maximum duration of the initial synchronization burst with respect to a time derived, for example, based on the timing of the RRC message. · CSIRS-RefinementPositions provides additional time-limited (by a timer) resources for CSI-RS for fast DL beam adjustment. · A bitmap indicating special symbols on unused SSB positions that carry CSI-RS ports associated with the SSB related to the generation of the PRACH used by the UE. · The associated timer indicates the maximum duration with respect to a time derived, for example, based on the timing of the RA message 2. · CSIRS-RefinementPositions can be [100101001].

[0078] Figure 4 shows an example of a proposed flexible synchronization signal block configuration according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

[0079] As shown in Figure 4, there are SSB-PositionsInBurst including the SSB index and the initial position, and CSIRS-RefinementPositions including the received PRACH associated with the SSB index, and the SSB and special CSI-RS for synchronization and maintenance are transmitted according to a pattern.

[0080] Figures 6A, 6B, and 6C each show a method according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention that can be executed by a device.

[0081] FIG. 6A shows operations that can be performed by a device, such as but not limited to the UE 10 of FIG. 5. As shown in step 605 of FIG. 6A, a user equipment of a communication network determines to access a cell to trigger a random access of the user equipment to the cell. As shown in step 610 of FIG. 6A, the random access is using an initial access configuration communicated by a network node of the communication network. Then, as shown in step 615 of FIG. 6A, the initial access configuration is sequentially using more than one pattern of at least one of a synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for at least one of synchronization capture, beam adjustment, and beam maintenance for access to the cell.

[0082] According to an exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, the network node includes a primary serving cell, the cell includes a sub-terahertz secondary cell, and the initial access configuration is received from the network node through a frequency band lower than the frequency band of the cell.

[0083] According to an exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, the determination to access the sub-terahertz secondary cell is based on an indication from the network node, and the access to the sub-terahertz secondary cell is to perform data shower coverage for the user equipment.

[0084] According to an exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, more than one pattern is sequentially switched based on at least one of a set time window, expiration of a timer, or receiving a predefined message from the network node.

[0085] According to an exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, the determination is based on at least one of a lower layer path loss or measurement, location, speed, or direction reported from the user equipment to the network node.

[0086] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, more than one pattern includes at least a first configuration used for the user equipment to capture synchronization with the cell and to read the physical broadcast channel, and the first configuration includes at least one of a synchronization signal block transmission having a first period or a configuration regarding a first time window used for the user equipment to capture synchronization with the cell and to read the physical broadcast channel.

[0087] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, the initial positions of a subset of the synchronization signal blocks of the synchronization signal block transmission provide initial synchronization patterns of more than one pattern.

[0088] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, the positions of a subset of the synchronization signal blocks of the synchronization signal block transmission occur at shorter intervals and frequencies than other synchronization signal block patterns of the communication network so as to occur at a higher density.

[0089] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, based on the initial access configuration, random access to the cell is performed, and beam maintenance is to use a synchronized maintenance pattern.

[0090] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, more than one pattern includes at least a second configuration including a synchronization signal block transmission having a second period and a configuration regarding a second time window used for beam adjustment.

[0091] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, after random access, beam adjustment is determined based on a switch to a synchronization signal block pattern and a channel state information reference signal pattern provided by the network node.

[0092] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, the switching occurs at the end of the first time window or when the user equipment receives a predefined message from the network.

[0093] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, determining the beam adjustment includes utilizing a second configuration that includes transmitting a synchronization signal block having a second period and configuration.

[0094] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, the second period is longer than the first period.

[0095] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, more than one pattern includes at least a third configuration and, after determining the beam adjustment, utilizes a synchronization signal block having a second period and configuration for beam adjustment and a third configuration for transmitting a channel state information reference signal.

[0096] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, the channel state information reference signal pattern is dense enough to determine the beam adjustment, and the dense channel state information reference signal pattern includes at least one of a beam sweep at a full 1 / 10 or 1 / 100 interval or a selection of a beam covering a large departure angle compared to other synchronization signal block patterns.

[0097] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, the channel state information reference signal pattern provided at a high density utilizes a timer to indicate the maximum duration of the first configuration related to the initial synchronization burst for a time derived based on the message timing for random access, and the second configuration is used after the timer expires.

[0098] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, more than one pattern includes at least one bitmap indicating at least one of ssb-InitialPositions and CSIRS-RefinementPositions.

[0099] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, more than one pattern includes at least a third configuration for beam maintenance, and the third configuration uses a third configuration for a synchronization signal block having at least one of channel state information reference signal transmissions having a fourth period or a fifth period after a beam adjustment decision is made.

[0100] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, more than one pattern includes at least one bitmap indicating at least one of ssb-InitialPositions or CSIRS-RefinementPositions.

[0101] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, more than one pattern includes at least a third configuration for beam maintenance, and the third configuration uses a third configuration for a synchronization signal block having at least one of channel state information reference signal transmissions having a fourth period or a fifth period after a beam adjustment decision is made.

[0102] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, the initial access configuration is received from a network node before random access.

[0103] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, based on the determination, it indicates a suitable modulation and coding scheme for downlink data transmission in a random access message to a network node.

[0104] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, downlink data transmission is received from a network node using an active modulation and coding scheme selection in response to information received in a random access message and before channel state information reporting.

[0105] A non-transitory computer-readable medium (MEM10B in FIG. 5) stores program code (PROG10C in FIG. 5), and the program code is executed by at least one processor (DP10A in FIG. 5) to perform the operations described at least in the above paragraph.

[0106] According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention described above, means for determining by a user equipment (UE10 in FIG. 5) of a communication network (network 1 in FIG. 5) to access a cell to trigger a random access to the cell (TRANS13D, MEM10B, PROG10C, and DP10A in FIG. 5) is included, the random access using an initial access configuration communicated by a network node (NN12 and / or NN13 in FIG. 5) of the communication network (TRANS13D, MEM10B, PROG10C, and DP10A in FIG. 5), the initial access configuration sequentially using more than one pattern of at least one of a synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for at least one of synchronization acquisition, beam adjustment, and beam maintenance for access to the cell (TRANS13D, MEM10B, PROG10C, and DP10A in FIG. 5), there is an apparatus.

[0107] In an exemplary aspect of the invention according to the above paragraph, at least the means for determining, the means for communicating, and the means for using include a non-transitory computer-readable medium (MEM10B in FIG. 5) encoded with a computer program (PROG10C in FIG. 5) executable by at least one processor [DP10A in FIG. 5].

[0108] FIG. 6B shows operations that may be performed by a network device such as, but not limited to, network node NN12 or NN13 or eNB or gNB of FIG. 5. As shown in step 630 of FIG. 6B, a network node of a communication network determines that a user equipment accesses a cell to trigger random access to the cell for the user equipment. As shown in step 635 of FIG. 6B, based on the determination, an initial access configuration is transmitted to the user equipment to trigger random access to the cell for the user equipment. Then, as shown in step 640 of FIG. 6B, the initial access configuration sequentially uses more than one pattern of at least one of a synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for synchronization capture for access, beam adjustment, and beam maintenance, and activation of the cell for data shower coverage.

[0109] According to the exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, the network node includes a primary serving cell, the cell includes a sub-terahertz secondary cell, and the initial access configuration is received from the network node through a frequency band lower than the frequency band of the cell.

[0110] According to the exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, the initial access channel configuration is communicated by the network node through a frequency band lower than the frequency band of the cell.

[0111] According to the exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, access to the sub-terahertz secondary cell is to perform data shower coverage for the user equipment.

[0112] According to the exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, more than one pattern is sequentially switched based on at least one of a set time window, expiration of a timer, or a predefined message from the network node.

[0113] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, the determination is based on at least one of the path loss reports or measurements, position, speed, or direction of the lower layer reported from the user equipment.

[0114] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, more than one pattern is sequentially switched based on at least one of a set time window, expiration of a timer, or a predefined message from the network node.

[0115] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, more than one pattern includes at least a first configuration used for the user equipment to capture synchronization with the cell and read the physical broadcast channel, the first configuration including at least one of a synchronization signal block transmission having a first period used for the user equipment to capture synchronization with the cell and read the physical broadcast channel or a configuration for a first time window.

[0116] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, the initial positions of a subset of the synchronization signal blocks of the synchronization signal block transmission provide more than one initial synchronization pattern.

[0117] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, the positions of a subset of the synchronization signal blocks of the synchronization signal block transmission occur at shorter intervals and more times than other synchronization signal block patterns of the communication network so as to occur at a higher density.

[0118] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, more than one pattern includes at least a second configuration for beam adjustment, the second configuration including at least one of a synchronization signal block transmission having a second period, a channel state information reference signal transmission having a third period, or a configuration for a second time window.

[0119] According to the exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, random access with a cell is performed based on an initial access configuration.

[0120] According to the exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, after a random access procedure for a sub-terahertz secondary cell by a user equipment, beam adjustment is determined based on a switch to a synchronization signal block pattern and a channel state information reference signal pattern provided by a network node.

[0121] According to the exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, the switch occurs at the end of a first time window or when the user equipment receives a predefined message from the network.

[0122] According to the exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, determining the beam adjustment includes utilizing a second configuration including synchronization signal block transmissions in a second period and configuration.

[0123] According to the exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, the second period is longer than the first period.

[0124] According to the exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, after determining the beam adjustment, a third configuration is utilized for synchronization signal block and channel state information reference signal transmissions having a second period and configuration for the beam adjustment.

[0125] According to the exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, the channel state information reference signal pattern is made dense enough to determine beam adjustment, and the dense channel state information reference signal pattern includes at least one of a beam sweep at a full 1 / 10 or 1 / 100 interval, or a selection of a beam covering a large departure angle compared to other synchronization signal block patterns.

[0126] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, a timer is utilized to indicate the maximum duration of a first configuration related to an initial synchronization burst for a time derived based on the message timing for random access, for a channel state information reference signal pattern provided at a high density, and a second configuration is used after the timer expires.

[0127] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, more than one pattern includes at least one bitmap: [100101001] indicating at least one of ssb-InitialPositions or CSIRS-RefinementPositions.

[0128] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, more than one pattern includes at least a third configuration for beam maintenance, and the third configuration includes using a third configuration for a synchronization signal block having at least one of channel state information reference signal transmissions having a fourth period, or a fifth period, after a beam adjustment decision.

[0129] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, an initial channel configuration is communicated by a network node before random access.

[0130] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, an initial access channel configuration is communicated based on a modulation and coding scheme suitable for carrying a system information block in a message 3 physical uplink shared channel communicated from a user equipment to a network node.

[0131] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, an initial access channel configuration is communicated by a network node to a user equipment using an active modulation and coding scheme selection in response to the information received in message 3 and before channel state information reporting.

[0132] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, a suitable modulation and coding scheme for downlink data transmission in a random access message is received from a user equipment.

[0133] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, downlink data transmission is received using an active modulation and coding scheme selection that responds to the information received in the random access message and is prior to a channel state information report.

[0134] A non-transitory computer-readable medium (MEM12B and / or MEM13B in FIG. 5) stores program code (PROG12C and / or PROG13C in FIG. 5), and the program code is executed by at least one processor (DP12A and / or DP13A in FIG. 5) to perform at least the operations described in the above paragraphs.

[0135] According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention described above, means for determining (TRANS12D and / or TRANS13D, MEM12B and / or MEM13B, PROG12C and / or PROG13C, and DP12A and / or DP13A in FIG. 5) that a user equipment (UE10 in FIG. 5) accesses a cell to trigger random access to a cell for the user equipment by a network node (NN12 and / or NN13 in FIG. 5) of a communication network (network 1 in FIG. 5), and based on the determination, means for transmitting (TRANS12D and / or TRANS13D, MEM12B and / or MEM13B, PROG12C and / or PROG13C, and DP12A and / or DP13A in FIG. 5) an initial access configuration to the user equipment to trigger random access to the cell to perform data shower coverage for the user equipment are included, and the initial access configuration sequentially uses more than one pattern of at least one of a data shower cell synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for at least one of synchronization capture, beam adjustment, and beam maintenance for access to the cell (TRANS12D and / or TRANS13D, MEM12B and / or MEM13B, PROG12C and / or PROG13C, and DP12A and / or DP13A in FIG. 5), and there is an apparatus.

[0136] In an exemplary aspect of the invention according to the above paragraph, at least the means for determining, the means for transmitting, and the means for using include a non-transitory computer-readable medium (MEM12B and / or MEM13B in FIG. 5) encoded with a computer program (PROG12C and / or PROG13C in FIG. 5) executable by at least one processor [DP12A and / or DP13C in FIG. 5].

[0137] FIG. 6C shows operations that can be performed by a network device such as, but not limited to, network node NN12 or NN13 of FIG. 5, or a cell device such as a sub-terahertz cell device. As shown in step 650 of FIG. 6C, a cell of the communication network determines that a user equipment accesses the cell. As shown in step 655 of FIG. 6C, based on the determination, a random access is received from the user equipment using an initial access configuration. Then, as shown in step 660 of FIG. 6C, the initial access configuration sequentially uses more than one pattern of at least one of a synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for synchronization capture for access, beam adjustment and beam maintenance, and activation of the cell for data shower coverage.

[0138] According to an exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, the cell includes a sub-terahertz secondary cell, the initial access channel configuration is from a network node associated with the communication network via the user equipment, and access to the sub-terahertz secondary cell is to perform data shower coverage for the user equipment.

[0139] According to an exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, the initial access channel configuration is communicated from a network node of the communication network through a frequency band lower than the frequency band of the cell.

[0140] According to an exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, the initial access configuration is transmitted by a network node of the communication network through a frequency band lower than the frequency band of one of the cell or the primary cell.

[0141] According to an exemplary embodiment described in the above paragraph, more than one pattern is sequentially switched based on at least one of a set time window, expiration of a timer, or a predefined message from a network node.

[0142] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, determining is based on at least one of the path loss reports or measurements, position, speed, or direction of the lower layer reported from the user equipment.

[0143] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, more than one pattern includes at least a first configuration used for the user equipment to capture synchronization with the cell and to read the physical broadcast channel, and the first configuration includes at least one of the synchronization signal block transmissions at a first period or configuration for a first time window used for the user equipment to capture synchronization with the cell and to read the physical broadcast channel.

[0144] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, the initial positions of the subset of synchronization signal blocks of the synchronization signal block transmission provide more than one initial synchronization pattern. According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, the positions of the subset of synchronization signal blocks of the synchronization signal block transmission occur more frequently at shorter intervals than other synchronization signal block patterns of the communication network so as to occur at a higher density.

[0145] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, more than one pattern includes at least a second configuration for beam adjustment, and the second configuration includes at least one of the synchronization signal block transmissions having a second period, the channel state information reference signal transmissions having a third period, or the configuration for a second time window.

[0146] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, the initial access channel configuration includes a random access configuration, a beam adjustment configuration, and a beam maintenance configuration, and the beam maintenance configuration uses a synchronized maintenance pattern.

[0147] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, after a random access procedure to a cell by a user equipment, beam adjustment is determined based on a switch to a synchronization signal block pattern and a channel state information reference signal pattern provided by a network node.

[0148] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, the switch occurs at the end of a first time window or when the user equipment receives a predefined message from the network.

[0149] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, determining the beam adjustment includes utilizing a second configuration including synchronization signal block transmissions having a second period and configuration.

[0150] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, the second period occurs at intervals and frequencies greater than those of other synchronization signal block transmissions in the communication network.

[0151] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, the second period is longer than the first period.

[0152] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, after determining the beam adjustment, a third configuration is utilized for synchronization signal block and channel state information reference signal transmissions having the second period and configuration for the beam adjustment.

[0153] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraphs, the channel state information reference signal pattern is made dense enough to determine the beam adjustment, and the dense channel state information reference signal pattern includes at least one of a beam sweep at a full 1 / 10 or 1 / 100 interval or a selection of a beam covering a large departure angle compared to other synchronization signal block patterns.

[0154] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraph, a channel state information reference signal pattern provided at a high density uses a timer to indicate the maximum duration of a first configuration related to an initial synchronization burst for a time derived based on the message timing for random access, and a second configuration is used after the timer expires.

[0155] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraph, more than one pattern includes at least one bitmap indicating at least one of ssb-InitialPositions or CSIRS-RefinementPositions.

[0156] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraph, more than one pattern includes at least a third configuration for beam maintenance, and the third configuration includes using a third configuration for a synchronization signal block having at least one of a channel state information reference signal transmission having a fourth period or a fifth period after a beam adjustment decision.

[0157] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraph, an initial access channel configuration is communicated by a network node in response to a random access.

[0158] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraph, the initial access channel configuration is communicated based on a modulation and coding scheme suitable for carrying a system information block in a message 3 physical uplink shared channel communicated from a user equipment to a network node.

[0159] According to the exemplary embodiments described in the above paragraph, the initial access channel configuration uses an active modulation and coding scheme selection in response to the information received in message 3 and before channel state information reporting.

[0160] The non-transitory computer-readable medium (MEM12B and / or MEM13B in FIG. 5) stores program code (PROG12C and / or PROG13C in FIG. 5), and the program code is executed by at least one processor (DP12A and / or DP13A in FIG. 5) to perform the operations described at least in the above paragraphs.

[0161] According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention described above, means for determining that a user equipment (UE10 in FIG. 5) accesses a cell by a cell of a communication network (network 1 in FIG. 5) (TRANS12D and / or TRANS13D, MEM12B and / or MEM13B, PROG12C and / or PROG13C, and DP12A and / or DP13A in FIG. 5), and based on the determination, triggering a random access to the cell for the user equipment to perform data shower coverage for the user equipment (TRANS12D and / or TRANS13D, MEM12B and / or MEM13B, PROG12C and / or PROG13C, and DP12A and / or DP13A in FIG. 5), and receiving an initial access channel configuration (TRANS12D and / or TRANS13D, MEM12B and / or MEM13B, PROG12C and / or PROG13C, and DP12A and / or DP13A in FIG. 5), wherein the initial access channel configuration sequentially uses more than one pattern of at least one of a data shower cell synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for beam adjustment and synchronization capture for access and activation of the cell for data shower coverage (TRANS12D and / or TRANS13D, MEM12B and / or MEM13B, PROG12C and / or PROG13C, and DP12A and / or DP13A in FIG. 5), there is a device.

[0162] In an exemplary aspect of the invention according to the above paragraph, at least the means for determining, receiving, triggering, and using include a non - transitory computer - readable medium [MEM12B and / or MEM13B in FIG. 5] encoded with a computer program [PROG12C and / or PROG13C in FIG. 5] executable by at least one processor [DP12A and / or DP13C in FIG. 5].

[0163] Furthermore, according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, there is a circuit for performing the operations according to the exemplary embodiments of the invention disclosed herein. This circuit may include any kind of circuit, including a content encoding circuit, a content decoding circuit, a processing circuit, an image generation circuit, a data analysis circuit, etc. Further, this circuit may include not only discrete circuits, application - specific integrated circuits (ASICs), and / or field - programmable gate array circuits (FPGAs), but also a processor specifically configured by software to perform each function, or a dual - core processor having software and a corresponding digital signal processor. Additionally, for performing the exemplary embodiments of the invention described herein, the necessary inputs to the circuit and the necessary outputs from the circuit, the functions performed by the circuit, and the interconnections of the circuit with other components that may include other circuits (possibly via inputs and outputs) are provided.

[0164] According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention disclosed in the present application, the “circuit” provided may include at least one or more, or all, of the following. (a) A circuit implementation mode with only hardware (such as an implementation mode with only analog and / or digital circuits) (b) A combination of hardware circuit and software (as applicable) as follows (i) A combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuits and software / firmware (ii) A hardware processor (including a digital signal processor), software, and any part of the memory that operate together to cause a device such as a mobile phone or a server to perform various functions such as the functions or operations according to the exemplary embodiments of the invention disclosed in this specification (c) A hardware circuit and / or a processor, such as a microprocessor or a part of a microprocessor, that requires software (e.g., firmware) for operation but may not have the software when not necessary for operation

[0165] According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, there is sufficient circuitry for performing at least the novel operations disclosed in this application, and this "circuitry" as used herein refers to at least the following. (a) A circuit implementation of only hardware (such as an implementation with only analog and / or digital circuits) (b) A combination of circuitry and software (and / or firmware) as follows (where applicable): (i) a combination of processors, or (ii) a processor / software (including a digital signal processor), software, and a part of the memory that operate together to cause a device such as a mobile phone or a server to perform various functions (c) A circuitry, such as a microprocessor or a part of a microprocessor, that requires software or firmware for operation even when the software or firmware does not physically exist

[0166] This definition of "circuit" applies to all uses of this term in this application, including any claim. As a further example, the term "circuit" as used herein also encompasses a mere processor (or processors), or a portion of a processor, and its (or their) attendant software and / or firmware implementations. The term "circuit" encompasses, for example and where applicable to a particular claim element, a baseband integrated circuit or an application processor integrated circuit for a cellular phone, or a similar integrated circuit within a server, a cellular network device, or other network device.

[0167] Generally, various embodiments may be implemented in hardware or a dedicated circuit, software, logic, or any combination thereof. For example, aspects may include embodiments implemented in hardware, as well as embodiments that may be implemented by firmware or software executable by a controller, a microprocessor, or other computing device, but the invention is not limited thereto. Various aspects of the invention may be shown and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other graphical representation, but the blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques, or methods described herein are, by way of non-limiting example, implemented in hardware, software, firmware, a dedicated circuit or logic, general purpose hardware or a controller, or other computing device, or some combination thereof.

[0168] Embodiments of the invention may be practiced with various components such as integrated circuit modules. The design of integrated circuits is generally a highly automated process. Complex and high-performance software tools are available for converting a logic level design into a semiconductor circuit design ready to be etched and formed on a semiconductor substrate.

[0169] The word "exemplary" is used in this specification to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration". No embodiment described as "exemplary" in this specification should be construed as necessarily being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments. All of the embodiments described in the modes for carrying out this invention are provided as exemplary embodiments to enable those skilled in the art to practice or use the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention defined by the claims.

[0170] The foregoing description has provided, by way of illustration and not limitation, the best mode and the most advantageous description of the methods and apparatus currently contemplated by the inventors for carrying out the invention. However, various modifications and adaptations will become apparent to those skilled in the relevant art in light of the foregoing description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the appended claims. Nevertheless, all such modifications and similar modifications of the teachings of this invention will still be included within the scope of this invention.

[0171] It should be noted that the terms "connected", "coupled", or any variation thereof mean any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between the two elements that are "connected" or "coupled". The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. As used herein, two elements may be considered "connected" or "coupled" by, by way of several non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples, the use of one or more wires, cables, and / or printed electrical connections, as well as the use of electromagnetic energy such as electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency region, microwave region, and optical (both visible and invisible) regions.

[0172] Furthermore, some of the features of the preferred embodiments of the present invention can be used to be useful without using corresponding other features. Therefore, the foregoing description should be considered as illustrative rather than as a mere limitation of the principles of the invention.

Claims

1. Determining, by a user equipment of a communication network, to access the cell for the user equipment to trigger a random access to the cell, wherein the random access uses an initial access configuration communicated by a network node of the communication network, and wherein the initial access configuration sequentially uses more than one pattern of at least one of a synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for at least one of synchronization acquisition, beam adjustment, and beam maintenance for access to the cell, a method.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the network node includes a primary serving cell, the cell includes a sub-terahertz secondary cell, and the initial access configuration is received from the network node through a frequency band lower than the frequency band of the cell.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the determination to access the sub-terahertz secondary cell is based on an indication from the network node, and the access to the sub-terahertz secondary cell is to perform data shower coverage for the user equipment.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the more than one pattern is sequentially switched based on at least one of a set time window, expiration of a timer, or receiving a predefined message from the network node.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the determining is based on at least one of a lower layer path loss or measurement, position, speed, or direction reported from the user equipment to the network node.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the more than one pattern includes at least a first configuration used for the user equipment to acquire synchronization with the cell and to read a physical broadcast channel, and the first configuration includes at least one of a synchronization signal block transmission having a first period and / or a configuration for a first time window.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an initial position of a subset of the synchronization signal blocks of the synchronization signal block transmission provides an initial synchronization pattern of the more than one pattern. Claim 8 The method according to claim 7, wherein the initial positions of the subset of the synchronization signal blocks for the synchronization signal block transmission occur more frequently at intervals shorter than other synchronization signal block patterns of the communication network so as to occur at a higher density. Claim 9 The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein random access to the cell is performed based on the initial access configuration. Claim 10 The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the one or more patterns include at least a second configuration for beam adjustment, and the second configuration includes at least one of synchronization signal block transmission having a second period, channel state information reference signal transmission having a third period, or a configuration for a second time window. Claim 11 The method according to claim 10, including determining the beam adjustment based on a switch to a synchronization signal block pattern and / or a channel state information reference signal pattern provided by the network node after the random access. Claim 12 The method according to claim 11, wherein the switch occurs at the end of the first time window or when the user equipment receives a pre-defined message from the network. Claim 13 The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the second period is longer than the first period. Claim 14 The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the channel state information reference signal pattern is made dense enough to determine the beam adjustment, and the dense channel state information reference signal pattern includes at least one of a beam sweep at a complete 1 / 10 or 1 / 100 interval, or a selection of a beam covering a large departure angle compared to other synchronization signal block patterns. Claim 15 The method according to claim 14, wherein the channel state information reference signal pattern provided at a high density utilizes a timer to indicate the maximum duration of the first configuration related to the initial synchronization burst with respect to a time derived based on the message timing for the random access, and the second configuration is used after the timer expires. Claim 16 The method according to claim 15, wherein the one or more patterns include at least one bitmap indicating at least one of ssb-InitialPositions or CSI-RS-RefinementPositions.

17. The one or more patterns include at least a third configuration for beam maintenance, and the third configuration The method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, comprising using the third configuration for a synchronization signal block having at least one of channel state information reference signal transmissions having a fourth period or a fifth period after the determination of the beam adjustment.

18. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the initial access configuration is received from the network node before the random access.

19. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, further comprising indicating, based on the determining, a suitable modulation and coding scheme for downlink data transmission in a random access message to the network node.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein the downlink data transmission is received from the network node using a proactive modulation and coding scheme selection in response to information received in the random access message and before channel state information reporting.

21. An apparatus, at least one processor; at least one non-transitory memory including computer program code, wherein the at least one non-transitory memory and the computer program code, using the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to at least at least one non-transitory memory configured to cause the apparatus to determine to access the cell to trigger a random access to the cell by the apparatus; comprising wherein the random access uses an initial access configuration communicated by a network node of a communication network, the initial access configuration sequentially using more than one pattern of at least one of a synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for at least one of synchronization acquisition, beam adjustment, and beam maintenance for access to the cell.

22. A network node of a communication network determines that a user equipment accesses a cell to trigger random access to the cell for the user equipment, based on the determining, transmits an initial access configuration to the user equipment to trigger the random access to the cell for the user equipment, including, wherein the initial access configuration sequentially uses more than one pattern of at least one of a synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for at least one of synchronization capture, beam adjustment, and beam maintenance for access to the cell, a method.

23. The method according to claim 22, wherein the network node includes a primary serving cell, the cell includes a sub-terahertz secondary cell, and the initial access configuration is transmitted from the network node through a frequency band lower than the frequency band of the cell.

24. The method according to claim 22, wherein the access to the sub-terahertz secondary cell is to perform data shower coverage for the user equipment.

25. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 24, wherein the more than one pattern is sequentially switched based on at least one of a set time window, expiration of a timer, or a predefined message by the network node.

26. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 25, wherein the determining is based on at least one of a lower layer path loss report or measurement, position, speed, or direction reported from the user equipment.

27. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 26, wherein the more than one pattern includes at least a first configuration used for the user equipment to capture synchronization with the cell and read a physical broadcast channel, and the first configuration includes at least one of a synchronization signal block transmission having a first period or a configuration for a first time window.

28. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 27, wherein an initial position of a subset of synchronization signal blocks of the synchronization signal block transmission provides an initial synchronization pattern of the more than one pattern.

29. The method according to claim 28, wherein the initial positions of the subset of the synchronization signal blocks for the synchronization signal block transmission occur at a shorter interval and more times than other synchronization signal block patterns of the communication network so as to occur at a higher density.

30. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 29, wherein the one or more patterns include at least a second configuration for beam adjustment, and the second configuration includes transmission of a synchronization signal block having a second period, transmission of a channel state information reference signal having a third period, or at least one of a configuration for a second time window.

31. The method according to claim 30, including determining the beam adjustment based on a switch to a synchronization signal block pattern and / or a channel state information reference signal pattern provided by the network node after a random access procedure by the user equipment for the sub-terahertz secondary cell.

32. The method according to claim 31, wherein the switch occurs at the end of the first time window or when the user equipment receives a predefined message from the network node.

33. The method according to any one of claims 30 to 32, wherein the second period is longer than the first period.

34. The channel state information reference signal pattern is made dense enough to determine the beam adjustment, and the dense channel state information reference signal pattern includes at least one of a beam sweep at a complete 1 / 10 or 1 / 100 interval, or selection of a beam covering a large departure angle compared to other synchronization signal block patterns. The method according to any one of claims 30 to 33.

35. The method according to claim 34, wherein the channel state information reference signal pattern provided at high density uses a timer to indicate the maximum duration of the first configuration related to the initial synchronization burst for a time derived based on the message timing for the random access, and the second configuration is used after the timer expires.

36. The method according to claim 35, wherein the one or more patterns include at least one bitmap indicating at least one of ssb-InitialPositions or CSI-RefinementPositions.

37. The one or more patterns include at least a third configuration for beam maintenance, and the third configuration utilizing the third configuration for a synchronization signal block having at least one of channel state information reference signal transmissions having a fourth period or a fifth period after the determination of the beam adjustment. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 36.

38. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 37, wherein an initial channel configuration is received by the network node before the random access.

39. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 38, wherein the initial access configuration is communicated based on a modulation and coding scheme suitable for carrying a system information block in a message 3 physical uplink shared channel received by the network node from the user equipment.

40. The method according to claim 39, wherein the initial access configuration is communicated by the network node to the user equipment using a selection of an aggressive modulation and coding scheme in response to information received in the message 3 and before channel state information reporting.

41. The method according to claim 22, further comprising receiving, from the user equipment, a modulation and coding scheme suitable for downlink data transmission in a random access message.

42. An apparatus, at least one processor; at least one non-transitory memory including computer program code, wherein the at least one non-transitory memory and the computer program code cause the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to at least determine that the user equipment accesses a cell to trigger a random access to the cell for the user equipment, based on the determination, cause the user equipment to transmit an initial access configuration to trigger the random access to the cell for the user equipment, and comprising An apparatus, wherein the initial access configuration sequentially uses more than one pattern of at least one of a synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for at least one of synchronization acquisition, beam adjustment, and beam maintenance for access to the cell.

43. Determining, by a cell of a communication network, that a user equipment accesses the cell; Receiving a random access from the user equipment using an initial access configuration based on the determining; comprising; A method, wherein the initial access configuration sequentially uses more than one pattern of at least one of a synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for at least one of synchronization acquisition, beam adjustment, and beam maintenance for access, and activation of the cell for data shower coverage.

44. The method according to claim 43, wherein the cell includes a sub-terahertz secondary cell, and the access to the sub-terahertz secondary cell is to perform data shower coverage for the user equipment.

45. The method according to any one of claims 43 to 44, wherein the initial access configuration is transmitted by a network node of the communication network through a frequency band lower than a frequency band of one of the cell or the primary cell.

46. The method according to any one of claims 43 to 45, wherein the more than one pattern is sequentially switched based on at least one of a set time window, expiration of a timer, or a predefined message from the network node.

47. The method according to any one of claims 43 to 46, wherein the determining is based on at least one of a lower layer path loss report or measurement, position, speed, or direction reported from the user equipment.

48. The method according to any one of claims 43 to 47, wherein the more than one pattern includes at least a first configuration used for the user equipment to acquire synchronization with the cell and read a physical broadcast channel, and the first configuration includes at least one of a synchronization signal block transmission having a first period or a configuration for a first time window.

49. The method according to any one of claims 43 to 48, wherein an initial position of a subset of the synchronization signal blocks for the synchronization signal block transmission provides the initial synchronization patterns of more than one pattern.

50. The method according to claim 49, wherein the initial position of the subset of the synchronization signal blocks for the synchronization signal block transmission occurs more times at intervals shorter than other synchronization signal block patterns of the communication network so as to occur at a higher density.

51. The method according to any one of claims 43 to 50, wherein the more than one pattern includes at least a second configuration for beam adjustment, and the second configuration includes at least one of a synchronization signal block transmission having a second period, a channel state information reference signal transmission having a third period, or a configuration for a second time window.

52. The method according to claim 51, including determining the beam adjustment based on a switch to a synchronization signal block pattern and / or a channel state information reference signal pattern provided by the network node after a random access procedure for the cell by the user equipment.

53. The method according to claim 52, wherein the switch occurs at the end of the first time window or when the user equipment receives a predefined message from the network node.

54. The method according to any one of claims 51 to 53, wherein the second period is longer than the first period.

55. The channel state information reference signal pattern is made dense enough to determine the beam adjustment, and the dense channel state information reference signal pattern includes at least one of a beam sweep at a complete 1 / 10 or 1 / 100 interval, or a selection of a beam covering a large departure angle compared to other synchronization signal block patterns. The method according to any one of claims 51 to 54.

56. The method according to claim 55, wherein the channel state information reference signal pattern provided at a high density uses a timer to indicate a maximum duration of a first configuration related to an initial synchronization burst for a time derived based on a message timing for the random access, and the second configuration is used after the timer expires.

57. The method of claim 56, wherein the one or more patterns include at least one bitmap indicating at least one of ssb-InitialPositions and CSI-RS-RefinementPositions.

58. The one or more patterns include at least a third configuration for beam maintenance, the third configuration being The method according to any one of claims 43 to 57, including that after the determination of the beam adjustment, a third configuration for a synchronization signal block having at least one of channel state information reference signal transmissions having a fourth period or a fifth period is utilized.

59. The method of claim 43, wherein an initial access configuration is communicated by a network node in response to the random access.

60. The method according to any one of claims 43 to 59, wherein the initial access configuration is communicated based on a modulation and coding scheme suitable for carrying a system information block in a message 3 physical uplink shared channel communicated from the user equipment to the network node.

61. The method of claim 60, wherein the initial access configuration uses a proactive modulation and coding scheme selection in response to the information received in the message 3 and before channel state information reporting.

62. An apparatus, at least one processor; at least one non-transitory memory including computer program code, wherein the at least one non-transitory memory and the computer program code cause the at least one processor to cause the apparatus to at least determine that a user equipment accesses a cell of a communication network, receive an initial access channel configuration by triggering a random access of the user equipment to the cell for the user equipment based on the determination; comprising An apparatus, wherein the initial access configuration sequentially uses more than one pattern of at least one of a synchronization signal, a beacon, or a channel state information reference signal for synchronization capture, beam adjustment and beam maintenance for access, and activation of the cell for data shower coverage.

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