Lubricant composition containing an ionic liquid

Abstract

A lubricant composition comprising: a) 20 to 99.5% by weight of a base oil based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, the base oil having a solubility of at least 3% by weight in the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20 °C, the base oil having at least 50% by weight of base oil A based on the total weight of the base oil, base oil A having a solubility of at least 3% by weight in the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20 °C, 20 to 99.5% by weight of a base oil based on the total weight of the lubricant composition; and b) 0.5 to 80% by weight of an ionic liquid having an anion of bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a lubricant composition containing an ionic liquid and its use.

[0002] Ionic liquids are known to be usable as additives in lubricants such as lubricating greases and lubricating oils. Thereby, it is possible to favorably affect tribology-related properties such as friction, wear, and conductivity. In particular, good results are obtained with ionic liquids having a group containing CFx. These groups are usually contained in anions and improve their heat load capacity and conductivity as additives in lubricants. Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (bta) is an important representative example of these anions due to its very excellent heat resistance and hydrolysis resistance.

[0003] However, the drawback of compounds containing CFx is that these groups are not biodegradable, and as a result, ionic liquids containing such groups are hardly decomposable.

[0004] From European Patent Application Publication No. 3872154, a) a lubricant (Schmiermittel), in particular a lubricant containing a non-polar base oil (Basisoel), and b) a first ionic liquid made from 1-decene as a monomer component, in particular soluble in PAO400 / 40, polyalphaolefin (PAO), and c) a second ionic liquid made from 1-decene as a monomer component, in particular insoluble in PAO400 / 40, polyalphaolefin (PAO) is known as a lubricant composition (Schmierstoffzusammensetzung).

[0005] As a possible second ionic liquid, trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is particularly mentioned. However, it is known to those skilled in the art that bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (fsi)-based ionic liquids as anions have significantly lower thermal resistance than ionic liquids containing a CFx group. This can be mainly explained by the lack of strong carbon-fluorine bonds in the fsi anion, which has an adverse effect on the stability of the whole molecule.

[0006] The disadvantages of the lubricant composition described are further that the use of two different ionic liquids increases the complexity of the manufacturing process and the associated manufacturing costs, and that the lubricant composition is limited to non-polar base oils. Certainly, non-polar base oils may also have polar components. However, this is always less than 50% by weight based on the total weight of the base oil.

[0007] European Patent No. 2164935 describes the use of a selected ionic liquid having a fluorine-containing anion in a lubricant composition to reduce the aging phenomenon of the lubricant and reduce the electrical resistance.

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a lubricant composition that can omit the use of bta-containing ionic liquids and still has good tribology-related properties with respect to friction, wear and conductivity. Furthermore, this lubricant composition has sufficient temperature stability, preferably at least 180 °C, and it is desirable to contain a high proportion of polar base oil.

[0009] This object is a lubricant composition, a) 20 to 99.5% by weight of a base oil (Grundoel) based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, wherein the base oil has a solubility of at least 3% by weight with respect to the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20 °C, and the base oil has at least 50% by weight of base oil A based on the total weight of the base oil, and base oil A has a solubility of at least 3% by weight with respect to the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20 °C, the base oil and b) 0.5 to 80% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, of an ionic liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide and is solved by a lubricant composition containing the same.

[0010] According to the present invention, it has been found that by using this lubricant composition, it is possible to omit the use of an ionic liquid containing bta and still obtain good tribology-related properties with respect to friction, wear and conductivity. Furthermore, the lubricant composition can contain a high proportion of a polar base oil, which further has sufficient temperature stability, advantageously at least 180 °C. Since it is known that an ionic liquid based on bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide as an anion has only slight thermal stability, the high temperature stability of the lubricant composition according to the present invention was surprising. Regardless of the mechanism, the surprisingly high thermal stability of bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide as an anion in the lubricant according to the present invention is presumed to be due to solubilization by a stabilizing base oil. Stabilization by preventing or delaying autocatalysis by the base oil is also conceivable.

[0011] According to the present invention, the lubricant composition comprises a base oil having a solubility of at least 3% by weight with respect to the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20°C. This solubility indicates a high polarity of the base oil. This base oil further comprises a base oil A having a solubility of at least 3% by weight with respect to the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20°C as well. The solubility with respect to the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is preferably carried out as described in the chapter of the test method.

[0012] The base oil can include one or more base oils A and optionally a base oil different from base oil A. However, according to the present invention, the lubricant composition preferably has no other base oil in addition to the base oil.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base oil has a solubility of at least 3% by weight, preferably at least 5% by weight, and even more preferably at least 10% by weight with respect to the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20°C.

[0014] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base oil has a solubility in the range of at least 3% to 30% and / or at least 5% to 30% by weight and / or at least 10% to 30% by weight and / or at least 3% to 20% by weight and / or at least 5% to 20% by weight and / or at least 10% to 20% by weight and / or at least 3% to 15% by weight and / or at least 5% to 15% by weight and / or at least 10% to 15% by weight with respect to the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20°C.

[0015] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base oil does not have an ionic liquid with a melting temperature of less than 100 °C, and the melting temperature is measured in accordance with DIN EN 61074:1994-07.

[0016] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base oil is not an ionic liquid with a melting temperature of less than 100 °C, and the melting temperature is measured in accordance with DIN EN 61074:1994-07.

[0017] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base oil does not contain ions. Particularly preferably, the base oil consists of organic compounds.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, base oil A has a solubility of at least 3 wt%, preferably at least 5 wt%, even more preferably at least 10 wt% with respect to the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20 °C.

[0019] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, base oil A has a solubility in the range of at least 3 wt% to 99 and / or at least 5 wt% to 99 wt% and / or at least 10 wt% to 99 wt% and / or at least 3 wt% to 80 wt% and / or at least 5 wt% to 80 wt%, and / or at least 10 wt% to 80 wt%, and / or at least 3 wt% to 15 wt% and / or at least 5 wt% to 15 wt% and / or at least 10 wt% to 15 wt% with respect to the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20 °C.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, base oil A is present in each case in a proportion of 50 to 100% by weight and / or in a proportion of more than 55% by weight, for example in a proportion of 55 to 100% by weight, and / or in a proportion of more than 60% by weight, for example in a proportion of 60 to 100% by weight, more preferably in a proportion of more than 70% by weight, for example in a proportion of 70 to 100% by weight, based on the total weight of the base oil.

[0021] The proportion of base oil based on the total weight of the lubricant composition is 20% to 99.5% by weight, preferably 40% to 95% by weight, more preferably 60% to 90% by weight, even more preferably 70% to 95% by weight, particularly 75% to 85% by weight.

[0022] The proportion of base oil A based on the total weight of the lubricant composition is advantageously 10% to 99.5% by weight, more preferably 35% to 95% by weight, even more preferably 40% to 90% by weight, particularly 35% to 85% by weight.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, base oil A is an ester and / or a polyglycol, and the polyglycol is advantageously a polyglycol containing unsubstituted ethylene units as carbon groups in the repeating units. A particularly preferred polyglycol is a polyalkylene glycol containing unsubstituted ethylene units as carbon groups in the repeating units, and advantageously a polyalkylene glycol containing unsubstituted ethylene units and methyl-substituted ethylene units as carbon groups in the repeating units. Similarly preferred polyglycols are polyalkylene glycols containing unsubstituted ethylene units as carbon groups in the repeating units, and the weight ratio of the unsubstituted ethylene units is advantageously at least 20% by weight, for example 20% to 100% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyglycol, and advantageously at least 30% by weight, for example 30% to 100% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyglycol.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the ester has an oxygen / carbon weight ratio of greater than 0.1, for example 0.1 to 0.35, preferably greater than 0.15, for example 0.15 to 0.30, and / or the polyglycol has an oxygen / carbon weight ratio of greater than 0.44, for example 0.44 to 0.70, preferably greater than 0.50, for example 0.50 to 0.68.

[0025] Particularly preferred polyglycols are selected from homopolymers from ethylene oxide as the only monomer and / or copolymers having unsubstituted ethyl groups and 1-methylethyl groups as carbon groups in the repeating units, and the weight ratio of unsubstituted ethylene units in the copolymer is advantageously at least 20% by weight, for example 20% to 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyglycol, advantageously at least 30% by weight, for example 30% to 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyglycol. The end groups of particularly preferred polyglycols are, independently of each other, preferably hydroxide groups and / or C1-C20 alkoxide groups, preferably C1-C6 alkoxide groups. The alkoxide end groups may be further substituted. The end groups can be introduced during the production of the polyglycol by reacting the monomer ethylene oxide with a monofunctional starter. The monofunctional starter is preferably water and alcohol, especially butanol. Two or more chains of the polyglycol can also be linked via end groups. As the linking end group, an alkyl group is preferred. This can be done when producing the polyglycol from ethylene oxide using a nucleophilic bifunctional or higher-functional starter. An example of a bifunctional starter is a diol, especially 1,2-ethanediol.

[0026] Preferred esters are carboxylic acid esters, preferably mono-esters, di-esters, tri-esters, tetra-esters, penta-esters, polyesters, preferably estolides. Particularly preferred are di-esters, tri-esters, tetra-esters, penta-esters, polyesters, estolides and mixtures thereof. Similarly preferred carboxylic acid esters are preferably aromatic esters of aromatic C8 - C20, preferably C8 - C10 di-, tri- or tetra-carboxylic acids with aliphatic C7 - C22 alcohols present singly or as a mixture, and preferably aliphatic C4 - C22 mono-carboxylic acids and / or di-carboxylic acids with aliphatic mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa-alcohols having from 3 to 22 carbon atoms present singly or as a mixture, preferably polyol esters, for example preferably complex esters, estolides and mixtures thereof. The acid and / or alcohol components and / or hydroxycarboxylic acid components of the carboxylic acid esters independently of one another preferably have from C3 to C54 carbon atoms. Preferred acid components have from C4 to C22 carbon atoms, preferred alcohol components have from C3 to C22 carbon atoms, and / or preferred hydroxycarboxylic acid components have from C14 to C22 carbon atoms. Preferred di-esters are those in which the acid component has less than 36 carbon atoms, preferably from 6 to 20 carbon atoms, even more preferably from 6 to 12 carbon atoms. The advantage of these esters is their good solubility in the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide.

[0027] Estride is an oligomer of an oligomeric aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acid, preferably 12-hydroxystearic acid, or an unsaturated carboxylic acid, preferably oleic acid, and the terminal carboxylic acid groups are esterified with a monoalcohol, a dialcohol, a trialcohol and / or a tetraalcohol, preferably a branched monoalcohol, very preferably geranylalcohol, and the free hydroxide groups that may be present may be esterified by reaction with a monocarboxylic acid or a dicarboxylic acid. Particularly preferred are aliphatic esters of monocarboxylic acids and / or dicarboxylic acids having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- and / or hexaalcohols present individually or as a mixture having 3 to 22 carbon atoms.

[0028] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the ester is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic esters of an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having 5 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic tri-, tetra-, hexaalcohols present individually or as a mixture having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, in particular trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol and / or dipentaerythritol, and / or aliphatic esters of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 6 to 20 carbon atoms and aliphatic mono- and / or dialcohols present individually or as a mixture having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, estride and aromatic esters of aromatic tri- and tetracarboxylic acids and an aliphatic C7-C22 alcohol present individually or as a mixture and mixtures thereof.

[0029] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, base oil A does not have an ionic liquid having a melting temperature of less than 100°C, and the melting temperature is measured according to DIN EN 61074:1994-07.

[0030] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, base oil A is not an ionic liquid having a melting temperature of less than 100°C, and the melting temperature is measured according to DIN EN 61074:1994-07.

[0031] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, base oil A does not contain ions. Particularly preferably, base oil A consists of organic compounds.

[0032] Base oils that are similarly suitable according to the present invention include base oil A in a mixture with base oil B, and base oil B has a solubility in ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20 °C of less than 3% by weight, for example 0.1% to 3% by weight, preferably less than 2.5% by weight, for example 0.01% to 2.5% by weight, even more preferably less than 2% by weight, for example 0.01% to 2% by weight, even more preferably less than 1% by weight, for example 0.01% to 1% by weight.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, base oil B is more than 5% by weight, for example 5% to 30% by weight, advantageously 10% to 25% by weight, of halogen and / or silicon, based on the total weight of base oil B1 having an oxygen / carbon weight ratio of at most 0.1, for example 0 to 0.1, and / or base oil B2.

[0034] When the base oil contains base oil A in a mixture with base oil B, the proportion of base oil A is more than 50% by weight, for example 50 to 90% by weight, even more preferably more than 60% by weight, for example 60 to 85% by weight, particularly more than 70% by weight, for example 70 to 85% by weight, based on the total weight of the base oil.

[0035] Preferred base oil B consists of the group consisting of Group I, II, II+, III, IV base oils and Group V base oils according to the classification of the American Petroleum Institute (API) [NLGI Spokesman, N. Samman, Volume 70, Number 11, p.14ff], preferably diphenyl ether, alkylated naphthalene, polyisobutylene, silicone oil, polytetrahydrofuran and oxetane polymer, and polyalkylene glycols preferably having exclusively ethylene units substituted with aliphatic and / or aromatic alkyl groups, wherein the weight ratio of unsubstituted ethylene units in the polyalkylene glycol is less than 20% by weight based on the total weight of the polyalkylene glycol, polyalkylene glycols, and esters, preferably aliphatic esters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having 22 to 40 carbon atoms, preferably 34 to 38 carbon atoms, and aliphatic mono- and / or di-alcohols having 6 to 22 carbon atoms present individually or as a mixture, aliphatic esters of aliphatic tricarboxylic acids having 33 to 60 carbon atoms, preferably 50 to 58 carbon atoms, and aliphatic mono- and / or di-alcohols having 6 to 22 carbon atoms present individually or as a mixture, and mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred base oils are alkylated diphenyl ether, polyisobutylene, polyalphaolefin and mixtures thereof. The base oil may be composed of a mixture of the aforementioned base oils.

[0036] When present, the proportion of base oil B is preferably less than 50% by weight, for example 10 to 49% by weight, even more preferably at most 40% by weight, for example 10% to 40% by weight, particularly at most 30% by weight, for example 10 to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the base oil.

[0037] When present, the proportion of base oil B is preferably at most 48% by weight, for example 5 to 48% by weight, even more preferably at most 40% by weight, for example 10% to 40% by weight, particularly at most 30% by weight, for example 10 to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0038] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, base oil B does not have an ionic liquid with a melting temperature of less than 100 °C, and the melting temperature is measured in accordance with DIN EN 61074:1994-07.

[0039] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, base oil B is not an ionic liquid with a melting temperature of less than 100 °C, and the melting temperature is measured in accordance with DIN EN 61074:1994-07.

[0040] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, base oil B does not contain ions. Particularly preferably, base oil B consists of organic compounds.

[0041] The lubricant composition according to the present invention preferably has a kinematic viscosity of 20 mm 2 / s to 1500 mm 2 / s, preferably 20 mm 2 / s to 320 mm 2 / s, even more preferably 25 mm 2 / s to 220 mm 2 / s, even more preferably 30 mm 2 / s to 150 mm 2 / s. The kinematic viscosity is measured in accordance with ASTM D 7042, version 2021.01.

[0042] According to the present invention, the proportion of the ionic liquid in which the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is 0.5% by weight to 80% by weight, even more preferably 2% by weight to 40% by weight, even more preferably 2% by weight to 20% by weight, even more preferably 3% by weight to 15% by weight, particularly 5% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the base oil comprises base oil A and base oil B in a weight ratio of at least 50:50, for example 50:50 to 60:40, particularly preferably at least 60:40, for example 60:40 to 70:30, even more preferably at least 70:30, for example 70:30 to 90:10, especially at least 80:20, for example 80:20 to 90:10.

[0044] In a further preferred embodiment, the base oil comprises base oil A and base oil B in a weight ratio of 50:50 to 60:40, and the proportion of the ionic liquid in which the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (fsi) is 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 3 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and / or the weight ratio of base oil A to base oil B is 60:40 to 70:30, and the proportion of the ionic liquid in which the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (fsi) is 0.5% to 15% by weight, preferably 3% to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and / or the weight ratio of base oil A to base oil B is 70:30 to 90:10, and the proportion of the ionic liquid in which the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (fsi) is 0.5% to 40% by weight, preferably 3% to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and / or the weight ratio of base oil A to base oil B is 80:20 to 90:10, and the proportion of the ionic liquid in which the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (fsi) is 0.5% to 80% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0045] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ionic liquid has a cation selected from the group consisting of symmetric and asymmetric ammonium ions, NR1R2R3R4+ and phosphonium ions PR1R2R3R4+. The residues R1 to R4 are, independently of one another, branched or unbranched, substituted or unsubstituted C1- to C 24 -, preferably C1- to C 18 -, particularly preferably C6- to C 18 -alkyl groups or C6- to C 30- It may be an aryl group. Preferred substituents are alkoxy, carboxy, amide, amino, thiocarboxy, carbamoyl, oxo, thioxo and / or hydroxy.

[0046] Advantageously, the residues R1 to R4 are selected such that they have in total at least 10 carbon atoms, preferably at least 20 carbon atoms, and even more preferably at least 25 carbon atoms.

[0047] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ionic liquid comprises one or more cations selected from the group consisting of trihexyltetradecylphosphonium, tributyltetradecylphosphonium, tetraoctylphosphonium, trioctylmethylammonium, tributylmethylphosphonium, and tributylphosphonium. Trihexyltetradecylphosphonium, tributyltetradecylphosphonium, tetraoctylphosphonium and trioctylmethylammonium are highly preferred.

[0048] The lubricant composition according to the present invention can also have a mixture of different ionic liquids, where the anions are bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide in each case but the cations are different. The lubricant composition according to the present invention can also further have another ionic liquid where the anion is not bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. In this case, the proportion of the other ionic liquid is advantageously 0.5% to 5% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0049] However, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lubricant composition does not have an ionic liquid in which the anion is not bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. This is advantageous because using a plurality of ionic liquids complicates the manufacturing process and increases the associated manufacturing costs. More preferably, the lubricant composition does not contain an ionic liquid containing bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (bta) as an anion. This is advantageous for toxicological reasons. In another embodiment of the present invention, the lubricant composition either does not have an ionic liquid in which the anion is not bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide or has this in a proportion of at most 0.5% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. More preferably, the lubricant composition either does not contain an ionic liquid containing a perfluoroalkyl group or contains an ionic liquid containing a perfluoroalkyl group in a proportion of at most 0.5% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. This is advantageous for toxicological reasons.

[0050] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ionic liquid in which the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is P666(14)fsi, trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide

Chemical formula

Chemical formula

Chemical formula

Chemical formula

[0051] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lubricant composition contains a thickener. Thus, in a preferred embodiment, the lubricant composition is formed as a lubricating grease.

[0052] The lubricating grease is a preferred embodiment of the lubricant composition. This is because the lubricating grease is usually present in a smaller amount than the lubricating oil at the lubrication point, so the positive effect on the lifespan due to the ionic liquid fsi is particularly prominent in the lubricating grease.

[0053] Preferably, the lubricant composition contains a thickener in a proportion of 3 to 35% by weight, more preferably 4 to 30% by weight, and particularly 6 to 20% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0054] Preferably, the cone penetration (in 1 / 10 mm units) of the lubricant composition formed as a lubricating grease is 400 to 200, more preferably 330 to 220, and even more preferably 300 to 250. The cone penetration is determined in accordance with DIN ISO 2137, December 2016 edition.

[0055] Advantageously, the thickener is selected from urea, aluminum complex soap, metal-simple soaps of elements of Group 1 and Group 2 of the periodic table, especially lithium simple soap, metal-complex soaps of elements of Group 1 and Group 2 of the periodic table, especially lithium complex soap, bentonite, sulfonates, silicates, polyimides and mixtures thereof. Urea means the reaction product of organic monofunctional, bifunctional, trifunctional and higher functional isocyanates and / or mixtures thereof with aliphatic and / or aromatic monofunctional, bifunctional, trifunctional or higher functional organic amines.

[0056] In another particularly preferred embodiment, the thickener is urea. The advantage of urea is that it can be used at high application temperatures, and as a result, the combination with an ionic liquid containing FSI as an anion results in a lubricating grease with a particularly long lifespan. Preferred ureas are diisocyanates, preferably 2,4 - diisocyanatotoluene, 2,6 - diisocyanatotoluene, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 2,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato - 3,3'-dimethyldiphenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato - 3,3'-dimethylphenylmethane (these can be used individually or in combination), and amines or diamines of the general formula (H2N) x R [where x = 1 or 2, and R is an aryl residue, alkyl residue, cycloalkyl residue or alkylene residue having 2 to 22 carbon atoms, and these exist individually or in combination] which is a reaction product with

[0057] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the thickener is a diurea containing aliphatic, cycloaliphatic / aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic ureas.

[0058] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the thickener is of formula A

Chemical formula

[0059] The diurea compounds that can preferably be used according to the present invention are described in German Patent Application Publication No. 112012001102.

[0060] The preferred thickener is Formula A:

Chemical formula

[0061] In the ureas of Formulas A to E, the alkyl groups are unbranched.

[0062] In another particularly preferred embodiment, the thickener is a lithium complex soap. The advantage of lithium complex soap is that it can be used at high application temperatures, and thus the combination with an ionic liquid containing FSI as an anion results in a lubricating grease having a particularly long lifespan. Preferred lithium complex soaps start from C4-C36 dicarboxylic acids, preferably azelaic acid, sebacic acid, cork acid, terephthalic acid, dodecanedioic acid, and / or higher functionality higher carboxylic acids having 3 or more, preferably 3-4 carboxylic acid groups (the number of carbon groups can be 6-60), for example, preferably starting from citric acid and trimeric acid, and / or one or more of the aforementioned acids, in each case in combination with one or more monocarboxylic acids, preferably one or more C4-C24 monocarboxylic acids, preferably stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid, especially 12-hydroxystearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, salicylic acid, and are prepared starting from ester compounds in combination therewith, especially methyl esters and / or triglycerides, ester compounds of one or more of the aforementioned acids, especially methyl esters and / or triglycerides and / or monostearyl sebacamide and / or monostearyl terephthalamide. Trimeric acid means a tricarboxylic acid preferably having 54 carbon atoms obtained by the trimerization of an unsaturated fatty acid containing an alkyl side chain, double bond and cyclic ring system.

[0063] The lubricant composition can also contain inorganic and / or organic solid lubricants. Preferred solid lubricants are selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), molybdenum disulfide, graphite, graphene, boron nitride (hexagonal), tin(IV) sulfide, zinc(II) sulfide, tungsten disulfide, metal sulfides, phosphates, preferably calcium phosphate, carbonates, preferably calcium carbonate, metal oxides, preferably amorphous silicon dioxide, silicates and layered silicates, talc, mica and mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred solid lubricants are selected from the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide, graphite, graphene, boron nitride (hexagonal), tin(IV) sulfide, zinc(II) sulfide, tungsten disulfide, metal sulfides, phosphates, preferably calcium phosphate, carbonates, preferably calcium carbonate, metal oxides, preferably amorphous silicon dioxide, silicates and layered silicates, talc, mica and mixtures thereof.

[0064] When present, the proportion of the solid lubricant in the lubricant composition according to the invention is, in each case, preferably 0.5% to 23% by weight, more preferably 0.5% to 20% by weight, particularly 0.5% to 18% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0065] Furthermore, the lubricant composition can contain, for example, additives for protection against corrosion, oxidation (antioxidants), and from the influence of metals, such as chelating compounds, free radical scavengers, UV stabilizers, reaction layer formers, viscosity improvers, pour point depressants, adhesion improvers, and / or additives for reducing oil separation in greases.

[0066] Advantageously, the proportion of the additive in the lubricant composition according to the present invention is 0.5% to 23% by weight, more preferably 0.5% to 20% by weight, even more preferably 1% to 18% by weight, particularly 1.5% to 12% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. Preferably, additives in the form of phosphorus-containing, sulfur-containing, nitrogen-containing and / or oxygen-containing compounds, polymers and / or mixtures thereof are used. Particularly preferred additives are aromatic amines, phenols, particularly alkylated phenols, triazoles, such as benzotriazole, tolyltriazole, esters, particularly sulfurized fatty acid esters, glycerin mono- or diesters, sorbitan esters, thiadiazoles, dithiocarbamates, particularly molybdenum dithiocarbamate, phosphates, particularly thiophosphates, oligomer phosphates, oligomer thiophosphates, dithiophosphates, zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, molybdenum dithiophosphate, amine phosphates, trialkyl phosphates, triaryl phosphates, phosphites, metal salts, carboxylic acids, polymers, particularly polymethacrylates, olefin copolymers and / or mixtures thereof.

[0067] Highly preferred additives are aromatic amines, alkylated phenols, thiadiazoles, dithiocarbamates, triaryl phosphates, amine phosphates, benzotriazole and / or mixtures thereof.

[0068] Highly preferred additives are aromatic amines. This is because it has surprisingly been found that their use can significantly delay, in particular, the onset of oxidation by ionic liquids.

[0069] Preferred aromatic amines according to the present invention are styrenated diphenylamine, phenyl-α-naphthylamine, phenyl-β-naphthylamine, octylated and / or butylated diphenylamine, particularly p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine, nonylated diphenylamine. Thus, in a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lubricant composition has diphenylamine, particularly p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine, as an antioxidant.

[0070] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lubricant composition contains an additive in a proportion of 0.5% to 23% by weight, more preferably 0.5% to 20% by weight, particularly 0.5% to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

[0071] Advantageously, the lubricant composition has a lower use temperature determined according to IP 186, 2015 edition, of -30°C or lower, for example -60°C to -30°C, preferably -40°C or lower, for example -60°C to -40°C, and / or preferably an upper use temperature determined according to DIN 51821 1+2, July 2016 edition, of at least +160°C, for example 160°C to 220°C, preferably at least +180°C, for example 180°C to 220°C.

[0072] Another subject of the present invention is a lubricant composition, a) a base oil of 20 to 99.5% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, the base oil having at least 50% by weight of base oil A' based on the total weight of the base oil, the base oil A' being an ester and / or a polyglycol having an oxygen / carbon weight ratio of more than 0.1, for example 0.1 to 0.35, preferably more than 0.15, for example 0.15 to 0.30, advantageously a polyglycol having an oxygen / carbon weight ratio of more than 0.44, for example 0.44 to 0.70, preferably more than 0.50, for example 0.50 to 0.68, and containing an unsubstituted ethylene unit as a carbon group in the repeating unit, and b) an ionic liquid in which the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide in an amount of 0.5 to 80% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition and containing, a lubricant composition.

[0073] Preferred embodiments of the above-described lubricant composition include embodiments described mutatis mutandis with respect to the lubricant composition according to the present invention. For example, the preferred embodiments of the above-described lubricant composition for base oil A' include the embodiments for base oil A described with respect to the lubricant composition according to the present invention.

[0074] A further subject of the present invention comprises the use of a lubricant composition according to the invention for lubricating drive elements, preferably rolling bearings, transmission mechanisms, plain bearings, actuators and / or chains.

[0075] Preferred are drive elements to which a potential is applied, preferably rolling bearings, transmission mechanisms, plain bearings, actuators and / or chains.

[0076] Even more preferred drive elements are rolling bearings, transmission mechanisms, plain bearings, actuators and / or chains, which are arranged in systems and machines for the production and conveyance of foodstuffs, wind turbines, vehicles, preferably motor vehicles, in particular hybrid and electric vehicles, railway vehicles, industrial plants, industrial robots and / or ships.

[0077] Particularly preferably, the drive element is selected from pulley bearings, fan bearings, vacuum pump bearings, in particular the rolling bearings of the electric motors of hybrid and electric vehicles, in particular the generators of electric vehicles and railway vehicles, wind turbines, industrial motors, auxiliary units of vehicles and / or joints of vehicles.

[0078] Particularly preferably, the lubricant composition is used for lubricating the rolling bearings of the electric motors of hybrid and / or electric vehicles.

[0079] This advantage lies in the fact that the lubricant composition according to the invention exhibits a combination of properties which are particularly suitable for these applications. Particularly advantageous is the very good temperature stability combined with the ability to discharge a potential.

[0080] A further subject of the present invention includes the use of a lubricant composition for lubricating a drive element, preferably a rolling bearing, which requires a lower use temperature of -30°C or lower, for example -60°C to -30°C, preferably -40°C or lower, for example -60°C to -30°C, determined according to IP 186, 2015 edition, and / or an upper use temperature of at least +160°C, for example 160°C to 220°C, more preferably at least +180°C, for example 180°C to 220°C, determined according to DIN 51821 1+2, July 2016 edition. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0081]

Figure 1

Figure 2

[0082] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to some examples that do not limit the present invention.

[0083] Example 1 TGA measurements of the ionic liquids trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (P666(14)fsi) and trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (P666(14)bta) were carried out and the values obtained were compared with each other.

[0084] [Table 1]

[0085] As expected, the TGA measurements showed that P666(14)bta had better thermal stability than P666(14)fsi. The values of evaporation loss were lower for P666(14)bta when measured in both air and N2. The better thermal stability of bta can be explained by the strong carbon-fluorine bonds in the anion.

[0086] Example 2 DSC measurements were performed on the ionic liquids trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (P666(14)fsi) and trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (P666(14)bta).

[0087] Figure 1 shows the results of DSC measurements under an O2 atmosphere, and Figure 2 shows the results of DSC measurements under an N2 atmosphere.

[0088] From Figure 1, it can be seen that the onset of P666(14)fsi is earlier than that of P666(14)bta, and thus its stability is lower.

[0089] Figure 2 shows that P666(14)fsi has a significant exothermic reaction around 270 °C, while P666(14)bta does not. In both investigations, it is confirmed that the ionic liquid with the fsi anion in the pure substance has low thermal resistance.

[0090] Example 3 To determine the evaporation loss, trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (P666(14)fsi) and trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (P666(14)bta) were filled into cylindrical threaded vials (bottom area 1.5 cm 2 , height 5 cm). 200 mg of each of the two ILs was accurately weighed. At two test temperatures, vials without spheres (100Cr6 steel balls according to DIN 51350-1, March 2015 edition) and vials with spheres were used respectively. This purpose is to test whether a reaction occurs between the metal of the sphere and the ionic liquid in the vial.

[0091] [Table 2]

[0092]

Table 3

[0093] At a test temperature of 150 °C, there is a difference in the evaporation loss of both ionic liquids in the pure substance. In the sample without spheres, the evaporation loss of P666(14)bta continuously increases over the measurement period. In comparison with this, an overall weight increase is observed in the value of the fsi sample. In the presence of steel balls, it can be seen that P666(14)fsi has a lower evaporation loss than P666(14)bta. With spheres, the overall evaporation loss values for both substances are significantly higher. However, in the case of P666(14)fsi, the value first increases and then decreases again towards the end.

[0094] At 180 °C, the evaporation losses of both substances are naturally higher than those at 150 °C. In contrast to the low test temperature, the trend of the value of P666(14)fsi is not prominent. Nevertheless, towards the end of the period, these become higher than those in the case of P666(14)bta. Generally speaking, the observed values can be understood to involve phenomena such as water absorption / desorption, corrosion of steel balls, and decomposition by the catalyst in addition to decomposition with mass loss. At 180 °C, it is suggested from the test of the substances in pure form that the stability of the IL containing fsi is lower than that of the IL containing bta.

[0095] Example 4 Manufacture of two greases according to the invention and a comparative grease from base grease A Base grease A has a base oil viscosity of about 72 mm at 40 °C 285 wt% of a trimellitic acid ester (TMSE-A) containing a C9-C11 alcohol having an oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.20 / s, aliphatic saturated amines, aliphatic unsaturated amines and aromatic amines, and a reaction product with a mixture from MDI (4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane) and TDI (a mixture of 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene and 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene in a molar ratio of about 4:1), consisting of 11 wt% of a urea thickener. As additives, 0.5 wt% of p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine and 3.5 wt% of another additive (corrosion prevention, antiwear) are used.

[0096] To this base grease A, 5 wt% of P666(14)fsi ( Grease 1 according to the present invention ) or 5 wt% of P666(14)bta ( Comparative grease 2 ) is added, and the mixture is homogenized through a three-roll mill. Grease 3 according to the present invention In the case of, 5 wt% of N1888 fsi is used and incorporated in the same way.

[0097] Compared with base grease A, the specific electrical resistance decreases by about three orders of magnitude. Surprisingly, grease 1 according to the present invention shows a lifespan improved by about 50% at 180 °C compared to comparative grease 2 containing an ionic liquid not according to the present invention. Also, the grease according to the present invention meets the lifespan requirements of DIN 51821 1+2 at 200 °C.

[0098]

Table 4-1

Table 4-2

[0099]

Table 5

[0100] In the life test at 200 °C, Grease 1 according to the present invention shows a remarkable increase in the achieved life of more than 2.5 times based on the L50 value. Similarly, Grease 3 according to the present invention shows a 50% increase in life compared to Base Grease A.

[0101] Example 5 Some greases according to the present invention and comparative greases are manufactured from Base Grease B.

[0102] Base grease B is 84.5 wt% of trimellitic acid ester having linear C8 and C10 alkyl groups present in a ratio of 1:1 (mol) (having an oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.22) (TMSE-B), 13.5 wt% of a urea thickener produced by reacting MDI (4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane) and octylamine in a ratio of 1.2 (mol), 1 wt% of p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine, 1 wt% of a calcium sulfonate corrosion inhibitor additive consisting of.

[0103]

Table 6

[0104] Grease 6 according to the present invention shows an increase in life of about 50% compared to Base Grease B (comparative grease) while maintaining a very steep failure curve (high β value). Grease 7 according to the present invention shows an increase in life of about 40%.

[0105] All greases according to the present invention exceed 100 hours in L50 value, so they meet the requirements of DIN 51821 1+2 at 200 °C. This makes it possible to lower the electrical resistance (see the table below) while maintaining the upper use temperature of 200 °C.

[0106]

Table 7

[0107] The addition of IL P666(14)fsi significantly reduces the specific electrical resistance. On the other hand, the cone penetration only changes slightly, indicating that the thickening effect is not hindered by the ionic liquid.

[0108] Example 6 The specific electrical resistance of a mixture of P666(14)fsi or P666(14)bta in polyglycol was measured.

[0109] As polyglycol A, polyglycol with a kinematic viscosity of 220 mm 2 / s is used. This is a random copolymer from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide in a 1:1 (molar) ratio using glycol as a starter. The oxygen / carbon ratio is 0.53.

[0110] [Table 8]

[0111] [Table 9]

[0112] The table shows that the lubricant composition according to the invention using P666(14)fsi results in a lower specific resistance compared to P666(14)bta.

[0113] This was surprising because, as shown in the following table, the viscosity of P666(14)fsi is higher than that of P666(14)bta.

[0114] [Table 10]

[0115] This suggests that in the case of fsi, the ion pairs are actually more tightly bound, i.e., have lower mobility and should exhibit lower conductivity. However, as shown above, this is surprisingly not the case.

[0116] Example 7 The effect of N1888 fsi on the thermal oxidation stability of ester oil was investigated.

[0117] Trimellitic acid ester B (trimellitic acid ester having linear C8 and C10 alkyl groups present in a ratio of about 1:1 (mol)) is used as the base oil, and p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine is used as the amine-based antioxidant (amine AO).

[0118] [Table 11-1] [Table 11-2]

[0119] The shear viscosity is measured at a shear rate of 300 1 / s at 25 °C in accordance with DIN 53019-1.3. The open dish test is carried out in an aluminum evaporation dish with a diameter of 50 mm. Weigh 5 g ± 0.1 g. The measurement is carried out in a circulating air oven. The measurement is carried out over 24 / 48 / 72 hours. In each case, the evaporation loss is determined and the shear viscosity is measured.

[0120] Oils 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are lubricant compositions according to the present invention.

[0121] Comparing the samples containing only P666(14) fsi (oils 6 and 5) with the samples containing only amine AO (oils 1 and 7), it can be seen that the onset of oxidation is significantly delayed by the ionic liquid.

[0122] The sample in which the amine antioxidant p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine was combined with P666(14)fsi also showed a significant positive effect on the evaporation loss in TGA up to 300 °C, the onset and onset of oxidation in DSC, and the evaporation value in the open dish test (see, for example, the evaporation value after 24 hours).

[0123] Example 8 A solubility test of N1888 fsi in base oils containing base oils with different polarities is carried out. The results are shown in the following table.

[0124] [Table 12]

[0125] The base oil mixture used here has too low a proportion of base oil A, and thus too low a solubility of N1888 fsi, so it is not suitable for the production of the lubricant composition according to the present invention.

[0126] [Table 13]

[0127] The base oil mixture used here has a sufficient proportion of base oil A, and thus a sufficient solubility of N1888 fsi, so it is suitable for the production of the lubricant composition according to the present invention.

[0128] [Table 14]

[0129] The base oil mixture used here has a sufficient proportion of base oil A, and thus a sufficient solubility of N1888 fsi, so it is suitable for the production of the lubricant composition according to the present invention.

[0130] [Table 15]

[0131]

Table 16

[0132] These examples show that the ionic liquid N1888 fsi is miscible with trimellitic acid ester over a very wide concentration range.

[0133] The base oil used here has only base oil A present, and thus the solubility of N1888 fsi is very good, making it suitable for the production of the lubricant composition according to the present invention.

[0134]

Table 17

[0135] The base oil used here has no proportion of base oil A present, and thus the solubility of N1888 fsi is insufficient, making it not suitable for the production of the lubricant composition according to the present invention.

[0136]

Table 18

[0137] The base oil mixture used here has a sufficient proportion of base oil A present, and thus the solubility of N1888 fsi is sufficient, making it suitable for the production of the lubricant composition according to the present invention.

[0138]

Table 19

[0139] The base oil used here has no proportion of base oil A present, and thus the solubility of N1888 fsi is insufficient, making it not suitable for the production of the lubricant composition according to the present invention.

[0140]

Table 20

[0141] The base oil used here is such that only base oil A is present, and thus the solubility of N1888 fsi is very good, so it is suitable for the production of the lubricant composition according to the present invention.

[0142] It can be seen that N1888 fsi can be easily dissolved even in a large amount in a base oil having a proportion of polar base oil exceeding 50% by weight. The polar base oil is selected from esters and polyalkylene glycols produced using ethylene oxide as a component of the reaction mixture.

[0143] Example 9: Starting from base grease C, grease 9 not according to the present invention is produced:

Table 21

[0144] Base grease C is assigned to NLGI class 1. The base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 130 mm 2 / s at 40 °C and is a non-polar mixture from mineral oil / PAO. The oxygen / carbon ratio is approximately 0. The thickener is a mixture from urea / calcium complex soap. Furthermore, usual additives for improving oxidation stability, load-carrying capacity, and protection from corrosion are also included. Adding an ionic liquid does not improve the life, and the L50 value further decreases. It can be seen that in greases where the base oil is non-polar (mineral oil and PAO), no improvement is achieved even when using an ionic liquid.

[0145] Example 10 Lubricating grease D is produced with the following composition: 41% by weight of trimellitic acid ester A, C9 - C11 V 40 approximately 72 mm 2 / s (oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.20) 17 wt% PIB, Mn of approximately 1300 g / mol as determined by GPC (oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.0) 20 wt% alkylated diphenyl ether, V 40 approximately 100 mm 2 / s (oxygen / carbon ratio of 0.04) Lithium complex thickener from 13 wt% azelaic acid / 12-hydroxystearic acid 4 wt% amine antioxidant 5 wt% additive package for corrosion prevention, AW and EP.

[0146] The weight ratio of trimellitic acid ester A in the total base oil is 52.6 wt%.

[0147]

Table 22

[0148] The composition according to the invention shows advantages with respect to the reduction of specific resistance, low temperature behavior (flow pressure) and avoidance of hardening (without increase in kinematic viscosity) when stored at 180 °C.

[0149] Example 11: Solubility investigation of N8881 fsi in an estride-based oil

Table 23

[0150] N8881 fsi is soluble in the estride-based oil in the investigated concentration range. The specific resistance decreases as the amount of IL increases.

[0151] The base oil used here has only base oil A present, and thus the solubility of N1888 fsi is sufficient, making it suitable for the production of the lubricant composition according to the invention.

[0152] Evaluation of test results Generally, it has been proven that lubricant compositions, especially greases, containing fsi-based ionic liquids as anions can achieve performance values within the range of products to which bta-based ionic liquids are added. Therefore, fsi-based ionic liquids are excellent alternatives to ionic liquids containing bta. Furthermore, fsi-based additives have the advantage of not containing hardly decomposable CFx groups compared to additives containing bta.

[0153] In an experiment examining P666(14)fsi in pure form, as expected, it was shown to have lower thermal stability compared to P666(14)bta. This can mainly be explained by the lack of strong carbon-fluorine bonds within the anion, which affects the stability of the whole molecule.

[0154] Surprisingly, the performance difference between the two ionic liquids becomes significantly lower when they are used as additives in grease. The values of the tested properties indicate that P666(14)fsi exhibits very similar performance to P666(14)bta in the observed grease systems. High-temperature and / or low-temperature properties as well as conductivity criteria can be met by using fsi materials as additives within the observed temperature range.

[0155] Furthermore, the lubricant composition according to the present invention can also meet the criteria regarding corrosion stability.

[0156] Generally, it has been shown that lubricant compositions having fsi-based ionic liquids are excellent alternatives to lubricant compositions having bta-containing ionic liquids from the perspective of their performance. Furthermore, the lubricant composition according to the present invention does not have hardly decomposable CFx groups and is therefore biodegradable.

[0157] Test method To determine the solubility of ionic liquid N1888 fsi in base oil or base oils, one or more base oils forming the base oil are placed in a beaker, and N1888 fsi is added at each concentration. The mixture is stirred at 60 °C for 10 minutes using a magnetic stirrer. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture is visually inspected and the electrical resistance is measured. N1888 fsi is insoluble in a base oil or base oils at a specific concentration if the turbidity value is more than 1 FNU higher than the turbidity of the pure base oil or base oils during turbidity measurement at 25 °C according to DIN EN ISO 7027-1:2016-11. N1888 fsi is similarly insoluble in a base oil or base oils at a specific concentration if two or more phases are formed. N1888 fsi is insoluble in a base oil or base oils at a specific concentration if the turbidity value is more than 1 FNU higher than the turbidity of the pure base oil or base oils during turbidity measurement at 25 °C according to DIN EN ISO 7027-1:2016-11. Preferably, Hach's 2100AN IS is used as the measuring device.

[0158] To determine the kinematic viscosity at 40 °C and 100 °C, the viscosity index at 40 °C and 100 °C, and the density, unless otherwise specified, a Stabinger viscometer compliant with ASTM D 7042 January 2021 edition is used.

[0159] Determination of carbon content: ASTM D 5291:2021 is used for the determination of carbon content.

[0160] JPI-5S-68-11 is used for the determination of oxygen content.

[0161] The oxygen / carbon weight ratio is obtained by dividing the oxygen mass fraction (wt%) determined according to JPI-5S-68-11 by the carbon mass fraction (wt%) determined according to ASTM D 5291:2021.

Claims

1. A lubricant composition comprising: a) a base oil in an amount of 20 to 99.5% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, the base oil having a solubility of at least 3% by weight with respect to the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20 °C, the base oil having at least 50% by weight of base oil A based on the total weight of the base oil, the base oil A having a solubility of at least 3% by weight with respect to the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20 °C, the base oil; b) an ionic liquid in an amount of 0.5 to 80% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, the anion of which is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide A lubricant composition comprising the same.

2. The lubricant composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the base oil A is present in a proportion of 50 to 100% by weight and / or more than 55% by weight, for example 55 to 100% by weight, and / or more than 60% by weight, for example 60 to 100% by weight, more preferably more than 70% by weight, for example 70 to 100% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the base oil.

3. The lubricant composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the proportion of the base oil based on the total weight of the lubricant composition is 40% to 95% by weight, more preferably 60% to 90% by weight, even more preferably 70% to 95% by weight, particularly 75% to 85% by weight.

4. The lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the proportion of the base oil A based on the total weight of the lubricant composition is 10% to 99.5% by weight, more preferably 35% to 95% by weight, even more preferably 40% to 90% by weight, particularly 35% to 85% by weight.

5. The lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the base oil A is an ester and / or a polyglycol, preferably a polyglycol containing unsubstituted ethylene units as carbon groups in the repeating units.

6. The lubricant composition according to claim 5, wherein the ester has an oxygen / carbon weight ratio of more than 0.1, for example 0.2 to 0.35, and / or the polyglycol has an oxygen / carbon weight ratio of more than 0.44, for example 0.44 to 0.

70.

7. The lubricant composition according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the polyglycol is selected from homopolymers from ethylene oxide as the only monomer and / or copolymers having unsubstituted ethyl groups and 1-methylethyl groups as carbon groups in the repeating units, and the weight ratio of the unsubstituted ethylene units in the copolymer is preferably at least 20% by weight, for example 20% to 90% by weight, preferably at least 30% by weight, for example 30% to 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyglycol, and the end groups of the polyglycol are, independently of each other, preferably hydroxide groups and / or C1-C20 alkoxide groups.

8. The lubricant composition according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the ester is selected from carboxylic acid esters, preferably monoesters, diesters, triesters, tetraesters, pentaesters, polyesters, preferably estolides and mixtures thereof.

9. The lubricant composition according to claim 5, 6 or 8, wherein the ester is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic esters of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 5 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic tri-, tetra-, hexaalcohols having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, present individually or as a mixture, in particular trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol and / or dipentaerythritol, and / or aliphatic esters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having 6 to 20 carbon atoms and aliphatic mono- and / or dialcohols having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, present individually or as a mixture, estolides, aromatic esters of aromatic tri- and tetracarboxylic acids and aliphatic C7-C22 alcohols, present individually or as a mixture, and mixtures thereof.

10. The base oil contains the base oil A in a mixture with a base oil B, and the base oil B has a solubility of less than 3% by weight in ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at room temperature of 20°C. The lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. The base oil B is a base oil B1 having a maximum oxygen / carbon weight ratio of 0.1, for example 0 to 0.1, and / or the base oil B is a base oil B2 having a proportion of halogen and / or silicon of more than 5% by weight based on the total weight of the base oil B2. The lubricant composition according to claim 10.

12. The base oil B is a group consisting of base oils of groups I, II, II+, III, IV according to the classification of the American Petroleum Institute (API) [NLGI Spokesman, N. Samman, Volume 70, Number 11, p.14ff], and group V base oils, preferably diphenyl ether, alkylated naphthalene, polyisobutylene, silicone oil, polytetrahydrofuran and oxetane polymer, and a polyalkylene glycol having ethylene units substituted with aliphatic and / or aromatic alkyl groups, wherein the weight ratio of unsubstituted ethylene units in the polyalkylene glycol is less than 20% by weight based on the total weight of the polyalkylene glycol, a polyalkylene glycol, and an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 22 to 40 carbon atoms, preferably 34 to 38 carbon atoms, and an aliphatic mono- and / or dialcohol having 6 to 22 carbon atoms present individually or as a mixture, an aliphatic ester, an aliphatic tricarboxylic acid having 33 to 60 carbon atoms, preferably 50 to 58 carbon atoms, and an aliphatic mono- and / or dialcohol having 6 to 22 carbon atoms present individually or as a mixture, and an aliphatic ester and mixtures thereof. The lubricant composition according to claim 10 or 11.

13. The proportion of the base oil B is, in each case, at most 48% by weight, for example 5 to 48% by weight, more preferably at most 40% by weight, for example 10% by weight to 40% by weight, particularly at most 30% by weight, for example 10 to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and / or the weight ratio of base oil A to base oil B is at least 50:50, particularly preferably at least 60:40, more preferably at least 70:30, particularly at least 80:

20. The lubricant composition according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized by the above.

14. The weight ratio of base oil A to base oil B is 50:50 to 60:40, and the proportion of the ionic liquid in which the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is 0.5 to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and / or the weight ratio of base oil A to base oil B is 60:40 to 70:30, and the proportion of the ionic liquid in which the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is 0.5% by weight to 15% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and / or the weight ratio of base oil A to base oil B is 70:30 to 90:10, and the proportion of the ionic liquid in which the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is 0.5% by weight to 40% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and / or the weight ratio of base oil A to base oil B is 80:20 to 90:10, and the proportion of the ionic liquid in which the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is 0.5% by weight to 80% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. The lubricant composition according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized by the above.

15. 20 mm at 40 °C ２ / s to 1500 mm ２ / s, preferably 20 mm ２ / s to 320 mm ２ The lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that it has a kinematic viscosity of 20 mm

16. The ionic liquid has a cation selected from the group consisting of symmetric and asymmetric ammonium ions, NR １ R ２ R ３ R ４ + and phosphonium ions PR １ R ２ R ３ R ４ +, and the residues R １ to R ４ are, independently of one another, branched or unbranched, substituted or unsubstituted C １ - to C ２４ -, preferably C １ - to C １８ -, particularly preferably C ６ - to C １８ - alkyl groups or C ６ - to C ３０ - aryl groups, and the lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15 is characterized in that it can be such.

17. The lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized by having no ionic liquid in which the anion is not bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide or having an ionic liquid in which the anion is not bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at a proportion of at most 0.5% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

18. The lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized by not having an ionic liquid containing a perfluoroalkyl group or having an ionic liquid containing a perfluoroalkyl group in a proportion of at most 0.5% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

19. The ionic liquid in which the anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide 【Chemical 1】 methyltrioctylammonium - bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide 【Chemical 2】 tributyltetradecylphosphonium - bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide [Chemical Formula 3] tetraoctylphosphonium - bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide 【Chemical 4】 and is selected from the group consisting of mixtures thereof, the lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

20. The lubricant composition contains a thickener in a proportion of 3 to 35% by weight, more preferably 4 to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and the thickener is preferably selected from urea, aluminum complex soap, metal - simple soaps of elements of Group 1 and Group 2 of the periodic table, particularly lithium simple soap, metal - complex soaps of elements of Group 1 and Group 2 of the periodic table, particularly lithium complex soap, bentonite, sulfonate, silicate, polyimide, and mixtures thereof, the lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 19.

21. The thickener is urea, preferably a diisocyanate, preferably 2,4 - diisocyanatotoluene, 2,6 - diisocyanatotoluene, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 2,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato - 3,3'-dimethyldiphenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato - 3,3'-dimethylphenylmethane (these can be used individually or in combination), and an amine or diamine of the general formula (H ２ N) ｘ R [wherein x = 1 or 2, and R is an aryl residue, alkyl residue, cycloalkyl residue or alkylene residue having 2 to 22 carbon atoms, and these exist individually or in combination], and is urea which is a reaction product thereof. The lubricant composition according to claim 20, characterized in that it is such.

22. The thickener contains a diurea containing an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic / aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic urea, preferably Formula A 【Chemical Formula 5】 is a diurea represented by In the formula, R ２ is a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon residue having 6 to 15 carbon atoms, and R １ and R ３ are each independently a C6-20 cycloalkyl residue, especially a cyclohexyl residue or a linear or branched C8-20 alkyl residue, and the lubricant composition according to claim 20 or 21.

23. The thickener is a lithium complex soap, preferably starting from C4-C36 dicarboxylic acids, advantageously azelaic acid, sebacic acid, suberic acid, terephthalic acid, dodecanedioic acid, and / or higher functionality higher carboxylic acids having 3 or more, advantageously 3-4 carboxylic acid groups (the number of carbon groups can be 6-60), for example, preferably starting from citric acid and trimeric acid, and / or one or more of the aforementioned acids, each in combination with one or more monocarboxylic acids, advantageously one or more C4-C24 monocarboxylic acids, advantageously stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid, especially 12-hydroxystearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, and esters compounds combined with salicylic acid, especially methyl esters and / or triglycerides, ester compounds of one or more of the aforementioned acids, especially methyl esters and / or triglycerides and / or sebacic acid monostearylamide and / or terephthalic acid monostearylamide, and is a lithium complex soap produced starting from a combination thereof, a lubricant composition according to any one of claims 20 to 22.

24. As an additive, an aromatic amine, preferably an aromatic amine selected from styrenated diphenylamine, phenyl-α-naphthylamine, phenyl-β-naphthylamine, octylated and / or butylated diphenylamine, especially p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine, nonylated diphenylamine, is contained in a proportion of preferably 0.5% by weight to 23% by weight, more preferably 0.5% by weight to 20% by weight, especially 0.5% by weight to 10% by weight based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, a lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 23.

25. Having a lower use temperature of -30°C or lower, preferably -40°C or lower and / or an upper use temperature of at least +160°C, preferably at least +180°C according to IP 186, 2015 edition and / or according to DIN 51821 1+2, July 2016 edition, a lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 24.

26. Use of a lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 25 for lubricating a drive element to which a potential is advantageously applied, advantageously a rolling bearing, a transmission mechanism, a sliding bearing, an actuator and / or a chain.

27. Use according to claim 26, characterized in that the drive element is selected from pulley bearings, fan bearings, vacuum pump bearings, in particular rolling bearings of electric motors of hybrid and electric vehicles, in particular generators of electric and railway vehicles, wind turbines, industrial motors, auxiliary units of vehicles and / or joints of vehicles.

28. Use according to claim 26 or 27, characterized in that the lubricant composition is used for lubricating a drive element, advantageously a rolling bearing, which requires a lower use temperature of -30 °C or lower, preferably -40 °C or lower, according to IP 186, Edition 2015, and / or an upper use temperature of at least +160 °C, preferably at least +180 °C, determined according to DIN 51821 1+2, Edition July 2016.

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