Head-up display system and method for designing a head-up display system

Abstract

In an embodiment of the present application, a head-up display system (1) and a design method of the head-up display system (1) are provided. The head-up display system (1) includes a laminated glass (10), a projection assembly (20), and an eyebox (EB1). The laminated glass (10) has at least one projection display area (11), and each projection display area (11) has a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape in which the thickness of the laminated glass (10) at the upper edge (111) of the projection display area (11) is greater than the thickness of the laminated glass (10) at the lower edge (112) of the projection display area (11) when the laminated glass (10) is attached to a vehicle, and has a segment (113) in which the wedge angle continuously decreases in the direction from the lower edge (112) to the upper edge (111). The projection assembly (20) includes at least one projection light source (21), and projection light rays emitted from the projection light source (21) are incident on the projection display area (11) to form a projection image (114) having a virtual image plane (TB10). The eyebox (EB1) includes an eyebox plane (EB10) for observing the projection image (114) through the projection display area (11). The virtual image plane (TB10) includes a plurality of sub-virtual image planes (TB11), each sub-virtual image plane (TB11) includes an upper virtual image plane (TB112) and a lower virtual image plane (TB113), and the upper virtual image plane (TB112) and / or the lower virtual image plane (TB113) of at least one sub-virtual image plane (TB11) is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane (TB11) from the sub-eyebox plane (EB11), and the forward tilt angle thereof is 45° or more. With the head-up display system (1) according to the present application, the problem of projection ghost images can be weakened and further eliminated, and the riding comfort and driving experience can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicles, and specifically to a head-up display system and a design method for a head-up display system.

Background Art

[0002] As vehicle intelligence progresses, head-up display (HUD) systems are being increasingly applied to vehicles. Images such as driving information are displayed in real time in front of the windshield through the head-up display system. Usually, the windshield is a laminated glass. Also, considering the actual complex usage situations of vehicles, different drivers have different sitting postures at different heights, and the observation position of a person's eyes is an envelope space. Due to these, using a laminated glass with a fixed wedge angle cannot well solve the problem of ghost images at different viewing angles. Generally, different wedge angles can be set for different projection display areas of the laminated glass, that is, by using a laminated glass with a variable wedge angle, the ghost images can be weakened. The virtual image plane of a conventional HUD image is perpendicular to the ground and is designed to face the driver. Due to such a virtual image plane, the distribution of points of the theoretical wedge angle for removing ghost images in different projection display areas of the laminated glass is too discrete. Also, an augmented reality head-up display (AR-HUD) covers more lanes and provides more abundant information such as navigation warnings. In that case, the field of view (FOV) is enlarged, for example, to 10°×5°, and further to 20°×5°, thereby increasing the area of the projection display area. Therefore, the problem that the distribution of points of the theoretical wedge angle in the projection display area for removing ghost images is too discrete becomes more serious, so that even if a projection display area with a variable wedge angle is adopted, the ghost image problem cannot be well solved, which affects the riding comfort and driving experience.

Summary of the Invention

[0003] In a first aspect, the present application provides a head-up display system. The head-up display system includes a combiner glass, a projection assembly, and an eyebox. The combiner glass has at least one projection display area, and each projection display area has a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape in which the thickness of the combiner glass at the upper edge of the projection display area is greater than the thickness of the combiner glass at the lower edge of the projection display area when the combiner glass is attached to the vehicle, and has a segment in which the wedge angle continuously decreases in the direction from the lower edge to the upper edge. The projection assembly includes at least one projection light source that can project onto the at least one projection display area, and projection light rays emitted from the projection light source are incident on the projection display area to form a projection image, and the projection image has a virtual image plane. The eyebox includes an eyebox surface for observing the projection image through the projection display area. The eyebox surface includes a plurality of sub-eyebox surfaces, the virtual image plane includes a plurality of sub-virtual image planes corresponding to the plurality of sub-eyebox surfaces, each sub-virtual image plane includes an upper virtual image plane and a lower virtual image plane, and the upper virtual image plane and / or the lower virtual image plane of at least one sub-virtual image plane is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane from the sub-eyebox surface, and the forward tilt angle thereof is 45° or more.

[0004] In a second aspect, the present application provides a design method for a head-up display system. The design method for a head-up display system includes the following content. Provide a projection assembly and a combiner glass. Projection light rays emitted from the projection assembly are incident on at least one projection display area of the combiner glass. Design an eyebox surface located inside the vehicle based on an observer inside the vehicle. Based on the projection image observed by an observer inside the vehicle through each projection display area, design a virtual image plane that is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane from the sub-eyebox surface. Here, the glove box surface includes a plurality of sub - glove box surfaces, the virtual image surface includes a plurality of sub - virtual image surfaces, each sub - virtual image surface corresponds to one sub - glove box surface, each sub - virtual image surface includes an upper virtual image surface and a lower virtual image surface, and the upper virtual image surface and / or the lower virtual image surface of at least one sub - virtual image surface is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub - virtual image surface from the sub - glove box surface, and the forward tilt angle thereof is 45° or more. Select an observation dot matrix on each sub - glove box surface, select a virtual image dot matrix on each sub - virtual image surface, the connection line between the point in the observation dot matrix and the point in the virtual image dot matrix passes through the corresponding projection display area, and the intersection point of the connection line and the projection display area is the incident point. Based on the projection assembly, the combined glass, and a plurality of connection lines, calculate a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values of the combined glass when the projection image has no secondary image at the corresponding incident point. Based on the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the glass bottom edge of the combined glass, perform fitting to obtain a first theoretical wedge angle approximation line of the wedge angle associated with the distance from the incident point to the glass bottom edge. Based on the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line, determine the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area of the combined glass.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0005]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Figure 11

Figure 12

Figure 13

Figure 14

Figure 15

Figure 16

Figure 17

Figure 18

Figure 19

Figure 20

Figure 21

Figure 22

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a head-up display system. The head-up display system includes a combined glass, a projection assembly, and an eye box. The combined glass has at least one projection display area, and each projection display area has a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape in which the thickness of the combined glass at the upper edge of the projection display area is greater than the thickness of the combined glass at the lower edge of the projection display area when the combined glass is attached to the vehicle, and has a segment in which the wedge angle continuously decreases in the direction from the lower edge to the upper edge. The projection assembly includes at least one projection light source capable of projecting onto the at least one projection display area, and projection light rays emitted from the projection light source are incident on the projection display area to form a projection image, and the projection image has a virtual image surface. The eyebox has an eyebox plane for viewing the projected image through the projected display area. The eyebox plane includes a plurality of sub-eyebox planes, and the virtual image plane includes a plurality of sub-virtual image planes corresponding to the plurality of sub-eyebox planes, each of which includes an upper virtual image plane and a lower virtual image plane, and the upper virtual image plane and / or the lower virtual image plane of at least one of the sub-virtual image planes is inclined from the sub-eyebox plane toward the direction in which the corresponding sub-virtual image plane is observed, with the forward inclination angle being 45° or more.

[0007] At least one upper virtual image plane and / or lower virtual image plane of the sub-virtual image plane is inclined from the sub-eyebox plane toward the direction in which the corresponding sub-virtual image plane is viewed, and the forward inclination angle is 75° or more.

[0008] At least one sub-virtual image plane is inclined from the sub-eyebox plane toward the direction in which the corresponding sub-virtual image plane is viewed, and the forward inclination angle is 45° or more.

[0009] At least one sub-virtual image plane is inclined from the sub-eyebox plane toward the direction in which the corresponding sub-virtual image plane is viewed, and the forward inclination angle is 75° or more.

[0010] The distance between the vertex of the sub-virtual image surface and the center point of the corresponding sub-eyebox surface is VID1, and the distance between the bottom point of the sub-virtual image surface and the center point of the corresponding sub-eyebox surface is VID2, where VID1 and VID2 satisfy VID1>VID2.

[0011] VID1 and VID2 satisfy VID1 / VID2≧1.5.

[0012] There are a measured wedge angle and a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values for removing secondary images at any point within the segment. The measured wedge angles at each point within the segment are fitted to obtain an approximation line of the actual wedge angle, and the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values at each point within the segment are fitted to obtain a first theoretical wedge angle approximation line. The maximum deviation value between the approximation line of the actual wedge angle and the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line is 0.07 mrad or less.

[0013] Both the approximation line of the actual wedge angle and the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line conform to a polynomial function.

[0014] The maximum rate of change ROC at which the wedge angle within the segment continuously and monotonically decreases satisfies ROC ≤ 0.3 mrad / 100 mm, or ROC ≤ 0.2 mrad / 100 mm, or ROC ≤ 0.1 mrad / 100 mm, or ROC ≤ 0.05 mrad / 100 mm.

[0015] The angle formed between two adjacent sub virtual image planes among the plurality of sub virtual image planes is 15° or less.

[0016] In the direction from the glass bottom edge to the glass top edge of the combined glass, the ratio of the length of the segment to the length of the projection display area is 70% or more.

[0017] The at least one projection display area includes at least one first projection display area and at least one second projection display area. The projection light source is configured to project light rays onto the first projection display area to form a first projection image, and the virtual image distance of the first projection image is 7 m to 100 m. The projection light source is configured to project light rays onto the second projection display area to form a second projection image, and the virtual image distance of the second projection image is 1 m to 6 m.

[0018] The at least one projection light source includes at least one first projection light source and at least one second projection light source. The first projection light source is configured to project light rays onto a first projection display area, and the second projection light source is configured to project light rays onto a second projection display area.

[0019] The bonding glass includes a first transparent substrate, a second transparent substrate, and an intermediate adhesive layer provided between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate for bonding the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate. At least one of the first transparent substrate, the second transparent substrate, and the intermediate adhesive layer has a wedge angle in the projection display area.

[0020] The wedge angles of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate in the projection display area are both 0, the intermediate adhesive layer has a wedge angle in the projection display area, and the wedge angle of the intermediate adhesive layer in the projection display area is equal to the wedge angle of the projection display area.

[0021] The first transparent substrate and / or the second transparent substrate has a wedge angle in the projection display area, the intermediate adhesive layer has a wedge angle in the projection display area, and the sum of the wedge angle of the first transparent substrate and / or the second transparent substrate in the projection display area and the wedge angle of the intermediate adhesive layer in the projection display area is equal to the wedge angle of the projection display area.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for designing a head-up display system. The method for designing a head-up display system includes the following. Providing a projection assembly and a bonding glass. Projection light rays emitted from the projection assembly are incident on at least one projection display area of the bonding glass. Designing an eyebox plane located inside the vehicle based on an observer inside the vehicle. Designing a virtual image plane that is inclined in a direction of observing a corresponding sub-virtual image plane from a sub-eyebox plane based on a projection image observed by an observer inside the vehicle through each projection display area. Here, the glove box surface includes a plurality of sub - glove box surfaces, the virtual image surface includes a plurality of sub - virtual image surfaces, each sub - virtual image surface corresponds to one sub - glove box surface, each sub - virtual image surface includes an upper virtual image surface and a lower virtual image surface, and the upper virtual image surface and / or the lower virtual image surface of at least one sub - virtual image surface is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub - virtual image surface from the sub - glove box surface, and the forward inclination angle thereof is 45° or more. Select an observation dot matrix on each sub - glove box surface, select a virtual image dot matrix on each sub - virtual image surface, the connection line between the point in the observation dot matrix and the point in the virtual image dot matrix passes through the corresponding projection display area, and the intersection point of the connection line and the projection display area is the incident point. Based on the projection assembly, the combining glass, and a plurality of connection lines, calculate a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values of the combining glass when the projection image has no secondary image at the corresponding incident point. Based on the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the glass bottom of the combining glass, perform fitting to obtain a first theoretical wedge angle approximation line of the wedge angle associated with the distance from the incident point to the glass bottom. Based on the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line, determine the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area of the combining glass.

[0023] Designing a virtual image surface inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub - virtual image surface from the sub - glove box surface based on the projection image observed by the observer in the vehicle through each projection display area includes designing at least one sub - virtual image surface that is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub - virtual image surface from the sub - glove box surface and has a forward inclination angle of 45° or more.

[0024] Designing a virtual image surface inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub - virtual image surface from the sub - glove box surface based on the projection image observed by the observer in the vehicle through each projection display area When the upper virtual image plane and / or the lower virtual image plane of the sub-virtual image plane is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane from the sub-eye box plane, it includes that VID1 and VID2 satisfy VID1>VID2. Here, the distance between the vertex of the sub-virtual image plane and the center point of the corresponding sub-eye box plane is VID1, and the distance between the bottom point of the sub-virtual image plane and the center point of the corresponding sub-eye box plane is VID2.

[0025] VID1 and VID2 satisfy VID1 / VID2≧1.5.

[0026] Based on the projected images observed by the observer in the vehicle through each projection display area, designing a virtual image plane that is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane from the sub-eye box plane includes designing the angle formed between two adjacent sub-virtual image planes among the plurality of sub-virtual image planes to be 15° or less.

[0027] The value of the ratio of the maximum local range ΔW of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values to the overall range ΔC of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values satisfies ΔW / ΔC≦0.9.

[0028] The at least one projection display area includes at least two first projection display areas or at least two second projection display areas. After fitting to obtain at least two first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines of the wedge angle associated with the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the glass, when the maximum deviation value between two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines is greater than 0.15 mrad, after determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area of the combined glass based on the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line, the design method of the head-up display system further adjusts the distance between the eye box plane and the virtual image plane corresponding to one of the two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines recalculates a new plurality of theoretical wedge angle values Fitting is performed based on a plurality of new theoretical wedge angle values and the distances from the incident points corresponding to the respective theoretical wedge angle values to the glass bottom edge, to obtain a second theoretical wedge angle approximation line of the wedge angle associated with the distance from the incident point to the glass bottom edge. Determine whether the maximum deviation value between the second theoretical wedge angle approximation line and the other one of two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines is 0.15 mrad or less. If it is determined to be "no", repeat the above procedure. If it is determined to be "yes", based on the second theoretical wedge angle approximation line, determine the wedge angle value in the corresponding first projection display area or the second projection display area of the laminated glass. Including.

[0029] The at least one projection display area includes at least one first projection display area and at least one second projection display area. Fitting is performed to obtain at least two first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines of the wedge angle associated with the distance from the incident point to the glass bottom edge. When the maximum deviation value between two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines is greater than 0.2 mrad, after determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area of the laminated glass based on the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line, the design method of the head-up display system further includes Adjusting the distance between the eyebox plane and the virtual image plane corresponding to one of two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines. Recalculating a plurality of new theoretical wedge angle values. Fitting is performed based on a plurality of new theoretical wedge angle values and the distances from the incident points corresponding to the respective theoretical wedge angle values to the glass bottom edge, to obtain a third theoretical wedge angle approximation line of the wedge angle associated with the distance from the incident point to the glass bottom edge. Determine whether the maximum deviation value between the third theoretical wedge angle approximation line and the other one of two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines is 0. 2 mrad or less. If it is determined to be "no", repeat the above procedure. If it is determined to be "yes", based on the third theoretical wedge angle approximation line, determine the wedge angle value in the corresponding first projection display area or the second projection display area of the laminated glass, and includes.

[0030] The set of adjusted multiple theoretical wedge angle values has a maximum local range ΔWU, the set of adjusted multiple theoretical wedge angle values has an overall range ΔCU, and the value of the ratio of ΔWU to ΔCU satisfies ΔWU / ΔCU≦0.9.

[0031] Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and comprehensively described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0032] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification, claims and drawings of the present application are for distinguishing different objects and not for explaining a specific order. Also, the terms "comprising", "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover and not exclude including other components. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device comprising a series of operations or units is not limited to the listed operations or units, and may optionally include operations or units not listed, or may optionally include other operations or units specific to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0033] As used herein, the term "example" or "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the example or embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The term appearing anywhere in the specification does not necessarily indicate the same embodiment, nor does it indicate an independent embodiment or a candidate embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art can explicitly or implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0034] In the present application, since the above-mentioned laminated glass is a transparent medium, after the light rays emitted from the projection light source are incident on the laminated glass, they are reflected by the inner surface of the laminated glass, enter the eyebox surface, and form a first virtual image in front of the glass, which is called the main image. In addition, the light rays emitted from the projection light source are reflected again by the outer surface of the laminated glass, enter the eyebox surface, and form a second virtual image by imaging in front of the laminated glass. When there is a high-reflection medium layer in the laminated glass, for example, a metal coating containing Ag, a modified polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with a high reflectivity, etc., reflection may occur, and a third virtual image and even more virtual images may be formed. The second virtual image, the third virtual image, and even more virtual images are collectively referred to as secondary images. In order to remove the secondary images, it is necessary to provide corresponding wedge angles in the projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10, so that the secondary images and the main image can be superimposed, and thus the observer can observe a head-up display (HUD) image without secondary images through the projection display area 11. The light rays forming the HUD image are reflected at different areas of the projection display area 11 and enter the eyebox EB1 at different angles, and the light rays of the HUD image entering the eyebox EB, also have different angles depending on the different sitting postures of the observer in the driver's cab. Therefore, it is necessary to provide different wedge angles in different areas of the projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10.

[0035] Embodiments of the present application provide a head-up display system 1. Referring collectively to FIGS. 1, 2, 3, and 4. In this embodiment, the head-up display system 1 includes a laminated glass 10, a projection assembly 20, and an eyebox EB1. The laminated glass 10 has at least one projection display area 11. Each projection display area 11 has a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape in which the thickness of the laminated glass 10 at the upper edge 111 of the projection display area 11 is greater than the thickness of the laminated glass 10 at the lower edge 112 of the projection display area 11 when the laminated glass 10 is attached to the vehicle, and has a segment 113 in which the wedge angle continuously decreases in the direction from the lower edge 112 to the upper edge 111. The projection assembly 20 includes at least one projection light source 21 that can project onto the at least one projection display area 11. The projection light rays emitted from the projection light source 21 are incident on the projection display area 11 to form a projection image 114, and the projection image 114 has a virtual image plane TB10. The eyebox EB1 includes an eyebox plane EB10 for observing the projection image 114 through the projection display area 11. The eyebox plane EB10 includes a plurality of sub-eyebox planes EB11 from low to high, and the virtual image plane TB10 includes a plurality of sub-virtual image planes TB11 from high to low corresponding to the plurality of sub-eyebox planes EB11. Each sub-virtual image plane TB11 includes an upper virtual image plane TB112 and a lower virtual image plane TB113. The upper virtual image plane TB112 and / or the lower virtual image plane TB113 of at least one sub-virtual image plane TB11 is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11 from the sub-eyebox plane EB11, and the forward tilt angle with respect to the vertical plane is 45° or more. After the laminated glass 10 is attached to the vehicle, the lower edge 112 can refer to an edge closer to the vehicle chassis than the upper edge 111 of the projection display area 11, and the upper edge 111 can refer to an edge closer to the vehicle roof than the lower edge 112 of the projection display area 11.

[0036] Note that Fig. 2 shows that the number of sub - image box surfaces EB11 and sub - virtual image surfaces TB11 is three each, and the number of sub - image box surfaces EB11 and sub - virtual image surfaces TB11 is not limited. Fig. 3 shows that one sub - virtual image surface TB11 is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub - virtual image surface TB11 from the sub - image box surface EB11. The vertical plane is a plane that is perpendicular to the ground and perpendicular to the direction of observing the corresponding sub - virtual image surface TB11 from the sub - image box surface EB11.

[0037] In this embodiment, each projection display area 11 has a segment 113 whose wedge angle continuously decreases in the direction from the lower edge 112 to the upper edge 111. As can be understood, in each projection display area 11, the wedge angle of the segment 113 may decrease linearly / non - linearly. Except for this segment 113, the wedge angle of other segments in the projection display area 11 may be equal to 0, may be a constant wedge angle, may increase linearly / non - linearly, may decrease linearly / non - linearly, or may continuously decrease together with the wedge angle of this segment 113.

[0038] In this embodiment, the head-up display system 1 is applied to a vehicle and realizes information display in front of the windshield. The head-up display system 1 includes a projection assembly 20. The image projected onto the at least one projection display area 11 by the projection assembly 20 includes at least one of one or more types of HUD images, HUD images at one or more angles, and HUD images at one or more display distances. Thereby, the head-up display system 1 can display a plurality of pieces of information, and the richness of the image display of the head-up display system 1 is enhanced. The at least one projection display area 11 is used for displaying a HUD image. Specifically, the at least one projection display area 11 can be used to set an Augmented Reality Head Up Display (AR-HUD), a Windshield Head Up Display (W-HUD), or the like.

[0039] In this embodiment, the projection assembly 20 includes at least one projection light source 21 that projects onto the at least one projection display area 11. One projection light source 21 is arranged corresponding to one projection display area 11, or one projection light source 21 is arranged corresponding to a plurality of projection display areas 11. In one embodiment, the projection light rays emitted from the projection light source 21 are directly incident on the projection display area 11. In another embodiment, the projection light rays emitted from the projection light source 21 are incident on the projection display area 11 through a reflecting device. The projection light rays emitted from the projection light source 21 are incident on the projection display area 11 to form a projection image 114, and the projection image 114 is displayed in front of the combined glass 10 and has a virtual image plane TB10 located outside the vehicle when the combined glass 10 is attached to the vehicle.

[0040] In the present embodiment, the eyepiece box EB1 simulates the eyes of a driver for observing the projection image 114 in the driver's cab of the vehicle. The eyepiece box EB1 has an eyepiece box surface EB10 for observing the projection image 114 through the projection display area 11. The eyepiece box surface EB10 is perpendicular to the ground and is a central cross-section of the eyepiece box EB1 perpendicular to the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image surface TB11 from the sub-eyepiece box surface EB11.

[0041] Next, an example in which the head-up display system 1 is applied to the windshield of the vehicle will be described. The projection light rays emitted from the projection light source 21 in the projection assembly 20 are incident on the projection display area 11. At least a part of the projection light rays are reflected by the projection display area 11, enter the eyepiece box surface EB10, and form a projection image 114 in front of the windshield 10 of the vehicle. The projection image 114 has a virtual image surface TB10. Depending on the height of the position of the eyepiece box EB1 in the driver's cab of the vehicle, the eyepiece box surface EB10 includes a plurality of sub-eyepiece box surfaces EB11 from a lower position to a higher position. Accordingly, by the projection light rays forming the projection image 114 entering the sub-eyepiece box surfaces EB11 at different positions, the projection image 114 has sub-virtual image surfaces TB11 at different positions. Virtual image plane TB10It includes a plurality of sub-virtual image planes TB11 from high to low corresponding to a plurality of sub-box surfaces EB11 from low to high. Since the combined glass 10 has a certain thickness, when the projection light rays emitted from the projection light source 21 are incident on the projection display area 11, the projection light rays are reflected by the inner surface of the combined glass 10 to the box surface EB10 to form the main image of the projection image 114, and the projection light rays are reflected by the outer surface of the combined glass 10 and / or the high-reflection medium layer inside the combined glass 10 to the box surface EB10 to form one or more sub-images. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a wedge angle for removing the sub-images in the projection display area 11, that is, to overlap the sub-images with the main image. Also, when observing the same point in the projection display area 11 from different points on the box surface EB10, the theoretical wedge angle values for removing the sub-images are different. Therefore, at each point in the projection display area 11, there are a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values for removing the sub-images. However, in the actual manufacture of the combined glass 10, since there can be only one wedge angle value at each point in the projection display area 11, it is necessary to calculate the optimal wedge angle value by fitting the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values at each point in the projection display area 11.

[0042] In the prior art, since the virtual image plane of the conventional head-up display system is substantially perpendicular to the ground, the degree of discrete distribution of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values at each point for removing the sub-images in the projection display area 11 is relatively large. Therefore, the deviation between the selected wedge angle value at each point in the projection display area 11 and the theoretical wedge angle value for removing the sub-images is large, and thus the difficulty of removing the sub-images by the head-up display system 1 is high and the effect is poor.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, in the head-up display system 1 according to the present application, each sub virtual image plane TB11 includes an upper virtual image plane TB112 and a lower virtual image plane TB113. For each sub virtual image plane TB11, a connecting line is used to connect the center point of the sub virtual image plane TB11 and the center point of the sub-eye box plane EB11 corresponding to this sub virtual image plane TB11. A straight line that is parallel to the ground and perpendicular to the direction of observing the corresponding sub virtual image plane TB11 from the sub-eye box plane EB11 is created through the center point of this sub virtual image plane TB11. The plane formed by this connecting line and the straight line is used as the reference plane. The portion located above the reference plane of the sub virtual image plane TB11 is defined as the upper virtual image plane TB112, and the portion located below the reference plane of the sub virtual image plane TB11 is defined as the lower virtual image plane TB113.

[0044] By tilting the upper virtual image plane TB112 of the sub virtual image plane TB11 in the direction of observing the corresponding sub virtual image plane TB11 from the sub-eye box plane EB11, that is, by realizing a local forward tilt of the projected image 114, the distance between the upper virtual image plane TB112 and the sub-eye box plane EB11 corresponding to the sub virtual image plane TB11 is increased. Thereby, the theoretical wedge angle value for removing the secondary image corresponding to the upper virtual image plane TB112 is decreased, and further the degree of local discrete distribution of a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values in the projection display area 11 is decreased. Therefore, the distribution of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values is First theoretical wedge angle converged towards the approximate line, that is, the local range of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values is decreased.

[0045] By tilting the lower virtual image plane TB113 of the sub virtual image plane TB11 in the direction of observing the corresponding sub virtual image plane from the sub-eye box plane, that is, by realizing a local forward tilt of the projected image 114, the distance between the lower virtual image plane TB113 and the sub-eye box plane EB11 corresponding to the sub virtual image plane TB11 is decreased. Thereby, Lower virtual image plane TB113 the theoretical wedge angle value for removing the secondary image corresponding thereto is increased, and further the degree of local discrete distribution of a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values in the projection display area 11 is decreased. Therefore, the distribution of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values is First theoretical wedge angle converged towards the approximate line, that is, the local range of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values is decreased.

[0046] By inclining both the upper virtual image plane TB112 and the lower virtual image plane TB113 of the sub-virtual image plane TB11 in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane from the sub-eye box plane, that is, by realizing the forward inclination of the entire projection image 114, it is possible to reduce the degree of the overall discrete distribution of a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values in the projection display area 11. Therefore, the distribution of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values is First theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1 converged toward, that is, the local range of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values is reduced.

[0047] Therefore, by inclining the upper virtual image plane TB112 and / or the lower virtual image plane TB113 of the sub-virtual image plane TB11 in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11 from the sub-eye box plane EB11, ultimately, the effect of removing the ghost image by the head-up display system 1 is improved.

[0048] Here, the larger the forward tilt angle of the upper virtual image plane TB112 and the lower virtual image plane TB113, the smaller the degree of the discrete distribution of a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values for removing the ghost image in the projection display area 11. Also, the forward tilt angle can be adjusted by the projection assembly 20. For example, the forward tilt angles of the upper virtual image plane TB112 and the lower virtual image plane TB113 can be set by adjusting the tilt angles of the curved mirror and the surface of the image generation unit (PGU) in the projection assembly 20.

[0049] Also, when the upper virtual image plane TB112 and / or the lower virtual image plane TB113 is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11 from the eye box plane EB11 and the forward tilt angle is relatively large, the upper virtual image plane TB112 and / or the lower virtual image plane TB113 seems to be extended to the ground. Therefore, when the driver observes the projection image 114, a better sense of adhesion to the ground and a sense of augmented reality of the projection image can be felt, thereby improving the driving experience.

[0050] Specifically, the forward tilt angle of the upper virtual image plane TB112 and / or the lower virtual image plane TB113 of at least one sub-virtual image plane TB11 is 45° or more, or 60° or more, or 75° or more, or 90° (to achieve close contact with the ground). Thereby, the secondary image phenomenon in the projection display area 11 can be significantly improved. Also, in some special scenes, the forward tilt angle of the upper virtual image plane TB112 and / or the lower virtual image plane TB113 of at least one sub-virtual image plane TB11 is greater than 90° and less than or equal to 95°.

[0051] Each sub-virtual image plane TB11 may be a plane (see Fig. 4(a)) or a curved surface (see Fig. 4(b) and Fig. 4(c)). Connect the center point of each sub-eye box plane EB11 and the center point of the sub-virtual image plane TB11 corresponding to the sub-eye box EB11 with a connecting line, and take the plane passing through the connecting line and perpendicular to the ground as the principal optical axis plane. The intersection line between the principal optical axis plane and the sub-virtual image plane TB11 corresponding to the principal optical axis plane has a vertex and a bottom point, and the forward tilt angle α U of the upper virtual image plane TB112 is the angle formed between this connecting line and the vertical plane when the connecting line between the vertex and the center point of the sub-virtual image plane TB11 corresponding to the vertex is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11 from the sub-eye box plane EB11. The forward tilt angle α L of the lower virtual image plane TB113 is the angle formed between this connecting line and the vertical plane when the connecting line between the bottom point and the center point of the sub-virtual image plane TB11 corresponding to the bottom point is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11 from the sub-eye box plane EB11. The forward tilt angle α0 of the sub-virtual image plane TB11 is the angle formed between this connecting line and the vertical plane when the connecting line between the vertex and the bottom point is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11 from the sub-eye box plane EB11.

[0052] Further, among the plurality of sub virtual image planes TB11, the larger the number of the upper virtual image plane TB112 and the lower virtual image plane TB113 with a forward tilt angle of 45° or more, the better the effect of removing the sub-images corresponding to the plurality of sub-eye box planes EB11 by the head-up display system 1. That is, the projected image 114 observed by the driver at each height in the driver's cab becomes clearer, and thus the driving experience can be improved.

[0053] As described above, the present application provides a head-up display system 1. The head-up display system 1 includes a windshield 10, a projection assembly 20, and an eye box EB1. The projected image 114 formed by projecting the projection light source 21 in the projection assembly 20 onto at least one projection display area 11 of the windshield 10 has a virtual image plane TB10. The eye box EB1 has an eye box plane EB10 for observing the projected image 114 through the projection display area 11. The virtual image plane TB10 has a plurality of sub virtual image planes TB11 corresponding to a plurality of eye box planes EB11 at different positions of the eye box plane EB10. Each sub virtual image plane TB11 includes an upper virtual image plane TB112 and a lower virtual image plane TB113, and the upper virtual image plane TB112 and / or the lower virtual image plane TB113 of at least one sub virtual image plane TB11 are tilted in the direction of observing the corresponding sub virtual image plane TB11 from the sub-eye box plane EB11, and the forward tilt angle is 45° or more. Thereby, the degree of the local discrete distribution of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values for removing the sub-images in the projection display area 11 is reduced, and thus the distribution of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values is First theoretical wedge angleConverge towards the approximate line, that is, reduce the local range of a plurality of theoretical wedge angles, and as a result, the effect of removing the secondary image of the head-up display system 1 can be improved. Also, since the upper virtual image plane TB112 and / or the lower virtual image plane TB113 of at least one sub-virtual image plane TB11 seem to be extended to the ground, when the driver observes the projection image 114, a better sense of adhesion to the ground and a sense of augmented reality of the projection image can be felt. Thereby, the driving experience can be improved. Therefore, the head-up display system 1 according to the present application can further weaken and remove the projection secondary image problem, and can improve the riding comfort and the driving experience.

[0054] Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, in the present embodiment, at least one sub-virtual image plane TB11 is inclined from the sub-eye box plane EB11 in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11, and the forward tilt angle thereof is 45° or more. FIG. 5 shows that the sub-virtual image plane TB11 is recessed toward the ground. As can be understood, the shape of the sub-virtual image plane TB11 is not limited to FIG. 5.

[0055] In the principal optical axis plane (see FIG. 5), the forward tilt angle α0 of at least one sub-virtual image plane TB11 among the plurality of sub-virtual image planes TB11 is 45° or more, or 60° or more, or 75° or more, or 90° (to achieve close adhesion to the ground). By realizing the overall forward tilt of the projection image 114, the secondary image phenomenon in the projection display area 11 can be significantly improved. Also, in some special scenes, the forward tilt angle α0 of at least one sub-virtual image plane is greater than 90° and less than or equal to 95°.

[0056] Specifically, FIG. 6 shows the case of two sub - box surfaces EB11 at the highest and lowest positions among a plurality of sub - box surfaces EB11 and two corresponding sub - virtual image surfaces TB11. The dashed frame in FIG. 6 indicates the contour of the distribution of points of a plurality of theoretical wedge angles when observing the two corresponding sub - virtual image surfaces TB11 from the two sub - box surfaces EB11 at the highest and lowest positions without projection artifacts when the two sub - virtual image surfaces TB11 are not tilted forward. The solid frame in FIG. 6 indicates the contour of the distribution of points of a plurality of theoretical wedge angles when observing the two corresponding sub - virtual image surfaces TB11 from the two sub - box surfaces EB11 at the highest and lowest positions without projection artifacts when the forward tilt angle of the two sub - virtual image surfaces TB11 is 45° or more. The dashed - line segment located within the dashed frame indicates the connecting line of a plurality of theoretical wedge angles when observing the center point of the sub - virtual image surface TB11 from the perpendicular bisector of the sub - box surface EB11 without projection artifacts. △W represents the maximum value within a local range, and the local range is the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value among a plurality of theoretical wedge angles at a position where the distance to the glass bottom 12 is X. △W before represents the maximum value within the local range of a plurality of theoretical wedge angles when the two sub - virtual image surfaces TB11 are not tilted forward, and △W after represents the maximum value within the local range of theoretical wedge angles when the forward tilt angle of the two sub - virtual image surfaces TB11 is 45° or more. As can be seen from FIG. 6, when the forward tilt angle of the two sub - virtual image surfaces TB11 is 45° or more, compared with the case where they are not tilted forward, the maximum local range of a plurality of theoretical wedge angles for removing projection artifacts is reduced by △W1 + △W2, and the distribution of a plurality of theoretical wedge angles for removing projection artifacts converges toward the dashed - line segment located within the dashed frame, whereby the effect of improving the projection artifacts can be enhanced.

[0057] Referring back to FIG. 3, in this embodiment, the intersection line between the principal optical axis plane and the sub virtual image plane TB11 corresponding to this principal optical axis plane has a vertex and a bottom point. The distance between the vertex of the sub virtual image plane TB11 and the center point of the sub eye box plane EB11 corresponding to this sub virtual image plane TB11 is VID1, and the distance between the bottom point of the sub virtual image plane TB11 and the center point of the sub eye box plane EB11 corresponding to this sub virtual image plane TB11 is VID2. When the sub virtual image plane TB11 is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub virtual image plane TB11 from the sub eye box plane EB11, VID1 and VID2 satisfy VID1>VID2, thereby improving the projected sub image.

[0058] Referring back to FIGS. 3 and 7, in this embodiment, the sub virtual image plane TB11 is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub virtual image plane TB11 from the sub eye box plane EB11, and VID1 and VID2 satisfy VID1 / VID2≧1.5.

[0059] In the principal optical axis plane (see FIG. 3), the angle formed between the connecting line between the center point of the sub eye box plane EB11 and the center point of the sub virtual image plane TB11 corresponding to this sub eye box plane EB11 and the ground is the downward viewing field angle LDA. When the center point of the sub virtual image plane TB11 is located below the center point of the sub eye box plane EB11, the downward viewing field angle LDA is a negative value, and in the opposite case, the downward viewing field angle LDA (Look down angle) is a positive value. The angle formed between the connecting line between the center point of the sub eye box plane EB11 and the vertex of the sub virtual image plane TB11 corresponding to this sub eye box plane EB11 and the connecting line between the center point of the sub eye box plane EB11 and the bottom point of the sub virtual image plane TB11 corresponding to this sub eye box plane EB11 is the vertical field of view angle VFOV.

[0060] Illustrate that the downward viewing angle LDA is -1.5 / -2.5 / -3.5 / -4.5 deg and the vertical viewing angle VFOV is 2.5 / 3.0 / 3.5 / 4.0 / 4.5 / 5.0 / 5.5 / 6.0 deg (see Fig. 7). Simulate to calculate the relationship between the values of VID1 / VID2 and the forward tilt angle of the sub-virtual image plane TB11. Here, the abscissa represents the forward tilt angle of the sub-virtual image plane TB11, the ordinate represents the values of VID1 / VID2, and each line represents the case where one downward viewing angle LDA corresponds to one vertical viewing angle VFOV. As can be seen from the simulation results, the larger the vertical viewing angle VFOV, the larger the value of the ratio of VID1 to VID2, and thereby, the distribution of the points of a plurality of theoretical wedge angles for removing the projected sub-images becomes more convergent, and the effect of improving the corresponding sub-images becomes more obvious.

[0061] Also, when the downward viewing angle LDA is constant, the larger the forward tilt angle of the sub-virtual image plane TB11, the larger the value of the ratio of VID1 / VID2, and thereby, the effect of improving the corresponding sub-images also becomes more obvious.

[0062] Also, when VID1 and VID2 satisfy VID1 / VID2 ≥ 1.5, the forward tilt angle of the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11 is 75° or more, thereby making the effect of improving the corresponding sub-images obvious, and at the same time, it can bring a better sense of adhesion to the ground and a sense of augmented reality of the projected image.

[0063] Referring to Fig. 8, in this embodiment, there are a measured wedge angle and a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values for removing sub-images at any point within segment 113. Fit the measured wedge angles at each point within segment 113 to obtain an approximate line L0 of the actual wedge angle, fit the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values at each point within segment 113 to obtain a first theoretical wedge angle approximate line L1, and the maximum deviation value between the approximate line L0 of the actual wedge angle and the first theoretical wedge angle approximate line L1 is 0.07 mrad or less.

[0064] In this embodiment, the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1 is a line obtained by fitting a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values when observing the projection image 114 through the segment 113 of the projection display area 11 from the eyebox plane EB10 and there is no projection ghost image. The maximum deviation value Δα between the approximation line L0 of the actual wedge angle and the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1 max is 0.07 mrad or less. Therefore, the deviation between the wedge angle value of each point on the approximation line L0 of the actual wedge angle and the theoretical wedge angle value for removing the ghost image is relatively small. Therefore, the problem of projection ghost images when observing the projection image 114 from the eyebox plane EB10 can be improved by the wedge angle of the projection display area 11.

[0065] Referring to FIG. 8 again, in this embodiment, both the approximation line L0 of the actual wedge angle and the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1 conform to a polynomial function.

[0066] In this embodiment, as long as the approximation line L0 of the actual wedge angle and the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1 conform to a polynomial function, they may be a straight line, a curve, or a combination of a straight line and a curve, etc. The smoothness of each part of the approximation line L0 of the actual wedge angle is guaranteed, thereby preventing the problem of projection ghost images from being intensified by a sudden change in the local wedge angle value.

[0067] Referring to FIG. 8 again, in this embodiment, the maximum change rate ROC at which the wedge angle continuously and monotonically decreases within the segment 113 satisfies ROC ≤ 0.3 mrad / 100 mm, or satisfies ROC ≤ 0.2 mrad / 100 mm, or satisfies ROC ≤ 0.1 mrad / 100 mm, or satisfies ROC ≤ 0.05 mrad / 100 mm.

[0068] In this embodiment, in FIG. 8, L0 is a change line based on the distance to the glass bottom edge 12 of the combined glass 10, where each wedge angle in the segment 113 of the projection display area 11 is concerned. K1 is a tangent line at a certain point on L0, and the slope of the tangent line represents the absolute value of the change rate at which the wedge angle becomes smaller at that point. If the maximum change rate of the wedge angle within the segment 113 is too large, the production difficulty and production cost of the combined glass 10 will increase, which is disadvantageous to the production efficiency of the combined glass 10, thereby affecting the production efficiency of the combined glass 10. Also, if the maximum change rate of the wedge angle within the segment 113 is too large, the projection ghosting problem is likely to be exacerbated by a sudden change in the local wedge angle value. Therefore, the maximum change rate of the wedge angle within the segment 113 should preferably not be too large. Specifically, the maximum change rate ROC at which the wedge angle within the segment 113 continuously, non-linearly, and monotonically decreases in the direction from the lower edge 112 to the upper edge 111 satisfies ROC≦0.3mrad / 100mm. Preferably, the maximum change rate ROC at which the wedge angle within the segment 113 continuously, non-linearly, and monotonically decreases in the direction from the lower edge 112 to the upper edge 111 satisfies ROC≦0.2mrad / 100mm. More preferably, the maximum change rate ROC at which the wedge angle within the segment 113 continuously, non-linearly, and monotonically decreases in the direction from the lower edge 112 to the upper edge 111 satisfies ROC≦0.1mrad / 100mm. Even more preferably, the maximum change rate ROC at which the wedge angle within the segment 113 continuously, non-linearly, and monotonically decreases in the direction from the lower edge 112 to the upper edge 111 satisfies ROC≦0.05mrad / 100mm.

[0069] Referring again to FIG. 2, in this embodiment, the angle formed between two adjacent sub-virtual image planes TB11 among the plurality of sub-virtual image planes TB11 is 15° or less.

[0070] In this embodiment, the angle formed between two adjacent sub virtual image planes TB11 among the plurality of sub virtual image planes TB11 is 15° or less, preferably 10° or less, more preferably 5° or less, and even more preferably 2° or less. The plurality of sub virtual image planes TB11 are bounded by the sub virtual image plane TB11 located in the middle of the plurality of sub virtual image planes TB11. From the interface upwards, in the projection display area 11, the degree of the local discrete distribution of the plurality of theoretical wedge angles for removing the projection sub-images of the plurality of sub virtual image planes TB11 becomes increasingly larger. From the interface downwards, in the projection display area 11, the degree of the local discrete distribution of the plurality of theoretical wedge angles for removing the projection sub-images of the plurality of sub virtual image planes TB11 also becomes increasingly larger. Therefore, from the interface upwards, the front tilt angle of the sub virtual image plane TB11 gradually increases, and from the interface downwards, the front tilt angle of the sub virtual image plane TB11 gradually increases. As a result, in the projection display area 11, the degree of the local discrete distribution of the plurality of theoretical wedge angles for removing the projection sub-images of the plurality of sub virtual image planes TB11 becomes smaller, and the distribution of the plurality of theoretical wedge angles First theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1 converges towards, that is, the local range of the plurality of theoretical wedge angles becomes smaller, thereby better improving the projection sub-image problem of observing the projection image 114 from the plurality of sub box surfaces EB11. When the driver observes the projection image 114 at different heights in the driver's cab, in order to give a consistent imaging experience, the angle formed between two adjacent sub virtual image planes TB11 among the plurality of sub virtual image planes TB11 is 15° or less, preferably 10° or less, more preferably 5° or less, and even more preferably 2° or less. Thereby, the riding comfort and driving experience are improved.

[0071] Here, the angle formed between two adjacent sub virtual image planes TB11 is, in the principal optical axis plane, the angle formed between the extension line of the connection line between the apex and the bottom point of one sub virtual image plane TB11 and the extension line of the connection line between the apex and the bottom point of the other adjacent sub virtual image plane TB11 among the two adjacent sub virtual image planes TB11.

[0072] Referring to FIG. 1 again, in this embodiment, in the direction from the glass bottom edge 12 to the glass upper edge 13 of the laminated glass 10, the ratio of the length of the segment 113 to the length of the projection display area 11 is 70% or more.

[0073] In this embodiment, in the direction from the glass bottom edge 12 to the glass upper edge 13 of the laminated glass 10, the ratio of the length d1 of the segment 113 to the length d2 of the projection display area 11 is 70% or more. Preferably, the ratio of the length of this segment 113 to the length of the projection display area 11 is 75% or more, or 80% or more, or 85% or more, or 90% or more, or 95% or more, or equal to 100%. Here, the length is obtained by measuring in the traveling direction from the lower edge 112 to the upper edge 111.

[0074] Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, in this embodiment, the at least one projection display area 11 includes at least one first projection display area 115 and at least one second projection display area 116. The projection light source 21 is configured to project light rays onto the first projection display area 115 to form a first projection image 1151, and the virtual image distance of the first projection image 1151 is 7 m to 100 m. The projection light source 21 is configured to project light rays onto the second projection display area 116 to form a second projection image 1161, and the virtual image distance of the second projection image 1161 is 1 m to 6 m.

[0075] In this embodiment, the first projection display area 115 is used for long-distance projection display. Specifically, the first projection display area 115 is used to fuse display information and the real scene, and projects and displays complex graphics corresponding to objects in the real world, and is used to realize the interaction among the road condition - vehicle - driver. The second projection display area 116 is used for short-distance projection display. Specifically, the second projection display area 116 is used for the short-distance display of the parameter information of vehicle operation, which can reduce the need to lower the head to observe the meter panel or related information, facilitate the switching of the driver's line of sight between far and near, reduce the need to lower the head to observe the meter panel, maximize the driver's attention during driving, and improve driving safety.

[0076] Referring to FIG. 11, in this embodiment, the at least one projection light source 21 includes at least one first projection light source 211 and at least one second projection light source 212. The first projection light source 211 is configured to project light rays onto the first projection display area 115, and the second projection light source 212 is configured to project light rays onto the second projection display area 116.

[0077] In this embodiment, the first projection light source 211 is used to project onto the first projection display area 115 to perform long-distance projection display. Specifically, the first projection display area 115 is used to fuse display information and the real scene, and projects and displays complex graphics corresponding to objects in the real world to realize the interaction among the road conditions - vehicle - driver. The second projection light source 212 is used to project onto the second projection display area 116 to perform short-distance projection display. Specifically, the second projection display area 116 is used for short-distance display of the parameter information of vehicle operation, which can reduce the need to lower the head to observe the meter panel or related information, facilitate the switching of the driver's line of sight between far and near, reduce the need to lower the head to observe the meter panel, maximize the concentration of the driver's attention during driving, and improve driving safety. In one embodiment, both the first projection light source 211 and the second projection light source 212 are arranged close to the glass bottom edge 12. In other embodiments, the first projection light source 211 is arranged close to the glass upper edge 13, so that the projection light rays incident from the first projection light source 211 to the first projection display area 115 can maintain an optimal incident angle. Specifically, the first projection light source 211 is attached to the inner surface of the ceiling of the vehicle. The second projection light source 212 is arranged close to the glass bottom edge 12, so that the projection light rays incident from the second projection light source 212 to the second projection display area 116 can maintain an optimal incident angle. Specifically, the second projection light source 212 is attached inside the meter panel of the vehicle. Note that FIG. 11 shows that both the first projection light source 211 and the second projection light source 212 are arranged close to the glass bottom edge 12. As can be understood, FIG. 11 does not limit the positions where the first projection light source 211 and the second projection light source 212 are arranged.

[0078] Referring to FIG. 12, in the present embodiment, the laminated glass 10 includes a first transparent substrate 14, a second transparent substrate 15, and an intermediate adhesive layer 16. The intermediate adhesive layer 16 is provided between the first transparent substrate 14 and the second transparent substrate 15 to bond the first transparent substrate 14 and the second transparent substrate 15. At least one of the first transparent substrate 14, the second transparent substrate 15, and the intermediate adhesive layer 16 has a wedge angle in the projection display area 11.

[0079] In one embodiment, the wedge angle in the projection display area 11 may be provided only by the intermediate adhesive layer 16. That is, the wedge angles of the first transparent substrate 14 and the second transparent substrate 15 in the projection display area 11 are both 0, the intermediate adhesive layer 16 has a wedge angle in the projection display area 11, and the wedge angle of the intermediate adhesive layer 16 in the projection display area 11 is equal to the wedge angle of the projection display area 11.

[0080] In other embodiments, the wedge angle in the projection display area 11 may be provided by the first transparent substrate 14 and / or the second transparent substrate 15 and the intermediate adhesive layer 16. That is, the first transparent substrate 14 and / or the second transparent substrate 15 has a wedge angle in the projection display area 11, the intermediate adhesive layer 16 has a wedge angle in the projection display area 11, and the sum of the wedge angle of the first transparent substrate 14 and / or the second transparent substrate 15 in the projection display area 11 and the wedge angle of the intermediate adhesive layer 16 in the projection display area 11 is equal to the wedge angle of the projection display area 11. Here, considering the production difficulty of the first transparent substrate 14 and / or the second transparent substrate 15, a certain wedge angle is adopted as the wedge angle of the first transparent substrate 14 and / or the second transparent substrate 15.

[0081] Embodiments of the present application further provide a design method for a head-up display system 1. Refer to FIGS. 4, 13, 14, and 15. In this embodiment, the design method for the head-up display system 1 includes the following. Provide a projection assembly 20 and a combiner glass 10. The projection light rays emitted from the projection assembly 20 are incident on at least one projection display area 11 of the combiner glass 10. Design an eyebox plane EB10 located inside the vehicle based on an observer inside the vehicle. Based on the projection images 114 observed by the observer inside the vehicle through each projection display area 11, design a virtual image plane TB10 that is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11 from the sub-eyebox plane EB11. Here, the eyebox plane EB10 includes a plurality of sub-eyebox planes EB11 arranged sequentially from low to high, and the virtual image plane TB10 includes a plurality of sub-virtual image planes TB11 arranged sequentially from high to low. Here, each sub-virtual image plane TB11 corresponds to one sub-eyebox plane EB11, each sub-virtual image plane TB11 includes an upper virtual image plane TB112 and a lower virtual image plane TB113, and the upper virtual image plane TB112 and / or the lower virtual image plane TB113 of at least one sub-virtual image plane TB11 are inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11 from the eyebox plane EB11, and the forward tilt angle thereof is 45° or more. Select an observation dot matrix EB111 on each sub-eyebox plane EB11, and select a virtual image dot matrix TB111 on each sub-virtual image plane TB11. The connection line between the points in the observation dot matrix EB111 and the points in the virtual image dot matrix TB111 passes through the corresponding projection display area 11, and the intersection point of the connection line and the projection display area 11 is the incident point. Based on the projection assembly 20, the combiner glass 10, and the plurality of connection lines, calculate a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values of the combiner glass 10 when the projection image 114 has no secondary image at the corresponding incident point. Based on the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values and the distance from each corresponding incident point to the glass bottom edge 12 of the combiner glass 10, perform fitting to obtain a first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1 of the wedge angle associated with the distance from the incident point to the glass bottom edge 12.Based on the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1, the wedge angle value of the alignment glass 10 in the corresponding projection display area 11 is determined.

[0082] In this embodiment, the alignment glass 10 is used for the front glass of the vehicle and applied to the head-up display system 1 of the vehicle. Head-up display system 1 The design method includes S10, S20, S30, S40, S50, S60, and S70. Hereinafter, S10, S20, S30, S40, S50, S60, and S70 will be described in detail.

[0083] S10: Provide the projection assembly 20 and the alignment glass 10, and the projection light rays emitted from the projection assembly 20 are incident on at least one projection display area 11 of the alignment glass 10.

[0084] S20: Design the eye box plane EB10 located inside the vehicle based on the observer inside the vehicle.

[0085] S30: Based on the projection images 114 observed by the observer inside the vehicle through each projection display area 11, design a virtual image plane TB10 that is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11 from the sub-eye box plane EB11.

[0086] In this embodiment, the dashboard surface EB10 includes a plurality of sub-dashboard surfaces EB11 sequentially arranged from a lower position to a higher position, the virtual image surface TB10 includes a plurality of sub-virtual image surfaces TB11 sequentially arranged from a higher position to a lower position, and each sub-virtual image surface TB11 corresponds to one sub-dashboard surface EB11. Specifically, the dashboard surface EB10 is used to simulate the plane where the eyes of an observer sitting in the driver's cab of the vehicle are located. The plurality of sub-dashboard surfaces EB11 are used to simulate different heights of the observer's eyes, that is, the plurality of sub-dashboard surfaces EB11 are used to simulate different viewing angles of the observer. At least some of the projection light rays are reflected by the projection display area 11, enter the dashboard surface EB10, and form a projection image 114 in front of the windshield 10 of the vehicle. The projection image 114 has a virtual image surface TB10. By the projection light rays forming the projection image 114 entering the sub-dashboard surfaces EB11 at different positions, there are sub-virtual image surfaces TB11 at different positions.

[0087] Each sub-virtual image surface TB11 includes an upper virtual image surface TB112 and a lower virtual image surface TB113. For each sub-virtual image surface TB11, connect the center point of the sub-virtual image surface TB11 and the center point of the sub-dashboard surface EB11 corresponding to this sub-virtual image surface TB11 with a connecting line, and pass through the center point of this sub-virtual image surface TB11 to make a straight line parallel to the ground and perpendicular to the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image surface TB11 from the sub-dashboard surface EB11, and take the plane formed by this connecting line and the straight line as the reference plane. The portion located above the reference plane of the sub-virtual image surface TB11 is the upper virtual image surface TB112, and the portion located below the reference plane of the sub-virtual image surface TB11 is the lower virtual image surface TB113.

[0088] The upper virtual image plane TB112 of the sub-virtual image plane TB11 is inclined from the sub-eye box plane EB11 in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11, that is, by realizing a local forward tilt of the projected image 114, the distance between the upper virtual image plane TB112 and the sub-eye box plane EB11 corresponding to the sub-virtual image plane TB11 is increased, thereby reducing the theoretical wedge angle value for removing the secondary image corresponding to the upper virtual image plane TB112, and further reducing the degree of local discrete distribution of a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values in the projection display area 11. Therefore, the distribution of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values is converged toward the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1, that is, the local range of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values is reduced.

[0089] The lower virtual image plane TB113 of the sub-virtual image plane TB11 is inclined from the sub-eye box plane in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane, that is, by realizing a local forward tilt of the projected image 114, the distance between the lower virtual image plane TB113 and the sub-eye box plane EB11 corresponding to the sub-virtual image plane TB11 is decreased, thereby Lower virtual image plane TB113 increasing the theoretical wedge angle value for removing the secondary image corresponding thereto, and further reducing the degree of local discrete distribution of a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values in the projection display area 11. Therefore, the distribution of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values is converged toward the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1, that is, the local range of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values is reduced.

[0090] By inclining both the upper virtual image plane TB112 and the lower virtual image plane TB113 of the sub-virtual image plane TB11 from the sub-eye box plane in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane, that is, by realizing a forward tilt of the entire projected image 114, the degree of the overall discrete distribution of a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values in the projection display area 11 can be reduced. Therefore, the distribution of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values is converged toward the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1, that is, the local range of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values is reduced.

[0091] Therefore, by inclining the upper virtual image plane TB112 and / or the lower virtual image plane TB113 of the sub-virtual image plane TB11 in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11 from the sub-eye box plane EB11, ultimately, the effect of removing the ghost image by the head-up display system 1 is improved.

[0092] Here, the larger the forward tilt angle of the upper virtual image plane TBIl2 and the lower virtual image plane TB113, the smaller the degree of discrete distribution of a plurality of theoretical wedge angles for removing the ghost image in the projection display area 11. Further, the forward tilt angle can be adjusted by the projection assembly 20. For example, the forward tilt angles of the upper virtual image plane TB112 and the lower virtual image plane TB113 can be set by adjusting the tilt angles of the surfaces of the curved mirror and the PGU in the projection assembly 20.

[0093] Also, when the upper virtual image plane TB112 and / or the lower virtual image plane TB113 is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11 from the eye box plane EB11 and the forward tilt angle is relatively large, the upper virtual image plane TB112 and / or the lower virtual image plane TB113 seems to extend to the ground. Therefore, when the driver observes the projection image 114, a better sense of adhesion and augmented reality with the ground of the projection image can be felt, thereby improving the driving experience.

[0094] Specifically, the upper virtual image plane TB112 and / or the lower virtual image plane TB113 of at least one sub-virtual image plane TB11 is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11 from the sub-eye box plane EB11, and its forward tilt angle is 45° or more, or 60° or more, or 75° or more, or 90° or more and 95° or less. Therefore, the ghost image phenomenon in the projection display area 11 can be significantly improved.

[0095] Each of the designed sub virtual image planes TB11 is a flat surface (see Fig. 4(a)) or a curved surface (see Fig. 4(b) and Fig. 4(c)). Connect the center point of each sub - box surface EB11 and the center point of the sub virtual image plane TB11 corresponding to the sub - box EB11 with a connecting line, and take the plane passing through the connecting line and perpendicular to the ground as the principal optical axis plane. The intersection line between the principal optical axis plane and the sub virtual image plane TB11 corresponding to the principal optical axis plane has a vertex and a bottom point, and the front - tilt angle α of the upper virtual image plane TB112 U is the angle formed between this connecting line and the vertical plane when the connecting line between the vertex and the center point of the sub virtual image plane TB11 corresponding to the vertex inclines in the direction of observing the corresponding sub virtual image plane TB11 from the sub - box surface EB11. The front - tilt angle α of the lower virtual image plane TB113 L is the angle formed between this connecting line and the vertical plane when the connecting line between the bottom point and the center point of the sub virtual image plane TB11 corresponding to the bottom point inclines in the direction of observing the corresponding sub virtual image plane TB11 from the sub - box surface EB11. The front - tilt angle α0 of the sub virtual image plane TB11 is the angle formed between this connecting line and the vertical plane when the connecting line between the vertex and the bottom point inclines in the direction of observing the corresponding sub virtual image plane TB11 from the sub - box surface EB11. Here, the vertical plane is a plane that is perpendicular to the ground and perpendicular to the direction of observing the corresponding sub virtual image plane TB11 from the sub - box surface EB11.

[0096] S40: Select the observation dot matrix EB111 on each sub - box surface EB11 and select the virtual image dot matrix TB111 on each sub virtual image plane TB11. The connecting line between the points in the observation dot matrix EB111 and the points in the virtual image dot matrix TB111 passes through the corresponding projection display area 11, and the intersection point of the connecting line and the projection display area 11 is the incident point.

[0097] In this embodiment, an observation dot matrix EB111: m×n is selected on each sub - eye box surface EB11. Here, m satisfies m≧1 and m is a natural number, and n satisfies n≧1 and n is a natural number. For example, m may be 3, 5, 8, etc., but is not limited thereto. n may be 3, 5, 8, etc., but is not limited thereto. On each sub - virtual image surface TB11, a virtual image dot matrix TB111: i×j is selected. Here, i satisfies i≧1 and i is a natural number, and j satisfies j≧1 and j is a natural number. For example, i may be 3, 5, 8, etc., but is not limited thereto. j may be 3, 5, 8, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0098] In this embodiment, each point of the observation dot matrix EB111 corresponds to a position simulating the observer's eye. Each point of the virtual image dot matrix TB111 corresponds to and simulates a virtual image formed on the virtual image surface when the projection light ray is reflected by a certain point on the eye box surface EB10 by the alignment glass 10. Specifically, each point in the virtual image dot matrix TB111 corresponds to one or more points in the observation dot matrix EB111. That is, the observer can observe the virtual image at the same position on the sub - virtual image surface TB11 at different positions on the sub - eye box surface EB11. Also, the observer can observe the virtual images at different positions on the sub - virtual image surface at the same position on the sub - eye box surface EB11.

[0099] S50: Based on the projection assembly 20, the alignment glass 10, and the plurality of connecting lines, calculate a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values of the alignment glass 10 when the projection image 114 has no secondary image at the corresponding incident point.

[0100] In this embodiment, on the corresponding sub - box surface EB11 and sub - virtual image surface TB11, the connecting lines formed by connecting each point of the observation dot matrix EB111 and each point of the virtual image dot matrix TB111 have intersections with the combining glass 10, and the intersections are the incident points. Calculate the theoretical wedge angle values of the incident points when the virtual images on the sub - virtual image surface seen by the observer at each point within the observation dot matrix EB111 have no secondary images. The number of incident points used in the simulation calculation is the number of theoretical wedge angle values.

[0101] S60. Based on a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values and the distances from the incident points corresponding to each of the theoretical wedge angle values to the glass bottom edge 12 of the combining glass 10, perform fitting to obtain a first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1 of the wedge angle associated with the distance from the incident point to the glass bottom edge 12 of the combining glass 10.

[0102] In this embodiment, the plurality of theoretical wedge angles and the distance from the incident point to the glass bottom edge 12 of the alignment glass 10 exhibit a discrete distribution. Specifically, in one embodiment, for each corresponding sub-eye box surface EB11 and sub-virtual image surface TB11, one sub-scatter plot of the plurality of theoretical wedge angles can be calculated, and the plurality of sub-scatter plots can be integrated in the same coordinate system to form a scatter plot. The first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1 is obtained by performing function fitting on the scatter plot of the plurality of theoretical wedge angles. For example, the function may be a polynomial function such as a first-order, second-order, or third-order polynomial function, or a basic function such as a linear function, exponential function, power function, or logarithmic function, and a composite function composed of these, but is not limited thereto. The data curve fitting process can be performed using software such as Microsoft Excel, WPS, MATLAB, or OriginPro. Since the observer can observe a plurality of images at different distances or angles at a certain point on the alignment glass 10, there are a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values at this point. However, the wedge angle value at a certain point on the alignment glass 10 can only be one value. Also, along the direction from the glass bottom edge 12 towards the glass upper edge 13, there are a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values at other points having the same distance to the glass bottom edge 12 as this point, but it is suitable that the wedge angle value at a point on the alignment glass 10 having a certain distance to the glass bottom edge 12 is one value. Therefore, in order to reduce the ghosting phenomenon, it is necessary to appropriately select the wedge angle value at each incident point on the alignment glass 10. By performing function fitting on the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values, the deviation between the wedge angle value in the projection display area 11 of the alignment glass 10 and the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values can be made smaller, the ghosting phenomenon of the image projected in the projection display area 11 of the alignment glass 10 can be reduced, and the imaging quality of the alignment glass 10 can be improved.

[0103] Specifically, it is set such that the wedge angle (Y HUD ) changes as the distance (X) to the bottom edge 12 changes in the direction from the glass bottom edge 12 to Upper edge of glass 13 . The mathematical formula of the set first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1 may have a plurality of forms. For example, there is one way as shown in Equation 1.

Number

[0104] In another embodiment, for the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values at each incident point, the average value of the maximum value and the minimum value among the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values at this point is selected, and then, the average values of the maximum value and the minimum value among the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values at each incident point are connected to form a first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1.

[0105] S70: Based on the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1, determine the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10.

[0106] In this embodiment, by determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area 11 of the combined glass 10 using the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1, the projection ghosting phenomenon when observing the projection display area 11 of the combined glass 10 on the eyebox surface EB10 is weakened. Specifically, by selecting and designing the virtual image plane TB10, the distribution of a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values in the projection display area 11 of the combined glass 10 is calculated, fitted, and the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1 corresponding to the projection display area 11 is obtained, so that the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area 11 of the combined glass 10 can be determined.

[0107] In the design method of the head-up display system 1 according to the embodiment of the present application, the upper virtual image plane TB112 and / or the lower virtual image plane TB113 of at least one sub-virtual image plane TB11 are inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11 from the sub-eyebox surface EB11, and the forward tilt angle is 45° or more. Thereby, the degree of local discrete distribution of a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values for removing ghost images in the projection display area 11 is reduced, and thus the distribution of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values converges toward the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1, that is, the local range of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values is reduced, and as a result, the effect of removing the ghost image of the head-up display system 1 can be improved. In addition, the upper virtual image plane TB112 and / or the lower virtual image plane TB113 of at least one sub-virtual image plane TB11 seem to be extended to the ground, so that when the driver observes the projection image 114, a better sense of adhesion and augmented reality with the ground of the projection image can be felt. Thereby, the driving experience can be improved.

[0108] Referring back to FIG. 5, in this embodiment, designing the virtual image plane TB10 to be inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11 from the sub-console box surface EB11 based on the projection images 114 observed by the observers inside the vehicle through the respective projection display areas 11 includes the following. At least one sub-virtual image plane TB11 is designed to be inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11 from the sub-console box surface EB11, and the forward inclination angle thereof is 45° or more. FIG. 5 shows that the sub-virtual image plane TB11 is recessed toward the ground. As can be understood, the shape of the sub-virtual image plane TB11 is not limited to that shown in FIG. 5.

[0109] In the principal optical axis plane, the forward inclination angle α0 of at least one sub-virtual image plane TB11 among the plurality of sub-virtual image planes TB11 is 45° or more, or 60° or more, or 75° or more, or 90° (to achieve close contact with the ground). By realizing the overall forward inclination of the projection image 114, the secondary image phenomenon in the projection display area 11 can be significantly improved. Also, in some special scenes, the forward inclination angle α0 of at least one sub-virtual image plane is greater than 90° and less than or equal to 95°.

[0110] Referring back to FIG. 3, in this embodiment, the intersection line between the principal optical axis plane and the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11 of this principal optical axis plane has a vertex and a bottom point. The distance between the vertex of the sub-virtual image plane TB11 and the center point of the corresponding sub-console box surface EB11 is VID1, and the distance between the bottom point of the sub-virtual image plane TB11 and the center point of the corresponding sub-console box surface EB11 is VID2. Designing the virtual image plane TB10 to be inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11 from the sub-console box surface EB11 based on the projection images 114 observed by the observers inside the vehicle through the respective projection display areas 11 means that when the upper virtual image plane TB112 and / or the lower virtual image plane TB113 of the sub-virtual image plane TB11 are inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11 from the sub-console box surface EB11, VID1 > VID2. Thereby, the projection secondary image can be improved.

[0111] Referring again to FIGS. 3 and 7, in the present embodiment, the upper virtual image plane TB112 and / or the lower virtual image plane TB113 of the sub-virtual image plane TB11 are inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane TB11 from the sub-eye box plane EB11, and VID1 and VID2 satisfy VID1 / VID2≧1.5.

[0112] In the principal optical axis plane (see FIG. 3), the angle formed between the connecting line of the center point of the sub-eye box plane EB11 and the center point of the sub-virtual image plane TB11 corresponding to this sub-eye box plane EB11 and the ground is the downward viewing angle of view LDA. When the center point of the sub-virtual image plane TB11 is located below the center point of the sub-eye box plane EB11, the downward viewing angle of view LDA is a negative value, and in the opposite case, the downward viewing angle of view LDA is a positive value. The angle formed between the connecting line of the center point of the sub-eye box plane EB11 and the apex of the sub-virtual image plane TB11 corresponding to this sub-eye box plane EB11 and the connecting line of the center point of the sub-eye box plane EB11 and the bottom point of the sub-virtual image plane TB11 corresponding to this sub-eye box plane EB11 is the vertical field of view angle VFOV.

[0113] Taking the case where the downward viewing angle of view LDA is -1.5 / -2.5 / -3.5 / -4.5 deg and the vertical field of view angle VFOV is 2.5 / 3.0 / 3.5 / 4.0 / 4.5 / 5.0 / 5.5 / 6.0 deg as an example (see FIG. 7). A simulation is performed to calculate the relationship between the value of VID1 / VID2 and the forward tilt angle of the sub-virtual image plane TB11. Here, the horizontal coordinate represents the forward tilt angle of the sub-virtual image plane TB11, the vertical coordinate represents the value of VID1 / VID2, and each line represents the case where one downward viewing angle of view LDA corresponds to one vertical field of view angle VFOV. As can be seen from the results of the simulation, the larger the vertical field of view angle VFOV, the larger the ratio value of VID1 and VID2, and thereby, the distribution of the points of the plurality of theoretical wedge angles for removing the projected sub-images becomes more convergent, and the effect of improving the corresponding sub-images becomes more obvious.

[0114] Also, when the downward viewing angle LDA is constant, the larger the forward tilt angle of the sub virtual image plane TB11, the larger the value of the ratio VID1 / VID2, and thereby the effect of improving the corresponding sub image becomes more apparent.

[0115] Also, when VID1 and VID2 satisfy VID1 / VID2 ≥ 1.5, the forward tilt angle of the corresponding sub virtual image plane TB11 is 75° or more, thereby clarifying the effect of improving the corresponding sub image, and at the same time, it can bring a better sense of adhesion to the ground and a sense of augmented reality of the projected image.

[0116] Referring to FIG. 14 again, in the present embodiment, designing the virtual image plane TB10 that tilts in the direction of observing the corresponding sub virtual image plane TB11 from the sub glove box surface EB11 based on the projected image 114 observed by the observer in the vehicle through each projection display area 11 includes designing the angle formed between two adjacent sub virtual image planes TB11 among the plurality of sub virtual image planes TB11 to be 15° or less.

[0117] In this embodiment, the angle formed between two adjacent sub virtual image planes TB11 among the plurality of sub virtual image planes TB11 is 15° or less, preferably 10° or less, more preferably 5° or less, and even more preferably 2° or less. The plurality of sub virtual image planes TB11 are bounded by the sub virtual image plane TB11 located in the middle of the plurality of sub virtual image planes TB11. From the interface upwards, in the projection display area 11, the degree of the local discrete distribution of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values for removing the projection sub-images of the plurality of sub virtual image planes TB11 becomes increasingly larger. From the interface downwards, in the projection display area 11, the degree of the local discrete distribution of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values for removing the projection sub-images of the plurality of sub virtual image planes TB11 also becomes increasingly larger. Therefore, from the interface upwards, the front tilt angle of the sub virtual image plane TB11 gradually increases, and from the interface downwards, the front tilt angle of the sub virtual image plane TB11 gradually increases. Thereby, in the projection display area 11, the degree of the local discrete distribution of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values for removing the projection sub-images of the plurality of sub virtual image planes TB11 becomes smaller, and the distribution of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values converges towards the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1, that is, the local range of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values becomes smaller, so that the projection sub-image problem of observing the projection image 114 from the plurality of sub-box surfaces EB11 can be better improved. When the driver observes the projection image 114 at different heights in the driver's cab, in order to give a consistent imaging experience, the angle formed between two adjacent sub virtual image planes TB11 among the plurality of sub virtual image planes TB11 is 15° or less, preferably 10° or less, more preferably 5° or less, and even more preferably 2° or less. Thereby, the riding comfort and driving experience are improved.

[0118] Here, the angle formed between two adjacent sub virtual image planes TB11 is, in the principal optical axis plane, the angle formed between the extension line of the connection line between the apex and the bottom point of one of the two adjacent sub virtual image planes TB11 and the extension line of the connection line between the apex and the bottom point of the other sub virtual image plane TB11.

[0119] Referring back to FIG. 15, in this embodiment, the value of the ratio of the maximum local range ΔW of a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values to the overall range ΔC of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values satisfies ΔW / ΔC≦0.9.

[0120] By satisfying that the value of the ratio of the maximum local range ΔW of a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values to the overall range ΔC of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values is ΔW / ΔC≦0.9, the discreteness of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values can be made smaller, the smoothness of the approximate line of the theoretical wedge angle can be increased, that is, the slope of the approximate line of the theoretical wedge angle can be decreased, thereby reducing the change rate of the wedge angle of the laminated glass 10 and reducing the production difficulty of the laminated glass 10. Note that the maximum local range ΔW of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values is the maximum value among the local ranges. The local range means the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value among the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values at a position where the distance from the incident point to the glass bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10 is X. The overall range ΔC of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values refers to the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value among all the theoretical wedge angle values.

[0121] Referring to FIGS. 9, 13, and 16, in this embodiment, the at least one projection display area 11 includes at least two first projection display areas 115 or at least two second projection display areas 116. By fitting, at least two first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1 of the wedge angle associated with the distance from the incident point to the glass bottom edge 12 are obtained. The maximum deviation value ΔX between two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1 maxWhen it is greater than 0.15 mrad, based on the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1, after determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area 11 of the alignment glass 10, the design method of the head-up display system 1 further includes the following content. Adjust the distance between the eyebox plane EB10 and the virtual image plane TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1. Recalculate a new plurality of theoretical wedge angle values. Based on the new plurality of theoretical wedge angle values and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the glass bottom edge 12, perform fitting to obtain a second theoretical wedge angle approximation line L2 of the wedge angle associated with the distance from the incident point to the glass bottom edge 12. The maximum deviation value ΔX between the second theoretical wedge angle approximation line L2 and the other one of the two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1 max Determine whether it is less than or equal to 0.15 mrad. If it is determined to be no, repeat the above procedure. If it is determined to be yes, based on the second theoretical wedge angle approximation line L2, determine the wedge angle value in the corresponding first projection display area 115 or the second projection display area 116 of the alignment glass 10.

[0122] In this embodiment, when two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1 have an overlapping portion, the maximum deviation value ΔX max is equal to the maximum value of the difference between the two first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1 in the overlapping portion. When there is no overlapping portion between two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1, the maximum deviation value ΔX max is equal to the difference between the wedge angle values at the two closest ends of the two first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1.

[0123] The maximum deviation value ΔX max When it is greater than 0.15 mrad, it is necessary to adjust the distance between the eyebox plane EB10 and the virtual image plane TB10 corresponding to any one of the two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1, so that the maximum deviation value ΔX between the designed first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1 and the obtained second theoretical wedge angle approximation line L2 after adjustment maxIt can be adjusted to 0.15 mrad or less, or 0.10 mrad or less, or 0.08 mrad or less, or 0.05 mrad or less.

[0124] Specifically, after determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area 11 of the combined glass 10 based on the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1, it is necessary to adjust at least one of the two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1.

[0125] Adjust the distance between the eyepiece box surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1.

[0126] Here, by adjusting the distance between the eyepiece box surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1, the wedge angle value for removing the projection secondary image can be adjusted. Under the same conditions, the larger the distance between the eyepiece box surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1, the smaller the wedge angle value for removing the projection secondary image. In this embodiment, by increasing the distance between the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1 and the eyepiece box surface EB10 and / or decreasing the distance between the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to the other first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1 and the eyepiece box surface EB10, the two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1 can be made closer to the design target.

[0127] Recalculate a new set of theoretical wedge angle values.

[0128] In this embodiment, after adjusting the distance between the virtual image surface TB10 and the eyepiece box surface EB10, by fitting a set of theoretical wedge angle values calculated by the calculation method of the previous embodiment, an approximation line closer to the design target can be obtained.

[0129] Based on the new multiple theoretical wedge angle values and the distance from the incident point to the glass bottom edge 12 corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, fitting is performed to obtain a second theoretical wedge angle approximation line L2 of the wedge angle depending on the distance from the incident point to the glass bottom edge 12.

[0130] The maximum deviation value ΔX between the second theoretical wedge angle approximation line L2 and one of the two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1 max Determine whether is less than or equal to 0.15 mrad.

[0131] In this embodiment, the maximum deviation value ΔX between the second theoretical wedge angle approximation line L2 and one of the two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1 is max Determine whether is less than or equal to 0.15 mrad. If it is no, repeat the above steps. If it is yes, select the wedge angle value.

[0132] Based on the second theoretical wedge angle approximation line L2, the wedge angle value in the corresponding first projection display area 115 or second projection display area 116 of the laminated glass 10 is determined.

[0133] 9, 13, and 17, in this embodiment, the at least one projection display area 11 includes at least one first projection display area 115 and at least one second projection display area 116. By fitting, at least two first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1 of the wedge angle associated with the distance from the incident point to the glass bottom edge 12 are obtained. The maximum deviation value ΔX of two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1 is maxWhen it is greater than 0.2 mrad, based on the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1, after determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area 11 of the alignment glass 10, the design method of the head-up display system 1 further includes the following content. Adjust the distance between the eyebox plane EB10 and the virtual image plane TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1. Recalculate a new plurality of theoretical wedge angle values. Based on the new plurality of theoretical wedge angle values and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the glass bottom edge 12, perform fitting to obtain a third theoretical wedge angle approximation line L3 of the wedge angle associated with the distance from the incident point to the glass bottom edge 12. Determine the maximum deviation value ΔX between the third theoretical wedge angle approximation line L3 and the other one of the two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1 max is 0. 2 mrad or less. If it is determined to be no, repeat the above procedure. If it is determined to be yes, based on the third theoretical wedge angle approximation line L3, determine the wedge angle value in the corresponding first projection display area 115 or the second projection display area 116 of the alignment glass 10.

[0134] In this embodiment, when two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1 have an overlapping portion, the maximum deviation value ΔX max is equal to the maximum value of the difference between the two first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1 in the overlapping portion. When there is no overlapping portion between two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1, the maximum deviation value ΔX max is equal to the difference between the wedge angle values at the two closest ends of the two first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1.

[0135] The maximum deviation value ΔX max When it is greater than 0.2 mrad, it is necessary to adjust the distance between the eyebox plane EB10 and the virtual image plane TB10 corresponding to any one of the two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1, whereby the designed first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1 and the obtained one after adjustment[[ID=???]] Third theoretical wedge angle approximation line L3The maximum deviation value ΔXmax from it can be adjusted to 0.2 mrad or less, or 0.15 mrad or less, or 0.10 mrad or less, or 0.08 mrad or less, or 0.05 mrad or less.

[0136] Specifically, after determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area 11 of the combined glass 10 based on the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1, it is necessary to adjust at least one of two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1.

[0137] Adjust the distance between the eye box surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1.

[0138] Here, by adjusting the distance between the eye box surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1, the wedge angle value for removing the projection ghost image can be adjusted. Under the same conditions, the larger the distance between the eye box surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1, the smaller the wedge angle value for removing the projection ghost image. In this embodiment, by increasing the distance between the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1 and the eye box surface EB10 and / or decreasing the distance between the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to the other first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1 and the eye box surface EB10, the two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1 can be made closer to the design target.

[0139] Recalculate a plurality of new theoretical wedge angle values.

[0140] In this embodiment, after adjusting the distance between the virtual image surface TB10 and the eye box surface EB10, by fitting a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values calculated by the calculation method of the previous embodiment, an approximation line closer to the design target can be obtained.

[0141] Based on a plurality of new theoretical wedge angles and the distances from the incident points corresponding to each of the theoretical wedge angles to the glass bottom edge 12, fitting is performed to obtain a third theoretical wedge angle approximation line L3 of the wedge angle associated with the distance from the incident point to the glass bottom edge 12.

[0142] The maximum deviation value ΔX between the third theoretical wedge angle approximation line L3 and the other one of two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1 max is determined whether it is 0.2 mrad or less.

[0143] In this embodiment, the maximum deviation value ΔX between the third theoretical wedge angle approximation line L3 and the other one of two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines L1 max is determined whether it is 0.2 mrad or less. If it is determined as no, the above procedure is repeated. If it is determined as yes, the value of the wedge angle is selected.

[0144] [[ID=1**********]]Based on the third theoretical wedge angle approximation line L3, the wedge angle value in the corresponding first projection display area 115 or the second projection display area 116 of the laminated glass 10 is determined.

[0145] Referring to FIG. 18, in this embodiment, the plurality of new theoretical wedge angle values and the set of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values have a maximum local range ΔWU, the plurality of new theoretical wedge angle values and the set of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values have an overall range ΔCU, and the value of the ratio of ΔWU to ΔCU satisfies ΔWU / ΔCU ≦ 0.9.

[0146] In this embodiment, after adjustment, the set of a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values corresponding to the first projection display area 115 and the set of a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values corresponding to the second projection display area 116 have a maximum local range ΔWU and an overall range ΔCU, and the value of the ratio of ΔWU to ΔCU satisfies ΔWU / ΔCU≤0.9, so that the overall discreteness of the adjusted plurality of theoretical wedge angle values can be made smaller, the smoothness of the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1 and the third theoretical wedge angle approximation line L3 can be increased, that is, the overall slope of the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line L1 and the third theoretical wedge angle approximation line L3 can be reduced. As a result, the change rate of the overall wedge angle of the laminated glass 10 can be reduced, and the production difficulty of the laminated glass 10 can be reduced. Note that the maximum local range ΔWU of the set of a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values is the maximum value of the local range of the set. Here, the local range of the set means the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the set of a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values at a position where the distance to the glass bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10 is X. The overall range ΔCU of the set of a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values refers to the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the set of all theoretical wedge angle values.

[0147] Refer to FIGS. 19, 20, 21 and 22. In one embodiment of the present application, it is exemplified that the at least one projection display area 11 includes one first projection display area 115. Here, the first projection display area 115 corresponds to an AR-HUD, and the projection display distance is 10000 mm.

[0148] The laminated glass 10 includes a first transparent substrate 14, an intermediate adhesive layer 16 and a second transparent substrate 15. Here, the thickness of the first transparent substrate 14 is 1.8 mm, the minimum thickness of the intermediate adhesive layer 16 is 0.76 mm, and the thickness of the second transparent substrate 15 is 1.8 mm. The mounting angle when the laminated glass 10 is mounted on the front glass of the vehicle is 27°. The longitudinal curvature of the first projection display area 115 Radius R is 5 400 mm ~5 500 mm, the transverse curvature Radius R is 2 500 mm ~2 is 550 mm.

[0149] The size of the eyeglass box surface EB10 is 120 mm × 50 mm, and it is exemplified that the eyeglass box surface EB10 includes three sub-eyeglass box surfaces EB11 sequentially arranged from high to low. Among the three sub-eyeglass box surfaces EB11, the distance between the central points of two adjacent sub-eyeglass box surfaces EB11 is 40 mm. Here, the downward viewing angles of the three sub-eyeglass box surfaces EB11 from high to low are -4.2 deg, -2.6 deg, and -1.0 deg respectively, the horizontal viewing angle (Look over angle) is 0 deg for all, and the viewing angle is 10 deg × 4 deg for all. Here, the distance from the central point of the middle sub-eyeglass box surface EB11 among the three sub-eyeglass box surfaces EB11 to the intersection point of the main optical axis of the first projection light source 211 and the surface of the collimating glass 10 close to the vehicle interior is 826 mm, and the incident angle of the first projection light source 211 is 68°.

[0150] The observation dot matrix EB111 m×n on the three sub-eyeglass box surfaces EB11 is all a 5×3 dot matrix (see Fig. 19), and the virtual image dot matrix TB111 i×j on the three sub-virtual image surfaces TB11 corresponding to the three sub-eyeglass box surfaces EB11 is all a 5×3 dot matrix.

[0151] In the first embodiment, the forward tilt angle of the virtual image surface is 2.6 deg. In the second embodiment, the forward tilt angle of the virtual image surface is 88 deg.

[0152] According to the design method of the head-up display system 1 in the foregoing embodiments, theoretical wedge angle values for removing projection sub-images are sequentially calculated for the first projection display area 115 in the first and second embodiments and created as a scatter diagram. Taking the scatter diagram created based on the fact that the points on the perpendicular bisector of the middle sub-eye box surface EB11 among the three sub-eye box surfaces EB11 in the first embodiment correspond to the points on the sub-virtual image surface TB11 as an example (see FIG. 20), in FIG. 20, EB_Rm corresponds to the points on the perpendicular bisector of the sub-eye box surface EB11, RiCj represents the points on the sub-virtual image surface TB11, and the combination of EB_Rm and RiCj is the point EB_Rm from which, when observing the point RiCj, represents the theoretical wedge angle value when there is no sub-image. Here, m = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and j = 1, 2, 3. Also, when observing the sub-virtual image surface TB11 from the perpendicular bisectors of the other sub-eye box surfaces EB11 in the first embodiment, the distribution rule of the points of the theoretical wedge angle values when there is no sub-image is the same as that in FIG. 20, and the distribution of the points can be calculated. Also, on the eye box surface EB10, when observing the virtual image surface TB10 at the points on the line parallel to the perpendicular bisector, the distribution rule of the points of the theoretical wedge angle values when there is no sub-image is almost the same as that in FIG. 20, and the distribution of the points as shown by the broken line frame in FIG. 21 can be calculated.

[0153] In the second embodiment (see FIG. 21), when observing the sub-virtual image surface TB11 from the points on the perpendicular bisector of the sub-eye box surface EB11, the distribution of the points of the theoretical wedge angle values when there is no sub-image converges toward the broken line segment within the broken line frame compared to the first embodiment. Here, the broken line segment within the broken line frame is the connecting line of a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values when there is no sub-image when observing the center point of the sub-virtual image surface TB11 from the points on the perpendicular bisector of the sub-eye box surface EB11. Also, on the eye box surface EB10, when observing the virtual image surface TB10 at the points on the line parallel to the perpendicular bisector, the distribution rule of the points of the theoretical wedge angle values when there is no sub-image is almost the same as that in FIG. 20, and the contour of the distribution of the points as shown by the solid line frame in FIG. 21 can be calculated.

[0154] Finally, a total of 1350 theoretical wedge angles can be calculated in the first and second embodiments (see Fig. 22). The specific comparison is shown in the following table.

[0155]

Table 1

[0156] △C in the table indicates the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value among a set of multiple theoretical wedge angles when the projection on the laminated glass 10 has no secondary image. △C1 is the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value among a set of multiple theoretical wedge angles when the projection on the laminated glass 10 has no secondary image in the first embodiment. △C2 is the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value among a set of multiple theoretical wedge angles when the projection on the laminated glass 10 has no secondary image in the second embodiment. △W indicates the maximum value among the local ranges of a set of multiple theoretical wedge angles when the projection on the laminated glass 10 has no secondary image. Here, the local range of the set is the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value among a set of multiple theoretical wedge angles at a position where the distance to the glass bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10 is X. Also, in the second embodiment, compared with the first embodiment, the maximum difference in △W is at about 520 mm from the glass bottom edge 12. Here, △W of the first embodiment here is called △W before and △W of the second embodiment here is called △W after and is called.

[0157] Regarding the HUD, the secondary image value indicates the severity of the projected secondary image, and a secondary image value of 0 indicates the absence of a projected secondary image. The maximum local range ΔW and the secondary image value are in a directly proportional relationship. The smaller ΔW is, the smaller the secondary image value becomes, and the change in ΔW corresponds to the change in the secondary image value. As can be seen from the above table, in the second embodiment, compared with the first embodiment, that is, after the virtual image plane TB10 is tilted forward, the change amount of ΔW / ΔC is 21.1%. Here, ΔW / ΔC represents the improvement amount of the secondary image value when using a variable wedge angle with respect to a fixed wedge angle. That is, the smaller the ratio value of ΔW / ΔC is, the more suitable it is to use a variable wedge angle. Therefore, the change amount of ΔW / ΔC is 21.1%, which means that the second embodiment is more suitable for using a variable wedge angle compared with the first embodiment, and the improvement rate is 21.1%.

[0158] Also, ΔW before to ΔW after The improvement rate up to is 18. 4 %, indicating the improvement degree of the maximum local range ΔW after the virtual image plane TB10 is tilted forward.

[0159] Also, ΔW before / ΔC to ΔW after / ΔC The improvement rate up to is 20.8%, indicating the improvement amount of the secondary image value corresponding to using a variable wedge angle with respect to a fixed wedge angle after the virtual image plane TB10 is tilted forward.

[0160] As described above, when comparing the second embodiment with the first embodiment, as can be seen from multiple indicators, by setting the virtual image plane TB10 to be tilted forward and using a variable wedge angle for the combined glass 10, a more significant improvement in the secondary image can be achieved.

[0161] As described above, the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described. However, the above embodiments are illustrative and should not be understood as limiting the present application. A person skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and deformations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application. These improvements and refinements should also belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Explanation of Reference Signs

[0162] 1... Head-up display system, 10... Alignment glass, 11... Projection display area, 111... Upper edge, 112... Lower edge, 113... Segment, 114... Projected image, 115... First projection display area, 1151... First projected image, 116... Second projection display area, 1161... Second projected image, 12... Glass bottom edge, 13... Glass upper edge, 14... First transparent substrate, 15... Second transparent substrate, 16... Intermediate adhesive layer, 20... Projection assembly, 21... Projection light source, 211... First projection light source, 212... Second projection light source, EB1... Eyebox, EB10... Eyebox surface, EB11... Sub-eyebox surface, EB111... Observation dot matrix, TB10... Virtual image plane, TB11... Sub-virtual image plane, TB112... Upper virtual image plane, TB113... Lower virtual image plane, TB111... Virtual image dot matrix, L0... Approximation line of the actual wedge angle, L1... First theoretical wedge angle approximation line, L2... Second theoretical wedge angle approximation line, L3... Third theoretical wedge angle approximation line.

Claims

1. A head-up display system, comprising: a windshield, a projection assembly, and an eyebox; the windshield has at least one projection display area, and each of the projection display areas has a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape in which the thickness of the windshield at the upper edge of the projection display area is greater than the thickness of the windshield at the lower edge of the projection display area when the windshield is attached to a vehicle, and has a segment in which the wedge angle continuously decreases in the direction from the lower edge to the upper edge; the projection assembly includes at least one projection light source capable of projecting onto the at least one projection display area, projection light rays emitted from the projection light source are incident on the projection display area to form a projection image, and the projection image has a virtual image plane; the eyebox includes an eyebox surface for observing the projection image through the projection display area; the eyebox surface includes a plurality of sub-eyebox surfaces, the virtual image plane includes a plurality of sub-virtual image planes corresponding to the plurality of sub-eyebox surfaces, each sub-virtual image plane includes an upper virtual image plane and a lower virtual image plane, and the upper virtual image plane and / or the lower virtual image plane of at least one of the sub-virtual image planes is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane from the sub-eyebox surface, and the forward inclination angle thereof is 45° or more; A head-up display system characterized by the above.

2. The upper virtual image plane and / or the lower virtual image plane of at least one of the sub-virtual image planes is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane from the sub-eyebox surface, and the forward inclination angle thereof is 75° or more. The head-up display system according to claim 1, characterized by the above.

3. At least one of the sub-virtual image planes is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane from the sub-eyebox surface, and the forward inclination angle thereof is 45° or more. The head-up display system according to claim 1, characterized by the above.

4. At least one of the sub-virtual image planes is inclined in the direction of observing the corresponding sub-virtual image plane from the sub-eyebox surface, and the forward inclination angle thereof is 75° or more. The head-up display system according to claim 1, characterized by the above.

5. The distance between the vertex of the sub-virtual image plane and the center point of the corresponding sub-eye box plane is VID1, and the distance between the bottom point of the sub-virtual image plane and the center point of the corresponding sub-eye box plane is VID2. VID1 and VID2 satisfy VID1 > VID2. The head-up display system according to claim 1, characterized in that.

6. VID1 and VID2 satisfy VID1 / VID2 ≥ 1.

5. The head-up display system according to claim 5, characterized in that.

7. There are a measured wedge angle and a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values for removing a secondary image at any point within the segment. The measured wedge angles at each point within the segment are fitted to obtain an approximation line of the actual wedge angle, and the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values at each point within the segment are fitted to obtain a first theoretical wedge angle approximation line. The maximum deviation value between the approximation line of the actual wedge angle and the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line is 0.07 mrad or less. The head-up display system according to claim 1, characterized in that.

8. Both the approximation line of the actual wedge angle and the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line conform to a polynomial function. The head-up display system according to claim 7, characterized in that.

9. The maximum rate of change ROC at which the wedge angle within the segment continuously and monotonically decreases satisfies ROC ≤ 0.3 mrad / 100 mm, or ROC ≤ 0.2 mrad / 100 mm, or ROC ≤ 0.1 mrad / 100 mm, or ROC ≤ 0.05 mrad / 100 mm. The head-up display system according to claim 8, characterized in that.

10. The angle formed between two adjacent sub-virtual image planes among the plurality of sub-virtual image planes is 15° or less. The head-up display system according to claim 1, characterized in that.

11. In the direction from the bottom edge of the glass to the upper edge of the glass of the combiner glass, the ratio of the length of the segment to the length of the projection display area is 70% or more. The head-up display system according to claim 1, characterized in that.

12. The at least one projection display area includes at least one first projection display area and at least one second projection display area. The projection light source is configured to project a light beam onto the first projection display area to form a first projection image, and the virtual image distance of the first projection image is 7 m to 100 m. The projection light source is configured to project a light beam onto the second projection display area to form a second projection image, and the virtual image distance of the second projection image is 1 m to 6 m. The head-up display system according to claim 1, characterized in that.

13. The at least one projection light source includes at least one first projection light source and at least one second projection light source. The first projection light source is configured to project a light beam onto the first projection display area, and the second projection light source is configured to project a light beam onto the second projection display area. The head-up display system according to claim 12, characterized in that.

14. The combiner glass a first transparent substrate, a second transparent substrate, an intermediate adhesive layer provided between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate for adhering the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate, and includes At least one of the first transparent substrate, the second transparent substrate, and the intermediate adhesive layer has a wedge angle in the projection display area. The head-up display system according to claim 1, characterized in that.

15. The wedge angles of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate in the projection display area are both 0, the intermediate adhesive layer has a wedge angle in the projection display area, and the wedge angle of the intermediate adhesive layer in the projection display area is equal to the wedge angle of the projection display area. The head-up display system according to claim 14, characterized in that.

16. The first transparent substrate and / or the second transparent substrate has a wedge angle in the projection display area, the intermediate adhesive layer has a wedge angle in the projection display area, and the sum of the wedge angle of the first transparent substrate and / or the second transparent substrate in the projection display area and the wedge angle of the intermediate adhesive layer in the projection display area is equal to the wedge angle of the projection display area. The head-up display system according to claim 14, characterized in that.

17. A design method for a head-up display system, comprising To provide a projection assembly and a laminated glass, wherein projection light rays emitted from the projection assembly are incident on at least one projection display area of the laminated glass, To design an instrument panel surface located inside the vehicle based on an observer inside the vehicle, To design a virtual image surface that is inclined in a direction of observing a corresponding sub-virtual image surface from a sub-instrument panel surface based on a projection image observed by an observer inside the vehicle through each projection display area, Here, the instrument panel surface includes a plurality of sub-instrument panel surfaces, the virtual image surface includes a plurality of sub-virtual image surfaces, each sub-virtual image surface corresponds to one sub-instrument panel surface, each sub-virtual image surface includes an upper virtual image surface and a lower virtual image surface, and the upper virtual image surface and / or the lower virtual image surface of at least one of the sub-virtual image surfaces is inclined in a direction of observing a corresponding sub-virtual image surface from a sub-instrument panel surface, and the forward inclination angle thereof is 45° or more. To select an observation dot matrix on each sub-instrument panel surface and select a virtual image dot matrix on each sub-virtual image surface, wherein a connecting line between a point in the observation dot matrix and a point in the virtual image dot matrix passes through a corresponding projection display area, and an intersection point between the connecting line and the projection display area is an incident point, To calculate a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values of the laminated glass when a projection image has no secondary image at a corresponding incident point based on the projection assembly, the laminated glass, and a plurality of connecting lines, To perform fitting based on the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values and a distance from an incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to a glass bottom edge of the laminated glass to obtain a first theoretical wedge angle approximation line of a wedge angle associated with a distance from the incident point to the glass bottom edge, To determine a wedge angle value in a corresponding projection display area of the laminated glass based on the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line, Including, A design method of a head-up display system, characterized by the above.

18. The above-mentioned designing a virtual image surface that is inclined in a direction of observing a corresponding sub-virtual image surface from a sub-instrument panel surface based on a projection image observed by an observer inside the vehicle through each projection display area is Designing at least one of the sub-virtual image surfaces that is inclined in a direction of observing a corresponding sub-virtual image surface from a sub-instrument panel surface, and the forward inclination angle thereof is 45° or more. Including The method for designing a head-up display system according to claim 17, characterized in that.

19. Designing a virtual image plane that is inclined in a direction of observing a corresponding sub-virtual image plane from a sub-eye box plane based on a projection image observed by an observer in the vehicle through each projection display area, When the upper virtual image plane and / or the lower virtual image plane of the sub-virtual image plane is inclined in a direction of observing a corresponding sub-virtual image plane from a sub-eye box plane, it includes that VID1 and VID2 satisfy VID1 > VID2, The distance between the vertex of the sub-virtual image plane and the center point of the corresponding sub-eye box plane is VID1, and the distance between the bottom point of the sub-virtual image plane and the center point of the corresponding sub-eye box plane is VID2, The method for designing a head-up display system according to claim 17, characterized in that.

20. VID1 and VID2 satisfy VID1 / VID2 ≥ 1.5, The method for designing a head-up display system according to claim 19, characterized in that.

21. Designing a virtual image plane that is inclined in a direction of observing a corresponding sub-virtual image plane from a sub-eye box plane based on a projection image observed by an observer in the vehicle through each projection display area, Including designing the angle formed between two adjacent sub-virtual image planes among the plurality of sub-virtual image planes to be 15° or less, The method for designing a head-up display system according to claim 17, characterized in that.

22. The value of the ratio of the maximum local range ΔW of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values to the overall range ΔC of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values satisfies ΔW / ΔC ≤ 0.9, The method for designing a head-up display system according to claim 17, characterized in that.

23. The at least one projection display area includes at least two first projection display areas or at least two second projection display areas. After fitting to obtain at least two first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines of the wedge angle associated with the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the glass, and when the maximum deviation value between two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines is greater than 0.15 mrad, after determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area of the combined glass based on the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line, the method for designing the head-up display system further includes Adjusting the distance between the eyepiece box surface and the virtual image surface corresponding to one of the two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines; Recalculating a plurality of new theoretical wedge angle values; Fitting based on the plurality of new theoretical wedge angle values and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the glass bottom edge to obtain a second theoretical wedge angle approximation line of the wedge angle associated with the distance from the incident point to the glass bottom edge; Determining whether the maximum deviation value between the second theoretical wedge angle approximation line and the other one of the two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines is 0.15 mrad or less; If the determination is no, repeating the above procedure; If the determination is yes, determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding first projection display area or the second projection display area of the combined glass based on the second theoretical wedge angle approximation line; including; A method for designing a head-up display system according to claim 17, characterized in that.

24. The at least one projection display area includes at least one first projection display area and at least one second projection display area. Fitting to obtain at least two first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines of the wedge angle associated with the distance from the incident point to the glass bottom edge. When the maximum deviation value between two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines is greater than 0.2 mrad, after determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding projection display area of the combined glass based on the first theoretical wedge angle approximation line, the method for designing the head-up display system further includes: Adjusting the distance between the eyepiece box surface and the virtual image surface corresponding to one of the two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines; Recalculating a plurality of new theoretical wedge angle values; Fitting based on the plurality of new theoretical wedge angle values and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the glass bottom edge to obtain a third theoretical wedge angle approximation line of the wedge angle associated with the distance from the incident point to the glass bottom edge; Determining whether the maximum deviation value between the third theoretical wedge angle approximation line and the other one of the two adjacent first theoretical wedge angle approximation lines is 0.15 mrad or less; If the determination is no, repeating the above procedure; If it is determined to be "yes", based on the third theoretical wedge angle approximation line, determining the wedge angle value in the corresponding first projection display area or the second projection display area of the combined glass; including A method for designing a head-up display system according to claim 17, characterized by the above.

25. The set of the adjusted plurality of theoretical wedge angle values has a maximum local range ΔWU, the set of the adjusted plurality of theoretical wedge angle values has an overall range ΔCU, and the value of the ratio of ΔWU to ΔCU satisfies ΔWU / ΔCU≤0.9; A method for designing a head-up display system according to claim 17, characterized by the above.

Images