Curcumin Compound Composition

Abstract

The present invention relates to compositions, particularly lipid-based compositions that solubilize and / or encapsulate (sometimes at high concentrations) curcumin (and / or its derivatives or analogs). Such lipid-based compositions have a variety of uses, including in their capacity as topical or ingestible formulations. Such compositions allow for the delivery of high concentrations of curcumin (and its derivatives) in a highly bioavailable form.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to compositions, particularly lipid-based compositions that solubilize and / or encapsulate (sometimes at high concentrations) curcumin (and / or its derivatives or analogs). The present invention also relates to methods of producing the compositions. The present invention also relates to various products that utilize or incorporate the compositions, and methods for making these. Because the physical form of the compositions can be adjusted, products containing or characterized by the compositions can allow for various modes of administration to and within the body. As such, the present invention also relates to various uses of the compositions and products, including medical uses. [Background technology]

[0002] Curcumin is the main active ingredient in turmeric, a plant widely used in Indian curries. Curcumin is a phenolic compound (chemically named diferuloylmethane or [1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione]) isolated primarily from the rhizomes of turmeric (Curcuma longa). Developed from traditional medicine in India, it is under extensive investigation and development for treating various health ailments, such as biliary disorders, loss of appetite, cough, diabetic complications, liver damage, rheumatism, and sinusitis. See Stohs, SJ; Chen, O.; Ray, SD; Ji, J.; Bucci, LR; Preuss, HG, Highly Bioavailable Forms of Curcumin and Promising Avenues for Curcumin-Based Research and Application: A Review. Molecules 2020, 25(6), 1397. Reports on the efficacy of curcumin over the past 50 years have shown that it lowers blood cholesterol, prevents oxidation of low-density lipoproteins, inhibits platelet aggregation, reduces thrombosis and myocardial infarction (MI), suppresses symptoms associated with type 2 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease, inhibits human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication, enhances wound healing, protects against liver injury, increases bile secretion, protects against cataract formation, and protects against pulmonary toxicity and fibrosis - see also Rakotoarisoa, M.; Angelova, A., Amphiphilic Nanocarrier Systems for Curcumin Delivery in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Medicines (Basel) 2018, 5(4), 126.

[0003] Although curcumin has significant health benefits, inherent concerns about its low bioavailability, low solubility, and limited stability hinder its applicability -Beevers, C.S.; Huang, S., Pharmacological and clinical properties of curcumin. Botanics: Targets and Therapy 2011, 1, 5-18. Numerous attempts in the past decade have attempted to address these challenges through the development and testing of various drug delivery nano / microsystems, including vesicles / liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), polymer-based nanoparticles, mixed micelles, nanoemulsions, and hydrogel or organogel complexes - Rakotoarisoa et al. Medicines (Basel) 2018; Rakotoarisoa, M.; Angelov, B.; Garamus, V.M.; Angelova, A., Curcumin- and Fish Oil-Loaded Spongosome and Cubosome Nanoparticles with Neuroprotective Potential against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress in Differentiated Human SH-SY5Y Cells. ACS Omega 2019,4(2),3061-3073;Duan,Y.;Wang,J.;Yang,X.;Du,H.;Xi,Y.;Zhai,G.,Curcumin-loaded mixed micelles:preparation, optimization, physicochemical properties and cytotoxicity in vitro.Drug Delivery 2015,22(1),50-57;Hasan,M.;Belhaj,N.;Benachour,H.;Barberi-Heyob,M.;Kahn,CJF;Jabbari,E.;Linder,M.;Arab-Tehrany,E.,Liposome encapsulation of curcumin:Physico-chemical characterizations and effects on MCF7 cancer cell proliferation.International Journal of Pharmaceutics 2014,461(1),519-528;Ahmed,K.;Li,Y.;McClements,DJ;Xiao,H.,Nanoemulsion-and emulsion-based delivery systems for curcumin:Encapsulation and release properties.Food See Chemistry 2012, 132(2), 799-807; Kharat, M.; McClements, DJ, Recent advances in colloidal delivery systems for nutraceuticals: A case study-Delivery by Design of curcumin. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 2019, 557, 506-518. Some of these systems have been shown to improve curcumin solubility and bioavailability, prevent curcumin degradation by minimizing exposure to water, and enhance permeability and high retention, enabling targeting to tumor sites. (Rakotoarisoa et al., Medicines (Basel) 2018). These carrier systems were composed of amphiphilic molecules to help solubilize curcumin's polar (hydrophilic) and nonpolar (hydrophobic) groups. As a result, potential curcumin degradation in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is also prevented. (Hu, B.; Liu, X.; Zhang, C.; Zeng, X., Food macromolecule-based nanodelivery systems for enhancing the bioavailability of polyphenols. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 2017, 25(1), 3-15.)

[0004] In addition to the above, Esposito et al. 2013,33(8),4923-4934),Rachmawati et al(Rachmawati H,Budiputra DK,Mauludin R.Curcumin nanoemulsion for transdermal application:formulation and evaluation.Drug Dev Ind Pharm.2015 Apr;41(4):560-6.doi:10.3109 / 03639045.2014.884127.Epub 2014 Feb Various other efforts, such as those by W. K. (PMID: 24502271) and Sanjeeb et al. (WO 2011101859), have sought to improve solubility and / or bioavailability (while preserving curcumin stability). However, none of these efforts have led to a complete solution to, for example, resolving both bioavailability and solubility (particularly at high curcumin loadings), and some prior art proposals use significant amounts of several ingredients, including polymers and / or surfactants, some of which are undesirable (or at least undesirable in the amounts used). Such challenges are particularly pronounced in topical compositions, but also in oral dosage forms (including either solid or liquid forms, but particularly solid).

[0005] It is an object of the present invention to provide alternative compositions, sometimes for alternative uses or in alternative products, to those described in the prior art.

[0006] It is an object of the present invention to provide a composition that allows a relatively high loading of curcumin (or a derivative thereof) that can be achieved, in particular without compromising bioavailability.

[0007] It is an object of the present invention to provide a composition that provides curcumin (or a derivative thereof) in a bioavailable form, particularly one that can be achieved without the need to reduce the curcumin load.

[0008] It is an object of the present invention to provide lipid-based compositions that result in better solubility of curcumin and / or better encapsulation of curcumin.

[0009] An object of the present invention is to provide a lipid-based composition in which the curcumin does not settle after centrifugation - such a composition preferably ensures that the curcumin is well encapsulated within the lipid and / or fully dissolved, thus providing a more consistent product.

[0010] It is an object of the present invention to provide lipid-based compositions that utilize as few ingredients (or types / categories of ingredients) as possible, particularly to avoid certain types of surfactants and polymeric materials.

[0011] It is an object of the present invention to provide a lipid-based composition that can be adapted for a variety of uses.

[0012] It is an object of the present invention to provide lipid-based compositions that are stable (especially physically stable) over extended periods of time during storage.

[0013] It is an object of the present invention to provide a lipid-based composition in which curcumin remains chemically stable both during storage and use (including on the skin or internally).

[0014] It is an object of the present invention to provide lipid-based compositions containing high loadings of curcumin (or its derivatives) that can be easily dispersed in water or other solvents (preferably after storage) to produce oil-in-water compositions. Preferably, such compositions will be stored in the absence of surfactants (or in the presence of very low levels of surfactants).

[0015] It is an object of the present invention to provide a lipid-based system that is specifically optimized for the formulation, storage, and delivery of curcumin, particularly for delivery through the skin or oral / gastrointestinal delivery. Summary of the Invention

[0016] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composition, preferably a composition comprising a curcumin compound. The curcumin compound is preferably curcumin (or a derivative or analog thereof) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The composition is preferably a lipid-based composition comprising the curcumin compound and one or more lipids. Preferably, the composition also comprises one or more glycerides, preferably at least one of the glycerides (preferably each) comprising at least one unsaturated moiety (preferably at least one alkene moiety, most preferably at least one cis-alkene moiety). Preferably, the one or more glycerides are one or more mono- and / or di-glycerides, most preferably one or more mono-glycerides.

[0017] In relation to the above embodiment, preferably the or each glyceride (preferably each mono- and / or diglyceride) comprises one, two or three fatty acids (preferably one or two fatty acids in the case of mono- and / or diglycerides, respectively) condensed with glycerol. Preferably the or at least one, most preferably each (or all) said fatty acid is selected from the group consisting of C6 to C8 30 Fatty acids (i.e., having a carbon chain length of 6 to 30 carbons including a carboxylate carbon), preferably C8 to C 20 Fatty acids, most preferably C18 The fatty acids are fatty acids. Preferably, at least one (preferably each) fatty acid comprises at least one unsaturated moiety, preferably at least one alkene moiety, most preferably at least one cis-alkene moiety. Most preferably, the fatty acid is or comprises oleic acid, and most preferably, the glyceride is (or comprises) glyceryl monooleate (monoolein). In an alternative embodiment, the fatty acid is or comprises linoleic acid (preferably in addition to or instead of oleic acid), in which case, most preferably, the glyceride is (or comprises) glyceryl monolinoleate (monolinolein) (preferably in addition to or instead of glyceryl monooleate).

[0018] The curcumin compound can be any suitable curcumin compound, but is most preferably curcumin. The composition can include one or more curcumin compounds, but preferably at least one of the curcumin compounds (most preferably the primary curcumin compound, i.e., the one present in the highest weight percent) is curcumin.

[0019] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composition comprising a curcumin compound and one or more monoglycerides, wherein at least one of the one or more monoglycerides comprises at least one cis-alkene moiety.

[0020] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composition comprising a curcumin compound and one or more monoglycerides, wherein at least one of the one or more monoglycerides comprises at least one cis-alkene moiety; However, compositions are provided that are not dietary supplements, food additives, or foodstuffs.

[0021] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composition, preferably a composition comprising one or more curcumin compounds. Preferably, one of the curcumin compounds constitutes a "primary" curcumin compound, typically referred to herein as "a curcumin compound" or "the curcumin compound." The primary curcumin compound is preferably curcumin or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The composition is a lipid-based composition comprising one or more curcumin compounds, preferably including the primary curcumin compound, and one or more lipids. Preferably, the one or more lipids comprise or are one or more glycerides, and preferably, at least one (preferably each) of the glycerides comprises at least one unsaturated moiety (preferably, at least one alkene moiety, most preferably, at least one cis-alkene moiety). Preferably, the one or more glycerides are one or more mono- and / or di-glycerides, most preferably, one or more mono-glycerides.

[0022] According to one aspect of the present invention, a curcumin compound (or one or more curcumin compounds, preferably one curcumin compound is the "primary" curcumin compound); and one or more lipids, preferably one or more glycerides, suitably one or more mono- and / or di-glycerides, but most preferably one or more mono-glycerides, where at least one (preferably each) of the glycerides contains at least one unsaturated moiety (preferably at least one alkene moiety, most preferably at least one cis-alkene moiety). A composition comprising: The curcumin compound is provided by a turmeric extract (and / or curcuminoid mixture) contained within the composition; Optionally, compositions are provided which further comprise water, optionally in combination with a surfactant, and which are water-in-oil or oil-in-water dispersions or emulsions.

[0023] According to one aspect of the present invention, a curcumin compound (or one or more curcumin compounds, preferably one curcumin compound is the "primary" curcumin compound); one or more lipids, preferably one or more glycerides, suitably one or more mono- and / or di-glycerides, but most preferably one or more mono-glycerides, where at least one (preferably each) of the glycerides comprises at least one unsaturated moiety (preferably at least one alkene moiety, most preferably at least one cis-alkene moiety); one or more oils, preferably selected from the group consisting of moringa oil, palm oil, sunflower oil, avocado oil, soybean oil, corn oil, or any combination thereof; A composition comprising: Optionally, compositions are provided which further comprise water, optionally in combination with a surfactant, and which are water-in-oil or oil-in-water dispersions or emulsions.

[0024] According to one aspect of the present invention, a curcumin compound (or one or more curcumin compounds, preferably one curcumin compound is the "primary" curcumin compound); one or more lipids, preferably one or more glycerides, suitably one or more mono- and / or di-glycerides, but most preferably one or more mono-glycerides, where at least one (preferably each) of the glycerides comprises at least one unsaturated moiety (preferably at least one alkene moiety, most preferably at least one cis-alkene moiety); one or more oils, preferably selected from the group consisting of moringa oil, palm oil, sunflower oil, avocado oil, soybean oil, corn oil, or any combination thereof; A composition comprising: The curcumin compound is provided by a turmeric extract (and / or curcuminoid mixture) contained within the composition; Optionally, compositions are provided which further comprise water, optionally in combination with a surfactant, and which are water-in-oil or oil-in-water dispersions or emulsions.

[0025] The compositions of the present invention may be a foodstuff or a food additive, but preferably the compositions of the present invention are not a foodstuff or a food additive. Preferably the compositions are not a dietary supplement, a food additive or a foodstuff.

[0026] According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of preparing a composition (preferably as defined herein), said method preferably as defined herein, said method preferably comprising the step of mixing a curcumin compound with one or more glycerides.

[0027] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composition obtained (or obtained directly) by the above-described method for preparing a composition.

[0028] According to an aspect of the present invention there is provided a product comprising a composition (preferably as defined herein), said product being preferably as defined herein.

[0029] According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of preparing a product (preferably as defined herein), said method preferably as defined herein, which preferably comprises the step of incorporating the composition into the product, preferably by mixing the composition with other components / ingredients of the product.

[0030] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a product obtained (or obtained directly) by the above method of preparing a product.

[0031] According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a composition for use as a medicament (or for use in the treatment of a disease, disorder or medical condition, suitably a disease, disorder or medical condition as defined herein).

[0032] According to an aspect of the present invention there is provided the use of a composition (suitably as defined herein, e.g., a pharmaceutical composition) or product (suitably as defined herein, e.g., a medicinal product) in the manufacture of a medicament (or in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a disease, disorder or medical condition, suitably a disease, disorder or medical condition as defined herein).

[0033] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of treating a disease, disorder or medical condition (preferably a disease, disorder or medical condition as defined herein) in a subject (preferably in a subject identified as in need of treatment), the method comprising the step of administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a composition (preferably, e.g., a pharmaceutical composition as defined herein) or product (preferably, e.g., a drug product as defined herein).

[0034] Any feature, including optional, suitable, and preferred features, described with respect to any particular aspect of the invention may also be a feature, including optional, suitable, and preferred features, of any other aspect of the invention, unless inconsistent.

[0035] For a better understanding of the present invention, and to show how embodiments of the invention may be carried into effect, reference will now be made, by way of example, to the following schematic drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0036] [Figure 1A]FIG. 1 shows various concentrations of curcumin (1.2, 1.3, 1.5, and 2.0 mg / g, from left to right) solubilized in molten DU. [Figure 1B] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the possible solubilization / encapsulation of curcumin into DU, which forms a liquid crystalline fluid lamellar (Lα) phase in the dehydrated state and melts into a fluid isotropic (L2) phase. [Figure 1C] FIG. 1 shows samples demonstrating encapsulation of curcumin (concentrations indicated from left to right as 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 mg / g). [Figure 1D] 1 is a histogram showing the concentration of curcumin in formulation F01 with error bars. [Figure 2] Graph showing intensity (I(q)) (arbitrary units) as a function of scattering vector (q) (nm). The patterns typically identify the presence of lamellar phases with and without curcumin using SAXS techniques. The inset shows the primary peak of the lamellar phase. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 shows DSC curves of heating direction showing the effect of curcumin in dry and wet states. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 shows the molecular structure of curcumin and the numbering scheme used in its NMR characterization. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 shows the assigned H NMR spectrum (performed on neat molten monoolein at 50° C. using a d6-dmso ((CD3)2SO) capillary sealed in lock) and molecular structure of monoolein. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 shows the assigned 13C NMR spectrum (performed on neat molten monoolein at 50° C. using a d6-dmso capillary sealed in lock) and molecular structure of monoolein. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 shows a partially assigned H NMR spectrum of a solution of curcumin (5 mg) in molten monoolein (1000 mg) at 50° C. (using a sealed d6-dmso capillary on the lock). [Figure 8A]FIG. 1 shows various concentrations of curcumin (10.0, 7.5, 6, 5, and 4.0 mg / g from left to right) solubilized in the DU-water cubic phase for formulation F02 (curcumin in DU and water). [Figure 8B] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the three-dimensional serpentine structure (left) formed by lipid bilayers of the bicontinuous cubic Pn3m phase (right) for formulation F02 (DU and curcumin in water). [Figure 8C] FIG. 1 shows the encapsulation of curcumin (concentrations shown from left to right as i) 100, 200 mg / g, and ii) 200, 400, and 500 mg / g) for formulation F02 (curcumin in DU and water). [Figure 8D] 1 is a histogram showing the concentration of curcumin in formulation F02 (DU and curcumin in water) with error bars. [Figure 9A] Figure 1 shows that for formulation F03 (curcumin in nanostructured dispersion), sonication of formulation 02 in the presence of F127 solution resulted in a nanostructured dispersion (in this case, an emulsion). After centrifugation, formulations containing more than 7.5 mg / g curcumin showed slight sedimentation (as in (ii)), but below this concentration formulation F03 was stable and homogeneous (as in (i)). [Figure 9B] 1 is a histogram showing the concentration of curcumin in formulation F03 (curcumin in nanostructured dispersion) with error bars. [Figure 10] FIG. 1 shows emulsions stabilized by using saponin, a non-PEG-based surfactant. [Figure 11] Figure 1 shows water-in-oil emulsions prepared using different lipid combinations that can be loaded with curcumin to give creams / pastes of different viscosities as shown on the right. [Figure 12] Bile salt-lipid mixture (left and center) and curcumin-loaded bile salt-lipid-water mixture (right). [Figure 13]FIG. 1 shows lipid formulations containing Moringa oil. [Figure 13A] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.7936 wt% curcumin, 49.96 wt% DU, and 49.96 wt% moringa oil (i.e., 50:50 DU / oil). [Figure 13B] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.7936 wt% curcumin, 89.28 wt% DU, and 9.92% Moringa oil (i.e., 90:10 DU / oil). [Figure 13C] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 2.5341 wt% curcumin, 58.48 wt% DU, 6.498 wt% Moringa oil, and 32.489 wt% water (i.e., 90:10 DU / oil). [Figure 13D-1] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.397 wt% curcumin, 44.597 wt% DU, 4.9554 wt% Moringa oil, 49.554 wt% water, and 0.49554 wt% Pluronic F127 surfactant (i.e., 90:10 DU:oil). [Figure 13D-2] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.397 wt% curcumin, 39.64 wt% DU, 9.94 wt% Moringa oil, 49.554 wt% water, and 0.4955 wt% F127 (i.e., 80:20 DU:oil). [Figure 13D-3] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.397 wt% curcumin, 29.73% DY, 19.82% Moringa oil, 49.55 wt% water, and 0.4955 wt% F127 (i.e., 60:40 DU:oil). [Figure 14] Figure 1 shows lipid formulations containing DU:coconut oil in a) 90:10, b) 80:20, and c) 60:40 ratios. These samples contain 2.5 mg of curcumin per gram of total content: a) 900 mg DU + 100 mg coconut oil + 1 g of 1% F127 solution in water; b) 800 mg DU + 200 mg coconut oil + 1 g of 1% F127 solution in water; c) 600 mg DU + 400 mg coconut oil + 1 g of 1% F127 solution in water. [Figure 14A] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.398 wt % curcumin, 49.8 wt % DU, and 49.8 wt % coconut oil (i.e., 50:50 DU / oil). [Figure 14B] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.596 wt% curcumin, 89.46 wt% DU, and 9.94% coconut oil (i.e., 90:10 DU / oil). [Figure 14C] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 1.96 wt% curcumin, 58.82 wt% DU, 6.535 wt% coconut oil, and 32.679 wt% water (i.e., 90:10 DU / oil). [Figure 15] Figure 1 shows lipid formulations containing DU:sunflower oil in a) 90:10, b) 80:20, and c) 60:40 ratios. These samples contain 2.5 mg of curcumin per gram of total content: a) 900 mg DU + 100 mg sunflower oil + 1 g 1% F127 solution in water; b) 800 mg DU + 200 mg sunflower oil + 1 g 1% F127 solution in water; c) 600 mg DU + 400 mg sunflower oil + 1 g 1% F127 solution in water. [Figure 15A] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.398 wt % curcumin, 49.8 wt % DU, and 49.8 wt % sunflower oil (i.e., 50:50 DU / oil). [Figure 15B] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.596 wt % curcumin, 89.46 wt % DU, and 9.94% sunflower oil (i.e., 90:10 DU / oil). [Figure 15C] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 1.96 wt% curcumin, 58.82 wt% DU, 6.535 wt% sunflower oil, and 32.679 wt% water (i.e., 90:10 DU / oil). [Figure 16]Figure 1 shows lipid formulations containing DU:avocado oil in a ratio of a) 90:10, b) 80:20, and c) 60:40. These samples contain 2.5 mg of curcumin per gram of total content: a) 900 mg DU + 100 mg avocado oil + 1 g of 1% F127 solution in water; b) 800 mg DU + 200 mg avocado oil + 1 g of 1% F127 solution in water; c) 600 mg DU + 400 mg avocado oil + 1 g of 1% F127 solution in water. [Figure 16A] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.398 wt% curcumin, 49.8 wt% DU, and 49.8 wt% avocado oil (i.e., 50:50 DU / oil). [Figure 16B] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.596 wt% curcumin, 89.46 wt% DU, and 9.94% avocado oil (i.e., 90:10 DU / oil). [Figure 16C] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 1.96 wt% curcumin, 58.82 wt% DU, 6.535 wt% avocado oil, and 32.679 wt% water (i.e., 90:10 DU / oil). [Figure 17] a) Film mold for preparing curcumin-loaded hydrogel-lipid films; b) Drug release setup containing curcumin-loaded films; c) Curcumin released from the hydrogel-lipid films. [Figure 18] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.497 wt% curcumin, 49.75 wt% DU, and 49.75% soybean oil. [Figure 18A] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.695 wt% curcumin, 89.37 wt% DU, and 9.93 wt% soybean oil. [Figure 18B] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 2.344 wt% curcumin, 58.59 wt% DU, 6.51% soybean oil, and 32.55 wt% water. [Figure 18C-1]FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.347 wt% curcumin, 44.62 wt% DU, 4.958 wt% soybean oil, 49.58 wt% water, and 0.496 wt% F127. [Figure 18C-2] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.347 wt% curcumin, 39.667 wt% DU, 9.916 wt% soybean oil, 49.58 wt% water, and 0.496 wt% F127. [Figure 18C-3] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.347 wt% curcumin, 29.75 wt% DU, 19.83 wt% soybean oil, 49.58 wt% water, and 0.496 wt% F127. [Figure 19] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.497 wt% curcumin, 49.75 wt% DU, and 49.75% corn oil. [Figure 19A] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.695 wt% curcumin, 89.37 wt% DU, and 9.93 wt% corn oil. [Figure 19B] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 2.344 wt% curcumin, 58.59 wt% DU, 6.51% corn oil, and 32.55 wt% water. [Figure 19C-1] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.347 wt% curcumin, 44.62 wt% DU, 4.958 wt% corn oil, 49.58 wt% water, and 0.496 wt% F127. [Figure 19C-2] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.347 wt% curcumin, 39.667 wt% DU, 9.916 wt% corn oil, 49.58 wt% water, and 0.496 wt% F127. [Figure 19C-3] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.347 wt% curcumin, 29.75 wt% DU, 19.83 wt% corn oil, 49.58 wt% water, and 0.496 wt% F127. [Figure 20]FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.027 wt. % curcumin, 99.3 wt. % DU, and 0.667 wt. % other substances present in turmeric. [Figure 21] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.0895 wt.% curcumin, 58.65 wt.% DU, 39.104 wt.% water, and 2.15 wt.% other substances present in turmeric. [Figure 22] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 1.88 wt% curcumin, 47.16 wt% DU, 47.16 wt% aloe vera gel, and 3.77 wt% xanthan gum and vegetable glycerol. [Figure 23] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 32.5 wt. % curcumin, 50 wt. % DU, and 17.5 wt. % others (others including demethoxycurcumin and bis-demethoxycurcumin). [Figure 24] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 1.95 wt. % curcumin, 50 wt. % DU, and 48.05 wt. % others (the others being components of (Solgar) turmeric extract other than curcumin). [Figure 25] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 2.5 wt. % curcumin, 50 wt. % DU, and 47.5 wt. % others (the others being non-curcumin components (demethoxycurcumin, bis-demethoxycurcumin, vitamin D, polysorbate 80)). [Figure 26] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 21.66 wt% curcumin, 40 wt% DU, 26.6 wt% water, and 11.6 wt% others (the others being mainly demethoxycurcumin and bis-demethoxycurcumin). [Figure 27] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 1.3 wt% curcumin, 40 wt% DU, 26.6 wt% water, and 32.03 wt% others (others including components of turmeric extract other than curcumin). [Figure 28]FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 1.67 wt% curcumin, 40 wt% DU, 26.6 wt% water, and 31.66 wt% others (others include demethoxycurcumin, bis-demethoxycurcumin, vitamin D, polysorbate 80). [Figure 29] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 1.89 wt% curcumin, 4.85 wt% DU, 92.23 wt% water, and 1.02 wt% others (the others being primarily demethoxycurcumin and bis-demethoxycurcumin). [Figure 30] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 0.95 wt. % curcumin, 4.85 wt. % DU, 92.23 wt. % water, and 1.97 wt. % others (i.e., components of turmeric extract excluding curcumin). [Figure 31] FIG. 1 shows a lipid formulation containing 1.114 wt% curcumin, 4.85 wt% DU, 92.23 wt% water, and 2.799 wt% others (i.e., demethoxycurcumin, bis-demethoxycurcumin, vitamin D, polysorbate 80). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0037] definition Unless otherwise stated, the following terms used in the specification and claims have the following meanings indicated below.

[0038] Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the words "comprise" and "containing" and variations thereof mean "including, but not limited to," and are not intended to (and do not) exclude other moieties, additives, components, integers, or steps. Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the singular encompasses the plural unless the context requires otherwise. In particular, where the indefinite article is used, it should be understood that the specification contemplates both the plural and the singular unless the context requires otherwise.

[0039] It should be understood that any feature, integer, property, compound, chemical moiety, or group described in connection with a particular aspect, embodiment, or example of the invention is applicable to any other aspect, embodiment, or example described herein, unless inconsistent. All of the features disclosed herein (including any accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) and / or all of the steps of any method or process so disclosed may be combined in any combination, except combinations in which at least some of such features and / or steps are mutually exclusive. The invention is not limited to the details of any of the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel one or any novel combination of features disclosed herein (including any accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings), or any novel one or any novel combination of steps of any method or process so disclosed.

[0040] The reader's attention is directed to all papers and documents related to this application, filed contemporaneously herewith or earlier hereto, and open to public inspection herewith, and the contents of all such papers and documents are incorporated herein by reference.

[0041] For the avoidance of doubt, it is hereby expressly stated that the information disclosed hereinbefore under the heading "Background Art" is relevant to the present invention and should be read as part of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0042] Unless otherwise specified, any reference herein to an "average" value is intended to relate to the mean value.

[0043] Unless otherwise stated, whenever a claim or paragraph refers to another claim / paragraph "or any other claim / paragraph dependent thereon" (or similar such language), such "other claims / paragraphs dependent thereon" includes other claims / paragraphs that depend thereon directly or indirectly (i.e., through one or more other dependencies).

[0044] As used herein, the term "compound of formula [X]" (where [X] is a number, typically a Roman numeral, optionally followed by an alphanumeric character) may be abbreviated as "compound [X]." Reference to either "compound of formula [X]" or "compound [X]" preferably includes a salt (e.g., a pharmaceutically acceptable salt) or solvate (e.g., a hydrate) thereof, and preferably also includes synthetic equivalents thereof.

[0045] A "composition" typically includes components and ingredients. Components may also be referred to as constituents, and may be used interchangeably, particularly with respect to compositions.

[0046] The term "component" (or constituent) includes general components (e.g., defined by reference to a component class, e.g., sugar) or specific components (e.g., sucrose, which is a specific component of the sugar component class).

[0047] Without intending to be limiting, an ingredient may be defined by reference to a label, name (especially if the name is well-known), structure, function, any other suitable means, or any combination thereof. When an ingredient (especially an ingredient class) is referred to by a functional label (e.g., a label or name that refers to a function or uses functional language, e.g., "sugar stabilizer"), the ingredient may perform the specified function (e.g., in the context of a given composition), particularly if the specified function can be easily verified by the means specified herein. However, the functional label may simply be a label that does not require specific verification of the specified function, particularly if the specification does not provide a specific method for verifying the function. In such cases, a person skilled in the art will readily identify the scope of the ingredient designated by the functional label by reference to other non-functional portions of the functional label and / or by reference to the context to which the functional label applies, optionally by reference to any subdefinitions or definitions of other ingredients (or ingredient classes). Thus, the term "sugar stabilizer" may simply mean a sugar, preferably a sugar further defined by a subdefinition.

[0048] A component (or constituent) may itself be composed of (or contain) multiple components (e.g., subcomponents). For example, a lipid component may contain two or more lipids unless otherwise specified (e.g., "the lipid component is [a single lipid]" or "the lipid component consists of [a particular lipid]"). As such, any general principles defined herein with respect to compositions (e.g., amounts; the concept of a composition consisting essentially of one or more components—which may equally apply to subcomponents / components containing subcomponents) may also be applicable to components that may themselves contain multiple subcomponents.

[0049] When a composition is said to comprise a plurality of specified components (optionally in a specified amount or concentration), the composition may optionally comprise additional components other than the specified components. However, a composition said to comprise a plurality of specified components may actually consist essentially of, or consist of, all of the specified components, optionally including (where not inconsistent with the applicable context) a solvent system (e.g., water), optionally in the specified amounts. In either situation, the individual components themselves may comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of a subcomponent or one or more subcomponents. Herein, whenever the term "comprising" is used (whether in the context of a composition or a component / ingredients thereof), it may be replaced by "consisting essentially of" or "consisting of," where not inconsistent with the applicable context.

[0050] As used herein, unless contradicted by context or otherwise specified, the term "defined" as used in the context of "defined [ingredient / component]" preferably refers to the ingredient that is listed as being present in any given composition (or component).

[0051] The amounts given herein for any given component class are applicable to any particular component within that component class unless otherwise specified.

[0052] As used herein, amounts specified for components and ingredients, whether specified in terms of "parts," ppm (parts per million), percentages (%, e.g., wt. %), or ratios, are intended to be by weight unless otherwise stated.

[0053] "About," when used to modify a numerically defined parameter (e.g., pH value), means that the parameter can vary, for example, within the experimental precision of determining the parameter or by as much as 5% below or above the numerical value specified for the parameter, preferably by as much as 2% below or above the numerical value specified for the parameter. In preferred embodiments, a parameter described by the term "about" corresponds to the numerical value specified.

[0054] As used herein, when a composition (or a component which may actually contain subcomponents) is said to "consist essentially of" a particular component, the composition preferably comprises at least 70% by weight of that component, preferably at least 90% by weight of that component, preferably at least 95% by weight of that component, and most preferably at least 99% by weight of that component. Preferably, a composition said to "consist essentially of" a particular component consists of that component except for one or more trace impurities.

[0055] When the amount or concentration of a particular component of a given composition is specified as a weight percentage (wt % or % w / w), the weight percentage refers to the percentage of the component by weight relative to the total weight of the composition as a whole. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the sum of the weight percentages of all components of a composition totals 100% by weight. However, if not all components are listed (e.g., if a composition is said to "comprise" one or more particular components), the weight percentage balance can optionally be made up to 100% by weight by unspecified components (e.g., diluents such as water, or other non-essential but suitable additives). Most preferably, the sum of the weight percentages of the specified components will not exceed 100% by weight, and any combination of weight percentages that would result in this will be excluded by definition.

[0056] As used herein, unless otherwise specified, the term "parts" (e.g., parts by weight, pbw), when used in reference to multiple components, refers to the relative ratio between said multiple components. Expressing molar or weight ratios of two, three, or more components has the same effect (e.g., the molar ratios of x, y, and z are x1:y1:z1, or in the range x1-x2:y1-y2:z1-z2, respectively). In many embodiments, the amount of individual components within a composition may be given as a "wt%" value, although in alternative embodiments, any or all such wt% values ​​may be converted to parts by weight (or relative ratios) to define a multi-component composition. This is so because the relative ratios between components are often more important than their absolute concentrations in the liquid pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention. Where compositions comprising multiple components are described solely in terms of parts by weight (i.e., indicating only the relative proportions of the components), it is not necessary to specify the absolute amounts or concentrations of the components (either collectively or individually), as the benefits of the invention may derive from the relative proportions of each component rather than the absolute amounts or concentrations of the respective components. However, certain embodiments provide that such compositions consist essentially of, or consist of, the specified components and a diluent (e.g., water).

[0057] The term "mole percent" (i.e., mol%) is well understood by those skilled in the art, and mol% of a particular component means the amount of the particular component (expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all components (including the particular component) and converted to a percentage (i.e., by multiplying by 100). The concept of mol% is directly related to mole fraction.

[0058] The term "substantially free," when used in reference to a given component of a composition (e.g., "a composition substantially free of compound X"), refers to a composition that has essentially no added component of that component. When a composition is "substantially free" of a given component, the composition preferably contains 1% by weight or less, preferably 0.1% by weight or less, preferably 0.01% by weight or less, preferably 0.001% by weight or less, preferably 0.0001% by weight or less of that component, preferably 0.00001% by weight or less, preferably 0.000001% by weight or less, preferably 0.0000001% by weight or less of that component, and most preferably 0.0001 parts by billion (by weight) or less.

[0059] The terms "free" or "completely free," when used in reference to a given component of a composition (e.g., "a composition that is completely free of compound X"), refer to a composition that does not contain said component.

[0060] Herein, unless a given context contradicts, whenever a component that can be ionized (e.g., protonated or deprotonated) is defined, the definition of said component preferably includes any suitable salt thereof, preferably a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. For example, this applies to any reference herein to a buffer (e.g., citric acid or citrate salt), an amino acid, etc. Similarly, unless a given context contradicts, whenever a component that can be neutralized is defined, the definition of said component preferably includes its neutralized form—e.g., citric acid instead of citrate salt.

[0061] Herein, in the context of this specification, a "strong acid" is preferably an acid with a pKa of -1.0 or less, and a "weak acid" is preferably an acid with a pKa of 2.0 or more. Herein, in the context of this specification, a "strong base" is preferably a base whose conjugate acid has a pKa of 12 or more (preferably 14 or more), and a "weak base" is preferably a base whose conjugate acid has a pKa of 10 or less.

[0062] Unless otherwise specified, references herein to "pKa" should preferably be interpreted as the pKa value of the conjugate acid of the relevant species in water at standard ambient temperature and pressure (SATP).

[0063] Preferably, unless otherwise specified, and preferably in the absence of further clarification, when a parameter (e.g., pH, pKa, etc.) or state of a material (e.g., liquid, gas, etc.) that may be dependent on pressure and / or temperature is referred to, such reference refers to said parameter at standard ambient temperature and pressure (SATP), which is a temperature of 298.15 K (25° C., 77° F.) and an absolute pressure of 100 kPa (14.504 psi, 0.987 atm).

[0064] The present invention relates, inter alia, to the treatment of conditions treatable by curcumin compounds. The term "treatment," and the therapies encompassed by the present invention, include (1) inhibiting, e.g., delaying, the onset and / or progression of an event, state, disorder, or condition, e.g., arresting, reducing, or delaying the development of an event, state, disorder, or condition, or, in the case of maintenance treatment or secondary prevention, its recurrence, or at least one clinical or subclinical symptom thereof; (2) preventing or reducing the progression of a condition that may be affected by or is susceptible to the condition, disorder, or condition, but that is not related to the state, disorder, or condition. and / or (3) alleviating and / or curing the event, state, disorder, or condition (e.g., causing regression of the event, state, disorder, or condition, or at least one of its clinical or subclinical symptoms, curing the patient, or placing the patient in remission), and combinations thereof. The benefit to the treated patient may be statistically significant or at least perceptible to the patient or physician. A pharmaceutical agent does not necessarily produce a clinical effect in each patient to whom it is administered; therefore, it will be understood that treatment may fail or be only partially successful in any individual patient or even in a particular patient population, and the meaning of the terms "treatment," "prevention," and "inhibitor," as well as cognate terms, should be understood accordingly. The compositions and methods described herein are for use in treating and / or preventing the referenced conditions.

[0065] The term "prevention" includes reference to treatment therapy for the purpose of maintaining health or inhibiting or delaying the onset and / or progression of an event, state, disorder, or condition, e.g., for the purpose of reducing the chance of an event, state, disorder, or condition occurring. The outcome of prevention can be, for example, maintaining health or delaying the onset and / or progression of an event, state, disorder, or condition. It will be recalled that treatment can fail in any individual patient or even in particular patient populations, and this paragraph should be understood accordingly.

[0066] The term "inhibit" includes reference to delaying, halting, reducing the occurrence of, reducing the risk of, and / or reducing the severity of an event, state, disorder, or condition. Thus, inhibiting an event, state, disorder, or condition can include delaying or halting their onset and / or progression, as well as reducing the risk of their occurrence. The products / compositions of the present disclosure can be used to inhibit the events, disorders, and / or conditions disclosed herein.

[0067] A "therapeutically effective amount" means the amount of a compound that, when administered to a mammal for treating a disease, is sufficient to effect such treatment for the disease. The "therapeutically effective amount" will vary depending on the compound, the disease and its severity, and the age, weight, etc., of the mammal being treated.

[0068] Routes of administration useful in the disclosed methods include, but are not limited to, topical, oral, parenteral, intravenous, intraperitoneal (ip), rectal, ocular, nasal, and transdermal.

[0069] As used herein, unless otherwise specified, all chemical nomenclature may be defined according to IUPAC definitions.

[0070] As used herein, the term "hydrocarbon" is well understood in the art and refers to a compound containing only carbon and hydrogen. The term "hydrocarbyl" generally refers to any aliphatic, acyclic, or cyclic (including aryl) hydrocarbon group, preferably without heteroatoms. Such compounds include, among others, alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, arenes, and cyclic versions thereof. The term "hydrocarbon" refers to anthracene, naphthalene, benzene, and / or its derivatives (e.g., toluene).

[0071] As used herein, the terms "carbocyclyl," "carbocycle," or "carbocyclic" refer to a group of non-aromatic cyclic hydrocarbon groups generally having 3 to 10 ring carbon atoms (i.e., (3-10C)carbocyclyl) and zero heteroatoms in the non-aromatic ring system. Suitably, carbocyclyl groups include (3-nC)cycloalkyl and (3-nC)cycloalkenyl. Exemplary embodiments include cyclobutyl, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclohexadienyl, cycloheptyl, cycloheptenyl, cycloheptadienyl, cycloheptatrienyl, cyclooctyl, cyclooctenyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl, and the like.

[0072] As used herein, the term "alkyl" includes both straight-chain and branched-chain alkyl groups. References to individual alkyl groups, such as "propyl," are specific for the straight-chain version only, and references to individual branched-chain alkyl groups, such as "isopropyl," are specific for the branched-chain version only. For example, "(1-6C)alkyl" includes (1-4C)alkyl, (1-3C)alkyl, propyl, isopropyl, and t-butyl. A similar convention applies to other groups, for example, "phenyl(1-6C)alkyl" includes phenyl(1-4C)alkyl, benzyl, 1-phenylethyl, and 2-phenylethyl.

[0073] The term "(m-nC)" or "(m-nC) group" used alone or as a prefix, refers to any group having m to n carbon atoms.

[0074] An "alkylene," "alkenylene," or "alkynylene" group is an alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl group that is positioned between and serves to connect two other chemical groups. Thus, "(1-6C)alkylene" means a linear saturated divalent hydrocarbon radical of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a branched saturated divalent hydrocarbon radical of 3 to 6 carbon atoms, e.g., methylene, ethylene, propylene, 2-methylpropylene, pentylene, etc.

[0075] "(2-6C)alkenylene" means a linear divalent hydrocarbon group of 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a branched divalent hydrocarbon group of 3 to 6 carbon atoms containing at least one double bond, such as, for example, ethenylene, 2,4-pentadienylene, etc.

[0076] "(2-6C)alkynylene" means a linear divalent hydrocarbon radical of 2 to 6 carbon atoms or a branched divalent hydrocarbon radical of 3 to 6 carbon atoms containing at least one triple bond, such as, for example, ethynylene, propynylene, and butynylene.

[0077] "(3-8C)cycloalkyl" means a hydrocarbon ring containing 3 to 8 carbon atoms, for example, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, or bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl.

[0078] "(3-8C)cycloalkenyl" means a hydrocarbon ring containing at least one double bond, for example, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, or cycloheptenyl, such as 3-cyclohexen-1-yl, or cyclooctenyl.

[0079] "(3-8C)cycloalkyl-(1-6C)alkylene" means a (3-8C)cycloalkyl group covalently linked to a (1-6C)alkylene group, both as defined herein.

[0080] The term "halo" refers to fluoro, chloro, bromo, and iodo.

[0081] The terms "heterocyclyl," "heterocyclic," or "heterocycle" refer to a non-aromatic saturated or partially saturated monocyclic, fused, bridged, or spiro bicyclic heterocyclic ring system. The term heterocyclyl includes both monovalent and divalent species. Monocyclic heterocyclic rings contain about 3 to 12 (preferably 3 to 7) ring atoms and 1 to 5 (preferably 1, 2, or 3) heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur in the ring. Bicyclic heterocyclic rings contain 7 to 17 member atoms, preferably 7 to 12 member atoms, in the ring. Bicyclic heterocyclic rings contain about 7 to about 17 ring atoms, preferably 7 to 12 ring atoms. Bicyclic heterocyclic rings can be fused, spiro, or bridged ring systems. Examples of heterocyclic groups include cyclic ethers such as oxiranyl, oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, and dioxanyl, as well as substituted cyclic ethers. Nitrogen-containing heterocycles include, for example, azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, tetrahydrotriazinyl, and tetrahydropyrazolyl. Typical sulfur-containing heterocycles include tetrahydrothienyl, dihydro-1,3-dithiol, tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran, and hexahydrothiepin. Other heterocycles include dihydrooxathiolyl, tetrahydrooxazolyl, tetrahydrooxadiazolyl, tetrahydrodioxazolyl, tetrahydrooxathiazolyl, hexahydrotriazinyl, tetrahydrooxazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, tetrahydropyrimidinyl, dioxolinyl, octahydrobenzofuranyl, octahydrobenzimidazolyl, and octahydrobenzothiazolyl. For heterocycles containing sulfur, oxidized sulfur heterocycles containing SO or SO groups are also included. Examples include the sulfoxide and sulfone forms of tetrahydrothienyl and thiomorpholinyl, such as tetrahydrothienyl 1,1-dioxide and thiomorpholinyl 1,1-dioxide.Suitable values ​​for a heterocyclyl group having one or two oxo (=O) or thioxo (=S) substituents are, for example, 2-oxopyrrolidinyl, 2-thioxopyrrolidinyl, 2-oxoimidazolidinyl, 2-thioxoimidazolidinyl, 2-oxopiperidinyl, 2,5-dioxopyrrolidinyl, 2,5-dioxoimidazolidinyl, or 2,6-dioxopiperidinyl. Particular heterocyclyl groups are saturated monocyclic 3- to 7-membered heterocyclyls containing one, two, or three heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, such as azetidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydrothienyl 1,1-dioxide, thiomorpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl 1,1-dioxide, piperidinyl, homopiperidinyl, piperazinyl, or homopiperazinyl. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, any heterocycle may be linked to another group through any suitable atom, such as through a carbon or nitrogen atom. However, references herein to piperidino or morpholino refer to piperidin-1-yl or morpholin-4-yl rings linked through the ring nitrogen.

[0082] "Heterocyclyl(1-6C)alkyl" means a heterocyclyl group covalently linked to a (1-6C)alkylene group, both as defined herein.

[0083] The term "heteroaryl" or "heteroaromatic" refers to an aromatic monocyclic, bicyclic, or polycyclic ring incorporating one or more (e.g., 1 to 4, particularly 1, 2, or 3) heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. The term heteroaryl includes both monovalent and divalent species. Examples of heteroaryl groups are monocyclic and bicyclic groups containing 5 to 12 ring members, more usually 5 to 10 ring members. Heteroaryl groups can be, for example, 5- or 6-membered monocyclic rings or 9- or 10-membered bicyclic rings, such as fused 5- and 6-membered rings or bicyclic structures formed from two fused 6-membered rings. Each ring can contain up to about four heteroatoms, typically selected from nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen. Typically, heteroaryl rings contain up to three heteroatoms, more usually up to two, e.g., a single heteroatom. In one embodiment, a heteroaryl ring contains at least one ring nitrogen atom. The nitrogen atoms in the heteroaryl ring can be basic, as in the case of an imidazole or pyridine, or essentially non-basic, as in the case of an indole or pyrrole nitrogen. Generally, the number of basic nitrogen atoms present in the heteroaryl group, including any amino group substituents on the ring, will be fewer than five.

[0084] Examples of heteroaryl include furyl, pyrrolyl, thienyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, 1,3,5-triazenyl, benzofuranyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, benzothienyl, benzoxazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, benzofurazanyl, and quinolinyl. Examples include quinolyl, isoquinolyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, cinnolinyl, pteridinyl, naphthyridinyl, carbazolyl, phenazinyl, benzoisoquinolinyl, pyridopyrazinyl, thieno[2,3-b]furanyl, 2H-furo[3,2-b]-pyranyl, 5H-pyrido[2,3-d]-o-oxazinyl, 1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]-oxazolyl, 4H-imidazo[4,5-d]thiazolyl, pyrazino[2,3-d]pyridazinyl, imidazo[2,1-b]thiazolyl, and imidazo[1,2-b][1,2,4]triazinyl. "Heteroaryl" also covers partially aromatic bicyclic or polycyclic ring systems in which at least one ring is aromatic and one or more other rings are non-aromatic saturated or partially saturated rings, provided that at least one ring contains one or more heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. Examples of partially aromatic heteroaryl groups include, for example, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, 2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolinyl, dihydrobenzothienyl, dihydrobenzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydro-benzo[1,4]dioxinyl, benzo[1,3]dioxolyl, 2,2-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2-benzothienyl, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzofuranyl, indolinyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,8-naphthyridinyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrido[2,3-b]pyrazinyl, and 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrido[3,2-b][1,4]oxazinyl.

[0085] Examples of 5-membered heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, pyrrolyl, furanyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, furazanyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, oxatriazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, and tetrazolyl groups.

[0086] Examples of 6-membered heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, and triazinyl.

[0087] Bicyclic heteroaryl groups include, for example: a) a benzene ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing 1, 2, or 3 ring heteroatoms; b) a pyridine ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing 1, 2, or 3 ring heteroatoms; c) a pyrimidine ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing one or two ring heteroatoms; d) a pyrrole ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing 1, 2, or 3 ring heteroatoms; e) a pyrazole ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing one or two ring heteroatoms; f) a pyrazine ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing one or two ring heteroatoms; g) an imidazole ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing one or two ring heteroatoms; h) an oxazole ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing one or two ring heteroatoms; i) an isoxazole ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing one or two ring heteroatoms; j) a thiazole ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing 1 or 2 ring heteroatoms; k) an isothiazole ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing one or two ring heteroatoms; l) a thiophene ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing 1, 2, or 3 ring heteroatoms; m) a furan ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered ring containing 1, 2, or 3 ring heteroatoms; n) a cyclohexyl ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring containing 1, 2, or 3 ring heteroatoms; and o) a cyclopentyl ring fused to a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring containing 1, 2, or 3 ring heteroatoms It may be a group selected from:

[0088] Particular examples of bicyclic heteroaryl groups containing a 6-membered ring fused to a 5-membered ring include, but are not limited to, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzisothiazolyl, isobenzofuranyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, indolizinyl, indolinyl, isoindolinyl, purinyl (e.g., adeninyl, guaninyl), indazolyl, benzodioxolyl, and pyrazolopyridinyl groups.

[0089] Particular examples of bicyclic heteroaryl groups containing two fused 6-membered rings include, but are not limited to, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, chromanyl, thiochromanyl, chromenyl, isochromenyl, chromanyl, isochromanyl, benzodioxanyl, quinolidinyl, benzoxazinyl, benzodiazinyl, pyridopyridinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalidyl, naphthyridinyl, and pteridinyl groups.

[0090] "Heteroaryl(1-6C)alkyl" means a heteroaryl group covalently linked to a (1-6C)alkylene group, both as defined herein. Examples of heteroaralkyl groups include pyridin-3-ylmethyl, 3-(benzofuran-2-yl)propyl, and the like.

[0091] The term "aryl" refers to a cyclic or polycyclic aromatic ring having 5 to 12 carbon atoms. The term aryl includes both monovalent and divalent species. Examples of aryl groups include, but are not limited to, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, and the like. In certain embodiments, aryl is phenyl.

[0092] The term "aryl(1-6C)alkyl" means an aryl group covalently linked to a (1-6C)alkylene group, both as defined herein. Examples of aryl-(1-6C)alkyl groups include benzyl, phenylethyl, and the like.

[0093] This specification also uses some compound terms to describe groups containing two or more functionalities. Such terms will be understood by those skilled in the art. For example, heterocyclyl(m-nC)alkyl includes (m-nC)alkyl substituted by heterocyclyl.

[0094] Wherever groups having large carbon chains are disclosed (e.g., (1-12C) alkyl, (1-8C) alkenyl, etc.), such groups may optionally be shortened, for example, to contain between 1 and 5 carbons (e.g., (1-5C) alkyl or (1-5C) alkenyl), or between 1 and 3 carbons (e.g., (1-3C) alkyl or (1-3C) alkenyl instead of (1-12C) alkyl or (1-8C) alkenyl).

[0095] The term "optionally substituted" refers to both groups, structures, or molecules that are substituted and to groups, structures, or molecules that are not substituted.

[0096] Where optional substituents are selected from "one or more" groups, this definition should be understood to include all substituents being selected from one of the specified groups, or the substituents being selected from two or more of the specified groups.

[0097] Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of the present invention are, for example, acid addition salts of compounds of the present invention that are sufficiently basic, for example, acid addition salts with inorganic or organic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, trifluoroacetic acid, formic acid, citric acid, or maleic acid. Furthermore, suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of the present invention that are sufficiently acidic are alkali metal salts, for example, sodium or potassium salts, alkaline earth metal salts, for example, calcium or magnesium salts, ammonium salts, or salts with organic bases that provide physiologically acceptable cations, for example, salts with methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, piperidine, morpholine, or tris-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine.

[0098] Compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the nature or sequence of bonding of their atoms or in the arrangement of their atoms in space are called "isomers." Isomers that differ in the arrangement of their atoms in space are called "stereoisomers." Stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other are called "diastereomers," and stereoisomers that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other are called "enantiomers." When a compound has an asymmetric center, e.g., it is bonded to four different groups, a pair of enantiomers is possible. Enantiomers can be characterized by the absolute configuration of their asymmetric center and are described by Cahn and Prelog's R- and S-sequencing rules or by the way the molecule rotates the plane of polarized light, designated as dextrorotatory or levorotatory (i.e., (+)- or (-)-isomers, respectively). Chiral compounds can exist as individual enantiomers or as mixtures thereof. A mixture containing equal proportions of enantiomers is called a "racemic mixture."

[0099] The compounds of the present invention may have one or more asymmetric centers; therefore, such compounds can be produced as individual (R)- or (S)-stereoisomers or as mixtures thereof. Unless otherwise indicated, the description or naming of a particular compound in the specification and claims is intended to include both individual enantiomers and mixtures thereof, racemic or otherwise. Methods for determining stereochemistry and separating stereoisomers are well known in the art (see the discussion in Chapter 4 of "Advanced Organic Chemistry," 4th edition, J. March, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 2001), for example, by synthesis from optically active starting materials or resolution of racemic forms. Some of the compounds of the present invention may have geometric isomeric centers (E- and Z-isomers). It should be understood that the present invention encompasses all optical isomers, diastereoisomers, and geometric isomers, and mixtures thereof, that have telomerase inhibitor activity.

[0100] The present invention also includes compounds of the invention as defined herein that contain one or more isotopic substitutions. For example, H is 1 H, 2 H(D), and 3 H can be any isotopic form, including T; C 12 C. 13 C, and 14 It can be any isotopic form including C; O 16 0 and 18 It can be any isotopic form including 0; and so on.

[0101] It is also to be understood that certain compounds of formula I may exhibit polymorphism, and that the invention encompasses all such forms.

[0102] A compound may exist in several different tautomeric forms, and a reference to a compound includes all such forms. For the avoidance of doubt, if a compound can exist in one of several tautomeric forms and only one is specifically described or shown, all others are nevertheless encompassed within the definition of the compound. Examples of tautomeric forms include keto-, enol-, and enolate forms, such as, for example, the tautomeric pairs keto / enol (shown below), imine / enamine, amide / iminoalcohol, amidine / amidine, nitroso / oxime, thioketone / enethiol, and nitro / acinitro.

[0103] [ka]

[0104] As used herein, the terms "particle size" or "pore size" refer to the length of the longest dimension of a given particle or pore, respectively. Particle size and pore size can be measured using methods well known in the art, including laser particle size analyzers and / or electron microscopes (e.g., transmission electron microscopes, TEM, or scanning electron microscopes, SEM).

[0105] The term "lipid" is well understood by those skilled in the art and generally refers to a hydrophobic or amphiphilic compound, and may include, inter alia, fats (including fatty acids, fatty acid esters, glycerides, fatty alcohols), waxes, sterols, fat-soluble vitamins (such as vitamins A, D, E, and K), monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides, and phospholipids. Taking into account the biosynthesis of lipids and their building blocks, such as ketoacyl or isoprene moieties, lipids can be classified as fatty acids, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, glycolipids, and polyketides (which can be derived through the condensation of ketoacyl subunits); and sterol lipids and prenol lipids (which can be derived through the condensation of isoprene subunits). The term lipid includes "glycerides" as defined herein in relation to the present invention. Therefore, reference herein to lipids other than glycerides (e.g., other than general or specific glycerides) refers to all of the above except glycerides in general or the specified specific glycerides. Preferably, the term lipid includes only compounds that contain a fatty acid moiety (including fatty acids, fatty acid esters, glycerides, fatty alcohols), and thus lipids, excluding glycerides (or designated glycerides), are compounds that contain a fatty acid moiety, excluding glycerides (or designated glycerides).

[0106] The term "oil" is well understood by those skilled in the art and generally refers to a hydrophobic and lipophilic viscous liquid (SATP) containing compounds, preferably primarily (50% or more, 60% or more, 70% or more, 80% or more, 90% or more, most preferably 95% or more) hydrophobic and lipophilic compounds, preferably a mixture of at least two or more such compounds, preferably at least three or more such compounds, preferably at least four or more such compounds. Preferably, all of the compounds present in any given oil are neutral (i.e., non-ionic and / or non-ionized). The or each oil preferably has a partition coefficient (octanol-water partition coefficient, LogP) of at least 3, preferably at least 4, preferably at least 4.5, preferably at least 5, preferably at least 6. Preferably, at least 70% by weight, preferably at least 80% by weight, preferably at least 90% by weight, preferably at least 95% by weight of the or each oil's total weight comprises compounds having a partition coefficient (octanol-water partition coefficient, LogP) of at least 3, preferably at least 4, preferably at least 4.5, preferably at least 5, preferably at least 6. "Oils" tend to have a high carbon content and a high hydrogen content and are typically flammable. "Oils" are preferably surface active. Oils preferably have a particular viscosity that can be measured by techniques well known in the art. Unless otherwise stated herein, all viscosity quantities given herein refer to viscosity (preferably in SATP, preferably in 0.1 s -1 ~100 seconds -1 The kinematic viscosity at SATP can be determined by obtaining the viscosity at a range of shear rates (or taking the viscosity as the average of these shear rate ranges) and converting it to kinematic viscosity according to the following formula: ν=μ / ρ(1) (where ν is the kinematic viscosity, μ is the viscosity, and ρ is the density of the total fluid.) Kinematic viscosity is expressed in centistokes (cSt), but the SI unit of kinematic viscosity is m 2 / s. Water at 20°C has a temperature of approximately 10 -6 m 2 ·s -1or 1 cSt. Preferably, the oil component has a kinematic viscosity of between 10 and 500 cSt, preferably between 20 and 250 cSt, preferably between 30 and 150 cSt, preferably between 40 and 100 cSt, preferably between 50 and 80 cSt, SATP. The oil preferably comprises lipids (preferably at least 90% by weight lipids, preferably at least 95% by weight lipids, preferably at least 99% by weight lipids). Preferably, any amount of oil may also be present in the oil in addition to any amount of a specified component (e.g., a specific glyceride). Organic oils are generally derived from animal sources, plant sources, and other organisms—e.g., animal oils, vegetable oils, and essential oils (generally derived from plants). Such organic oils are typically produced through natural metabolic processes within such organisms. When organic oil is used in the context of the present invention, preferably, such organic oils exclude essential oils derived from plants. Organic oils generally comprise a mixture of lipids, which may optionally further comprise one or more substances selected from the group consisting of proteins, waxes, and alkaloids. The mixture of lipids may comprise compounds from one or more classes of compounds selected from the group consisting of fatty acids, glycerolipids, sterol lipids, steroids, phospholipids, sphingolipids, glycerophospholipids, prenol lipids, glycolipids, polyketides, and optionally esters of any of the foregoing.

[0107] Reference to the fatty acid of a glyceride refers to the fatty acyl portion (i.e., the fatty acid condensed to the hydroxyl of glycerol).

[0108] The chemical structure of curcumin is: [ka] or its enol form: [ka] is.

[0109] Generally, reference herein to either the β-diketone or enol tautomeric form of curcumin (or indeed, curcumin compounds more generally) also refers to the other tautomeric form, whether by word or chemical structure. Generally, tautomeric forms are in equilibrium and may occur in different proportions depending on the prevailing conditions—for example, different solvents may affect the equilibrium concentration of each tautomer.

[0110] General Points and Advantages of the Invention The present invention provides lipid-based compositions of curcumin compounds that can be used in a variety of applications. Some of the compositions are products that can have direct application themselves, such as topical compositions such as creams, ointments, etc. Some of the compositions can be used to produce products such as dispersions for oral administration, wound healing products (e.g., bandages, gauzes, etc. incorporating the composition), or similar topical compositions.

[0111] The compositions of the present invention represent a technical advance over the prior art and are particularly superior formulation solutions for curcumin compounds in particular. It was considered surprising that the lipid-based compositions of the present invention work so well in the context of curcumin compounds in particular.

[0112] The compositions of the present invention generally allow for high loading of curcumin compounds due to the high levels of solubilization and encapsulation that can be achieved. It was considered surprising that such high loadings of curcumin compounds could be achieved in dry, hydrated, and aqueous formulations. It is particularly surprising that such high loadings can be achieved without compromising the bioavailability or stability of curcumin. The surprisingly high levels of solubilization and / or encapsulation provided by the lipid-based systems described herein are believed to promote both bioavailability and stability (for both low and high loadings). The lipid-based systems protect the curcumin compounds during storage and administration (e.g., topical or oral / gastrointestinal) and provide an excellent vehicle for their delivery and ultimate release in biological settings.

[0113] Effective solubilization and / or encapsulation of curcumin compounds within the lipid-based systems described herein is demonstrated by minimal (or absent) sedimentation (e.g., of curcumin compounds) observed following centrifugation of the compositions of the present invention. Such minimal sedimentation (or lack of sedimentation) also demonstrates the physical consistency of such compositions.

[0114] The benefits of the present invention can be enjoyed in a variety of use cases, particularly in medical applications (e.g., as a vehicle for topical or oral delivery of curcumin compounds, or in wound healing). The compositions of the present invention can also be further processed (e.g., by mixing with other ingredients / components) into downstream products (e.g., oral dispersions), which can further benefit from the long shelf life afforded by the substantially solid form of the compositions of the present invention.

[0115] The lipid-based compositions of the present invention are generally stable (especially physically stable) over extended periods of storage. They also allow the curcumin compound to remain chemically stable both during storage and use (including on the skin or in the body). Furthermore, the lipid-based systems described herein appear to be surprisingly complementary to curcumin compounds (evidently exhibiting a high degree of structural and energetic complementarity with respect to molecular configuration) due to the excellent degree of solubilization and / or encapsulation they confer on curcumin compounds. The unsaturated "cis" conformation is responsible for the kinking of the lipid molecules, causing their asymmetric bending. Surprisingly, this creates a distinct configuration that complements the spatial orientation of curcumin, thus promoting its localization in this region. Such solubilization and / or encapsulation appear to be thermodynamic and kinetic phenomena, respectively. Solubilization preferably occurs in a thermodynamically stable liquid crystal system, and encapsulation involves the systematic contribution of hydrophobic forces, van der Waals interactions, and hydrogen bonding, along with the viscoelastic properties of the host lipid system.

[0116] The lipid-based compositions of the present invention surprisingly perform well even in the absence of high levels of surfactants, even in aqueous dispersions of the compositions.

[0117] The lipid components used in many of the formulations of the present invention are common digestion products of ingested dietary fats (typically triglycerides). Thus, the lipid components herein are familiar to the body's internal environment, with established mechanisms for their breakdown and absorption into the bloodstream. This can promote a high degree of bioavailability of the curcumin compound.

[0118] composition According to the present invention, there is provided a composition, which may be as defined anywhere herein, including in paragraphs A1-A131, B1-B450, or a combination thereof (as, as explained below, the features of A1-A131 and B1-B450 may be combined by dependency or otherwise).

[0119] The composition suitably comprises a curcumin compound, which is most preferably curcumin itself, although the curcumin compound may also be curcumin (or a derivative, analogue, or metabolite thereof) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0120] The composition is preferably a lipid-based composition comprising a curcumin compound and one or more lipids.

[0121] The composition suitably comprises one or more glycerides, and suitably at least one (preferably each) of the glycerides comprises at least one unsaturated moiety (preferably at least one alkene moiety, most preferably at least one cis-alkene moiety). Suitably, the one or more glycerides are one or more mono- and / or di-glycerides, but most preferably one or more mono-glycerides.

[0122] The compositions of the present invention may be a foodstuff or a food additive, but preferably the compositions of the present invention are not a foodstuff or a food additive. Preferably, the compositions are not a dietary supplement, a food additive, or a foodstuff.

[0123] The lipid (glyceride)-based system of the present invention is particularly advantageous for formulating curcumin compounds for various applications. Such advantages are believed to result from the surprising degree of complementarity between the respective chemical structures and physical properties, which synergistically provide a molecular configuration that maximizes the solubilization and / or encapsulation of curcumin compounds within the lipid (glyceride)-based system. It is believed that the crystalline and / or fluid lamellar structure, combined with the special ability of curcumin compounds to crosslink and / or be encapsulated within the individual lamellar sheets, may contribute to such advantages. It is believed that the presence of unsaturated moieties, particularly cis-alkene moieties, within the relevant glycerides is an important contributing factor in the specific case of curcumin compounds.

[0124] The chemical structure and molecular configuration of curcumin compounds and that adopted by lipid (glyceride)-based systems in the presence of such curcumin compounds.

[0125] Composition type In some embodiments, the composition is a topical composition (e.g., for application to a body surface, such as the skin, eyes, body cavities, and / or hair). Such a topical composition may be a composition defined in any of paragraphs A1-A131, B1-B450, or elsewhere herein.

[0126] In some embodiments, the topical composition may be a cream, gel formulation, foam, ointment, spray, perfume (e.g., perfume, aftershave, cologne, or eau de toilette), salve, and / or film, most preferably a cream or ointment, that is intended to be applied to the skin or a body cavity and not to be taken orally. In certain embodiments, the topical composition is a cream, ointment, foam, or perfume (e.g., perfume, aftershave, cologne, or eau de toilette). In certain embodiments, the topical composition is a cream. In other embodiments, the topical composition is an ointment. The present invention is particularly advantageous for topical compositions for skin, allowing high concentrations of curcumin compounds to be made bioavailable for local therapeutic effect or for more systemic therapeutic effect (e.g., following absorption through the skin). The present invention also allows such topical compositions to exhibit a good "feel" on the skin.

[0127] In alternative embodiments, the composition may be an oral topical composition, such as a mouthwash, rinse, mouth spray, suspension, and / or dental gel, preferably intended to be taken orally but not ingested.

[0128] In alternative embodiments, the composition is an ingestible composition (e.g., an orally administrable composition). Such an ingestible composition may be selected from a lozenge, gel, jelly, pastille, tablet, capsule (e.g., a capsule containing the composition), taffy, nougat, chewing candy, and / or chewing gum. In certain embodiments, the ingestible composition is (or is otherwise incorporated into) a pastille, gel, or jelly. In another embodiment, the ingestible composition comprises a gel component, gelling component, or gellable component. The gel component, gelling component, or gellable component is preferably of animal or plant origin, most preferably of plant origin. Indeed, most preferably, the composition or a product incorporating said composition does not comprise any animal-derived component / ingredients. The gel component, gelling component, or gellable component may comprise or consist of a polysaccharide or derivative thereof (e.g., κ-carrageenan). The gel, gelling, or gellable component may comprise or consist of gelatin, agar, and / or agarose. The ingestible composition may be a liquid, preferably a suspension, dispersion, emulsion, or solution, most preferably a dispersion or emulsion (or may be otherwise incorporated therein, e.g., by mixing the composition with a solvent such as water). The ingestible composition may be a drink / beverage. The drink / beverage may be an alcoholic or non-alcoholic drink / beverage.

[0129] In certain embodiments, the composition is (or is otherwise incorporated into) a pharmaceutical composition. Such pharmaceutical compositions are suitably for use as (or may be used in the manufacture of) a medicament. Such pharmaceutical compositions may be (or may be incorporated into) an Ayurvedic medicine. In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical composition is for (or is for use in) treating Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, prion disease, spinal muscular atrophy, neurodegenerative disorders including conditions caused by amyloid or amyloid plaques, inflammation, microbial infections (e.g., the composition as an antimicrobial composition), viral infections, fungal infections, depression, cancer (particularly breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, colon cancer, multiple myeloma, myeloid leukemia, and colorectal cancer), anaphylaxis, arthritis, osteoarthritis, acne, and / or eczema.

[0130] The composition may suitably be (or may otherwise be incorporated into) a nutritional supplement composition.

[0131] The composition may suitably be (or may otherwise be incorporated into) a dietary supplement.

[0132] The composition may suitably be (or may otherwise be incorporated into) a food additive.

[0133] The composition may suitably be (or may otherwise be incorporated into) a foodstuff.

[0134] The composition may be a dietary supplement, a food additive, or a foodstuff, but preferably the composition is not a dietary supplement, a food additive, or a foodstuff.

[0135] The composition may be in the form of (or otherwise incorporated into) an emulsion, lotion, milk, liquid, solid, cream, gel, mousse, ointment, paste, serum, stick, spray, tonic, aerosol, foam, and / or pencil. The composition may be an oil-in-water dispersion. The composition may be a water-in-oil dispersion.

[0136] In some embodiments, the composition is (or is otherwise incorporated into) a personal care composition. The personal care composition may be selected from the group consisting of skin care compositions, skin creams, shaving compositions (e.g., shaving creams, gels, foams), moisturizers, lotions, body washes, body oils, and hair care compositions (e.g., shampoos and / or hair conditioners). The personal care composition may be a "leave-on" composition (e.g., moisturizing lotions, serums, creams) or a "rinse-off" composition (e.g., body washes, shampoos, hair conditioners, shower gels, skin cleansers, cleansing milks, shaving compositions). The personal care composition may be in the form of (or otherwise incorporated into) a device (e.g., a powder or non-powder cosmetic applicator), a reusable or disposable wipe, tissue, towel, diaper, razor or other shaving device, a personal cleansing device (e.g., a mesh shower sponge), a conventional sponge, a washcloth, a cotton swab, and / or a pen.

[0137] In some embodiments, the composition is a cosmetic composition (or may be a cosmetic product - e.g., a cosmetic product comprising the composition, or may be incorporated into a cosmetic product). The cosmetic composition may be for controlling and / or reducing the formation of wrinkles and lines on the skin. The cosmetic composition may be for providing a radiant complexion.

[0138] In some embodiments, the composition is a wound care composition (or wound care product—e.g., a wound care product comprising the composition, or incorporated into a wound care product). The wound care (or wound healing) composition may be a wound care hydrogel composition and thus suitably comprises a hydrogel or hydrogel-forming component or compound—which may be a polysaccharide-based hydrogel or hydrogel-forming component or compound. The wound care composition may be incorporated into a wound care product—e.g., a wound care product comprising the composition. Such wound care products may be selected from the group consisting of wound dressings, sutures, staples, gauze, bandages, casts, burn dressings, artificial skin, liposomal or micelle formulations, microcapsules, and aqueous vehicles for soaking gauze dressings. In some embodiments, the wound care composition (or product) may be for (or for use in) healing wounds, such as for healing cuts and abrasions, burns, ulcers, pressure sores, lacerations, hemorrhoids, and / or post-surgical wounds. The same properties that make the compositions of the present invention excellent for topical use also apply to wound care compositions and products derived therefrom.

[0139] The composition can be (or can otherwise be incorporated into) a textile - for example, a textile (eg, clothing) comprising the composition.

[0140] Curcumin compound (the main active ingredient) The composition preferably comprises a curcumin compound, which is preferably curcumin (or a derivative or analogue thereof) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0141] Note: It will be understood that a composition may contain one or more curcumin compounds as defined herein (i.e., extraneous curcumin compounds unrelated to "curcumin compound" may fall within any definition set forth herein), but preferably at least one of the one or more curcumin compounds is curcumin. Generally, unqualified reference to "curcumin" includes curcumin or any pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Reference herein to "a curcumin compound" or "the curcumin compound" preferably refers to a single (primary, or "main") curcumin compound (most preferably curcumin itself), although it will be understood by those skilled in the art that other curcumin compounds may also be present. If one or more curcumin compounds are present in a composition, preferably curcumin is the main curcumin compound of the one or more curcumin compounds (i.e., the concentration of curcumin, preferably as a weight percent or as a ratio to any other component, is higher than any other curcumin compound). Preferably, curcumin (or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof) constitutes between 30% and 99.999% by weight of all curcumin compounds present in the composition. Preferably, curcumin (or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof) constitutes between 30% and 90% by weight of all curcumin compounds present in the composition. When one or more curcumin compounds are present in the composition, preferably, curcumin constitutes 40% or more by weight of all curcumin compounds present, more preferably 50% or more by weight, and most preferably 60% or more by weight of all curcumin compounds present. When one or more curcumin compounds are present in the composition, curcumin may constitute 70% or more by weight of all curcumin compounds present. Curcumin may constitute 80% or more by weight of all curcumin compounds present.

[0142] A composition comprising one or more curcumin compounds may be defined as containing a primary curcumin compound (preferably, curcumin itself or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof) and other curcumin compounds. Suitably, the primary curcumin compound may be present in the composition in an amount or ratio defined herein for "a curcumin compound" or "the curcumin compound" (preferably, curcumin itself).

[0143] In one embodiment, the curcumin compound has Formula I: [ka] (In the formula, Each R 1a , R 1b , R 2a , and R 2b The group is any R OX and / or R 1a / R 2a and / or R 1b / R 2b either or both pairs join to form an optionally substituted heterocyclic or heteroaryl ring; Each R 3a , R 3b , R 4a , R 4b , R 5a , R 5b , R 6a , R 6b , R 7a , and R 7b The group is any R CAR and / or R 3a / R 4a and / or R 3b / R 4b either or both pairs join to form an optionally substituted cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclic, or heteroaryl ring; Each R OXThe group may be selected from hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, formyl, carboxy, carbamoyl, (1-8C) alkyl, (2-8C) alkenyl, (2-8C) alkynyl, (1-8C) hydroxyalkyl, (1-6C) alkylsulfinyl, (1-6C) alkylsulfonyl, (1-6C) alkoxycarbonyl, N-(1-6C) alkylcarbamoyl, N,N-di-[(1-6C) alkyl]carbamoyl, (2-6C) alkanoyl, N,N-di-[(1-6C) alkyl]sulfamoyl, or a group of the formula: _ L 1a_ X 1a (In the formula, L 1a is absent, or SO, SO2, CO, CH(OR A ), CON(R A ), N(R A )CO, SO2N(R A )(wherein, R A is hydrogen or (1-8C) alkyl; X 1a is aryl, aryl-(1-6C)alkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkyl-(1-6C)alkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkenyl, (3-8C)cycloalkenyl-(1-6C)alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-(1-6C)alkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclyl-(1-6C)alkyl). is selected from the group Any R OX The group may be one or more R CAR optionally further substituted with a group; Each R CARThe group may be hydrogen, halogeno, trifluoromethyl, cyano, isocyano, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, amino, formyl, carboxy, carbamoyl, ureido, (1-8C) alkyl, (2-8C) alkenyl, (2-8C) alkynyl, (1-8C) hydroxyalkyl, (1-6C) alkoxy, (1-6C) alkylamino, (1-6C) dialkylamino, (2-6C) alkenyloxy, (2-6C)alkynyloxy, (1-6C)alkylthio, (1-6C)alkylsulfinyl, (1-6C)alkylsulfonyl, (1-6C)alkylamino, di-[(1-6C)alkyl]amino, (1-6C)alkoxycarbonyl, N-(1-6C)alkylcarbamoyl, N,N-di-[(1-6C)alkyl]carbamoyl, (2-6C)alkanoyl, (2-6C)alkanoyl peroxy, (2-6C)alkanoylamino, N-(1-6C)alkyl-(2-6C)alkanoylamino, (3-6C)alkenoylamino, N-(1-6C)alkyl-(3-6C)alkenoylamino, (3-6C)alkynoylamino, N-(1-6C)alkyl-(3-6C)alkynoylamino, N'-(1-6C)alkylureido, N',N'-di-[(1-6C)alkyl]ureido ureido, N-(1-6C)alkylureido, N,N'-di-[(1-6C)alkyl]ureido, N,N',N'-tri-[(1-6C)alkyl]ureido, N-(1-6C)alkylsulfamoyl, N,N-di-[(1-6C)alkyl]sulfamoyl, (1-6C)alkanesulfonylamino, and N-(1-6C)alkyl-(1-6C)alkanesulfonylamino, or a group of the formula: _ L 2a_ X 2a (In the formula, L 2a is absent, or O, S, SO, SO2, N(R B ), CO, C(O)O, CH(OR B ), CON(R B ), N(R B )CO,N(R B )CON(R B ), SO2N(R B ), N(R B)SO2, OC(R B )2, SC(R B )2, and N(R B )C(R B )2(wherein, R B is hydrogen or (1-8C) alkyl; X 2a is aryl, aryl-(1-6C)alkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkyl-(1-6C)alkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkenyl, (3-8C)cycloalkenyl-(1-6C)alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-(1-6C)alkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclyl-(1-6C)alkyl). is selected from the group Any R CAR The group may be one or more R CAR optionally further substituted with a group; Optionally, OR 1a and / or OR 1b wherein either or both of the following are replaced by hydrogen (e.g., dealkoxy analogs) or any pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0144] Preferably, each R OX groups are selected from hydrogen, (1-8C) alkyl, (2-6C) alkanoyl, and any R OX The group may be one or more R CAR is optionally further substituted with a group.

[0145] Preferably, each R OX The group is selected from hydrogen and (1-3C) alkyl.

[0146] Preferably, each R OX The radicals are selected from hydrogen and methyl.

[0147] Preferably, R 1a and R 1b are the same as each other, and R 2a and R 2bare the same as each other, but preferably R 1a / R 1b R 2a / 2b is different.

[0148] Preferably, R 1a and R 1b Both of the R 2a and R 2b are both hydrogen.

[0149] In one embodiment, OR 1a and / or OR 1b wherein either or both of the following are replaced by hydrogen (e.g., dealkoxy analogs).

[0150] Preferably, each R CAR The group may be selected from hydrogen, halogeno, trifluoromethyl, cyano, isocyano, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, amino, formyl, carboxy, carbamoyl, ureido, (1-8C) alkyl, (1-8C) hydroxyalkyl, (1-6C) alkoxy, (1-6C) alkylamino, (1-6C) dialkylamino, (2-6C) alkanoyl, or a group of the formula: _ L 2a_ X 2a (In the formula, L 2a is absent, or O, S, SO, SO2, N(R B ), CO, C(O)O, CH(OR B ), CON(R B ), N(R B )CO,N(R B )CON(R B ), SO2N(R B ), N(R B )SO2, OC(R B )2, SC(R B )2, and N(R B )C(R B )2(wherein, R B is hydrogen or (1-8C) alkyl; X 2ais aryl, aryl-(1-6C)alkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkyl-(1-6C)alkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkenyl, (3-8C)cycloalkenyl-(1-6C)alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-(1-6C)alkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclyl-(1-6C)alkyl). is selected from the group Any R CAR The group may be one or more R CAR is optionally further substituted with a group.

[0151] Preferably, each R CAR The group is selected from hydrogen, halogeno, trifluoromethyl, cyano, hydroxy, amino, carboxy, (1-8C) alkyl, (1-8C) hydroxyalkyl, (1-6C) alkoxy, (2-6C) alkanoyl.

[0152] Preferably, each R CAR The groups are selected from hydrogen, fluoro, or methyl.

[0153] Preferably, each R CAR The group is hydrogen.

[0154] Preferably, R 3a and R 3b are the same as each other, and R 4a and R 4b are the same as each other, and R 5a and R 5b are the same as each other, and R 6a and R 6b are the same as each other, and R7 a and R 7b Both are the same as each other.

[0155] Preferably, each R 3a , R 3b , R 4a , R 4b , R 5a , R 5b , R 6a , R 6b , R7a , and R 7b The group is hydrogen.

[0156] In one embodiment, the curcumin compound has Formula II: [ka] (In the formula, R 1a , R 1b , R 2a , R 2b , R 3a , R 3b , R 4a , R 4b , R 5a , and R 5b is as defined elsewhere herein; Optionally, OR 1a and / or OR 1b wherein either or both of the following are replaced by hydrogen (e.g., dealkoxy analogs) or any pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0157] In one embodiment, the curcumin compound has Formula III: [ka] (In the formula, R 1a , R 1b , R 2a , and R 2b is as defined elsewhere herein; Optionally, OR 1a and / or OR 1b wherein either or both of the following are replaced by hydrogen (e.g., dealkoxy analogs) or any pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0158] In one embodiment, the curcumin compound has Formula III: [ka] (In the formula, R 1a and R1b is as defined elsewhere herein; Optionally, OR 1a and / or OR 1b wherein either or both of the following are replaced by hydrogen (e.g., dealkoxy analogs) or any pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0159] In one embodiment, the curcumin compound has Formula IV: [ka] wherein optionally, either or both OMe groups are replaced by hydrogen (e.g., dimethoxy or bisdemethoxy analogs). or any pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0160] In certain embodiments, the curcumin compound is curcumin or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[0161] In one embodiment, the curcumin compound is curcumin (preferably, unsalted curcumin).

[0162] In certain embodiments, the curcumin compound is a metabolite of curcumin, such as curcumin glucuronide.

[0163] In one embodiment, the curcumin compound is demethoxycurcumin or a salt thereof (preferably, unsalted demethoxycurcumin).

[0164] In one embodiment, the curcumin compound is bisdemethoxycurcumin or a salt thereof (preferably, unsalted bisdemethoxycurcumin).

[0165] Suitably, the curcumin compound is a substantially pure curcumin compound (eg, greater than 95% pure by weight, suitably greater than 98% pure by weight, preferably greater than 99% pure by weight).

[0166] Suitably, the composition is substantially free of turmeric or contains turmeric compounds (i.e. compounds in turmeric other than curcumin compounds) at a concentration of up to 5% by weight, suitably up to 2% by weight, preferably up to 1% by weight.

[0167] However, the curcumin compound (or "primary" curcumin compound) may be provided in the composition as a constituent part of a curcumin compound source that includes the (primary) curcumin compound in admixture with one or more other compounds (e.g., one or more other curcumin compounds, and possibly other ingredients / constituents). The curcumin compound source may be, for example, turmeric, turmeric extract, and / or a curcuminoid mixture. A composition formed using such a curcumin compound source may still provide the required amount of the primary curcumin compound (preferably curcumin itself), as defined elsewhere herein. Any additional compounds within the curcumin compound source may be considered other source compounds.

[0168] For example, the curcumin compound can be provided by turmeric or turmeric extract, resulting in a composition containing turmeric or turmeric extract, a proportion of which is a curcumin compound. In such embodiments, the composition generally contains one or more curcumin compounds (preferably including a "main" curcumin compound described herein along with other curcumin compounds, e.g., curcuminoids). A composition containing turmeric or turmeric extract can be defined as containing a ("main") curcumin compound (preferably curcumin itself or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof) along with other turmeric compounds (which may include one or more other curcumin compounds, turmerones, etc.). However, a composition formed using turmeric or turmeric extract can still provide the required amount of the main curcumin compound (preferably curcumin itself), as defined elsewhere herein. Any additional compounds in turmeric or turmeric extract can be considered other turmeric compounds.

[0169] Although the present invention has been shown to be particularly applicable when the curcumin compound is curcumin itself, the complementarity between the lipid-based systems of the present invention and curcumin can certainly be extrapolated to all molecules with a curcumin or curcumin-like core, especially those that exhibit very similar steric and electronic properties.

[0170] Preferably, the composition contains 0.001 to 50% by weight of the curcumin compound. Preferably, the composition contains 0.01 to 40% by weight of the curcumin compound. Preferably, the composition contains 0.1 to 30% by weight of the curcumin compound.

[0171] Preferably, the composition contains 0.01 to 10% by weight of the curcumin compound. Preferably, the composition contains 0.001 to 3% by weight of the curcumin compound. Preferably, the composition contains 0.01 to 1% by weight of the curcumin compound. Preferably, the composition contains 0.1 to 4% by weight of the curcumin compound. Preferably, the composition contains 0.1 to 5% by weight of the curcumin compound.

[0172] Preferably, the composition contains 0.001 to 2% by weight of the curcumin compound. Preferably, the composition contains 0.005 to 1% by weight of the curcumin compound. Preferably, the composition contains 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of the curcumin compound.

[0173] Preferably, the composition contains 15 to 40% by weight of the curcumin compound.

[0174] Preferably, the composition contains 0.1 to 1% by weight of the curcumin compound.

[0175] Preferably, the composition contains 0.5 to 1.5% by weight of the curcumin compound.

[0176] Preferably, the composition contains 1 to 10% by weight of the curcumin compound. Preferably, the composition contains 5 to 10% by weight of the curcumin compound.

[0177] Preferably, the composition contains 0.1 to 3% by weight of the curcumin compound. Preferably, the composition contains 0.5 to 1.5% by weight of the curcumin compound.

[0178] Preferably, the composition contains 0.5 to 5% by weight of the curcumin compound. Preferably, the composition contains 1 to 2% by weight of the curcumin compound.

[0179] Preferably, the composition contains 10 to 30% by weight of the curcumin compound. Preferably, the composition contains 17.5 to 22.5% by weight of the curcumin compound.

[0180] Preferably, the composition contains 0.005 to 0.5% by weight of the curcumin compound. Preferably, the composition contains 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of the curcumin compound.

[0181] Preferably, the composition contains 0.1 to 3% by weight of the curcumin compound. Preferably, the composition contains 0.5 to 1.7% by weight of the curcumin compound.

[0182] Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of between 0.5 and 800 mg / g (i.e., 0.05 to 80% by weight of the total weight of the composition). Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of between 10 and 500 mg / g.

[0183] Suitably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of 3.5 mg / g or more (ie 0.35% by weight or more of the total weight of the composition).

[0184] Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of 0.1 mg / g or greater. Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of 1 mg / g or greater. Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of 5 mg / g or greater. Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of 10 mg / g or greater. Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of 15 mg / g or greater. Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of 30 mg / g or greater. Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of 60 mg / g or greater. Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of 100 mg / g or greater. Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of 300 mg / g or greater.

[0185] Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of 600 mg / g or less. Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of 500 mg / g or less. Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of 200 mg / g or less. Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of 100 mg / g or less.

[0186] Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of between 2 and 8 mg / g. Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of between 3 and 7 mg / g. Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of between 4 and 6 mg / g.

[0187] Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of between 5 and 10 mg / g. Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of between 6.5 and 8.5 mg / g.

[0188] Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration between 5 and 30 mg / g. Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration between 10 and 20 mg / g.

[0189] Suitably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration between 10 and 500 mg / g.

[0190] Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration between 11 and 19 mg / g.

[0191] Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of between 10 and 40 mg / g. Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of between 15 and 35 mg / g. Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of between 20 and 30 mg / g.

[0192] Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration between 30 and 500 mg / g. Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration between 60 and 500 mg / g.

[0193] Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of between 40 and 150 mg / g (i.e., 6 to 10% by weight). Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of between 60 and 100 mg / g (i.e., 6 to 10% by weight). Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of between 65 and 95 mg / g.

[0194] Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of between 100 and 700 mg / g. Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of between 200 and 600 mg / g. Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of between 300 and 500 mg / g. Preferably, the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of between 350 and 450 mg / g.

[0195] glycerides The composition preferably comprises one or more glycerides in addition to a curcumin compound (preferably as defined herein). Thus, the composition preferably comprises a glyceride.

[0196] The composition suitably comprises mono- and / or diglycerides, most preferably the composition comprises monoglycerides.

[0197] Preferably, the composition comprises two or more glycerides. Thus, preferably, the composition comprises a first glyceride and a second glyceride. Preferably, the composition comprises the first glyceride and the second glyceride in a weight ratio of between 1:99 and 99:1. Preferably, the composition comprises the first glyceride and the second glyceride in a weight ratio of between 1:99 and 90:10. Preferably, the composition comprises the first glyceride and the second glyceride in a weight ratio of between 10:90 and 50:50. Preferably, the composition comprises the first glyceride and the second glyceride in a weight ratio of between 20:80 and 40:60. Preferably, the composition comprises the first glyceride and the second glyceride in a weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65. The composition preferably comprises the first glyceride and the second glyceride in a weight ratio of between 27:73 and 30:70.

[0198] Preferably, the glyceride is a mono- and / or di-glyceride, but most preferably, the glyceride is a mono-glyceride, which is believed to promote a particularly complementary molecular configuration for solubilizing and / or encapsulating curcumin compounds, and the inventors have shown that higher glycerides tend to reduce such solubilizing / encapsulating ability.

[0199] Preferably, at least one glyceride has a melting point of 25 to 55°C. Preferably, at least two (preferably two mentioned / defined) glycerides have a melting point of 25 to 55°C. Preferably, each defined glyceride has a melting point of 25 to 55°C. Preferably, at least one glyceride has a melting point of 30 to 45°C. Preferably, at least two (preferably two mentioned / defined) glycerides have a melting point of 30 to 45°C. Preferably, each defined glyceride has a melting point of 30 to 45°C. Preferably, at least one glyceride has a melting point of 34 to 41°C. Preferably, at least two (preferably two mentioned / defined) glycerides have a melting point of 34 to 41°C. Preferably, each of the defined glycerides has a melting point of 34 to 41°C.

[0200] Preferably, the, each glyceride, or at least one glyceride contains one or more unsaturated moieties. Preferably, the, each, or at least one glyceride contains between one and two unsaturated moieties. Preferably, the, each, or at least one glyceride contains one (i.e., single, one, and only one) unsaturated moiety. Preferably, the, each, or at least one glyceride contains two (i.e., two and only two) unsaturated moieties.

[0201] Preferably, the composition comprises two glycerides, a first glyceride having one (i.e., one and only one) unsaturated moiety and a second glyceride having two (i.e., two and only two) unsaturated moieties. Preferably, the respective first and second glycerides may be present in one of the weight ratios described above.

[0202] Preferably, the, each, or at least one unsaturated moiety is an alkene moiety.

[0203] Preferably, the, each, or at least one alkene moiety is a cis-alkene moiety.

[0204] Preferably, the, or at least one, glyceride comprises one, two or three fatty acids condensed with glycerol (preferably one or two fatty acids in the case of mono- and / or diglycerides, respectively, and preferably only one fatty acid in the case of mono-glycerides).

[0205] Preferably, the, each, or at least one fatty acid is an aliphatic fatty acid. Preferably, the, each, or at least one fatty acid is a straight chain (i.e., unbranched) fatty acid.

[0206] Preferably, the, each, or at least one fatty acid is C6 to C 30 Fatty acids (i.e., having a carbon chain length of 6 to 30 carbons including a carboxylate carbon). Preferably, the, or at least one, fatty acid is C8 to C9 20 Preferably, the, or at least one fatty acid is a C 18 It is a fatty acid.

[0207] Preferably, the, each, or at least one fatty acid is an aliphatic C6-C 30 Fatty acids (i.e., having a carbon chain length of 6 to 30 carbons including a carboxylate carbon). Preferably, the, or at least one, fatty acid is an aliphatic C8 to C 20 Preferably, the, each, or at least one fatty acid is an aliphatic C 18 It is a fatty acid.

[0208] Preferably, the, each, or at least one fatty acid is a straight chain C6-C 30 Fatty acids (i.e., having a carbon chain length of 6 to 30 carbons including a carboxylate carbon). Preferably, the, or at least one, fatty acid is a straight chain C8 to C9 20 Preferably, the, each, or at least one fatty acid is a straight-chain C 18 It is a fatty acid.

[0209] Preferably, the, each, or at least one fatty acid contains one or more unsaturated moieties. Preferably, the, each, or at least one fatty acid contains between one and two unsaturated moieties. Preferably, the, each, or at least one fatty acid contains one (i.e., single, one, and only one) unsaturated moiety. Preferably, the, each, or at least one fatty acid contains two (i.e., two and only two) unsaturated moieties.

[0210] Preferably, the composition comprises a first glyceride comprising a fatty acid having one or more unsaturated moieties (preferably only a single fatty acid, such as a mono-glyceride), and a second glyceride comprising a fatty acid having one or more unsaturated moieties (preferably only a single fatty acid, such as a mono-glyceride).

[0211] Preferably, the composition comprises a first glyceride comprising a fatty acid having one (i.e., one and only one) unsaturated moiety (preferably, only a single fatty acid, such as a mono-glyceride), and a second glyceride comprising a fatty acid having two (i.e., two and only two) unsaturated moieties (preferably, only a single fatty acid, such as a mono-glyceride).

[0212] Preferably, the, each, or at least one unsaturated moiety is an alkene moiety. Preferably, the, each, or at least one alkene moiety is a cis-alkene moiety.

[0213] Preferably, the, each, or at least one fatty acid is oleic acid. Preferably, the, each, or at least one fatty acid is linoleic acid.

[0214] Preferably, the composition comprises glyceryl monooleate (monoolein).

[0215] Preferably, the composition comprises glyceryl monolinoleate (monolinolein).

[0216] Preferably, the composition comprises glyceryl monooleate (monoolein) and glyceryl monolinoleate (monolinolein). Preferably, the composition comprises glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a weight ratio of between 1:99 and 90:10. Preferably, the composition comprises glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a weight ratio of between 10:90 and 50:50. Preferably, the composition comprises glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a weight ratio of between 20:80 and 40:60. Preferably, the composition comprises glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65. Preferably, the composition comprises glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a weight ratio of between 27:73 and 30:70.

[0217] The use of a second glyceride in addition to a first glyceride in the lipid-based system of the present invention can significantly increase the solubilization and / or encapsulation capacity of a curcumin compound, particularly when the first glyceride is glyceryl monooleate and the second glyceride is glyceryl monolinoleate. Indeed, a second glyceride such as glyceryl monolinoleate (especially if it, like the first glyceride, contains one or more unsaturated moieties) can unlock previously unavailable encapsulation possibilities and enable the lipid-based system to retain the curcumin compound beyond its natural solubility limit, usually without even the risk of sedimentation during storage and / or centrifugation (which is otherwise quite common in supersaturated lipid-based systems).

[0218] Preferably, the curcumin compound (or related subdefinitions) is solubilized and / or encapsulated in a glyceride (or related subdefinitions). Preferably, the curcumin compound is dissolved in a glyceride. Suitably, the curcumin compound is encapsulated in a glyceride. Suitably, the curcumin compound is both dissolved and encapsulated in a glyceride.

[0219] Preferably, the composition comprises a lamellar structure that includes both the curcumin compound and the glyceride, the lamellar structure being particularly prevalent in dehydrated (or low water content) systems.

[0220] Preferably, the composition is not transparent (i.e., opaque) at SATP. This is generally due to a predominantly anisotropic structure (e.g., a lamellar structure). Preferably, the composition is not transparent (i.e., opaque) at temperatures within + / -5°C (preferably + / -1°C) of the melting point of the composition or the predominant lipid or glyceride. Preferably, the composition becomes transparent when melted (e.g., when heated at least 5°C above the melting point of the composition or the predominant lipid or glyceride).

[0221] Preferably, the lamellar structure is a liquid crystalline fluid lamella (L ) containing both a curcumin compound and a glyceride. α ) phase.

[0222] Preferably, one or more molecules of the curcumin compound are entirely contained within a single lamella that also contains a glyceride. Preferably, one or more molecules of the curcumin compound bridge two separate lamellae, each containing a glyceride (i.e., such molecules of the curcumin compound are only partially contained within a single lamella). Preferably, the composition comprises several lamellar structures containing both the curcumin compound and the glyceride. The curcumin molecules may lie flat, i.e., perpendicular to the xy plane of the lamellar phase (where the lamellae are stacked along the Z axis).

[0223] Suitably, the composition comprises both the curcumin compound and the glyceride in a cubic phase, preferably a bicontinuous cubic Pn3m phase, which is particularly prevalent in hydrated (water-containing or high water content, especially greater than 20% by weight) systems.

[0224] Preferably, the composition is transparent at SATP, but may have some opacity due to the predominantly anisotropic structure of the lamellar structure. Preferably, the composition is transparent or becomes transparent at temperatures above 40°C, preferably above 15°C. This is preferably due to the lamellar structure converting back to the substantially isotropic bicontinuous cubic Pn3m phase. This transparency behavior generally persists until very high curcumin contents are reached (e.g., 200 mg / g or more of curcumin compounds, or a 200:1000 weight ratio of curcumin compounds to glycerides or greater), at which point the composition becomes more opaque due to the resulting hexagonal (H2) or other anisotropic phase.

[0225] Preferably, the curcumin compound (or related subdefinitions) and the glyceride (or related subdefinitions) are present in the composition in a defined relative weight ratio, which may apply regardless of the level of dilution of the composition as a whole.

[0226] Preferably, the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the glyceride is between 0.5:1000 and 800:1000 (i.e., 5:10000 and 8:10). Preferably, the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the glyceride is between 10:1000 and 500:1000. Preferably, the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the glyceride is between 30:1000 and 500:1000. Preferably, the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the glyceride is between 60:1000 and 500:1000.

[0227] Preferably, the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the glyceride is between 0.5:1000 and 300:1000. Preferably, the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the glyceride is between 0.5:1000 and 30:1000. Preferably, the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the glyceride is between 0.5:1000 and 20:1000. Preferably, the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the glyceride is between 5:1000 and 100:1000.

[0228] Preferably, the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the glyceride is between 2:1000 and 8:1000, and more preferably, the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the glyceride is between 4:1000 and 6:1000.

[0229] Preferably, the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the glyceride is between 5:1000 and 10:1000, and more preferably, the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the glyceride is between 6.5:1000 and 8.5:1000.

[0230] Preferably, the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the glyceride is between 5:1000 and 30:1000, preferably between 10:1000 and 20:1000, and preferably between 11:1000 and 19:1000.

[0231] Preferably, the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the glyceride is between 10:1000 and 40:1000, preferably between 15:1000 and 35:1000, and preferably between 20:1000 and 30:1000.

[0232] Preferably, the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the glyceride is between 40:1000 and 150:1000. Preferably, the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the glyceride is between 60:1000 and 100:1000. Preferably, the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the glyceride is between 65:1000 and 95:1000. These ratios are particularly suitable when the composition contains two glycerides (preferably MO and ML).

[0233] Preferably, the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the glyceride is between 100:1000 and 700:1000. Preferably, the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the glyceride is between 200:1000 and 600:1000. Preferably, the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the glyceride is between 300:1000 and 500:1000. Preferably, the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the glyceride is between 350:1000 and 450:1000. These ratios are particularly suitable when the composition contains two glycerides (preferably MO and ML) and a moderate concentration of water (e.g., 10 to 60% by weight of water).

[0234] Preferably, the specified (i.e., defined) glyceride (or its related subdefinition) is the predominant glyceride, and preferably the predominant lipid (e.g., fatty acid-containing compound) in the composition. Preferably, all glycerides (including the predominant glyceride) and lipids in the composition are collectively referred to as lipid compounds.

[0235] Preferably, the specified (i.e., defined) glycerides (or related subdefinitions) comprise at least 50% by weight of the total amount of glycerides present in the composition (i.e., "50% by weight" is relative to all glycerides, not the composition as a whole), and preferably comprise at least 50% by weight of the total amount of lipids present in the composition (i.e., "50% by weight" is relative to all lipids, not the composition as a whole). All glycerides (including the predominant glyceride) and other lipids in the composition are collectively referred to as lipid compounds or simply "lipids." Preferably, the specified (or defined) glycerides comprise at least 70% by weight of the total amount of glycerides present in the composition. Preferably, the specified (or defined) glycerides comprise at least 85% by weight of the total amount of glycerides present in the composition. Preferably, the specified (or defined) glycerides comprise at least 89% by weight of the total amount of glycerides present in the composition. Suitably, the specified (or defined) glycerides constitute at least 95% by weight of the total amount of glycerides present in the composition.

[0236] Preferably, the specified (or defined) glycerides comprise at least 70% by weight of the total amount of lipids present in the composition. Preferably, the specified (or defined) glycerides comprise at least 85% by weight of the total amount of lipids present in the composition. Preferably, the specified (or defined) glycerides comprise at least 89% by weight of the total amount of lipids present in the composition. Preferably, the specified (or defined) glycerides comprise at least 95% by weight of the total amount of lipids present in the composition.

[0237] Preferably, the glycerides (defined and / or undefined) comprise at least 70% by weight of the total amount of lipids present in the composition. Preferably, the glycerides (defined and / or undefined) comprise at least 85% by weight of the total amount of lipids present in the composition. Preferably, the glycerides (defined and / or undefined) comprise at least 95% by weight of the total amount of lipids present in the composition. Preferably, the glycerides (defined and / or undefined) comprise at least 99% by weight of the total amount of lipids present in the composition.

[0238] solvent The composition may include a solvent (e.g., water). The solvent is preferably a polar solvent, more preferably a protic solvent, and most preferably water. Preferably, the only solvent present in the composition is water (or preferably, the solvent other than water constitutes at most 1% by weight of the composition, preferably at most 0.1% by weight, and most preferably at most 0.01% by weight). A certain amount of water may be particularly advantageous for increasing the loading capacity of the curcumin compound in the lipid-based system of the present invention—such water can not only increase solubilization but, surprisingly, can also increase encapsulation capacity.

[0239] Preferably, the composition contains 0 to 99% by weight of water. Preferably, the composition contains 0.01 to 95% by weight of water. Preferably, the composition contains 1 to 97% by weight of water.

[0240] Preferably, the composition contains 80% or less by weight of water (i.e., the composition has a maximum of 80% by weight of water, and may contain 0% by weight of water). Preferably, the composition contains 60% or less by weight of water (i.e., the composition has a maximum of 60% by weight of water, and may contain 0% by weight of water). Preferably, the composition contains 40% or less by weight of water (i.e., the composition has a maximum of 40% by weight of water, and may contain 0% by weight of water).

[0241] Preferably, the composition contains 5% or less water by weight (i.e., the composition has a maximum of 5% water by weight, and may contain 0% water by weight). Preferably, the composition contains 2% or less water by weight. Preferably, the composition contains 1% or less water by weight. These are relatively non-hydrated / dehydrated compositions.

[0242] Preferably, the compositions contain 10-60% water by weight (i.e., hydrated compositions containing a moderate amount of water). Such compositions are particularly advantageous for solubilizing and encapsulating large amounts of curcumin compounds. Preferably, the compositions contain 15-60% water by weight. Preferably, the compositions contain 20-45% water by weight. Preferably, the compositions contain 25-43% water by weight. Preferably, the compositions contain 32-41% water by weight. Preferably, these compositions (containing a moderate amount of water) are formed by adding the required amount of water to a non-hydrated / dehydrated composition (such as compositions B394-B399, which preferably contain 5% or less water by weight), preferably followed by mixing, preferably with sufficient heat, to melt the non-hydrated / dehydrated composition or at least its glycerides. Whenever a curcumin compound is added (e.g., to form a hydrated composition containing a significant amount of curcumin), the addition of curcumin is preferably carried out by mixing the additional curcumin with the non-hydrated / dehydrated composition (preferably heated to a molten state) before adding water. The product is preferably stored at 20°C or below.

[0243] Preferably, the composition contains 40 to 85% by weight of water. Such a composition may preferably contain a surfactant. Preferably, the composition contains 75 to 85% by weight of water. Such a composition may preferably contain a surfactant.

[0244] Preferably, the composition comprises 85 to 99.9% by weight of water (i.e., highly hydrated, preferably a dispersion or emulsion). Preferably, the composition comprises 45 to 99% by weight of water. Such compositions may preferably include a surfactant. Preferably, the composition comprises 70 to 98% by weight of water. Preferably, the composition comprises 90 to 97% by weight of water. Such highly hydrated compositions may preferably include a surfactant. Such highly hydrated compositions are preferably formed by adding the required amount of water to a non-hydrated / dehydrated composition or a moderately hydrated composition (e.g., of B394 to B405), preferably followed by mixing, preferably with sufficient heat, to melt the non-hydrated / dehydrated or moderately hydrated composition or at least the glycerides thereof.

[0245] Additional Ingredients and Restrictions The composition may comprise one or more additional components or may otherwise be characterized by limitations on said one or more additional components (e.g., maximum amounts / concentrations / ratios thereof) - so the composition may comprise said additional component, may be free of said additional component, or may have a specified maximum amount thereof.

[0246] The one or more additional components can be a component selected from the group consisting of an additional active agent, an additional lipid (e.g., a fatty acid), a natural oil, a bile salt (or bile acid), a hydrophilic molecule, a hydrophobic molecule, an amphiphilic molecule, a surfactant, or any combination thereof.

[0247] Preferably, the composition consists only of GRAS grade ingredients, excluding any additional active agents or curcumin compounds. Preferably, the entire composition contains only GRAS grade ingredients.

[0248] Additional lipids (or glycerides) The one or more additional ingredients may include one or more additional lipids.

[0249] The one or more additional lipids may include one or more glycerides other than the defined glycerides (e.g., glycerides defined above or in paragraphs B87-B144 below), and preferably, the one or more glycerides other than the defined glycerides may be referred to as "undefined" glycerides. Preferably, the weight ratio of the undefined glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than those defined in B87-B144) to the defined glycerides (e.g., glycerides defined in B87-B144) is between 0:100 and 50:50 (i.e., the weight ratio is 50:50 or less). Preferably, the weight ratio of unspecified glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than those specified in B87 to B144) to specified glycerides (e.g., glycerides specified in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 30:70 (i.e., the weight ratio is 30:70 or less). Preferably, the weight ratio of unspecified glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than those specified in B87 to B144) to specified glycerides (e.g., glycerides specified in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 20:80 (i.e., the weight ratio is 20:80 or less). Preferably, the weight ratio of unspecified glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than those specified in B87 to B144) to specified glycerides (e.g., glycerides specified in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 15:85 (i.e., the weight ratio is 15:85 or less). Preferably, the weight ratio of unspecified glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than those specified in B87 to B144) to specified glycerides (e.g., glycerides specified in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 10:90 (i.e., the weight ratio is 10:90 or less). Preferably, the weight ratio of unspecified glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than those specified in B87 to B144) to specified glycerides (e.g., glycerides specified in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 5:95 (i.e., the weight ratio is 5:95 or less).

[0250] The one or more additional lipids may include one or more lipids other than the defined glycerides (e.g., glycerides defined in B87 to B144), and preferably, the one or more lipids other than the defined lipids may be referred to as "undefined" lipids. Preferably, the weight ratio of the undefined lipids (e.g., lipids other than the glycerides defined in B87 to B144) to the defined glycerides (e.g., glycerides defined in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 50:50 (i.e., the weight ratio is 50:50 or less). Preferably, the weight ratio of the undefined lipids (e.g., lipids other than the glycerides defined in B87 to B144) to the defined glycerides (e.g., glycerides defined in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 30:70 (i.e., the weight ratio is 30:70 or less). Preferably, the weight ratio of unspecified lipids (e.g., lipids other than the glycerides specified in B87 to B144) to specified glycerides (e.g., glycerides specified in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 20:80 (i.e., the weight ratio is 20:80 or less). Preferably, the weight ratio of unspecified lipids (e.g., lipids other than the glycerides specified in B87 to B144) to specified glycerides (e.g., glycerides specified in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 15:85 (i.e., the weight ratio is 15:85 or less). Preferably, the weight ratio of unspecified lipids (e.g., lipids other than the glycerides specified in B87 to B144) to specified glycerides (e.g., glycerides specified in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 10:90 (i.e., the weight ratio is 10:90 or less). Preferably, the weight ratio of unspecified lipids (e.g., lipids other than the glycerides specified in B87 to B144) to specified glycerides (e.g., glycerides specified in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 5:95 (i.e., the weight ratio is 5:95 or less).

[0251] Additional activators The one or more additional ingredients may include an additional active ingredient (e.g., in addition to a curcumin compound). Preferably, the additional active ingredient is other than a (different) curcumin compound. Preferably, the additional active ingredient is derived from or is a constituent part of turmeric. Preferably, the additional active ingredient is or includes turmerone. Preferably, the composition includes one or more turmerones.

[0252] However, in certain embodiments, the composition does not contain any additional active ingredients. In certain embodiments, the composition does not contain turmeron or contains 10% or less by weight of turmeron. In certain embodiments, the composition does not contain turmeron or contains 1% or less by weight of turmeron. In certain embodiments, the composition does not contain turmeron or contains 0.1% or less by weight of turmeron. In certain embodiments, the composition does not contain turmeron or contains 0.01% or less by weight of turmeron.

[0253] Additional surfactants The one or more additional ingredients may include a surfactant. Suitably, the term "surfactant" excludes glycerides, or at least excludes any defined / specified glycerides.

[0254] The surfactant may be a nonionic surfactant. The nonionic surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohols, fatty alcohol ethers, fatty acid esters, fatty acid amides, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, nonionic block copolymers, alpha-tocopherol, polyglycerol esters, sucrose esters, saponins (e.g., saponin), and any combination thereof. The nonionic surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohols, fatty alcohol ethers, fatty acid esters, fatty acid amides, alpha-tocopherol, polyglycerol esters, sucrose esters, saponins (e.g., saponin), and any combination thereof.

[0255] Preferably, the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of polyglycerol esters, sucrose esters, saponins (e.g., saponin), and any combination thereof. Preferably, the surfactant is a saponin (e.g., saponin).

[0256] Preferably, when the composition includes a surfactant, it includes a surfactant with the proviso that the surfactant is not a PEG-based surfactant (e.g., the surfactant does not include a polyethylene glycol polymer or a polyethylene glycol copolymer block). Preferably, when the composition includes a surfactant, it includes a surfactant with the proviso that the surfactant is not a poloxamer. Preferably, when the composition includes a surfactant, it includes a surfactant with the proviso that the surfactant is not poloxamer 407. Preferably, when the composition includes a surfactant, it includes a surfactant with the proviso that the surfactant is not polysorbate 20. Preferably, when the composition includes a surfactant, it includes a surfactant with the proviso that the surfactant is not PEG-40 castor oil (e.g., not Killiphor RH40). It is preferred to exclude or at least minimize the above surfactants.

[0257] When the composition contains a surfactant, the surfactant is preferably present at a concentration of 0.001 to 10% by weight of the total composition (preferably when the composition contains 45% or more by weight of water). When the composition contains a surfactant, the surfactant is preferably present at a concentration of 0.01 to 2% by weight of the total composition (preferably when the composition contains 45% or more by weight of water). When the composition contains a surfactant, the surfactant is preferably present at a concentration of 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of the total composition (preferably when the composition contains 45% or more by weight of water). When the composition contains a surfactant, the surfactant is preferably present at a concentration of 0.4 to 1% by weight of the total composition (preferably when the composition contains 45% or more by weight of water).

[0258] Preferably, the composition comprises up to 1% by weight of a surfactant, preferably up to 1% by weight of any surfactant as defined in any of B176 to B186 (in particular poloxamers, polysorbates, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactants).

[0259] Preferably, the composition comprises up to 0.1% by weight of a surfactant, preferably up to 0.1% by weight of any surfactant as defined in any of B176 to B186 (in particular poloxamers, polysorbates, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactants).

[0260] Preferably, the composition comprises up to 0.01% by weight of a surfactant, preferably up to 0.01% by weight of any surfactant as defined in any of B176 to B186 (in particular poloxamers, polysorbates, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactants).

[0261] Preferably, the composition comprises up to 0.001% by weight of a surfactant, preferably up to 0.001% by weight of any surfactant as defined in any of B176 to B186 (in particular poloxamers, polysorbates, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactants).

[0262] Preferably the composition does not contain a surfactant, preferably does not contain any surfactant as defined in any of B176 to B186 (in particular poloxamers, polysorbates and PEG-40 castor oil surfactants).

[0263] additional oil The one or more additional components may comprise one or more oils. Such oils may preferably comprise or consist of natural oils. When oil is present, it is most preferably comprised of or consists of an organic oil (preferably an animal oil or a vegetable oil). Preferably, the organic oil is Common vegetable oils: coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, olive oil, palm oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil (including canola oil), safflower oil, sesame oil, soybean oil (or soybean oil), sunflower oil; Nut oils: almond oil, beech nut oil, brazil nut oil, cashew oil, hazelnut oil, macadamia oil, mongongo nut oil, pecan oil, pine nut oil, pistachio oil, walnut oil; Citrus oils: grapefruit seed oil, lemon oil, orange oil, Cucurbitaceae oils: bitter melon oil, bottle gourd oil, buffalo pumpkin oil, butternut squash seed oil, egusi seed oil, pumpkin seed oil, watermelon seed oil; Dietary Supplement Oils: Acai Oil, Black Seed Oil, Blackcurrant Seed Oil, Borage Seed Oil, Evening Primrose Oil, Flaxseed Oil; Other edible oils: Amaranth oil, apricot oil, apple seed oil, argan oil, avocado oil, babassu oil, ben oil, tenkawan oil, cape chestnut oil, carob pod oil (carob oil), cocoa butter, cocklebur oil, kofune palm oil, coriander seed oil, date palm seed oil, dika oil, cabbage oil, grape seed oil, hemp oil, kapok seed oil, kenaf seed oil, Lallemantia oil, Mafura oil oil), Marula oil, Meadowfoam seed oil, Mustard oil (expressed), Niger seed oil, Poppy seed oil, Nutmeg butter, Okra seed oil, Papaya seed oil, Perilla seed oil, Perilla seed oil, Persimmon seed oil, Pequi oil, Pili nut oil, Pomegranate seed oil, Poppy seed oil, Prakash oil, Virgin Prakash oil, Prune kernel oil, Quinoa oil, Ramtil oil, Rice bran oil, Royle oil, Shea nut, Sacha inchi oil, Sapote oil, Seje oil, Shea butter, Taramira oil, Tea seed oil (Camellia oil), Thistle oil, Tiger nut oil (or Nut edge oil), Tobacco seed oil, Tomato seed oil, Wheat germ oil; Multipurpose oils: Castor oil, Palm oil (copra oil), Rapeseed oil, Corn oil, Cottonseed oil, Camellia oil, Hemp oil, Mustard oil, Palm oil, Peanut oil, Radish oil, Rapeseed oil, Ramtil oil, Rice bran oil, Safflower oil, Saliconia oil, Soybean oil (or soy oil), Sunflower oil, Tiger nut oil, Tung oil; Non-edible oils: Copaiba, Jatropha oil, Jojoba oil, Milkbush oil, Nahor oil, Paradise oil, Petroleum nut oil, Pongamia oil (also known as Honge oil); Drying oils: dammar oil, linseed oil, poppy seed oil, cowpea oil, tung oil, vernonia oil; and Other vegetable oils: Yellowfin berry oil, Artichoke oil, Astrocaryum murumuru oil, Balanos oil, Bladderpod oil, Brucea javanica oil, Burdock oil, Buriti oil, Candlenut oil, Carrot seed oil (pressed), Castor oil, Kukui nut oil, Crambe oil, Croton oil, Cuphea oil, Cupuacu butter, Honesty oil, Illipe butter butter), Jojoba oil, Mango oil, Mowa butter, Neem oil, Ojon oil, Passion fruit oil, Rosehip seed oil, Rubber seed oil, Seabuckthorn oil, Sea rocket seed oil, Snowball seed oil (Viburnum oil), Tall oil, Tamanu or Foraha oil, Tonka bean oil (Kumaru oil), Tucuma butter, Ucuhuba seed oil, Moringa oil (or any combination thereof).

[0264] Preferably, the organic oil is moringa oil, palm oil, sunflower oil, avocado oil, soybean oil, corn oil, or any combination thereof. Thus, in certain embodiments, the composition comprises moringa oil, palm oil, sunflower oil, avocado oil, soybean oil, corn oil, or any combination thereof.

[0265] Preferably, the organic oil is moringa oil, palm oil, sunflower oil, avocado oil, or any combination thereof, so in certain embodiments, the composition comprises moringa oil, palm oil, sunflower oil, avocado oil, or any combination thereof.

[0266] The one or more oils may be a single oil.

[0267] Preferably, the composition comprises 0.1 to 70% by weight of oil. Preferably, the composition comprises 1 to 60% by weight of oil. Preferably, the composition comprises 2 to 50% by weight of oil.

[0268] Preferably, the composition comprises 1 to 70% by weight of oil. Preferably, the composition comprises 2 to 60% by weight of oil. Preferably, the composition comprises 3 to 50% by weight of oil.

[0269] Preferably, the composition comprises 1 to 30% by weight of oil. Preferably, the composition comprises 2 to 20% by weight of oil. Preferably, the composition comprises 3 to 10% by weight of oil.

[0270] Preferably, the composition comprises 1 to 50% by weight of oil. Preferably, the composition comprises 2 to 40% by weight of oil. Preferably, the composition comprises 3 to 30% by weight of oil.

[0271] When oil is present, preferably the weight ratio of the specified glyceride to oil is 99:1 to 1:99. When oil is present, preferably the weight ratio of the specified glyceride to oil is 99:1 to 30:70. Preferably the weight ratio of the specified glyceride to oil is 95:5 and 30:70. Preferably the weight ratio of the specified glyceride to oil is 95:5 to 50:40. Preferably the weight ratio of the specified glyceride to oil is 90:10 to 60:40. Preferably the weight ratio of the specified glyceride to oil is 90:10 to 50:50.

[0272] From the above, it can be seen that one aspect of the present invention is a curcumin compound (or one or more curcumin compounds, preferably one curcumin compound is the "primary" curcumin compound); one or more lipids, preferably one or more glycerides, suitably one or more mono- and / or di-glycerides, but most preferably one or more mono-glycerides, where at least one (preferably each) of the glycerides comprises at least one unsaturated moiety (preferably at least one alkene moiety, most preferably at least one cis-alkene moiety); one or more oils, preferably selected from the group consisting of moringa oil, palm oil, sunflower oil, avocado oil, soybean oil, corn oil, or any combination thereof; A composition comprising: Optionally, the composition further comprises water, optionally in combination with a surfactant, to provide a composition that is a water-in-oil or oil-in-water dispersion or emulsion.

[0273] Some specific examples of this embodiment with various glyceride:oil ratios are shown in the table below: In all examples, a single oil is used.

[0274] JPEG2025532540000010.jpg255168JPEG2025532540000011.jpg255163JPEG2025532540000012.jpg92170

[0275] In one embodiment, the composition comprises 0.001 to 50% by weight of a curcumin compound; one or more glycerides in a weight ratio of curcumin compound to glyceride between 0.5:1000 and 800:1000; and one or more oils in a weight ratio of glyceride to oil between 99:1 and 30:70. For this embodiment, preferably the composition comprises 0.1 to 70% by weight of oil, preferably 1 to 60% by weight of oil, preferably 2 to 50% by weight of oil.

[0276] Dry: In some embodiments, the composition comprises 0.1-1% by weight of a curcumin compound; one or more glycerides in a curcumin compound to glyceride weight ratio of 5:1000 to 30:1000; and one or more oils in a glyceride to oil weight ratio of 99:1 to 30:70; and the composition comprises 5% or less by weight of water (preferably 1% or less by weight of water). In some embodiments, the composition comprises 0.001-3% by weight of a curcumin compound; one or more glycerides in a curcumin compound to glyceride weight ratio of 0.5:1000 to 30:1000; and one or more oils in a glyceride to oil weight ratio of 99:1 to 1:99; and the composition comprises 5% or less by weight of water (preferably 1% or less by weight of water). In some embodiments, the composition comprises 0.01 to 1 wt% of a curcumin compound; one or more glycerides in a weight ratio of curcumin compound to glyceride between 0.5:1000 and 20:1000; and one or more oils in a weight ratio of glyceride to oil between 95:5 and 30:70; and the composition comprises 5 wt% or less of water (preferably, 1 wt% or less of water). For these embodiments, the composition preferably comprises 1 to 70 wt% of oil. Preferably, the composition comprises 2 to 60 wt% of oil. Preferably, the composition comprises 3 to 50 wt% of oil.

[0277] Hydration: In some embodiments, the composition comprises 0.5-5% by weight of a curcumin compound; one or more glycerides in a curcumin compound to glyceride weight ratio of 10:1000 to 500:1000; one or more oils in a glyceride to oil weight ratio of 99:1 to 30:70; and 10-60% by weight of water. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 0.01-10% by weight of a curcumin compound; one or more glycerides in a curcumin compound to glyceride weight ratio of 0.5:1000 to 800:1000; one or more oils in a glyceride to oil weight ratio of 99:1 to 30:70; and 10-60% by weight of water. In some embodiments, the composition comprises 0.1-5 wt% of a curcumin compound; one or more glycerides in a weight ratio of curcumin compound to glyceride between 5:1000 and 100:1000; and one or more oils in a weight ratio of glyceride to oil between 99:1 and 30:70; and the composition comprises 10-60 wt% of water. For these embodiments, preferably, the composition comprises 1-30 wt% of oil. Preferably, the composition comprises 2-20 wt% of oil. Preferably, the composition comprises 3-10 wt% of oil.

[0278] Dispersion A: In one embodiment, a composition (preferably an oil-in-water or water-in-oil dispersion or emulsion) comprises 0.1-1 wt. % of a curcumin compound; one or more glycerides in a weight ratio of curcumin compound to glyceride of between 5:1000 and 30:1000; and one or more oils in a weight ratio of glyceride to oil of between 99:1 and 30:70; the composition comprises 45-99 wt. % water, and optionally a surfactant (preferably a surfactant at a concentration of 0.001-10 wt. % of the total composition). In one embodiment, the composition (preferably an oil-in-water or water-in-oil dispersion or emulsion) comprises 0.001-3 wt.% of a curcumin compound; one or more glycerides in a weight ratio of curcumin compound to glyceride of between 0.5:1000 and 800:1000; and one or more oils in a weight ratio of glyceride to oil of between 99:1 and 30:70; and the composition comprises 45-99 wt.% water and, optionally, a surfactant (preferably, a surfactant at a concentration of 0.01-2 wt.% of the total composition). In some embodiments, the composition (preferably an oil-in-water or water-in-oil dispersion or emulsion) comprises 0.01-1 wt.% of a curcumin compound; one or more glycerides in a weight ratio of curcumin compound to glyceride of between 0.5:1000 and 30:1000; and one or more oils in a weight ratio of glyceride to oil of between 99:1 and 30:70; the composition comprises 45-99 wt.% water, and optionally a surfactant (preferably at a concentration of 0.01-2 wt.% of the surfactant based on the total composition). For these embodiments, the composition preferably comprises 1-50 wt.% oil. Preferably, the composition comprises 2-40 wt.% oil. Preferably, the composition comprises 3-30 wt.% oil.

[0279] Dispersion B: In one embodiment, a composition (preferably an oil-in-water or water-in-oil dispersion or emulsion) comprises 0.1-5 wt.% of a curcumin compound; one or more glycerides in a weight ratio of curcumin compound to glyceride of between 0.5:1000 and 800:1000; and one or more oils in a weight ratio of glyceride to oil of between 99:1 and 30:70; the composition comprises 45-99 wt.% water, and optionally a surfactant (preferably a surfactant at a concentration of 0.001-10 wt.% of the total composition). In one embodiment, the composition (preferably an oil-in-water or water-in-oil dispersion or emulsion) comprises 0.01-10% by weight of a curcumin compound; one or more glycerides in a weight ratio of curcumin compound to glyceride of between 0.5:1000 and 800:1000; and one or more oils in a weight ratio of glyceride to oil of between 99:1 and 30:70; and the composition comprises 45-99% by weight of water, and optionally a surfactant (preferably a surfactant at a concentration of 0.01-2% by weight of the total composition). In some embodiments, the composition (preferably an oil-in-water or water-in-oil dispersion or emulsion) comprises 0.1-4 wt.% of a curcumin compound; one or more glycerides in a weight ratio of curcumin compound to glyceride of between 0.5:1000 and 300:1000; and one or more oils in a weight ratio of glyceride to oil of between 99:1 and 30:70; the composition comprises 45-99 wt.% water, and optionally a surfactant (preferably at a concentration of 0.01-2 wt.% of the surfactant based on the total composition). For these embodiments, the composition preferably comprises 1-50 wt.% oil. Preferably, the composition comprises 2-40 wt.% oil. Preferably, the composition comprises 3-30 wt.% oil.

[0280] The oil may be any suitable oil, particularly an organic oil, but in the above embodiment, preferably the one or more oils are selected from the group consisting of moringa oil, palm oil, sunflower oil, avocado oil, soya oil (or soybean oil), corn oil, or any combination thereof, but most preferably the oil is a single oil selected from any of the above.

[0281] In the above embodiments, the composition may consist of or consist essentially of the specified components.

[0282] It will be readily understood that any of the above embodiments (including their features, particularly when relatively broadly defined), together with any of the limitations set forth above, may be further defined and / or subdefined as set forth herein, and particularly (and where not inconsistent in a given context) as set forth in paragraphs B1-B450 below.

[0283] Additional bile acids or bile salts The one or more additional components may include bile acids or bile salts, either individually or in mixtures. Thus, in some embodiments, the composition includes a mixture of bile salts (and / or bile acids). Bile salts (and / or bile acids) are particularly advantageous for digesting the lipid-based system of the present invention after absorption into the body or at the site on / in the body where the composition is applied.

[0284] Extra aloe vera The one or more additional ingredients may include aloe vera, and may optionally further include a gum (preferably xanthan gum) and / or glycerol (preferably vegetable glycerol).

[0285] In some embodiments, the composition comprises 0.001 to 50% by weight of a curcumin compound; one or more glycerides in a weight ratio of curcumin compound to glyceride of between 0.5:1000 and 800:1000; and aloe vera (e.g., aloe vera gel) in a weight ratio of glyceride to aloe vera of between 99:1 and 30:70. Such embodiments may also suitably comprise a gum (preferably xanthan gum) and glycerol, preferably in a weight ratio of between 10:1 and 1:10 (more preferably between 5:1 and 1:1, most preferably about 3:1), and preferably in a weight ratio of aloe vera to the combined weight of xanthan gum and glycerol of between 1:1 and 30:1. For these embodiments, the composition preferably comprises 0.1 to 70% by weight of aloe vera, preferably 1 to 60% by weight of aloe vera, and preferably 2 to 50% by weight of aloe vera.

[0286] In some embodiments, the composition comprises 0.01-10% by weight of a curcumin compound; one or more glycerides in a weight ratio of curcumin compound to glyceride of between 5:1000 and 100:1000; and aloe vera (e.g., aloe vera gel) in a weight ratio of glyceride to aloe vera of between 90:10 and 30:70. Such embodiments may also suitably comprise a gum (preferably xanthan gum) and glycerol, preferably in a weight ratio of between 10:1 and 1:10 (more preferably between 5:1 and 2:1, most preferably about 3:1), and preferably in a weight ratio of aloe vera to the combined weight of xanthan gum and glycerol of between 5:1 and 20:1. For these embodiments, the composition preferably comprises 20-80% by weight of aloe vera, preferably 30-70% by weight of aloe vera, and preferably 40-60% by weight of aloe vera.

[0287] It will be readily understood that any of the above embodiments (including their features, particularly when relatively broadly defined) may be further defined and / or subdefined as set forth herein, and particularly (and where not inconsistent in a given context) as set forth in paragraphs B1-B450 below.

[0288] Absent / Low Level Components Preferably, the composition is (substantially, preferably completely) free of polymers. Preferably, the composition is (substantially, preferably completely) free of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Preferably, the composition is (substantially, preferably completely) free of polyalkylene glycols (e.g., polyethylene glycol and / or polypropylene glycol). Preferably, the composition is (substantially, preferably completely) free of polyalkylene glycol esters (e.g., polyethylene glycol and / or polypropylene glycol esters). Preferably, the composition is (substantially, preferably completely) free of any compounds comprising a polyalkylene glycol ester moiety (e.g., polyethylene glycol and / or polypropylene glycol ester moiety). Preferably, the composition is (substantially, preferably completely) free of polyethylene glycol. Preferably, the composition is (substantially, preferably completely) free of polyethylene glycol esters. Preferably, the composition is (substantially, preferably completely) free of any compounds comprising a polyethylene glycol ester moiety.

[0289] Preferably, the composition is (substantially, preferably completely) free of surfactants. Preferably, the composition is (substantially, preferably completely) free of poloxamer surfactants. Preferably, the composition is (substantially, preferably completely) free of poloxamer 407 (e.g., Pluronic F127). Preferably, the composition is (substantially, preferably completely) free of polysorbate surfactants. Preferably, the composition is (substantially, preferably completely) free of polysorbate 20. Preferably, the composition is (substantially, preferably completely) free of PEG-40 castor oil (e.g., Killiphor RH40, Cremophor RH40) surfactants. Preferably, the composition is (substantially, preferably completely) free of poloxamer and polysorbate surfactants. Preferably, the composition is (substantially, preferably completely) free of poloxamer, polysorbate, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactants. Preferably, the composition comprises up to 3% by weight of a surfactant, suitably up to 3% by weight of any surfactant defined in any of B255 to B262 (in particular poloxamers, polysorbates, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactants).

[0290] Preferably, the composition contains up to 1% by weight of a surfactant, preferably up to 1% by weight of any surfactant defined in any of B255 to B262 (particularly poloxamer, polysorbate, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactant). Preferably, the composition contains up to 0.1% by weight of a surfactant, preferably up to 0.1% by weight of any surfactant defined in any of B255 to B262 (particularly poloxamer, polysorbate, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactant). Preferably, the composition contains up to 0.01% by weight of a surfactant, preferably up to 0.01% by weight of any surfactant defined in any of B255 to B262 (particularly poloxamer, polysorbate, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactant). Preferably, the composition comprises up to 0.001% by weight of a surfactant, suitably up to 0.001% by weight of any surfactant defined in any of B255 to B262 (in particular poloxamers, polysorbates, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactants).

[0291] Suitably, the composition is (substantially, preferably completely) free of lipids other than those specified.

[0292] Preferably, the composition is (substantially, preferably completely) free of solvents other than water (ie, liquid compounds in the SATP).

[0293] Other composition-specific aspects Preferably, at least 1% by weight of the composition is made up of the specified components (i.e., the components listed as being present or optionally present in the composition). Preferably, at least 10% by weight of the composition is made up of the specified components. Preferably, at least 15% by weight of the composition is made up of the specified components. Preferably, at least 20% by weight of the composition is made up of the specified components. Preferably, at least 50% by weight of the composition is made up of the specified components. Preferably, at least 70% by weight of the composition is made up of the specified components. Preferably, at least 80% by weight of the composition is made up of the specified components. Preferably, at least 85% by weight of the composition is made up of the specified components. Preferably, at least 90% by weight of the composition is made up of the specified components. Preferably, at least 95% by weight of the composition is made up of the specified components. Preferably, at least 99% by weight of the composition is made up of the specified components. Preferably, the composition consists of the specified components.

[0294] Preferably, at least 1% by weight of the composition is comprised of the specified curcumin compound and the specified glyceride (e.g., the glycerides defined in B87-B144). Preferably, at least 10% by weight of the composition is comprised of the specified curcumin compound and the specified glyceride. Preferably, at least 15% by weight of the composition is comprised of the specified curcumin compound and the specified glyceride. Preferably, at least 20% by weight of the composition is comprised of the specified curcumin compound and the specified glyceride. Preferably, at least 50% by weight of the composition is comprised of the specified curcumin compound and the specified glyceride. Preferably, at least 70% by weight of the composition is comprised of the specified curcumin compound and the specified glyceride. Preferably, at least 80% by weight of the composition is comprised of the specified curcumin compound and the specified glyceride. Preferably, at least 85% by weight of the composition is comprised of the defined curcumin compound and the defined glyceride. Preferably, at least 90% by weight of the composition is comprised of the defined curcumin compound and the defined glyceride. Preferably, at least 95% by weight of the composition is comprised of the defined curcumin compound and the defined glyceride. Preferably, at least 99% by weight of the composition is comprised of the defined curcumin compound and the defined glyceride.

[0295] Preferably, centrifugation of the composition (e.g., at RT for 5 minutes at 3000 rpm) results in less than 10% sedimentation by weight (i.e., less than 10% by weight of the total composition). Preferably, centrifugation of the composition (e.g., at RT for 5 minutes at 3000 rpm) results in less than 5% sedimentation by weight (i.e., less than 5% by weight of the total composition). Preferably, centrifugation of the composition (e.g., at RT for 5 minutes at 3000 rpm) results in less than 2% sedimentation by weight (i.e., less than 2% by weight of the total composition). Preferably, centrifugation of the composition (e.g., at RT for 5 minutes at 3000 rpm) results in less than 1% sedimentation by weight (i.e., less than 1% by weight of the total composition). Preferably, centrifugation of the composition (e.g., at RT for 5 minutes at 3000 rpm) results in less than 0.1% sedimentation by weight (i.e., less than 0.1% by weight of the total composition). Preferably, centrifugation of the composition (e.g., at RT for 5 minutes at 3000 rpm) results in less than 0.01% by weight settling (i.e., less than 0.01% by weight of the composition as a whole). Preferably, centrifugation of the composition (e.g., at RT for 5 minutes at 3000 rpm) results in (substantially) no settling.

[0296] Preferably, centrifuging the composition (e.g., at RT for 5 minutes at 3000 rpm) does not result in sedimentation or results in sedimentation containing less than 50% by weight of the curcumin compounds present in the composition (i.e., this refers to 50% by weight of the total amount of curcumin compounds, not 50% by weight of the composition as a whole). Preferably, centrifuging the composition (e.g., at RT for 5 minutes at 3000 rpm) does not result in sedimentation or results in sedimentation containing less than 20% by weight of the curcumin compounds present in the composition. Preferably, centrifuging the composition (e.g., at RT for 5 minutes at 3000 rpm) does not result in sedimentation or results in sedimentation containing less than 10% by weight of the curcumin compounds present in the composition. Preferably, centrifuging the composition (e.g., at RT for 5 minutes at 3000 rpm) does not result in sedimentation or results in sedimentation containing less than 5% by weight of the curcumin compounds present in the composition. Preferably, centrifugation of the composition (e.g., at RT for 5 minutes at 3000 rpm) does not result in sedimentation or results in sedimentation containing less than 1% by weight of the curcumin compounds present in the composition. Preferably, centrifugation of the composition (e.g., at RT for 5 minutes at 3000 rpm) does not result in sedimentation or results in sedimentation containing less than 0.1% by weight of the curcumin compounds present in the composition. Preferably, centrifugation of the composition (e.g., at RT for 5 minutes at 3000 rpm) does not result in sedimentation of any of the curcumin compounds present in the composition.

[0297] Methods for preparing compositions The present invention provides a method for preparing a composition (preferably as defined herein), the method preferably being as defined herein. The method preferably comprises mixing together all of the ingredients defined for the composition, including such compositions as defined above and below, including numbered paragraphs A1-A131, B1-B450, and combinations thereof. Thus, the method preferably comprises mixing a curcumin compound with one or more glycerides. Preferably, the curcumin compound is mixed with the one or more glycerides at a temperature where the one or more glycerides are in the melt phase (e.g., 30-90°C, preferably 35-70°C, most preferably 40-45°C), preferably for a time sufficient to ensure homogenization of the resulting composition. The composition, optionally cooled or allowed to cool, can be stored, optionally at room temperature (e.g., 15-25°C, or SATP) or refrigerated (e.g., 1-8°C). Such a method is particularly suitable for preparing non-hydrated / dehydrated compositions (preferably having up to 5% by weight of water), although in principle water can be added to the mixture, preferably while the glycerides are in the molten phase.

[0298] If a moderately hydrated composition is desired (e.g., 10-60% water by weight), this is preferably i) carrying out the above method to obtain a non-hydrated / dehydrated composition; ii) adding additional curcumin compounds to the non-hydrated / dehydrated composition to obtain a concentrated composition; iii) adding water to the concentrate composition; iv) mixing, preferably at a temperature at which the one or more glycerides are in the melt phase (e.g., 30-90°C, preferably 35-70°C, most preferably 40-45°C), preferably for a time sufficient to ensure homogenization of the hydrated lipid-based mixture to form a hydrated lipid-based mixture, optionally cooling the hydrated lipid-based mixture (or allowing the hydrated lipid-based mixture to cool), and optionally thereafter storing (e.g., at room temperature, e.g., 15-25°C, or refrigerated, e.g., 1-8°C); A method comprising: Preferably, it is prepared by a method in which step ii) is carried out before step iii).

[0299] When a highly hydrated composition (e.g., an aqueous dispersion or emulsion) is desired (e.g., 85 to 99.9% by weight water), this is preferably i) performing one of the above methods to obtain a non-hydrated / dehydrated composition or a moderately hydrated composition; ii) mixing the composition with an equal or greater weight of water (to provide the desired dilution), optionally in the presence of a surfactant (preferably a surfactant as defined herein, but preferably excluding certain specified surfactants), preferably at elevated temperature (e.g., 30-90°C, preferably 35-70°C, most preferably 40-45°C), optionally using sonication, to obtain an emulsion or cubosome dispersion; iii) optionally cooling the hydrated lipid-based mixture (or allowing the hydrated lipid-based mixture to cool), and optionally thereafter storing (e.g., at room temperature, e.g., 15-25°C, or refrigerated, e.g., 1-8°C); It is prepared by a method comprising:

[0300] Any of the above methods may further comprise the step of adding (or preferably mixing, while the glyceride is in the molten phase) one or more additional ingredients (suitably as defined herein with respect to the composition).

[0301] The method may further comprise the step of taking the product of the above method (or a sample thereof) and subjecting it to centrifugation (e.g., 3000 rpm for 5 minutes at RT) to confirm that one or more sedimentation requirements defined herein are met (e.g., as in B436-B450).

[0302] The present invention also provides a composition obtained by or directly obtained from the above method.

[0303] Methods of preparing other products using the compositions The present invention provides an article of manufacture comprising a composition as defined herein, which article may suitably incorporate the composition.

[0304] The present invention also provides methods for preparing the product, suitably comprising incorporating the composition into the product by mixing the composition with one or more additional ingredients (optionally defined elsewhere herein) or one or more product components (i.e., other components used to make the product), or by incorporating the composition into a suitable container or delivery device. For example, in the case of a pharmaceutical product (e.g., a tablet), the product components may include a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier. If the product is a spray, the composition can be mixed with one or more additional ingredients or product components and incorporated into a spray device (e.g., having a reservoir, a spray nozzle, and a conduit connecting the contents of the reservoir with the spray nozzle).

[0305] The present invention also provides a product obtained or directly obtained by the above method.

[0306] The product may preferably be a topical product (e.g., for use on a body surface, such as the skin, a body cavity, the eyes, or hair). For example, the topical product may be a cream, gel formulation, foam, ointment, spray, perfume (e.g., perfume, aftershave, cologne, or eau de toilette), salve, and / or film, most preferably a cream or ointment, that is preferably intended to be applied to the skin or a body cavity and not intended to be taken orally. In certain embodiments, the product is a cream, ointment, foam, or perfume (e.g., perfume, aftershave, cologne, or eau de toilette). In certain embodiments, the product is a cream. In other embodiments, the product is an ointment.

[0307] In alternative embodiments, the product may be an oral topical product, such as a mouthwash, rinse, oral spray, suspension, and / or dental gel, preferably intended to be taken orally but not ingested.

[0308] In alternative embodiments, the product is an ingestible product (e.g., an orally administrable product). Such ingestible products may be selected from lozenges, gels, jellies, pastilles, tablets, capsules, taffy, nougat, chewing candy, and / or chewing gum. In certain embodiments, the ingestible product is (or is otherwise incorporated into) a pastille, gel, or jelly. In another embodiment, the ingestible product comprises a gel component, a gelling component, or a gellable component. The gel component, the gelling component, or the gellable component is preferably of animal or plant origin, most preferably of plant origin. Indeed, most preferably, the product does not comprise any animal-derived component / ingredients. The gel component, the gelling component, or the gellable component may comprise or consist of a polysaccharide or derivative thereof (e.g., κ-carrageenan). The gel component, the gelling component, or the gellable component may comprise or consist of gelatin, agar, and / or agarose. The consumable product can be a liquid, preferably a suspension, dispersion, emulsion, or solution of the composition, most preferably a dispersion or emulsion. The consumable product can be a drink / beverage comprising the composition. The drink / beverage can be an alcoholic or non-alcoholic drink / beverage.

[0309] In certain embodiments, the product is a pharmaceutical product. Such pharmaceutical products are preferably for use as pharmaceuticals (or may otherwise be used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals). Such pharmaceutical products may be Ayurvedic medicines. In certain embodiments, the product compositions are for treating (or are for use in treating) Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, prion diseases, spinal muscular atrophy, neurodegenerative disorders including conditions caused by amyloid or amyloid plaques, inflammation, microbial infections (e.g., as antimicrobial compositions), viral infections, fungal infections, depression, cancer (particularly breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, colon cancer, multiple myeloma, myeloid leukemia, and colorectal cancer), anaphylaxis, arthritis, osteoarthritis, acne, and / or eczema.

[0310] The product may suitably be a nutritional supplement product.

[0311] The product may suitably be a dietary supplement.

[0312] The product may suitably be a food additive.

[0313] The product may suitably be a food product.

[0314] The product may be in the form of an emulsion, lotion, milk, liquid, solid, cream, gel, mousse, ointment, paste, serum, stick, spray, tonic, aerosol, foam, and / or pencil. The product may be an oil-in-water dispersion. The product may be a water-in-oil dispersion.

[0315] In some embodiments, the product is a personal care product. The personal care product may be selected from the group consisting of skin care products, skin creams, shaving products (e.g., shaving creams, gels, foams), moisturizers, lotions, body washes, body oils, and hair care products (e.g., shampoos and / or hair conditioners). The personal care product may be a "leave-on" product (e.g., moisturizing lotions, serums, creams) or a "rinse-off" product (e.g., body washes, shampoos, hair conditioners, shower gels, skin cleansers, cleansing milks, shaving compositions). The personal care product may be in the form of an implement (e.g., powder or non-powder cosmetic applicator), a reusable or disposable wipe, tissue, towel, diaper, razor or other shaving device, a personal cleansing implement (e.g., mesh shower sponge), a regular sponge, a washcloth, a cotton swab, and / or a pen.

[0316] In some embodiments, the product is a cosmetic. The cosmetic may be for controlling and / or reducing the formation of wrinkles and lines on the skin. The cosmetic may be for providing a radiant complexion.

[0317] In some embodiments, the product is a wound care product. The wound care (or wound healing) product may be a wound care hydrogel composition and thus preferably contains a hydrogel or hydrogel-forming component or compound, which may be a polysaccharide-based hydrogel or hydrogel-forming component or compound. Such wound care products may be selected from the group consisting of wound dressings, sutures, staples, gauze, bandages, casts, burn dressings, artificial skin, liposome or micelle formulations, microcapsules, and aqueous vehicles for soaking gauze dressings. In some embodiments, the wound care product may be for (or be used to) heal wounds, such as cuts and abrasions, burns, ulcers, pressure sores, lacerations, hemorrhoids, and / or post-operative wounds. The same properties that make the compositions of the present invention excellent for topical use also apply to wound care products.

[0318] The article can be a textile—for example, a textile (eg, clothing) comprising the composition.

[0319] The compositions of the present invention may be foodstuffs or food additives, but preferably the compositions of the present invention are neither foodstuffs nor food additives.Similarly, preferably any product formed from the compositions of the present invention is neither a foodstuff nor a food additive.Preferably, the product is neither a dietary supplement, a food additive, nor a foodstuff.

[0320] Uses of the compositions and products formed from the compositions The compositions and products of the present invention can be used in a variety of ways as defined herein.

[0321] By way of example, the present invention provides for the use of a Composition (as defined herein) or Product (as defined herein) for topical application to a body surface (e.g., skin, eyes, hair, body cavities), for topical application to the mouth for oral administration / ingestion. Sub-definitions of such uses are readily apparent from the recitation of these general categories throughout this specification—e.g., paragraphs B2-B43 further elucidate such uses.

[0322] The present invention also provides uses of the Composition (as defined herein) or Product (as defined herein) for medical treatment, for nutritional supplement treatment, for cosmetic treatment / application, for dental treatment, for eye treatment, in food, for personal care (e.g., skin care, hair care), and for wound care. Similarly, sub-definitions of all such uses are readily apparent from the recitation of these general categories throughout this specification—e.g., paragraphs B2-B43 further elucidate such uses.

[0323] medical use The present invention provides a composition (e.g., a pharmaceutical composition) as defined herein, or a product (e.g., a medicament) as defined herein, for use as a medicament (or for use in treating a disease, disorder, or medical condition, preferably a disease, disorder, or medical condition as defined herein).

[0324] The present invention provides the use of a composition (e.g., a pharmaceutical composition) as defined herein, or a product (e.g., a pharmaceutical product) as defined herein, in the manufacture of a medicament (or in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a disease, disorder, or medical condition, preferably a disease, disorder, or medical condition as defined herein).

[0325] The present invention provides a method of treating a disease, disorder or medical condition (preferably a disease, disorder or medical condition as defined herein) in a subject (preferably in a subject identified as in need of treatment), the method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a composition (e.g. a pharmaceutical composition) preferably as defined herein or a product (e.g. a medicament) preferably as defined herein.

[0326] Suitably, the disease, disorder, or medical condition comprises Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, prion disease, spinal muscular atrophy, neurodegenerative disorders including conditions caused by amyloid or amyloid plaques, inflammation, microbial infection (e.g., the composition as an antimicrobial composition), viral infection, fungal infection, depression, cancer (particularly breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, colon cancer, multiple myeloma, myeloid leukemia, and colorectal cancer), anaphylaxis, arthritis, osteoarthritis, acne, and / or eczema.

[0327] Preferably, the step of administering the composition or product to the subject comprises topical or oral administration, most preferably topical administration.

[0328] The compositions of the present invention, and / or products incorporating same, may be used as immune boosters - that is, to enhance the performance of the immune system (suitably of a human or animal subject).

[0329] Specific Embodiments The examples and data presented herein suggest that certain technical effects may result from certain features or combinations of features, and in light of these, various specific embodiments A1-A131 are discussed below. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize the embodiments elucidated by the dependencies set forth below, including through direct and indirect dependencies. The embodiments disclosed in this section may be combined with any embodiment and feature disclosed in any other section of this specification.

[0330] A) Specific Embodiments A1. A composition comprising a curcumin compound and one or more glycerides (which, together with any excess, are components of the composition), wherein at least one (preferably each) of the glycerides comprises at least one unsaturated moiety (preferably at least one alkene moiety, most preferably at least one cis-alkene moiety), suitably comprising up to 10% by weight of water (preferably up to 5% by weight of water, most preferably up to 2% by weight of water). A2. A composition comprising a curcumin compound and one or more monoglycerides, wherein at least one of the one or more monoglycerides comprises at least one cis-alkene moiety. In this context, references herein to glycerides are references to monoglycerides. A3. A composition comprising a curcumin compound and one or more monoglycerides, wherein at least one of the one or more monoglycerides comprises at least one cis-alkene moiety, with the proviso that the composition is not a dietary supplement, a food additive, or a foodstuff. In this context, references herein to glycerides are references to monoglycerides. A4. A composition comprising a curcumin compound, one or more glycerides, and water (which, together with any excess, are components of the composition), wherein at least one (preferably each) of the glycerides comprises at least one unsaturated moiety (preferably at least one alkene moiety, most preferably at least one cis-alkene moiety). A5. A composition comprising one or more curcumin compounds (preferably, one of the curcumin compounds constitutes a "primary" curcumin compound, typically referred to herein as "a curcumin compound" or "the curcumin compound", and most preferably, the "primary" curcumin compound is curcumin or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof); and one or more glycerides, suitably at least one of (preferably each of) the glycerides comprising at least one unsaturated moiety (preferably at least one alkene moiety, most preferably at least one cis-alkene moiety). Suitably, the one or more glycerides are one or more mono- and / or di-glycerides, but most preferably are one or more mono-glycerides. A6. a curcumin compound (or one or more curcumin compounds, preferably one curcumin compound is the "main" curcumin compound); and one or more lipids, preferably one or more glycerides, suitably one or more mono- and / or di-glycerides, but most preferably one or more mono-glycerides, where at least one (preferably each) of the glycerides contains at least one unsaturated moiety (preferably at least one alkene moiety, most preferably at least one cis-alkene moiety). A composition comprising: The curcumin compound is provided by a turmeric extract (and / or curcuminoid mixture) contained within the composition; The composition optionally further comprises water, optionally in combination with a surfactant, and is a water-in-oil or oil-in-water dispersion or emulsion. A7. a curcumin compound (or one or more curcumin compounds, preferably one curcumin compound is the "main" curcumin compound); one or more lipids, preferably one or more glycerides, suitably one or more mono- and / or di-glycerides, but most preferably one or more mono-glycerides, where at least one (preferably each) of the glycerides comprises at least one unsaturated moiety (preferably at least one alkene moiety, most preferably at least one cis-alkene moiety); one or more oils, preferably selected from the group consisting of moringa oil, palm oil, sunflower oil, avocado oil, soybean oil, corn oil, or any combination thereof; A composition comprising: The composition optionally further comprises water, optionally in combination with a surfactant, and is a water-in-oil or oil-in-water dispersion or emulsion. A8. A curcumin compound (or one or more curcumin compounds, preferably one curcumin compound is the "main" curcumin compound); one or more lipids, preferably one or more glycerides, suitably one or more mono- and / or di-glycerides, but most preferably one or more mono-glycerides, where at least one (preferably each) of the glycerides comprises at least one unsaturated moiety (preferably at least one alkene moiety, most preferably at least one cis-alkene moiety); one or more oils, preferably selected from the group consisting of moringa oil, palm oil, sunflower oil, avocado oil, soybean oil, corn oil, or any combination thereof; A composition comprising: The curcumin compound is provided by a turmeric extract (and / or curcuminoid mixture) contained within the composition; The composition optionally further comprises water, optionally in combination with a surfactant, and is a water-in-oil or oil-in-water dispersion or emulsion. A9. A method for preparing the composition of A1, comprising mixing a curcumin compound with one or more glycerides, preferably at a temperature at which the one or more glycerides are in a molten phase (e.g., 30-90°C, preferably 35-70°C, most preferably 40-45°C), preferably for a time sufficient to ensure homogenization of the lipid-based mixture (i.e., mixing the components of the composition, which may include additional components such as those defined below with respect to the composition), to form a lipid-based mixture, optionally cooling the lipid-based mixture (or allowing the lipid-based mixture to cool), and optionally thereafter storing (e.g., at room temperature, e.g., 15-25°C, or refrigerated, e.g., 1-8°C). A10. A method for preparing the composition of A4, comprising: i) performing the method of A9 or otherwise obtaining the composition of A1; ii) adding an additional curcumin compound to the composition; iii) adding water (now a further component of the composition) to the composition; iv) mixing, preferably at a temperature at which the one or more glycerides are in the melt phase (e.g., 30-90°C, preferably 35-70°C, most preferably 40-45°C), preferably for a time sufficient to ensure homogenization of the hydrated lipid-based mixture to form a hydrated lipid-based mixture, optionally cooling the hydrated lipid-based mixture (or allowing the hydrated lipid-based mixture to cool), and optionally thereafter storing (e.g., at room temperature, e.g., 15-25°C, or refrigerated, e.g., 1-8°C); Includes; Preferably, step ii) is performed before step iii). A method for preparing the composition of A11.A4, comprising: i) performing the method of A9 or A10 or otherwise obtaining the composition of A1 or A4; ii) mixing the composition with an equal or greater weight of water (to provide the desired dilution), optionally in the presence of a surfactant (preferably a surfactant as defined herein, but preferably excluding certain specified surfactants), preferably at an elevated temperature (e.g., 30-90°C, preferably 35-70°C, most preferably 40-45°C), optionally using sonication, to obtain an emulsion or cubosome dispersion; iii) optionally cooling the hydrated lipid-based mixture (or allowing the hydrated lipid-based mixture to cool), and optionally thereafter storing (e.g., at room temperature, e.g., 15-25°C, or refrigerated, e.g., 1-8°C); A method comprising: A12. The method of any of A9 to A11, including the step of adding (or mixing) one or more additional ingredients. A13. A product comprising a composition according to any one of A1 to A8 or obtained (or directly obtained) by the method according to A9 to A11. A14. A method for preparing a product of A13, comprising the step of incorporating a composition according to A1 to A8 or a composition obtained (or obtained directly) by a method according to A9 to A11 into the product, suitably by mixing the composition with one or more additional ingredients (optionally defined anywhere herein) or one or more product ingredients (i.e. other ingredients used to make the product), or by incorporating the composition into a suitable container or delivery device. A15. A composition (e.g., a pharmaceutical composition) according to A1 to A8, or a composition obtained by (or obtained directly from) a method described in A9 to A11, or a product (e.g., a medicinal product) according to A13, or a product obtained by (or obtained directly from) a method described in A14, for use as a medicament (or for use in the treatment of a disease, disorder or medical condition, preferably a disease, disorder or medical condition as defined herein). A16. Use of a composition (e.g., a pharmaceutical composition) according to A1 to A8, or a composition obtained by (or obtained directly from) a method described in A9 to A11, or a product (e.g., a medicinal product) according to A13, or a product obtained by (or obtained directly from) a method described in A14, in the manufacture of a medicament (or in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a disease, disorder or medical condition, preferably a disease, disorder or medical condition as defined herein). A17. A method of treating a disease, disorder, or medical condition (preferably a disease, disorder, or medical condition as defined herein) in a subject (preferably in a subject identified as in need of treatment), comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a composition (e.g., a pharmaceutical composition) described in A1 to A8, or a composition obtained (or obtained directly) by a method described in A9 to A11, or a product (e.g., a pharmaceutical product) described in A13, or a product obtained (or obtained directly) by a method described in A14. A18. One or more glycerides are C8-C6 with at least one cis-alkene 20A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition is one or more monoglycerides having a fatty acid moiety. A19. A composition (i.e., a component of the composition) comprising a curcumin compound and a C8-C cyclohexanediamine having at least one cis-alkene. 20 A composition, method, product, or use according to A18, comprising one or more monoglycerides having a fatty acid moiety and a bile salt (and / or bile acid). A20. The composition, method, product, or use according to A18, wherein the composition (i.e., components of the composition) comprises curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and a bile salt (and / or bile acid). A21. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A18 to A19, wherein the composition (i.e., components of the composition) comprises a curcumin compound, a first monoglyceride, and a second monoglyceride, both of which are compounds containing at least one alkene moiety (most preferably at least one cis-alkene moiety), and preferably the first monoglyceride and the second monoglyceride are present in a weight ratio of between 20:80 and 40:60. A22. A composition, method, product, or use according to A21, wherein the composition comprises a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin itself), glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate, preferably in a weight ratio of between 20:80 and 40:60. A23. A composition, method, product, or use according to A21, wherein the composition comprises a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin itself), glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate, preferably in a weight ratio of between 20:80 and 40:60. A24. A composition, method, product, or use according to A21, wherein the composition comprises a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin itself), glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water, wherein the water is present at a concentration of 10 to 60% by weight in the composition, and preferably the glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate are present in a weight ratio of between 20:80 and 40:60. A25. A composition, method, product, or use according to A21, wherein the composition comprises a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin itself), glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, water, and bile salts (and / or bile acids), wherein the water is present at a concentration of 10 to 60% by weight in the composition, and preferably the glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate are present in a weight ratio of between 20:80 and 40:60. A26. A composition, method, product, or use according to A1 to A25, wherein the composition comprises a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin itself), glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and bile salts (and / or bile acids), preferably wherein the glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate are present in a weight ratio of between 20:80 and 40:60. A27. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.5-800 mg / g of a curcumin compound and one or more monoglycerides selected from glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, or any combination thereof. Note: 0.5-800 mg / g refers to curcumin only. A28. The composition comprises 0.1 to 50% by weight of a curcumin compound and a C8-C cyclohexanediamine having at least one cis-alkene. 20 and one or more monoglycerides having a fatty acid moiety, wherein the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the one or more monoglycerides is between 0.5:1000 and 800:1000 (i.e., 5:10000 and 8:10). Note: 0.1 to 50% by weight applies to curcumin only. A29. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin and glyceryl monooleate, and the composition has up to 5% water by weight. A30. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 1-10 mg / g curcumin and glyceryl monooleate, the composition having a maximum of 5% water by weight, and at least 20% by weight of the composition consisting of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and water (to the extent water is present). Note: 1-10 mg / g refers to the concentration of curcumin alone in the composition and does not include any subsequently listed ingredients that are not limited in amount. Later listed ingredients without specified concentrations are not limited by concentration, except as indicated by other features of the embodiment. This pattern of specifying the concentration of curcumin alone and not specifying the concentrations of other subsequently listed ingredients applies throughout, unless otherwise specified. A31. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin and glyceryl monooleate; the weight ratio of curcumin to glyceryl monooleate is between 2:1000 and 8:1000; the composition has a maximum of 5% water by weight; and at least 20% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and water (to the extent water is present). A32. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 2-8 mg / g curcumin and glyceryl monooleate; the composition has a maximum of 2% water by weight; and at least 80% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and water (to the extent water is present). A33. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin and glyceryl monooleate; the weight ratio of curcumin to glyceryl monooleate is between 2:1000 and 8:1000; the composition has a maximum of 2% water by weight; and at least 80% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and water (to the extent water is present). A34. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 3-7 mg / g curcumin and glyceryl monooleate; the composition has a maximum of 2% water by weight; at least 80% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and water (to the extent water is present); the composition does not contain a surfactant; the weight ratio of undefined glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than glyceryl monooleate) to glyceryl monooleate is between 0:100 and 15:85 (i.e., the weight ratio is 15:85 or less), and the glycerides (i.e., glyceryl monooleate and any undefined glycerides) constitute at least 95% by weight of the total amount of lipid present in the composition. A35. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin and glyceryl monooleate; the weight ratio of curcumin to glyceryl monooleate is between 4:1000 and 6:1000; the composition has a maximum of 2% water by weight; at least 80% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and water (to the extent water is present); the composition does not contain a surfactant; the weight ratio of undefined glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than glyceryl monooleate) to glyceryl monooleate is between 0:100 and 15:85 (i.e., the weight ratio is 15:85 or less), and the glycerides (i.e., glyceryl monooleate and any undefined glycerides) constitute at least 95% by weight of the total amount of lipid present in the composition. A36. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin and glyceryl monooleate; and the composition comprises 10-60% water by weight. A37. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 5-30 mg / g curcumin and glyceryl monooleate; the composition comprises 10-60 wt% water; and at least 20 wt% of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and water. A38. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin and glyceryl monooleate; the weight ratio of curcumin to glyceryl monooleate is between 5:1000 and 30:1000; the composition comprises 10-60% water by weight; and at least 20% by weight of the composition is made up of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and water. A39. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 10-20 mg / g curcumin and glyceryl monooleate; the composition comprises 20-45 wt% water; and at least 80 wt% of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and water. A40. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin and glyceryl monooleate; the weight ratio of curcumin to glyceryl monooleate is between 11:1000 and 19:1000; the composition comprises 20-45% water by weight; and at least 80% by weight of the composition is made up of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and water. A41. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 10-20 mg / g curcumin and glyceryl monooleate; the composition comprises 20-45% water by weight; at least 80% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and water; the composition does not contain a surfactant; the weight ratio of undefined glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than glyceryl monooleate) to glyceryl monooleate is between 0:100 and 15:85 (i.e., the weight ratio is 15:85 or less), and the glycerides (i.e., glyceryl monooleate and any undefined glycerides) constitute at least 95% by weight of the total amount of lipid present in the composition. A42. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin and glyceryl monooleate; the weight ratio of curcumin to glyceryl monooleate is between 11:1000 and 19:1000; the composition comprises 20-45% water by weight; at least 80% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and water; the composition does not contain a surfactant; the weight ratio of undefined glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than glyceryl monooleate) to glyceryl monooleate is between 0:100 and 15:85 (i.e., the weight ratio is 15:85 or less), and the glycerides (i.e., glyceryl monooleate and any undefined glycerides) constitute at least 95% by weight of the total amount of lipid present in the composition. A43. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; and the composition has up to 5% water by weight. A44. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 2-13 mg / g curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the composition has a maximum of 5% water by weight; and at least 20% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water (to the extent water is present). A45. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the weight ratio of the glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with the curcumin is between 5:1000 and 10:1000; the composition has a maximum of 5% water by weight; and at least 20% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water (to the extent water is present). A46. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 5-10 mg / g curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the composition has a maximum of 2% water by weight; and at least 80% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water (to the extent water is present). A47. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the weight ratio of the glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with the curcumin is between 6.5:1000 and 8.5:1000; the composition has a maximum of 2% water by weight; and at least 80% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water (to the extent water is present). A48. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 5-10 mg / g curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the composition has a maximum of 2% water by weight; at least 80% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water (to the extent water is present); the composition does not contain a surfactant; the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with undefined glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate) is between 0:100 and 15:85 (i.e., the weight ratio is 15:85 or less), and the glycerides (i.e., glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and any undefined glycerides) constitute at least 95% by weight of the total amount of lipid present in the composition. A49. The composition comprises curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with curcumin is between 6.5:1000 and 8.5:1000; the composition has a maximum of 2% water by weight; at least 80% by weight of the composition is made up of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water (to the extent water is present); the composition does not contain a surfactant; an unspecified glyceride (e.g., A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with glycerides other than glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate is between 0:100 and 15:85 (i.e., the weight ratio is 15:85 or less), and the glycerides (i.e., glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and any unspecified glycerides) constitute at least 95% by weight of the total amount of lipid present in the composition. A50. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; and the composition comprises 10-60% water by weight. A51. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 10-40 mg / g curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the composition comprises 10-60% by weight of water; and at least 20% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water. A52. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with curcumin is between 10:1000 and 40:1000; the composition comprises 10-60% water by weight; and at least 20% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water. A53. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 15-35 mg / g curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the composition comprises 20-45 wt% water; and at least 80 wt% of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water. A54. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the weight ratio of the glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with the curcumin is between 20:1000 and 30:1000; the composition comprises 20-45% water by weight; and at least 80% by weight of the composition is made up of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water. A55. A composition comprising 15-35 mg / g of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; a composition comprising glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65; a composition comprising 20-45% by weight of water; at least 80% by weight of the composition is composed of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water; a composition free of surfactants; an unspecified glyceride (e.g., monooleate) A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with glycerides other than glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate is between 0:100 and 15:85 (i.e., the weight ratio is 15:85 or less), and the glycerides (i.e., glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and any unspecified glycerides) comprise at least 95% by weight of the total amount of lipid present in the composition. A56. A composition comprising curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the composition comprising glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65; the weight ratio of curcumin to glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined (i.e., relative to the total weight of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined) is between 20:1000 and 30:1000; the composition comprising 20-45% by weight of water; at least 80% by weight of the composition is curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water; the composition is surfactant-free; the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with unspecified glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate) is between 0:100 and 15:85 (i.e., a weight ratio of 15:85 or less), and the glycerides (i.e., glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and any unspecified glycerides) constitute at least 95% by weight of the total amount of lipid present in the composition. A57. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 40-150 mg / g curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the composition has a maximum of 5% water by weight; and at least 20% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water (to the extent water is present). A58. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with curcumin is between 40:1000 and 150:1000; the composition has a maximum of 5% water by weight; and at least 20% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water (to the extent water is present). A59. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 40-150 mg / g curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the composition has a maximum of 2% water by weight; and at least 80% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water (to the extent water is present). A60. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with curcumin is between 60:1000 and 100:1000; the composition has a maximum of 2% water by weight; and at least 80% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water (to the extent water is present). A61. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 60-100 mg / g curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the composition has a maximum of 2% water by weight; at least 80% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water (to the extent water is present); the composition does not contain a surfactant; the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with undefined glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate) is between 0:100 and 15:85 (i.e., the weight ratio is 15:85 or less), and the glycerides (i.e., glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and any undefined glycerides) constitute at least 95% by weight of the total amount of lipid present in the composition. A62. A composition comprising curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with curcumin is between 65:1000 and 95:1000; the composition has a maximum of 2% water by weight; at least 80% by weight of the composition is made up of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water (to the extent water is present); the composition is free of surfactants; and the composition does not contain unspecified glycerides (e.g., monoglycerides). A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with glycerides other than glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate is between 0:100 and 15:85 (i.e., the weight ratio is 15:85 or less), and the glycerides (i.e., glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and any unspecified glycerides) constitute at least 95% by weight of the total amount of lipids present in the composition. A63. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 100-700 mg / g curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the composition comprises 10-60% by weight of water; and at least 20% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water. A64. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with curcumin is between 100:1000 and 700:1000; the composition comprises 10-60% water by weight; and at least 20% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water. A65. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 200-600 mg / g curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the composition comprises 20-45 wt% water; and at least 80 wt% of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water. A66. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with curcumin is between 300:1000 and 500:1000; the composition comprises 20-45% water by weight; and at least 80% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water. A67. A composition comprising 300-500 mg / g of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; a composition comprising glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65; a composition comprising 20-45% by weight of water; at least 80% by weight of the composition is composed of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and water; a composition free of surfactants; an unspecified glyceride (e.g., monooleate) A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with glycerides other than glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate is between 0:100 and 15:85 (i.e., the weight ratio is 15:85 or less), and the glycerides (i.e., glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and any unspecified glycerides) comprise at least 95% by weight of the total amount of lipid present in the composition. A68. A composition comprising curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the composition comprising glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65; the weight ratio of curcumin to glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined (i.e., relative to the total weight of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined) is between 350:1000 and 450:1000; the composition comprising 20-45% water by weight; at least 80% by weight of the composition is curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate. and water; the composition does not contain a surfactant; the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with unspecified glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate) is between 0:100 and 15:85 (i.e., the weight ratio is 15:85 or less), and the glycerides (i.e., glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and any unspecified glycerides) constitute at least 95% by weight of the total amount of lipid present in the composition. A69. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the composition comprises 40-85% water by weight; and at least 15% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate. A70. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with curcumin is between 5:1000 and 30:1000; the composition comprises 40 to 85% water by weight; at least 15% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; and the composition is surfactant-free (or is surfactant-free of poloxamer, polysorbate, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactant) or contains up to 3% by weight of surfactant (or up to 3% by weight of poloxamer, polysorbate, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactant). A71. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with curcumin is between 5:1000 and 10:1000; the composition comprises 40 to 85% water by weight; at least 15% by weight of the composition consists of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; and the composition is surfactant-free (or is surfactant-free of poloxamer, polysorbate, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactant) or contains up to 3% by weight of surfactant (or up to 3% by weight of poloxamer, polysorbate, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactant). A72. A composition comprising curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with curcumin is between 6:1000 and 9:1000; the composition comprises 40-85% water by weight; at least 15% by weight of the composition is composed of curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the composition is free of surfactants (or free of poloxamers, polysorbates, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactants) or contains up to 1% by weight of surfactants (or up to 1% by weight of poloxamers, polysorbates, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactants). sorbate, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactant); the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with undefined glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate) is between 0:100 and 15:85 (i.e., a weight ratio of 15:85 or less), and the glycerides (i.e., glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and any undefined glycerides) constitute at least 95% by weight of the total amount of lipid present in the composition. A73. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; and the composition comprises at least 85% water by weight. A74. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of 0.1 mg / g or greater; the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with curcumin is between 40:1000 and 150:1000; the composition comprises at least 85% water by weight; and the composition is free of surfactants (or free of poloxamer, polysorbate, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactants) or contains up to 3% surfactants by weight (or up to 3% poloxamer, polysorbate, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactants). A75. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of 0.1 mg / g or greater; the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with curcumin is between 60:1000 and 100:1000; the composition comprises at least 85% water by weight; and the composition is free of surfactants (or free of poloxamer, polysorbate, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactants) or contains up to 3% surfactants by weight (or up to 3% poloxamer, polysorbate, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactants). A76. A composition comprising curcumin, glyceryl monooleate, and glyceryl monolinoleate; the curcumin compound is present in the composition at a concentration of 0.1 mg / g or greater; the composition comprises glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65; the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with curcumin (i.e., relative to the total weight of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined) is between 65:1000 and 95:1000; the composition comprises at least 85% water by weight; the composition is surfactant-free (or does not comprise poloxamer, polysorbate, or PEG-40 castor oil surfactant). or up to 1 wt.% surfactant (or up to 1 wt.% poloxamer, polysorbate, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactant); the weight ratio of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate combined with undefined glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate) is between 0:100 and 15:85 (i.e., the weight ratio is 15:85 or less), and the glycerides (i.e., glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl monolinoleate, and any undefined glycerides) constitute at least 95 wt.% of the total amount of lipid present in the composition. A77. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.1-1% by weight of a curcumin compound and 95-99.9% by weight of one or more glycerides. A78. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 0.1 to 1% by weight of a curcumin compound and 95 to 99.9% by weight of one or more glycerides. A79. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.1-1% by weight of curcumin and 95-99.9% by weight of one or more glycerides. A80. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 0.1 to 1% by weight of curcumin and 95 to 99.9% by weight of one or more glycerides. A81. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.1-1% by weight of curcumin and 95-99.9% by weight of glyceryl monooleate. A82. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 0.1-1% by weight of curcumin and 99-99.9% by weight of glyceryl monooleate. A83. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.5-1.5% by weight of a curcumin compound and 95-99.5% by weight of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides. A84. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 0.5 to 1.5% by weight of a curcumin compound and 95 to 99.5% by weight of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides. A85. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.5-1.5% by weight of curcumin and 95-99.5% by weight of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides. A86. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 0.5-1.5% by weight of curcumin and 95-99.5% by weight of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides. A87. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.5 to 1.5 wt.% curcumin and 95 to 99.5 wt.% of a mixture of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a respective weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65. A88. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 0.5 to 1.5 wt.% curcumin and 98.5 to 99.5 wt.% of a mixture of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a respective weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65. A89. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 1-10% by weight (preferably 5-10% by weight) of a curcumin compound and 85-99% by weight (preferably 90-95% by weight) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides. A90. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 1-10% by weight (preferably 5-10% by weight) of a curcumin compound and 85-99% by weight (preferably 90-95% by weight) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides. A91. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 1-10% by weight (preferably 5-10% by weight) of curcumin and 85-99% by weight (preferably 90-95% by weight) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides. A92. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 1-10% by weight (preferably 5-10% by weight) curcumin and 85-99% by weight (preferably 90-95% by weight) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides. A93. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 1 to 10% by weight (preferably 5 to 10% by weight) of curcumin and 85 to 99% by weight (preferably 90 to 95% by weight) of a mixture of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a respective weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65. A94. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 1-10% by weight (preferably 5-10% by weight) curcumin and 90-99% by weight (preferably 90-95% by weight) of a mixture of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a respective weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65. A95. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.1 to 3 wt % (preferably 0.5 to 1.5 wt %) of a curcumin compound, 35 to 85 wt % (preferably 55 to 65 wt %) of one or more glycerides, and 15 to 65 wt % (preferably 35 to 45 wt %) of water. A96. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 0.1 to 3% by weight (preferably 0.5 to 1.5%) of a curcumin compound, 35 to 85% by weight (preferably 55 to 65%) of one or more glycerides, and 15 to 65% by weight (preferably 35 to 45%) of water. A97. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.1 to 3% by weight (preferably 0.5 to 1.5% by weight) of curcumin, 35 to 85% by weight (preferably 55 to 65% by weight) of one or more glycerides, and 15 to 65% by weight (preferably 35 to 45% by weight) of water. A98. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 0.1 to 3% by weight (preferably 0.5 to 1.5%) curcumin, 35 to 85% by weight (preferably 55 to 65%) of one or more glycerides, and 15 to 65% by weight (preferably 35 to 45%) of water. A99. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.1-3% by weight of curcumin, 35-85% by weight of glyceryl monooleate, and 15-65% by weight of water. A100. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.5-1.5% by weight of curcumin, 55-65% by weight of glyceryl monooleate, and 35-45% by weight of water. A101. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 0.5-1.5% by weight of curcumin, 55-65% by weight of glyceryl monooleate, and 35-45% by weight of water. A102. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.5-5% by weight (preferably 1-2% by weight) of a curcumin compound, 45-75% by weight (preferably 55-65% by weight) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides, and 25-55% by weight (preferably 35-45% by weight) of water. A103. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 0.5-5% by weight (preferably 1-2% by weight) of a curcumin compound, 45-75% by weight (preferably 55-65% by weight) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides, and 25-55% by weight (preferably 35-45% by weight) of water. A104. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.5-5% by weight (preferably 1-2% by weight) of curcumin, 45-75% by weight (preferably 55-65% by weight) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides, and 25-55% by weight (preferably 35-45% by weight) of water. A105. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 0.5-5% by weight (preferably 1-2% by weight) curcumin, 45-75% by weight (preferably 55-65% by weight) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides, and 25-55% by weight (preferably 35-45% by weight) water. A106. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.5 to 5% by weight (preferably 1 to 2% by weight) of curcumin, 45 to 75% by weight (preferably 55 to 65% by weight) of a mixture of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a respective weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65, and 25 to 55% by weight (preferably 35 to 45% by weight) of water. A107. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 0.5 to 5 wt. % (preferably 1 to 2 wt. %) curcumin, 45 to 75 wt. % (preferably 55 to 65 wt. %) of a mixture of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a respective weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65, and 25 to 55 wt. % (preferably 35 to 45 wt. %) water. A108. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 10-30% by weight (preferably 17.5-22.5% by weight) of a curcumin compound, 30-70% by weight (preferably 45-55% by weight) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides, and 10-50% by weight (preferably 25-35% by weight) of water. A109. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 10-30% by weight (preferably 17.5-22.5% by weight) of a curcumin compound, 30-70% by weight (preferably 45-55% by weight) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides, and 10-50% by weight (preferably 25-35% by weight) of water. A110. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 10-30% by weight (preferably 17.5-22.5% by weight) of curcumin, 30-70% by weight (preferably 45-55% by weight) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides, and 10-50% by weight (preferably 25-35% by weight) of water. A111. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 10-30% by weight (preferably 17.5-22.5% by weight) curcumin, 30-70% by weight (preferably 45-55% by weight) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides, and 10-50% by weight (preferably 25-35% by weight) water. A112. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 10-30% by weight (preferably 17.5-22.5% by weight) of curcumin, 30-70% by weight (preferably 45-55% by weight) of a mixture of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a respective weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65, and 10-50% by weight (preferably 25-35% by weight) of water. A113. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 10-30% by weight (preferably 17.5-22.5% by weight) curcumin, 30-70% by weight (preferably 45-55% by weight) of a mixture of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a respective weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65, and 10-50% by weight (preferably 25-35% by weight) water. A114. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.005-0.5% by weight (preferably 0.01-0.1% by weight) of a curcumin compound, 1-10% by weight (preferably 3-7% by weight) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides, and 90-99% by weight (preferably 93-97% by weight) of water. A115. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.005-0.5 wt% (preferably 0.01-0.1 wt%) of a curcumin compound, 1-10 wt% (preferably 3-7 wt%) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides, 90-99 wt% (preferably 93-97 wt%) of water, and 0.01-2 wt% (preferably 0.1-1 wt%) of a surfactant (preferably a surfactant as defined herein). A116. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 0.005-0.5% by weight (preferably, 0.01-0.1%) of a curcumin compound, 1-10% by weight (preferably, 3-7%) of one or more (preferably, at least two, preferably two) glycerides, 90-99% by weight (preferably, 93-97%) of water, and 0.01-2% by weight (preferably, 0.1-1%) of a surfactant (preferably, a surfactant as defined herein). A117. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.005-0.5% by weight (preferably 0.01-0.1%) of curcumin, 1-10% by weight (preferably 3-7%) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides, and 90-99% by weight (preferably 93-97%) of water. A118. The composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.005-0.5% by weight (preferably 0.01-0.1%) of curcumin, 1-10% by weight (preferably 3-7%) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides, 90-99% by weight (preferably 93-97%) of water, and 0.01-2% by weight (preferably 0.1-1%) of a surfactant (preferably a surfactant as defined herein). A119. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 0.005-0.5% by weight (preferably 0.01-0.1%) curcumin, 1-10% by weight (preferably 3-7%) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides, 90-99% by weight (preferably 93-97%) water, and 0.01-2% by weight (preferably 0.1-1%) of a surfactant (preferably a surfactant as defined herein). A120. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.005 to 0.5 wt% (preferably 0.01 to 0.1 wt%) curcumin, 1 to 10 wt% (preferably 3 to 7 wt%) of a mixture of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a respective weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65, and 90 to 99 wt% (preferably 93 to 97%) water. A121. The composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.005-0.5 wt% (preferably 0.01-0.1 wt%) curcumin, 1-10 wt% (preferably 3-7 wt%) of a mixture of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a respective weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65, 90-99 wt% (preferably 93-97 wt%) water, and 0.01-2 wt% (preferably 0.1-1 wt%) of a surfactant (preferably a surfactant as defined herein). A122. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 0.005-0.5 wt% (preferably 0.01-0.1 wt%) curcumin, 1-10 wt% (preferably 3-7 wt%) of a mixture of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a respective weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65, 90-99 wt% (preferably 93-97 wt%) water, and 0.01-2 wt% (preferably 0.1-1 wt%) of a surfactant (preferably a surfactant as defined herein). A123. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.1 to 3% by weight (preferably 0.5 to 1.7% by weight) of a curcumin compound, 5 to 25% by weight (preferably 12 to 18% by weight) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides, and 75 to 90% by weight (preferably 80 to 88% by weight) of water. A124. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.1 to 3 wt% (preferably 0.5 to 1.7 wt%) of a curcumin compound, 5 to 25 wt% (preferably 12 to 18 wt%) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides, 75 to 90 wt% (preferably 80 to 88 wt%) of water, and 0.01 to 2 wt% (preferably 0.1 to 1 wt%) of a surfactant (preferably a surfactant as defined herein). A125. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 0.1 to 3 wt% (preferably, 0.5 to 1.7 wt%) of a curcumin compound, 5 to 25 wt% (preferably, 12 to 18 wt%) of one or more (preferably, at least two, preferably two) glycerides, 75 to 90 wt% (preferably, 80 to 88 wt%) of water, and 0.01 to 2 wt% (preferably, 0.1 to 1 wt%) of a surfactant (preferably a surfactant as defined herein). A126. A composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.1 to 3% by weight (preferably 0.5 to 1.7% by weight) of curcumin, 5 to 25% by weight (preferably 12 to 18% by weight) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides, and 75 to 90% by weight (preferably 80 to 88% by weight) of water. A127. The composition, method, product, or use according to any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.1 to 3% by weight (preferably 0.5 to 1.7%) of curcumin, 5 to 25% by weight (preferably 12 to 18%) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides, 75 to 90% by weight (preferably 80 to 88%) of water, and 0.01 to 2% by weight (preferably 0.1 to 1%) of a surfactant (preferably a surfactant as defined herein). A128. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 0.1 to 3 wt% (preferably 0.5 to 1.7 wt%) curcumin, 5 to 25 wt% (preferably 12 to 18 wt%) of one or more (preferably at least two, preferably two) glycerides, 75 to 90 wt% (preferably 80 to 88 wt%) water, and 0.01 to 2 wt% (preferably 0.1 to 1 wt%) of a surfactant (preferably a surfactant as defined herein). A129. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.1 to 3 wt% (preferably 0.5 to 1.7 wt%) curcumin, 5 to 25 wt% (preferably 12 to 18 wt%) of a mixture of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a respective weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65, and 75 to 90 wt% (preferably 80 to 88 wt%) water. A130. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition comprises 0.1 to 3 wt% (preferably 0.5 to 1.7 wt%) curcumin, 5 to 25 wt% (preferably 12 to 18 wt%) of a mixture of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a respective weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65, 75 to 90 wt% (preferably 80 to 88 wt%) water, and 0.01 to 2 wt% (preferably 0.1 to 1 wt%) of a surfactant (preferably a surfactant as defined herein). A131. The composition, method, product, or use of any of A1 to A17, wherein the composition consists of, or consists essentially of, 0.1 to 3 wt. % (preferably 0.5 to 1.7 wt. %) curcumin, 5 to 25 wt. % (preferably 12 to 18 wt. %) of a mixture of glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a respective weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65, 75 to 90 wt. % (preferably 80 to 88 wt. %) water, and 0.01 to 2 wt. % (preferably 0.1 to 1 wt. %) surfactant (preferably a surfactant as defined herein).

[0331] Specific Embodiments A1-A131, and their features, may be further defined and / or subdefined as set forth herein, and in particular (and where not contradictory in a given context) as set forth in paragraphs B1-B450 below. In particular, any composition or product of any of Specific Embodiments A1-A131 may be a composition or product defined in any of B2-B43. While any definition relating to a composition is equally applicable to the methods, products, and uses of the invention, in a method of preparation, the components of a composition will generally be those appropriate in the context in which they are mixed together or otherwise combined or incorporated to provide the relevant product (be it a composition or other product) of said method.

[0332] Specific implementation via dependencies The following numbered paragraphs (B1-B450) with dependencies describe additional embodiments and features that may be combined with any of the embodiments and features disclosed in any other section of this specification, including the embodiments of A1-A131. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize the embodiments that are revealed by the dependencies set forth below, including through direct and indirect dependencies.

[0333] B) Numbered paragraphs with dependencies B1. A composition generally or preferably as defined anywhere herein, including (unless otherwise contradicted in a given context) as defined in any of paragraphs A1-A131 above. B2. The composition of B1, which is a topical composition (eg, for use on a body surface, such as skin, eyes, body cavities, and / or hair). B3. The composition of B2, wherein the topical composition is a cream, gel formulation, foam, ointment, spray, perfume (e.g., perfume, aftershave, cologne, or eau de toilette), patch, and / or film, most preferably a cream or ointment, preferably intended to be applied to the skin or a body cavity and not intended to be taken orally. B4. The composition of B3, wherein the topical composition is a cream, ointment, foam, or fragrance (e.g., perfume, aftershave, cologne, or eau de toilette). B5. The composition of B4, wherein the topical composition is a cream. B6. The composition of B4, wherein the topical composition is an ointment. B7. The composition of B2, which is an oral topical composition, preferably intended to be administered orally but not ingested, such as a mouthwash, rinse, mouth spray, suspension, and / or dental gel. B8. The composition of B1, which is an ingestible composition (eg, an orally administrable composition). B9. The composition of B8, wherein the ingestible composition is selected from a lozenge, a gel, a jelly, a pastille, a tablet, a capsule (e.g., a capsule containing the composition), a toffee, a nougat, a chewing candy, and / or a chewing gum. B10. The composition of B9, wherein the ingestible composition is (or is otherwise incorporated into) a pastille, gel, or jelly. B11. The composition of B8-B10, wherein the ingestible composition comprises a gel component, a gelling component, or a gellable component. B12. The composition of B11, wherein the gel component, gelling component, or gellable component is of animal or plant origin. B13. The composition of B12, wherein the gel component, gelling component, or gellable component is plant-derived (preferably, the composition or the product into which it is incorporated does not contain any animal-derived components / ingredients). B14. The composition of B11 to B13, wherein the gel component, gelling component, or gellable component comprises or consists of a polysaccharide or derivative thereof (eg, kappa-carrageenan). B15. The composition of B11 to B14, wherein the gel, gelling, or gellable component comprises or consists of gelatin, agar, and / or agarose. B16. The composition of B8, wherein the ingestible composition is a liquid, preferably a suspension, dispersion, or solution (or is otherwise incorporated therein, e.g., by mixing the composition with a solvent such as water). The composition of B16, wherein the ingestible composition is a drink / beverage. The drink / beverage may be an alcoholic or non-alcoholic drink / beverage. B18. A composition according to B1 to B17 which is (or is otherwise incorporated into) a pharmaceutical composition. B19. The composition of B18, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is for use as a medicament (or may otherwise be used in the manufacture of a medicament). B20. The composition of B18, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is an Ayurvedic medicine (or is otherwise incorporated into a product that is an Ayurvedic medicine). B21. The composition according to B18, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is for treating (or is for use in treating) Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, prion disease, spinal muscular atrophy, neurodegenerative disorders including conditions caused by amyloid or amyloid plaques, inflammation, microbial infections (e.g., the composition as an antimicrobial composition), viral infections, fungal infections, depression, cancer (particularly breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, colon cancer, multiple myeloma, myeloid leukemia, and colorectal cancer), anaphylaxis, arthritis, osteoarthritis, acne, and / or eczema. B22. A composition according to B1 to B17 which is (or otherwise incorporates) a nutraceutical composition. B23. A composition according to B1 to B17 which is (or is otherwise incorporated into) a dietary supplement. B24. A composition according to B1 to B17 which is (or is otherwise incorporated into) a food additive. B25. A composition according to B1 to B17 which is (or is otherwise incorporated into) a foodstuff. B26. A composition according to B1 to B17 that is neither a foodstuff nor a food additive. B27. A composition according to B1 to B17 that is not a dietary supplement, a food additive, or a foodstuff. B28. A composition according to B1 to B17, which is a personal care composition. B29. The composition of B28, wherein the personal care composition is selected from the group consisting of a skin care composition, a skin cream, a shaving composition (e.g., shaving cream, gel, foam), a moisturizer, a lotion, a body wash, a body oil, and a hair care composition (e.g., a shampoo and / or a hair conditioner). B30. A composition according to B28 to B29 which is a "leave-on" composition (e.g., moisturizing lotion, serum, cream) or a "rinse-off" composition (e.g., body wash, shampoo, hair conditioner, shower gel, skin cleanser, cleansing milk, shaving composition). B31. A composition according to B1 to B30 (especially B28 to B30) in the form of (or otherwise incorporated into) an emulsion, lotion, milk, liquid, solid, cream, gel, mousse, ointment, paste, serum, stick, spray, tonic, aerosol, foam, and / or pencil. B32. A composition according to B1 to B31 (especially B28 to B31) in the form of (or otherwise incorporated into) a device (e.g., a powder or non-powder cosmetic applicator), a reusable or disposable wipe, tissue, towel, diaper, razor or other shaving device, personal cleansing device (e.g., a mesh shower sponge), a conventional sponge, a washcloth, a cotton swab, and / or a pen. B33. A composition according to B1 to B32 which is a cosmetic composition (or a cosmetic product - e.g., a cosmetic product comprising the composition, or which is incorporated into a cosmetic product). B34. The composition according to B33, wherein the cosmetic composition is for controlling and / or reducing the formation of wrinkles and lines on the skin. B35. The composition according to B33, wherein the cosmetic composition is for providing a radiant complexion. B36. A composition according to B1 to B17 which is a wound care composition (or a wound care product - eg a wound care product comprising the composition or incorporated into a wound care product). B37. A composition according to B36, wherein the wound care (or wound healing) composition is a wound care hydrogel composition and therefore suitably comprises a hydrogel or a hydrogel-forming component or compound. B38. A composition according to B36 to B37, wherein the wound care composition is incorporated into a wound care product, eg, a wound care product comprising the composition. B39. The composition of B38, wherein the wound care product is selected from the group consisting of wound dressings, sutures, staples, gauze, bandages, casts, burn dressings, artificial skin, liposomal or micelle formulations, microcapsules, and aqueous vehicles for soaking gauze dressings. B40. A composition according to B36 to B39 for (or for use in) healing wounds, for example, healing cuts and abrasions, burns, ulcers, pressure sores, lacerations, hemorrhoids, and / or post-operative wounds. B41. A composition according to B1 to B17 which is (or is otherwise incorporated into) a textile. B42. The composition according to B1 to B41, which is an oil-in-water dispersion. B43. The composition according to B1 to B41, which is a water-in-oil dispersion.

[0334] Curcumin Compounds B44. A composition according to B1 to B43, comprising a curcumin compound. B45. The composition of B1 to B44, wherein the curcumin compound is curcumin (or a derivative or analog thereof) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. B46. The curcumin compound has Formula I: [ka] (In the formula, Each R 1a , R 1b , R 2a , and R2b The group is any R OX and / or R 1a / R 2a and / or R 1b / R 2b either or both pairs join to form an optionally substituted heterocyclic or heteroaryl ring; Each R 3a , R 3b , R 4a , R 4b , R 5a , R 5b , R 6a , R 6b , R 7a , and R 7b The group is any R CAR and / or R 3a / R 4a and / or R 3b / R 4b either or both pairs join to form an optionally substituted cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclic, or heteroaryl ring; Each R OX The group may be selected from hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, formyl, carboxy, carbamoyl, (1-8C) alkyl, (2-8C) alkenyl, (2-8C) alkynyl, (1-8C) hydroxyalkyl, (1-6C) alkylsulfinyl, (1-6C) alkylsulfonyl, (1-6C) alkoxycarbonyl, N-(1-6C) alkylcarbamoyl, N,N-di-[(1-6C) alkyl]carbamoyl, (2-6C) alkanoyl, N,N-di-[(1-6C) alkyl]sulfamoyl, or a group of the formula: _ L 1a_ X 1a (In the formula, L 1a is absent, or SO, SO2, CO, CH(OR A ), CON(R A ), N(R A )CO, SO2N(R A )(wherein, R Ais hydrogen or (1-8C) alkyl; X 1a is aryl, aryl-(1-6C)alkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkyl-(1-6C)alkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkenyl, (3-8C)cycloalkenyl-(1-6C)alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-(1-6C)alkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclyl-(1-6C)alkyl). is selected from the group Any R OX The group may be one or more R CAR optionally further substituted with a group; Each R CARThe group may be hydrogen, halogeno, trifluoromethyl, cyano, isocyano, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, amino, formyl, carboxy, carbamoyl, ureido, (1-8C) alkyl, (2-8C) alkenyl, (2-8C) alkynyl, (1-8C) hydroxyalkyl, (1-6C) alkoxy, (1-6C) alkylamino, (1-6C) dialkylamino, (2-6C) alkenyloxy, (2-6C)alkynyloxy, (1-6C)alkylthio, (1-6C)alkylsulfinyl, (1-6C)alkylsulfonyl, (1-6C)alkylamino, di-[(1-6C)alkyl]amino, (1-6C)alkoxycarbonyl, N-(1-6C)alkylcarbamoyl, N,N-di-[(1-6C)alkyl]carbamoyl, (2-6C)alkanoyl, (2-6C)alkanoyl peroxy, (2-6C)alkanoylamino, N-(1-6C)alkyl-(2-6C)alkanoylamino, (3-6C)alkenoylamino, N-(1-6C)alkyl-(3-6C)alkenoylamino, (3-6C)alkynoylamino, N-(1-6C)alkyl-(3-6C)alkynoylamino, N'-(1-6C)alkylureido, N',N'-di-[(1-6C)alkyl]ureido ureido, N-(1-6C)alkylureido, N,N'-di-[(1-6C)alkyl]ureido, N,N',N'-tri-[(1-6C)alkyl]ureido, N-(1-6C)alkylsulfamoyl, N,N-di-[(1-6C)alkyl]sulfamoyl, (1-6C)alkanesulfonylamino, and N-(1-6C)alkyl-(1-6C)alkanesulfonylamino, or a group of the formula: _ L 2a_ X 2a (In the formula, L 2a is absent, or O, S, SO, SO2, N(R B ), CO, C(O)O, CH(OR B ), CON(R B ), N(R B )CO,N(R B )CON(R B ), SO2N(R B ), N(R B)SO2, OC(R B )2, SC(R B )2, and N(R B )C(R B )2(wherein, R B is hydrogen or (1-8C) alkyl; X 2a is aryl, aryl-(1-6C)alkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkyl-(1-6C)alkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkenyl, (3-8C)cycloalkenyl-(1-6C)alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-(1-6C)alkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclyl-(1-6C)alkyl). is selected from the group Any R CAR The group may be one or more R CAR optionally further substituted with a group; Optionally, OR 1a and / or OR 1b wherein either or both of the following are replaced by hydrogen (e.g., dealkoxy analogs) or any pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. B47.Each R OX groups are selected from hydrogen, (1-8C) alkyl, (2-6C) alkanoyl, and any R OX The group may be one or more R CAR The composition according to B46, optionally further substituted with a group. B48.Each R OX The composition according to B46, wherein the groups are selected from hydrogen and (1-3C) alkyl. B49.Each R OX The composition according to B46, wherein the groups are selected from hydrogen and methyl. B50.R 1a and R 1b are the same as each other, and R 2a and R 2b are the same as each other, but preferably, R 1a / R 1b R 2a / 2b The composition according to any one of B46 to B49, which is different from B51.R 1a and R 1b Both are methyl and R 2a and R 2b The composition according to B46 to B49, wherein both of are hydrogen. B52.OR 1a and / or OR 1b The composition according to B46 to B51, wherein either or both of: is replaced by hydrogen (eg, a dealkoxy analog). B53.Each R CAR The group may be selected from hydrogen, halogeno, trifluoromethyl, cyano, isocyano, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, amino, formyl, carboxy, carbamoyl, ureido, (1-8C) alkyl, (1-8C) hydroxyalkyl, (1-6C) alkoxy, (1-6C) alkylamino, (1-6C) dialkylamino, (2-6C) alkanoyl, or a group of the formula: _ L 2a_ X 2a (In the formula, L 2a is absent, or O, S, SO, SO2, N(R B ), CO, C(O)O, CH(OR B ), CON(R B ), N(R B )CO,N(R B )CON(R B ), SO2N(R B ), N(R B )SO2, OC(R B )2, SC(R B )2, and N(R B )C(R B )2(wherein, R B is hydrogen or (1-8C) alkyl; X 2ais aryl, aryl-(1-6C)alkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkyl-(1-6C)alkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkenyl, (3-8C)cycloalkenyl-(1-6C)alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-(1-6C)alkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclyl-(1-6C)alkyl). is selected from the group Any R CAR The group may be one or more R CAR The composition according to B46 to B52, optionally further substituted with a group. B54.Each R CAR The composition according to B53, wherein the groups are selected from hydrogen, halogeno, trifluoromethyl, cyano, hydroxy, amino, carboxy, (1-8C) alkyl, (1-8C) hydroxyalkyl, (1-6C) alkoxy, (2-6C) alkanoyl. B55.Each R CAR The composition according to B54, wherein the groups are selected from hydrogen, fluoro, or methyl. B56.Each R CAR The composition according to B55, wherein the group is hydrogen. B57.R 3a and R 3b are the same as each other, and R 4a and R 4b are the same as each other, and R 5a and R 5b are the same as each other, and R 6a and R 6b are the same as each other, and R7 a and R 7b The composition according to any one of B46 to B56, wherein both of the above are the same as each other. B58.Each R 3a , R 3b , R 4a , R 4b , R 5a , R 5b , R 6a , R 6b , R 7a , and R 7b The composition according to B46 to B57, wherein the group is hydrogen. B59. The curcumin compound has the formula II: [ka] (In the formula, R 1a , R 1b , R 2a , R 2b , R 3a , R 3b , R 4a , R 4b , R 5a , and R 5b is as defined in any of B46 to B58; Optionally, OR 1a and / or OR 1b wherein either or both of the following are replaced by hydrogen (e.g., dealkoxy analogs) or any pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. B60. The curcumin compound has formula III: [ka] (In the formula, R 1a , R 1b , R 2a , and R 2b is as defined in any of B46 to B59; Optionally, OR 1a and / or OR 1b wherein either or both of the following are replaced by hydrogen (e.g., dealkoxy analogs) or any pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. B61. The curcumin compound has formula III: [ka] (In the formula, R 1a and R 1b is as defined in any of B46 to B60; Optionally, OR 1a and / or OR 1bwherein either or both of the following are replaced by hydrogen (e.g., dealkoxy analogs) or any pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. B62. The curcumin compound has formula IV: [ka] wherein optionally, either or both OMe groups are replaced by hydrogen (e.g., dimethoxy or bisdemethoxy analogs). or any pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. B63. The composition according to B44, wherein the curcumin compound is curcumin or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. B64. The composition according to B44, wherein the curcumin compound is curcumin (preferably, unsalted curcumin). B65. The composition according to B44, wherein the curcumin compound is a metabolite of curcumin, eg, curcumin glucuronide. B66. The composition according to B44, wherein the curcumin compound is demethoxycurcumin or a salt thereof (preferably, unsalted demethoxycurcumin). B67. The composition according to B44, wherein the curcumin compound is bisdemethoxycurcumin or a salt thereof (preferably, unsalted bisdemethoxycurcumin). B68. The composition according to B44 to B67, wherein the curcumin compound is a substantially pure curcumin compound (eg, 95% or more pure by weight, suitably 98% or more pure by weight, preferably 99% or more pure by weight). B69. The composition according to B68, which is substantially free of turmeric or which comprises turmeric compounds (i.e. compounds in turmeric other than curcumin compounds) at a concentration of up to 5% by weight, suitably up to 2% by weight, preferably up to 1% by weight. B70. The composition of any of B1 to B67, wherein the curcumin compound is provided to the composition by (or as) a curcumin compound source comprising a (predominant) curcumin compound in admixture with one or more other source compounds (e.g., one or more other curcumin compounds, and possibly other ingredients / constituents). These "other source compounds" may include one or more other curcumin compounds (e.g., curcuminoids), one or more turmerones, etc. B71. The composition of B70, wherein the source of the curcumin compound is turmeric, turmeric extract, and / or a curcuminoid mixture. B72. The composition of B70, wherein the source of the curcumin compound is turmeric. B73. The composition of B70, wherein the source of the curcumin compound is turmeric extract. B74. The composition of B70, wherein the source of curcumin compounds is a curcuminoid mixture. B75. A composition according to any one of B70 to B74, wherein the (primary) curcumin compound is present in the composition in an amount, concentration (e.g., as defined in B285 to B349), or ratio (e.g., as defined in B350 to B376) defined herein, notwithstanding the presence of "other source compounds" (e.g., other turmeric compounds). B76. The composition of any of B1 to B75, comprising one or more curcumin compounds, each of the one or more curcumin compounds independently being a curcumin compound as defined in any of B44 to B75. However, references herein to "a curcumin compound" or "the curcumin compound" preferably relate to a single (primary, i.e., "main") curcumin compound (most preferably curcumin itself), although other curcumin compounds may also be present. B77. The composition of any of B1 to B76, comprising one or more curcumin compounds, one of which is a "main" curcumin compound (preferably as defined in any of B44 to B75, most preferably curcumin itself) and the others of which are other curcumin compound(s) (each of which may also be as defined in any of B44 to B75, so long as each is different from the main curcumin compound). Preferably, the main curcumin compound is present in the composition in an amount, concentration (e.g., as defined in B285 to B349), or ratio (e.g., as defined in B350 to B376) defined herein, despite the presence of the other curcumin compound(s). B78. The composition of B76 to B77, wherein at least one of the one or more curcumin compounds is curcumin (or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof). B79. The composition of any one of B76 to B78, wherein curcumin is preferably the predominant curcumin compound, in that the concentration of curcumin (e.g., as a weight % within the composition or as a ratio to any other component) is higher than any other curcumin compound. B80. The composition of B78 or B79, wherein the curcumin (or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof) comprises between 30% and 99.999% by weight of all curcumin compounds present in the composition. B81. The composition of B78-B80, wherein the curcumin (or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof) comprises 40% or more by weight of all curcumin compounds present in the composition. B82. The composition of B78-B80, wherein the curcumin (or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof) comprises 50% or more by weight of all curcumin compounds present in the composition. B83. The composition of B78-B80, wherein the curcumin (or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof) comprises 60% or more by weight of all curcumin compounds present in the composition. B84. The composition of B78-B80, wherein the curcumin (or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof) comprises 70% or more by weight of all curcumin compounds present in the composition. B85. The composition of B78-B80, wherein the curcumin (or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof) comprises 80% or more by weight of all curcumin compounds present in the composition. B86. The composition of B78 to B85, wherein the curcumin (or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof) comprises between 30% and 90% by weight of all curcumin compounds present in the composition.

[0335] glycerides B87. A composition according to B1 to B86 comprising one or more glycerides. B88. The composition of B87, comprising a glyceride. B89. The composition according to B87, comprising mono- and / or di-glycerides. B90. The composition of B87, comprising a monoglyceride. B91. The composition according to B87, comprising two or more glycerides. B92. The composition of B87 comprising up to two glycerides. B93. The composition of B87, comprising a first glyceride and a second glyceride. B94. The composition according to B87, comprising a first glyceride and a second glyceride in a weight ratio of between 1:99 and 99:1. B95. The composition according to B87, comprising a first glyceride and a second glyceride in a weight ratio of between 1:99 and 90:10. B96. The composition according to B87, comprising a first glyceride and a second glyceride in a weight ratio of between 10:90 and 90:10. B97. The composition of B87, comprising a first glyceride and a second glyceride in a weight ratio of between 10:90 and 50:50. B98. The composition according to B87, comprising a first glyceride and a second glyceride in a weight ratio of between 20:80 and 40:60. B99. The composition according to B87, comprising a first glyceride and a second glyceride in a weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65. B100. The composition according to B87, comprising a first glyceride and a second glyceride in a weight ratio of between 27:73 and 30:70. B101. The composition according to B87, comprising one and at most one glyceride. B102. The composition according to B87, comprising two and at most two glycerides. B103. The composition of B87 to B102, wherein the glyceride is a mono- and / or di-glyceride. B104. The composition of B87 to B102, wherein the glyceride is a mono-glyceride. B105. The composition according to B87 to B104, wherein at least one glyceride has a melting point of 25 to 55°C. B106. The composition according to B87 to B104, wherein at least two (preferably two mentioned / defined) glycerides have a melting point of 25-55°C. B107. The composition according to B87 to B104, wherein each defined glyceride has a melting point of 25 to 55°C. B108. The composition according to B87 to B104, wherein at least one glyceride has a melting point of 30 to 45°C. B109. The composition according to B87 to B104, wherein at least two (preferably two mentioned / defined) glycerides have a melting point of 30-45°C. B110. The composition according to B87 to B104, wherein each defined glyceride has a melting point of 30 to 45°C. B111. The composition of B87 to B104, wherein at least one glyceride has a melting point of 34-41°C. B112. The composition according to B87 to B104, wherein at least two (preferably two mentioned / defined) glycerides have a melting point of 34-41°C. B113. The composition according to B87 to B104, wherein each defined glyceride has a melting point of 34 to 41°C.

[0336] Glyceride top part B114. The composition of B87 to B113, wherein the, each, or at least one glyceride comprises one or more unsaturated moieties. B115. The composition of B114, wherein the, each, or at least one glyceride contains between 1 and 2 unsaturated moieties. B116. The composition of B114-B115, wherein the, each, or at least one glyceride contains one (ie, single, one, and only one) unsaturated moiety. B117. The composition of B114 to B116, wherein the, each, or at least one glyceride contains two (ie, two and only two) unsaturated moieties. B118. The composition according to B114 to B117, comprising two glycerides, a first glyceride having one (i.e., one and only one) unsaturated moiety and a second glyceride having two (i.e., two and only two) unsaturated moieties. Suitably, the respective first and second glycerides may be present in one of the weight ratios set forth above. B119. The composition according to B114 to B118, wherein the, each, or at least one unsaturated moiety is an alkene moiety. B120. The composition of B119, wherein the, each, or at least one alkene moiety is a cis-alkene moiety. B121. The composition of B87 to B120, wherein each, or at least one, glyceride comprises one, two, or three fatty acids (preferably one or two fatty acids in the case of mono- and / or diglycerides, respectively, and preferably only one fatty acid in the case of mono-glycerides) condensed with glycerol. B122. The composition of B121, wherein the, each, or at least one fatty acid is an aliphatic fatty acid. B123. The composition of B121, wherein the, or each, or at least one fatty acid is a straight-chain (ie, unbranched) fatty acid. B124. This, each, or at least one fatty acid is C6-C 30The composition according to B121 to B123, wherein the fatty acid is a fatty acid (ie, having a carbon chain length of 6 to 30 carbons including a carboxylate carbon). B125. This, each, or at least one fatty acid is C8-C 20 The composition according to B121 to B124, which is a fatty acid. B126. This, each, or at least one fatty acid is C 18 The composition according to B121 to B125, which is a fatty acid. B127. The composition of B121 to B126, wherein the, each, or at least one fatty acid contains one or more unsaturated moieties. B128. The composition according to B127, wherein the, each, or at least one fatty acid contains between 1 and 2 unsaturated moieties. B129. The composition of B127 to B128, wherein the, each, or at least one fatty acid contains one (ie, single, one, and only one) unsaturated moiety. B130. The composition of B127 to B129, wherein the, each, or at least one fatty acid contains two (ie, two and only two) unsaturated moieties. B131. The composition according to B127 to B130, comprising a first glyceride comprising a fatty acid having one or more unsaturated moieties (preferably only a single fatty acid, such as a mono-glyceride), and a second glyceride comprising a fatty acid having one or more unsaturated moieties (preferably only a single fatty acid, such as a mono-glyceride). B132. A composition according to B127 to B131, comprising a first glyceride comprising a fatty acid having one (i.e., one and only one) unsaturated moiety (preferably only a single fatty acid, such as a mono-glyceride), and a second glyceride comprising a fatty acid having two (i.e., two and only two) unsaturated moieties (preferably only a single fatty acid, such as a mono-glyceride). B133. The composition according to B127 to B132, wherein the, each, or at least one unsaturated moiety is an alkene moiety. B134. The composition of B133, wherein the, each, or at least one alkene moiety is a cis-alkene moiety. B135. The composition of B127 to B134, wherein the, each, or at least one fatty acid is oleic acid. B136. The composition of B127 to B135, wherein the, each, or at least one fatty acid is linoleic acid. B137. The composition of B1 to B136, comprising glyceryl monooleate (monoolein). B138. The composition of B1 to B137, comprising glyceryl monolinoleate (monolinolein). B139. The composition of B1 to B138, comprising glyceryl monooleate (monoolein) and glyceryl monolinoleate (monolinolein). B140. The composition according to B139, comprising glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a weight ratio of between 1:99 and 90:10. B141. The composition according to B139, comprising glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a weight ratio of between 10:90 and 50:50. B142. The composition according to B139, comprising glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a weight ratio of between 20:80 and 40:60. B143. The composition according to B139, comprising glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a weight ratio of between 25:75 and 35:65. B144. The composition according to B139, comprising glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate in a weight ratio of between 27:73 and 30:70.

[0337] Solvent / Water B145. The composition according to B1 to B144, comprising a solvent, preferably water. B146. The composition according to B145, wherein the solvent is a polar solvent. B147. The composition according to B146, wherein the polar solvent is a protic solvent. B148. The composition according to B147, wherein the protic solvent is water.

[0338] Additional ingredients (or ingredients whose presence is restricted) B149. A composition according to B1 to B148, comprising one or more additional ingredients (or otherwise characterised by a maximum amount / concentration / ratio of said one or more additional ingredients, in which case said additional ingredients may be absent or may comprise a specified maximum amount thereof). B150. The composition of B149, wherein the one or more additional components comprise one or more components selected from the group consisting of an additional active agent, an additional lipid (e.g., a fatty acid), a natural oil, a bile salt (and / or bile acid), a hydrophilic molecule, a hydrophobic molecule, an amphiphilic molecule, a surfactant, or any combination thereof. B151. The composition of B1 to B148, consisting solely of GRAS grade components, excluding the active agent or curcumin compound.

[0339] Additional lipids (or glycerides) B152. The composition of B149 to B151, wherein the one or more additional components comprises one or more additional lipids. B153. The composition according to B152, wherein the one or more additional lipids comprise one or more glycerides other than defined glycerides (e.g., glycerides defined in B87 to B144), suitably said one or more glycerides other than defined glycerides may be referred to as "undefined" glycerides. B154. The composition according to B153, wherein the weight ratio of unspecified glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than those specified in B87 to B144) to specified glycerides (e.g., glycerides specified in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 50:50 (i.e., the weight ratio is 50:50 or less). B155. The composition according to B153, wherein the weight ratio of unspecified glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than those specified in B87 to B144) to specified glycerides (e.g., glycerides specified in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 30:70 (i.e., the weight ratio is 30:70 or less). B156. The composition according to B153, wherein the weight ratio of unspecified glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than those specified in B87 to B144) to specified glycerides (e.g., glycerides specified in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 20:80 (i.e., the weight ratio is 20:80 or less). B157. The composition according to B153, wherein the weight ratio of unspecified glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than those specified in B87 to B144) to specified glycerides (e.g., glycerides specified in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 15:85 (i.e., the weight ratio is 15:85 or less). B158. The composition according to B153, wherein the weight ratio of unspecified glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than those specified in B87 to B144) to specified glycerides (e.g., glycerides specified in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 10:90 (i.e., the weight ratio is 10:90 or less). B159. The composition according to B153, wherein the weight ratio of unspecified glycerides (e.g., glycerides other than those specified in B87 to B144) to specified glycerides (e.g., glycerides specified in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 5:95 (i.e., the weight ratio is 5:95 or less). B160. The composition according to B152, wherein the one or more additional lipids comprise one or more lipids other than defined glycerides (e.g., glycerides defined in B87 to B144), suitably wherein said one or more lipids other than defined lipids may be referred to as "undefined" lipids. B161. The composition according to B160, wherein the weight ratio of unspecified lipid (e.g., lipid other than the glycerides specified in B87 to B144) to specified glyceride (e.g., the glyceride specified in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 50:50 (i.e., the weight ratio is 50:50 or less). B162. The composition according to B160, wherein the weight ratio of unspecified lipid (e.g., lipid other than the glycerides specified in B87 to B144) to specified glyceride (e.g., the glyceride specified in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 30:70 (i.e., the weight ratio is 30:70 or less). B163. The composition according to B160, wherein the weight ratio of unspecified lipid (e.g., lipid other than the glycerides specified in B87 to B144) to specified glyceride (e.g., the glyceride specified in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 20:80 (i.e., the weight ratio is 20:80 or less). B164. The composition according to B160, wherein the weight ratio of unspecified lipid (e.g., lipid other than the glycerides specified in B87 to B144) to specified glyceride (e.g., the glyceride specified in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 15:85 (i.e., the weight ratio is 15:85 or less). B165. The composition according to B160, wherein the weight ratio of unspecified lipid (e.g., lipid other than the glycerides specified in B87 to B144) to specified glyceride (e.g., the glyceride specified in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 10:90 (i.e., the weight ratio is 10:90 or less). B166. The composition according to B160, wherein the weight ratio of unspecified lipid (e.g., lipid other than the glycerides specified in B87 to B144) to specified glyceride (e.g., the glyceride specified in B87 to B144) is between 0:100 and 5:95 (i.e., the weight ratio is 5:95 or less).

[0340] Additional activators B167. The composition of B149 to B151, wherein the one or more additional ingredients comprises an additional active ingredient (eg, in addition to the curcumin compound). B168. The composition according to B167, wherein the additional active ingredient is other than a (different) curcumin compound. B169. The composition according to B167 to B168, wherein the additional active ingredient is derived from or is a constituent part of turmeric. B170. The composition according to B167 to B169, wherein the additional active ingredient is or comprises turmeron. B171. The composition of B149 to B170 comprising one or more turmerons. B172. The composition according to B149 to B168, which does not contain turmeron or contains 10% or less by weight of turmeron. B173. The composition according to B149 to B168, which does not contain turmeron or contains 1% or less by weight of turmeron. B174. The composition according to B149 to B168, which does not contain turmeron or contains 0.1% or less by weight of turmeron. B175. The composition according to B149 to B168, which does not contain turmeron or contains 0.01% or less by weight of turmeron.

[0341] Additional surfactants B176. The composition according to B149 to B175, wherein the one or more additional ingredients comprise a surfactant. Preferably, in the context of the term "surfactant", this excludes glycerides, or at least excludes any defined / specified glycerides. B177. The composition according to B176, wherein the surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant. B178. The composition according to B176, wherein the surfactant is a nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohols, fatty alcohol ethers, fatty acid esters, fatty acid amides, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, nonionic block copolymers, alpha-tocopherol, polyglycerol esters, sucrose esters, saponins (e.g., saponin), and any combination thereof. B179. The composition according to B176, wherein the surfactant is a non-ionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohols, fatty alcohol ethers, fatty acid esters, fatty acid amides, alpha-tocopherol, polyglycerol esters, sucrose esters, saponins (e.g., saponin), and any combination thereof. B180. The composition according to B176, wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of polyglycerol esters, sucrose esters, saponins (eg, saponin), and any combination thereof. B181. The composition according to B176, wherein the surfactant is a saponin (eg, saponin). B182. The composition of B176 to B181, with the proviso that the surfactant is not a PEG-based surfactant (eg, the surfactant does not comprise a polyethylene glycol polymer or copolymer block of polyethylene glycol). B183. The composition of B176 to B181, with the proviso that the surfactant is not a poloxamer. B184. The composition of B176 to B181, with the proviso that the surfactant is not poloxamer 407. B185. The composition of B176 to B181, except that the surfactant is not Polysorbate 20. B186. The composition of B176 to B181, with the proviso that the surfactant is not PEG-40 castor oil (eg, not Killiphor RH40). B187. The composition according to B176 to B186, wherein the surfactant is present in a concentration of 0.001 to 10% by weight of the total composition (preferably when the composition contains 45% or more by weight of water). B188. The composition according to B176 to B186, wherein the surfactant is present in a concentration of 0.01 to 2% by weight of the total composition (preferably when the composition contains 45% or more by weight of water). B189. The composition according to B176 to B186, wherein the surfactant is present in a concentration of 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of the total composition (preferably when the composition contains 45% or more by weight of water). B190. The composition according to B176 to B186, wherein the surfactant is present in a concentration of 0.4 to 1% by weight of the total composition (preferably when the composition contains 45% or more by weight of water). B191. A composition according to B1 to B186 comprising up to 1% by weight of a surfactant, preferably up to 1% by weight of any surfactant as defined in any of B176 to B186. B192. A composition according to B1 to B186 comprising up to 0.1% by weight of a surfactant, preferably up to 0.1% by weight of any surfactant as defined in any of B176 to B186. B193. A composition according to B1 to B186 comprising up to 0.01% by weight of a surfactant, preferably up to 0.01% by weight of any surfactant as defined in any of B176 to B186. B194. A composition according to B1 to B186 comprising up to 0.001% by weight of a surfactant, preferably up to 0.001% by weight of any surfactant as defined in any of B176 to B186. B195. The composition according to B1 to B173, which is surfactant-free, preferably does not contain any surfactant as defined in any of B176 to B186.

[0342] additional oil B196. The composition of B149 to B195, wherein the one or more additional ingredients include one or more oils. B197. The composition according to B196, wherein the oil comprises or consists of a natural oil. B198. A composition according to B196 to B197, wherein the oil comprises or consists of an organic oil (preferably an animal or vegetable oil). B199. Organic oils Common vegetable oils: coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, olive oil, palm oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil (including canola oil), safflower oil, sesame oil, soybean oil (or soybean oil), sunflower oil; Nut oils: almond oil, beech nut oil, Brazil nut oil, cashew oil, hazelnut oil, macadamia oil, mongongo nut oil, pecan oil, pine nut oil, pistachio oil, walnut oil; Citrus oils: grapefruit seed oil, lemon oil, orange oil, Cucurbit oils: bitter melon oil, bottle gourd oil, buffalo pumpkin oil, butternut squash seed oil, egusi seed oil, pumpkin seed oil, watermelon seed oil; Dietary Supplement Oils: Acai Oil, Black Seed Oil, Blackcurrant Seed Oil, Borage Seed Oil, Evening Primrose Oil, Flaxseed Oil; Other edible oils: amaranth oil, apricot oil, apple seed oil, argan oil, avocado oil, babassu oil, ben oil, tenkawan oil, cape chestnut oil, carob pod oil (carob oil), cocoa butter, cocklebur oil, cohuna palm oil, coriander seed oil, date palm seed oil, dika oil, cabbage oil, grape seed oil, hemp oil, kapok seed oil, kenaf seed oil, lalemantia oil, mafra oil, marula oil, meadowfoam seed oil, mustard oil (pressed), niger seed oil oil, poppy seed oil, nutmeg butter, okra seed oil, papaya seed oil, perilla seed oil, persimmon seed oil, peki oil, pili nut oil, pomegranate seed oil, poppy seed oil, prakashi oil, virgin prakashi oil, prune kernel oil, quinoa oil, ramtil oil, rice bran oil, roil oil, shea nut, sacha inchi oil, sapote oil, ceje oil, shea butter, taramira oil, tea seed oil (camellia oil), thistle oil, tiger nut oil (or nut edge oil), tobacco seed oil, tomato seed oil, wheat germ oil; Multipurpose oils: castor oil, palm oil (copra oil), rapeseed oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, flaxseed oil, hemp oil, mustard oil, palm oil, peanut oil, radish oil, rapeseed oil, ramet's oil, rice bran oil, safflower oil, saliconia oil, soybean oil (or soybean oil), sunflower oil, tiger nut oil, tung oil; Non-edible oils: copaiba, jatropha oil, jojoba oil, milkbush, nahor oil, paradise oil, petroleum nut oil, pongamia oil (also known as honge oil); Drying oils: dammar oil, linseed oil, poppy seed oil, cowpea oil, tung oil, vernonia oil; and Other vegetable oils: Yellowfin berry oil, artichoke oil, Astrocaryum murumuru oil, Balanos oil, Bladderpod oil, Bursea javanica oil, Burdock oil, Buriti oil, Candlenut oil (Kukui nut oil), Carrot seed oil (pressed), Castor oil, Daphne oil, Crambe oil, Croton oil (Hazu oil), Cuphea oil, Cupuacu butter, Honesti oil, Illipe butter, Jojoba oil, Mango oil, Mowa butter, Neem oil, Ojon oil, Passion fruit oil, Rosehip seed oil, Rubber seed oil, Seabuckthorn oil, Sea rocket seed oil, Snowball seed oil (Viburnum oil), Tall oil, Tamanu or Foraha oil, Tonka bean oil (Kumaru oil), Tucuma butter, Ukuba seed oil, Moringa oil (or any combination thereof). B200. The composition of B199, wherein the organic oil is moringa oil, palm oil, sunflower oil, avocado oil, or any combination thereof. B201. The composition of B199, wherein the organic oil is moringa oil, palm oil, sunflower oil, avocado oil, soybean oil, corn oil, or any combination thereof. B202. The composition according to B199, wherein the organic oil is moringa oil. B203. The composition according to B199, wherein the organic oil is coconut oil. B204. The composition according to B199, wherein the organic oil is sunflower oil. B205. The composition according to B199, wherein the organic oil is avocado oil. B206. The composition according to B199, wherein the organic oil is soybean oil (or soybean oil). B207. The composition according to B199, wherein the organic oil is corn oil. B208. A composition according to B196 to B207, wherein the one or more oils is a single oil. B209. A composition according to B196 to B208, comprising 0.1 to 70% by weight of oil. B210. A composition according to B196 to B208 comprising 1 to 60% by weight of oil. B211. A composition according to B196 to B208 comprising 2 to 50% by weight of oil. B212. A composition according to B196 to B208 comprising 1 to 70% by weight of oil. B213. A composition according to B196 to B208 comprising 2 to 60% by weight of oil. B214. A composition according to B196 to B208 comprising 3 to 50% by weight of oil. B215. A composition according to B196 to B208 comprising 1 to 30% by weight of oil. B216. A composition according to B196 to B208 comprising 2 to 20% by weight of oil. B217. A composition according to B196 to B208, comprising 3 to 10% by weight of oil. B218. A composition according to B196 to B208 comprising 1 to 50% by weight of oil. B219. The composition according to B196 to B208, comprising 2 to 40% by weight of oil. B220. The composition according to B196 to B208, comprising 3 to 30% by weight of oil. B221. When subject to B78 or any paragraph dependent thereon, a composition according to B196 to B220, wherein the weight ratio of the specified glyceride to oil is from 99:1 to 1:99. B222. A composition according to B196 to B221, when subject to B87 or any paragraph subordinate thereto, wherein the weight ratio of the specified glyceride to oil is from 99:1 to 30:70. B223. The composition according to B222, wherein the weight ratio of the specified glyceride to oil is 95:5 and 30:70. B224. The composition according to B222, wherein the weight ratio of the specified glyceride to oil is 95:5 to 50:40. B225. The composition according to B222, wherein the weight ratio of the specified glyceride to oil is from 90:10 to 50:50. B226. The composition according to B222, wherein the weight ratio of the specified glyceride to oil is 90:10 to 60:40.

[0343] Additional bile acids or bile salts B227. The composition according to B149 to B226, wherein the one or more additional components comprise bile acids and / or bile salts, either individually or in mixtures.

[0344] Extra aloe vera B228. The composition according to any one of B149 to B227, wherein the one or more additional ingredients comprises Aloe vera, preferably in the form of an Aloe vera gel. In such embodiments, the composition preferably comprises 0.001 to 50% by weight of a curcumin compound, more preferably 0.01 to 10% by weight of a curcumin compound, and most preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight of a curcumin compound. B229. The composition according to B228, further comprising a gum, preferably xanthan gum. B230. The composition according to B228 to B229, further comprising glycerol, preferably vegetable glycerol. B231. When subject to B78 or any paragraph dependent thereon, a composition according to B228 to B230, wherein the weight ratio of the specified glyceride to aloe vera is from 99:1 to 1:99. B232. When subject to B78 or any paragraph dependent thereon, a composition according to B228 to B230, wherein the weight ratio of the specified glyceride to aloe vera is from 99:1 to 30:70. B233. When subject to B78 or any paragraph dependent thereon, a composition according to B228 to B230, wherein the weight ratio of the specified glyceride to aloe vera is from 95:5 to 30:70. B234. When subject to B78 or any paragraph dependent thereon, a composition according to B228 to B230, wherein the weight ratio of the specified glyceride to aloe vera is from 90:10 to 30:70. B235. When subject to B78 or any paragraph dependent thereon, a composition according to B228 to B230, wherein the weight ratio of the specified glyceride to aloe vera is 60:40 to 40:60. B236. The composition of B230 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, wherein the gum (preferably xanthan gum) and glycerol are present in the composition in a weight ratio of between 10:1 and 1:10. B237. The composition of B230 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, wherein the gum (preferably xanthan gum) and glycerol are present in the composition in a weight ratio of between 5:1 and 1:1. B238. The composition of B230 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, wherein the gum (preferably xanthan gum) and glycerol are present in the composition in a weight ratio of about 3:1. B239. The composition of B230 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, wherein the weight ratio of aloe vera to the total weight of gum (preferably xanthan gum) and glycerol is between 1:1 and 30:1. B240. The composition of B230 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, wherein the weight ratio of aloe vera to the total weight of gum (preferably xanthan gum) and glycerol is between 5:1 and 20:1. B241. The composition according to B228 to B240, comprising 0.1 to 70% by weight of aloe vera. B242. A composition according to B228 to B240 comprising 1 to 60% by weight of aloe vera. B243. A composition according to B228 to B240 comprising 2 to 50% by weight of aloe vera. B244. The composition according to B228 to B240, comprising 20 to 80% by weight of aloe vera. B245. A composition according to B228 to B240 comprising 30-70% by weight of aloe vera. B246. The composition according to B228 to B240, comprising 40 to 60% by weight of aloe vera.

[0345] Absent / Low Levels of Components B247. A composition according to B1 to B227, which is substantially (preferably completely) free of polymers. B248. The composition according to B1 to B227, which is substantially, preferably completely, free of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). B249. The composition according to B1 to B227, which is substantially, preferably completely, free of polyalkylene glycols (eg, polyethylene glycol and / or polypropylene glycol). B250. The composition according to B1 to B227, which is substantially, preferably completely, free of polyalkylene glycol esters (eg, polyethylene glycol and / or polypropylene glycol esters). B251. The composition according to B1 to B227, which is substantially free, preferably completely free, of any compound containing a polyalkylene glycol ester moiety (eg, a polyethylene glycol and / or polypropylene glycol ester moiety). B252. The composition according to B1 to B227, which is substantially (preferably completely) free of polyethylene glycol. B253. The composition according to B1 to B227, which is substantially (preferably completely) free of polyethylene glycol esters. B254. The composition according to B1 to B227, which is substantially free (preferably completely free) of any compound containing a polyethylene glycol ester moiety. B255. The composition of B1 to B254, which is substantially (preferably completely) free of surfactants. B256. The composition according to B1 to B254, which is substantially (preferably completely) free of poloxamer surfactants. B257. The composition of B1 to B254, which is substantially, preferably completely, free of poloxamer 407 (eg, Pluronic F127). B258. The composition according to B1 to B254, which is substantially, preferably completely, free of polysorbate surfactants. B259. The composition according to B1 to B254, which is substantially, preferably completely, free of polysorbate 20. B260. The composition of B1 to B254, wherein the composition is substantially, preferably completely, free of PEG-40 castor oil (eg, Killiphor RH40, Cremophor RH40) surfactant. B261. The composition according to B1 to B254, which is substantially, preferably completely, free of poloxamer and polysorbate surfactants. B262. The composition of B1 to B254, which is substantially, preferably completely, free of poloxamers, polysorbates, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactants. B263. A composition according to B1 to B254 comprising up to 3% by weight of a surfactant, preferably up to 3% by weight of any surfactant as defined in any of B255 to B262. B264. A composition according to B1 to B254 comprising up to 1% by weight of a surfactant, preferably up to 1% by weight of any surfactant as defined in any of B255 to B262. B265. A composition according to B1 to B254 comprising up to 0.1% by weight of a surfactant, preferably up to 0.1% by weight of any surfactant as defined in any of B255 to B262. B266. A composition according to B1 to B254 comprising up to 0.01% by weight of a surfactant, preferably up to 0.01% by weight of any surfactant as defined in any of B255 to B262. B267. A composition according to B1 to B254 comprising up to 0.001% by weight of a surfactant, preferably up to 0.001% by weight of any surfactant as defined in any of B255 to B262. B268. The composition according to B1 to B267, which is substantially free (preferably completely free) of lipids other than the defined lipids. B269. The composition according to B1 to B268, which is substantially, preferably completely, free of solvents other than water (ie, liquid compounds in SATP).

[0346] Structure, state, and properties of curcumin / glycerides Insofar as it is dependent on B270.B1 to B69 (i.e., the resulting composition contains both a curcumin compound and a glyceride), a composition according to B87 to B144 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, wherein the curcumin compound (or its relevant subdefinition) is solubilized and / or encapsulated within the glyceride (or its relevant subdefinition). B271. The composition according to B270, wherein the curcumin compound is dissolved in a glyceride. B272. The composition of B270 to B271, wherein the curcumin compound is encapsulated in a glyceride. B273. The composition according to B270 to B272, wherein the curcumin compound is both dissolved and encapsulated within a glyceride. B274. The composition according to B270 to B273, comprising a lamellar structure comprising both a curcumin compound and a glyceride. The lamellar structure is particularly prevalent in dehydrated (or low water content) systems. B275. The composition according to B274, which is not transparent (i.e., opaque) in SATP. This is generally due to a predominantly anisotropic structure (e.g., a lamellar structure). B276. The composition of B274 to B275, which is not transparent (ie, opaque) at temperatures within + / - 5°C (preferably + / - 1°C) of the melting point of the composition or the predominant lipid or glyceride. B277. The composition of any one of B274 to B276, which becomes clear when melted (eg, when heated at least 5° C. above the melting point of the composition or the predominant lipid or glyceride). B278. The composition according to B274 to B277, wherein the lamellar structure is characterized by a liquid crystalline fluid lamellar phase containing both a curcumin compound and a glyceride. B279. The composition according to B274 to B278, wherein one or more molecules of the curcumin compound are contained entirely within a single lamella that also contains a glyceride. B280. The composition according to B274 to B279, wherein one or more molecules of the curcumin compound bridge two separate lamellae each containing a glyceride (i.e., such molecules of the curcumin compound are only partially contained within a single lamella). B281. The composition according to B270 to B272, comprising both the curcumin compound and the glyceride in a cubic phase, preferably a bicontinuous cubic Pn3m phase. Such a cubic phase is particularly prevalent in hydrated (water-containing or high water content, especially greater than 20% by weight) systems. B282. The composition according to B281, comprising several lamellar structures containing both curcumin compounds and glycerides. B283. The composition according to B281 to B282, which is not transparent in SATP, which is generally due to the predominantly anisotropic structure of the lamellar structure. B284. The composition of B281 to B283, which is or becomes transparent at 40°C or above, preferably 30°C or above. This is preferably due to the lamellar structure converting back to a substantially isotropic bicontinuous cubic Pn3m phase. This transparent behavior generally persists until very high curcumin contents are reached (e.g., 200 mg / g or more of curcumin compounds, or a 200:1000 weight ratio of curcumin compounds to glycerides or greater), at which point the composition becomes more opaque.

[0347] Concentration of curcumin compounds B285. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 0.001-50% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B286. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 0.01 to 40% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B287. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 0.1-30% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B288. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 0.01-10% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B289. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 0.001-3% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B290. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 0.01 to 1% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B291. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 0.1-4% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B292. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 0.1-5% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B293. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 0.001-2% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B294. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 0.005 to 1% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B295. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 0.01-0.1% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B296. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 15-40% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B297. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 0.1 to 1% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B298. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 0.5 to 1.5% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B299. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 1-10% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B30. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 0.5-10% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B301. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 0.1-3% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B302. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 0.5 to 1.5% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B303. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 0.5-5% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B304. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 1-2% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B305. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 10-30% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B306. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 17.5 to 22.5% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B307. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 0.005 to 0.5% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B308. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 0.01-0.1% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B309. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 0.1-3% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B310. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, comprising 0.5 to 1.7% by weight of a curcumin compound (preferably curcumin). B311. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, wherein the curcumin compound (preferably curcumin) is present in the composition at a concentration of between 0.5 and 800 mg / g (i.e., 0.05 to 80% by weight of the total weight of the composition). B312. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, wherein the curcumin compound (preferably curcumin) is present in the composition at a concentration of between 10 and 500 mg / g. B313. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, wherein the curcumin compound (preferably curcumin) is present in the composition at a concentration of 3.5 mg / g or more (i.e., 0.35% by weight or more of the total weight of the composition). B314. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, wherein the curcumin compound (preferably curcumin) is present in the composition at a concentration of 0.1 mg / g or greater. B315. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, wherein the curcumin compound (preferably curcumin) is present in the composition at a concentration of 1 mg / g or greater. B316. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, wherein the curcumin compound (preferably curcumin) is present in the composition at a concentration of 5 mg / g or greater. B317. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, wherein the curcumin compound (preferably curcumin) is present in the composition at a concentration of 10 mg / g or greater. B318. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, wherein the curcumin compound (preferably curcumin) is present in the composition at a concentration of 15 mg / g or greater. B319. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, wherein the curcumin compound (preferably curcumin) is present in the composition at a concentration of 30 mg / g or greater. B320. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, wherein the curcumin compound (preferably curcumin) is present in the composition at a concentration of 60 mg / g or greater. B321. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, wherein the curcumin compound (preferably curcumin) is present in the composition at a concentration of 70 mg / g or greater. B322. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, wherein the curcumin compound (preferably curcumin) is present in the composition at a concentration of 100 mg / g or greater. B323. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, wherein the curcumin compound (preferably curcumin) is present in the composition at a concentration of 300 mg / g or greater. B324. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, wherein the curcumin compound (preferably curcumin) is present in the composition at a concentration of 600 mg / g or less. B325. The composition of B1 to B69 or any preceding paragraph dependent thereon, wherein the curcumin compound (preferably curcumin) is present in the composition at a concentration o...

Claims

1. 1. A composition comprising a curcumin compound and one or more monoglycerides, wherein at least one of the one or more monoglycerides comprises at least one cis-alkene moiety; However, the composition is not a dietary supplement, a food additive, or a food product.

2. The one or more monoglycerides have at least one cis-alkene ８ ~C ２０ 10. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is one or more monoglycerides having a fatty acid moiety.

3. The one or more monoglycerides are a first monoglyceride and a second monoglyceride, each having at least one cis-alkene. ８ ~C ２０ The composition of claim 2 having a fatty acid moiety.

4. 4. The composition of claim 3, wherein the one or more monoglycerides are glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate.

5. 5. The composition of claim 4, wherein the glyceryl monooleate and glyceryl monolinoleate are present in a weight ratio of between 10:90 and 90:

10.

6. 10. The composition of claim 1, comprising 0.01 to 40% by weight of the curcumin compound, or 0.1 to 30% by weight of the curcumin compound.

7. 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the curcumin compound to the monoglyceride is between 0.5:1000 and 800:1000, or between 30:1000 and 500:1000, or between 200:1000 and 600:1000.

8. 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the defined monoglycerides comprise at least 85% by weight of the total amount of lipids present in the composition.

9. The composition of claim 1 comprising 10 to 60% by weight of water.

10. 10. The composition of claim 1, wherein at least 50% by weight of the composition is comprised of the defined ingredients (curcumin compound, monoglyceride, any water present, and any further defined ingredients).

11. 10. The composition of claim 1, which is free of poloxamer, polysorbate, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactant, or contains up to 1% by weight of poloxamer, polysorbate, and PEG-40 castor oil surfactant.

12. 2. The composition of claim 1, which is free of any compound containing a polyalkylene glycol ester moiety (e.g., a polyethylene glycol and / or polypropylene glycol ester moiety), and preferably is free of polyvinyl alcohol.

13. The curcumin compound has Formula I: 【Chemistry 1】 (In the formula, Each R １ａ , R １ｂ , R ２ａ , and R ２ｂ The group is any R ＯＸ groups, and / or R １ａ / R ２ａ and / or R １ｂ / R ２ｂ either or both pairs join to form an optionally substituted heterocyclic or heteroaryl ring; Each R ３ａ , R ３ｂ , R ４ａ , R ４ｂ , R ５ａ , R ５ｂ , R ６ａ , R ６ｂ , R ７ａ , and R ７ｂ The group is any R ＣＡＲ groups, and / or R ３ａ / R ４ａ and / or R ３ｂ / R ４ｂ either or both pairs join to form an optionally substituted cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclic, or heteroaryl ring; Each R ＯＸ The group may be selected from hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, formyl, carboxy, carbamoyl, (1-8C) alkyl, (2-8C) alkenyl, (2-8C) alkynyl, (1-8C) hydroxyalkyl, (1-6C) alkylsulfinyl, (1-6C) alkylsulfonyl, (1-6C) alkoxycarbonyl, N—(1-6C) alkylcarbamoyl, N,N-di-[(1-6C) alkyl]carbamoyl, (2-6C) alkanoyl, N,N-di-[(1-6C) alkyl]sulfamoyl, or a group of the formula: ＿ L １ａ＿ X １ａ (In the formula, L １ａ is non-existent or SO, SO ２ , CO, CH(OR Ａ ), CON(R Ａ ), N(R Ａ ) CO, SO ２ N (R Ａ ) (wherein, R Ａ is hydrogen or (1-8C)alkyl; X １ａ is aryl, aryl-(1-6C)alkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkyl-(1-6C)alkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkenyl, (3-8C)cycloalkenyl-(1-6C)alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-(1-6C)alkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclyl-(1-6C)alkyl). is selected from the group Any R ＯＸ The group may be one or more R ＣＡＲ optionally further substituted with a group; Each R ＣＡＲ The group may be hydrogen, halogeno, trifluoromethyl, cyano, isocyano, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, amino, formyl, carboxy, carbamoyl, ureido, (1-8C) alkyl, (2-8C) alkenyl, (2-8C) alkynyl, (1-8C) hydroxyalkyl, (1-6C) alkoxy, (1-6C) alkylamino, (1-6C) dialkylamino, (2-6C) alkenyloxy, , (2-6C)alkynyloxy, (1-6C)alkylthio, (1-6C)alkylsulfinyl, (1-6C)alkylsulfonyl, (1-6C)alkylamino, di-[(1-6C)alkyl]amino, (1-6C)alkoxycarbonyl, N-(1-6C)alkylcarbamoyl, N,N-di-[(1-6C)alkyl]carbamoyl, (2-6C)alkanoyl, (2-6C)alkanoyl N-(1-6C)alkyl-(2-6C)alkanoylamino, (3-6C)alkenoylamino, N-(1-6C)alkyl-(3-6C)alkenoylamino, (3-6C)alkynoylamino, N-(1-6C)alkyl-(3-6C)alkynoylamino, N'-(1-6C)alkylureido, N',N'-di-[(1-6C)alkyl]ureido ureido, N-(1-6C)alkylureido, N,N'-di-[(1-6C)alkyl]ureido, N,N',N'-tri-[(1-6C)alkyl]ureido, N-(1-6C)alkylsulfamoyl, N,N-di-[(1-6C)alkyl]sulfamoyl, (1-6C)alkanesulfonylamino, and N-(1-6C)alkyl-(1-6C)alkanesulfonylamino, or a group of the formula: ＿ L ２ａ＿ X ２ａ (In the formula, L ２ａ is absent or O, S, SO, SO ２ , N(R Ｂ ), CO, C(O)O, CH(OR Ｂ ), CON(R Ｂ ), N(R Ｂ ) CO, N(R Ｂ ) CON (R Ｂ ), SO ２ N (R Ｂ ), N(R Ｂ ) SO ２ , OC(R Ｂ ) ２ , SC(R Ｂ ) ２ , and N(R Ｂ ) C (R Ｂ ) ２ (In the formula, R Ｂ is hydrogen or (1-8C)alkyl; X ２ａ is aryl, aryl-(1-6C)alkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkyl-(1-6C)alkyl, (3-8C)cycloalkenyl, (3-8C)cycloalkenyl-(1-6C)alkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-(1-6C)alkyl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclyl-(1-6C)alkyl). is selected from the group Any R ＣＡＲ The group may be one or more R ＣＡＲ optionally further substituted with a group; Optionally, OR １ａ and / or OR １ｂ wherein either or both of the groups are replaced by hydrogen (e.g., dealkoxy analogs) or any pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

14. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the curcumin compound is curcumin.

15. 2. The composition of claim 1, which is free of turmeron or contains 1% by weight or less of turmeron.

16. The composition of claim 1 , comprising a bile salt (and / or a bile acid).

17. The composition of claim 1 comprising one or more oils.

18. 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of undefined lipid (i.e., lipid other than the one or more monoglycerides defined in claim 1) to defined monoglyceride (i.e., the one or more monoglycerides defined in claim 1) is between 0:100 and 15:85 (i.e., the weight ratio is 15:85 or less).

19. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is a topical composition, the topical composition being a cream, gel formulation, foam, ointment, spray, perfume (e.g., perfume, aftershave, cologne, or eau de toilette), salve, and / or film, most preferably a cream or ointment, that is intended to be applied to the skin or a body cavity and not intended to be taken orally.

20. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is an ingestible composition, the ingestible composition being selected from (or incorporated into) a product selected from) a lozenge, a gel, a jelly, a pastille, a tablet, a capsule (e.g., a capsule containing the composition), toffee, nougat, chewing candy, and / or chewing gum.

21. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is a nutritional supplement composition.

22. 10. The composition of claim 1 for use as a medicine or for use in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, prion diseases, spinal muscular atrophy, conditions caused by amyloid or amyloid plaques, inflammation, microbial infections (e.g. the composition as an antimicrobial composition), viral infections, fungal infections, depression, cancer (in particular breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, colon cancer, multiple myeloma, myeloid leukemia, and colorectal cancer), anaphylaxis, arthritis, osteoarthritis, acne, and / or eczema.

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