Congestion notification method, apparatus, device and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure proposes a congestion notification method, an apparatus, a device, and a storage medium, which relate to the field of communication technologies. When congestion occurs, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node. Therefore, the method provided by the present disclosure enables a core network device to obtain congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enables the core network device or an application server to timely adjust rates based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving service quality.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and more particularly to a congestion notification method / apparatus / device and storage medium. [Background technology]

[0002] For XR (Extended Reality) services, the mark of L4S (Low Latency Low Loss Scalable throughput) variation is introduced to enable applications to use useful information for rate adjustment. The useful information is transmitted to the application server by the core network device, allowing the application server to adjust the data rate in a timely manner based on the useful information, thereby reducing the latency of XR services.

[0003] In the related art, variations of the L4S mark include the following methods: Method 1: L4S marking at NG-RAN (Next Generation Radio Access Network) nodes. Method 2: Information provided based on NG-RAN is L4S marked by the PSA UPF (User plane function) network element. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The congestion notification method / apparatus / device and storage medium proposed by the present disclosure are used to solve the technical problem that core network devices cannot obtain congestion information in a wireless separation architecture.

[0005] According to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a congestion notification method, performed by a first node, comprising transmitting congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs.

[0006] In the congestion notification method provided by the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in the method provided by the present disclosure, whether the method 1 and / or method 2 proposed above is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or application server to timely adjust the rate based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving the service quality of the service.

[0007] According to a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a congestion notification method, the method comprising: receiving congestion-related information transmitted from a first node, the congestion-related information being for instructing the second node to perform a congestion-related action; and performing the congestion-related action based on the congestion-related information.

[0008] According to a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a congestion notification method, comprising: a step, performed by a third node, of sending congestion report request information to a first node, wherein the congestion report request information is for indicating whether the first node needs to perform congestion monitoring and / or whether the congestion-related information needs to be sent to the second node.

[0009] According to a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication apparatus, the apparatus including: a transmitting module configured in a first node, for transmitting congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs.

[0010] According to a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication device, the device being configured in a second node and including: a receiving module for receiving congestion-related information transmitted from a first node, wherein the congestion-related information is for instructing the second node to perform a congestion-related operation; and an executing module for performing the congestion-related operation based on the congestion-related information.

[0011] According to a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication apparatus, the apparatus including: a transmitting module configured in a third node for transmitting congestion report request information to a first node, wherein the congestion report request information is for indicating whether the first node needs to transmit the congestion-related information to the second node.

[0012] According to a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication device, the communication device including a processor, which executes the method according to the first aspect above when the processor invokes a computer program in a memory.

[0013] According to an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication device, the communication device including a processor, which executes the method according to the second aspect above when the processor invokes a computer program in a memory.

[0014] According to a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication device, the communication device including a processor, wherein the processor executes the method according to the third aspect above when the processor invokes a computer program in a memory.

[0015] According to a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication device, the communication device including a processor and a memory, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor executes the computer program stored in the memory to cause the communication device to perform the method according to the first aspect above.

[0016] According to an eleventh aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication device, the communication device including a processor and a memory, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor executes the computer program stored in the memory to cause the communication device to perform the method according to the second aspect above.

[0017] According to a twelfth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication device, the communication device including a processor and a memory, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor executes the computer program stored in the memory to cause the communication device to perform the method according to the third aspect above.

[0018] According to a thirteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication device, the device including a processor and an interface circuit, the interface circuit receiving and transmitting code instructions to the processor, and the processor executing the code instructions, thereby causing the device to perform the method according to the first aspect above.

[0019] According to a fourteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication device, the device including a processor and an interface circuit, the interface circuit receiving and transmitting code instructions to the processor, and the processor executing the code instructions, thereby causing the device to perform the method according to the second aspect above.

[0020] According to a fifteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication device, the device including a processor and an interface circuit, the interface circuit receiving and transmitting code instructions to the processor, and the processor executing the code instructions, thereby causing the device to perform the method according to the third aspect above.

[0021] According to a sixteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication system, the system including a communication device according to the third aspect to a communication device according to the fourth aspect, or the system including a communication device according to the seventh aspect to a communication device according to the ninth aspect, or the system including a communication device according to the tenth aspect to a communication device according to the twelfth aspect, or the system including a communication device according to the thirteenth aspect to a communication device according to the fifteenth aspect.

[0022] According to a seventeenth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing instructions for use by the above network device, the instructions, when executed, causing the terminal device to perform a method according to any one of the first to third aspects above.

[0023] According to an eighteenth aspect, the present disclosure further provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method according to any one of the first to third aspects above.

[0024] According to a nineteenth aspect, the present disclosure provides a chip system, the chip system including at least one processor and an interface to support a network device implementing the functionality of the method according to any one of the first to third aspects, such as determining or processing at least one of the data and information according to the above method. In one possible design, the chip system further includes a memory, the memory storing computer programs and data required for the source secondary node. The chip system may be configured on a chip or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0025] According to a twentieth aspect, the present disclosure further provides a computer program which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to carry out the method according to any one of the first to third aspects above. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0026] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent and easier to understand from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2a] 4 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2b] 4 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] 1 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] 1 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] 4 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] 1 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] 1 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] 1 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] 4 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] 1 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 11] 1 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 12] 4 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 13] 4 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 14] 1 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 15] 1 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 16] 4 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 17] 1 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 18] 4 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 19] FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 20] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 21] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 22] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of user equipment provided by one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 23] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a network-side device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0027] Reference will now be made in detail to illustrative embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the drawings. Where the following description refers to the drawings, like numerals in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following illustrative examples do not represent all embodiments consistent with embodiments of the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as set forth in the appended claims.

[0028] The terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure are used to describe particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present disclosure. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" used in the embodiments of the present disclosure and the appended claims are intended to include the plural forms. Furthermore, the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0029] Although various pieces of information may be described using terms such as first, second, and third in the embodiments of the present disclosure, these pieces of information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish between pieces of information of the same type. For example, first information may be referred to as second information without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Similarly, second information may be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the terms "when" and "in response to" used herein may be understood as "at the time of" or "on the occasion of" or "in response to determining."

[0030]

[0023] The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be given, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals throughout indicate the same or similar elements. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative and are intended to explain the present disclosure, but cannot be understood as limiting the present disclosure.

[0031] To better understand the congestion notification method disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure, a communication system to which the embodiments of the present disclosure are applied will be first described below.

[0032] Referring to Figure 1, Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, which may include, but is not limited to, a gNB-CU-CP (the next generation Node B-Central Unit-Control Plane), a gNB-CU-UP (the next generation Node B-Central Unit-User Plane), and a gNB-DU (the next generation Node B-Distributed Unit). Here, the gNB-CU-CP is responsible for the RRC (Radio Resource Control) and PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) control plane functions, the gNB-CU-UP is responsible for the (General Packet Radio Service Tunnel Protocol), SDAP (Service Data Adaptation Protocol) and PDCP user plane functions, and the gNB-DU is responsible for the RLC (Radio Link Control), MAC (Media Access Control) and PHY (Physical Layer) functions.

[0033] It should be noted that the technical solutions according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to various communication systems, such as a long term evolution (LTE) system, a fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system, a 5G new radio (NR) system, or other future new mobile communication systems.

[0034] It should be noted that the communication system described in the embodiments of the present disclosure is intended to more clearly explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and does not limit the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. As can be appreciated by those skilled in the art, with the evolution of system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can also be applied to similar technical problems.

[0035] In addition, when using Method 1 in the related art, a base station can detect uplink congestion based on a Buffer Status Report (BSR) from a User Equipment (UE). However, in a wireless split-architecture network, the BSR is received by a Distributed Unit (DU), and existing mechanisms do not support direct communication between the DU and a core network device. Therefore, in a wireless split-architecture network, the core network device cannot obtain congestion information. When using Method 2 in the related art, existing mechanisms do not support a core network device obtaining congestion information from a base station. Therefore, whether Method 1 or Method 2 is used, existing mechanisms do not support a core network device obtaining congestion information in a wireless split-architecture network. This prevents the core network device or application server from performing timely rate adjustment based on the congestion information, resulting in service delays and packet loss, and thus degrading service quality.

[0036] Hereinafter, a congestion notification method / apparatus / device and storage medium provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] FIG. 2a is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the method is performed by a first node. As shown in FIG. 2a, the congestion notification method may include the following steps:

[0038] Step 201a: if congestion occurs, send congestion-related information to a second node.

[0039] Here, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the congestion-related information may include at least one of a congestion indication (e.g., a congestion start indication, a congestion end indication, or a congestion cause value) for indicating whether congestion has occurred, a congestion degree for indicating the severity and level of the congestion, a congestion time (e.g., a time length or a specific time period) for indicating the duration of the congestion, a recommended bit rate for instructing the sender to perform rate adjustment at the recommended bit rate, an available buffer size for instructing the sender to perform rate adjustment based on the available buffer size, a remaining transmission time for instructing the sender to perform rate adjustment based on the remaining transmission time of the data packet, a data flow direction (e.g., uplink or downlink) corresponding to the congestion, bearer information (e.g., one or more DRB IDs and / or QoS flow IDs and / or PDU session IDs) corresponding to the congestion, and a congestion cause for indicating the cause of the congestion (e.g., a radio link failure or an overload).

[0040] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, after the first node transmits congestion-related information to the second node, the second node performs congestion-related operations based on the congestion-related information, thereby performing rate adjustment in a timely manner and avoiding service delays and packet loss.

[0041] In addition, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, if the first node and the second node are different, the method by which the corresponding first node transmits congestion-related information to the second node will also be different, which will be described in detail in a later embodiment.

[0042] In summary, in the congestion notification method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in the method provided by the present disclosure, whether the above-mentioned proposed method 1 and / or method 2 is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to the second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or application server to timely adjust the rate based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving the service quality of the service.

[0043] FIG. 2b is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the method is performed by a first node. As shown in FIG. 2b, the congestion notification method may include the following steps:

[0044] Step 201b determines whether congestion has occurred on the communication link.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the communication link may be a logical channel for transmitting user data or a bearer for transmitting data, such as a PDU session (Protocol Data Unit).

[0046] Specifically, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the above communication link may include at least one of a PDU session, a QoS flow (Quality of Service Flow), a DRB (Data Radio Bearer), a UL (Up Link), and a DL (Down Link).

[0047] In addition, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the method for determining whether congestion has occurred in the above-mentioned first node communication link includes at least one of determining whether congestion has occurred in the communication link by monitoring (e.g., packet detection), and receiving packet transmission information reported from user equipment and determining whether congestion has occurred in the communication link based on the packet transmission information.

[0048] Here, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method in which a first node receives packet transmission information reported from a user equipment and determines whether congestion has occurred in a communication link based on the packet transmission information specifically includes receiving a BSR reported from the user equipment and determining whether congestion has occurred in the communication link based on the remaining time of packet transmission in the BSR.

[0049] Specifically, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, a BSR reported from user equipment is received, where the BSR may include the remaining time for packet transmission and the data in the user equipment buffer that needs to be uplink transmitted. In this case, the first node can determine the time required for current data transmission based on the data in the user equipment buffer that needs to be uplink transmitted and the channel resources currently supporting the uplink process. If the time required for current data transmission is greater than the remaining time for packet transmission, it indicates that the remaining time for packet transmission cannot transmit the data that needs to be uplink transmitted, in which case it is determined that congestion has occurred on the communication link. Otherwise, if the time required for current data transmission is less than or equal to the remaining time for packet transmission, it indicates that the remaining time for packet transmission can transmit the data that needs to be uplink transmitted, in which case it is determined that congestion has not occurred on the communication link.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first node may periodically determine whether congestion has occurred on the communication link. In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the first node may determine whether congestion has occurred on the communication link after receiving an indication that congestion detection is required. This will be described in more detail in a later embodiment.

[0051] In summary, in the congestion notification method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in the method provided by the present disclosure, whether the above-mentioned proposed method 1 and / or method 2 is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to the second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or application server to timely adjust the rate based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving the service quality of the service.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the congestion notification method provided by the above embodiment also relates to the type of the first node and the second node. Here, if the first node and the second node are different, the specific execution steps of the congestion notification method will also be different. The congestion notification methods corresponding to different first nodes and second nodes will be described in detail below.

[0053] 3 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method being performed by a first node, where in an embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, the first node may be the next generation Node B-Distributed Unit (gNB-DU), and the second node may be the next generation Node B-Central Unit-User Plane (gNB-CU-UP). Also, as shown in FIG. 3, the congestion notification method may include the following steps:

[0054] Step 301: When congestion occurs, send congestion-related information to a second node through a New Radio (NR) user plane protocol.

[0055] Here, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned method for the first node to transmit congestion-related information to the second node via an NR user plane protocol may include the first node generating a frame including congestion information and transmitting the frame including the congestion information to the second node via an NR user plane protocol, wherein the frame including congestion information includes the congestion-related information.

[0056] In addition, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first node can generate frames containing congestion information in multiple different formats.

[0057] Specifically, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first node may generate a DL DATA DELIVERY STATUS frame and send the DL DATA DELIVERY STATUS frame to the second node via an NR user plane protocol, where the PDU Type corresponding to the DL DATA DELIVERY STATUS frame is 1.

[0058] Here, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, when a first node generates a DL DATA DELIVERY STATUS frame and the PDU Type is 1, the number of bits that can indicate the cause of congestion in the DL DATA DELIVERY STATUS frame is 8 bits, and based on this, the congestion-related information can use a new cause value to indicate the cause of congestion.

[0059] Illustratively, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the Value range is: {0=UNKNOWN, 1=RADIO LINK OUTAGE, 2=RADIO LINK RESUME, 3=UL RADIO LINK OUTAGE, 4=DL RADIO LINK OUTAGE, 5=UL RADIO LINK RESUME, 6=DL RADIO LINK RESUME, 7=UL CONGESTION, 8=DL CONGESTION, 9-228=reserved for future value extensions, 229-255=reserved for test purposes}

[0060] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the first node may generate a new frame format and transmit the new frame format to the second node via the NR user plane protocol. Exemplarily, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the new frame format may be CONGESTION STATUS or CONGESTION FEEDBACK.

[0061] It should be noted that in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the method in which the first node transmits congestion-related information to the second node in step 301 is applicable to the L4S marked variations of Method 1 and / or Method 2 proposed above, i.e., regardless of whether Method 1 and / or Method 2 are adopted, the core network device can use the above step 301 to obtain congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and perform rate adjustments based on the congestion-related information in a timely manner, thereby avoiding service delays.

[0062] In summary, in the congestion notification method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in the method provided by the present disclosure, whether the above-mentioned proposed method 1 and / or method 2 is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to the second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or application server to timely adjust the rate based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving the service quality of the service.

[0063] 4 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method being performed by a first node, where in an embodiment corresponding to FIG. 4, the first node may be a base station and the second node may be a user plane node of a core network. Also, as shown in FIG. 4, the congestion notification method may include the following steps:

[0064] Step 401: if congestion occurs, send congestion-related information to a second node in a PDU Session User Plane Protocol frame.

[0065] Here, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for a first node to transmit congestion-related information to a second node in a PDU Session User Plane Protocol frame may include: the first node transmitting the congestion-related information to the second node in an UL PDU Session Information frame transmitted from the NG-RAN to the UPF, where PDU type=1 corresponding to the UL PDU Session Information.

[0066] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the first node transmits congestion-related information to the second node in a new user plane frame transmitted from the NG-RAN to the UPF. Exemplarily, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the new user plane frame may be Congestion Information.

[0067] In summary, in the congestion notification method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in the method provided by the present disclosure, whether the above-mentioned proposed method 1 and / or method 2 is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to the second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or application server to timely adjust the rate based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving the service quality of the service.

[0068] 5 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method being performed by a first node, where in an embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5, the first node may be a gNB-DU, and the second node may be a gNB-CU-CP (the next generation Node B-Central Unit-Control Plane) or a gNB-CU (the next generation Node B-Central Unit). Also, as shown in FIG. 5, the congestion notification method may include the following steps:

[0069] Step 501: When congestion occurs, send congestion-related information to a second node by an F1AP (F1 Application Protocol) message.

[0070] In summary, in the congestion notification method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in the method provided by the present disclosure, whether the above-mentioned proposed method 1 and / or method 2 is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to the second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or application server to timely adjust the rate based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving the service quality of the service.

[0071] 6 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the method is performed by a first node, where in an embodiment corresponding to FIG. 6, the first node may be a base station, and the second node may be a control plane node (e.g., AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) / SMF (Session Management Function)) of a core network. Also, as shown in FIG. 6, the congestion notification method may include the following steps:

[0072] Step 601: When congestion occurs, congestion-related information is sent to a second node by a Next Generation Application Protocol (NGAP) message.

[0073] In summary, in the congestion notification method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in the method provided by the present disclosure, whether the above-mentioned proposed method 1 and / or method 2 is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to the second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or application server to timely adjust the rate based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving the service quality of the service.

[0074] 7 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method being performed by a first node, where in an embodiment corresponding to FIG. 7, the first node may be a base station and the second node may be a UE. Also, as shown in FIG. 7, the congestion notification method may include the following steps:

[0075] Step 701: When congestion occurs, send congestion-related information to a second node through an air interface protocol.

[0076] Here, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the method for transmitting congestion-related information to the second node through the above air interface protocol may include transmitting the congestion-related information to the second node through RRC (Radio Resource Control) or MAC (Media Access Control) signaling or PHY (Physical Layer) signaling.

[0077] In summary, in the congestion notification method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in the method provided by the present disclosure, whether the above-mentioned proposed method 1 and / or method 2 is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to the second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or application server to timely adjust the rate based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving the service quality of the service.

[0078] FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is performed by a first node. As shown in FIG. 8, the congestion notification method may include the following steps:

[0079] Step 801: receive congestion report request information sent from a third node;

[0080] Here, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the congestion report request information is for indicating whether the first node needs to perform congestion detection and / or whether the congestion-related information needs to be transmitted to the second node.

[0081] In addition, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the above congestion report request information may include at least one of congestion request indication information, a threshold value reported in the congestion request, bearer information corresponding to the congestion request, a data flow direction corresponding to the congestion request, and a congestion indication frame or bit.

[0082] Specifically, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the congestion request indication information may include N bits, where N is a positive integer. For example, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, it is assumed that the congestion request indication information includes two bits, where if the bits are 01, the congestion request indication information indicates that the first node needs to perform congestion detection, if the bits are 10, the congestion request indication information indicates that the first node needs to send congestion-related information to the second node, if the bits are 11, the congestion request indication information indicates that the first node needs to perform congestion detection and send congestion-related information to the second node, and if the bits are 00, the congestion request indication information indicates that the first node does not need to perform congestion detection and does not need to send congestion-related information to the second node.

[0083] In addition, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the threshold reported in the congestion request may include, but is not limited to, a buffer size threshold, a data packet transmission waiting time threshold, and a data packet remaining transmission time threshold. Here, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, after receiving the congestion report request information, the first node may determine that it needs to transmit congestion-related information to the second node after the congestion report exceeds or falls below the threshold reported in the congestion request.

[0084] Illustratively, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that the threshold reported in the congestion request is a threshold for the remaining time of the data packet, the remaining transmission time of the current data packet can be compared with the threshold for the remaining transmission time of the data packet, and if the remaining transmission time of the current data packet exceeds the threshold for the remaining transmission time of the data packet, it can be determined that the congestion-related information needs to be sent to the second node.

[0085] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the bearer information corresponding to the congestion request may include at least one of a PDU session, a QoS flow, and a DRB.

[0086] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the bearer information corresponding to the above congestion request may include one or more PDU session IDs, QoS flow IDs, and / or DRB IDs to indicate the specific bearers or communication links for which congestion measurements need to be performed.

[0087] Illustratively, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that the bearer information corresponding to the congestion request is at least one PDU session ID, it is determined that congestion detection needs to be performed on the bearer or communication link corresponding to the PDU session ID, and if it is determined that congestion has occurred on the bearer or communication link corresponding to the PDU session ID, congestion-related information is sent to the second node.

[0088] Illustratively, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that the bearer information corresponding to the congestion request is at least one QoS flow ID, it is determined that congestion detection needs to be performed on the bearer or communication link corresponding to the QoS flow ID, and if it is determined that congestion has occurred on the bearer or communication link corresponding to the QoS flow ID, congestion-related information is sent to the second node.

[0089] Illustratively, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that the bearer information corresponding to the congestion request is at least one DRB ID, it is determined that congestion detection needs to be performed on the bearer or communication link corresponding to the DRB ID, and if it is determined that congestion has occurred on the bearer or communication link corresponding to the DRB ID, congestion-related information is sent to the second node.

[0090] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the data flow direction corresponding to the congestion request may include at least one of an uplink and a downlink.

[0091] Illustratively, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that the data flow direction corresponding to the congestion request is uplink, it is determined that congestion detection needs to be performed on the uplink, and if it is determined that congestion has occurred on the uplink, congestion-related information is transmitted to the second node.

[0092] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the congestion indication frame or bit may include a polling frame or a polling bit.

[0093] Illustratively, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that the congestion report request information includes a polling frame or a polling bit, it is determined that congestion detection needs to be performed and / or that the congestion-related information needs to be transmitted to the second node.

[0094] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the third node and the second node may be the same or different. Here, if the second node and the third node are the same or different, the method of receiving the congestion report request information transmitted from the third node also differs. This will be described in detail in a later embodiment.

[0095] Step 802: If the congestion report request information indicates that the first node needs to perform congestion detection or send congestion-related information to the second node, send the congestion-related information to the second node.

[0096] Here, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, if the congestion report request information indicates that the first node needs to perform congestion detection or send congestion-related information to the second node, the first node can send congestion information-related information to the second node based on the information included in the congestion report request.

[0097] Specifically, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, when the congestion report request information indicates that the first node needs to perform congestion detection or needs to transmit congestion-related information to the second node, the first node performs congestion detection based on the congestion request report information, and transmits the congestion-related information to the second node when congestion is detected, and the congestion report request information includes a condition for performing congestion detection. Here, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the condition for performing congestion detection may include at least one of a threshold value reported in the congestion request, bearer information corresponding to the congestion request, and a data flow direction corresponding to the congestion request.

[0098] Illustratively, in one implementation of the present disclosure, the congestion report request information includes congestion request indication information and a threshold value reported in the congestion request, where assuming the congestion request indication information is 01, the first node performs congestion detection based on the threshold value reported in the congestion request, and sends congestion-related information to the second node after exceeding or falling below the threshold value reported in the congestion request.

[0099] In summary, in the congestion notification method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in the method provided by the present disclosure, whether the above-mentioned proposed method 1 and / or method 2 is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to the second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or application server to timely adjust the rate based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving the service quality of the service.

[0100] 9 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the method is performed by a first node, and in an embodiment corresponding to FIG. 9, the second node and the third node are the same. Also, as shown in FIG. 9, the congestion notification method can include the following steps:

[0101] Step 901: receive congestion report request information sent from a third node through a user plane protocol;

[0102] Here, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, if the correspondence between the first node and the third node is different, the method of receiving the congestion report request information transmitted from the third node according to the above user plane protocol is also different.

[0103] Specifically, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, when the first node is a base station (NG-RAN) and the third node is a core network node (AMF / SMF), the method for receiving congestion report request information sent from the third node via the above-mentioned user plane protocol may include receiving the congestion report request information sent from the third node via an NGAP message.

[0104] In addition, in another embodiment of the present disclosure, when the first node is a gNB-DU and the third node is a gNB-CU or a gNB-CU-CP, a method for receiving congestion report request information transmitted from the third node via the above-mentioned user plane protocol may include receiving the congestion report request information transmitted from the third node via an F1AP message.

[0105] Furthermore, in another embodiment of the present disclosure, when the second node and the third node are gNB-CU-UP, the method for receiving congestion report request information transmitted from the third node through the above user plane protocol may include receiving the congestion report request information transmitted from the third node in an NR user plane protocol frame. Illustratively, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the congestion report request information transmitted from the third node is received in a polling frame or a polling bit.

[0106] In summary, in the congestion notification method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in the method provided by the present disclosure, whether the above-mentioned proposed method 1 and / or method 2 is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to the second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or application server to timely adjust the rate based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving the service quality of the service.

[0107] 10 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the method is performed by a first node, which is different from the second node and the third node in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 10. Also, as shown in FIG. 10, the congestion notification method can include the following steps:

[0108] Step 1001: Receive congestion report request information sent from a third node according to information indicating QoS flow establishment or information indicating QoS flow modification, where the information indicating QoS flow establishment or information indicating QoS flow modification includes the congestion report request information.

[0109] For other details of this embodiment, please refer to the description of the embodiment above.

[0110] In summary, in the congestion notification method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in the method provided by the present disclosure, whether the above-mentioned proposed method 1 and / or method 2 is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to the second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or application server to timely adjust the rate based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving the service quality of the service.

[0111] FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is performed by a second node. As shown in FIG. 11, the congestion notification method may include the following steps:

[0112] Step 1101: receive congestion-related information sent from a first node;

[0113] In addition, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the congestion-related information may include at least one of a congestion indication (e.g., a congestion start indication, a congestion end indication, or a congestion cause value) for indicating whether congestion has occurred, a congestion degree for indicating the severity and level of the congestion, a congestion time (e.g., a time length or a specific time period) for indicating the duration of the congestion, a recommended bit rate for instructing the sender to perform rate adjustment at the recommended bit rate, an available buffer size for instructing the sender to perform rate adjustment based on the available buffer size, a remaining transmission time for instructing the sender to perform rate adjustment based on the remaining transmission time of the data packet, a data flow direction (e.g., uplink or downlink) corresponding to the congestion, bearer information (e.g., one or more DRB IDs and / or QoS flow IDs and / or PDU session IDs) corresponding to the congestion, and a congestion cause for indicating the cause of the congestion (e.g., a radio link failure or an overload).

[0114] In addition, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, if the first node and the second node are different, the method by which the corresponding second node receives the congestion-related information transmitted from the first node will also be different, which will be described in detail in a later embodiment.

[0115] Step 1102: Perform congestion-related actions based on the congestion-related information.

[0116] Here, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the performing congestion-related action may include at least one of performing a congestion-related mark and transmitting congestion-related information to the fourth node.

[0117] In addition, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the method for performing the congestion-related marking may include performing ECN (Explicit Congestion Notification) marking in the L4S.

[0118] Specifically, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the second node performs ECN marking at the IP (Internet Protocol, network protocol) layer.

[0119] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the second node performs ECN marking at the General Packet Radio Service Tunnel Protocol (GTP-U) layer.

[0120] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, when the above congestion-related information is transmitted to a fourth node, the first node may be a gNB-DU, the second node may be a gNB-CU-UP, and the fourth node may be a core network node (e.g., a UPF).

[0121] In addition, in another embodiment of the present disclosure, when the above congestion-related information is transmitted to a fourth node, the first node may be a gNB-DU, the second node may be a gNB-CU-CP, and the fourth node may be a core network node (e.g., an AMF or an SMF).

[0122] In summary, in the congestion notification method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in the method provided by the present disclosure, whether the above-mentioned proposed method 1 and / or method 2 is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to the second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or application server to timely adjust the rate based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving the service quality of the service.

[0123] 12 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the method is performed by a second node, and in an embodiment corresponding to FIG. 12, the first node may be a gNB-DU and the second node may be a gNB-CU-UP. Also, as shown in FIG. 12, the congestion notification method may include the following steps:

[0124] Step 1201: Receive congestion-related information sent from a first node via an NR user plane protocol.

[0125] Here, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for receiving congestion-related information transmitted from a first node via an NR user plane protocol may include receiving a frame including congestion information transmitted from the first node via an NR user plane protocol, where the frame including congestion information includes the congestion-related information.

[0126] In addition, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the frame containing the congestion information can have a number of different formats.

[0127] Specifically, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, a DL DATA DELIVERY STATUS frame transmitted from a first node is received via an NR user plane protocol, where the PDU Type corresponding to the DL DATA DELIVERY STATUS frame is 1.

[0128] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, a new frame format transmitted from the first node is received via an NR user plane protocol. Exemplarily, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the new frame format may be CONGESTION STATUS or CONGESTION FEEDBACK.

[0129] For other details of this embodiment, please refer to the description of the embodiment above.

[0130] In summary, in the congestion notification method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in the method provided by the present disclosure, whether the above-mentioned proposed method 1 and / or method 2 is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to the second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or application server to timely adjust the rate based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving the service quality of the service.

[0131] 13 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the method is performed by a second node, and in an embodiment corresponding to FIG. 13, the first node may be a base station and the second node may be a user plane node of a core network. Also, as shown in FIG. 13, the congestion notification method may include the following steps:

[0132] Step 1301: receive congestion-related information sent from a first node in a PDU Session User Plane Protocol frame;

[0133] Here, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for receiving congestion-related information transmitted from a first node in a PDU Session User Plane Protocol frame may include receiving congestion-related information transmitted from the first node in an UL PDU Session Information frame transmitted from an NG-RAN to a UPF.

[0134] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for receiving congestion-related information transmitted from a first node in a PDU Session User Plane Protocol frame may include receiving the congestion-related information transmitted from the first node in a new user plane frame transmitted from the NG-RAN to the UPF. Exemplarily, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the new user plane frame may be Congestion Information.

[0135] For other details of this embodiment, please refer to the description of the embodiment above.

[0136] In summary, in the congestion notification method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in the method provided by the present disclosure, whether the above-mentioned proposed method 1 and / or method 2 is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to the second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or application server to timely adjust the rate based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving the service quality of the service.

[0137] 14 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the method is performed by a second node, and in an embodiment corresponding to FIG. 14, the first node may be a gNB-DU, and the second node may be a gNB-CU-CP or a gNB-CU. Also, as shown in FIG. 14, the congestion notification method may include the following steps:

[0138] Step 1401: receive congestion-related information sent from the first node by F1AP message;

[0139] For other details of this embodiment, please refer to the description of the embodiment above.

[0140] In summary, in the congestion notification method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in the method provided by the present disclosure, whether the above-mentioned proposed method 1 and / or method 2 is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to the second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or application server to timely adjust the rate based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving the service quality of the service.

[0141] 15 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the method is performed by a second node, and in an embodiment corresponding to FIG. 15, the first node may be a base station, and the second node may be a control plane node (e.g., AMF / SMF) of a core network device. Also, as shown in FIG. 15, the congestion notification method may include the following steps:

[0142] Step 1501: receive congestion-related information sent from the first node by an NGAP message;

[0143] For other details of this embodiment, please refer to the description of the embodiment above.

[0144] In summary, in the congestion notification method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in the method provided by the present disclosure, whether the above-mentioned proposed method 1 and / or method 2 is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to the second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or application server to timely adjust the rate based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving the service quality of the service.

[0145] 16 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the method is performed by a second node, and in an embodiment corresponding to FIG. 16, the first node may be a base station and the second node may be a UE. Also, as shown in FIG. 16, the congestion notification method may include the following steps:

[0146] Step 1601: Receive congestion-related information sent from a first node via an air interface protocol.

[0147] For other details of this embodiment, please refer to the description of the embodiment above.

[0148] In summary, in the congestion notification method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in the method provided by the present disclosure, whether the above-mentioned proposed method 1 and / or method 2 is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to the second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or application server to timely adjust the rate based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving the service quality of the service.

[0149] FIG. 17 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is performed by a second node. As shown in FIG. 17, the congestion notification method may include the following steps:

[0150] Step 1701: Send congestion report request information to the first node.

[0151] Here, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the congestion report request information may indicate whether the first node needs to perform congestion monitoring and / or whether it needs to transmit congestion-related information to the second node.

[0152] In addition, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the above congestion report request information may include at least one of congestion request indication information, a threshold value reported in the congestion request, bearer information corresponding to the congestion request, a data flow direction corresponding to the congestion request, and a congestion indication frame or bit.

[0153] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the method for transmitting the congestion report request information to the first node may include transmitting the congestion report request information to the first node via a user plane protocol.

[0154] Here, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, if the first node and the second node have different capabilities, the method of transmitting congestion report request information to the first node according to the above user plane protocol also differs.

[0155] Specifically, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, when the first node is a base station (NG-RAN) and the second node is a core network node (AMF / SMF), the method of sending congestion report request information to the first node through the above-mentioned user plane protocol may include sending the congestion report request information to the first node through an NGAP message.

[0156] In addition, in another embodiment of the present disclosure, when the first node is a gNB-DU and the second node is a gNB-CU or a gNB-CU-CP, the method of sending congestion report request information to the first node via the above-mentioned user plane protocol may include sending the congestion report request information to the first node via an F1AP message.

[0157] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, when the second node is a gNB-CU-UP, the method for transmitting congestion report request information to the first node through the above user plane protocol may include transmitting the congestion report request information to the first node in an NR user plane protocol frame. Illustratively, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the congestion report request information is transmitted to the first node in a polling frame or a polling bit.

[0158] For other details of this embodiment, please refer to the description of the embodiment above.

[0159] In summary, in the congestion notification method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in the method provided by the present disclosure, whether the above-mentioned proposed method 1 and / or method 2 is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to the second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or application server to timely adjust the rate based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving the service quality of the service.

[0160] FIG. 18 is a schematic flowchart of a congestion notification method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is performed by a third node. As shown in FIG. 18, the congestion notification method may include the following steps:

[0161] Step 1801: Send congestion report request information to the first node.

[0162] Here, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the congestion report request information may indicate whether the first node needs to perform congestion monitoring and / or whether it needs to transmit congestion-related information to the second node.

[0163] In addition, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the above congestion report request information may include at least one of congestion request indication information, a threshold value reported in the congestion request, bearer information corresponding to the congestion request, a data flow direction corresponding to the congestion request, and a congestion indication frame or bit.

[0164] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the method of transmitting the above-mentioned congestion report request information to the first node may include transmitting the congestion report request information to the first node by information indicating QoS flow establishment or by information indicating QoS flow modification, wherein the information indicating QoS flow establishment includes the congestion report request information.

[0165] For other details of this embodiment, please refer to the description of the embodiment above.

[0166] In summary, in the congestion notification method provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in the method provided by the present disclosure, whether the above-mentioned proposed method 1 and / or method 2 is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to the second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or application server to timely adjust the rate based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving the service quality of the service.

[0167] FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 19, the device may include a transmitting module 1901 for transmitting congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs, where the congestion-related information is for instructing the second node to perform a congestion-related operation.

[0168] In summary, in a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in a method provided by the present disclosure, whether the above-mentioned proposed method 1 and / or method 2 is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or an application server to timely adjust rates based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving service quality.

[0169] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the device further determines whether congestion occurs in the communication link.

[0170] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the above device further performs at least one of: determining whether congestion has occurred in the communication link by monitoring; and receiving packet transmission information reported from the user equipment and determining whether congestion has occurred in the communication link based on the packet transmission information.

[0171] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the communication link includes at least one of a PDU session, a QoS flow, a DRB, a UL, and a DL.

[0172] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the congestion-related information includes at least one of a congestion indication, a congestion degree, a congestion time, a recommended bit rate, an available buffer size, a remaining transmission time, a data flow direction corresponding to the congestion, bearer information corresponding to the congestion, and a cause of the congestion.

[0173] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first node is a gNB-DU and the second node is a gNB-CU-UP, and the above-mentioned transmitting module 1901 further transmits congestion-related information to the second node via an NR user plane protocol.

[0174] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned transmitting module 1902 further causes the first node to generate a frame including congestion information, where the frame including congestion information includes congestion-related information, and transmits the frame including the congestion information to the second node according to an NR user plane protocol.

[0175] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first node is a base station, and the second node is a user plane node of a core network, and the above-mentioned sending module 1901 further sends the congestion-related information to the second node in a PDU Session User Plane Protocol frame.

[0176] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first node is a gNB-DU, and the second node is a gNB-CU-CP or a gNB-CU, and the above-mentioned transmitting module 1901 further transmits congestion-related information to the second node by an F1AP message.

[0177] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first node is a base station and the second node is a control plane node of a core network, and the above-mentioned sending module 1901 further sends the congestion-related information to the second node by an NGAP message.

[0178] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first node is a base station and the second node is a user equipment UE, and the above-mentioned sending module 1901 further sends the congestion-related information to the second node via an air interface protocol.

[0179] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the above apparatus further receives congestion report request information sent from a third node, where the congestion report request information is for indicating whether the first node needs to perform congestion detection and / or whether it needs to send congestion-related information to the second node, and sends the congestion-related information to the second node based on the congestion report request information.

[0180] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the congestion report request information includes at least one of congestion request indication information, a threshold value reported in the congestion request, bearer information corresponding to the congestion request, a data flow direction corresponding to the congestion request, and a congestion indication frame or bit.

[0181] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the third node and the second node are the same or different.

[0182] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, if the third node and the second node are the same, the above device further receives congestion report request information sent from the third node via a user plane protocol.

[0183] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, when the third node and the second node are different, the above-mentioned device further receives congestion report request information sent from the third node with information indicating QoS flow establishment, where the information indicating QoS flow establishment includes the congestion report request information, and receives congestion report request information sent from the third node with information indicating QoS flow modification, where the information indicating QoS flow modification includes the congestion report request information.

[0184] FIG. 20 is a schematic configuration diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 20, the device may include: a receiving module 2001 for receiving congestion-related information transmitted from a first node; and an executing module 2002 for performing a congestion-related operation based on the congestion-related information.

[0185] In summary, in a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in a method provided by the present disclosure, whether the above-mentioned proposed method 1 and / or method 2 is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or an application server to timely adjust rates based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving service quality.

[0186] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the congestion-related information includes at least one of a congestion indication, a congestion degree, a congestion time, a recommended bit rate, an available buffer size, a remaining transmission time, a data flow direction corresponding to the congestion, bearer information corresponding to the congestion, and a cause of the congestion.

[0187] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first node is a gNB-DU and the second node is a gNB-CU-UP, and the above-mentioned receiving module 2001 further receives congestion-related information transmitted from the first node via an NR user plane protocol.

[0188] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned receiving module 2001 further receives a frame including congestion information transmitted from the first node via an NR user plane protocol, and the frame including congestion information includes congestion-related information.

[0189] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first node is a base station and the second node is a core network node, and the above-mentioned receiving module 2001 further receives congestion-related information sent from the first node in a PDU Session User Plane Protocol frame.

[0190] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first node is a gNB-DU, and the second node is a gNB-CU-CP or a gNB-CU, and the above-mentioned receiving module 2001 further receives congestion-related information sent from the first node by an F1AP message.

[0191] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first node is a base station and the second node is a core network node, and the above-mentioned receiving module 2001 further receives congestion-related information sent from the first node by an NGAP message.

[0192] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first node is a base station and the second node is a UE, and the above-mentioned receiving module 2001 further receives congestion-related information sent from the first node via an air interface protocol.

[0193] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the above apparatus further transmits congestion report request information to the first node, where the congestion report request information is for indicating whether the first node needs to perform congestion monitoring and / or whether the congestion-related information needs to be transmitted to the second node.

[0194] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the above apparatus further transmits congestion report request information to the first node via a user plane protocol.

[0195] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the congestion report request information includes at least one of congestion request indication information, a threshold value reported in the congestion request, bearer information corresponding to the congestion request, a data flow direction corresponding to the congestion request, and a congestion indication frame or bit.

[0196] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the congestion-related action includes at least one of performing a congestion-related mark and transmitting congestion-related information to the fourth node.

[0197] FIG. 21 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 21, the device may include a transmitting module 2101 for transmitting congestion report request information to a first node, where the congestion report request information is for indicating whether the first node needs to perform congestion monitoring and / or whether it needs to transmit congestion-related information to a second node.

[0198] In summary, in a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, a first node transmits congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs. Therefore, in a method provided by the present disclosure, whether the above-mentioned proposed method 1 and / or method 2 is adopted, the first node can transmit congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs, thereby enabling a core network device to obtain the congestion-related information in a network with a radio separation architecture, and enabling the core network device or an application server to timely adjust rates based on the congestion-related information, thereby avoiding service delays and packet loss and improving service quality.

[0199] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the congestion report request information includes at least one of congestion request indication information, a threshold value reported in the congestion request, bearer information corresponding to the congestion request, a data flow direction corresponding to the congestion request, and a congestion indication frame or bit.

[0200] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-mentioned sending module 2101 further sends congestion report request information to the first node according to information indicating QoS flow establishment, where the information indicating QoS flow establishment includes congestion report request information, and sends congestion report request information to the first node according to information indicating QoS flow modification, where the information indicating QoS flow modification includes congestion report request information.

[0201] 22, which is a schematic diagram of a communication device 2200 provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. The communication device 2200 may be a network device, a terminal device, a chip, a chip system, a processor, etc. that supports the network device to implement the above method, or a chip, a chip system, a processor, etc. that supports the terminal device to implement the above method. The device can be used to implement the method described in the above method embodiment, and for details, please refer to the description in the above method embodiment.

[0202] The communication device 2200 may include one or more processors 2201. The processor 2201 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor, etc. For example, it may be a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor can process communication protocols and communication data, and the central processing unit can control a communication device (e.g., a base station, a baseband chip, a terminal device, a terminal device chip, a DU or CU, etc.), execute a computer program, and process data of the computer program.

[0203] Optionally, the communication device 2200 may further include one or more memories 2202, in which a computer program 2204 may be stored, and the processor 2201 executes the computer program 2204 so that the communication device 2200 performs the method described in the above method embodiments. Optionally, the memory 2202 may store data. The communication device 2200 and the memory 2202 may be configured separately or integrated together.

[0204] Optionally, the communication device 2200 may further include a transceiver 2205 and an antenna 2206. The transceiver 2205 may be referred to as a transceiver unit, a transceiver, or a transceiver circuit, etc., and is used to realize a transmitting and receiving function. The transceiver 2205 may include a receiver and a transmitter, and the receiver may be referred to as a receiver or a receiving circuit, etc., and is used to realize a receiving function, and the transmitter may be referred to as a transmitter or a transmitting circuit, etc., and is used to realize a transmitting function.

[0205] Optionally, the communication device 2200 may further include one or more interface circuits 2207. The interface circuit 2207 is used to receive and transmit code instructions to the processor 2201. The processor 2201 executes the code instructions so that the communication device 2200 performs the methods described in the above method embodiments.

[0206] When communication apparatus 2200 is a terminal device, transceiver 2205 is used to execute steps 301 and 302 in Fig. 3, steps 401 and 402 in Fig. 4, steps 501 and 503 in Fig. 5, steps 601a and 603a in Fig. 6a, and steps 601b and 602b in Fig. 6b. Processor 2201 is used to execute step 201 in Fig. 2, steps 303 and 304 in Fig. 3, step 403 in Fig. 4, steps 504 and 505 in Fig. 5, step 604a in Fig. 6a, step 603b in Fig. 6b, and steps 701 and 702 in Fig. 7.

[0207] When the communication apparatus 2200 is a network device, the transceiver 2205 is used to execute step 1102a in Fig. 11a. The processor 2201 is used to execute step 801 in Fig. 8, step 901 to step 904 in Fig. 9, step 1001 to step 1005 in Fig. 10, step 1101a in Fig. 11a, and step 1101b and step 1102b in Fig. 11b.

[0208] In one implementation, the processor 2201 may include a transceiver for implementing receiving and transmitting functions. For example, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit, an interface, or an interface circuit. The transceiver circuit, interface, or interface circuit for implementing receiving and transmitting functions may be separate or integrated. The transceiver circuit, interface, or interface circuit may be used to read and write code / data, or the transceiver circuit, interface, or interface circuit may be used to transmit or communicate signals.

[0209] In one implementation, the processor 2201 can store a computer program 2203, which executes in the processor 2201, thereby enabling the communication device 2200 to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments. The computer program 2203 can be fixed to the processor 2201, in which case the processor 2201 can be implemented by hardware.

[0210] In one implementation, the communications device 2200 can include circuitry capable of implementing the transmit, receive, or communication functionality of the method embodiments described above. The processors and transceivers described in this disclosure can be implemented in integrated circuits (ICs), analog ICs, radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs), mixed signal ICs, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), printed circuit boards (PCBs), electronic devices, etc. The processors and transceivers can be fabricated using various IC process technologies, such as complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), n-type metal oxide semiconductor (nMOS), p-type metal oxide semiconductor (PMOS), bipolar junction transistor (BJT), bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS), silicon germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), etc.

[0211] The communication device described in the above embodiments may be a network device or a terminal device, but the scope of the communication device in the description of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device may not be limited by Figures 17 to 18. The communication device may be an independent device or a part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be any of the following (1) to (6). (1) An independent integrated circuit IC or chip, or a chip system or subsystem. (2) A set having one or more ICs, optionally the set of ICs may include a memory element for storing data, computer programs. (3) ASIC, such as a modem. (4) Modules that can be embedded within other devices. (5) Receivers, terminal devices, intelligent terminal devices, cellular phones, wireless devices, handhelds, mobile units, in-vehicle devices, network devices, cloud devices, artificial intelligence devices, etc. (6)Others.

[0212] In the case where the communication device may be a chip or a chip system, please refer to the schematic configuration diagram of the chip shown in Fig. 23. The chip shown in Fig. 23 includes a processor 2301 and an interface 2302. Here, the number of processors 2301 may be one or more, and the number of interfaces 2302 may be more than one.

[0213] Optionally, the chip further includes a memory 2303, which is used to store necessary computer programs and data.

[0214] As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the various illustrative logical blocks and steps described in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be realized by electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. Whether such functions are realized by hardware or software is determined by specific applications and overall system design requirements. Those skilled in the art can realize the above functions using various methods for each specific type of application, but such realization should not be understood as exceeding the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0215] The present disclosure further provides a computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon that, when executed, achieve the functionality of any one of the above method embodiments.

[0216] The present disclosure further provides a computer program product, which, when executed by a computer, implements the functions of any one of the above method embodiments.

[0217] In the above embodiments, all or part of the implementation may be implemented in software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, all or part of the implementation may be in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs. When loaded and executed on a computer, the computer programs generate all or part of the flows or functions described in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer program may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, radio, microwave, etc.) methods. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium accessible by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks), optical media (e.g., high-density digital video discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid state disks (SSDs)).

[0218] As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the various numerals, such as first, second, etc., used in the present disclosure are used for ease of explanation and do not limit the scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure or represent a priority order.

[0219] At least one of the present disclosure may be described as one or more, and more may be two, three, four or more, and is not limited in the present disclosure. In the present disclosure, for one technical feature, the technical feature is distinguished by "first", "second", "third", "A", "B", "C", and "D", etc., and there is no order of priority or magnitude among the technical features described by "first", "second", "third", "A", "B", "C", and "D".

[0220] The correspondences shown in each table in the present disclosure may be preset or predefined. The possible values ​​of information in each table are merely examples, and other values ​​may be set; the present disclosure is not limited thereto. When setting the correspondences between information and each parameter, it is not necessary to set all of the correspondences shown in each table. For example, the correspondences shown by specific rows in the tables in the present disclosure do not need to be set. Appropriate modifications and adjustments, such as division and merging, may also be made based on the tables. The names of the parameters indicated by the titles of the tables may also be other names understandable to the communication device, and the possible values ​​or display methods of the parameters may also be other values ​​or display methods understandable to the communication device. The tables may be implemented using other data structures, such as arrays, queues, containers, stacks, linear lists, pointers, linked lists, trees, graphs, structures, classes, heaps, hash tables, or hash tables.

[0221] Predefined in the present disclosure can be understood as defined, predefined, stored, pre-stored, pre-agreed, pre-set, fixed, or pre-baked.

[0222] As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the units and algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software is determined by the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can implement the described functions using different methods according to each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered as going beyond the scope of the present disclosure.

[0223] As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, for the convenience of explanation, the specific operation processes of the above-described systems, devices and units are to be referred to the corresponding processes in the above-described method embodiments, and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted here.

[0224] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, and the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that a person skilled in the art can easily make within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure should also be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. 1. A congestion notification method performed by a first node, comprising: if congestion occurs, transmitting congestion-related information to a second node; A congestion notification method comprising:

2. The congestion notification method includes: further comprising the step of determining whether congestion has occurred on the communication link; The congestion notification method according to claim 1 .

3. determining whether congestion has occurred on the communication link, monitoring to determine whether congestion has occurred on the communication link; receiving packet transmission information reported from the user equipment, and determining whether congestion has occurred in the communication link based on the packet transmission information; The congestion notification method according to claim 2 .

4. The communication link a protocol data unit session (PDU session); Quality of Service flow (QoS flow); a data radio bearer (DRB); Uplink (UL); and a downlink (DL), The congestion notification method according to claim 3 .

5. The congestion-related information includes: a congestion indication; Congestion level and Congestion time, Recommended bitrates and The available buffer size and The remaining transmission time, a data flow direction corresponding to congestion; bearer information corresponding to congestion; and a cause of congestion; The congestion notification method according to claim 1 .

6. The first node is a base station distributed unit (gNB-DU), and the second node is a base station central unit user plane (gNB-CU-UP); transmitting the congestion-related information to a second node, transmitting congestion-related information to the second node via a new radio (NR) user plane protocol; The congestion notification method according to claim 1 .

7. The step of transmitting congestion-related information to the second node by an NR user plane protocol includes: generating a frame including congestion information by the first node, the frame including congestion information including congestion-related information; transmitting a frame including congestion information to the second node via an NR user plane protocol; The congestion notification method according to claim 6 .

8. the first node is a base station and the second node is a user plane node of a core network; transmitting the congestion-related information to a second node, transmitting congestion-related information to the second node in a Protocol Data Unit Session User Plane Protocol (PDU) frame; The congestion notification method according to claim 1 .

9. The first node is a gNB-DU, and the second node is a base station central unit control plane (gNB-CU-CP) or a base station central unit (gNB-CU); transmitting the congestion-related information to a second node, transmitting congestion related information to the second node by F1 Application Protocol (F1AP) messages; The congestion notification method according to claim 1 .

10. the first node is a base station and the second node is a control plane node of a core network; transmitting the congestion-related information to a second node, transmitting congestion-related information to the second node by a Next Generation Application Protocol (NGAP) message; The congestion notification method according to claim 1 .

11. the first node is a base station and the second node is a user equipment (UE); transmitting the congestion-related information to a second node, transmitting congestion related information to the second node via an air interface protocol; The congestion notification method according to claim 1 .

12. The congestion notification method includes: receiving congestion report request information sent from a third node, the congestion report request information for indicating whether the first node needs to perform congestion detection and / or whether the congestion related information needs to be sent to the second node; If the congestion report request information indicates that the first node needs to perform congestion detection or needs to transmit the congestion-related information to the second node, transmitting congestion-related information to the second node. The congestion notification method according to claim 1 .

13. The congestion report request information congestion request indication information; the threshold reported in the congestion request; and bearer information corresponding to the congestion request; a data flow direction corresponding to the congestion request; a congestion indication frame or bit; The congestion notification method according to claim 12 .

14. the third node and the second node are the same or different; The congestion notification method according to claim 12 .

15. When the third node and the second node are the same, the step of receiving congestion report request information transmitted from the third node includes: receiving congestion report request information transmitted from the third node via a user plane protocol; 15. The congestion notification method according to claim 14.

16. When the third node and the second node are different, the step of receiving congestion report request information transmitted from the third node includes: receiving congestion report request information sent from a third node according to information indicating QoS flow establishment, wherein the information indicating QoS flow establishment includes the congestion report request information; receiving congestion report request information transmitted from a third node according to information indicating QoS flow modification, wherein the information indicating QoS flow modification includes the congestion report request information; 15. The congestion notification method according to claim 14.

17. A congestion notification method performed by a second node, comprising: receiving congestion related information transmitted from a first node; performing a congestion-related action based on the congestion-related information. A congestion notification method comprising:

18. The congestion-related information includes: a congestion indication; Congestion level and Congestion time, Recommended bitrates and The available buffer size and The remaining transmission time, a data flow direction corresponding to congestion; bearer information corresponding to congestion; and a cause of congestion; 18. The congestion notification method according to claim 17.

19. The first node is a gNB-DU and the second node is a gNB-CU-UP; The step of receiving congestion-related information transmitted from the first node includes: receiving congestion-related information transmitted from the first node via an NR user plane protocol; 18. The congestion notification method according to claim 17.

20. The step of receiving congestion-related information transmitted from the first node via the NR user plane protocol includes: A step of receiving a frame including congestion information transmitted from the first node by an NR user plane protocol, wherein the frame including congestion information includes congestion-related information; 20. The congestion notification method according to claim 19.

21. the first node is a base station and the second node is a core network node; The step of receiving congestion-related information transmitted from the first node includes: receiving congestion-related information transmitted from the first node in a PDU Session User Plane Protocol frame; 18. The congestion notification method according to claim 17.

22. The first node is a gNB-DU, and the second node is a gNB-CU-CP or a gNB-CU; The step of receiving congestion-related information transmitted from the first node includes: receiving congestion-related information transmitted from the first node by an F1AP message; 18. The congestion notification method according to claim 17.

23. the first node is a base station and the second node is a core network node; The step of receiving congestion-related information transmitted from the first node includes: receiving congestion-related information transmitted from the first node by an NGAP message; 18. The congestion notification method according to claim 17.

24. the first node is a base station and the second node is a UE; The step of receiving congestion-related information transmitted from the first node includes: receiving congestion related information transmitted from the first node via an air interface protocol; 18. The congestion notification method according to claim 17.

25. The congestion notification method includes: transmitting congestion report request information to the first node, the congestion report request information being for indicating whether the first node needs to perform congestion monitoring and / or whether the congestion-related information needs to be transmitted to the second node; 18. The congestion notification method according to claim 17.

26. The step of transmitting the congestion report request information to the first node includes: transmitting congestion report request information to the first node via a user plane protocol; 26. The congestion notification method according to claim 25.

27. The congestion report request information congestion request indication information; the threshold reported in the congestion request; and bearer information corresponding to the congestion request; a data flow direction corresponding to the congestion request; a congestion indication frame or bit; 27. The congestion notification method according to claim 25 or 26.

28. The congestion-related action includes: performing congestion-related marking; transmitting the congestion-related information to a fourth node.

18. The congestion notification method according to claim 17.

29. A congestion notification method performed by a third node, comprising: transmitting congestion report request information to a first node, the congestion report request information being for indicating whether the first node needs to perform congestion monitoring and / or whether it needs to transmit congestion related information to a second node; A congestion notification method comprising:

30. The congestion report request information congestion request indication information; the threshold reported in the congestion request; and bearer information corresponding to the congestion request; a data flow direction corresponding to the congestion request; a congestion indication frame or bit; 30. The congestion notification method of claim 29.

31. The step of transmitting the congestion report request information to the first node comprises: sending congestion report request information to the first node according to information indicating QoS flow establishment, wherein the information indicating QoS flow establishment includes the congestion report request information; and transmitting congestion report request information to the first node according to information indicating QoS flow modification, wherein the information indicating QoS flow modification includes the congestion report request information.

30. The congestion notification method of claim 29.

32. A communication device configured in a first node, a transmitting module for transmitting congestion-related information to a second node when congestion occurs; A communication device comprising:

33. A communication device configured in a second node, a receiving module for receiving congestion related information transmitted from the first node; an execution module for performing a congestion-related action based on the congestion-related information. A communication device comprising:

34. A communication device configured in a third node, a transmitting module for transmitting congestion report request information to a first node, the congestion report request information being for indicating whether the first node needs to perform congestion monitoring and / or whether it needs to transmit congestion related information to a second node; A communication device comprising:

35. A communication device, a processor and a memory, A computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor executes the computer program stored in the memory to cause the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 16, or the processor executes the computer program stored in the memory to cause the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 17 to 28, or the processor executes the computer program stored in the memory to cause the communication device to perform the method of any one of claims 29 to 31. A communication device comprising:

36. A communication device, a processor and an interface circuit; the interface circuit receives and transmits code instructions to the processor; The processor executes the code instructions to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 16, or to perform the method according to any one of claims 17 to 28, or to perform the method according to any one of claims 29 to 31. A communication device comprising:

37. A computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, When said instructions are executed, a method according to any one of claims 1 to 16 is realized, or when said instructions are executed, a method according to any one of claims 17 to 28 is realized, or when said instructions are executed, a method according to any one of claims 29 to 31 is realized. A computer-readable storage medium comprising:

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