Laminated glass and vehicles

Abstract

A laminated glass (10) and a vehicle (30) are provided. The laminated glass (10) includes an outer glass sheet (15), an adhesive layer (17), an inner glass sheet (11), and a low-emissivity layer (13), which are laminated in this order. The outer glass sheet (15) has a first surface (151) and a second surface (152) that are arranged opposite each other. The inner glass sheet (11) has a third surface (111) and a fourth surface (112) that are arranged opposite each other. The adhesive layer (17) is used to connect the second surface (152) and the third surface (111). The low-emissivity layer (13) is provided on the fourth surface (112) of the inner glass sheet (11). The low-emissivity layer (13) includes one to three transparent conductive oxide layers (131). The thermal insulation coefficient C of the laminated glass (10) is C=T nIR / R IR The range of the thermal insulation coefficient C of the laminated glass (10) is 0.008≦C≦0.4, and T nIR is the transmittance of the laminated glass (10) to infrared rays with wavelengths of 1000 nm to 1250 nm, and R IR is the reflectance of the laminated glass (10) to infrared rays with wavelengths from 780 nm to 2500 nm, measured from one side of the low-emissivity layer (13) farther from the inner glass sheet (11).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present application relates to the glass field, in particular to laminated glass and vehicles. [Background technology]

[0002] The interior space of a vehicle becomes very hot in the summer due to high temperatures and strong direct sunlight, and very cold in the winter due to heat loss inside the vehicle caused by extremely low temperatures outside the vehicle. In an increasing number of vehicles, a coating with low-emissivity properties is applied to the surface of the sunroof glass close to the interior space, achieving the effect of "warm in winter and cool in summer" inside the vehicle. This low-emissivity coating can reduce the emission of long-wave thermal radiation from the heated sunroof glass into the interior of the vehicle in the summer, thereby avoiding heat radiation into the interior of the vehicle. This low-emissivity coating can reduce the emission of heat radiation from the interior of the vehicle to the external environment in the winter, thereby avoiding heat loss inside the vehicle.

[0003] As the size of sunroof glass increases, especially for panoramic sunroof glass or panoramic canopy glass in electric vehicles, conventional glass with low-emissivity coatings has difficulty meeting the thermal comfort requirements for vehicle interiors. Research has shown that human skin is most sensitive to infrared heat with wavelengths between 1000 nm and 1250 nm. In practical applications, the heat blocking effect of conventional sunroof glass is insufficient, preventing passengers from experiencing a sufficiently good somatic sensation. Therefore, conventional sunroof glass must still be combined with shades, which does not meet the original equipment manufacturers' (OEM) requirements for reducing vehicle weight, increasing headroom, and reducing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above, the present application provides a laminated glass and a vehicle, which has a relatively good heat insulating effect and can provide passengers with a sufficiently good somatic sensation.

[0005] The present application provides laminated glass. The laminated glass includes an outer glass sheet, an adhesive layer, an inner glass sheet, and a low-emissivity layer, which are laminated in this order. The outer glass sheet has a first surface and a second surface that are arranged opposite each other. The inner glass sheet has a third surface and a fourth surface that are arranged opposite each other. The adhesive layer is used to connect the second surface and the third surface. The low-emissivity layer is provided on the fourth surface of the inner glass sheet. The low-emissivity layer includes one to three transparent conductive oxide layers. The thermal insulation coefficient C of the laminated glass is C=T nIR / R IR The range of the thermal insulation coefficient C of laminated glass is 0.008≦C≦0.4. nIR is the transmittance of the laminated glass to infrared rays with wavelengths between 1000nm and 1250nm. IR is the reflectance of the laminated glass to infrared radiation with wavelengths between 780 nm and 2500 nm, measured from the side of the low-emissivity layer farther from the inner glass pane.

[0006] The laminated glass according to the present application includes a low-emissivity layer. The low-emissivity layer is provided on the fourth surface of the inner glass sheet. When the laminated glass is installed in a vehicle, the low-emissivity layer can be used to reduce the emissivity of the laminated glass measured from one side of the vehicle interior. The low-emissivity layer not only effectively blocks heat from the outside of the vehicle from being transmitted to the interior space of the vehicle, but also blocks heat from the inside of the vehicle from escaping to the outside of the vehicle. This achieves heat insulation effects in summer and heat retention effects in winter. In addition, the transmittance T of the laminated glass for infrared rays with wavelengths of 1000 nm to 1250 nm is nIR and the reflectance R of the laminated glass for infrared rays with wavelengths from 780 nm to 2500 nm. IRBy controlling the above, the insulating coefficient C of the laminated glass can be in the range of 0.008≦C≦0.4. This allows the laminated glass to have a relatively ideal heat-blocking effect and provide passengers with a relatively good physical sensation. When laminated glass is installed in a vehicle, it can achieve an ideal heat-blocking effect without being combined with shades, etc., and can meet the requirements of vehicle weight reduction, increased headroom, and cost reduction.

[0007] Furthermore, the transparent conductive oxide layer is made of indium tin oxide, the inner glass sheet contains iron oxide, and the ratio of the mass of indium in the transparent conductive oxide layer to the mass of total iron in Fe2O3 in the inner glass sheet is 20:1 to 500:1.

[0008] Furthermore, the inner pane is tinted glass. The mass fraction of total iron, expressed as Fe2O3, in the inner pane ranges from 0.9% to 2.2%. The thickness of the inner pane ranges from 0.7 mm to 2.1 mm. When the mass fraction of total iron, expressed as Fe2O3, in the inner pane ranges from 0.9% to 2.2%, the transmittance T of the laminated glass for infrared radiation with wavelengths between 1000 nm and 1250 nm is nIR is within a reasonable range, so that the laminated glass can effectively block infrared rays with wavelengths between 1000nm and 1250nm from penetrating the laminated glass and entering the interior of the vehicle. The laminated glass has a relatively ideal heat blocking effect and provides passengers with a relatively good somatic sensation. When the thickness of the inner glass sheet ranges from 0.7mm to 2.1mm, the thickness of the inner glass sheet is within a reasonable range, so that the inner glass sheet is bonded to the outer glass sheet by an adhesive layer and then installed in the vehicle.

[0009] Furthermore, the total thickness of the transparent conductive oxide layer ranges from 50 nm to 300 nm. When the total thickness of the transparent conductive oxide layer ranges from 50 nm to 300 nm, the laminated glass has a relatively low emissivity.

[0010] Furthermore, the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass ranges from 0.5% to 10%. The emissivity of the laminated glass, measured from the side of the low-emissivity layer farthest from the inner glass pane, is 0.25 or less. The visible light reflectance of the laminated glass, measured from the side of the low-emissivity layer farthest from the inner glass pane, is 4% or less. When the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass ranges from 0.5% to 10%, the laminated glass has a relatively low visible light transmittance, which can protect passenger privacy and replace shades, making it suitable for use in vehicle sunroofs, side windows, and rear windows. When the emissivity of the laminated glass is 0.25 or less, the laminated glass has low emissivity. This not only effectively blocks heat from being transferred from the outside of the vehicle to the interior space in summer, but also blocks heat from escaping from the interior of the vehicle in winter. This achieves thermal insulation in summer and heat retention in winter. The visible light reflectance of the laminated glass, measured from the side of the low-emissivity layer farthest from the inner glass pane, is relatively low. When laminated glass is applied to a vehicle, particularly when it is applied to the roof of the vehicle as sunroof glass, the laminated glass can weaken or even eliminate the obvious reflection of passengers and objects inside the vehicle on the sunroof glass due to specular reflection, thereby avoiding visual interference caused by reflection to passengers, especially passengers in the rear seats, and improving the passenger experience.

[0011] The low-emissivity layer further includes at least two first dielectric layers. One first dielectric layer is provided on each of the two opposing surfaces of each transparent conductive oxide layer. The material of the first dielectric layer is selected from the nitrides, oxides, and oxynitrides of at least one of zinc (Zn), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), silicon (Si), aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), and zirconium (Zr). During the manufacturing of laminated glass, high-temperature heat treatment and bending processes are required. The first dielectric layers can protect the transparent conductive oxide layer from corrosion or damage during processing or use, adjust the optical effect and appearance color of the low-emissivity layer, and improve the adhesion between the low-emissivity layer and the inner glass pane. These properties are beneficial for achieving the heat-shielding effect of the laminated glass.

[0012] Furthermore, the laminated glass further includes an infrared-reflecting layer. The infrared-reflecting layer is disposed between the inner and outer glass sheets. The infrared-reflecting layer includes one to five metal layers. The material of the metal layers is selected from metals or alloys of at least one element selected from silver (Ag), gold (Au), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), and platinum (Pt). In the laminated glass according to the present application, the metal layers are advantageous in that the infrared-reflecting layer has a good effect of reflecting infrared rays.

[0013] The infrared-reflective layer further includes at least two second dielectric layers, one on each of the two opposing surfaces of each metal layer. The material of the second dielectric layers is selected from the nitrides, oxides, and oxynitrides of at least one of the following elements: zinc (Zn), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), silicon (Si), aluminum (Al), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), niobium (Nb), magnesium (Mg), zirconium (Zr), gallium (Ga), yttrium (Y), indium (In), antimony (Sb), vanadium (V), and tantalum (Ta). During the manufacturing of laminated glass, high-temperature heat treatment and bending processes are required. The second dielectric layers can protect the metal layers from oxidation or damage during processing or use, adjust the optical effects and appearance color of the infrared-reflective layer, and improve the adhesion performance of the infrared-reflective layer. These properties are beneficial for achieving the heat-blocking effect of the laminated glass.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer glass sheet is a transparent glass having a visible light transmittance of 80% or more. When an infrared reflective layer is provided on the laminated glass according to the present application, the transparent glass used as the laminated glass can maximize the function of the infrared reflective layer in reflecting infrared rays in sunlight, thereby reflecting as much of the infrared rays in sunlight as possible and absorbing as little of them as possible, thereby achieving an ideal heat blocking effect.

[0015] Furthermore, the laminated glass does not include an infrared-reflecting layer, and the outer glass sheet is tinted glass. The mass fraction of total iron, expressed as Fe2O3, in the outer glass sheet ranges from 0.7% to 2.2%. The thickness of the outer glass sheet ranges from 2.1 mm to 4.2 mm. The fact that the outer glass sheet of the present application is tinted glass is advantageous in further achieving a visible light transmittance of 10% or less and a solar heat gain coefficient of 25% or more for the laminated glass.

[0016] Furthermore, the range of the thermal insulation coefficient C of the laminated glass is 0.03≦C≦0.25. When the range of the thermal insulation coefficient C of the laminated glass is 0.03≦C≦0.25, the laminated glass has a relatively good heat-blocking effect and can provide passengers with a relatively good somatic sensation.

[0017] Furthermore, the range of the thermal insulation coefficient C of the laminated glass is 0.009≦C≦0.15. When the thermal insulation coefficient C of the laminated glass is in the range of 0.009≦C≦0.15, the laminated glass can have a more ideal heat-blocking effect and can provide passengers with a relatively good somatic sensation.

[0018] Furthermore, the adhesive layer is a colored thermoplastic polymer film. The thermoplastic polymer film is selected from at least one of polyvinyl butyral, polyurethane, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, and ionic polymer. The visible light transmittance of the adhesive layer is 1% to 20%. The thermoplastic polymer film can bond the inner and outer glass sheets, and due to its good adhesive performance, it can effectively improve the adhesive strength between the inner and outer glass sheets.

[0019] Furthermore, the visible light transmittance of the inner glass pane is 34% to 42%. In the Lab values ​​of the color of the inner glass pane, the L value is in the range of 65 to 71.5, the a value is in the range of -3.5 to -2, and the b value is in the range of 2 to 3.5. The inner glass pane in this application is gray glass.

[0020] Furthermore, the visible light transmittance of the inner glass pane is 26% to 34%. In the Lab values ​​of the color of the inner glass pane, the L value is in the range of 58.5 to 65, the a value is in the range of -5 to -3.5, and the b value is in the range of 0.5 to 2. The inner glass pane in this application is gray glass.

[0021] The laminated glass further includes a light control element disposed between the second surface and the third surface. The light control element includes at least one of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal light control film, a suspended particle device light control film, and an electrochromic light control film. The light control element is configured to adjust the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass to meet optical performance requirements for different application scenarios.

[0022] The present application also provides a vehicle, which includes a vehicle body and the laminated glass of the present application. The laminated glass is attached to the vehicle body as at least one of the sunroof glass, side window glass, and rear window of the vehicle. In the vehicle of the present application, the laminated glass has a relatively low visible light transmittance and a relatively low solar heat gain coefficient, so the laminated glass has a relatively good heat blocking effect. Furthermore, when the laminated glass is applied to a vehicle, the laminated glass has a relatively low emissivity, so it can provide a good passenger experience.

[0023] The laminated glass according to the present application includes a low-emissivity layer. The low-emissivity layer is provided on the fourth surface of the inner glass sheet. When the laminated glass is installed in a vehicle, the low-emissivity layer can be used to reduce the emissivity of the laminated glass measured from one side of the vehicle interior. The low-emissivity layer not only effectively blocks heat from the outside of the vehicle from being transmitted to the interior space of the vehicle, but also blocks heat from the inside of the vehicle from escaping to the outside of the vehicle. This achieves heat insulation effects in summer and heat retention effects in winter. In addition, the transmittance T of the laminated glass for infrared rays with wavelengths of 1000 nm to 1250 nm is nIR and the reflectance R of the laminated glass for infrared rays with wavelengths from 780 nm to 2500 nm. IRBy controlling the above, the insulating coefficient C of the laminated glass can be in the range of 0.008≦C≦0.4. This allows the laminated glass to have a relatively ideal heat-blocking effect and provide passengers with a relatively good physical sensation. When laminated glass is installed in a vehicle, it can achieve an ideal heat-blocking effect without being combined with shades, etc., and can meet the requirements of vehicle weight reduction, increased headroom, and cost reduction. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0024] In order to more clearly explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings from these drawings without creative efforts. [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a laminated glass according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated glass according to one embodiment of the present application taken along the direction AA in FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated glass according to another embodiment of the present application taken along the direction AA in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated glass according to another embodiment of the present application taken along the direction AA in FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated glass according to another embodiment of the present application taken along the direction AA in FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated glass according to another embodiment of the present application taken along the direction AA in FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated glass according to another embodiment of the present application taken along the direction AA in FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated glass according to another embodiment of the present application taken along the direction AA in FIG. [Figure 9]FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated glass according to another embodiment of the present application taken along the direction AA in FIG. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated glass according to another embodiment of the present application taken along the direction AA in FIG. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0025] Hereinafter, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and comprehensively described with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments that can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts are all within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] In the specification, claims, and drawings of this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish between different objects, not to describe a particular sequence. Furthermore, terms such as "comprise," "include," or any other variant are intended to cover and not exclude the inclusion of other elements. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, and may optionally further include other steps or units that are not listed, or may optionally further include other steps or units that are specific to the process, method, system, product, or device.

[0027] The terms "example" and "embodiment" referred to herein mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an example or embodiment can be included in at least one example of the present application. Appearances of such words anywhere in the specification do not necessarily refer to the same example, nor are they mutually exclusive independent or alternative examples. Those skilled in the art can explicitly or implicitly understand that the examples described herein can be combined with other examples.

[0028] 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present application provides a laminated glass 10. The laminated glass 10 includes an outer glass sheet 15, an adhesive layer 17, an inner glass sheet 11, and a low-emissivity layer 13, which are laminated in this order. The outer glass sheet 15 has a first surface 151 and a second surface 152 that are arranged opposite each other. The inner glass sheet 11 has a third surface 111 and a fourth surface 112 that are arranged opposite each other. The adhesive layer 17 is used to connect the second surface 152 and the third surface 111. The low-emissivity layer 13 is provided on the fourth surface 112 of the inner glass sheet 11. The low-emissivity layer 13 includes one to three transparent conductive oxide layers 131. The thermal insulation coefficient C of the laminated glass 10 is expressed as C=T nIR / R IR The range of the thermal insulation coefficient C of the laminated glass 10 is 0.008≦C≦0.4. nIR R is the transmittance of the laminated glass 10 for infrared rays with wavelengths from 1000 nm to 1250 nm. IR is the reflectance of the laminated glass 10 for infrared radiation with wavelengths between 780 nm and 2500 nm, measured from one side of the low-emissivity layer 13 remote from the inner glass pane.

[0029] Specifically, the insulating coefficient of the laminated glass 10 may be, but is not limited to, 0.008, 0.009, 0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.06, 0.1, 0.13, 0.15, 0.2, 0.24, 0.27, 0.31, 0.35, 0.37, and 0.4.

[0030] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the number of transparent conductive oxide layers 131 in the low-emissivity layer 13 is one. In other embodiments, the number of transparent conductive oxide layers 131 in the low-emissivity layer 13 is two. In other embodiments, the number of transparent conductive oxide layers 131 in the low-emissivity layer 13 is three.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present application, the surface of the outer glass sheet 15 away from the adhesive layer 17 is the first surface 151, the surface of the outer glass sheet 15 closer to the adhesive layer 17 is the second surface 152, the surface of the inner glass sheet 11 closer to the adhesive layer 17 is the third surface 111, and the surface of the inner glass sheet 11 away from the adhesive layer 17 is the fourth surface 112. When the laminated glass 10 is applied to a vehicle 30, the first surface 151 is the outermost surface of the laminated glass 10 closer to the exterior of the vehicle, and the fourth surface 112 is the innermost surface of the laminated glass 10 closer to the interior of the vehicle.

[0032] The laminated glass 10 in the present application can be applied to buildings, vehicles 30, etc. When the laminated glass 10 is applied to a vehicle 30, the laminated glass 10 can be used as at least one of a sunroof glass, a side window glass, and a rear window of the vehicle 30.

[0033] Human skin is most sensitive to heat from infrared rays with wavelengths between 1000nm and 1250nm. Therefore, the transmittance T of laminated glass for infrared rays with wavelengths between 1000nm and 1250nm is nIR and the reflectance R of the laminated glass for infrared rays with wavelengths from 780 nm to 2500 nm. IRBy controlling the thermal insulation coefficient C within a certain range, the laminated glass 10 can not only effectively block heat from the outside of the vehicle 30 from being transmitted to the interior space of the vehicle 30, but also block heat from the interior of the vehicle 30 from escaping to the outside of the vehicle 30. The laminated glass 10 has relatively good low emissivity. Furthermore, the laminated glass 10 has a relatively ideal heat-blocking effect, which can provide passengers with a relatively good physical sensation. When the laminated glass 10 is installed in a vehicle, it can achieve an ideal heat-blocking effect without being combined with shades, etc., thereby satisfying requirements such as increased headroom, weight reduction, and cost reduction of the vehicle 30. When the thermal insulation coefficient C of the laminated glass 10 is 0.008≦C≦0.4, the laminated glass 10 has a relatively ideal heat-blocking effect, which can provide passengers with a relatively good physical sensation. If the insulating coefficient C of the laminated glass 10 is greater than 0.4, the transmittance of the laminated glass 10 to infrared rays with wavelengths of 1000 to 1250 nm will be too high and the reflectance of the laminated glass 10 to infrared rays with wavelengths of 780 to 2500 nm will be too low, resulting in a relatively poor heat-blocking effect of the laminated glass 10 and a relatively poor somatic sensation for passengers.If the insulating coefficient C of the laminated glass 10 is less than 0.008, the laminated glass 10 will have a very good heat-blocking effect, but the requirements for both the materials and processes used to manufacture the laminated glass 10 will be high, further increasing the production costs of the laminated glass 10.

[0034] Optionally, in some embodiments, the range of the thermal insulation coefficient C of the laminated glass 10 is 0.03≦C≦0.25. Specifically, the thermal insulation coefficient C of the laminated glass 10 may be, but is not limited to, 0.03, 0.05, 0.08, 0.12, 0.13, 0.15, 0.18, 0.19, 0.20, 0.22, 0.24, and 0.25. When the thermal insulation coefficient C of the laminated glass 10 is in the range of 0.03≦C≦0.25, the laminated glass 10 can have a relatively ideal heat-blocking effect and provide passengers with a relatively good somatic sensation.

[0035] Alternatively, in some other embodiments, the insulating coefficient C of the laminated glass 10 is in the range of 0.009≦C≦0.15. Specifically, the insulating coefficient C of the laminated glass 10 may be, but is not limited to, 0.009, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07, 0.09, 0.10, 0.11, 0.12, 0.14, and 0.15. When the insulating coefficient C of the laminated glass 10 is in the range of 0.009≦C≦0.15, the laminated glass 10 can have a more optimal heat-blocking effect and provide passengers with a relatively good somatic sensation.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present application, the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass 10 ranges from 0.5% to 10%. Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass 10 may be, but is not limited to, 0.5%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3.3%, 4.8%, 5%, 6.7%, 8%, 8.5%, 9.4%, and 10%, etc.

[0037] When the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass 10 is in the range of 0.5% to 10%, the laminated glass 10 has a relatively low visible light transmittance, so the laminated glass 10 can protect passenger privacy and replace shades, and is suitable for use in the sunroof glass, side window glass, and rear window of the vehicle 30.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present application, the emissivity of the laminated glass 10 measured from the side of the low-emissivity layer 13 farthest from the inner glass pane 11 is 0.25 or less. Specifically, the emissivity of the laminated glass 10 may be, but is not limited to, 0.12, 0.14, 0.17, 0.19, 0.21, 0.22, 0.23, 0.25, and the like.

[0039] When the emissivity of the laminated glass 10 is 0.25 or less, the laminated glass 10 has low emissivity. As a result, the laminated glass 10 can not only effectively block the heat from the outside of the vehicle 30 from being transmitted to the interior space of the vehicle 30 in summer, but also block the heat from the inside of the vehicle 30 from escaping to the outside of the vehicle 30 in winter. Therefore, it can achieve the effect of heat insulation in summer and the effect of heat retention in winter.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present application, the visible light reflectance of the laminated glass 10 measured from one side of the low-emissivity layer 13 farthest from the inner glass pane 11 is 4% or less. Specifically, the visible light reflectance of the laminated glass 10 may be, but is not limited to, 4%, 3.8%, 3.75%, 3.6%, 3.5%, 3.2%, 3.1%, 3.0%, and the like.

[0041] The laminated glass 10 has a relatively low visible light reflectance measured from one side of the low-emissivity layer 13 that is far from the inner glass sheet 11. When the laminated glass 10 is applied to a vehicle 30, particularly when it is applied to the roof of the vehicle 30 as a sunroof glass, the laminated glass 10 can reduce or even eliminate the obvious reflection of passengers and objects inside the vehicle on the sunroof glass through specular reflection, thereby avoiding visual interference caused by reflection to passengers, especially those in the rear seats, and improving the passenger experience.

[0042] Preferably, the visible light reflectance of the laminated glass 10 is 3% or less. Specifically, the visible light reflectance of the laminated glass 10 may be, but is not limited to, 3%, 2.8%, 2.75%, 2.6%, 2.5%, 2.2%, 2.1%, 2.0%, and the like.

[0043] More preferably, the visible light reflectance of the laminated glass 10 is 2% or less. Specifically, the visible light reflectance of the laminated glass 10 may be, but is not limited to, 2%, 1.8%, 1.75%, 1.6%, 1.5%, 1.2%, 1.1%, 0.9%, 0.8%, 0.6%, and the like.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present application, the inner glass pane 11 is tinted glass.

[0045] As can be seen, the inner glass pane 11 is a tinted glass. Alternatively, the inner glass pane 11 may be any one of, but is not limited to, green glass, gray glass, blue glass, and brown glass.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, the visible light transmittance of the inner glass sheet 11 is 5% to 45%. Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the inner glass sheet 11 may be, but is not limited to, 5%, 8%, 16%, 19%, 23%, 25%, 33%, 35%, 37%, 40%, and the like.

[0047] Optionally, in some embodiments, when the visible light transmittance of the inner glass sheet 11 is in the range of 34% to 42%, the Lab value of the color of the inner glass sheet 11 has an L value in the range of 65 to 71.5, an a value in the range of −3.5 to −2, and a value in the range of 2 to 3.5. In this embodiment, the inner glass sheet 11 is gray glass.

[0048] Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the inner glass sheet 11 may be, but is not limited to, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 39%, 40%, 41%, and 42%. In the Lab values ​​of the color of the inner glass sheet 11, the L value may be, but is not limited to, 65, 65.3, 66.4, 66.6, 67.2, 67.9, 68.5, 69.3, 69.7, 70.2, 70.9, and 71.5. The a value may be, but is not limited to, -3.5, -3.4, -3.1, -2.9, -2.7, -2.5, -2.3, -2.1, and -2. The b value may be, but is not limited to, 2, 2.1, 2.3, 2.4, 2.7, 3.0, 3.1, 3.3, 3.4, and 3.5.

[0049] Alternatively, in some other embodiments, when the visible light transmittance of the inner glass sheet 11 is in the range of 26% to 34%, the Lab value of the color of the inner glass sheet 11 has an L value in the range of 58.5 to 65, an a value in the range of −5 to −3.5, and a value in the range of 0.5 to 2. In this embodiment, the inner glass sheet 11 is gray glass.

[0050] Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the inner glass sheet 11 may be, but is not limited to, 26%, 26.3%, 27.1%, 27.7%, 28.4%, 29%, 30.4%, 31.4%, 32.2%, 32.8%, 33.6%, 34%, etc. In the Lab values ​​of the color of the inner glass sheet 11, the L value may be, but is not limited to, 58.5, 58.9, 59.4, 59.8, 60.2, 60.8, 61.4, 61.8, 62.7, 63.5, 64.2, 64.8, 65, etc. The a value may be, but is not limited to, -5, -4.9, -4.7, -4.5, -4.4, -4.2, -4.0, -3.9, -3.8, -3.7, -3.6, -3.5, etc. The b value may be, but is not limited to, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.3, 1.5, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9, and 2, among others.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present application, the range of the mass fraction of total iron expressed as Fe2O3 in the inner glass sheet 11 is 0.9% to 2.2%. Specifically, the value of the mass fraction of total iron expressed as Fe2O3 in the inner glass sheet 11 may be, but is not limited to, 0.9%, 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.7%, 1.8%, 2.0%, 2.1%, 2.2%, etc.

[0052] When the mass fraction of total iron expressed as Fe2O3 in the inner glass pane 11 is in the range of 0.9% to 2.2%, the transmittance T of the laminated glass 10 for infrared rays with wavelengths of 1000 nm to 1250 nm is nIRis within a reasonable range, so that the laminated glass 10 can effectively block infrared rays with wavelengths of 1000 nm to 1250 nm from penetrating the laminated glass 10 and entering the interior of the vehicle 30. The laminated glass 10 has a relatively good heat blocking effect and provides passengers with a relatively good somatic sensation.

[0053] Iron oxides in glass are primarily considered to be coloring and functional components. Iron in glass exists primarily in the forms of divalent and trivalent iron. Divalent iron has an absorption peak near 1100 nm, while trivalent iron has an absorption peak near 400 nm. Adjusting the total iron mass in the inner glass sheet 11 can adjust the visible light transmittance and infrared transmittance of the laminated glass 10, particularly the transmittance of the laminated glass 10 for infrared rays near 1100 nm. In this application, "total iron" refers to all iron oxides in the inner glass sheet 11, including both divalent iron (FeO) and trivalent iron (Fe2O3). This is a commonly used term in this field and does not imply that all iron oxide in the glass is Fe2O3.

[0054] Alternatively, the thickness of the inner glass sheet 11 may range from 0.7 mm to 2.1 mm. Specifically, the thickness of the inner glass sheet 11 may be, but is not limited to, 0.7 mm, 0.9 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.7 mm, 1.8 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.1 mm, etc.

[0055] If the thickness of the inner glass sheet 11 is in the range of 0.7 mm to 2.1 mm, the thickness of the inner glass sheet 11 is within a reasonable range, so that the inner glass sheet 11 is bonded to the outer glass sheet 15 by the adhesive layer 17 and then applied to the vehicle 30.

[0056] Optionally, the inner glass pane 11 contains, by mass fraction, 1.1% to 1.9% total iron expressed as Fe2O3, 140 ppm (parts per million) to 300 ppm Co2O3, 10 ppm to 320 ppm Cr2O3, 55 ppm to 75 ppm SrO, and 10 ppm to 30 ppm Se.

[0057] Specifically, the mass fraction of total iron expressed as Fe2O3 in the inner glass sheet 11 may be, but is not limited to, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, 1.9%, etc. The mass fraction of Co2O3 in the inner glass sheet 11 may be, but is not limited to, 140 ppm, 146 ppm, 152 ppm, 165 ppm, 170 ppm, 185 ppm, 196 ppm, 206 ppm, 218 ppm, 225 ppm, 240 ppm, 250 ppm, 260 ppm, 270 ppm, 280 ppm, 300 ppm, etc. The mass fraction of Cr2O3 in the inner glass sheet 11 may be, but is not limited to, 10 ppm, 16 ppm, 25 ppm, 38 ppm, 56 ppm, 88 ppm, 107 ppm, 138 ppm, 156 ppm, 188 ppm, 220 ppm, 240 ppm, 270 ppm, 298 ppm, 300 ppm, 320 ppm, etc. The mass fraction of SrO in the inner glass sheet 11 may be, but is not limited to, 55 ppm, 56 ppm, 58 ppm, 62 ppm, 65 ppm, 68 ppm, 71 ppm, 72 ppm, 73 ppm, 75 ppm, etc. The mass fraction of Se in the inner glass sheet 11 may be, but is not limited to, 10 ppm, 11 ppm, 15 ppm, 18 ppm, 21 ppm, 22 ppm, 23 ppm, 25 ppm, 28 ppm, 30 ppm, etc. In the embodiment of the present application, the inner glass sheet 11 is a tinted glass, and the inner glass sheet 11 can block infrared rays from passing through the inner glass sheet 11. As a result, the laminated glass 10 has a relatively good heat blocking effect and a relatively suitable visible light transmittance.

[0058] Alternatively, the material of the transparent conductive oxide layer 131 may be doped zinc oxide (ZnO), indium tin oxide (ITO), nickel chromium oxide (CrNiO x ), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), and tin zinc oxide (ZnSnO x Doped zinc oxide (ZnO) is ZnO doped with one or more of the elements aluminum, tungsten, hafnium, gallium, yttrium, niobium, and neodymium.

[0059] Alternatively, the low-emissivity layer 13 can be deposited directly on the fourth surface 112 by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD). The total thickness of the transparent conductive oxide layer 131 in the low-emissivity layer 13 ranges from 50 nm to 300 nm. The emissivity of the laminated glass 10 without the low-emissivity layer 13 is approximately 0.9. The low-emissivity layer 13 can lower the emissivity of the laminated glass 10, thereby making the emissivity of the laminated glass 10 0.25 or less. Emissivity is primarily used to measure the ability of an object surface to emit energy in the form of radiation, and typically reflects the blocking ability of mid- to far-infrared rays (wavelengths greater than 2500 nm).

[0060] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the transparent conductive oxide layer 131 is an ITO layer deposited by magnetron sputtering. The target material of the transparent conductive oxide layer 131 includes indium oxide and tin oxide. The mass ratio of the indium oxide to the tin oxide is 80:20 to 90:10. Specifically, the mass ratio of the indium oxide to the tin oxide may be, but is not limited to, 80:20, 82:18, 85:15, 88:12, and 90:10.

[0061] Optionally, the total thickness of the transparent conductive oxide layer 131 in the low emissivity layer 13 ranges from 50 nm to 300 nm. Specifically, the total thickness of the transparent conductive oxide layer 131 may be, but is not limited to, 50 nm, 70 nm, 90 nm, 130 nm, 180 nm, 190 nm, 220 nm, 230 nm, 260 nm, 300 nm, etc.

[0062] When the total thickness of the transparent conductive oxide layer 131 is in the range of 50 nm to 300 nm, the laminated glass 10 has a relatively low emissivity. When the total thickness of the transparent conductive oxide layer 131 is less than 50 nm, the low emissivity performance of the laminated glass 10 is relatively poor and it cannot effectively block the transfer of heat from the inside to the outside of the vehicle 30 or the inflow of heat from the outside to the inside of the vehicle 30. When the total thickness of the transparent conductive oxide layer 131 is greater than 300 nm, the visible light reflectance of the laminated glass 10 becomes high and the anti-reflection effect of the laminated glass 10 is relatively poor, causing interference and discomfort to passengers.

[0063] In one embodiment of the present application, the transparent conductive oxide layer 131 is an indium tin oxide (ITO) layer. The inner glass sheet 11 contains iron oxide. The ratio of the mass of indium in the transparent conductive oxide layer 131 to the mass of total iron in the inner glass sheet 11 expressed as Fe2O3 is 20:1 to 500:1, preferably 50:1 to 200:1. Specifically, the ratio of the mass of indium in the transparent conductive oxide layer 131 to the mass of total iron in the inner glass sheet 11 expressed as Fe2O3 may be, but is not limited to, 20:1, 30:1, 50:1, 80:1, 100:1, 110:1, 120:1, 150:1, 180:1, 200:1, 250:1, 300:1, 350:1, 400:1, 450:1, 500:1, and the like.

[0064] When the transparent conductive oxide layer 131 is an ITO layer deposited by magnetron sputtering, a low-emissivity layer 13 including the ITO layer is provided on the fourth surface 112 of the inner glass sheet 11. Increasing the total iron mass (Fe2O3) in the inner glass sheet 11 reduces the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass 10 and also reduces the transmittance of the laminated glass 10 to infrared rays with wavelengths of 1000 to 1250 nm. However, increasing the total iron mass (Fe2O3) in the inner glass sheet 11 increases the difficulty and cost of manufacturing the inner glass sheet 11 and leads to the laminated glass 10 absorbing heat more easily in the summer, causing it to overheat. Increasing the mass of indium in the transparent conductive oxide layer 131 reduces the emissivity of the laminated glass 10 and also increases the reflectance of the laminated glass 10 to infrared rays with wavelengths of 780 to 2500 nm. However, increasing the mass of indium in the transparent conductive oxide layer 131 accordingly increases the manufacturing cost and difficulty of the laminated glass 10, and makes it difficult for the resulting low-emissivity layer 13 to meet the requirements for various automotive grade car window glass. In an embodiment of the present application, when the ratio of the mass of indium in the transparent conductive oxide layer 131 to the mass of total iron (Fe2O3) in the inner glass sheet 11 is 20:1 to 500:1, the insulating coefficient C of the laminated glass 10 can be more easily achieved to satisfy 0.008≦C≦0.4, or even 0.03≦C≦0.25, or 0.009≦C≦0.15. This allows the laminated glass 10 to have a relatively good heat insulation effect and provide a relatively good somatic sensation to passengers. If the ratio of the mass of indium in the transparent conductive oxide layer 131 to the mass of total iron in Fe2O3 in the inner glass sheet 11 is greater than 500:1, the inner glass sheet 11 will absorb more heat in summer and radiate more heat into the vehicle interior, thereby reducing the heat insulation effect of the laminated glass 10 and causing passengers to experience poorer physical sensations.This also increases the difficulty of blending the total iron and other components in the inner glass sheet 11, further increasing the cost and difficulty of manufacturing the inner glass sheet 11. If the ratio of the mass of total iron in Fe2O3 in the inner glass sheet 11 to the mass of indium in the transparent conductive oxide layer 131 is less than 20:1, the total thickness of the ITO layer is too large, placing high demands on the materials and processes used to fabricate the low-emissivity layer 13. The resulting low-emissivity layer 13 also has difficulty meeting the requirements for various automotive grades of car window glass, further increasing the manufacturing cost of the laminated glass 10.

[0065] Referring to FIG. 3 , in one embodiment of the present application, the low-emissivity layer 13 further includes at least two first dielectric layers 132. A first dielectric layer 132 is provided on each of the two opposing surfaces of each transparent conductive oxide layer 131. During the manufacturing of the laminated glass 10, high-temperature heat treatment and bending processes are required. The first dielectric layer 132 can protect the transparent conductive oxide layer 131 from corrosion or damage during processing or use, adjust the optical effect and appearance color of the low-emissivity layer 13, and improve the adhesion performance between the low-emissivity layer 13 and the inner glass sheet 11. These advantages are beneficial for achieving the heat-shielding effect of the laminated glass 10. Furthermore, rational design and combination of the material and thickness of the first dielectric layer 132 is beneficial for achieving the anti-reflection effect of the low-emissivity layer 13. This reduces or even eliminates the obvious specular reflection of passengers and objects inside the vehicle on the sunroof glass, preventing visual interference caused by reflection to passengers, especially those in the rear seats, and improving the passenger experience.

[0066] Optionally, the material of the first dielectric layer 132 is selected from the nitrides, oxides, and oxynitrides of at least one element of zinc (Zn), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), silicon (Si), aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), and zirconium (Zr). Specifically, the material of the first dielectric layer 132 may be, but is not limited to, zinc nitride, zinc oxide, zinc oxynitride, titanium oxynitride, magnesium oxide, aluminum nitride, etc.

[0067] Optionally, the thickness of the first dielectric layer 132 ranges from 5 nm to 100 nm. Specifically, the thickness of the first dielectric layer 132 may be, but is not limited to, 5 nm, 10 nm, 25 nm, 38 nm, 45 nm, 50 nm, 68 nm, 75 nm, 80 nm, 100 nm, and the like.

[0068] In this embodiment, when the thickness of the first dielectric layer 132 is in the range of 5 nm to 100 nm, the first dielectric layer 132 can protect the transparent conductive oxide layer 131 from corrosion or damage during processing or use, adjust the optical effect and appearance color of the low-emissivity layer 13, and improve the adhesion between the low-emissivity layer 13 and the inner glass sheet 11. These advantages are beneficial for achieving the heat-shielding effect of the laminated glass 10. If the thickness of the first dielectric layer 132 is greater than 100 nm, the first dielectric layer 132 is too thick, making it difficult to match the first dielectric layer 132 with other layers, ultimately reducing the heat-shielding effect of the laminated glass 10. If the thickness of the first dielectric layer 132 is less than 5 nm, the first dielectric layer 132 is too thin, making it prone to wear during actual use and making it difficult to subsequently protect the transparent conductive oxide layer 131 from corrosion or damage.

[0069] 4 and 5 , in some embodiments, the laminated glass 10 further includes an infrared-reflecting layer 18. The infrared-reflecting layer 18 is disposed between the inner glass sheet 11 and the outer glass sheet 15. The infrared-reflecting layer 18 includes one to five metal layers 184. The material of the metal layer 184 is selected from metals or alloys of at least one element selected from silver (Ag), gold (Au), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), and platinum (Pt). Specifically, the infrared-reflecting layer 18 can be disposed directly on the second surface 152 of the outer glass sheet 15 or directly on the third surface 111 of the inner glass sheet 11. Alternatively, the infrared-reflecting layer 18 can be disposed first on an organic resin film such as polyethylene terephthalate, with the organic resin film on which the infrared-reflecting layer 18 is disposed being interposed between the second surface 152 and the third surface 111. In this way, the laminated glass 10 can have a visible light transmittance of 10% or less and a solar heat gain coefficient of 25% or less.

[0070] Alternatively, the thickness of the infrared reflective layer 18 may range from 40 nm to 500 nm. Specifically, the thickness of the infrared reflective layer 18 may be, but is not limited to, 40 nm, 50 nm, 80 nm, 140 nm, 160 nm, 220 nm, 280 nm, 330 nm, 380 nm, 440 nm, 480 nm, and 500 nm.

[0071] When the thickness of the infrared reflective layer 18 is in the range of 40 nm to 500 nm, the infrared reflective layer 18 efficiently reflects the infrared rays in sunlight, thereby blocking heat transfer, improving the heat blocking ability of the laminated glass 10, and reducing the solar heat gain coefficient of the laminated glass 10.

[0072] Alternatively, the material of the metal layer 184 may be, but is not limited to, silver, gold, copper, aluminum, platinum, a silver-copper alloy, a copper-aluminum alloy, a copper-gold alloy, etc. The material of the metal layer 184 is typically selected from silver or a silver alloy. Examples of silver alloys include a silver-gold alloy, a silver-aluminum alloy, a silver-copper alloy, and a silver-platinum alloy.

[0073] 6, in some embodiments, if the infrared reflective layer 18 includes only one metal layer 184, the infrared reflective layer 18 can be referred to as a single silver infrared reflective layer. Similarly, if the infrared reflective layer 18 includes two metal layers 184, the infrared reflective layer 18 can be referred to as a double silver infrared reflective layer. Thus, triple silver infrared reflective layers, quadruple silver infrared reflective layers, and quintuple silver infrared reflective layers are included.

[0074] Optionally, the thickness of each metal layer 184 in the infrared reflecting layer 18 ranges from 4 nm to 20 nm. Specifically, the thickness of each metal layer 184 may be, but is not limited to, 4 nm, 5 nm, 6 nm, 8 nm, 10 nm, 12 nm, 14 nm, 16 nm, 17 nm, 19 nm, 20 nm, and the like.

[0075] When the thickness of each metal layer 184 is in the range of 4 nm to 20 nm, the infrared reflective layer 18 can have a relatively good infrared reflective effect, which is advantageous in that it reduces the design difficulty of the infrared reflective layer 18 and ensures that the infrared reflective layer 18 can withstand high-temperature heat treatment and bending, thereby meeting the automotive-grade requirements for car window glass.

[0076] Referring to Figures 6 and 7, in one embodiment of the present application, the infrared reflective layer 18 further includes at least two second dielectric layers 181. A second dielectric layer 181 is provided on each of the two opposing surfaces of each metal layer 184. During the manufacturing of the laminated glass 10, high-temperature heat treatment and bending processes are required. The second dielectric layers 181 can protect the metal layers 184 from oxidation or damage during processing or use, adjust the optical effect and appearance color of the infrared reflective layer 18, and improve the adhesion performance of the infrared reflective layer 18. These features are beneficial for achieving the heat-blocking effect of the laminated glass 10.

[0077] 6 and 7 , when the infrared reflective layer 18 is provided on the second surface 152 of the outer glass sheet 15, the second dielectric layer 181 provided on the metal layer 184 and closer to the second surface 152 is the second inner dielectric layer 182, and the second dielectric layer provided on the metal layer 184 and farther from the second surface 152 is the second outer dielectric layer 183. When the infrared reflective layer 18 is provided on the third surface 111 of the inner glass sheet 11, the second dielectric layer 181 provided on the metal layer 184 and closer to the third surface 111 is the second inner dielectric layer 182, and the second dielectric layer 181 provided on the metal layer 184 and farther from the third surface 111 is the second outer dielectric layer 183. As can be seen, the total number of second dielectric layers 181 is one more than the total number of metal layers 184. As a specific example, the infrared reflective layer 18 may include one metal layer 184 and two second dielectric layers 181, or two metal layers 184 and three second dielectric layers 181, or three metal layers 184 and four second dielectric layers 181, or four metal layers 184 and five second dielectric layers 181, or five metal layers 184 and six second dielectric layers 181.

[0078] The material of the second dielectric layer is selected from nitrides, oxides, and oxynitrides of at least one element selected from the group consisting of zinc (Zn), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), silicon (Si), aluminum (Al), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), niobium (Nb), magnesium (Mg), zirconium (Zr), gallium (Ga), yttrium (Y), indium (In), antimony (Sb), vanadium (V), and tantalum (Ta). Optionally, the material of the second dielectric layer is selected from the group consisting of zinc tin oxide (ZnSnO x ), magnesium-doped zinc tin oxide, zinc oxide, magnesium-doped zinc oxide, zirconium-doped zinc oxide, niobium oxide, bismuth oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, titanium peroxide, nichrome, zirconium nitride, silicon nitride, silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, and the like, but are not limited to these.

[0079] In this embodiment, the laminated glass 10 includes a low-emissivity layer 13, an inner glass sheet 11, an adhesive layer 17, an infrared-reflective layer 18, and an outer glass sheet 15, which are laminated in this order from the interior to the exterior of the vehicle. The infrared-reflective layer 18 reflects infrared rays in sunlight, thereby improving the heat-blocking effect of the laminated glass 10 and effectively blocking heat from the outside of the vehicle 30 from being transmitted to the interior space of the vehicle 30. When the laminated glass 10 is applied to the vehicle 30, it can achieve an ideal heat-blocking effect without being combined with shades or the like, thereby meeting the requirements for reducing the weight and cost of the vehicle 30.

[0080] In some embodiments, the outer glass sheet 15 is transparent glass with a visible light transmittance of 80% or more. When the laminated glass 10 is provided with an infrared-reflecting layer 18, the transparent glass used in the laminated glass 10 can maximize the infrared-reflecting layer's 18 function of reflecting infrared rays in sunlight, thereby reflecting as much of the infrared rays in sunlight as possible and absorbing as little of them as possible, thereby achieving an ideal heat-blocking effect. Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the outer glass sheet 15 may be, but is not limited to, 80%, 82%, 84%, 85%, 88%, and the like. More preferably, the visible light transmittance of the outer glass sheet 15 is 90% or more. Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the outer glass sheet 15 may be, but is not limited to, 90%, 92%, 94%, 95%, 98%, and the like.

[0081] Optionally, in some embodiments, when the laminated glass 10 does not include the infrared-reflective layer 18, the outer glass pane 15 is tinted glass, and the mass fraction of total iron expressed as Fe2O3 in the outer glass pane 15 ranges from 0.7% to 2.2%. Specifically, the mass fraction of total iron expressed as Fe2O3 in the outer glass pane 15 may be, but is not limited to, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.4%, 1.6%, 1.8%, 1.9%, 2.0%, 2.1%, and 2.2%.

[0082] When the mass fraction of total iron expressed as Fe2O3 in the outer glass pane 15 is in the range of 0.7% to 2.2%, the transmittance T of the laminated glass 10 for infrared rays with wavelengths of 1000 nm to 1250 nm is nIR is within a reasonable range. As a result, the laminated glass 10 can effectively block infrared rays with wavelengths of 1000 nm to 1250 nm from penetrating the laminated glass 10 and entering the interior of the vehicle 30. The laminated glass 10 has a relatively ideal heat blocking effect and provides passengers with a relatively good somatic sensation. This further ensures that the laminated glass 10 has a visible light transmittance of 10% or less and a solar heat gain coefficient of 25% or more.

[0083] In the embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the outer glass sheet 15 ranges from 2.1 mm to 4.2 mm. Specifically, the thickness of the outer glass sheet 15 may be, but is not limited to, 2.1 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.5 mm, 2.7 mm, 2.9 mm, 3.0 mm, 3.2 mm, 3.5 mm, 3.85 mm, 4.0 mm, 4.2 mm, etc.

[0084] Optionally, the outer glass pane 15 may be any one of, but is not limited to, green glass, gray glass, blue glass, and brown glass.

[0085] In some embodiments of the present application, the visible light transmittance of the outer glass sheet 15 is 5% to 85%. Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the inner glass sheet 11 may be, but is not limited to, 5%, 8%, 16%, 19%, 23%, 25%, 33%, 35%, 37%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 82%, etc. When the visible light transmittance of the outer glass sheet 15 is in the range of 5% to 85%, the difficulty of performing high-temperature heat treatment and bending processes on the laminated glass can be reduced.

[0086] Optionally, an adhesive layer 17 is provided between the inner glass sheet 11 and the outer glass sheet 15. The adhesive layer 17 is used to bond the inner glass sheet 11 and the outer glass sheet 15 together. In some embodiments, the adhesive layer 17 is a transparent thermoplastic polymer film having a visible light transmittance of 70% or more. When the adhesive layer 17 is a transparent thermoplastic polymer film having a visible light transmittance of 70% or more, the visibility of the laminated glass 10 is relatively high. As a result, when the laminated glass 10 is applied to a vehicle 30, passengers can have a clearer view. Therefore, the laminated glass 10 can be applied to the side window glass, rear window, etc. of the vehicle 30. Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the adhesive layer 17 may be, but is not limited to, 70%, 71%, 73%, 75%, 78%, 80%, and 82%. In other embodiments, the adhesive layer 17 is a colored thermoplastic polymer film having a visible light transmittance of 1% to 20%. In this case, the adhesive layer 17 can reduce the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass 10 and increase the laminated glass 10's infrared blocking ability, thereby providing passengers with a relatively good somatic sensation. Because the adhesive layer 17 of the present application has a relatively low visible light transmittance, the laminated glass 10 also has a relatively low visible light transmittance. Therefore, the laminated glass 10 is only applicable to sunroof glass, and the laminated glass 10 can protect passengers from sunlight glare and also block heat. Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the adhesive layer 17 may be, but is not limited to, 1%, 2%, 5%, 7%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 15%, 18%, and 20%, etc.

[0087] Optionally, the thermoplastic polymer film is selected from at least one of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethane (PU), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and ionic polymer (SGP). The thermoplastic polymer film can bond the inner glass sheet 11 and the outer glass sheet 15, and the good adhesive performance of the thermoplastic polymer film can effectively improve the adhesive strength between the inner glass sheet 11 and the outer glass sheet 15.

[0088] 8 to 10 , in one embodiment of the present application, the laminated glass 10 further includes a light control element 19. The light control element 19 is provided between the inner glass sheet 11 and the outer glass sheet 15. The light control element 19 is configured to adjust the visible light transmittance of the laminated glass 10 to meet optical performance requirements in different usage scenarios.

[0089] As can be seen, when the laminated glass 10 includes the light control element 19, the number of adhesive layers 17 is two. The light control element 19 is provided between two adjacent adhesive layers 17.

[0090] Specifically, in some embodiments, the laminated glass 10 includes, in sequential order, a low-emissivity layer 13, an inner glass sheet 11, an adhesive layer 17, a photochromic element 19, an adhesive layer 17, and an outer glass sheet 15. In some other embodiments, the laminated glass 10 includes, in sequential order, a low-emissivity layer 13, an inner glass sheet 11, an adhesive layer 17, a photochromic element 19, an adhesive layer 17, an infrared-reflecting layer 18, and an outer glass sheet 15. In some other embodiments, the laminated glass 10 includes, in sequential order, a low-emissivity layer 13, an inner glass sheet 11, an adhesive layer 17, a photochromic element 19, an adhesive layer 17, an infrared-reflecting layer 18, an organic resin film (polyethylene terephthalate (PET)), an adhesive layer 17, and an outer glass sheet 15.

[0091] Optionally, the light control element 19 includes at least one of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) light control film, a suspended particle device (SPD) light control film, and an electrochromic (EC) light control film.

[0092] The laminated glass 10 according to the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific examples.

[0093] <Examples 1 to 5>

[0094] The laminated glass 10 in Examples 1 to 5 includes a low-emissivity layer 13, an inner glass sheet 11, an adhesive layer 17, and an outer glass sheet 15, which are sequentially stacked. The low-emissivity layer 13 includes a Si3N4 layer, a SiO2 layer, an ITO layer, a SiO2 layer, an ITO layer, a Si3N4 layer, and a SiO2 layer, which are sequentially stacked on the fourth surface 112 of the inner glass sheet 11 by magnetron sputtering. The ITO layer is a transparent conductive oxide layer, and the other layers are all first dielectric layers. The low-emissivity layer 13 includes two ITO layers. The mass ratio of In2O3 in the target material used to sputter the ITO layer to SnO2 in the target material used to sputter the ITO layer is 90:10.

[0095] Example 1

[0096] The inner glass plate 11 is made of gray glass having a thickness of 2.1 mm, and the visible light transmittance of the inner glass plate 11 is 28%. The adhesive layer 17 is a gray PVB with a thickness of 0.76 mm, and the visible light transmittance of the adhesive layer 17 is 2%. The outer glass plate 15 is made of green glass having a thickness of 2.1 mm, and the visible light transmittance of the outer glass plate 15 is 82%. The low-emissivity layer 13 includes a Si3N4 layer (6 nm), a SiO2 layer (63 nm), an ITO layer (20 nm), a SiO2 layer (34 nm), an ITO layer (120 nm), a Si3N4 layer (18 nm), and a SiO2 layer (82 nm), which are stacked in sequence in a direction away from the fourth surface 112.

[0097] <Example 2>

[0098] The inner glass plate 11, the outer glass plate 15, and the low-emissivity layer 13 of Example 2 are the same as those of Example 1. What is different from Example 1 is that in Example 2, the adhesive layer 17 is made of gray PVB with a thickness of 0.76 mm, and the visible light transmittance of the adhesive layer 17 is 8%.

[0099] Example 3

[0100] The inner glass plate 11 and the low-emissivity layer 13 of Example 3 are the same as those of Example 1. The difference from Example 1 is that in Example 3, the outer glass plate 15 is gray glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm, and the visible light transmittance of the outer glass plate 15 is 40%, and the adhesive layer 17 is gray PVB with a thickness of 0.76 mm, and the visible light transmittance of the adhesive layer 17 is 8%.

[0101] Example 4

[0102] The inner glass plate 11 of Example 4 is the same as that of Example 1. The differences from Example 1 are that in Example 4, the outer glass plate 15 is gray glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm and has a visible light transmittance of 40%, the adhesive layer 17 is gray PVB with a thickness of 0.76 mm and has a visible light transmittance of 18%, and the low-emissivity layer 13 includes a SiN layer (6 nm), a SiO layer (63 nm), an ITO layer (20 nm), a SiO layer (34 nm), an ITO layer (80 nm), a SiN layer (18 nm), and a SiO layer (82 nm), which are stacked in this order in a direction away from the fourth surface 112.

[0103] <Example 5>

[0104] The inner glass plate 11 of Example 5 is the same as that of Example 1. The differences from Example 1 are that in Example 5, the outer glass plate 15 is gray glass with a thickness of 2.1 mm and has a visible light transmittance of 28%, the adhesive layer 17 is gray PVB with a thickness of 0.76 mm and has a visible light transmittance of 18%, and the low-emissivity layer 13 includes a SiN layer (6 nm), a SiO layer (63 nm), an ITO layer (20 nm), a SiO layer (34 nm), an ITO layer (100 nm), a SiN layer (18 nm), and a SiO layer (82 nm), which are stacked in this order in a direction away from the fourth surface 112.

[0105] <Performance test>

[0106] The laminated glass 10 in each of Examples 1 to 5 was obtained by an automotive glass manufacturing method, and then subjected to a visible light transmittance (TL) test, an infrared transmittance (T nIR ) test, infrared reflectance (R IR ) test and a solar heat gain coefficient (TTS) test are performed to calculate the insulation coefficient (C). The test results and calculation results for Examples 1 to 5 are shown in Table 1.

[0107] Visible Light Transmittance (TL) Test: According to the standard ISO9050, the transmittance of the laminated glass 10 to visible light in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm is measured and calculated.

[0108] Infrared transmittance (T nIR ) Test: According to the standard ISO9050, the transmittance of the laminated glass 10 to infrared rays with wavelengths in the range of 1000 nm to 1250 nm is measured and calculated.

[0109] Infrared reflectance (R IR ) Test: Measurement is made from one side of the low-emissivity layer 13, which is farther from the inner glass pane 11. In accordance with the standard ISO 9050, the reflectance of the laminated glass 10 to infrared rays with wavelengths in the range of 780 nm to 2500 nm is measured and calculated.

[0110] Solar heat gain coefficient (TTS) test: According to standard ISO 9050, the solar heat gain coefficient of the laminated glass 10 for light with wavelengths in the range of 300 nm to 2500 nm is measured and calculated.

[0111] Calculation of the thermal insulation coefficient (C): The thermal insulation coefficient of laminated glass 10 is calculated using the formula C=T nIR / R IR It is calculated as follows.

[0112] Testing emissivity (e): emissivity is measured with an emissivity meter from one side of the low emissivity layer 13 far from the inner glass pane 11, i.e., from one side inside the vehicle.

[0113] Test results and calculation results for the laminated glass 10 in each of Examples 1 to 5 [Table 1]

[0114] As can be seen from Table 1, by selecting an appropriate outer glass sheet 15, adhesive layer 17, and inner glass sheet 11 with a low-emissivity layer 13, the visible light transmittance (TL) of the laminated glass 10 according to Examples 1 to 5 ranged from 0.5% to 7%, and even from 0.5% to 4%. The solar heat gain coefficient (TTS) of the laminated glass 10 according to Examples 1 to 5 was 25% or less, and even 20% or less. The emissivity (e) of the laminated glass 10 according to Examples 1 to 5 was 0.20 or less. As a result, the laminated glass 10 exhibited low visible light transmittance, excellent heat insulation, and low emissivity, making it suitable for use as a panoramic sunroof or panoramic canopy. Furthermore, each of the laminated glasses 10 according to Examples 1 to 5 had a relatively low thermal insulation coefficient (C), ranging from 0.03 to 0.25. As a result, the laminated glass 10 according to Examples 1 to 5 has a relatively good heat insulating effect, and when used as a panoramic sunroof glass or a panoramic canopy glass, it can provide passengers with a sufficiently good somatic sensation.

[0115] <Examples 6 to 10>

[0116] The laminated glass 10 in Examples 6 to 10 includes a low-emissivity layer 13, an inner glass sheet 11, an adhesive layer 17, an infrared-reflective layer 18, and an outer glass sheet 15, which are sequentially stacked. The low-emissivity layer 13 includes a Si3N4 layer, a SiO2 layer, an ITO layer, a SiO2 layer, an ITO layer, a Si3N4 layer, and a SiO2 layer, which are sequentially stacked on the fourth surface 112 of the inner glass sheet 11 by magnetron sputtering. The ITO layer is a transparent conductive oxide layer, and the other layers are first dielectric layers. The low-emissivity layer 13 includes two ITO layers. The mass ratio of SnO2 to In2O3 in the sputtering target material for the ITO layer is 90:10. The infrared-reflective layer 18 is deposited on the second surface 152 of the outer glass sheet 15 by magnetron sputtering. The infrared reflective layer 18 includes two or three metal layers 184 and a plurality of second dielectric layers, and the metal layers 184 are silver layers.

[0117] Example 6

[0118] The inner glass plate 11 is made of gray glass having a thickness of 2.1 mm, and the visible light transmittance of the inner glass plate 11 is 28%. The adhesive layer 17 is a gray PVB with a thickness of 0.76 mm, and the visible light transmittance of the adhesive layer 17 is 18%. The outer glass plate 15 is a transparent glass having a thickness of 2.1 mm, and the visible light transmittance of the outer glass plate 15 is 88%. The low-emissivity layer 13 includes a Si3N4 layer (6 nm), a SiO2 layer (63 nm), an ITO layer (20 nm), a SiO2 layer (34 nm), an ITO layer (120 nm), a Si3N4 layer (18 nm), and a SiO2 layer (82 nm), which are stacked in sequence in a direction away from the fourth surface 112. The infrared reflective layer 18 is made up of a Si3N4 layer (32 nm), an AZO layer (7 nm), an Ag layer (10.1 nm), and a TiO x layer (2nm), AZO layer (8nm), ZnSnO xlayer (66nm), AZO layer (7nm), Ag layer (8.1nm), TiO x layer (2nm), AZO layer (8nm), ZnSnO x The AZO layer is aluminum-doped zinc oxide.

[0119] Example 7

[0120] The inner glass plate 11, outer glass plate 15, low-emissivity layer 13, and infrared-reflective layer 18 of Example 7 are the same as those of Example 6. The difference from Example 6 is that the adhesive layer 17 of Example 7 is a gray PVB with a thickness of 0.76 mm, and the visible light transmittance of the adhesive layer 17 is 8%.

[0121] Example 8

[0122] The inner glass plate 11, outer glass plate 15, low-emissivity layer 13, and infrared-reflective layer 18 of Example 8 are the same as those of Example 6. The difference from Example 6 is that the adhesive layer 17 of Example 8 is a gray PVB with a thickness of 0.76 mm, and the visible light transmittance of the adhesive layer 17 is 2%.

[0123] Example 9

[0124] The outer glass plate 15 and the low-emissivity layer 13 of Example 9 are the same as those of Example 6. The difference from Example 6 is that in Example 9, the inner glass plate 11 is gray glass having a thickness of 2.1 mm, and the visible light transmittance of the inner glass plate 11 is 40%, the adhesive layer 17 is gray PVB having a thickness of 0.76 mm, and the visible light transmittance of the adhesive layer 17 is 8%, and the infrared reflective layer 18 is ZnSnO x layer (26nm), AZO layer (10.8nm), Ag layer (13nm), AZO layer (8.6nm), ZnSnO x layer (56.8nm), AZO layer (8.8nm), Ag layer (14.4nm) layer, AZO layer (8.4nm), ZnSnO x layer (54.8nm), AZO layer (8.6nm), Ag layer (13nm), AZO layer (9nm), ZnSnOx The SiN layer (19.9 nm) and the Si3N4 layer (10.3 nm) were included.

[0125] Example 10

[0126] The inner glass plate 11, the outer glass plate 15, and the low-emissivity layer 13 of Example 10 are the same as those of Example 6. The difference from Example 6 is that in Example 10, the adhesive layer 17 is a gray PVB with a thickness of 0.76 mm, the visible light transmittance of the adhesive layer 17 is 5%, and the infrared reflective layer 18 is a ZnSnO x layer (26nm), AZO layer (10.8nm), Ag layer (13nm), AZO layer (8.6nm), ZnSnO x layer (56.8nm), AZO layer (8.8nm), Ag layer (14.4nm) layer, AZO layer (8.4nm), ZnSnO x layer (54.8nm), AZO layer (8.6nm), Ag layer (13nm), AZO layer (9nm), ZnSnO x The SiN layer (19.9 nm) and the Si3N4 layer (10.3 nm) were included.

[0127] <Performance test>

[0128] The laminated glass 10 in each of Examples 6 to 10 was obtained by an automotive glass manufacturing method, and then subjected to a visible light transmittance (TL) test, an infrared transmittance (T nIR ) test, infrared reflectance (R IR ) test and a solar heat gain coefficient (TTS) test are performed to calculate the insulation coefficient (C). The test results and calculation results for Examples 6 to 10 are shown in Table 2.

[0129] Visible Light Transmittance (TL) Test: According to the standard ISO9050, the transmittance of the laminated glass 10 to visible light in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm is measured and calculated.

[0130] Infrared transmittance (T nIR) Test: According to the standard ISO9050, the transmittance of the laminated glass 10 to infrared rays with wavelengths in the range of 1000 nm to 1250 nm is measured and calculated.

[0131] Infrared reflectance (R IR ) Test: Measurement is made from one side of the low-emissivity layer 13, which is farther from the inner glass pane 11. In accordance with the standard ISO 9050, the reflectance of the laminated glass 10 to infrared rays with wavelengths in the range of 780 nm to 2500 nm is measured and calculated.

[0132] Solar heat gain coefficient (TTS) test: According to standard ISO 9050, the solar heat gain coefficient of the laminated glass 10 for light with wavelengths in the range of 300 nm to 2500 nm is measured and calculated.

[0133] Calculation of the thermal insulation coefficient (C): The thermal insulation coefficient of laminated glass is calculated using the formula C=T nIR / R IR It is calculated as follows.

[0134] Emissivity (e) test: measured with an emissivity meter from one side of the low emissivity layer 13 far from the inner glass pane 11, i.e., from one side inside the vehicle.

[0135] Test results and calculation results for the laminated glass 10 in each of Examples 6 to 10 [Table 2]

[0136] As can be seen from Table 2, by adding the infrared-reflecting layer 18 and selecting an appropriate adhesive layer 17 and an inner glass sheet 11 with a low-emissivity layer 13, the visible light transmittance (TL) of the laminated glass 10 of Examples 6 to 10 ranged from 0.5% to 6%, and further ranged from 0.5% to 3%. The solar heat gain coefficient (TTS) of the laminated glass 10 of Examples 6 to 10 was 16% or less, and further ranged from 13% or less. The emissivity (e) of the laminated glass 10 of Examples 6 to 10 was 0.20 or less. As a result, the laminated glass 10 exhibited low visible light transmittance, excellent heat insulation, and low emissivity, making it suitable for use as a panoramic sunroof or panoramic canopy. Furthermore, each of the laminated glasses 10 of Examples 6 to 10 had a relatively low thermal insulation coefficient (C), ranging from 0.009 to 0.15, from 0.009 to 0.10, and further ranged from 0.009 to 0.05. As a result, the laminated glass 10 according to Examples 6 to 10 has a relatively good heat insulating effect, and when used as a panoramic sunroof glass or a panoramic canopy glass, it can provide passengers with a sufficiently good somatic sensation.

[0137] Referring to FIG. 11 , an embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle 30. The vehicle 30 includes a vehicle body 31 and a laminated glass 10 according to the present application. The laminated glass 10 is attached to the vehicle body 31 as at least one of a sunroof glass, a side window glass, and a rear window of the vehicle 30. In the vehicle 30 according to the present application, the laminated glass 10 has a relatively low visible light transmittance and a relatively low solar heat gain coefficient, so that the laminated glass 10 has a relatively good heat blocking effect. Furthermore, when the laminated glass 10 is applied to a vehicle, the laminated glass 10 has a relatively low emissivity, so that it can provide a good passenger experience.

[0138] Optionally, the vehicle 30 may be, but is not limited to, a car, truck, or passenger vehicle.

[0139] As can be appreciated, in some embodiments, the sunroof glass of the vehicle 30 is the laminated glass 10 according to the present application. In other embodiments, the side window glass of the vehicle 30 is the laminated glass 10 according to the present application. In other embodiments, the rear window glass of the vehicle 30 is the laminated glass 10 according to the present application. In other embodiments, the sunroof glass and rear window glass of the vehicle 30 are the laminated glass 10 according to the present application. In other embodiments, the sunroof glass and side window glass of the vehicle 30 are the laminated glass 10 according to the present application. In other embodiments, the side window glass and rear window glass of the vehicle 30 are the laminated glass 10 according to the present application. In other embodiments, the sunroof glass, side window glass and rear window glass of the vehicle 30 are the laminated glass 10 according to the present application.

[0140] The terms "embodiment" and "embodiment" used in this application mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearance of such words anywhere in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it mean that the embodiment is an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art can explicitly or implicitly understand that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments. It should be further understood that the features, structures, or characteristics described in each embodiment of the application can be arbitrarily combined, as long as they are not mutually inconsistent, to obtain an embodiment that does not deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the application.

[0141] Finally, the above embodiments are only used to explain the technical solution of the present application, and do not limit the technical solution of the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above comparatively preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present application may be amended or substituted with an equivalent, and these amendments or substitutions do not depart from the scope of the technical solution of the present application. [Explanation of symbols]

[0142] 10...laminated glass, 11...inner glass plate, 111...third surface, 112...fourth surface, 13...low-emissivity layer, 131...transparent conductive oxide layer, 132...first dielectric layer, 15...outer glass plate, 151...first surface, 152...second surface, 17...adhesive layer, 18...infrared reflective layer, 181...second dielectric layer, 182...second inner dielectric layer, 183...second outer dielectric layer, 184...metal layer, 19...light control element, 30...vehicle, 31...vehicle body.

Claims

1. Laminated glass, The laminated glass includes an outer glass sheet, an adhesive layer, an inner glass sheet, and a low-emissivity layer, which are laminated in this order; the outer glass sheet has a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other, the inner glass sheet has a third surface and a fourth surface arranged opposite to each other, and the adhesive layer is used to connect the second surface and the third surface; the low-emissivity layer is provided on the fourth surface of the inner glass sheet, and the low-emissivity layer includes one to three transparent conductive oxide layers; The thermal insulation coefficient C of the laminated glass is C = T ｎＩＲ / R ＩＲ The range of the thermal insulation coefficient C of the laminated glass is 0.008≦C≦0.4, and T ｎＩＲ is the transmittance of the laminated glass to infrared rays having a wavelength of 1000 nm to 1250 nm, and R ＩＲ is the reflectance of the laminated glass for infrared radiation having a wavelength of 780 nm to 2500 nm, measured from the side of the low-emissivity layer farther from the inner glass pane; The laminated glass is characterized by:

2. The material of the transparent conductive oxide layer is indium tin oxide, the inner glass sheet contains iron oxide, and the mass of Fe in the inner glass sheet relative to the mass of indium in the transparent conductive oxide layer is ２ O ３ the ratio of the mass of total iron to the mass of total iron is 20:1 to 500:1; 2. The laminated glass according to claim 1.

3. The inner glass pane is a colored glass, and the Fe ２ O ３ the range of the total iron mass fraction, expressed as , is 0.9% to 2.2%, and the range of the thickness of the inner glass pane is 0.7 mm to 2.1 mm; 3. The laminated glass according to claim 2.

4. The total thickness of the transparent conductive oxide layer is in the range of 50 nm to 300 nm.

3. The laminated glass according to claim 2.

5. The laminated glass has a visible light transmittance ranging from 0.5% to 10%, an emissivity of the laminated glass measured from the side of the low-emissivity layer remote from the inner glass pane is 0.25 or less, and a visible light reflectance of the laminated glass measured from the side of the low-emissivity layer remote from the inner glass pane is 4% or less.

2. The laminated glass according to claim 1.

6. the low-emissivity layer further includes at least two first dielectric layers, one on each of two opposing surfaces of each of the transparent conductive oxide layers, and the material of the first dielectric layers is selected from nitrides, oxides, and oxynitrides of at least one element selected from zinc (Zn), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), silicon (Si), aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), and zirconium (Zr); 2. The laminated glass according to claim 1.

7. The laminated glass further includes an infrared reflective layer, the infrared reflective layer being disposed between the inner glass sheet and the outer glass sheet, the infrared reflective layer including one to five metal layers, and the material of the metal layers being selected from metals or alloys of at least one element selected from silver (Ag), gold (Au), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), and platinum (Pt).

2. The laminated glass according to claim 1.

8. the infrared reflective layer further includes at least two second dielectric layers, one on each of two opposing surfaces of each of the metal layers, and the material of the second dielectric layers is selected from the group consisting of nitrides, oxides, and oxynitrides of at least one element selected from zinc (Zn), tin (Sn), titanium (Ti), silicon (Si), aluminum (Al), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), niobium (Nb), magnesium (Mg), zirconium (Zr), gallium (Ga), yttrium (Y), indium (In), antimony (Sb), vanadium (V), and tantalum (Ta); 8. The laminated glass according to claim 7.

9. The outer glass plate is a transparent glass having a visible light transmittance of 80% or more.

8. The laminated glass according to claim 7.

10. The laminated glass does not include an infrared reflective layer, the outer glass sheet is a tinted glass, and the Fe in the outer glass sheet ２ O ３ the range of the total iron mass fraction, expressed as , is 0.7% to 2.2%, and the range of the thickness of the outer glass pane is 2.1 mm to 4.2 mm; 2. The laminated glass according to claim 1.

11. The range of the thermal insulation coefficient C of the laminated glass is 0.03≦C≦0.25; 2. The laminated glass according to claim 1.

12. The range of the thermal insulation coefficient C of the laminated glass is 0.009≦C≦0.15; 2. The laminated glass according to claim 1.

13. the adhesive layer is a colored thermoplastic polymer film, the thermoplastic polymer film being selected from at least one of polyvinyl butyral, polyurethane, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, and ionic polymer, and the visible light transmittance of the adhesive layer is 1% to 20%; 2. The laminated glass according to claim 1.

14. the visible light transmittance of the inner glass sheet is 34% to 42%, and in the Lab values ​​of the color of the inner glass sheet, the L value is in the range of 65 to 71.5, the a value is in the range of -3.5 to -2, and the b value is in the range of 2 to 3.5; 2. The laminated glass according to claim 1.

15. the visible light transmittance of the inner glass sheet is 26% to 34%, and in the Lab values ​​of the color of the inner glass sheet, the L value is in the range of 58.5 to 65, the a value is in the range of −5 to −3.5, and the b value is in the range of 0.5 to 2; 2. The laminated glass according to claim 1.

16. The laminated glass further includes a light control element, the light control element being disposed between the second surface and the third surface, and the light control element including at least one of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal light control film, a suspended particle device light control film, and an electrochromic light control film.

2. The laminated glass according to claim 1.

17. A vehicle, A vehicle body and the laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 16, The laminated glass is attached to the vehicle body as at least one of a sunroof glass, a side window glass, and a rear glass of the vehicle. A vehicle characterized by:

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