Coexistence between different automotive wireless access technologies

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to managing wireless communications in a vehicular communication system. In some aspects, a coexistence manager may receive an interrupt signal from a first component associated with a first automotive radio access technology (RAT) to indicate first timing information associated with an upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT. The coexistence manager may monitor second timing information associated with a transmission by a second component associated with a second automotive RAT. The coexistence manager may perform actions to manage coexistence between the upcoming transmission by the first component and the transmission by the second component according to the first timing information associated with the upcoming transmission by the first component and the second timing information associated with the transmission by the second component. Numerous other aspects are described.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications and to techniques and apparatus related to coexistence between different automotive radio access technologies (RATs). [Background technology]

[0002] Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications is an umbrella term that generally refers to technologies that can be used to communicate information between vehicles equipped with appropriate communications capabilities and one or more other devices. For example, V2X communications can include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications technologies that enable vehicles to communicate with each other (e.g., to support safety systems with non-line-of-sight and latency-sensitive collision avoidance capabilities), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications technologies that enable vehicles to communicate with external systems such as streetlights and / or buildings, vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) communications technologies that enable vehicles to communicate with smartphones and / or connected wearable devices, and / or vehicle-to-network (V2N) communications technologies that enable vehicles to communicate with network devices. In general, V2X communications can be supported using one or more automotive RATs as enabling technologies.

[0003] However, in some cases, challenges can arise when different automotive RATs are deployed on different channels within an intelligent transport system (ITS) band. For example, dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) is an automotive RAT generally based on IEEE 802.11p, an approved amendment to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard. (For example, DSRC is a Wi-Fi solution for supporting V2X communications, including data exchange between high-speed vehicles, i.e., V2V communications, and data exchange between vehicles and roadside infrastructure, i.e., V2I communications.) On the other hand, cellular V2X (C-V2X) is an automotive RAT based on the 3GPP standard that uses mobile cellular connectivity based on the LTE RAT or NR RAT to exchange messages between vehicles, pedestrians, wayside traffic control devices such as traffic signals, and wireless network infrastructure. In some regions (e.g., Europe and Japan), DSRC-enabled vehicles have already been deployed in large numbers. However, as DSRC has not been widely adopted (e.g., partly due to its high cost and lack of interoperability with existing cellular networks), C-V2X has emerged as a more promising automotive RAT for enabling V2X applications worldwide.

[0004] However, because many vehicles are already deployed with support for DSRC, a V2X communication system (e.g., a V2X transceiver) may need to simultaneously support different automotive RATs for both transmission and reception (e.g., a V2X communication system on a new vehicle may support DSRC to communicate with older vehicles that only support DSRC, and may support C-V2X to communicate with newer vehicles, pedestrian devices, RSUs, and / or network infrastructure based on the C-V2X standard). However, enabling simultaneous support of DSRC and C-V2X poses various challenges. For example, a V2X communication system typically includes two antennas shared for transmission and reception using different automotive RATs, such as DSRC and C-V2X. This may be due, for example, to the high cost of cabling on the vehicle platform and / or insufficient isolation between the antennas. In some cases, the half-duplex nature of V2X technology may be due to the limitations of shared antennas for transmission and reception in V2X. For example, transmissions using any automotive RAT from any one antenna may result in the absence of reception of any automotive RAT from all antennas. Furthermore, only one automotive RAT may be active at any given time (e.g., two antennas may both be used for DSRC or both for C-V2X at any given time), and different automotive RATs may be associated with slot structures that are not time-aligned. Therefore, there may be Tx-Tx and / or Rx-Tx collisions between DSRC and C-V2X, which may degrade V2X performance and / or cause safety issues due to collisions, resulting in failure to receive or transmit V2X messages. Furthermore, different vehicles in close proximity to each other may support different automotive RATs (e.g., a vehicle supporting DSRC communications travels in a lane next to another vehicle supporting C-V2X communications), which may result in further Tx-Tx and / or Rx-Tx collisions between these different automotive communication systems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Some aspects described herein relate to a coexistence manager for managing wireless communications in a vehicular communication system. The coexistence manager may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to receive an interrupt signal from a first component associated with a first automotive radio access technology (RAT) to a second component associated with a second automotive RAT to indicate first timing information associated with an upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT. The one or more processors may be configured to monitor second timing information associated with a transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT. The one or more processors may be configured to perform actions to manage coexistence between an upcoming transmission by a first component associated with the first automotive RAT and a transmission by a second component associated with the second automotive RAT according to first timing information associated with an upcoming transmission by a first component associated with the first automotive RAT and second timing information associated with a transmission by a second component associated with the second automotive RAT.

[0006] Some aspects described herein relate to a coexistence manager for managing wireless communications in a vehicular communication system. The coexistence manager may include a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors may be configured to monitor a first transmit power level on a first transmission path associated with a first component associated with a first automotive RAT. The one or more processors may be configured to monitor a second transmit power level on a second transmission path associated with a second component associated with a second automotive RAT. The one or more processors may be configured to control power leakage on a hardware leakage path from the first transmission path associated with the first component to a receive path associated with the second component according to the first transmit power level on the first transmission path and the second transmit power level on the second transmission path.

[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to a method performed by user equipment (UE) for managing wireless communications in a vehicular communication system. The method may include receiving, from a first component associated with a first automotive RAT, an interrupt signal transmitted to a second component associated with a second automotive RAT, the interrupt signal indicating first timing information associated with an upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT. The method may include monitoring second timing information associated with the transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT. The method may include performing, according to the first timing information associated with the upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT and the second timing information associated with the transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT, actions to manage coexistence between the upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT and the transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT.

[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to a method for managing wireless communications in a vehicular communication system, performed by a UE. The method may include monitoring a first transmit power level on a first transmit path associated with a first component associated with a first automotive RAT. The method may include monitoring a second transmit power level on a second transmit path associated with a second component associated with a second automotive RAT. The method may include controlling power leakage on a hardware leakage path from the first transmit path associated with the first component to a receive path associated with the second component according to the first transmit power level on the first transmit path and the second transmit power level on the second transmit path.

[0009] Certain aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for managing wireless communications in a vehicular communication system by a coexistence manager. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the coexistence manager, may cause the coexistence manager to receive an interrupt signal from a first component associated with a first automotive RAT to be transmitted to a second component associated with a second automotive RAT, the interrupt signal indicating first timing information associated with an upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT. The set of instructions, when executed by the one or more processors of the coexistence manager, may cause the coexistence manager to monitor second timing information associated with a transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the coexistence manager, may cause the coexistence manager to perform actions to manage coexistence between an upcoming transmission by a first component associated with the first automotive RAT and a transmission by a second component associated with the second automotive RAT in accordance with first timing information associated with the upcoming transmission by a first component associated with the first automotive RAT and second timing information associated with the transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT.

[0010] Certain aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for managing wireless communications in a vehicular communication system by a coexistence manager. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the coexistence manager, may cause the coexistence manager to monitor a first transmit power level on a first transmit path associated with a first component associated with a first automotive RAT. The set of instructions, when executed by the one or more processors of the coexistence manager, may cause the coexistence manager to monitor a second transmit power level on a second transmit path associated with a second component associated with a second automotive RAT. The set of instructions, when executed by the one or more processors of the coexistence manager, may cause the coexistence manager to control power leakage on a hardware leakage path from a first transmit path associated with the first component to a receive path associated with the second component according to the first transmit power level on the first transmit path and the second transmit power level on the second transmit path.

[0011] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for managing wireless communications in a vehicular communication system. The apparatus may include means for receiving, from a first component associated with a first automotive RAT, an interrupt signal transmitted to a second component associated with a second automotive RAT indicating first timing information associated with an upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT. The interrupt signal may include means for monitoring second timing information associated with a transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT. The apparatus may include means for performing, according to the first timing information associated with the upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT and the second timing information associated with the transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT, an action to manage coexistence between the upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT and a transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT.

[0012] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for managing wireless communications in a vehicular communication system. The apparatus may include means for monitoring a first transmit power level on a first transmit path associated with a first component associated with a first automotive RAT. The apparatus may include means for monitoring a second transmit power level on a second transmit path associated with a second component associated with a second automotive RAT. The apparatus may include means for controlling power leakage on a hardware leakage path from the first transmit path associated with the first component to a receive path associated with the second component according to the first transmit power level on the first transmit path and the second transmit power level on the second transmit path.

[0013] Aspects generally include methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, network entities, network nodes, wireless communication devices, and / or processing systems substantially as described herein with reference to and as illustrated in the drawings and this specification.

[0014] The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technical advantages of embodiments according to the present disclosure in order that the following Detailed Description may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described hereinafter. The concepts and specific examples disclosed may readily be utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. The nature of the concepts disclosed herein, both their organization and method of operation, together with associated advantages, will be better understood by considering the following description in conjunction with the accompanying figures. Each of the figures is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims.

[0015] Although aspects are described in this disclosure by way of example for some examples, those skilled in the art will understand that such aspects may be implemented in many different configurations and scenarios. The techniques described herein may be implemented using a variety of platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and / or packaging configurations. For example, some aspects may be implemented via integrated chip embodiments or other non-modular component-based devices (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communications devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / purchasing devices, medical devices, and / or artificial intelligence devices). Aspects may be implemented in chip-level components, modular components, non-modular components, non-chip-level components, device-level components, and / or system-level components. Devices incorporating the described aspects and features may include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the claimed and described aspects. For example, transmitting and receiving wireless signals may include one or more components (e.g., hardware components including antennas, radio frequency (RF) chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, summers, and / or analog summers) for analog and digital purposes. It is contemplated that aspects described herein may be practiced in a wide variety of devices, components, systems, distributed configurations, and / or end-user devices of various sizes, shapes, and configurations.

[0016] In order that the above-listed features of the present disclosure may be understood in detail, a more detailed description briefly summarized above may be had by reference to aspects, some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. It should be noted, however, that the accompanying drawings illustrate only certain exemplary aspects of the present disclosure, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present disclosure, as the description may be incorporated into other equally effective aspects. The same reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless network that supports different radio access technologies (RATs). [Figure 2] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of at least two user equipments (UEs) communicating using sidelink communication and vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of side link communication and access link communication. [Figure 4A]

[0023] Figures 4A and 4B illustrate examples associated with coexistence between different automotive radio access technologies (RATs). Figure 4A illustrates an example communication system that may be used in a vehicle UE to enable simultaneous support of dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) and cellular V2X (C-V2X) communications using an interrupt-based technique for transferring timing information to intelligently coordinate coexistence between DSRC and C-V2X components. Figure 4B illustrates various scenarios in which a coexistence manager resolves potential conflicts between DSRC and C-V2X transmissions. Figure 4C illustrates various scenarios in which a coexistence manager resolves potential conflicts between DSRC and C-V2X transmissions. Figure 4D illustrates an example communication system that may be used in a vehicle UE to enable simultaneous support of DSRC and C-V2X by controlling power leakage on hardware leakage paths associated with different RATs. [Figure 4B]

[0023] Figures 4A and 4B illustrate examples associated with coexistence between different automotive radio access technologies (RATs). Figure 4A illustrates an example communication system that may be used in a vehicle UE to enable simultaneous support of dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) and cellular V2X (C-V2X) communications using an interrupt-based technique for transferring timing information to intelligently coordinate coexistence between DSRC and C-V2X components. Figure 4B illustrates various scenarios in which a coexistence manager resolves potential conflicts between DSRC and C-V2X transmissions. Figure 4C illustrates various scenarios in which a coexistence manager resolves potential conflicts between DSRC and C-V2X transmissions. Figure 4D illustrates an example communication system that may be used in a vehicle UE to enable simultaneous support of DSRC and C-V2X by controlling power leakage on hardware leakage paths associated with different RATs. [Figure 4C]

[0023] Figures 4A and 4B illustrate examples associated with coexistence between different automotive radio access technologies (RATs). Figure 4A illustrates an example communication system that may be used in a vehicle UE to enable simultaneous support of dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) and cellular V2X (C-V2X) communications using an interrupt-based technique for transferring timing information to intelligently coordinate coexistence between DSRC and C-V2X components. Figure 4B illustrates various scenarios in which a coexistence manager resolves potential conflicts between DSRC and C-V2X transmissions. Figure 4C illustrates various scenarios in which a coexistence manager resolves potential conflicts between DSRC and C-V2X transmissions. Figure 4D illustrates an example communication system that may be used in a vehicle UE to enable simultaneous support of DSRC and C-V2X by controlling power leakage on hardware leakage paths associated with different RATs. [Figure 4D]

[0023] Figures 4A and 4B illustrate examples associated with coexistence between different automotive radio access technologies (RATs). Figure 4A illustrates an example communication system that may be used in a vehicle UE to enable simultaneous support of dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) and cellular V2X (C-V2X) communications using an interrupt-based technique for transferring timing information to intelligently coordinate coexistence between DSRC and C-V2X components. Figure 4B illustrates various scenarios in which a coexistence manager resolves potential conflicts between DSRC and C-V2X transmissions. Figure 4C illustrates various scenarios in which a coexistence manager resolves potential conflicts between DSRC and C-V2X transmissions. Figure 4D illustrates an example communication system that may be used in a vehicle UE to enable simultaneous support of DSRC and C-V2X by controlling power leakage on hardware leakage paths associated with different RATs. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary process associated with coexistence between different automotive RATs. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary process associated with coexistence between different automotive RATs. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a diagram of an exemplary apparatus for managing coexistence between different automotive RATs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] Various aspects of the present disclosure will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the scope of the present disclosure is intended to encompass all aspects of the present disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently or in combination with any other aspects of the present disclosure. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspects described herein. Furthermore, the scope of the present disclosure is intended to encompass such apparatuses or methods practiced using other structure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to or other than the various aspects of the present disclosure described herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the present disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.

[0019] Several aspects of telecommunications systems will now be presented with reference to various apparatus and techniques. These apparatus and techniques are described in the Detailed Description below and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0020] Although aspects may be described herein using terminology commonly associated with 5G or New Radio (NR) radio access technologies (RATs), aspects of the present disclosure may be applied to other RATs, such as 3G RATs, 4G RATs, 5G and later (e.g., 6G) RATs, and / or Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC) RATs, as other examples.

[0021] Various aspects described herein generally relate to a coexistence manager that can manage coexistence in a vehicular communication system that supports different automotive radio access technologies (RATs). For example, some aspects described herein more particularly relate to interrupt-based techniques that may be implemented in a coexistence manager to resolve transmit-transmit collisions, transmit-receive collisions, and / or other collisions that may potentially occur when a first automotive RAT, such as dedicated short-range communications (DSRC), and a second automotive RAT, such as cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X), share one or more antennas, but only one automotive RAT can be active at a given time. For example, in some aspects, the coexistence manager may use interrupt-based techniques to transfer timing information between one or more DSRC components and one or more C-V2X components to intelligently coordinate coexistence between the DSRC and C-V2X components. For example, in an interrupt-based technique, the C-V2X component may assert an interrupt to indicate timing information associated with an upcoming C-V2X transmission, and the coexistence manager may send control signals to the DSRC and / or C-V2X components as needed to avoid or resolve potential collisions between the upcoming C-V2X and DSRC transmissions. For example, if a DSRC transmission is in progress when an interrupt from the C-V2X component is asserted, the coexistence manager may allow the ongoing DSRC transmission to continue if the ongoing DSRC transmission can finish before the upcoming C-V2X transmission starts, send control signals to drop (e.g., suppress) a portion of the ongoing DSRC transmission that overlaps with the upcoming C-V2X transmission, and / or send control signals to blank (e.g., suppress) a portion of the upcoming C-V2X transmission that overlaps with the ongoing DSRC transmission.Additionally or alternatively, if the DSRC component(s) assert an interrupt to initiate a DSRC transmission after receiving an interrupt from the C-V2X component(s), the coexistence manager may delay the DSRC transmission until the C-V2X transmission is complete, or may initiate the DSRC transmission and suppress the portion of the C-V2X transmission that overlaps with the DSRC transmission. Additionally or alternatively, the coexistence manager may use power leakage techniques to avoid or resolve potential collisions between the C-V2X and DSRC transmissions. For example, the vehicular communication system may include a hardware leakage path from the C-V2X transmit path to the DSRC receive path, and the coexistence manager may be configured to allow transmit power to leak from the C-V2X transmit path to the DSRC receive path when a C-V2X transmission is in progress, which may cause the DSRC component(s) to detect a channel busy condition and therefore delay the DSRC transmission until the C-V2X transmission is complete. Additionally, as the transmit power used in the C-V2X transmit path may vary, the coexistence manager may dynamically adjust the attenuation level on the hardware leakage path to ensure that the power leaking into the DSRC receive path is sufficient to cause the DSRC component(s) to detect a channel busy condition that delays the DSRC transmission.

[0022] Certain aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure may be implemented to achieve one or more of the following potential advantages. In some examples, the described techniques can be used to intelligently resolve transmit-transmit conflicts, transmit-receive conflicts, and / or other suitable conflicts in a vehicular communication system supporting different automotive RATs that share one or more antennas. For example, by using timing information associated with ongoing and / or upcoming transmissions associated with each automotive RAT, the coexistence manager can ensure that only one automotive RAT is active at a given time and minimize the duration for which transmissions associated with one automotive RAT are suppressed or delayed. Furthermore, by supporting techniques in which transmissions associated with one automotive RAT are delayed or requeued until after potentially conflicting transmissions have completed, the coexistence manager may resolve potential conflicts without losing packets that would have been transmitted using the delayed or requeued automotive RAT. Furthermore, by setting the delay duration based on the priority or importance of the packet content that is to be transmitted, the coexistence manager can ensure that important safety messages or other high-priority messages are transmitted when necessary. Furthermore, if the coexistence manager uses power leakage techniques to delay transmissions associated with a particular automotive RAT, adjusting the attenuation levels on the hardware leakage paths may ensure that components associated with the automotive RAT detect a channel busy condition and therefore delay any transmissions that may be initiated while there is an ongoing transmission associated with another automotive RAT. In this manner, as described herein, the coexistence manager may use one or more techniques to intelligently coordinate coexistence between different automotive RATs in a vehicular communication system.

[0023] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless network 100 that supports different RATs. The wireless network 100 may be, or may include elements of, a 5G (e.g., NR) network and / or a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE)) network, among other examples. The wireless network 100 may include one or more network nodes 110 (shown as network node 110a, network node 110b, network node 110c, and network node 110d), user equipment (UE) 120 or more UEs 120 (shown as UE 120a, UE 120b, UE 120c, UE 120d, and UE 120e), and / or other entities. The network nodes 110 are network nodes that communicate with the UEs 120. As shown, the network nodes 110 may include one or more network nodes. For example, network node 110 may be an aggregated network node, meaning that the aggregated network node is configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single radio access network (RAN) node (e.g., within a single device or unit). As another example, network node 110 may be a disaggregated network node (sometimes referred to as a disaggregated base station), meaning that network node 110 is configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more nodes (e.g., one or more central units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs)).

[0024] In some embodiments, the network node 110 is or includes a network node, such as a RU, that communicates with the UE 120 over a radio access link. In some embodiments, the network node 110 is or includes a network node, such as a DU, that communicates with other network nodes 110 over a fronthaul link or a midhaul link. In some embodiments, the network node 110 is or includes a network node, such as a CU, that communicates with other network nodes 110 over a midhaul link or with a core network over a backhaul link. In some embodiments, the network node 110 (e.g., an aggregated network node 110 or a disaggregated network node 110) may include multiple network nodes, such as one or more RUs, one or more CUs, and / or one or more DUs. The network nodes 110 may include, for example, NR base stations, LTE base stations, Node Bs, eNBs (e.g., in 4G), gNBs (e.g., in 5G), access points, transmission reception points (TRPs), DUs, RUs, CUs, network mobility elements, core network nodes, network elements, network equipment, RAN nodes, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the network nodes 110 may interconnect to each other or to one or more other network nodes 110 within the wireless network 100 through various types of fronthaul, midhaul, and / or backhaul interfaces, such as direct physical connections, air interfaces, or virtual networks, using any suitable transport network.

[0025] In some embodiments, a network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the term “cell” can refer to the coverage area of ​​the network node 110 and / or a network node subsystem serving that coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. The network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a macrocell, a picocell, a femtocell, and / or another type of cell. A macrocell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a few kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions. A picocell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions. A femtocell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs 120 having an association with the femtocell (e.g., UEs 120 in a closed subscriber group (CSG)). A network node 110 for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro network node. A network node 110 for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico network node. A network node 110 for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto network node or a home network node. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , network node 110a may be a macro network node for macro cell 102a, network node 110b may be a pico network node for pico cell 102b, and network node 110c may be a femto network node for femto cell 102c. A network node may support one or multiple (e.g., three) cells. In some embodiments, a cell may not necessarily be fixed, and the geographic area of ​​a cell may move according to the location of a mobile network node 110 (e.g., a mobile network node).

[0026] In some aspects, the term “base station” or “network node” may refer to an aggregated base station, a non-aggregated base station, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, or one or more components thereof. For example, in some aspects, a “base station” or “network node” may refer to a CU, DU, RU, a Near-Real Time (RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC), or a Non-Real Time (Non-RT) RIC, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the term “base station” or “network node” may refer to one device configured to perform one or more functions, such as those described herein in connection with network node 110. In some aspects, the term “base station” or “network node” may refer to multiple devices configured to perform one or more functions. For example, in some distributed systems, multiple different devices (which may be located in the same geographic location or different geographic locations) may each be configured to perform at least a portion of the functions or to replicate the performance of at least a portion of the functions, and the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to any one or more of those different devices. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one or more virtual base stations or one or more virtual base station functions. For example, in some aspects, two or more base station functions may be instantiated on a single device. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one of the base station functions and not another base station function. In this manner, a single device may include two or more base stations.

[0027] The wireless network 100 may include one or more relay stations. A relay station is a network node that can receive a data transmission from an upstream node (e.g., a network node 110 or a UE 120) and forward the data transmission to a downstream node (e.g., a UE 120 or a network node 110). A relay station may also be a UE 120 that can relay transmissions for other UEs 120. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, network node 110d (e.g., a relay network node) may communicate with network node 110a (e.g., a macro network node) and UE 120d to facilitate communications between network node 110a (e.g., a macro network node) and UE 120d. A network node 110 that relays communications may also be referred to as a relay station, a relay base station, a relay network node, a relay node, a repeater, etc.

[0028] The wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes different types of network nodes 110, such as macro network nodes, pico network nodes, femto network nodes, relay network nodes, etc. These different types of network nodes 110 may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and / or different susceptibility to interference within the wireless network 100. For example, the macro network nodes may have high transmit power levels (e.g., 5-40 watts), while the pico network nodes, femto network nodes, and relay network nodes may have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1-2 watts).

[0029] A network controller 130 may be coupled to or in communication with a set of network nodes 110 and may provide coordination and control for these network nodes 110. The network controller 130 may communicate with the network nodes 110 via backhaul or midhaul communication links. The network nodes 110 may communicate with each other directly or indirectly via wireless or wired backhaul communication links. In some aspects, the network controller 130 may be or may include a CU or a core network device.

[0030] The UEs 120 may be dispersed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE 120 may be fixed or mobile. The UEs 120 may include, for example, access terminals, terminals, mobile stations, and / or subscriber units. The UE 120 may be a mobile phone (e.g., a smartphone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring or smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device, and / or satellite radio), a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a global positioning system device, a UE function of a network node, and / or any other suitable device configured to communicate over a wireless or wired medium.

[0031] Some UEs 120 may be considered machine-type communication (MTC) UEs or evolved or enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC UEs and / or eMTC UEs may include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, and / or location tags that may communicate with a network node, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. Some UEs 120 may be considered Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices and / or may be implemented as narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) devices. Some UEs 120 may be considered customer premises equipment. The UE 120 may include a housing that houses components of the UE 120, such as a processor component and / or a memory component. In some embodiments, the processor component and the memory component may be coupled together. For example, a processor component (e.g., one or more processors) and a memory component (e.g., memory) may be operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, and / or electrically coupled.

[0032] In general, any number of wireless networks 100 may be deployed within a given geographic area. Each wireless network 100 may support a particular RAT and may operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT may be referred to as a radio technology, air interface, etc. A frequency may be referred to as a carrier, frequency channel, etc. To avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs, each frequency may support a single RAT within a given geographic area. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks may be deployed. In some cases, a DSRC RAT network may be deployed in addition to an NR or 5G RAT network.

[0033] In some embodiments, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., those shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly (e.g., without using network node 110 as an intermediary to communicate with each other) using one or more sidelink channels. For example, the UEs 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocol (which may include, e.g., a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocol, a vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocol, or a vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocol), and / or a mesh network. In such embodiments, the UEs 120 may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by the network node 110.

[0034] Devices of wireless network 100 may communicate using an electromagnetic spectrum, which may be subdivided by frequency or wavelength into various classes, bands, channels, etc. For example, devices of wireless network 100 may communicate using one or more operating bands. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified, designated by the frequency ranges FR1 (410 MHz to 7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz). It should be understood that, although a portion of FR1 is above 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as the “sub-6 GHz” band in various documents and papers. Similar nomenclature issues may arise with respect to FR2, which is often referred to (interchangeably) as the “millimeter wave” band in documents and papers, even though it is different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz to 300 GHz), which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as the “millimeter wave” band.

[0035] Frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR studies have identified operating bands for these mid-band frequencies as the frequency range designated FR3 (7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz). Frequency bands included within FR3 may inherit FR1 and / or FR2 characteristics, and thus may effectively extend the characteristics of FR1 and / or FR2 to the mid-band frequencies. Higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as the frequency ranges designated FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz to 71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz to 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz to 300 GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands is included within the EHF band.

[0036] With the above examples in mind, it should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, terms such as "sub-6 GHz," as used herein, may broadly refer to frequencies that may be below 6 GHz, frequencies that may be in the FR1 range, or frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, it should be understood that terms such as "millimeter wave," as used herein, may broadly refer to frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, frequencies that may be in the FR2, FR4, FR4-a, or FR4-1, and / or FR5 ranges, or frequencies that may be in the EHF band. It is contemplated that frequencies included within these operating bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, and / or FR5) may be modified, and the techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0037] In some aspects, UE 120 may include a coexistence manager 140. In some aspects, coexistence manager 140 may be included in a vehicular communication system of UE 120 and may be used to intelligently control coexistence between different automotive RATs supported in the vehicular communication system. For example, in some aspects, the coexistence manager may use one or more techniques described in further detail herein to ensure that only one automotive RAT is active at a given time and to resolve transmit-transmit collisions, transmit-receive collisions, and / or other potential collisions between different automotive RATs that share one or more antennas.

[0038] For example, as described in more detail elsewhere in this specification, the coexistence manager 140 may receive an interrupt signal from a first component associated with a first automotive RAT to a second component associated with a second automotive RAT indicating first timing information associated with an upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT, may monitor second timing information associated with the transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT, and may perform actions to manage coexistence between the upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT and the transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT in accordance with the first timing information associated with the upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT and the second timing information associated with the transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT.

[0039] Additionally or alternatively, in some aspects, coexistence manager 140 may monitor a first transmit power level on a first transmit path associated with a first component associated with a first automotive RAT, may monitor a second transmit power level on a second transmit path associated with a second component associated with a second automotive RAT, and may control power leakage on a hardware leakage path from the first transmit path associated with the first component to a receive path associated with the second component according to the first transmit power level on the first transmit path and the second transmit power level on the second transmit path. Additionally or alternatively, coexistence manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0040] In one example, UE 120a may correspond to a C-V2X-enabled vehicular communication system (e.g., based on an LTE RAT and / or an NR RAT) on a first vehicle or automobile, and UE 120e may correspond to a DSRC-enabled vehicular communication system that may be included on the first vehicle or automobile or a second vehicle or automobile different from the first vehicle or automobile. In some aspects, coexistence manager 140 may be located entirely on one or more components supporting C-V2X communications, entirely on one or more components supporting DSRC, partially on one or more components supporting C-V2X communications and partially on one or more components supporting DSRC, or on a separate chip or separate device (e.g., on network node 110). Furthermore, when UE 120a is communicating while moving on one or more roads, coexistence manager 140 may generally operate in a distributed manner across N vehicles or automobiles, where N is an integer having a value greater than or equal to 1.

[0041] As noted above, Figure 1 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from those described with respect to Figure 1.

[0042] FIG. 2 illustrates an example diagram 200 of at least two UEs communicating using sidelink and V2X communication.

[0043] 2, a first UE 205-1 may communicate with a second UE 205-2 (and one or more other UEs 205) via one or more sidelink channels 210. The UEs 205-1 and 205-2 may communicate using one or more sidelink channels 210 for P2P communication, D2D communication, V2X communication (which may include, for example, V2V communication, V2I communication, and / or V2P communication), and / or mesh networking. In one example, the first UE 205-1 may be a first V2X device (e.g., a first vehicle, a roadside unit (RSU), a pedestrian device, or a network node), and the second UE 205-2 may be a second V2X device (e.g., a second vehicle, an RSU, a pedestrian device, or a network node). The first V2X device and the second V2X device may communicate using cellular V2X (C-V2X) communications (e.g., V2X communications using 3GPP standardized LTE, NR, or other mobile cellular connectivity to exchange messages between vehicles, pedestrians, wayside traffic control devices, and / or other suitable V2X devices). In some aspects, one or more sidelink channels 210 may use a PC5 interface and / or operate in a high frequency band (e.g., the 5.9 GHz band). Additionally or alternatively, the UE 205 may synchronize the timing of transmission time intervals (TTIs) (e.g., frames, subframes, slots, or symbols) using global navigation satellite system (GNSS) timing.

[0044] 2, the one or more sidelink channels 210 may include a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) 215, a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) 220, and / or a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH) 225. The PSCCH 215 may be used to communicate control information, similar to the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and / or physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) used for cellular communication with the network node 110 over the access link or access channel. The PSSCH 220 may be used to communicate data, similar to the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) and / or physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) used for cellular communication with the network node 110 over the access link or access channel. For example, the PSCCH 215 may carry sidelink control information (SCI) 230, which may indicate various control information used for sidelink communication, such as one or more resources (e.g., time resources, frequency resources, and / or spatial resources), in which case a transport block (TB) 235 may be carried on the PSSCH 220. The TB 235 may include data.The PSFCH 225 may be used to communicate sidelink feedback 240 such as hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback (e.g., acknowledgement or negative acknowledgement (ACK / NACK) information), transmit power control (TPC), and / or scheduling request (SR).

[0045] In some aspects, the UE 205 may operate using a sidelink transmission mode (e.g., Mode 1), in which case resource selection and / or scheduling is performed by the network node 110 (e.g., a base station, a CU, or a DU). For example, the UE 205 may receive a grant (e.g., in downlink control information (DCI) or in a radio resource control (RRC) message, for a configured grant, etc.) from the network node 110 (e.g., directly or via one or more network nodes) for sidelink channel access and / or scheduling. In some aspects, the UE 205 may operate using a transmission mode (e.g., Mode 2), in which case resource selection and / or scheduling is performed by the UE 205 (e.g., rather than by the network node 110). In some aspects, the UE 205 may perform resource selection and / or scheduling by detecting channel availability for transmission. For example, the UE 205 may measure RSSI parameters (e.g., sidelink-RSSI (S-RSSI) parameters) associated with various sidelink channels, may measure RSRP parameters (e.g., PSSCH-RSRP parameters) associated with various sidelink channels, and / or may measure RSRQ parameters (e.g., PSSCH-RSRQ parameters) associated with various sidelink channels, and may select a channel for transmission of a sidelink communication based at least in part on the measurement(s).

[0046] Additionally or alternatively, the UE 205 may perform resource selection and / or scheduling using the SCI 230 received in the PSCCH 215, which may indicate occupied resources and / or channel parameters. Additionally or alternatively, the UE 205 may perform resource selection and / or scheduling by determining a channel busy ratio (CBR) associated with various sidelink channels, which may be used for rate control (e.g., by indicating the maximum number of resource blocks the UE 205 can use for a particular set of subframes).

[0047] In a transmission mode in which resource selection and / or scheduling is performed by the UE 205, the UE 205 may generate sidelink grants and transmit them within the SCI 230. The sidelink grant may indicate one or more parameters (e.g., transmission parameters) to be used for the upcoming sidelink transmission, such as one or more resource blocks to be used for the upcoming sidelink transmission on the PSSCH 220 (e.g., for the TB 235), one or more subframes to be used for the upcoming sidelink transmission, and / or the MCS to be used for the upcoming sidelink transmission. In some aspects, the UE 205 may generate a sidelink grant indicating one or more parameters for semi-persistent scheduling (SPS), such as the periodicity of the sidelink transmission. Additionally or alternatively, the UE 205 may generate a sidelink grant for event-driven scheduling, such as for on-demand sidelink messages.

[0048] As noted above, Figure 2 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from those described with respect to Figure 2.

[0049] FIG. 3 illustrates an example 300 of sidelink and access link communications in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0050] As shown in FIG. 3, the transmitter (Tx) / receiver (Rx) UE 305 and the Rx / Tx UE 310 may communicate with each other via a sidelink, as described above with respect to FIG. 2. In some cases, the Tx / Rx UE 305 may be a first V2X device (such as the first V2X device 205-1), and the Tx / Rx UE 310 may be a second V2X device (such as the second V2X device 205-2). As further shown, in some sidelink modes, the network node 110 may communicate with the Tx / Rx UE 305 (e.g., directly or via one or more network nodes), such as via a first access link. Additionally or alternatively, in some sidelink modes, the network node 110 may communicate with the Rx / Tx UE 310 (e.g., directly or via one or more network nodes), such as via a first access link. The Tx / Rx UE 305 and / or the Rx / Tx UE 310 may correspond to one or more UEs described elsewhere herein, such as the UE 120 of FIG. 1. Accordingly, a direct link between the UEs 120 (e.g., via a PC5 interface) may be referred to as a sidelink, and a direct link between the network 110 and the UE 120 (e.g., via a Uu interface) may be referred to as an access link. Sidelink communications may be transmitted over the sidelink, and access link communications may be transmitted over the access link. Access link communications may be either downlink communications (from the network node 110 to the UE 120) or uplink communications (from the UE 120 to the network node 110).

[0051] As noted above, Figure 3 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from those described with respect to Figure 3.

[0052] 4A-4D illustrate an example 400 associated with coexistence between different automotive RATs. FIG. 4A illustrates an example communication system that may be used in a vehicle UE to enable simultaneous support of DSRC and C-V2X communications using an interrupt-based technique for transferring timing information to intelligently coordinate coexistence between the DSRC and C-V2X components. FIG. 4B and FIG. 4C illustrate various scenarios in which a coexistence manager resolves potential conflicts between DSRC and C-V2X transmissions. FIG. 4D illustrates an example communication system that may be used in a vehicle UE to enable simultaneous support of DSRC and C-V2X by controlling power leakage on hardware leakage paths associated with different RATs.

[0053] In some cases, different automotive RATs, such as DSRC and C-V2X, may be deployed on different channels within an Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) band. For example, DSRC is generally based on IEEE 802.11p, an approved amendment to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard (e.g., DSRC is a Wi-Fi solution for supporting V2X communications, including data exchange between high-speed vehicles, i.e., V2V communications, and data exchange between vehicles and roadside infrastructure, i.e., V2I communications). On the other hand, C-V2X is an automotive RAT based on the 3GPP standard that uses mobile cellular connectivity based on the LTE RAT or NR RAT to exchange messages between vehicles, pedestrians, wayside traffic control devices such as traffic signals, and wireless network infrastructure (e.g., one or more CUs, DUs, or RUs). In some regions (e.g., Europe and Japan), DSRC-enabled vehicles have already been deployed in large numbers. However, as DSRC has not been widely adopted (e.g., partly due to its high cost and lack of interoperability with existing cellular networks), C-V2X has emerged as a more promising automotive RAT for enabling V2X applications worldwide.

[0054] However, because many vehicles are already deployed with support for DSRC, a V2X communication system (e.g., a V2X transceiver) may need to simultaneously support different automotive RATs for both transmission and reception (e.g., a V2X communication system on a new vehicle may support DSRC to communicate with older vehicles that only support DSRC, and may support C-V2X to communicate with newer vehicles, pedestrian devices, RSUs, and / or network infrastructure based on the C-V2X standard). However, enabling simultaneous support of DSRC and C-V2X poses various challenges. For example, a V2X communication system typically includes two antennas shared for transmission and reception using different automotive RATs, such as DSRC and C-V2X. This may be due, for example, to the high cost of cabling on the vehicle platform and / or insufficient isolation between the antennas. In some cases, the half-duplex nature of V2X technology may be due to the limitations of shared antennas for transmission and reception in V2X. For example, there may be a transmission using any automotive RAT from any one antenna and no reception of any automotive RAT from all antennas. Furthermore, only one automotive RAT may be active at any given time (e.g., two antennas may both be used for DSRC or both for C-V2X at any given time), and different automotive RATs may be associated with slot structures that are not time-aligned.Furthermore, different automotive RATs may use different communication technologies (e.g., OFDM with carrier-sense multiple access (CSMA) for DSRC 802.11p versus single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) with semi-persistent sensing for C-V2X), may have different transmission times (e.g., typically 0.4 milliseconds (ms) for DSRC versus 1 ms for C-V2X), and / or may have different symbol durations (e.g., 8 microseconds (μs) for DSRC versus 71 μs for C-V2X). Therefore, because there may be Tx-Tx and / or Rx-Tx collisions between DSRC and C-V2X, a V2X communication system that simultaneously supports DSRC and C-V2X may need to employ coexistence algorithms to resolve potential collisions.

[0055] For example, FIG. 4A illustrates an exemplary communication system that may be used in a vehicle UE to enable simultaneous support of DSRC and C-V2X. As shown in FIG. 4A, the communication system may support DSRC and C-V2X on different modems, which creates the need to manage coexistence between different chips supporting different automotive RATs. For example, as shown in FIG. 4A, the communication system may include a cellular modem 410, a C-V2X software-defined radio (SDR) 412 (e.g., a C-V2X radio frequency (RF) transceiver), and a C-V2X RF front-end (RFFE), which may be located on a first chip. As further shown, the communication system may include a DSRC modem 420 and a DSRC RFFE 422, which may be located on a second chip. Accordingly, the communication system may include a switching subsystem 430 for passing transmit and / or receive signals between two shared antennas and the C-V2X and DSRC components. For example, because DSRC and C-V2X are supported on different, independent modems, the switching subsystem 430 may include various switches controlled by control signals sent from the C-V2X and DSRC components (e.g., when there is an ongoing C-V2X transmission, a C-V2X Tx_On signal may be asserted or high, and when there is an ongoing DSRC transmission, a DSRC Tx_On signal may be asserted or high, and the front-end switching logic within the switching subsystem 430 may be derived from the C-V2X Tx_On and DSRC Tx_On signals). However, in some cases, there may be conflicts between two automotive RATs with different timing structures. For example, DSRC and C-V2X have different transmit timing and different Rx timing, which may potentially result in Tx-Tx and / or Rx-Rx collisions.

[0056] Thus, in some aspects, a communication system may include a coexistence manager 440 (e.g., coexistence manager 140) that may enable coexistence between DSRC and C-V2X components that share one or more antennas. In some aspects, the coexistence manager 440 may be located partially on a first chip that includes the cellular modem 410, the C-V2X SDR 412, and the C-V2X RFFE 414, and partially on a second chip that includes the DSRC modem 420 and the DSRC RFFE 422. However, it will be understood that other suitable configurations for the coexistence manager 440 are possible. For example, in some aspects, the coexistence manager 440 may be located only on the first chip that includes the cellular modem 410, the C-V2X SDR 412, and the C-V2X RFFE 414, only on the second chip that includes the DSRC modem 420 and the DSRC RFFE 422, or may be provided on separate chips.

[0057] 4A-4C and described in further detail herein, the coexistence manager 440 may be configured to monitor interrupts from the C-V2X SDR 412 and the DSRC modem 420, which indicate timing for C-V2X and DSRC transmissions, respectively. For example, the coexistence manager 440 may be configured to monitor a C-V2X interrupt indicating timing information associated with a C-V2X Tx_On signal and a DSRC interrupt indicating timing information associated with a DSRC Tx_On signal. Thus, if there is a potential Tx-Tx collision (e.g., a DSRC transmission at least partially overlaps with a C-V2X transmission) or a potential Rx-Tx collision (e.g., a DSRC transmission at least partially overlaps with a C-V2X reception, or vice versa), the coexistence manager 440 may intelligently resolve the collision based on the DSRC and C-V2X timing information.

[0058] 4A , the coexistence manager 440 may generally include interfaces for receiving DSRC interrupts from the DSRC modem 420 and for receiving C-V2X interrupts from the C-V2X SDR 412, where the DSRC interrupts may indicate timing information associated with DSRC transmissions and the C-V2X interrupts may indicate timing information associated with C-V2X transmissions. Thus, the coexistence manager 440 may generally use the timing information conveyed by the DSRC interrupts to forward DSRC timing information to the C-V2X components (e.g., the cellular modem 410 and the C-V2X SDR 412) and may use the timing information conveyed by the C-V2X interrupts to forward C-V2X timing information to the DSRC components (e.g., the DSRC modem 420). For example, in some aspects, the interface may include a general-purpose input / output (GPIO) or general radio frequency connection (GRFC) wire provided between the DSRC and C-V2X components to communicate timing information between the DSRC and C-V2X components during runtime. Alternatively, in some aspects, the coexistence manager 440 may share timing information between the DSRC and C-V2X components using a two-wire interface, and the coexistence manager 440 may make centralized decisions to select or schedule DSRC and / or C-V2X transmissions to prevent temporal collisions.

[0059] 4B and 4C illustrate various scenarios in which the coexistence manager 440 may perform one or more actions to resolve a potential collision between a DSRC transmission and a C-V2X transmission. For example, in some aspects, timing information associated with a C-V2X transmission may generally be available to the cellular modem 410 and the C-V2X SDR 412 a certain amount of time (e.g., X microseconds (μs)) before the actual C-V2X transmission is scheduled to begin. Thus, in some aspects, the C-V2X SDR 412 may send an interrupt to the coexistence manager 440 indicating timing information associated with an upcoming C-V2X transmission X μs before the C-V2X transmission is scheduled to begin. 4B and 4C, reference numeral 450 denotes a waveform associated with an interrupt received by coexistence manager 440 from C-V2X SDR 412 (e.g., a C-V2X interrupt to DSRC, sometimes referred to as a C-V2X to DSRC interrupt) to indicate timing information associated with an upcoming C-V2X transmission, and reference numeral 452 denotes a waveform associated with a C-V2X Tx_On signal that is asserted during a C-V2X transmission. As shown, the C-V2X interrupt, indicating timing information for the upcoming C-V2X transmission, is asserted X μs before the time the C-V2X transmission is scheduled to begin, and the C-V2X interrupt is de-asserted (e.g., goes low) when the C-V2X transmission is complete. Thus, coexistence manager 440 may perform one or more actions to manage coexistence between DSRC and C-V2X components if there is a DSRC transmission in progress when coexistence manager 440 receives an interrupt indicating timing information for the next C-V2X transmission and / or if a DSRC transmission needs to begin after coexistence manager 440 receives an interrupt indicating timing information for the next C-V2X transmission.

[0060] 4B illustrates various scenarios in which there is an ongoing DSRC transmission when the coexistence manager 440 receives a C-V2X interrupt indicating timing information for an upcoming C-V2X transmission. For example, reference numerals 454, 456-1, and 456-2 each illustrate an example state of the DSRC Tx_On signal being asserted when the C-V2X interrupt is received to indicate timing information for the upcoming C-V2X transmission, indicating that there is an ongoing DSRC transmission when the C-V2X interrupt is received. Generally, timing information associated with the ongoing DSRC transmission may be available to the coexistence manager 440 (e.g., by monitoring the timing of the DSRC transmission and / or by monitoring any interrupts that the DSRC modem 420 sends to the C-V2X components via the coexistence manager 440). Thus, the coexistence manager 440 may use the timing information associated with the ongoing DSRC transmission and the timing information associated with the upcoming C-V2X transmission to resolve any potential conflicts. For example, reference numeral 454 illustrates an example in which an ongoing DSRC transmission is scheduled to complete before the start time of the next C-V2X transmission, in which case the action performed by coexistence manager 440 may be to allow the ongoing DSRC transmission to continue based on a determination that the ongoing DSRC transmission will complete before the start time of the next C-V2X transmission (e.g., if the remaining time of the ongoing DSRC transmission is less than X μs, the DSRC transmission may complete because it does not collide with the C-V2X slot structure associated with the next C-V2X transmission, and the next C-V2X transmission may proceed as scheduled after the DSRC transmission completes).

[0061] However, if the remaining time of the ongoing DSRC transmission is greater than or equal to X μs, the ongoing DSRC transmission will at least partially overlap with, and therefore collide with, the upcoming C-V2X transmission. In such cases, the coexistence manager 440 may need to perform one or more actions to manage coexistence between the conflicting DSRC and C-V2X transmissions. For example, in some cases, the coexistence manager 440 may drop the DSRC transmission (e.g., by signaling or controlling the DSRC modem 420 to abort, delay, or requeue the DSRC transmission for a given duration) in response to determining that the DSRC transmission has a completion time that is later than the start time of the upcoming C-V2X transmission (e.g., the DSRC transmission falls into a slot structure associated with the upcoming C-V2X transmission). Alternatively, in some aspects, the coexistence manager 440 may allow the ongoing DSRC transmission to continue and may suppress the C-V2X transmission during the period when the ongoing DSRC transmission overlaps with the C-V2X transmission. For example, reference numeral 456-1 indicates a first scenario in which an ongoing DSRC transmission partially overlaps with an upcoming C-V2X transmission (e.g., the ongoing DSRC transmission completes after the start time of the upcoming C-V2X transmission but before the completion time of the upcoming C-V2X transmission). In such a case, as indicated by reference numeral 458-1, the coexistence manager 440 may suppress (e.g., blank) the C-V2X transmission only during the period in which the ongoing DSRC transmission overlaps with the C-V2X transmission, and the C-V2X transmission may be allowed to start after the DSRC transmission completes. In another example, reference numeral 456-2 indicates a second scenario in which the ongoing DSRC transmission completely overlaps with the upcoming C-V2X transmission (e.g., the ongoing DSRC transmission completes after the scheduled completion time of the upcoming C-V2X transmission). In such a case, as indicated by reference numeral 458-2, the coexistence manager 440 may suppress the entire C-V2X transmission.In some aspects, to suppress any portion of a C-V2X transmission, the coexistence manager 440 may use a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) blanking circuit to blank all DAC inputs in the C-V2X SDR 412 during periods when an ongoing DSRC transmission overlaps with the C-V2X transmission. For example, the coexistence manager 440 may suppress the C-V2X transmission (e.g., blank the DAC inputs of the C-V2X SDR 412) while a DSRC interrupt that the DSRC modem 420 sends to the C-V2X components is asserted.

[0062] Additionally or alternatively, FIG. 4C illustrates various scenarios in which a DSRC transmission needs to be initiated after the coexistence manager 440 receives a C-V2X interrupt indicating timing information for an upcoming C-V2X transmission. As described herein, the coexistence manager 440 may perform actions to manage coexistence between a DSRC transmission and an upcoming C-V2X transmission based on the duration of the DSRC transmission and / or the priority associated with the DSRC transmission. For example, if the DSRC transmission can be completed before the scheduled start time of the upcoming C-V2X transmission, the coexistence manager 440 may allow the DSRC transmission to complete. However, if the DSRC transmission does not complete until after the scheduled start time of the upcoming C-V2X transmission, the coexistence manager 440 may need to delay or suppress one of the conflicting transmissions. For example, referring to FIG. 4C, reference numeral 460 illustrates a scenario in which a DSRC transmission does not complete until after the scheduled start time of the upcoming C-V2X transmission. Thus, as indicated by reference numeral 462, the DSRC transmission may be delayed until after the C-V2X transmission is completed. Furthermore, reference numeral 464 indicates the state of a DSRC interrupt that the DSRC modem 420 sends to the C-V2X component via the coexistence manager 440 when the DSRC transmission is being performed. For example, the DSRC transmission may be requeued to a time after the C-V2X transmission is completed, and DSRC receive operations may continue while the DSRC transmission is delayed; thus, the DSRC modem 420 may continue to obtain clear channel assessment (CCA) measurements while the DSRC transmission is delayed. Thus, the DSRC modem 420 may then determine whether to perform the DSRC transmission when it is requeued based on the CCA measurements obtained while the DSRC transmission is delayed.

[0063] Generally, when a DSRC transmission is delayed, the coexistence manager 440 may determine the duration for which to delay the DSRC transmission based on the packet content of the DSRC transmission, which may be useful when the C-V2X component needs to transmit in multiple consecutive slots. For example, a DSRC transmission with a lower priority may be delayed for a longer duration to allow for a C-V2X transmission across multiple consecutive slots. Additionally or alternatively, if the DSRC transmission has a higher priority (e.g., the DSRC transmission is carrying an acknowledgment or other message that must be sent immediately), the coexistence manager 440 may perform the DSRC transmission and suppress the C-V2X transmission (e.g., by blanking the DAC input of the C-V2X SDR 412) during any period in which the DSRC transmission overlaps with the C-V2X transmission. In such a case, the C-V2X interrupt to the DSRC modem 420 and the DSRC interrupt to the C-V2X components will both be high, and C-V2X transmissions may be inhibited while the C-V2X interrupt to the DSRC modem 420 and the DSRC interrupt to the C-V2X components are both high (e.g., for overlapping durations).

[0064] In some aspects, in addition to or instead of managing coexistence based on interrupts indicating timing information for DSRC and C-V2X transmissions, coexistence manager 440 may suppress or delay DSRC transmissions by leaking transmit power from the C-V2X transmit path to the DSRC receive path. For example, with reference to FIG. 4D , a communication system supporting DSRC and C-V2X may include a hardware leakage path 470 from the C-V2X transmit path to the DSRC receive path. In this case, coexistence manager 440 may monitor the respective transmit power levels on the DSRC transmit path and the C-V2X transmit path and control the power leakage on hardware leakage path 470 from the C-V2X transmit path to the DSRC receive path according to the respective transmit power levels. For example, when the respective transmit power levels indicate that the C-V2X component is transmitting and the DSRC component is in receive mode, the coexistence manager 440 may leak transmit power from the C-V2X transmit path to the DSRC receive path to delay or suppress any DSRC transmissions that may need to begin while the C-V2X transmission is in progress. Additionally or alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4D , the coexistence manager 440 may monitor the DSRC Tx_On signal, the DSRC Rx_On signal, the C-V2X Tx_On signal, and / or the C-V2X Rx_On signal to determine the current state of the C-V2X and DSRC components at any given time. In either case, as indicated by reference numerals 472 and 474, the coexistence manager 440 may determine when a C-V2X transmission is in progress and may leak transmit power from the C-V2X transmit path to the DSRC receive path until the transmit power level and / or the C-V2X Tx_On or C-V2X Rx_On signals indicate that the C-V2X component is not transmitting. For example, the coexistence manager 440 may leak enough transmit power from the C-V2X transmit path to the DSRC receive path to meet (e.g., exceed) a threshold associated with a busy state of the DSRC wireless channel (e.g., to ensure that the CCA measurements indicate a busy state and, as a result, the DSRC modem 420 delays any DSRC transmissions that occur while the C-V2X transmission is in progress).Additionally, in some aspects, the coexistence manager 440 may dynamically adjust the attenuation level on the hardware leakage path 470 to ensure that the transmit power leaked into the DSRC receive path is sufficient to meet a threshold associated with a busy state of the DSRC wireless channel. For example, in some cases (e.g., low-power C-V2X transmissions), the transmit power leaked from the C-V2X transmit path to the DSRC receive path may be lower than a threshold, causing the coexistence manager 440 to adjust the attenuation level on the hardware leakage path 470 based on the transmit power level on the C-V2X transmit path.

[0065] As mentioned above, Figures 4A-4D are provided as an example. Other examples may differ from those described with respect to Figures 4A-4D. For example, although not shown in Figures 4A or 4D, the cellular modem 410 may be coupled to a wide area network (WAN) SDR that may provide a cellular RFFE associated with an antenna subsystem separate from the two antennas used by the C-V2X and DSRC components.

[0066] 5 illustrates an example process 500 associated with coexistence between different automotive RATs. The example process 500 is an example in which a UE (e.g., UE 120) or a component of a UE (e.g., coexistence manager 140 and / or coexistence manager 440) performs operations associated with managing coexistence between different automotive RATs.

[0067] 5, in some aspects, process 500 may include receiving an interrupt signal from a first component associated with a first automotive RAT (e.g., C-V2X SDR 412 shown in FIG. 4) to a second component associated with a second automotive RAT (e.g., DSRC modem 420 shown in FIG. 4) indicating first timing information associated with an upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT (block 510). For example, the UE (e.g., using the coexistence manager 140 / 440 and / or the interrupt handler component 708 shown in FIG. 7) may receive an interrupt signal from a first component associated with the first automotive RAT to a second component associated with the second automotive RAT indicating first timing information associated with an upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT, as described above.

[0068] 5, in some aspects, process 500 may include monitoring second timing information associated with transmissions by a second component associated with the second automotive RAT (block 520). For example, the UE (e.g., using coexistence manager 140 / 440 and / or interrupt handler component 708 shown in FIG. 7) may monitor second timing information associated with transmissions by a second component associated with the second automotive RAT, as described above.

[0069] 5, in some aspects, process 500 may include performing actions to manage coexistence between an upcoming transmission by a first component associated with the first automotive RAT and a transmission by a second component associated with the second automotive RAT in accordance with first timing information associated with the upcoming transmission by a first component associated with the first automotive RAT and second timing information associated with the transmission by a second component associated with the second automotive RAT (block 530). For example, the UE (e.g., using coexistence manager 140 / 150 and / or interrupt handler component 708 shown in FIG. 7) may perform actions to manage coexistence between an upcoming transmission by a first component associated with the first automotive RAT and a transmission by a second component associated with the second automotive RAT in accordance with the first timing information associated with the upcoming transmission by a first component associated with the first automotive RAT and second timing information associated with the transmission by a second component associated with the second automotive RAT, as described above.

[0070] Process 500 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects, described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0071] In a first aspect, a transmission by the second component is in progress when an interrupt signal is sent to the second component.

[0072] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, in response to a determination that a transmission by the second component has a completion time that is earlier than the start time of a next transmission by the first component, the action is to allow the transmission by the second component to complete.

[0073] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, in response to a determination that a transmission by the second component has a completion time that is later than the start time of a next transmission by the first component, the action is to drop the transmission by the second component.

[0074] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, the action is to assert an interrupt to allow a transmission by the second component to complete and to suppress an upcoming transmission by the first component during a period in which the transmission by the second component collides with the upcoming transmission by the first component.

[0075] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, transmission by the second component is scheduled after an interrupt signal is received.

[0076] In a sixth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, the action is to perform a transmission by the second component in response to a determination that the transmission by the second component has a completion time that is earlier than the start time of a next transmission by the first component.

[0077] In a seventh aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, the action is to delay transmission by the second component until a next transmission by the first component is completed.

[0078] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventh aspects, a transmission by the second component is delayed by a duration associated with packet content included in the transmission by the second component.

[0079] In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, the action is to perform a transmission by a second component and, depending on the priority of the transmission by the second component, assert an interrupt to suppress an upcoming transmission by the first component during a period in which the transmission by the second component collides with the upcoming transmission by the first component.

[0080] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to ninth aspects, an interrupt signal is communicated via a GRFC interface between the first component and the second component.

[0081] In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through tenth aspects, an interrupt signal is communicated via a GPIO interface between the first component and the second component.

[0082] In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eleventh aspects, an interrupt signal is communicated via a two-wire interface between the first component and the second component.

[0083] In a thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twelfth aspects, the first component and the second component share one or more antennas.

[0084] In a fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to thirteenth aspects, the first automotive RAT is associated with C-V2X communication and the second automotive RAT is associated with DSRC.

[0085] 5 illustrates example blocks of process 500, in some aspects process 500 may include additional, fewer, different, or differently arranged blocks than those illustrated in FIGURE 5. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 500 may be performed in parallel.

[0086] 6 illustrates an example process 600 associated with coexistence between different automotive RATs. The example process 600 is an example in which a UE (e.g., UE 120) or a component of a UE (e.g., coexistence manager 140 and / or coexistence manager 440) performs operations associated with coexistence between different automotive RATs.

[0087] 6, in some aspects, process 600 may include monitoring a first transmit power level on a first transmission path associated with a first component associated with the first automotive RAT (block 610). For example, the UE (e.g., using the coexistence manager 140 / 440 and / or the power leakage component 710 shown in FIG. 7) may monitor a first transmit power level on a first transmission path associated with a first component associated with the first automotive RAT (e.g., the C-V2X SDR 412 shown in FIG. 4), as described above.

[0088] 6, in some aspects, process 600 may include monitoring a second transmit power level on a second transmission path associated with a second component associated with the second automotive RAT (block 620). For example, the UE (e.g., using the coexistence manager 140 / 440 and / or the power leakage component 710 shown in FIG. 7) may monitor a second transmit power level on a second transmission path associated with a second component associated with the second automotive RAT (e.g., the DSRC modem 420 shown in FIG. 4), as described above.

[0089] 6, in some aspects, process 600 may include controlling power leakage on a hardware leakage path from a first transmission path associated with a first component to a receiving path associated with a second component according to a first transmit power level on the first transmission path and a second transmit power level on the second transmission path (block 630). For example, the UE (e.g., using coexistence manager 140 / 440 and / or power leakage component 710 shown in FIG. 7) may control power leakage on a hardware leakage path from a first transmission path associated with a first component to a receiving path associated with a second component according to a first transmit power level on the first transmission path and a second transmit power level on the second transmission path, as described above.

[0090] Process 600 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects, described below and / or in conjunction with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0091] In a first aspect, controlling power leakage on a hardware leakage path includes leaking power from a first transmit path associated with the first component to a receive path associated with the second component in response to a first transmit power level indicating that the first component is transmitting and a determination that the second component is in a receive mode.

[0092] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, power is leaked from a first transmit path associated with a first component to a receive path associated with a second component until a first transmit power level indicates that the first component is not transmitting.

[0093] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the power leakage on the hardware leakage path satisfies a threshold associated with a busy state of a wireless channel associated with a second automotive RAT.

[0094] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, controlling power leakage on the hardware leakage path includes adjusting an attenuation level on the hardware leakage path according to the first transmit power level to ensure that the power leakage on the hardware leakage path meets a threshold.

[0095] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, the first component and the second component share one or more antennas.

[0096] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, the first automotive RAT is associated with C-V2X communication and the second automotive RAT is associated with DSRC.

[0097] Although Figure 6 illustrates example blocks of process 600, in some aspects process 600 may include additional, fewer, different, or differently arranged blocks than those illustrated in Figure 6. Additionally or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 600 may be performed in parallel.

[0098] FIG. 7 is a diagram of an example apparatus 700 for managing coexistence between different automotive RATs. The apparatus 700 may be a UE, or a UE may include the apparatus 700. In some aspects, the apparatus 700 includes a receiving component 702 and a transmitting component 704, which may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, the apparatus 700 may communicate with another apparatus 706 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using the receiving component 702 and the transmitting component 704. As further shown, the apparatus 700 may include a coexistence manager 140 and / or 440, shown in FIG. 7 and described herein as a coexistence manager 140 / 440. The communication manager 140 / 440 may include one or more of an interrupt handler component 708 or a power leakage component 710, among other examples.

[0099] In some aspects, device 700 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein with respect to FIGS. 4A-4C and / or 5. Additionally or alternatively, device 700 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process 500 of FIG. 5, process 600 of FIG. 6, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, device 700 and / or one or more components shown in FIG. 7 may include one or more components of a UE described with respect to FIGS. 4A-4D. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components shown in FIG. 7 may be implemented within one or more components described with respect to FIGS. 4A-4D. Additionally or alternatively, one or more components of a set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0100] The receiving component 702 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the device 706. The receiving component 702 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 700. In some aspects, the receiving component 702 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples) on the received communications and may provide the processed signals to one or more other components of the device 700. In some aspects, the receiving component 702 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of a UE described in connection with FIG.

[0101] The transmitting component 704 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the device 706. In some aspects, one or more other components of the device 700 may generate communications and provide the generated communications to the transmitting component 704 for transmission to the device 706. In some aspects, the transmitting component 704 may perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples) on the generated communications and may transmit the processed signals to the device 706. In some aspects, the transmitting component 704 may include one or more antennas, a modem, a modulator, a transmit MIMO processor, a transmit processor, a controller / processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of a UE described in connection with FIG. 2. In some aspects, the transmitting component 704 may be collocated with the receiving component 702 in a transceiver.

[0102] The interrupt handler component 708 may receive an interrupt signal from a first component associated with a first automotive RAT to a second component associated with a second automotive RAT indicating first timing information associated with an upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT. The interrupt handler component 708 may monitor second timing information associated with a transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT. The interrupt handler component 708 may perform actions to manage coexistence between an upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT and a transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT according to the first timing information associated with the upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT and the second timing information associated with the transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT.

[0103] The power leakage component 710 may monitor a first transmit power level on a first transmit path associated with a first component associated with a first automotive RAT. The power leakage component 710 may monitor a second transmit power level on a second transmit path associated with a second component associated with a second automotive RAT. The power leakage component 710 may control power leakage on a hardware leakage path from the first transmit path associated with the first component to a receive path associated with the second component according to the first transmit power level on the first transmit path and the second transmit power level on the second transmit path.

[0104] The number and arrangement of components shown in Figure 7 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional, fewer, different, or differently arranged components than those shown in Figure 7. Furthermore, two or more of the components shown in Figure 7 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Figure 7 may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, a set of components shown in Figure 7 may perform one or more functions that are described as being performed by another set of components shown in Figure 7.

[0105] The following provides a summary of some aspects of the disclosure.

[0106] Aspect 1: A method for managing wireless communications in a vehicular communication system, performed by a UE, comprising: receiving, from a first component associated with a first automotive RAT, an interrupt signal transmitted to a second component associated with a second automotive RAT, the interrupt signal indicating first timing information associated with an upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT; monitoring second timing information associated with the transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT; and performing actions to manage coexistence between the upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT and the transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT according to the first timing information associated with the upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT and the second timing information associated with the transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT; A method comprising:

[0107] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, wherein a transmission by the second component is in progress when the interrupt signal is sent to the second component.

[0108] Aspect 3: The method of aspect 2, wherein in response to a determination that a transmission by the second component has a completion time that is earlier than the start time of a next transmission by the first component, the action is to allow the transmission by the second component to complete.

[0109] Aspect 4: The method of aspect 2, wherein in response to a determination that a transmission by the second component has a completion time that is later than the start time of a next transmission by the first component, the action is to drop the transmission by the second component.

[0110] Aspect 5: The method of aspect 2, wherein the action is to assert an interrupt to allow a transmission by the second component to complete and to suppress an upcoming transmission by the first component during a period in which the transmission by the second component collides with the upcoming transmission by the first component.

[0111] Aspect 6: The method of aspect 1, wherein transmission by the second component is scheduled after an interrupt signal is received.

[0112] Aspect 7: The method of aspect 6, wherein the action is to perform a transmission by the second component in response to a determination that the transmission by the second component has a completion time that is earlier than the start time of a next transmission by the first component.

[0113] Aspect 8: The method of aspect 6, wherein the action is to delay transmission by the second component until a next transmission by the first component is completed.

[0114] Aspect 9: The method of aspect 8, wherein the transmission by the second component is delayed by a duration associated with packet content included in the transmission by the second component.

[0115] Aspect 10: The method of aspect 6, wherein the action is to perform a transmission by a second component and, depending on a priority of the transmission by the second component, assert an interrupt to suppress an upcoming transmission by the first component during a period in which the transmission by the second component collides with the upcoming transmission by the first component.

[0116] Aspect 11: The method of any of Aspects 1-10, wherein the interrupt signal is communicated via a GRFC interface between the first component and the second component.

[0117] Aspect 12: The method of any of Aspects 1-11, wherein the interrupt signal is communicated via a GPIO interface between the first component and the second component.

[0118] Aspect 13: The method of any of Aspects 1-12, wherein the interrupt signal is communicated via a two-wire interface between the first component and the second component.

[0119] Example 14: The method of any of Examples 1-13, wherein the first component and the second component share one or more antennas.

[0120] Aspect 15: The method of any of aspects 1 to 14, wherein the first automotive RAT is associated with C-V2X communication and the second automotive RAT is associated with DSRC.

[0121] Aspect 16: A method for managing wireless communications in a vehicular communication system, performed by a UE, comprising: monitoring a first transmit power level on a first transmission path associated with a first component associated with a first automotive RAT; monitoring a second transmit power level on a second transmission path associated with a second component associated with a second automotive RAT; and controlling power leakage on a hardware leakage path from the first transmission path associated with the first component to a receive path associated with the second component according to the first transmit power level on the first transmission path and the second transmit power level on the second transmission path; A method comprising:

[0122] Aspect 17: The method of aspect 16, wherein controlling power leakage on the hardware leakage path includes leaking power from a first transmit path associated with the first component to a receive path associated with the second component in response to a first transmit power level indicating that the first component is transmitting and a determination that the second component is in a receive mode.

[0123] Aspect 18: The method of aspect 17, wherein power is leaked from a first transmit path associated with the first component to a receive path associated with the second component until a first transmit power level indicates that the first component is not transmitting.

[0124] Aspect 19: The method of aspect 17 or 18, wherein the power leakage on the hardware leakage path satisfies a threshold associated with a busy state of a wireless channel associated with the second automotive RAT.

[0125] Aspect 20: The method of aspect 19, wherein controlling the power leakage on the hardware leakage path includes adjusting an attenuation level on the hardware leakage path according to the first transmit power level to ensure that the power leakage on the hardware leakage path meets a threshold.

[0126] Example 21: The method of any of Examples 16-20, wherein the first component and the second component share one or more antennas.

[0127] Aspect 22: The method of any of aspects 16 to 21, wherein the first automotive RAT is associated with C-V2X communication and the second automotive RAT is associated with DSRC.

[0128] Aspect 23: An apparatus for wireless communication in a device, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor, the instructions causing the apparatus to perform one or more of the methods of aspects 1 to 22.

[0129] Aspect 24: A device for wireless communication, comprising: a memory; and one or more processors coupled to the memory, wherein the one or more processors are configured to perform one or more of the methods of aspects 1 to 22.

[0130] Aspect 25: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing one or more of the methods of aspects 1-22.

[0131] Aspect 26: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code including instructions executable by a processor, the instructions performing one or more of the methods of aspects 1-22.

[0132] Aspect 27: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions including one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform one or more methods of aspects 1-22.

[0133] The above disclosure provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the embodiments to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the embodiments.

[0134] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be broadly construed as hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. "Software" is intended to be broadly construed to mean, among other examples, instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, and / or functions, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. As used herein, a "processor" is implemented in hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that the systems and / or methods described herein may be realized in various forms of hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. The actual specialized control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods is not limiting. Thus, the operation and behavior of the systems and / or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, with the understanding that those skilled in the art will be able to design software and hardware to implement the systems and / or methods based at least in part on the description herein.

[0135] As used herein, "meeting a threshold" can refer to a value being greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, etc., depending on the context.

[0136] Although particular combinations of features are recited in the claims and / or disclosed herein, those combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. Many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims and / or disclosed herein. The disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with every other claim in the claim set. As used herein, phrases referring to "at least one of" a list of items refer to any combination of those items, including single members. As an example, "at least one of a, b, or c" is intended to encompass a, b, c, a+b, a+c, b+c, and a+b+c, as well as any combination having multiple identical elements (e.g., a+a, a+a+a, a+a+b, a+a+c, a+b+b, a+c+c, b+b, b+b+b, b+b+c, c+c, and c+c+c, or any other permutation of a, b, and c).

[0137] No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed as essential or required unless expressly described as such. Also, as used herein, the articles "a" and "an" are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with "one or more." Furthermore, as used herein, the article "the" is intended to include one or more items referenced in connection with the article "the" and may be used interchangeably with "one or more." Furthermore, as used herein, the terms "set" and "group" are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with "one or more." Where only one item is intended, the phrase "only one" or similar language is used. Also, as used herein, terms such as "has," "have," and "having" are intended to be open-ended terms that do not limit the elements they modify (e.g., an element that "has" A may also have B). Furthermore, the phrase "based on" is intended to mean "based at least in part on," unless expressly stated otherwise. As used herein, the term "or" is also intended to be inclusive when used in a series, and may be used interchangeably with "and / or," except where expressly stated otherwise (e.g., when used in combination with "either" or "only one of").

Claims

1. 1. A coexistence manager for managing wireless communications in a vehicular communication system, comprising: Memory and one or more processors operably coupled to the memory, wherein the one or more processors: receiving an interrupt signal from a first component associated with a first automotive radio access technology (RAT) to a second component associated with a second automotive RAT indicating first timing information associated with an upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT; monitoring second timing information associated with transmissions by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT; performing actions to manage coexistence between the upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT and the transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT according to the first timing information associated with the upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT and the second timing information associated with the transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT. It is configured as follows: Coexistence Manager.

2. 2. The coexistence manager of claim 1, wherein the transmission by the second component is in progress when the interrupt signal is sent to the second component.

3. 3. The coexistence manager of claim 2, wherein, in response to a determination that the transmission by the second component has a completion time that is earlier than a start time of the next transmission by the first component, the action is to allow the transmission by the second component to complete.

4. 3. The coexistence manager of claim 2, wherein, in response to a determination that the transmission by the second component has a completion time that is later than a start time of the next transmission by the first component, the action is to drop the transmission by the second component.

5. 3. The coexistence manager of claim 2, wherein the action is to assert an interrupt to allow the transmission by the second component to complete and to suppress the upcoming transmission by the first component for a period during which the transmission by the second component collides with the upcoming transmission by the first component.

6. The coexistence manager of claim 1 , wherein the transmission by the second component is scheduled after the interrupt signal is received.

7. 7. The coexistence manager of claim 6, wherein the action is to perform the transmission by the second component in response to a determination that the transmission by the second component has a completion time that is earlier than a start time of the next transmission by the first component.

8. The coexistence manager of claim 6 , wherein the action is to delay the transmission by the second component until the next transmission by the first component is completed.

9. The coexistence manager of claim 8 , wherein the transmission by the second component is delayed by a duration associated with packet content included in the transmission by the second component.

10. 7. The coexistence manager of claim 6, wherein the action is to perform the transmission by the second component and, depending on a priority of the transmission by the second component, assert an interrupt to suppress the upcoming transmission by the first component during a period in which the transmission by the second component collides with the upcoming transmission by the first component.

11. 2. The coexistence manager of claim 1, wherein the interrupt signal is communicated over a General Radio Frequency Connection (GRFC) interface between the first component and the second component.

12. 2. The coexistence manager of claim 1, wherein the interrupt signal is communicated via a general purpose input / output (GPIO) interface between the first component and the second component.

13. 2. The coexistence manager of claim 1, wherein the interrupt signal is communicated over a two-wire interface between the first component and the second component.

14. The coexistence manager of claim 1 , wherein the first component and the second component share one or more antennas.

15. 2. The coexistence manager of claim 1, wherein the first automotive RAT is associated with cellular vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications and the second automotive RAT is associated with dedicated short-range communications (DSRC).

16. 1. A coexistence manager for managing wireless communications in a vehicular communication system, comprising: Memory and one or more processors operably coupled to the memory, wherein the one or more processors: monitoring a first transmit power level on a first transmission path associated with a first component associated with a first mobile radio access technology (RAT); monitoring a second transmit power level on a second transmission path associated with a second component associated with a second mobile RAT; controlling power leakage on a hardware leakage path from the first transmission path associated with the first component to a reception path associated with the second component according to the first transmission power level on the first transmission path and the second transmission power level on the second transmission path; It is configured as follows: Coexistence Manager.

17. 17. The coexistence manager of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are configured to leak power from the first transmit path associated with the first component to the receive path associated with the second component in response to the first transmit power level indicating that the first component is transmitting and a determination that the second component is in a receive mode to control the power leakage on the hardware leakage path.

18. 18. The coexistence manager of claim 17, wherein the power is leaked from the first transmit path associated with the first component to the receive path associated with the second component until the first transmit power level indicates that the first component is not transmitting.

19. The coexistence manager of claim 17 , wherein the power leakage on the hardware leakage path satisfies a threshold associated with a busy state of a wireless channel associated with the second automotive RAT.

20. 20. The coexistence manager of claim 19, wherein the one or more processors are configured to adjust an attenuation level on the hardware leakage path according to the first transmit power level to control the power leakage on the hardware leakage path and ensure that the power leakage on the hardware leakage path meets the threshold.

21. The coexistence manager of claim 16 , wherein the first component and the second component share one or more antennas.

22. 17. The coexistence manager of claim 16, wherein the first automotive RAT is associated with cellular vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications and the second automotive RAT is associated with dedicated short-range communications (DSRC).

23. 1. A method for managing wireless communications in a vehicular communication system, performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving an interrupt signal from a first component associated with a first automotive radio access technology (RAT) to a second component associated with a second automotive RAT indicating first timing information associated with an upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT; monitoring second timing information associated with transmissions by the second component associated with the second mobile RAT; performing actions to manage coexistence between the upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT and the transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT according to the first timing information associated with the upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT and the second timing information associated with the transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT; A method comprising:

24. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the transmission by the second component is in progress when the interrupt signal is sent to the second component.

25. 25. The method of claim 24, comprising allowing the transmission by the second component to complete in response to a determination that the transmission by the second component has a completion time that is earlier than a start time of the next transmission by the first component.

26. 25. The method of claim 24, comprising dropping the transmission by the second component in response to determining that the transmission by the second component has a completion time that is later than a start time of the next transmission by the first component.

27. 25. The method of claim 24, comprising: allowing the transmission by the second component to complete and asserting an interrupt to suppress the upcoming transmission by the first component during a period in which the transmission by the second component collides with the upcoming transmission by the first component.

28. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the transmission by the second component is scheduled after the interrupt signal is received.

29. 29. The method of claim 28, comprising performing the transmission by the second component in response to a determination that the transmission by the second component has a completion time that is earlier than a start time of the next transmission by the first component.

30. 30. The method of claim 28, comprising delaying the transmission by the second component until the next transmission by the first component is completed.

31. 31. The method of claim 30, wherein the transmission by the second component is delayed by a duration associated with packet content included in the transmission by the second component.

32. 29. The method of claim 28, comprising: performing the transmission by the second component and, depending on a priority of the transmission by the second component, asserting an interrupt to suppress the upcoming transmission by the first component during a period in which the transmission by the second component collides with the upcoming transmission by the first component.

33. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the interrupt signal is communicated via a General Radio Frequency Connection (GRFC) interface between the first component and the second component.

34. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the interrupt signal is communicated via a general purpose input / output (GPIO) interface between the first component and the second component.

35. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the interrupt signal is communicated via a two-wire interface between the first component and the second component.

36. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the first component and the second component share one or more antennas.

37. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the first automotive RAT is associated with cellular vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications and the second automotive RAT is associated with dedicated short-range communications (DSRC).

38. 1. A method for managing wireless communications in a vehicular communication system, performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: monitoring a first transmit power level on a first transmission path associated with a first component associated with a first mobile radio access technology (RAT); monitoring a second transmit power level on a second transmission path associated with a second component associated with a second mobile RAT; controlling power leakage on a hardware leakage path from the first transmission path associated with the first component to a reception path associated with the second component according to the first transmission power level on the first transmission path and the second transmission power level on the second transmission path; A method comprising:

39. 39. The method of claim 38, wherein controlling the power leakage on the hardware leakage path comprises leaking power from the first transmit path associated with the first component to the receive path associated with the second component in response to the first transmit power level indicating that the first component is transmitting and a determination that the second component is in a receive mode.

40. 40. The method of claim 39, wherein the power is leaked from the first transmit path associated with the first component to the receive path associated with the second component until the first transmit power level indicates that the first component is not transmitting.

41. 40. The method of claim 39, wherein the power leakage on the hardware leakage path meets a threshold associated with a busy state of a wireless channel associated with the second automotive RAT.

42. 42. The method of claim 41 , wherein controlling the power leakage on the hardware leakage path comprises adjusting an attenuation level on the hardware leakage path according to the first transmit power level to ensure the power leakage on the hardware leakage path meets the threshold.

43. 40. The method of claim 38, wherein the first component and the second component share one or more antennas.

44. 39. The method of claim 38, wherein the first automotive RAT is associated with cellular vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications and the second automotive RAT is associated with dedicated short-range communications (DSRC).

45. 1. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for managing wireless communications in a vehicle communication system, the set of instructions comprising: one or more instructions, which when executed by one or more processors of a coexistence manager, cause the coexistence manager to: receiving an interrupt signal from a first component associated with a first automotive radio access technology (RAT) to a second component associated with a second automotive RAT indicating first timing information associated with an upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT; monitoring second timing information associated with transmissions by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT; performing actions to manage coexistence between the upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT and the transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT according to the first timing information associated with the upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT and the second timing information associated with the transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT; Non-transitory computer-readable medium.

46. 1. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for managing wireless communications in a vehicle communication system, the set of instructions comprising: one or more instructions, which when executed by one or more processors of a coexistence manager, cause the coexistence manager to: monitoring a first transmit power level on a first transmission path associated with a first component associated with a first mobile radio access technology (RAT); monitoring a second transmit power level on a second transmission path associated with a second component associated with a second mobile RAT; controlling power leakage on a hardware leakage path from the first transmission path associated with the first component to a reception path associated with the second component according to the first transmission power level on the first transmission path and the second transmission power level on the second transmission path; Non-transitory computer-readable medium.

47. 1. An apparatus for managing wireless communications in a vehicle communication system, comprising: means for receiving, from a first component associated with a first automotive radio access technology (RAT), an interrupt signal transmitted to a second component associated with a second automotive RAT indicating first timing information associated with an upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT; means for monitoring second timing information associated with transmissions by the second component associated with the second mobile RAT; means for performing actions to manage coexistence between the upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT and the transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT according to the first timing information associated with the upcoming transmission by the first component associated with the first automotive RAT and the second timing information associated with the transmission by the second component associated with the second automotive RAT; An apparatus comprising:

48. 1. An apparatus for managing wireless communications in a vehicle communication system, comprising: means for monitoring a first transmit power level on a first transmission path associated with a first component associated with a first mobile radio access technology (RAT); means for monitoring a second transmit power level on a second transmission path associated with a second component associated with a second mobile RAT; means for controlling power leakage on a hardware leakage path from the first transmission path associated with the first component to a reception path associated with the second component according to the first transmission power level on the first transmission path and the second transmission power level on the second transmission path; An apparatus comprising:

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