Structure for preventing diffusion of leaked ammonia and intrusion into working area of ammonia fuel ship

Abstract

To provide a leaked ammonia diffusion preventing structure of an ammonia fuel ship capable of preventing diffusion and intrusion of ammonia fuel into the inside of the ammonia ship by absorbing ammonia by water discharged when ammonia leaks.SOLUTION: A plurality of sprinklers arranged on the ceiling at predetermined intervals and configured to spray mist-like or droplet-like water, a control valve with a detector configured to detect leakage of the ammonia fuel in the bunker station and supply water, a drip tray arranged on a floor of the bunker station and configured to receive water in which the leaked ammonia fuel is dissolved and / or spray water of the sprinklers in which the gasified leaked ammonia fuel is dissolved, and a discharge pipe configured to discharge drips to the outside of the ship.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a structure for preventing the diffusion of leaked ammonia in a bunker station of an ammonia-fueled ship that uses ammonia, which is expected to be a carbon-free fuel. [Background technology]

[0002] On ships with a large freeboard, such as car carriers, RO-RO ships, and RO-PAX ships, the fuel manifold is recessed into part of the outer hull to reduce the lift of the fuel supply, creating a semi-enclosed compartment with only one side facing the outer hull open. Conventionally, a technology for providing a water curtain on the side of a bunker station, which uses a recessed opening in the outer surface of this type of vessel as a fuel manifold, has been proposed by the applicant of this application, for example, as disclosed in Patent Publication No. 6426254.

[0003] The disclosure of Patent No. 6426254 relates to an invention titled "Bunker station ventilation structure utilizing the water pressure of the ship's side water curtain at the bunker station of a gas-fueled ship," and in its problem to be solved by the invention, "At a liquid gas fuel (LNG) bunker station, the installation of a water curtain, which is mandatory in the event of an LNG fuel leak, is provided, and a water-driven ventilation fan is provided that utilizes the water flow supplied to the water curtain, and in preparation for the unlikely event of an LNG leak, the installation of a water curtain is mandatory for the purpose of protecting the hull shell from low-temperature LNG, and at the same time, it addresses the obligation to take measures to prevent the accumulation of LNG volatile gas within the bunker station, and makes these obligations possible at the same time" (see paragraphs 0008 and 0010 of the specification of the same publication), and it describes a bunker station that supplies fuel to a gas-fueled ship, and a ventilation fan that is installed horizontally at the lower end of the opening of the bunker station, By configuring the bunker station to have a water spray pipe for a side water curtain that sprays water onto the surface of the ship's side hull, and a water-driven fan that is installed in a pipeline that supplies water to the water spray pipe and ventilates the inside of the bunker station (see claim 1 of the patent application), it has the effect of ``providing a water-driven fan that uses seawater to supply to the water curtain that is required of the bunker station when bunkering an LNG ship, making it possible to install a water curtain at the bunker station, and at the same time making it possible to ventilate the volatile gases that are generated during bunkering inside the bunker station, thereby reducing the power required to drive the fan, enabling automatic ventilation of the fuel bunker station compartment during bunkering and avoiding contact of low-temperature LNG with the ship's side hull, and providing the advantage of making it possible to load gas fuel more safely'' (see paragraph 0012 of the patent application specification).

[0004] Figures 4(a) and (b) are schematic diagrams of an embodiment for implementing a bunker station ventilation structure that utilizes the ship-side water curtain water pressure of the bunker station of a gas-fueled ship according to the disclosed invention, which is disclosed as Figures 2(a) and (b) in Patent Gazette No. 6426254. Figure 4(a) is a schematic cross-sectional plan view showing that the bunker station 2 of an LNG-fueled car carrier 1 according to Example 1 of the disclosed invention has a semi-closed structure with a recessed cross-section in which only a portion of the ship side is open. Figure 4(b) is an elevation view of the opening of the bunker station 2 as seen from the freeboard side.

[0005] In FIG. 4, reference numeral 110 denotes a bunker station ventilation structure according to a first embodiment of the disclosed invention, 115 denotes a water jet pipe, 116 denotes a water curtain, and 201 denotes a side shell plate (note that the reference numerals other than the side shell plate 201 have been appropriately changed to three digits by the applicant in order to clarify that they are prior art).

[0006] In the gas-fueled ship shown in Figure 4 and conventional oil-fueled ships, even if gas fuel or oil leaked, the amount of volatilized gas fuel or oil was extremely small and did not pose a problem. However, if ammonia is loaded on board, if the ammonia leaks, an amount corresponding to the leak will evaporate, and there is a possibility that large amounts of ammonia gas will leak and spread inside and outside the ship, including the bunker station. Ammonia gas is toxic, and there are concerns that it may affect the human body even at very low concentrations, so it is necessary to prevent its spread inside and outside the ship. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 6426254 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] Taking advantage of ammonia's tendency to be easily absorbed by water, a leaked ammonia diffusion prevention structure for an ammonia-fueled ship is provided, which can prevent ammonia fuel from diffusing and entering the ship by installing a ceiling water curtain (shower) above the opening of the bunker station and at the upper part of the inner wall, and multiple water sprayers (sprinklers) on the ceiling, so that the ammonia can be absorbed by the water released in the event of an ammonia leak. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In order to solve the above problem, the invention of claim 1 of the present application is a leaked ammonia diffusion prevention structure for an ammonia-fueled ship, characterized by comprising: a water spray pipe arranged above the freeboard opening and / or at the corners of the ceiling on three sides of the bunker station where ammonia fuel is loaded, and spraying a water curtain along the surrounding wall; sprinklers arranged at predetermined intervals on the ceiling of the bunker station and spraying water in the form of mist or droplets; a water supply line via a detector-equipped control valve that detects ammonia fuel leakage within the bunker station and opens the valve; a drip tray arranged on the floor of the bunker station to receive the water from the water curtain that has dissolved in leaked ammonia fuel and / or the water sprayed from the sprinklers that has dissolved in gasified leaked ammonia fuel that has accumulated in the space of the bunker station; and a discharge pipe that discharges drips from the drip tray overboard. The invention of claim 2 of the present application is a structure for preventing the diffusion of leaked ammonia on an ammonia-fueled ship, characterized in that it comprises: a water spray pipe arranged in a corner of the ceiling within the entrance passage of a working area such as an engine room on board a ship, and spraying a water curtain along the wall of the entrance passage; a plurality of sprinklers arranged at predetermined intervals on the ceiling within the entrance passage of the working area such as an engine room on board a ship, and spraying water in the form of mist or droplets; a water supply line via a detector-equipped control valve that detects ammonia fuel leakage within the entrance passage of the working area such as an engine room on board a ship and opens the valve; a drip tray arranged on the floor of the entrance passage of the working area such as an engine room on board a ship, and receiving the water from the water curtain that has dissolved therein the leaked ammonia fuel and / or the water sprayed from the sprinklers that has dissolved therein gasified leaked ammonia fuel that has accumulated in the space within the entrance passage of the working area such as an engine room on board a ship; and a discharge pipe that discharges drips from the drip tray overboard. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] (1) Taking advantage of the property of ammonia to be easily absorbed by water, a water curtain (shower) can be installed above the freeboard opening of the bunker station and / or on the ceiling of the semi-enclosed section of the opening. In the unlikely event of an ammonia fuel leak, the ammonia gas can be absorbed by the released water, thereby preventing the diffusion and intrusion of ammonia gas inside and outside the ship. (2) By providing a mechanism that prevents ammonia gas, which can be harmful to humans even at low concentrations, from diffusing or entering the inside or outside of a ship, the safety of the environment surrounding the ship can be ensured. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment for implementing the structure for preventing the diffusion of leaked ammonia from an ammonia-fueled ship according to the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment for implementing the structure for preventing the diffusion of leaked ammonia for an ammonia-fueled ship according to the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an outline of the leaked ammonia diffusion prevention structure of the ammonia-fueled ship according to the second embodiment. [Figure 4] Figures 4(a) and 4(b) are schematic diagrams of an embodiment for implementing a bunker station ventilation structure utilizing the water pressure of the shipside water curtain at the bunker station of a gas-fueled ship according to the disclosed invention disclosed as Figures 2(a) and 2(b) in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6426254. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a leaked ammonia diffusion prevention structure for an ammonia-fueled ship according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. [Example]

[0013] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment for implementing the structure for preventing the diffusion of leaked ammonia from an ammonia-fueled ship according to the present invention. Figure 1 shows an outline of the structure for preventing the diffusion of leaked ammonia from an ammonia-fueled ship according to the present invention, using an ammonia-fueled car carrier with a large freeboard (the height (vertical distance) from the load waterline in the center of the ship to the shipside of the upper deck) as an example, and Figure 1(a) is a schematic side cross-sectional layout diagram of the ammonia-fueled car carrier according to this embodiment 1, and Figure 1(b) is a schematic plan cross-sectional layout diagram of the same.

[0014] 1(a) and 1(b), reference numeral 1 denotes a car carrier, 2 denotes a bunker station where a gas manifold (fuel supply pipe) is installed on the freeboard side, 3 denotes an ammonia storage tank, 4 denotes an ammonia storage tank installation section, 5 denotes an engine room, 6 denotes a tank top, 7, 7 denotes cargo holds, and 8 denotes crew accommodations. In this type of car carrier 1 with a large freeboard, ammonia ships that use ammonia fuel as fuel, such as RO-RO ships and RO-PAX ships, the bunker station 2 is installed on the ship side near the ammonia storage tank 3 in order to reduce the lift of the ammonia fuel supply.

[0015] That is, like bunker stations on many ships, this type of car carrier 1 with a large freeboard is arranged in a position where the bunker station 2, which serves as the fuel intake, is located at the height of the quayside for fuel supply (bunkering) even when the ship is fully loaded with cargo, and at the time of fuel loading (bunkering), the ammonia fuel to be loaded is efficiently stored in the ammonia storage tank 3 and is efficiently supplied from the ammonia storage tank 3 to the engine room 5 in which the ship's main engine (not shown) is installed, so that the ammonia fuel loading path to the ammonia storage tank 3 and the fuel supply path from the ammonia storage tank 3 to the main engine in the engine room 5 are short and close to each other. As a result, the bunker station 2 is arranged on the freeboard side near the ammonia storage tank 3, as shown in Figure 1(a).

[0016] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment for implementing the structure for preventing the diffusion of leaked ammonia for an ammonia-fueled ship according to the present invention. In Figure 2, reference numeral 10 denotes the structure for preventing the diffusion of leaked ammonia for an ammonia-fueled ship according to the first embodiment, 2 denotes the aforementioned bunker station, 13 denotes a side shell plating, 14 denotes an ammonia fuel line, 15 denotes a water supply line, 16 denotes a control valve with a gas detector, 17a and 17b denote water spray pipes, 18a and 18b denote water curtains, 19a to 19g denote water sprayers (sprinklers), 20a to 20g denote water sprayed by the sprinklers, 21 denotes a drip tray, and 22 denotes a drip discharge pipe provided on the side shell plating 13 for discharging drips overboard.

[0017] The water spray pipes 17a shown in Figure 2 are arranged in the three corners of the ceiling outside the opening of the bunker station 2, and are formed so that the sprayed water curtains 18a cover the surrounding walls of the bunker station 2.In addition, multiple water sprayers (sprinklers) 19a to 19g are arranged at predetermined intervals on the ceiling of the bunker station 2, and the sprayed sprinkler water 20a to 20g is sprayed so as to spread evenly throughout the bunker station 2, absorbing any stagnant ammonia gas and dissolving it in water. The water jetting pipe 17b is placed above the opening of the bunker station 2, and covers the opening with jetting water to convert the ammonia gas into ammonia water, thereby preventing the ammonia gas from diffusing outside the ship.

[0018] As is clear from FIG. 2, the structure 10 for preventing diffusion of leaked ammonia for the ammonia-fueled ship according to the first embodiment is designed to, in the event that liquid or volatile gaseous ammonia fuel leaks during bunkering of ammonia fuel in which the ammonia fuel is loaded into the ammonia storage tank 3 inside the hull, quickly dissolve the leaked ammonia fuel in water to prevent harm to workers stationed nearby, and quickly discharge drip water containing dissolved ammonia fuel outside the ship while preventing the ammonia fuel from diffusing or entering the ship.

[0019] That is, if liquid ammonia fuel leaks during bunkering of ammonia fuel, the volatilized ammonia gas is detected by the gas detector in the gas detector-equipped control valve 16, and the water supply line 15 is opened to supply water to the bunker station 2. When water is supplied, a water curtain 18a is sprayed out from the water spray pipe 17a, and the surrounding walls are covered with the water curtain 18a, preventing the leaked ammonia fuel from diffusing and entering the ship. In addition, the leaked ammonia fuel is dissolved in the water in the water curtain 18a and led to the drip tray 21, and then discharged from the drip tray 21 through the drip discharge pipe 22 over the ship, preventing the ammonia fuel from diffusing and entering the ship. Furthermore, to prevent leaked ammonia fuel from coming into contact with the ship's outer hull and damaging it, a separate water spray pipe 17b is placed above the opening of the bunker station 2. In the event of ammonia fuel leakage, the water spray pipe 17b sprays a water curtain 18b, covering the opening with water and converting the ammonia gas into ammonia water, thereby preventing the ammonia gas from diffusing outside the ship.

[0020] In addition, water is sprayed from water sprayers (sprinklers) 19a to 19g, which are arranged at predetermined intervals on the ceiling of the bunker station 2 connected to the water supply line 15, to dissolve the gaseous ammonia fuel remaining in the bunker station 2 into the sprayed water, and the water with the dissolved gaseous ammonia fuel is similarly received in the drip tray 21 and discharged overboard through the drip discharge pipe 22 as described above.

[0021] In other words, the leaked ammonia diffusion prevention structure 10 for the ammonia-fueled ship according to the first embodiment basically comprises: water spray pipes 17a that are arranged in the corners of the ceiling on three sides of the bunker station 2 where ammonia fuel is loaded and spray a water curtain 18a along the peripheral wall; water sprayers (sprinklers) 19a to 19g that are arranged at predetermined intervals on the ceiling of the bunker station 2 and spray water in the form of mist or droplets; a water supply line 15 that passes through a detector-equipped control valve 16 that detects ammonia fuel leakage within the bunker station 2 and opens the valve; and a drip tray 21 that is arranged on the floor of the bunker station 2 and is connected to a discharge pipe 22 that receives the water from the water curtain 18a in which leaked ammonia fuel has dissolved and / or the sprinkler-sprayed water 20a to 20g in which gasified leaked ammonia fuel that has accumulated in the space of the bunker station 2 has dissolved, and discharges the water overboard. Furthermore, the structure 10 for preventing the diffusion of ammonia leakage on the ammonia-fueled ship according to this embodiment 1 is also provided with a water ejection pipe 17b above the freeboard opening of the bunker station 2 where ammonia fuel is loaded, and in the event of ammonia fuel leakage, a water curtain 18b is formed from the water ejection pipe 17b to cover the opening with water, thereby converting the ammonia gas into ammonia water, thereby preventing the ammonia gas from diffusing outside the ship.

[0022] As a result of the above-described structure, the leaked ammonia diffusion prevention structure 10 for an ammonia-fueled ship according to the first embodiment prevents the leakage of liquid or gaseous ammonia fuel from diffusing or entering the ship with the water curtain 18a, and also sprays mist or fine droplets of water from the ceiling onto the gasified ammonia fuel, dissolving the gaseous ammonia fuel convecting within the space of the bunker station 2 into sprinkler spray water 20a to 20g, which is collected as drips and discharged outside the ship. In addition, a water ejection pipe 17b is provided above the freeboard opening of the bunker station 2, and the water curtain 18b is formed, so that the ammonia fuel In the event of a leak, this not only prevents ammonia combustion from leaking outside the ship, but also prevents the ammonia gas from diffusing outside the ship by covering the opening with water and turning the ammonia gas into ammonia water. This is because (1) by taking advantage of ammonia's tendency to be easily absorbed by water, a ceiling water curtain (shower) can be installed in the semi-enclosed section of the bunker station, and in the unlikely event of an ammonia fuel leak, the released water can be used to absorb the ammonia gas, preventing it from diffusing and penetrating inside and outside the ship, and (2) by providing a mechanism that prevents ammonia gas, which can affect the human body even at low concentrations, from diffusing and penetrating inside and outside the ship, it is possible to ensure the safety of the environment surrounding the ship. [Example]

[0023] The leaked ammonia diffusion prevention structure 10 of the ammonia-fueled ship in this embodiment 1 has been described as being placed in the bunker station 2 as an example, but on an ammonia-fueled ship, the danger to humans when ammonia fuel leaks is not limited to the bunker station 2. The leaked ammonia diffusion prevention structure 30 for the ammonia-fueled ship according to this embodiment 2 can be installed at the entrance to each work area where workers pass through and perform work inside, such as the engine room or the crew accommodation area, thereby preventing the diffusion and intrusion of leaked ammonia fuel into each work area (engine room, crew accommodation area, etc.).

[0024] FIG. 3 is a plan layout diagram showing an outline of an example in which the structure for preventing the diffusion of leaked ammonia for an ammonia-fueled ship according to the second embodiment is applied to an entrance 32 to an engine room 31. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 30 denotes the structure for preventing the diffusion of leaked ammonia for an ammonia-fueled ship according to the second embodiment, 31 denotes an onboard work area (for example, an engine room (hereinafter referred to as "engine room 31")), 32 denotes the entrance to the engine room 31, 33 denotes a passage to the engine room 31, 34 denotes the door to the entrance 32 of the engine room 31, 35 denotes a water supply line, 36 denotes a control valve with a gas detector, and 37 denotes a water ejection pipe. , 38a to 38l (L) are water sprayers (sprinklers), 39 is a drip tray, and 40 is a drip discharge line. In the leaked ammonia diffusion prevention structure 30 for an ammonia-fueled ship according to this embodiment 2, the water injection pipe 37 and the water sprayers (sprinklers) 38a to 38l (L) are connected to a water supply line 35 to which water is supplied via a control valve 36 with a gas detector, and the sprayed water is received by the drip tray 39 and discharged to the outside of the passage 33 through the drip discharge line 40.

[0025] As is clear from FIG. 3, the leaked ammonia diffusion prevention structure 30 of the ammonia-fueled ship according to the second embodiment is intended to prevent the diffusion and intrusion of leaked ammonia fuel into each working area on the ship, such as the engine room 31. For this reason, the leaked ammonia diffusion prevention structure 30 for an ammonia-fueled ship according to the second embodiment basically comprises a water jet pipe 37 arranged in the corner of the ceiling on the passage 33 side of the entrance 32 to each work area on the ship, such as the engine room, and a drip tray 39 that receives drips of water jetted out from water sprayers (sprinklers) 38a to 38l (L) arranged on the ceiling, and a water curtain is jetted out downward from the water jet pipe 37 along the wall including the door 34 of the entrance 32. Also, the sprinkler spray water (not shown in FIG. 3 ) from the water sprayers (sprinklers) 38a to 38l (L) takes in the gasified leaked ammonia fuel that has accumulated in the passage 33 area of ​​the entrance 32 into the water spray, turns it into drips, and drops them into the drip tray 39.

[0026] Therefore, even if leaked ammonia fuel enters the passage 33, the leaked ammonia fuel is dissolved in water from a water curtain (not shown in FIG. 3) or water sprayed by water sprayers (sprinklers) 38a to 38l (L), and this is collected as drips in a drip tray 39 and discharged to the outside of the passage 33 through a drip discharge line 40, thereby preventing the ammonia fuel from entering each work area on the ship such as the engine room 31. The intrusion of leaked ammonia into the passage 33 is detected by a control valve 36 equipped with a gas detector, and water supply is started.

[0027] That is, the structure 30 for preventing the diffusion of leaked ammonia for an ammonia-fueled ship according to the second embodiment basically comprises: a water spray pipe that is arranged in a corner of the ceiling outside an entrance 32 of a working area 31 such as an engine room on the ship and sprays a water curtain along the wall including a door 34 outside the entrance 32; a plurality of sprinklers 38a to 38l (L) that are arranged at predetermined intervals on the ceiling outside the entrance 32 and spray water in the form of mist or droplets; a water supply line 35 that passes through a detector-equipped control valve 36 that detects ammonia fuel leakage outside the entrance 32 of the working area 31 such as an engine room on the ship and opens the valve; a drip tray 39 that is arranged on the floor near the entrance 32 of the working area 31 such as an engine room on the ship and receives the water from the water curtain in which leaked ammonia fuel has dissolved and / or the water sprayed from the sprinklers in which gasified leaked ammonia fuel has dissolved that has accumulated in the space of the passage 33 outside the entrance 32 of the working area 31 such as the engine room on the ship; and a discharge pipe 40 that discharges drips from the drip tray 39 overboard.

[0028] The leaked ammonia diffusion prevention structure 30 for the ammonia-fueled ship according to the second embodiment having the above-described basic configuration can prevent the leaked ammonia fuel from entering the engine room 31, which is an important facility on the ship, even if ammonia fuel leaks, and can prevent workers engaged in each task from being exposed to ammonia, thereby achieving safe navigation of the ship. [Industrial Applicability]

[0029] The present invention is used in a structure for preventing the diffusion of leaked ammonia in a bunker station of an ammonia-fueled ship that uses ammonia, which is expected to be a carbon-free fuel. [Explanation of symbols]

[0030] 1. Car carriers 2. Bunker Station 3. Ammonia storage tank 4. Ammonia storage tank installation area 5. Engine Room 6. Tank top 7, 7 Cargo hold 8 Crew quarters 10. Structure for preventing diffusion of leaked ammonia according to Example 1 13 Side shell 14 Ammonia Fuel Line 15 Water Supply Line 16 Control valve 17a, 17b Water jet pipe 18a, 18b Water Curtain 19a~19g Water sprayer (sprinkler) 20a~20g Sprinkler spray water 21 Drip Tray 22 Drip discharge pipe 30. Leaked ammonia diffusion prevention structure according to Example 2 31 Engine Room 32 Entrance to engine room 31 33 Passage to engine room 31 34 Door to the engine room 31 entrance 32 35 Water Supply Line 36 Control valve with gas detector 37 Water Spout Pipe 38a~38l (L) Water Sprinkler 39 Drip Tray 40 Drip discharge line 201 Side shell

Claims

1. a water jet pipe disposed above the freeboard opening and / or at the corners of the ceiling on three sides of the bunker station where ammonia fuel is loaded, and jetting a water curtain along the peripheral wall; a plurality of sprinklers arranged at predetermined intervals on the ceiling of the bunker station to spray water in the form of mist or droplets; a water supply line via a control valve with a detector that detects ammonia fuel leakage in the bunker station and opens the valve; a drip tray disposed on the floor of the bunker station for receiving water from the water curtain containing the leaked ammonia fuel dissolved therein and / or water sprayed by the sprinkler containing the gasified leaked ammonia fuel dissolved therein and remaining in the space of the bunker station; a discharge pipe for discharging drips from the drip tray overboard; 1. A structure for preventing the diffusion of leaked ammonia on an ammonia-fueled ship, comprising:

2. a water jet pipe disposed at a ceiling corner of an entrance passage of a work area such as an engine room in a ship, and jetting a water curtain along a wall in the entrance passage; a plurality of sprinklers arranged at predetermined intervals on the ceiling of an entrance passage of a work area such as an engine room on a ship, which spray water in the form of mist or droplets; A water supply line via a detector-equipped control valve that detects ammonia fuel leakage in an entrance passage of a work area such as an engine room on a ship and opens the valve; a drip tray that is placed on the floor of an entrance passageway of a work area such as an engine room in a ship, and that receives water from the water curtain containing dissolved leaked ammonia fuel and / or water sprayed by a sprinkler containing dissolved gasified leaked ammonia fuel that has accumulated in the space in the entrance passageway of the work area such as an engine room in a ship; a discharge pipe for discharging drips from the drip tray overboard; 1. A structure for preventing the diffusion of leaked ammonia on an ammonia-fueled ship, comprising:

Images