To provide a heat collection / heating unit and a power generation unit using the heat collection / heating unit.

Abstract

To solve the problem that low-temperature heat of solar heat, atmospheric heat, ground heat, lake / river / sea water heat and various exhaust heat is not effectively utilized as an energy source.SOLUTION: At least one kind of low temperature heat among solar heat, atmospheric heat, ground heat, lake / river / sea water heat, and various exhaust heats is collected in an outer case of a heat collecting / heating unit, and the collected heat is radiated to an inner case through a vacuum / black body concentrated radiation chamber. The heat medium is heated by heat exchange with the heat radiated from the vacuum / black body concentrated radiation chamber in the heat medium heat exchange channel, and can be effectively utilized as electric power by power generation using a heat source and / or a heat collecting / heating unit.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a heat collection and heating unit for collecting and effectively utilizing at least one type of low-temperature heat from the sun, atmosphere, geothermal, river water, seawater, lake water, and various types of waste heat as an energy source, and a power generation unit using the heat collection and heating unit. [Background technology]

[0002] The low-temperature heat is not effectively utilized as an energy source. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 7300600 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The challenge is to build a unit that collects and heats the low-temperature heat and a power generation unit that uses the heat collection and heating unit. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The low-temperature heat is collected, and the heat collection and heating unit has a concentric double cylindrical tube and concentric double spherical shell structure, and the heat medium and / or thermoelectric element are heated by vacuum and blackbody concentrated radiation, making it effectively usable as a heat source for heat and power generation.

[0006] Therefore, the above-mentioned object of the present invention is to provide a heat collection / heating unit configured to collect at least one type of low-temperature heat from among solar heat, atmospheric heat, geothermal heat, river water heat, seawater heat, lake water heat, and various types of exhaust heat, and to exchange heat with a heat medium, thereby raising the temperature of the heat medium, the unit comprising an outer case having an inner circumferential surface treated with a blackbody, and an inner case disposed within the outer case and having an outer circumferential surface treated with a blackbody, the outer circumferential surface of the outer case forming a heat collection surface that collects at least one type of low-temperature heat from among solar heat, atmospheric heat, geothermal heat, river water heat, seawater heat, lake water heat, and various types of exhaust heat, the space between the outer case and the inner case forming a sealed vacuum / blackbody concentrated irradiation chamber from which the heat collected by the heat collection surface is radiated, the inner case comprising an inner case body and a main pipe body disposed within the inner case body, and a space between the inner case body and the main pipe body the space forms a sealed heat medium heat exchange flow path, the main pipe body is provided with an inlet pipe through which the heat medium flows in from the outside, an outlet pipe through which the heat medium flows out to the outside, and a stopper that closes and connects one end of the inlet pipe and one end of the outlet pipe, the other end of the inlet pipe and the other end of the outlet pipe are arranged outside the outer case, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe have a plurality of heat medium flow path holes formed in their pipe walls, the heat medium supplied to the inlet pipe flows out into the heat medium heat exchange flow path through the heat medium flow path holes formed in the inlet pipe, is heated in the heat medium heat exchange flow path by heat exchange with the heat radiated from the vacuum / blackbody concentrated radiation chamber, is configured to be able to flow into the outlet pipe through the heat medium flow path holes formed in the outlet pipe, and flows out to the outside from the other end of the outlet pipe.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of first fins are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the outer case, and a plurality of second fins are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the inner case body.

[0008] It is preferable that the fin tip portions of the second fins are arranged to face the heat medium flow path holes formed in the inlet pipe.

[0009] The plurality of heat medium passage holes formed in the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are preferably arranged in a staggered pattern along the longitudinal direction of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe.

[0010] The above-mentioned object of the present invention is also achieved by a power generation unit comprising the heat collecting / heating unit, a heat medium turbine, a condenser, and a generator, in which the heat medium is heated in the heat medium heat exchange flow path of the heat collecting / heating unit to form medium vapor, and the generator is driven by the heat medium turbine to generate electricity.

[0011] The above object of the present invention is also achieved by a power generation unit comprising the heat collecting / heating unit, a compressor, an expansion valve, and a Stirling engine generator, wherein the heat receiving part of the Stirling engine generator is heated by the heat medium heat exchange flow path of the heat collecting / heating unit, and further compressed by the compressor, and then heated by the high-temperature heat medium to generate power.

[0012] The above object of the present invention is also achieved by a power generation unit including the heat collecting / heating unit and a plurality of thermoelectric conversion elements arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the inner case body. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] The low-temperature heat mentioned above is abundant and can be distributed locally as clean energy. It is useful as a heat source for local production and consumption and for power generation. In addition, it contributes to global warming countermeasures by effectively utilizing solar heat, atmospheric heat, geothermal heat, river water heat, seawater heat, lake water heat, and various types of waste heat. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0014] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the heat collecting and heating unit. [Figure 2] AA-BB cross-sectional view of the heat collecting and heating unit. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the outer case of the heat collecting / heating unit. [Figure 4]FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the inner case of the heat collecting / heating unit. [Figure 5] DD and EE cross-sectional views of the inner case of the heat collecting and heating unit. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the assembly process for the heat collection and heating unit. [Figure 7] This is a power generation unit that uses a heat collection and heating unit. [Figure 8] This is an example of a power generation unit that uses the functions of a heat collection and heating unit. [Figure 9] This is an example of installation of a heat collection and heating unit 1 / 2. [Figure 10] This is an example of installation of a heat collection and heating unit 2 / 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0015] The details of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. It should be noted that the following embodiment is merely an example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, its applications, or its uses.

[0016] The heat collection and heating unit 10 shown in Figures 1 and 2 is composed of an outer case 20 and an inner case 30. The outer case body 21 is on the outside, and the inner case body 31 is assembled in the center of the inside of the outer case body 21 in the form of a concentric double circular pipe and / or a concentric double spherical shell. The inner peripheral surface of outer case body 21 and the outer peripheral surface of inner case body 31 are blackbody treated. The space between outer case 20 and inner case 30 is closed at both ends of outer case 20 by blind flanges IN22 and EX23, and is evacuated by vacuum check valve 24.

[0017] The outer peripheral surface of the outer case 20 is a heat collection surface 40, the space between the outer case 20 and the inner case 30 is a vacuum / blackbody concentrated radiation chamber 50, and the space between the inner case body 31 and the main pipe body 32 is a heat medium heat exchange flow path 60.

[0018] The outer case 20 shown in Figure 3 is composed of an outer case main body 21, blind flange IN 22, blind flange EX 23, O-ring 22a, dust seal 22b, bolt 22c, and vacuum check valve 24. The outer case main body 21 is integrally formed by joining a circular pipe 21a, a spherical shell 21b, a first fin 21c, a connecting pipe 21d, and a flange 21e. A plurality of first fins 21c are provided at predetermined intervals on the outer peripheral surface of the outer case main body 21 to increase the heat collection area. The flange 21e has a circular opening in the center for assembling the inner case 30. The outer peripheral surface of the outer case main body 21 is colored to increase heat collection efficiency, for example, black.

[0019] 4 and 5, inner case 30 is composed of inner case body 31, main pipe body 32, O-rings 32h, 32j, 32k, and 32l, nuts 32i and 32m, and heat insulating material 32n. Inner case body 31 is integrally formed by joining circular pipe 31a, spherical shell 31b, second fin 31c, IN boss 31d, and EX boss 31e. Multiple second fins 31c are provided at predetermined intervals on the inner circumferential surface of inner case body 31 to increase the heat exchange area.

[0020] The main pipe body 32 is integrally formed by joining an inlet pipe 32a, an outlet pipe 32b, a stopper 32c, an IN boss 32d, an EX boss 32e, a boss A 32f, and a boss B 32g. A stopper 32c is joined between the inlet pipe 32a and the outlet pipe 32b, closing the inlet pipe 32a and the outlet pipe 32b. Heat medium flow path holes 32o are arranged in a staggered pattern in the pipe walls of the inlet pipe 32a and the outlet pipe 32b in positions facing the second fins 31c of the inner case body 31 along the longitudinal direction.

[0021] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, low-temperature heat from the sun, air, earth, river water, seawater, lake water, and various types of exhaust heat is collected on the heat collection surface 40 and radiated to the inner case body 31 through a vacuum / blackbody concentrated radiation chamber 50.

[0022] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the heat medium enters the inlet pipe 32a from the outside, flows out through the heat medium flow path hole 32o into the heat medium heat exchange flow path 60, is heated in the heat medium heat exchange flow path 60 by heat exchange with the heat radiated from the vacuum / blackbody concentrated radiation chamber 50, enters the outlet pipe 32b through the heat medium flow path hole 32o, and flows out to the outside.

[0023] The heat medium passage holes 32o formed in the pipe walls of the inlet pipe 32a and the outlet pipe 32b are arranged opposite the tips of the second fins 31c of the inner case body 31, so that the heat medium flows in a turbulent state through the heat medium heat exchange passage 60, and high heat exchange efficiency is achieved by a synergistic effect with the second fins 31c that are provided to increase the heat exchange area. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of flowing the heat medium in a turbulent state, it is preferable that the heat medium passage holes 32o be arranged in a staggered pattern along the longitudinal direction of the inlet pipe 32a and the outlet pipe 32b.

[0024] The materials for the outer case and inner case of the heat collection / heating unit are thermally conductive, capable of being blackened, heat resistant, corrosion resistant, weldable, and plastically workable, such as stainless steel, and the packings are made of heat resistant rubber.

[0025] Figure 6 shows an overview of the assembly process for the heat collection and heating unit. As shown in C, O-ring 32h is attached to boss IN 32d of main pipe body 32, and O-ring 32j is attached to boss EX 32e. Then, boss IN 32d is inserted into boss IN 31d of inner case body 31, and boss EX 31e is inserted into boss EX 32e, and inner case body 31 and main pipe body 32 are assembled with nut 32i. O-ring 32h and O-ring 32j are attached to prevent leakage between inner case body 31 and main pipe body 32.

[0026] As shown in FIG. 6D, an O-ring 22a and a dust seal 22b are attached to the blind flange IN22 of the outer case 20, and the blind flange IN22 is attached to the flange 21e of the outer case body 21 with bolts 22c.

[0027] As shown in Fig. 6E, an O-ring 32k is attached to boss A32f of the main pipe body 32, an O-ring 32l is attached to boss B32g, and a heat insulator 32n is attached to pipe EX32b. An O-ring 22a and a vacuum check valve 24 are attached to blind flange EX23 of the outer case 20, and boss B32g of the main pipe body 32 is inserted into the central hole of the blind flange EX23, and the inner case body 31 and blind flange EX23 are assembled with nut 32m.

[0028] As shown in Figure 6F, the inner case body 31 and blind flange EX23 are assembled, and then the boss A32f of the main pipe body 32 is inserted into the central hole of the blind flange IN22 of the outer case body 21. The insertion portion of the boss A32f is slide-type to accommodate thermal expansion in the longitudinal direction. The blind flange EX23 is attached to the flange 21e of the outer case body 21 with bolts 22c.

[0029] The O-rings 22a, 32k, and 32l prevent vacuum leakage from the vacuum / blackbody concentrated radiation chamber, the dust seal 22b prevents dust from entering due to thermal expansion of the main pipe body 32 in the longitudinal direction, and the heat insulator 32n is installed to insulate the outflow pipe 32b. The vacuum check valve 24 evacuates the vacuum / blackbody concentrated radiation chamber 50 and maintains the vacuum state.

[0030] FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a power generation unit using a heat collection and heating unit 10. The power generation unit shown in A of FIG. 7 is a binary power generation unit that includes a heat collection / heating unit 10, a heat medium turbine, a generator, and a condenser. Specifically, this is a power generation unit that heats a heat medium such as water or ammonia water, pentane, or alternative chlorofluorocarbons, which have a boiling point lower than that of water, in the heat medium heat exchange flow path 60 of the heat collection / heating unit 10 to produce medium vapor, and uses this medium vapor to rotate a heat medium turbine, thereby driving a generator and generating electricity. The boiled working medium is cooled by the condenser, returns to the heat collecting / heating unit 10 and circulates through the power generating unit.

[0031] The power generation unit shown in FIG. 7B is a Stirling engine power generation unit that includes a heat collecting / heating unit 10, a compressor, an expansion valve, and a Stirling engine generator. A Stirling engine is a type of external combustion engine that is driven by heating and cooling the gas inside the engine from the outside to expand and contract. A heat medium such as CO2 or N2 is heated in the heat medium heat exchange flow path 60 of the heat collection and heating unit 10, and the heat medium compressed and heated in the compressor heats the heat receiving part of the Stirling engine generator, generating electricity. The heat medium is reduced in pressure and temperature by the expansion valve, returns to the heat collection and heating unit 10, and circulates through the power generation unit.

[0032] FIG. 8 shows an example of a thermoelectric conversion element power generation unit that uses the function of the heat collecting and heating unit 10. The power generation unit shown in Figure 8, which uses thermoelectric conversion elements, has multiple thermoelectric conversion elements arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the inner case body 31 of the heat collection / heating unit 10, and the low-temperature heat collected on the heat collection surface 40 is radiated to the thermoelectric conversion elements through the vacuum / blackbody concentrated radiation chamber 50 to heat them. This power generation unit generates electricity by flowing cooling water, which is a heat medium, through the heat medium exchange flow path 60, using the temperature difference between the heating side and the cooling side of the thermoelectric conversion element, and can extract the electricity through a vacuum connector. It is predicted that power generation efficiency will increase if the temperature difference between the heating side and the cooling side of each of the multiple thermoelectric conversion elements is kept approximately constant, so for example, the shape of the outer case body 21 is made conical, with the inlet pipe 32a side of the main pipe body 32 being narrower and the outlet pipe 32b side being wider, as shown in Figure 8. In all of the binary power generation units, Stirling engine power generation units, and thermoelectric conversion element power generation units, the cooling water is heated by heat exchange, so it can be used for hot water supply and heating, for example.

[0033] 9A shows an example of a vertical installation of the heat collecting and heating unit 10, FIG. 9B shows an example of a horizontal installation, and FIG. 10 shows an example of a floating installation of the heat collecting and heating unit 10. The higher the flow rate of gas or liquid on the outer surface (heat collection surface 40) of the outer case 20, the higher the heat transfer coefficient, promoting convection and reducing the effect of the boundary layer, resulting in more efficient heat conduction. By taking these factors into consideration, the efficiency of heat management can be significantly improved, and the installation of additional equipment such as a fan or screw can increase the thermal conductivity and heat collection efficiency. [Explanation of symbols]

[0034] 10. Heat collection / heating unit 20. Outer case 30··Inner case 40··Heat collection surface 50··Vacuum·Blackbody concentrated radiation chamber 60··Heat medium heat exchange channel 21··Outer case body 21a·Circular tube 21b·Spherical shell 21c·First fin 21d·Connecting pipe 21e·Flange 22··Blind flange IN 22a·O ring 22b Dust seal 22c Bolt 23··Blind flange EX 24 Vacuum check valve 31··Inner case body 31a·Circular tube 31b·Spherical shell 31c·Second Fin 31d·Boss IN 31e·Boss EX 32 Main pipe body 32a Inflow pipe 32b Outflow pipe 32c·Stop plug 32d·Boss IN 32e·Boss EX 32f Boss A 32g Boss B 32h O-ring 32i Nut 32j O-ring 32k O-ring 32l O-ring 32m nut 32n·Insulation material 32o·Heat medium flow hole

Claims

1. A heat collection and heating unit configured to collect at least one type of low-temperature heat from among solar heat, atmospheric heat, geothermal heat, river water heat, seawater heat, lake water heat, and various types of exhaust heat, and to be able to exchange heat with a heat medium, thereby raising the temperature of the heat medium, The device includes an outer case whose inner circumferential surface is treated with a black body, and an inner case disposed inside the outer case whose outer circumferential surface is treated with a black body, the outer circumferential surface of the outer case constitutes a heat collection surface that collects at least one type of low-temperature heat from among solar heat, atmospheric heat, geothermal heat, river water heat, seawater heat, lake water heat, and various types of exhaust heat; a space between the outer case and the inner case constitutes a sealed vacuum / blackbody concentrated irradiation chamber in which the heat collected by the heat collecting surface is dissipated; the inner case includes an inner case body and a main pipe body disposed within the inner case body; a space between the inner case body and the main pipe body forms a sealed heat medium heat exchange flow path, the main pipe body includes an inlet pipe through which the heat medium flows in from the outside, an outlet pipe through which the heat medium flows out to the outside, and a stopper that closes and connects one end of the inlet pipe and one end of the outlet pipe, the other end of the inlet pipe and the other end of the outlet pipe are disposed outside the outer case, The inlet pipe and the outlet pipe have a plurality of heat medium flow path holes formed in their pipe walls, a heat collecting / heating unit configured such that the heat medium supplied to the inlet pipe flows out into the heat medium heat exchange passage through the heat medium passage hole formed in the inlet pipe, and is heated in the heat medium heat exchange passage by heat exchange with the heat radiated from the vacuum / blackbody concentrated radiation chamber, and is configured to be able to flow into the outlet pipe through the heat medium passage hole formed in the outlet pipe, and flows out to the outside from the other end of the outlet pipe.

2. The heat collecting / heating unit according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of first fins are provided on an outer peripheral surface of the outer case, and a plurality of second fins are provided on an inner peripheral surface of the inner case body.

3. 3. The heat collecting / heating unit according to claim 1, wherein a tip end of the second fin is disposed opposite the heat medium flow path hole formed in the inlet pipe.

4. The heat collection / heating unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plurality of heat medium flow path holes formed in the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are arranged in a staggered pattern along the longitudinal direction of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe.

5. 5. A power generation unit comprising a heat collecting / heating unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, a heat medium turbine, a generator, and a condenser, wherein the heat medium is heated in the heat medium heat exchange flow path of the heat collecting / heating unit to form medium vapor, and the generator is driven by the heat medium turbine to generate electricity.

6. A power generation unit comprising the heat collecting / heating unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, a compressor, an expansion valve, and a Stirling engine generator, A power generation unit in which a heat medium is heated in the heat medium heat exchange flow path of the heat collection / heating unit, and further compressed by a compressor, and the heat receiving part of the Stirling engine generator is heated by the high-temperature heat medium to generate electricity.

7. 5. A power generating unit comprising: the heat collecting / heating unit according to claim 1; and a plurality of thermoelectric conversion elements disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner case body.

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