Ships, air conditioning methods

Abstract

This effectively prevents ammonia from entering residential areas, and if ammonia at a concentration dangerous to humans is detected in the outside air, the residential area can be used as an evacuation shelter. [Solution] The ship comprises a hull, an air conditioner provided in the living area, and a living area provided in the hull, and the living area comprises a plurality of rooms provided within the living area, a corridor provided within the living area and connected to the plurality of rooms, an airlock chamber isolated from the corridor by a first door that can be opened and closed and isolated from the outside of the living area by a second door that can be opened and closed, an air supply duct that can supply air that has been temperature-adjusted by the air conditioner to at least some of the plurality of rooms and the airlock chamber, a return air duct that returns air from the corridor to the air conditioner, and an exhaust duct that forcibly exhausts air to the outside via at least some other rooms of the plurality of rooms.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a ship and an air conditioning method. [Background technology]

[0002] Ammonia is sometimes carried on board ships as fuel for ship propulsion or as cargo. Ammonia has a strong odor and is highly toxic, so measures must be taken to prevent ammonia from reaching crew and passengers on board in the unlikely event that the ammonia leaks or the ammonia tank pressure rises excessively and ammonia is released into the atmosphere.

[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which an airlock space is provided at the entrance to an engine room where an engine that uses ammonia as fuel is installed. The airlock space has a pressurizing means for maintaining the internal pressure higher than the pressure in the engine room or a ventilation means for replacing the air inside. In this configuration, the provision of the airlock space prevents ammonia from leaking outside the engine room in the event that an odor caused by ammonia is generated inside the engine room. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2023-93266 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, on ships, tanks for storing ammonia may be installed in locations other than the engine room. Therefore, it is necessary to effectively prevent ammonia generated in locations other than the engine room from entering living areas such as rooms used by crew and passengers, sanitary rooms (toilets), and the wheelhouse. In addition, if ammonia at a concentration dangerous to humans is detected in the outside air, it is necessary to secure an evacuation shelter for crew and passengers.

[0006] The present disclosure has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a ship and an air conditioning method that effectively prevents ammonia from entering the living area, and that allows the living area to be used as an evacuation shelter if ammonia at a concentration dangerous to humans is detected in the outside air. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, a vessel according to the present disclosure comprises a hull, an air conditioner, and an accommodation area. The air conditioner is provided in the accommodation area. The accommodation area is provided in the hull. The accommodation area comprises a plurality of rooms, a passageway, an airlock room, an air supply duct, a return air duct, and an exhaust duct. The rooms are provided within the accommodation area. The passageway is provided within the accommodation area and is connected to the rooms. The airlock is isolated from the passageway by an openable first door and is isolated from the outside of the accommodation area by an openable second door. The air supply duct is capable of supplying air temperature-adjusted by the air conditioner to at least some of the rooms among the rooms and to the airlock room. The return air duct returns the air from the passageway to the air conditioner. The exhaust duct forcibly exhausts a portion of the air temperature-adjusted by the air conditioner to the outside via at least some other rooms among the rooms.

[0008] The air conditioning method for a ship according to the present disclosure is an air conditioning method for a ship as described above, and includes the steps of: detecting whether the outside air contains ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans; a step carried out when the outside air does not contain ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans; and a step carried out when ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans is detected in the outside air. In the step carried out when the outside air does not contain ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans, when the outside air does not contain ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans, in at least some of the multiple chambers, outside air is taken in from the outside to the inside of the chamber, air is supplied from the air conditioner to at least some of the multiple chambers, and air is returned from the chamber to the air conditioner, and air is forcibly discharged from at least other some of the multiple chambers to the outside. In the process carried out when ammonia at a concentration dangerous to the human body is detected in the outside air, when ammonia at a concentration dangerous to the human body is detected in the outside air, outside air is taken into the living area through a detoxification filter, air is supplied from the air conditioner to at least some of the multiple rooms, air is returned from inside the room to the air conditioner, and air is naturally discharged from at least some of the other rooms of the multiple rooms to the outside.

[0009] The air conditioning method for a ship according to the present disclosure is an air conditioning method for a ship including a hull, an air conditioner, and an accommodation area. The accommodation area is provided in the hull. The accommodation area includes a plurality of rooms, a passageway, an air conditioner, an air supply duct, an outside air duct, and a return air duct. The rooms are provided within the accommodation area. The passageway is provided within the accommodation area and connected to the rooms. The air conditioner is provided in the accommodation area. The air supply duct is capable of supplying air temperature-adjusted by the air conditioner to at least some of the rooms. The outside air duct supplies outside air to the air conditioner. The return duct returns the air to the air conditioner from the passageway and a wheelhouse provided within the accommodation area. The air conditioning method for a ship includes a step of detecting whether or not the outside air contains ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans, a step carried out when the outside air does not contain ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans, and a step carried out when ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans is detected in the outside air. In the step carried out when the outside air does not contain ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans, when the outside air does not contain ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans, outside air is taken in from the outside to the inside of at least some of the multiple chambers, air is supplied from the air conditioner to at least some of the multiple chambers, and air is returned from the rooms to the air conditioner, and air is forcibly discharged from at least other some of the multiple chambers to the outside. In the process carried out when ammonia at a concentration dangerous to the human body is detected in the outside air, when ammonia at a concentration dangerous to the human body is detected in the outside air, outside air is taken into the living area through a harm-removing filter, and air is naturally discharged from at least some of the other rooms out of the plurality of rooms to the outside. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to effectively prevent ammonia from entering residential areas, and if ammonia at a concentration dangerous to humans is detected in the outside air, the residential area can be used as an evacuation shelter. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a side view of a floating body equipped with a vessel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an example of the layout of the first living area 11 in the embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing an example of the layout of the second living area in an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing an example of the layout of the third living area in an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] 3 is a flowchart showing the steps of an air conditioning method for a marine vessel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the air flow in the living area under normal circumstances. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the air flow in a residential area when ammonia at a concentration dangerous to humans is detected in the outside air. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] Hereinafter, a ship and an air conditioning method for a ship according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. (Overall configuration of the ship) As shown in Fig. 1, the ship 1 of this embodiment includes at least a hull 2, a superstructure 4, an accommodation area 10, and an air conditioner 40. The type of ship 1 is not limited to a specific type. Examples of the type of ship 1 include cargo ships such as container ships, liquefied gas carriers, ferries, roll-on / roll-off ships, car carriers, and passenger ships.

[0013] The hull 2 ​​has a pair of side walls 5A, 5B that form its outer hull, and a bottom 6. The side walls 5A, 5B are equipped with a pair of side shell plating that form the port and starboard sides, respectively. The bottom 6 is equipped with a bottom shell plating that connects the side walls 5A, 5B. Multiple decks 7 are provided vertically within the hull 2. Of the multiple decks 7, an upper deck 8 is provided as the uppermost, full-length deck. The superstructure 4 is formed on this upper deck 8. In this embodiment, the superstructure 4 is provided on the upper deck 8, for example, on the stern 2b side of the hull 2. The superstructure 4 may also be provided on the bow 2a side of the hull 2.

[0014] The ship 1 is equipped with an ammonia facility (not shown). Examples of the ammonia facility include a tank for storing ammonia and equipment that uses ammonia as fuel. The ammonia facility is provided outside the accommodation space 10. There are no limitations on the location of the ammonia facility in the ship 1, as long as it is outside the accommodation space 10. The ammonia facility can be located, for example, inside the hull 2, on the upper deck 8, etc.

[0015] (Residential area composition) The accommodation area 10 is where the crew and passengers of the vessel 1 reside while the vessel 1 is sailing. The accommodation area 10 is provided within the superstructure 4. In this embodiment, the accommodation area 10 comprises, for example, a first accommodation area 11, a second accommodation area 12, and a third accommodation area 13. The first accommodation area 11, the second accommodation area 12, and the third accommodation area 13 are provided within the superstructure 4, but are not limited to being stacked in this order. The installation locations and number of accommodation areas 10 on the vessel 1 shown here are merely examples and can be changed as appropriate.

[0016] FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an example of the layout of the first living area in the embodiment of the present disclosure. 2, the first living area 11 includes a plurality of rooms 100, a passageway 120, and an airlock room 140. The plurality of rooms 100 and the passageway 120 are provided within the first living area 11.

[0017] The multiple rooms 100 are arranged side by side along the aisle 120 so as to be adjacent to the aisle 120. The multiple rooms 100 include, for example, a cabin 100R for crew and passengers, a toilet 100T attached to the cabin 100R, and the like.

[0018] The passage 120 is connected to the multiple chambers 100 via louvered doors 101 provided in each of the multiple chambers 100. In this embodiment, the passage 120 extends along a portion of the engine casing 9 provided adjacent to the superstructure 4.

[0019] The airlock chamber 140 is provided at the boundary between the passageway 120 inside the first accommodation area 11 and the outside of the first accommodation area 11, in a portion where crew members and passengers enter and exit. At least one airlock chamber 140 is provided. In this embodiment, for example, three airlock chambers 140 are provided. In this embodiment, the airlock chambers 140 include airlock chambers 140A provided at both ends in the extension direction of the passageway 120, and airlock chamber 140B provided in the middle of the passageway 120.

[0020] The airlock chamber 140A is located at the boundary between both ends of the passageway 120 in the extension direction and the external passageway and external staircase space 71 located outside the first living area 11 within the superstructure 4.

[0021] The airlock chamber 140B is provided at the boundary between the middle of the passageway 120 and the engine casing 9 provided outside the first accommodation space 11 within the superstructure 4.

[0022] Each of the airlock chambers 140 (140A, 140B) has a first door 141 and a second door 142. The airlock chambers 140 are isolated from the passageway 120 by the first door 141, which can be opened and closed. The airlock chambers 140 are isolated from the outside of the first living area 11 by the second door 142, which can be opened and closed. The airlock chambers 140A are isolated from the external passageway and external stair space 71 by the second door 142. The airlock chambers 140B are isolated from the engine casing 9 by the second door 142. Crew members and passengers can enter and exit between the passageway 120 within the first living area 11 and the outside of the first living area 11 by opening the first door 141 and the second door 142.

[0023] FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an example of the layout of the second living area in the embodiment of the present disclosure. 3, the second living area 12 includes a plurality of chambers 200, a passageway 220, and an airlock chamber 240. The plurality of chambers 200 and the passageway 220 are provided within the second living area 12.

[0024] The multiple rooms 200 are arranged in a line along the aisle 220 so as to be adjacent to the aisle 220. The multiple rooms 200 include, for example, a galley 200G where meals to be served to the crew and passengers are prepared, a dining room 200E where the crew and passengers eat, and a shared toilet 250T.

[0025] The passage 220 is connected to the multiple chambers 200 via louvered doors 201 provided in each of the multiple chambers 200. In this embodiment, the passage 220 extends along a portion of the engine casing 9 provided adjacent to the superstructure 4.

[0026] The airlock chamber 240 is provided at the boundary between the passageway 220 inside the second living area 12 and the outside of the second living area 12, in a section where people enter and exit. At least one airlock chamber 240 is provided. In this embodiment, for example, two airlock chambers 240 are provided. In this embodiment, the airlock chambers 240 are provided at both ends in the extension direction of the passageway 220. The airlock chambers 240 are provided at the boundary between both ends in the extension direction of the passageway 220 and the external passageway or external staircase space 72 provided outside the second living area 12 within the superstructure 4.

[0027] The airlock room 240 is equipped with a first door 241 and a second door 242. The airlock room 240 is isolated from the passageway 220 by the openable first door 241. The airlock room 240 is isolated from the external passageway and external stair space 72 provided outside the second living area 12 by the openable second door 242. Crew members and passengers can enter and exit between the passageway 220 within the second living area 12 and the outside of the second living area 12 by opening the first door 241 and the second door 242.

[0028] FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of the layout of the third living area according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 4, the third accommodation space 13 includes a wheelhouse 300. Although the third accommodation space 13 includes the wheelhouse 300, the third accommodation space 13 may include a room other than the wheelhouse 300. The outside of the wheelhouse 300 is on the upper deck 8 and is exposed to the outside air. The wheelhouse 300 is provided with a sliding door (third door) 301 and a hinged door (third door) 302. Crew members can move between the inside and outside of the wheelhouse 300 (third accommodation space 13) through the sliding door 301 and the door 302. The wheelhouse 300 is not provided with an airlock room.

[0029] (Air conditioner configuration) FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 5, the air conditioner 40 supplies temperature-adjusted air to at least some of the rooms 100, 200 and airlock rooms 140, 240 among the multiple rooms 100, 200 in the accommodation area 10 (first accommodation area 11, second accommodation area 12), and to the wheelhouse 300 in the third accommodation area 13. In this embodiment, the air conditioner 40 provides air conditioning for the multiple rooms 100, 200 and the wheelhouse 300. The air conditioner 40 is installed, for example, in the superstructure 4.

[0030] An air supply duct 41, return air ducts 42 and 45, and an outside air duct 43 are connected to the air conditioner 40.

[0031] The air supply duct 41 can supply air temperature-adjusted by the air conditioner 40 to at least some of the rooms 100, 200 and the airlock rooms 140, 240. In this embodiment, the air supply duct 41 is connected to the living room 100R, the dining room 200E, and the airlock rooms 140, 240 among the rooms 100, 200 via multiple branch ducts 41s. The air conditioner 40 supplies the air temperature-adjusted by the air conditioner 40 to the living room 100R, the dining room 200E, and the airlock rooms 140, 240 through the air supply duct 41. The air supplied to the living room 100R and the dining room 200E flows into the passageways 120, 220 through louvered doors 101, 201.

[0032] In addition, the air supply duct 41 in this embodiment is connected to the wheelhouse 300 in the third living space 13 via a branch duct 41t. The air conditioner 40 supplies air whose temperature has been adjusted by the air conditioner 40 to the wheelhouse 300 through the air supply duct 41.

[0033] The return air duct 42 returns air from the passages 120, 220 to the air conditioner 40. One end of the return air duct 42 is connected to each of the passages 120, 220. The other end of the return air duct 42 is connected to the intake port of the air conditioner 40. As a result, the air supplied to the living room 100R and the dining room 200E through the supply air duct 41 passes through the louvered doors 101, 201, passes through the passages 120, 220, and the return air duct 42, and is returned to the air conditioner 40.

[0034] The return air duct 45 exhausts the air inside the wheelhouse 300 from the wheelhouse 300. The return air duct 45 is connected midway to the return air duct 42. The air inside the wheelhouse 300 passes through the return air duct 45 and the return air duct 42 and is returned to the air conditioner 40.

[0035] The exhaust duct 47 exhausts air from other rooms among the multiple rooms 100, 200, such as the toilet 100T attached to the living room 100R, or the shared toilet 250T, into the atmosphere outside the first living area 11 and the second living area 12. The toilet 100T and the shared toilet 250T may also be referred to as a sanitary room, sanitary section, etc. In this embodiment, the exhaust duct 47 is connected to the toilet 100T and the shared toilet 250T. The exhaust duct 47 is equipped with an exhaust fan 47f and a closing device 47v.

[0036] The exhaust duct 47 uses the exhaust fan 47f to draw in air from the toilet 100T and the shared toilet 250T and discharge it into the atmosphere. As the air from the toilet is drawn into the exhaust duct 47, the pressure inside the toilet decreases. As a result, air from the living room 100R flows into the toilet 100T through the louvered door 101 of the toilet 100T. Similarly, air from the passage 220 flows into the shared toilet 250T through the louvered door 201 of the shared toilet 250T. This allows some of the air from the living area 10 to be discharged into the atmosphere.

[0037] Closing device 47v has a valve that can close the flow path in exhaust duct 47. If necessary, closing device 47v can close the flow path in exhaust duct 47, thereby blocking the discharge of air from toilet 100T and public toilet 250T into the atmosphere through exhaust duct 47.

[0038] The outside air duct 43 supplies outside air to the air conditioner 40. In this embodiment, the outside air duct 43 includes a first outside air supply line 431 and a second outside air supply line 432. One end of each of the first outside air supply line 431 and the second outside air supply line 432 opens to the atmosphere outside the ship. The other end of each of the first outside air supply line 431 and the second outside air supply line 432 is connected to an intake port of the air conditioner 40.

[0039] A closing device 431v and a deodorizing device 431d are provided along the first outside air supply line 431. The closing device 431v has a valve that can close the flow path in the first outside air supply line 431. When ammonia is contained in the atmosphere (air) sucked in from the atmosphere outside the ship through the first outside air supply line 431, the deodorizing device 431d absorbs the ammonia odor. The first outside air supply line 431 may also have a bypass line 434 that bypasses the deodorizing device 431d. The first outside air supply line 431 and the bypass line 434 each have valves 431x and 434x. By appropriately switching the opening and closing of the valves 431x and 434x, the route taken by the air sucked in from the atmosphere outside the ship through the first outside air supply line 431 can be selected between a route that passes through the deodorizing device 431d and a route that passes through the bypass line 434. This allows the air to pass through the deodorizing device 431d only when there is an ammonia odor.

[0040] The second outside air supply line 432 is provided with a closing device 432v, a detoxification filter 432z, and an air supply fan 432f. The closing device 432v has a valve capable of closing the flow path in the second outside air supply line 432. The detoxification filter 432z reduces ammonia when ammonia is contained in the atmosphere (air) sucked in from the atmosphere outside the ship through the second outside air supply line 432. The air supply fan 432f sends the air taken in from the atmosphere through the second outside air supply line 432 to the air conditioner 40. When air is supplied to the air conditioner 40, a pressure loss occurs in the detoxification filter 432z. The air supply fan 432f compensates for the pressure loss caused by the provision of the detoxification filter 432z and forcibly sends air to the air conditioner 40.

[0041] The vessel 1 further includes a detector 43s that detects ammonia contained in the outside air supplied to the air conditioner 40 through the outside air duct 43. The detector 43s is provided, for example, on a flow path through which the outside air supplied to the air conditioner 40 through the outside air duct 43 flows.

[0042] (Procedure for air conditioning on ships) Fig. 6 is a flowchart showing the steps of an air conditioning method for a marine vessel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 6, the air conditioning method S10 for a marine vessel according to this embodiment includes a step S11 of detecting whether the outside air contains ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans, a step S12 that is performed when the outside air does not contain ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans, and a step S13 that is performed when ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans is detected in the outside air.

[0043] 7 is a diagram showing the air flow in the living area under normal circumstances, where the outside air does not contain ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to the human body. As shown in Fig. 7, in step S11 of detecting whether the outside air contains ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to the human body, detector 43s detects the ammonia contained in the outside air supplied to air conditioner 40 through outside air duct 43. Detector 43s detects whether the concentration of ammonia contained in the outside air is equal to or greater than a predetermined concentration that is dangerous to the human body. If the result shows that the outside air does not contain ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to the human body (step S11: No), the process proceeds to step S12. If the outside air detects ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to the human body (step S11: Yes), the process proceeds to step S13.

[0044] In step S12, which is performed when the outside air does not contain ammonia at a concentration dangerous to humans, the closing device 432v of the second outside air supply line 432 is closed, the air supply fan 432f is stopped, and the closing devices 431v and 47v are open, and the air conditioner 40 is operated. Then, outside air is introduced into the air conditioner 40 through the first outside air supply line 431. Since the first outside air supply line 431 is provided with the deodorizing device 431d, even if the outside air contains a small amount of ammonia that is undetectable by the detector 43s and has an ammonia odor, the ammonia odor is reduced. In this way, the ammonia odor contained in the air from outside can be suppressed by the deodorizing device 431d. If the ammonia odor is not a concern, the outside air may be passed through the bypass line 434.

[0045] Air whose temperature has been adjusted by the air conditioner 40 is supplied to the living room 100R, dining room 200E, and airlock rooms 140 and 240 in the first living area 11 and the second living area 12. As a result, the living room 100R and dining room 200E are air-conditioned by being supplied with air whose temperature has been adjusted by the air conditioner 40. The air supplied to the multiple rooms 100 and 200 passes through the passages 120 and 220 and returns to the air conditioner 40 through the return air duct 42.

[0046] Furthermore, the airlock chambers 140, 240 are supplied with temperature-adjusted air by the air conditioner 40, which creates a positive pressure higher than the pressure outside the living area 10. Therefore, when the first doors 141, 241 and second doors 142, 242 are closed, the intrusion of air from the outside into the airlock chambers 140, 240 is suppressed. This prevents the intrusion of ammonia even if an ammonia odor is detected outside the first living area 11 and the second living area 12.

[0047] Furthermore, in step S12, a portion of the air temperature-adjusted in the air conditioner 40 is supplied to the wheelhouse 300 to air-condition the wheelhouse 300. In the wheelhouse 300, all of the air supplied to the inside of the wheelhouse 300 through the air supply duct 41 is returned to the air conditioner 40 through the air return duct 45. By not providing any outside air inflow routes other than the air supply duct 41 and the air return duct 45 in the wheelhouse 300, the intrusion of air from outside the wheelhouse 300 into the wheelhouse 300 is suppressed.

[0048] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the air flow in the living area when ammonia at a concentration dangerous to humans is detected in the outside air. 8, in step S13, which is performed when a dangerous concentration of ammonia is detected in the outside air, the closing device 431v is closed, the closing device 432v of the second outside air supply line 432 is left open, and the air supply fan 432f and the air conditioner 40 are operated. This allows outside air to be taken in through the second outside air supply line 432 and the air to be exhausted to the outside through the exhaust duct 47. In addition, the closing device 47v on the path of the exhaust duct 47 remains open, and the exhaust fan 47f is stopped, allowing the excess air sent in from the air supply fan 432f to be naturally exhausted. Then, outside air is introduced into the air conditioner 40 by the air supply fan 432f through the second outside air supply line 432. The second outside air supply line 432 is provided with a detoxification filter 432z, so that if the atmosphere (air) sucked in from the atmosphere outside the ship through the second outside air supply line 432 contains ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans, the ammonia is reduced. In this way, when air is supplied to the air conditioner 40 through the second outside air supply line 432, pressure loss occurs in the detoxification filter 432z, but by providing the air supply fan 432f, the pressure loss caused by providing the detoxification filter 432z can be compensated for, and air can be forcibly sent to the air conditioner 40.

[0049] As in step S12, the air temperature-adjusted by the air conditioner 40 is supplied to the living room 100R, dining room 200E, and airlock chambers 140 and 240 in the first living area 11 and the second living area 12. By supplying the air temperature-adjusted by the air conditioner 40 to the airlock chambers 140 and 240, the pressure therein becomes higher than the pressure outside the living area 10. Therefore, even if ammonia is detected, the intrusion of air from the outside into the airlock chambers 140 and 240 is suppressed. This suppresses the intrusion of ammonia into the first living area 11 and the second living area 12.

[0050] Furthermore, in step S13, as in step S12, a portion of the air whose temperature has been adjusted by the air conditioner 40 is supplied to the wheelhouse 300 for air conditioning. In the wheelhouse 300, all of the air supplied to the interior of the wheelhouse 300 through the air supply duct 41 is returned to the air conditioner 40 through the air return duct 45. By not providing any outside air intrusion routes other than the air supply duct 41 and the air return duct 45 in the wheelhouse 300, the intrusion of air from outside the wheelhouse 300 into the wheelhouse 300 is suppressed. This suppresses the intrusion of ammonia into the third accommodation space 13.

[0051] (Action and effect) In the ship 1 and the air conditioning method S10 for the ship 1 according to the above embodiment, air temperature-adjusted by the air conditioner 40 is supplied to at least some of the multiple rooms 100, 200 and the airlock rooms 140, 240. By supplying the air temperature-adjusted by the air conditioner 40 to the airlock rooms 140, 240, the pressure therein is higher than the pressure outside the accommodation area 10. Therefore, when the first doors 141, 241 and the second doors 142, 242 are closed, the intrusion of air into the airlock rooms 140, 240 from outside the accommodation area 10 is suppressed. As a result, the intrusion of ammonia into the accommodation area 10 (first accommodation area 11, second accommodation area 12) is effectively suppressed, and the accommodation area 10 can be used as an evacuation shelter if ammonia at a concentration dangerous to humans is detected in the outside air.

[0052] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the wheelhouse 300 is air-conditioned with air whose temperature has been adjusted by the air conditioner 40. In the wheelhouse 300, all of the air supplied by the air supply duct 41 is returned to the air conditioner 40 through the air return duct 45, and there are no other routes for outside air to enter other than the air supply duct 41 and the air return duct 45, thereby preventing air containing ammonia from entering the wheelhouse 300 from outside the accommodation space 10.

[0053] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the outside air duct 43 that supplies outside air to the air conditioner 40 includes a closing device 431v that can close the flow path in the outside air duct 43. Closing the flow path in the outside air duct 43 with the closing device 431v can prevent air containing ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans from being supplied to the air conditioner 40. As a result, it is possible to prevent ammonia from entering the living area 10 via the air conditioner 40.

[0054] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, when detector 43s detects ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to the human body, closing device 431v is closed, closing device 432v is opened, and air supply fan 432f is operated, thereby allowing outside air that does not contain ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to the human body to be taken in from outside residential area 10 into air conditioner 40, and residential area 10 can be used as an evacuation shelter while air conditioner 40 is operating.

[0055] In addition, in the above embodiment, the outdoor air duct 43 is equipped with a deodorizing device 431d, which makes it possible to prevent the odor of ammonia from appearing in the living area 10 when the outdoor air supplied to the air conditioner 40 through the outdoor air duct 43 contains ammonia. Moreover, a bypass line 434 is provided in the deodorizing device 431d, so that if there is no ammonia odor, the deodorizing device 431d can be left unused.

[0056] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the outside air duct 43 includes a first outside air supply line 431 equipped with a deodorizing device 431d and a second outside air supply line 432 equipped with a deodorizing filter 432z. Under normal circumstances, the smell of ammonia in the living area 10 can be suppressed by supplying outside air to the air conditioner 40 through the first outside air supply line 431. Furthermore, if a leak of ammonia at a concentration dangerous to humans is detected, outside air with reduced ammonia can be supplied to the air conditioner 40 by supplying outside air to the air conditioner 40 through the second outside air supply line 432, thereby suppressing the intrusion of ammonia into the living area 10.

[0057] In addition, in the above embodiment, since the second outside air supply line 432 is equipped with an air supply fan 432f, when outside air is supplied to the air conditioner 40 through the detoxification filter 432z, the air supply fan 432f can compensate for the pressure loss that occurs in the detoxification filter 432z and forcibly send the outside air to the air conditioner 40.

[0058] In addition, in the above embodiment, when ammonia at a concentration dangerous to the human body is detected in the outside air, air is taken in from the outside to the inside of the rooms 100 and 200, and the exhaust fan 47f is stopped to naturally exhaust air to the outside from the toilet 100T and the shared toilet 250T. This makes it possible to take in outside air that has passed through the abatement filter 432z while effectively suppressing the intrusion of ammonia into the living area 10.

[0059] (Other embodiments) The above describes in detail the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the drawings, but the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and design changes and the like are also included within the scope that does not deviate from the gist of the present disclosure. In the above embodiment, the exhaust air from the wheelhouse 300 is recirculated to the air conditioner 40, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the exhaust air from the wheelhouse 300 may be discharged into the atmosphere under normal circumstances, and the exhaust air from the wheelhouse 300 may be shut off when ammonia is detected.

[0060] In addition, in the above embodiment, the outside air duct 43 is provided with the first outside air supply line 431 and the second outside air supply line 432, but this is not limited to this. For example, a configuration may be adopted in which only the first outside air supply line 431 is provided and outside air is not introduced into the air conditioner 40 when ammonia is detected.

[0061] In the above embodiment, the living room 100R, the toilet 100T, the dining room 200E, and the shared toilet 250T are exemplified as the multiple rooms 100 and 200, but the present invention is not limited to these. It goes without saying that the multiple rooms 100 and 200 may be used for other purposes.

[0062] <Additional Notes> The boat 1 and the air conditioning method S10 for the boat 1 described in the embodiment can be understood, for example, as follows.

[0063] (1) A vessel 1 according to a first aspect comprises a hull 2, an air conditioner 40 provided in the hull 2, and a living space 10 provided in the hull 2, the living space 10 comprising a plurality of rooms 100, 200 provided in the living space 10, passages 120, 220 provided in the living space 10 and connected to the plurality of rooms 100, 200, and an air lock that is isolated from the passages 120, 220 by openable first doors 141, 241 and is isolated from the outside of the living space 10 by openable second doors 142, 242. an air supply duct 41 that can supply air whose temperature has been adjusted by the air conditioner 40 to at least some of the rooms 100, 200 and the airlock rooms 140, 240; a return air duct 42 that returns the air from the passages 120, 220 to the air conditioner 40; and an exhaust duct 47 that forcibly exhausts some of the air whose temperature has been adjusted by the air conditioner 40 to the outside via at least some of the other rooms 100T, 250T of the multiple rooms 100, 200.

[0064] As a result, air whose temperature has been adjusted by the air conditioner 40 is supplied to the multiple rooms 100, 200, thereby air-conditioning the multiple rooms 100, 200. The air supplied to the multiple rooms 100, 200, except for air forcibly discharged from rooms 100T, 250T, passes through passages 120, 220 and returns to the air conditioner 40 through the return air duct 42. In addition, by supplying air whose temperature has been adjusted by the air conditioner 40 to the airlock chambers 140, 240, the pressure therein becomes positive, higher than the pressure outside the living area 10. Therefore, when the first doors 141, 241 and the second doors 142, 242 are closed, the intrusion of air from outside the living area 10 into the airlock chambers 140, 240 is suppressed. As a result, the intrusion of ammonia into the living area 10 can be effectively suppressed.

[0065] (2) The vessel 1 according to the second aspect is the vessel 1 of (1), and further comprises a wheelhouse 300 provided on the hull 2 ​​with third doors 301, 302 for direct access to the outside, and to which air temperature-adjusted by the air conditioner 40 can be supplied through the air supply duct 41, and the return air duct 45 returns the air inside the wheelhouse 300 from the wheelhouse 300 to the air conditioner 40.

[0066] As a result, the wheelhouse 300, which can be directly accessed from outside through the third doors 301 and 302, is air-conditioned with air whose temperature has been adjusted by the air conditioner 40. All air supplied to the wheelhouse 300 through the air supply duct 41 is returned from the wheelhouse 300 to the air conditioner through the air return duct 45. By locating no outside air intrusion route other than the air supply duct 41 and the air return duct 45, the intrusion of air containing ammonia from outside the accommodation space 10 into the wheelhouse 300 is suppressed. In addition, by returning air from the wheelhouse 300 to the air conditioner 40 through the air return duct 45, the air conditioning efficiency of the air conditioner 40 can be improved.

[0067] (3) The ship 1 according to the third aspect is the ship 1 of (1) or (2), further comprising an outside air duct 43 that supplies outside air to the air conditioner 40, and the outside air duct 43 is provided with a closing device 431v that can close the flow path within the outside air duct 43.

[0068] Thus, by providing the outside air duct 43 that supplies outside air to the air conditioner 40 with the closing device 431v that can close the flow path in the outside air duct 43, closing the flow path in the outside air duct 43 with the closing device 431v can prevent air containing ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans from being supplied to the air conditioner 40. As a result, it is possible to prevent ammonia from entering the living area 10 via the air conditioner 40.

[0069] (4) The ship 1 according to the fourth aspect is the ship 1 of (3), further comprising a detector 43s for detecting ammonia contained in the outside air supplied to the air conditioner 40 through the outside air duct 43, and the closing device 431v closes the flow path in the outside air duct 43 when the detector 43s detects ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans.

[0070] As a result, if the detector 43s detects ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to the human body, the closing device 431v closes the flow path of the outside air duct 43, thereby preventing air containing ammonia from entering the air conditioner 40 from outside the living area 10.

[0071] (5) The boat 1 according to a fifth aspect is the boat 1 according to (3) or (4), wherein the outside air duct 43 is equipped with a deodorizing device 431d.

[0072] Thus, by providing the outside air duct 43 with the deodorizing device 431d, it is possible to prevent the smell of ammonia from being released into the living area 10 due to the outside air supplied to the air conditioner 40 through the outside air duct 43.

[0073] (6) The ship 1 according to the sixth aspect is the ship 1 of (5), wherein the outside air duct 43 includes a first outside air supply line 431 equipped with the deodorizing device 431d and a second outside air supply line 432 equipped with a deodorizing filter 432z that reduces ammonia.

[0074] As a result, the outside air duct 43 includes a first outside air supply line 431 equipped with a deodorizing device 431d and a second outside air supply line 432 equipped with a deodorizing filter 432z. Under normal circumstances, the smell of ammonia in the living area 10 can be suppressed by supplying outside air to the air conditioner 40 through the first outside air supply line 431. Furthermore, in the event of a leak or the like of ammonia at a concentration dangerous to humans, outside air with reduced ammonia can be supplied to the air conditioner 40 by supplying outside air to the air conditioner 40 through the second outside air supply line 432, thereby suppressing the intrusion of ammonia into the living area 10 and allowing the living area 10 to be used as an evacuation shelter.

[0075] (7) The boat 1 according to a seventh aspect is the boat 1 according to (6), wherein the second outside air supply line 432 further includes an air supply fan 432f that sends outside air to the air conditioner 40.

[0076] As a result, since the second outside air supply line 432 is equipped with an air supply fan 432f, when outside air is supplied to the air conditioner 40 through the detoxification filter 432z, the air supply fan 432f can compensate for the pressure loss that occurs in the detoxification filter 432z and forcibly send the outside air to the air conditioner 40.

[0077] (8) An air conditioning method S10 for a ship 1 according to an eighth aspect is an air conditioning method S10 for a ship 1 according to any one of (1) to (7), and includes a step S11 of detecting whether or not the outside air contains ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to the human body, and when the outside air does not contain ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to the human body, taking in outside air from the outside to the inside of the rooms 100, 200, supplying air from the air conditioner 40 to at least some of the rooms 100, 200, and supplying air from the rooms 100, 200 to the air conditioner 40. and a process S12 of, when a concentration of ammonia that is dangerous to humans is detected in the outside air, taking in outside air through a detoxification filter 432z into the living area 10, supplying air from the air conditioner 40 to at least some of the rooms 100, 200 of the plurality of rooms 100, 200, returning air from inside the rooms 100, 200 to the air conditioner 40, and naturally discharging air from at least some of the rooms 100, 200 to the outside.

[0078] The air conditioning method S10 in this ship 1 allows the living area 10 to be used as a shelter by taking in outside air that has passed through the detoxification filter 432z when ammonia at a concentration dangerous to the human body is detected in the outside air.

[0079] (9) A ninth aspect of the air conditioning method S10 for a vessel 1 includes a hull 2 ​​and a living space 10 provided in the hull 2, the living space 10 including a plurality of rooms 100, 200 provided in the living space 10, passages 120, 220 provided in the living space 10 and connected to the plurality of rooms 100, 200, an air conditioner 40 provided in the living space 10, and a method for supplying air temperature-adjusted by the air conditioner 40 to the plurality of rooms 100, 200. an air supply duct (41) capable of supplying air to at least some of the rooms (100, 200) of the accommodation space (100), an outside air duct (43) that supplies outside air to the air conditioner (40), and return air ducts (42, 45) that return the air from the passages (120, 220) and a wheelhouse (300) provided in the accommodation space (10) to the air conditioner (40), the air conditioning method (S10) for a ship (1) comprising a step of detecting whether or not the outside air contains ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans. The method includes a process S11, and a process S12 in which, when the outside air does not contain ammonia at a concentration dangerous to the human body, in at least some of the rooms 100, 200 of the plurality of rooms 100, 200, outside air is taken in from the outside to the inside of the rooms 100, 200, air is supplied from the air conditioner 40 to at least some of the rooms 100, 200 of the plurality of rooms 100, 200, and air is returned from the rooms 100, 200 to the air conditioner 40, and air is forcibly discharged from at least other rooms 100T, 250T of the plurality of rooms 100, 200 to the outside, and a process S13 in which, when ammonia at a concentration dangerous to the human body is detected in the outside air, outside air is taken in through a harmless filter 432z into the living area 10 and air is naturally discharged from at least other rooms 100T, 250T of the plurality of rooms 100, 200 to the outside.

[0080] When ammonia at a concentration dangerous to humans is detected in the outside air, the air conditioning method S10 in the ship 1 draws outside air into the accommodation area 10 and naturally discharges air to the outside from at least some of the rooms 100T, 250T among the multiple rooms 100, 200. This effectively prevents ammonia from entering the accommodation area 10. [Explanation of symbols]

[0081] 1...Ship 2...Hull 2a…bow 2b…stern 4…Superstructure 5A, 5B...Side 6... Bottom of the ship 7, 7A, 7B…Deck 8...Upper deck 9...Engine casing 10…Residence area 11…First living area 12…Second living area 13…Third residential area 40...Air conditioner 41...Air supply duct 41s, 41t...Branch duct 42...Return air duct 43...Outside air duct 43s...Detector 45...Return air duct 47...Exhaust duct 47f...Exhaust fan 47v…Closing device 71, 72...External corridors and staircase spaces 100, 200…rooms 100R…Room (room) 100T...Toilet (room) 101, 201...doors 120, 220... aisles 140, 140A, 140B, 240...Airlock chambers 141, 241...First door 142, 242...Second door 200E...Dining room (room) 250T...Shared toilet (room) 300...wheelhouse 301...Sliding door (third door) 302...Door (Third Door) 431...First outdoor air supply line 431d…Deodorizing device 431v…Closing device 432...Second outdoor air supply line 432f...Ventilation fan 432v…Closing device 432z... Harmfulness filter

Claims

1. The hull and an air conditioner provided in the hull; a living area provided in the hull, The residential area includes: A plurality of rooms provided within the living area; a passageway provided within the living area and connected to a plurality of the rooms; an airlock chamber isolated from the passageway by a first door that can be opened and closed and isolated from the outside of the living area by a second door that can be opened and closed; an air supply duct capable of supplying air whose temperature has been adjusted by the air conditioner to at least some of the rooms among the plurality of rooms and the airlock chamber; a return air duct that returns the air from the passage to the air conditioner; an exhaust duct that forcibly discharges a portion of the air whose temperature has been adjusted by the air conditioner to the outside via at least some of the other rooms among the plurality of rooms; A vessel equipped with:

2. a wheelhouse provided in the hull, the wheelhouse having a third door for direct access to the outside, and to which air whose temperature has been adjusted by the air conditioner can be supplied through the air supply duct; The return air duct returns the air inside the wheelhouse from the wheelhouse to the air conditioner.

2. The watercraft of claim 1.

3. Further provided is an outside air duct for supplying outside air to the air conditioner, The outside air duct is provided with a closing device capable of closing a flow path in the outside air duct.

3. A vessel according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The air conditioner further includes a detector that detects ammonia contained in the outside air supplied to the air conditioner through the outside air duct, The closing device closes the flow path in the outside air duct when the detector detects ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans.

4. The watercraft of claim 3.

5. The outside air duct is equipped with a deodorizing device 4. The watercraft of claim 3.

6. The outside air duct is a first outside air supply line equipped with the deodorizing device; a second outside air supply line equipped with an ammonia-reducing filter; 6. A watercraft according to claim 5.

7. The second outside air supply line further includes an air supply fan that sends outside air to the air conditioner.

7. A watercraft according to claim 6.

8. 3. The air conditioning method for a ship according to claim 1 or 2, detecting whether the ambient air contains ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans; When the outside air does not contain ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans, in at least some of the multiple rooms, taking in outside air from outside the room to inside the room, supplying air from the air conditioner to at least some of the multiple rooms, and returning air from the room to the air conditioner, and forcibly discharging air from at least other some of the multiple rooms to the outside; When ammonia at a concentration dangerous to humans is detected in the outside air, the process involves taking in outside air through a harmful filter into the living area, supplying air from the air conditioner to at least some of the rooms among the plurality of rooms, returning air from inside the rooms to the air conditioner, and naturally discharging air from at least some of the other rooms among the plurality of rooms to the outside; A method for air conditioning in a ship, comprising:

9. The hull and a living area provided in the hull, The residential area includes: A plurality of rooms provided within the living area; a passageway provided within the living area and connected to a plurality of the rooms; an air conditioner provided in the living area; an air supply duct capable of supplying air temperature-adjusted by the air conditioner to at least some of the rooms among the plurality of rooms; an outside air duct that supplies outside air to the air conditioner; A return air duct that returns the air from the passageway and a wheelhouse provided in the accommodation area to the air conditioner; An air conditioning method for a ship comprising: detecting whether the ambient air contains ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans; When the outside air does not contain ammonia at a concentration that is dangerous to humans, in at least some of the multiple rooms, taking in outside air from outside the room to inside the room, supplying air from the air conditioner to at least some of the multiple rooms, and returning air from the room to the air conditioner, and forcibly discharging air from at least other some of the multiple rooms to the outside; When detecting ammonia in the outside air at a concentration that is dangerous to humans, taking in outside air through a harm-removing filter into the living area and naturally discharging air from at least some of the rooms among the plurality of rooms to the outside; A method for air conditioning in a ship, comprising:

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