Nasal spray devices and nasal sprays

Abstract

This invention provides a nasal spray device that allows for easy administration of liquid medication to the nasal mucosa with one hand, using a simple configuration that does not employ a pump mechanism. [Solution] The nasal spray device 2A comprises a flexible container body 4, a nozzle 6, and a piercing member 24 attached to the nozzle 6. The container body 4 comprises a first container section 8 and a second container section 10. The second container section 10 contains stem cell supernatant K and is sealed with a second sealing member 12. After joining the second container section 10 to the bottom side of the first container section 8, the first container section 8 contains physiological saline S and is sealed with a first sealing member 14. When the nozzle section 6 is fitted into the opening 8a, the piercing member 24 penetrates the first sealing member 14 and the second sealing member 12, connecting the first container section 8 and the second container section 10 and mixing the two liquids. By pressing the first container section 8 with a finger, the mixed liquid is discharged from the nozzle section 6.

Description

Technical Field

[0006] , , , ,

[0001] The present invention relates to a nasal dropping device for administering a liquid agent such as a beauty liquid to the nasal mucosa, and a nasal drop containing the same.

Background Art

[0002] In the field of beauty, therapies using a culture supernatant of stem cells containing cytokines and exosomes have been performed for the purpose of preventing and improving wrinkles and stains, and obtaining an effect of promoting the turnover of skin cells to smooth the skin surface. Specifically, a solution obtained by extracting the culture supernatant of stem cells contained in a vial with a syringe and mixing it with physiological saline or the like is administered transdermally or by intravenous drip.

[0003] Here, when injecting (administering or ingesting) a liquid agent such as a beauty liquid or a chemical solution (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a "liquid agent" or a "nasal drop"), it is considered that mucosal absorption is more efficient than transdermal administration or injection. In particular, if a liquid agent can be easily administered to the nasal mucosa, the efficiency of inoculating the drug into the body is considered to be very good.

[0004] In addition, it is also known that when a beauty liquid obtained by mixing a culture supernatant of stem cells with physiological saline or the like is prepared in advance, the functions of cytokines and the like disappear over time, and the culture supernatant of stem cells is extracted with a syringe and mixed with physiological saline or the like immediately before use. However, mixing with a syringe immediately before use is very time-consuming and troublesome.

[0005] Regarding this point, Patent Document 1 discloses a dissolution spray container for use that separately stores a liquid drug and a solid drug and mixes them with a simple operation at the time of use to prepare a mixed chemical solution.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0006]

Patent Document 1

[0007] The configuration described in Patent Document 1 suggests a nasal administration configuration that mixes two liquids with simple operation without using a syringe; however, it employs a pump mechanism, similar to commonly known allergy medication sprays. As a result, it requires pressing with both hands, which is cumbersome, and the configuration inevitably becomes complicated.

[0008] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and its purpose is to provide a nasal spray device that allows for easy administration of liquid preparations such as beauty serums to the nasal mucosa with one hand, while having a relatively simple structure that does not employ a pump mechanism. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] To achieve the above objective, the nasal spray device (2A, 2B) of the present invention is characterized by comprising: a container body (4) made of a flexible synthetic resin, capable of containing a first liquid agent (S) and a second liquid agent (K) of different types, separated into a first chamber and a second chamber, respectively; a mixing mechanism (20) that mixes the first liquid agent (S) in the first chamber and the second liquid agent (K) in the second chamber by a predetermined operation to generate a mixed solution (M); and a nozzle part (6) that is fitted and fixed to the opening (8a) side of the container body (4) and sprays the mixed solution (M) generated by the mixing mechanism (20).

[0010] According to the nasal spray device of the present invention, a first liquid agent and a second liquid agent of different types, which are separately contained within a single unit, can be mixed without the use of an external device. As a result, a fresh mixture of a beauty serum or the like, which has suppressed deterioration over time, can be dispensed and administered to the nasal mucosa with one hand using the flexibility of the container body, thereby improving usability. Furthermore, because a pump mechanism is not employed, the structure can be simplified and manufacturing costs can be reduced.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above-described nasal spray device (2A), the container body (4) comprises a first container section (8) having an opening (8a) and a through hole (8c) on the opposite side of the opening (8a), and a second container section (10) having an opening at one end and one end joined to the side of the first container section (8) having the through hole (8c), a first chamber defined within the first container section (8), a second chamber defined within the second container section (10), the opening (8a) being sealed with a first sealing member (14), and one end of the second container section (10) being sealed with a second sealing member (12), and the mixing mechanism (20) being fixed to the nozzle section (6) and comprising a piercing member (24) that pierces the first sealing member (14) and the second sealing member (12) in conjunction with the fitting operation of the nozzle section (6). According to this, the first sealing member and the second sealing member can be easily and reliably connected to the first container section and the second container section through the fitting operation of the nozzle section, and a mixed liquid can be made with simple operation.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above-described nasal spray device (2B), the container body (30) comprises a first container section (36) having an opening (36a) and a through hole (36c) on the opposite side of the opening (36a), and a second container section (38) having an opening at one end and one end joined to the side of the first container section (36) having the through hole (36c), the opening (36a) being sealed with a first sealing member (42), and one end of the second container section (38) The side is sealed with a second sealing member (40), and the nozzle portion (32) is provided with a projection (44) that pierces the first sealing member (42) during the fitting operation. The mixing mechanism (34) may have a configuration in which the second sealing member (40) peels off due to the increase in internal pressure caused by pressing either the first container portion (36) or the second container portion (38), thereby creating communication between the first container portion (36) and the second container portion (38). This makes the mixing operation easier.

[0013] Furthermore, the nasal spray devices (2A, 2B) described above may have a bifurcated nozzle (6, 32) that corresponds to both nostrils. This allows for simultaneous administration of the beauty serum to the mucous membranes of both nasal cavities, further improving usability.

[0014] Furthermore, the nasal spray devices (2A, 2B) described above may be configured such that the nozzle portion (6, 32) dispenses the mixed solution (beauty serum) in a direction intersecting the extension direction of the nozzle. This allows the beauty serum to be effectively administered to the nasal mucosa from the entrance of the nostril.

[0015] Furthermore, the nasal spray devices (2A, 2B) described above may have a nozzle section (6, 32) that is flexible and can maintain a bent state. This allows the nasal spray device to be used upside down when the amount of mixed solution decreases, ensuring that no solution is wasted.

[0016] Furthermore, the nasal spray of the present invention may be configured to include a nasal spraying device (2A, 2B) having the above configuration, and a first liquid and a second liquid contained in the nasal spraying device (2A, 2B), wherein the first liquid is physiological saline (S) and the second liquid is stem cell supernatant (K). This allows for the easy preparation of a mixture that is said to have high cosmetic effects and to be ingested through the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity. [Effects of the Invention]

[0017] According to the present invention, the structure can be simplified by eliminating the pump mechanism, and it can be easily used with one hand, thus expanding its use in the beauty industry. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0018] [Figure 1] This is a front view of a nasal spray device in use according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] Figure 1 is an exploded view showing a cross-sectional view of the nasal spray device. [Figure 3] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view along the line X1-X1. [Figure 4] Figure 1 shows the shape of the main parts of the nasal spray device, with (a) being a bottom view of the first container and (b) being a top view of the second container. [Figure 5] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view along the line X2-X2. [Figure 6] It is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state in which the first container part and the second container part of the nose-dropping device shown in FIG. 1 communicate with each other. [Figure 7] It is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a method of use when the mixed liquid in the nose-dropping device shown in FIG. 1 decreases. [Figure 8] It is an exploded view of a cross-sectional view of the nose-dropping device according to the second embodiment. [Figure 9] It is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an integral configuration before use of the container body in the nose-dropping device shown in FIG. 8. [Figure 10] It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a state in which the container body is turned upside down from the state shown in FIG. 9 and the second container part is removed and replaced with an auxiliary plug. [Figure 11] It is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state of use of the nose-dropping device shown in FIG. 8. [Figure 12] It is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a method of use when the mixed liquid in the nose-dropping device shown in FIG. 8 decreases. [Figure 13] It is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the nozzle part. [Figure 14] It is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another modified example of the nozzle part. [Figure 15] It is a schematic cross-sectional view showing still another modified example of the nozzle part.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0019] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] [First Embodiment] As shown in Figure 1, the nasal spray device 2A according to this embodiment is made of a flexible synthetic resin and comprises a container body 4 in which the nasal spray and liquid (described later) are contained separately, a nozzle part 6 fitted and fixed to the opening side of the container body 4, and a mixing mechanism (described later) for mixing the nasal spray and liquid by a predetermined operation. The container body 4 comprises a first container part 8 located on the upper side of the figure and a second container part 10 located on the lower side. The first container part 8 is defined as a first chamber for containing a first liquid (such as physiological saline solution S, described later), and the second container part 10 is defined as a second chamber for containing a second liquid (such as stem cell supernatant K, described later). Furthermore, "flexibility" as used here refers to the degree to which it can be easily deformed by pinching it with your fingers and can return to its original shape due to its elasticity.

[0021] As shown in Figure 2, the first container section 8 has an opening 8a, and the bottom surface 8b opposite the opening 8a has a through hole 8c. The bottom surface 8b is connected to a receiving recess 8d for tightly accommodating the second container section 10. A male screw 8e is formed on the outer surface of the opening 8a, into which the nozzle section 6 is fitted. One end (upper end) 10a of the second container section 10 has a through hole 10b similar to the through hole 8c, and the stem cell supernatant K, which is used as a nasal spray, is contained therein and sealed by the second sealing member 12 to prevent deterioration over time. As shown in Figure 3, the first container section 8 has an elliptical cross-section, and the pressure inside the first container section 8 can be easily increased by pinching and pressing both sides with fingers. The same applies to the second container section 10.

[0022] Figure 4(a) shows the bottom surface of the first container section 8, and Figure 4(b) shows the top surface of the second container section 10. As shown in Figure 2, when the upper end of the second container section 10, which contains the stem cell supernatant K, is closely fitted into the receiving recess 8d of the first container section 8 and bonded to the flange-shaped bottom surface 8b, the bottom surface 8b of the first container section 8 is sealed by the second container section 10. That is, one end (upper end) of the second container section 10 is joined to the side of the first container section 8 that has the through hole 8c. As a result, the first container section 8 and the second container section 10 are completely separated. In this state, physiological saline solution S as the first liquid agent is placed in the first container section 8, and then the upper end of the opening 8a is sealed with the first sealing member 14. Aluminum foil or the like can be used as the first sealing member 14 and the second sealing member 12.

[0023] As shown in Figure 2, the nozzle portion 6 has a cylindrical fitting portion 16 with a closed top surface and a nozzle body 18 with a plurality of small holes 18a at its tip. The nozzle body 18 is made of a flexible material and has a structure that can maintain a bent state (described later). A plurality of small holes 16a communicating with the nozzle body 18 are formed on the top surface of the fitting portion 16, and a female screw 16b that screws onto the male screw 8e of the opening 8a of the first container portion 8 is formed on its inner circumference. The nozzle portion 6 is provided with a mixing mechanism 20 that mixes stem cell supernatant K and physiological saline S to produce a mixed solution by fitting the nozzle portion 6 to the opening 8a of the container body 4 (a predetermined operation).

[0024] The mixing mechanism 20 includes a screw cylinder 22 integrally formed in the central part of the upper surface of the fitting portion 16, and a piercing member 24 fixed to the nozzle portion 6 that pierces the first sealing member 14 and the second sealing member 12 as the nozzle portion 6 engages. The piercing member 24 has a rod 26 and a piercing arrow 28 formed at the lower end of the rod 26. A male screw 26a for fixing to the screw cylinder 22 is formed at the upper end of the rod 26, and the piercing arrow 28 has a configuration in which multiple (four in this case) isosceles triangular sheet piles 28a are fixed radially so that their lower ends are pointed.

[0025] With the piercing member 24 fixed to the nozzle part 6, when the nozzle part 6 is fitted into the opening 8a of the first container part 8, as shown in Figure 6, the piercing arrow 28 of the piercing member 24 first pierces the first sealing member 14, connecting the first container part 8 and the nozzle part 6, and then pierces the second sealing member 12. As the second sealing member 12 is pierced, the first container part 8 and the second container part 10 are connected, and the physiological saline S and stem cell supernatant K become mixable. With the nozzle part 6 fitted into the opening 8a, the length of the rod 26 is set so that the piercing arrow 28 stops midway through the thickness direction of the second sealing member 12. In the state shown in Figure 6, shaking the container body 4 up and down, pinching the first container part 8 and / or the second container part 10, or turning the container body 4 upside down promotes mixing and forms a mixed liquid M.

[0026] The thrusting arrow 28 is not limited to the shape described above; for example, it may be a cylindrical shape with a pointed lower end and multiple liquid-passing holes formed inside the cylinder that penetrate vertically.

[0027] In the posture shown in Figure 6, the tip of the nozzle body 18 is inserted into or brought close to the nostril, and the first container section 8 or the second container section 10 is pinched with the fingers to increase the internal pressure. This causes the mixed liquid M to rise and be discharged from the tip of the nozzle body 18 in a mist or droplet form, and administered to the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity. In this embodiment, the material deformability of the container body 4 is used to replace part of the pump function. This allows the mixed liquid M to be easily administered to the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity with one hand, like eye drops, and significantly improves usability compared to conventional nasal droppers. Furthermore, since the stem cell supernatant K is opened immediately before use and mixed with physiological saline S, deterioration over time and loss of function of cytokines, etc., can be avoided, and the reduction of cosmetic effects can be effectively suppressed.

[0028] Because it lacks a pump mechanism, i.e., a suction function, when the amount of the mixed solution M decreases, it cannot be pushed out by pinching the first container section 8 or the second container section 10 alone. To solve this problem, flexibility is provided to the nozzle body 18 as described above. When the amount of mixed solution M decreases, as shown in Figure 7, the nozzle body 18 is bent and the nasal spray device 2A is used upside down. In this way, administration can still be done with one hand, and all of the mixed solution M can be used up. By appropriately adjusting the bending angle of the nozzle body 18, the nozzle body 18 can be inserted into or brought close to the nostril without hindrance, without the container body 4 side coming into contact with the face. A bellows configuration may be adopted for the bending structure of the nozzle body 18.

[0029] [Second Embodiment] The second embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 8 to 12. Parts identical to or considered identical to those in the first embodiment are indicated by the same reference numerals, and descriptions of the configuration and function already given will be omitted as appropriate.

[0030] As shown in Figure 8, the nasal spray device 2B according to this embodiment comprises a container body 30 made of a flexible synthetic resin, which contains a first liquid and a second liquid in a separated state; a nozzle portion 32 fitted and fixed to the opening side of the container body 30; and a mixing mechanism 34 that mixes the first liquid and the second liquid to produce a mixed solution by a predetermined operation. Figure 8 shows the state before the container body 30 is unitized.

[0031] The container body 30 comprises a first container section 36 having an opening 36a and a through hole 36c as a screw hole in the thick-walled bottom surface 36b opposite the opening 36a, and a second container section 38 having an opening at one end and joined to the side of the first container section 36 having the through hole 36c. A male screw 36d is formed on the outer surface of the opening 36a into which the nozzle section 32 is fitted. An opening 38a is formed at one end of the second container section 38, and a male screw 38b is formed on the outer surface of the opening 38a that screws into the through hole 36c. By screwing the opening 38a into the through hole 36c, the second container section 38 is joined to the first container section 36 in an airtight manner. The second container section 38 contains stem cell supernatant K as a second liquid agent through the opening 38a, and one end is sealed with a second sealing member 40.

[0032] By joining (screwing) the second container section 38, whose upper end of opening 38a is sealed with the second sealing member 40, to the first container section 36, the first container section 36 and the second container section 38 become completely separated. In this state, physiological saline solution S, which is the first liquid agent, is placed in the first container section 36, and then the upper end of opening 36a is sealed with the first sealing member 42. Aluminum foil or the like can be used as the first sealing member 42 and the second sealing member 40.

[0033] A cylindrical projection 44 is provided at the center of the upper end of the fitting portion 16 of the nozzle portion 32, which pierces the first sealing member 42 during the fitting operation. The projection 44 has a shape in which the lower end is cut at an angle, and its inner hole 44a communicates with the nozzle body 18. In this embodiment, no small hole 16a is formed on the upper surface of the fitting portion 16.

[0034] The mixing mechanism 34 has a configuration in which the second sealing member 40 is peeled off or destroyed by the increase in internal pressure caused by pressing the second container section 38, thereby connecting the first container section 36 and the second container section 38. That is, the mixing mechanism 34 comprises a second container section 38 that can be pinched and deformed, and a second sealing member 40. When the second sealing member 40 is peeled off or destroyed, as shown in Figure 9, the stem cell supernatant K contained in the second container section 38 flows into the first container section 36 and is mixed with the physiological saline solution S contained in the first container section 36. After that, as shown in Figure 10, the container body 30 is turned upside down to remove the second container section 38, and the auxiliary stopper 46 is screwed into the through hole 36c to seal it. Of course, the second container section 38 can be left in place, but replacing it with the auxiliary stopper 46 makes the subsequent usage shape less bulky and more compact.

[0035] As shown in Figure 11, when the nozzle part 32 is fitted (screwed) into the opening 36a of the first container part 36 containing the mixed liquid M, the projection 44 pierces the first sealing member 42 as the fitting operation occurs, and the first container part 36 and the nozzle part 32 communicate with each other. In the position shown in Figure 11, the tip of the nozzle body 18 is inserted into the nostril, and the first container part 36 is pinched with the fingers to increase the internal pressure, causing the mixed liquid M to rise and be discharged from the tip of the nozzle body 18, and administered to the mucous membrane in the nasal cavity. When the amount of mixed liquid M decreases, as shown in Figure 12, the nozzle body 18 is bent and the nasal spray device 2B is used upside down, similar to the first embodiment. In this embodiment, the second container part 38 is pinched to peel or destroy the second sealing member 40, but the first container part 36 may be pinched to peel or destroy the second sealing member 40. In this case, the adhesive strength of the first sealing member 42 is set to be greater than the adhesive strength of the second sealing member 40.

[0036] Figure 13 shows a modified example of the nozzle section 32. The tip of the nozzle body 18A of the nozzle section 32 has a bifurcated structure corresponding to both nostrils. That is, the tip of the nozzle body 18A is separated into two branches, 18b and 18c, and pores 18a are formed in each of the tip branches 18b and 18c. In this way, the mixed liquid M can be administered to the mucous membranes of both nasal cavities simultaneously, thereby increasing the efficiency of use. The same can be implemented in the nozzle section 6 of the first embodiment. Alternatively, both bifurcated and single-structure nozzle sections 32 may be provided and configured to be selectively interchangeable.

[0037] Figure 14 shows another modification of the nozzle section 32. The nozzle body 18B of the nozzle section 32 is configured to discharge the mixed liquid M in a direction intersecting (perpendicular to) the extension direction of the nozzle. That is, the pores 18a are formed on both sides rather than at the tip. In this way, the mixed liquid M can be effectively administered to the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity from the entrance of the nostril. The same can be implemented in the nozzle section 6 of the first embodiment. In this example as well, both a tip-discharging type and a side-discharging type nozzle section 32 may be provided and configured to be selectively interchangeable.

[0038] Figure 15 shows yet another modification of the nozzle section 32. The tip of the nozzle body 18B of the nozzle section 32 can be spherical, as shown in Figure 15, and multiple pores 18a can be provided radially in the upper half of the tip. If the nozzle body 18B in the configuration shown in Figure 15 is used, the tip of the nozzle body 18B (the spherical part) can be positioned directly below the entrance to the nasal cavity, and when the mixed liquid M is discharged in this state, the mixed liquid M discharged upward from the multiple pores 18a will be administered to the mucous membrane in the nasal cavity. This makes it possible to administer the mixed liquid M to the mucous membrane in the nasal cavity without inserting the tip of the nozzle body 18B into the nasal cavity.

[0039] As described above, in each embodiment, the deformation function of the container body, which is made of a flexible synthetic resin, is used to replace part of the pump function. This simplifies the structure and, consequently, reduces manufacturing costs. Furthermore, it can be easily used with one hand, similar to eye drops, improving usability. This can contribute to expanding its use in the beauty industry.

[0040] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the claims, specification, and drawings. For example, although the above embodiments illustrate a two-liquid mixture configuration in which two types of liquid agents are mixed, a configuration in which three or more types of liquid agents (liquids) are mixed is also possible.

[0041] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the first liquid agent contained in the first chamber of the first container section 8 is physiological saline S, and the second liquid agent contained in the second chamber of the second container section 10 is stem cell supernatant K. However, the first and second liquid agents are not limited to these and may be other liquid agents. That is, the mixed solution administered to the mucous membrane such as the nasal cavity by the point-based beauty device of the present invention, and the liquid agents before mixing, may be cosmetics, serums, or other medicinal solutions.

[0042] Furthermore, in the first embodiment, the second container section 10 may be configured to contain a powdered agent. In that case, the mixing mechanism 20 can mix the powdered agent in the second container section 10 with the liquid agent in the first container section 8 so that it dissolves in the liquid agent. Also, although the nasal mucosa was the target of administration in the above embodiments, the ear canal or the like may also be the target of administration. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0043] 2A, 2B Nasal drop device 4. 30 Container body 6, 32 Nozzle section 8.36 First container section (first chamber) 8a, 36a opening 8c, 36c through hole 10, 38 Second container section (second chamber) 12, 40 Second sealing member 14, 42 First sealing member 20, 34 Mixing mechanism 24 Piercing member 44 Protrusion K Stem cell supernatant (second solution) as a nasal spray S. Physiological saline solution (first solution)

Claims

1. A container body made of a flexible synthetic resin, capable of containing a first liquid agent and a second liquid agent of different types, separated into a first chamber and a second chamber, respectively. A mixing mechanism that mixes the first liquid agent in the first chamber and the second liquid agent in the second chamber to produce a mixed liquid by a predetermined operation, A nasal spray device characterized by comprising a nozzle portion that is fitted and fixed to the opening side of the container body and sprays the mixed liquid produced by the mixing mechanism.

2. The container body comprises a first container portion having the opening and a through hole on the opposite side of the opening, and a second container portion having an opening at one end and the one end being joined to the side of the first container portion having the through hole. The first chamber is defined within the first container section, and the second chamber is defined within the second container section. The aforementioned opening is sealed with the first sealing member. The one end of the second container portion is sealed with the second sealing member. The nasal spray device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixing mechanism is fixed to the nozzle portion and includes a piercing member that penetrates the first sealing member and the second sealing member in conjunction with the fitting operation of the nozzle portion.

3. The container body comprises a first container portion having the opening and a through hole on the opposite side of the opening, and a second container portion having an opening at one end and the one end being joined to the side of the first container portion having the through hole. The first chamber is defined within the first container section, and the second chamber is defined within the second container section. The aforementioned opening is sealed with the first sealing member. The one end of the second container portion is sealed with the second sealing member. The nozzle portion is provided with a projection that pierces the first sealing member during the fitting operation. The nasal spray device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixing mechanism has a configuration in which the second sealing member is peeled off by an increase in internal pressure caused by pressing either the first container portion or the second container portion, thereby allowing the first container portion and the second container portion to communicate.

4. The nasal spray device according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle portion has a bifurcated structure corresponding to both nostrils.

5. The nasal spray device according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle portion has a configuration that discharges the mixed liquid in a direction intersecting the extension direction of the nozzle.

6. The nasal spray device according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle portion is bendable and has a configuration that allows it to maintain a bent state.

7. A nasal spray comprising a nasal spray device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the first liquid agent and the second liquid agent contained in the nasal spray device, A nasal spray characterized in that the first liquid is physiological saline and the second liquid is stem cell supernatant.

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