Bridge girder end water stopper
The bridge girder end water stop device with vertical and horizontal plates and a waterproofing sheet addresses water leakage in bridge expansion devices, ensuring long-term functionality and minimizing concrete damage during maintenance.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing bridge expansion devices suffer from water leakage due to accumulation of sand or debris, leading to frequent replacement of the entire system despite the expansion device functioning properly, and conventional replacement methods cause concrete damage and defects.
A bridge girder end water stop device comprising vertical and horizontal plates with a waterproofing sheet, reinforced by dustproof materials and recesses, which prevents water ingress and minimizes concrete demolition during replacements.
The device maintains the water stop function of bridge expansion joints, extends their replacement cycle, and reduces concrete damage during maintenance, allowing quick and efficient replacements without formwork.
Smart Images
Figure 2026052234000001_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a bridge girder end water stop device installed below a bridge expansion device.
Background Art
[0002] In bridges, in order to accommodate the expansion and contraction of the bridge itself caused by temperature changes, a gap called a clearance is provided, and an expansion device is installed in the clearance to ensure comfortable driving of vehicles and the like. In recent years, in order to avoid damage to the girder end and around the bearing due to water leakage from the expansion device and its surroundings, a non-drainage structure has been adopted in which a secondary water stop material is installed below the expansion device so that water does not leak from the seat surface.
Summary of the Invention
Problems to be Solved by the Invention
[0003] However, if sand or the like that has entered the clearance accumulates and pressure is applied to the secondary water stop material, causing the secondary water stop material to break, although the expansion device itself has not lost its function, the water stop function is lacking, resulting in many reported cases where the entire expansion device has to be replaced in a short period of time.
[0004] The present invention has been developed to address such a situation, and aims to provide a bridge girder end water stop device that eliminates the conventional inconveniences and ensures the water stop function of the bridge expansion device.
Means for Solving the Problems
[0005] The bridge girder end watertight device installed below a bridge expansion joint provided in the gap of a bridge, as described in claim 1 of the present application, comprises: a first vertical plate installed on the concrete surface on one side of the gap below the bridge expansion joint, extending substantially over the entire width of the bridge expansion joint; a second vertical plate installed on the concrete surface on the other side of the gap, extending substantially over the entire width of the bridge expansion joint; a first horizontal plate positioned at or near the lower end of the first vertical plate, extending substantially horizontally toward the side where the second vertical plate is located; and a second horizontal plate positioned near the lower end of the second vertical plate, extending substantially horizontally toward the side where the first vertical plate is located, with its lower surface positioned a predetermined height above the height of the upper surface of the first horizontal plate. The protruding widths of the first horizontal plate and the second horizontal plate are selected so that they overlap when the bridge expansion joint is at its maximum extension, and do not collide with the opposing vertical plate when the bridge expansion joint is at its maximum contraction. The bridge expansion joint is further provided with a watertight sheet positioned above the first horizontal plate and the second horizontal plate, wherein the watertight sheet has a width greater than the gap when the bridge expansion joint is at its maximum extension.
[0006] The bridge girder end watertight device described in claim 2 of this application is characterized in that, in the device of claim 1, the upper edge of the tip of the second horizontal plate is chamfered.
[0007] The bridge girder end waterproofing device described in claim 3 of this application is characterized in that, in the device of claim 1, a dustproof material is arranged in the space between the first horizontal plate, the second horizontal plate and the waterproofing sheet.
[0008] The bridge girder end watertight device described in claim 4 of this application is characterized in that, in the device of claim 1, one or more recesses are provided on the contact surfaces of the first vertical plate and / or the second vertical plate with concrete.
[0009] The bridge girder end waterproofing device described in claim 5 of this application is characterized in that, in the device of claim 4, the recess is filled with a waterproofing material.
[0010] The bridge girder end watertight device described in claim 6 of the present application is characterized in that, in the device of claim 1, reinforcing plates extending toward the opposite side of the gap are attached to the upper ends of the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate, respectively, and tapered surfaces are provided that are inclined downward from the tip of the reinforcing plate toward the outer surface of the first vertical plate and from the tip of the reinforcing plate toward the outer surface of the second vertical plate. [Effects of the Invention]
[0011] According to the bridge girder end waterproofing device of the present invention, a waterproofing sheet is placed above and first and second transverse plates are placed below. This allows the first and second transverse plates located below to be kept in a dry environment, preventing corrosion of the metal material forming the first and second transverse plates, preventing damage to the waterproofing sheet, and facilitating cleaning from above. By adopting the bridge girder end waterproofing device of the present invention, it becomes unnecessary to provide secondary waterproofing material in bridge expansion joints, allowing bridge expansion joints to be provided at a low cost. Furthermore, when replacing bridge expansion joints, it is usually sufficient to clean the bridge girder end waterproofing device or replace only the waterproofing sheet.
[0012] Furthermore, when replacing bridge expansion joints, conventional methods involved demolition to a predetermined depth, which inevitably resulted in concrete chipping in the gap direction. During bridge expansion joint replacement, leak-stopping measures such as formwork and sponges were used before pouring the concrete, which sometimes resulted in cross-sectional defects or defects in unseen areas. In this invention, by providing a reinforcing plate to the bridge girder end waterproofing device, the concrete end is protected during bridge expansion joint replacement work, eliminating unnecessary concrete demolition and cross-sectional defects. The installation of formwork and leak-stopping sponges also becomes unnecessary, enabling the replacement of bridge expansion joints to be carried out quickly.
[0013] Furthermore, by providing recesses on the outer surfaces of the vertical plates and reinforcing plates, the adhesion to the concrete can be improved. Also, by filling the recesses with a waterproofing material, the waterproofing performance can be improved. By providing a taper to the vertical plates and reinforcing materials, the concrete filling performance is improved and air bubble accumulation is eliminated. In addition, by cutting the upper edge of the second horizontal plate, damage to the waterproofing sheet can be prevented.
[0014] Conventionally, even if the bridge expansion joint itself was sound, water leakage often necessitated the replacement of the entire system, including the bridge expansion joint itself. However, by adopting the bridge girder end water-stopping device of the present invention, the replacement cycle of the entire system can be extended. [Brief explanation of the drawing]
[0015] [Figure 1] This is a front view of a bridge girder end watertight device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] Figure 2(a) shows the bridge girder end waterproofing device when the bridge expansion joint is in its most extended state, and Figure 2(b) shows the bridge girder end waterproofing device when the bridge expansion joint is in its most contracted state. [Figure 3] This is a schematic perspective view of the first vertical plate as seen from the concrete surface side in the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] The cross-sectional view shows a modified form of the bridge girder end watertight device according to the first embodiment, where Figure 4(a) shows a form in which recesses are provided on the outer surfaces of the vertical plate and the reinforcing plate, Figure 4(b) is an enlarged view of part 4b of Figure 4(a) showing the state in which watertight material is placed in the recess, Figure 4(c) shows a modified form in which the vertical plate and the like are tapered, and Figure 4(d) is an enlarged view of part 4d of Figure 4(c) showing the state in which watertight material is placed in the recess. [Figure 5] This is a front view of a bridge girder end watertight device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] This is a schematic perspective view of the first vertical plate as seen from the concrete surface side in a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7]A series of diagrams exemplarily showing the construction procedure for a bridge girder end waterstop device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention
[0016] (First Embodiment) Next, referring to the drawings, the bridge girder end waterstop device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. The bridge girder end waterstop device according to the first embodiment is premised on being used exclusively in new construction work of bridge expansion joints.
[0017] FIG. 1 is a front view of the bridge girder end waterstop device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the bridge girder end waterstop device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, indicated as a whole by reference numeral 10, includes a first vertical plate 12 installed on the concrete surface on the abutment side (fixed side) below the bridge expansion joint (shown by a two-dot chain line), and a second vertical plate 14 installed on the concrete surface on the bridge girder side (moving side) below the bridge expansion joint.
[0018] The first vertical plate 12 is a horizontally long plate extending across the entire width in the transverse direction of the bridge (and thus the entire width of the bridge expansion joint). Similarly, the second vertical plate 14 is also a horizontally long plate extending across the entire width in the transverse direction of the bridge (and thus the entire width of the bridge expansion joint).
[0019] The first vertical plate 12 protects the concrete surface on the abutment side and serves to support the first horizontal plate 16 described later. The second vertical plate 14 protects the concrete surface on the bridge girder side and serves to support the second horizontal plate 18 described later.
[0020] The bridge girder end water stop device 10 also includes a first horizontal plate 16 disposed substantially horizontally extending toward the side (the free end side) where the second vertical plate 14 is located, at the lower end of the first vertical plate 12 or in its vicinity. The first horizontal plate 16 is a horizontally long plate having the same length as the first vertical plate 12 (the full width of the bridge expansion device). In FIG. 1, the first horizontal plate 16 is illustrated as being disposed slightly above the lower end 12a of the first vertical plate 12. This is because it shows the state where the first horizontal plate 16 is fixed to the first vertical plate 12 by fillet welding. For example, when the first vertical plate 12 and the first horizontal plate 16 are integrally formed, the lower surface of the first horizontal plate 16 may be located at the lower end of the first vertical plate 12.
[0021] The bridge girder end water stop device 10 further includes a second horizontal plate 18 disposed substantially horizontally extending toward the side (the free end side) where the first vertical plate 14 is located, near the lower end of the second vertical plate 14, and the lower surface 18a is located at a predetermined height h above the height of the upper surface 16a of the first horizontal plate 16. The second horizontal plate 18 is a horizontally long plate having the same length as the second vertical plate 14 (the full width of the bridge expansion device).
[0022] FIG. 2(a) is a view showing the state where the bridge expansion device is most extended, and FIG. 2(b) is a view showing the state where the bridge expansion device is most contracted. The protruding width W1 of the first horizontal plate 16 and the protruding width W2 of the second horizontal plate 18 have an overlapping portion with each other at the maximum extension of the bridge expansion device (FIG. 2(a)), and are selected so as not to collide with the opposing vertical plates (for the first horizontal plate 16, it is the second vertical plate 14; for the second horizontal plate 18, it is the first vertical plate 12) at the maximum contraction of the bridge expansion device (FIG. 2(b)).
[0023] The predetermined height h is preferably 5 mm to 10 mm, and most preferably 8 mm. Such a height is considered for the convenience of the jacking-up operation when changing the sole plate.
[0024] Preferably, the upper edge portion 18b at the tip of the second horizontal plate 18 is chamfered. This is to prevent the water stop sheet 20 described later from rubbing and wearing.
[0025] Although soil, water, and other materials enter and gradually accumulate through the gaps in the bridge expansion joints, the first transverse plate 16 and the second transverse plate 18 play a role in supporting the wheel load transmitted through the accumulated soil and other materials.
[0026] The bridge girder end waterproofing device 10 further includes a waterproofing sheet 20 positioned above the first transverse plate 16 and the second transverse plate 18. The waterproofing sheet 20 has a width greater than the distance between the opposing first longitudinal plate 12 and the second longitudinal plate 14 when the bridge expansion joint is at its maximum extension (Figure 2(a)). For example, a high-strength aramid sheet is used as the waterproofing sheet 20.
[0027] The waterproofing sheet 20 serves to stop water from entering through the bridge expansion joint located above it. Preferably, the waterproofing sheet 20 is long enough to be supported by the first horizontal plate 16 and the second horizontal plate 18 located below it, even if it sags due to the accumulation of sediment, etc. The waterproofing sheet 20 is installed above the first horizontal plate 16 and the second horizontal plate 18 in order to keep the first horizontal plate 16 and the second horizontal plate 18 in a dry environment, isolated from moisture. Furthermore, even if the waterproofing sheet 20 sags due to accumulated sediment, etc., it is supported by the first horizontal plate 16 and the second horizontal plate 18 located below it, as described above, so damage to the waterproofing sheet 20 is avoided.
[0028] The waterproof sheet 20 is fixed to the first horizontal plate 16 and the second horizontal plate 18 at a suitable location above them by the mounting fixture 22. Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view of the first vertical plate 12 as seen from the concrete surface side. The illustrated mounting fixture 22 is constructed by providing through holes at predetermined intervals across the entire width of the first vertical plate 12, approximately halfway from the top end to the bottom end (or above that), and welding and fixing tall nuts to the concrete surface side (opposite the gap) of each through hole. However, other mounting means may be used as long as they can fix the waterproof sheet 20 at a suitable location. Since the mounting fixture 22 protrudes from the concrete surface side of the first vertical plate 12, the mounting fixture 22 also serves as an anchor when installing the first vertical plate 12 on the concrete surface. The second vertical plate 14 is also fitted with mounting fixtures 22 in the same way as the first vertical plate 12.
[0029] Preferably, a dustproof material 24 is placed in the space between the first horizontal plate 16 and the second horizontal plate 18 and the waterproof sheet 20. In addition to its purpose of preventing dust, the dustproof material 24 also serves to prevent friction between the first horizontal plate 16 and the second horizontal plate 18 and the waterproof sheet 20. As the dustproof material 24, a suitable sponge or an elastic sealing material may be used.
[0030] A reinforcing plate 26 is fixed to the concrete surface side of the upper end of the first vertical plate 12, extending across its entire width in the transverse direction (see Figure 3). The reinforcing plate 26 serves to reinforce the first vertical plate 12 itself, and also protects the concrete from impact by heavy machinery (such as giant breakers) during concrete chipping work carried out when replacing bridge expansion joints in the future, thus eliminating the need for formwork on the gap side.
[0031] Similar to the case of the first vertical plate 12, a reinforcing plate 26 is fixed to the concrete surface side of the upper end of the second vertical plate 14, extending across its entire width in the transverse direction. The reinforcing plate 26 of the second vertical plate 14 serves the same purpose as the reinforcing plate 26 of the first vertical plate 14.
[0032] The first vertical plate 12, the second vertical plate 14, the first horizontal plate 16, the second horizontal plate 18, and the reinforcing plate 26 are formed from corrosion-resistant materials, such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy, or cast metal products. Although the first vertical plate 12, the second vertical plate 14, the first horizontal plate 16, the second horizontal plate 18, and the reinforcing plate 26 are shown as separate components, all or any of them may be formed as a single unit (for example, by aluminum extrusion).
[0033] Furthermore, it is preferable to apply a suitable material (for example, ToughConnect) to the contact surfaces between the concrete and the first vertical plate 12 and the second vertical plate 14 in order to improve the adhesion between the concrete and the metal material.
[0034] Figure 4 is a series of diagrams showing modified forms of the bridge girder end watertight device 10. Figure 4(a) In the configuration shown, one or more recesses 12a, 14a, and 26a are provided on the contact surfaces of the first vertical plate 12, the second vertical plate 14, and the reinforcing plate 26 with the concrete in order to improve adhesion with the concrete. Note that the positions of the recesses shown in Figure 4(a) are illustrative, and recesses may be provided at other locations on the contact surface with the concrete. Figure 4(b) is an enlarged view showing a configuration in which a water-sealing material 28 (for example, butyl-based water-swellable tape) is placed in the recess 12a to improve water-sealing properties. Note that although Figure 4(b) shows a configuration in which the water-sealing material 28 is placed in the recess 12a, the water-sealing material 28 may be placed in other recesses.
[0035] In the configuration shown in Figure 4(c), the lower surface of the reinforcing plate 26 tapers downward toward the vertical plates 12 and 14, and the outer surface of the lower end of the vertical plates 12 and 14 (the surface that contacts the concrete) is rounded. This is expected to ensure that the concrete fills well when pouring concrete to the outside of the vertical plates 12 and 14, and that air bubbles can escape more easily. The configuration shown in Figure 4(c) is particularly useful when manufactured by aluminum extrusion or casting. In the configuration of Figure 4(c), recesses 12a, 14a, and 26a may be provided. Also, as in the case of Figure 4(b), water-stopping material 28 may be placed in the recesses 12a, 14a, and 26a (Figure 4(d)).
[0036] (Second embodiment) Next, a bridge girder end waterproofing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The bridge girder end waterproofing device according to the second embodiment is intended for use in repair work on bridge expansion joints. However, it can also be used in the construction of new bridge expansion joints.
[0037] The bridge girder end watertight device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, shown collectively as reference numeral 30 in Figure 5, comprises a first vertical plate 32 installed on the concrete surface on the abutment side (fixed side) below the bridge expansion joint, a second vertical plate 34 installed on the concrete surface on the girder side (movable side) below the bridge expansion joint, a first horizontal plate 36 positioned at or near the lower end of the first vertical plate 32 so as to extend substantially horizontally toward the side where the second vertical plate 34 is located, and the first vertical plate near the lower end of the second vertical plate 34 The bridge girder end waterproofing device 10 according to the first embodiment has substantially the same configuration as the bridge girder end waterproofing device 10 according to the first embodiment, in that it comprises a second horizontal plate 38 which extends substantially horizontally toward the side where 34 is located and whose lower surface 38a is located at a predetermined height h above the height of the upper surface 36a of the first horizontal plate 36, a waterproofing sheet 40 which is located above the first horizontal plate 36 and the second horizontal plate 38, and a dustproof material 44 which is located in the space between the first horizontal plate 36 and the second horizontal plate 38 and the waterproofing sheet 40.
[0038] The bridge girder end waterproofing device 30 differs from the bridge girder end waterproofing device 10 in its method of attaching the waterproofing sheet 40 and the overall installation method of the bridge girder end waterproofing device 30. Specifically, the waterproofing sheet 40 is bolted to a mounting plate 42 provided on the inside of the first vertical plate 32 and the second vertical plate 34. This is because the mounting plate 42 is provided on the inside (play side) of the first vertical plate 32 and the second vertical plate 34 in order to minimize the amount of concrete chipping required when replacing the device in the future.
[0039] Furthermore, the bridge girder end watertight device 30 is installed at a predetermined location by inserting anchor bolts 48a into through holes in mounting plates 48 that are fixed to the reinforcing plates 46 (described later) at predetermined intervals.
[0040] Figure 6 is a schematic perspective view of the first vertical plate 32 as seen from the concrete surface side. Similar to the bridge girder end waterproofing device 10, a reinforcing plate 46 is fixed to the concrete surface side of the upper end of the first vertical plate 32, extending across its entire transverse width. The reinforcing plate 46 serves to reinforce the first vertical plate 32 itself, as well as fixing the mounting plate 48 and protecting the concrete from impact by heavy machinery (such as giant breakers) during concrete chipping work carried out when replacing bridge expansion joints in the future, thus eliminating the need for formwork on the gap side.
[0041] Figure 7 shows an example of the installation work for a bridge girder end waterproofing device 30. The bridge expansion joint to be replaced is removed. At this time, a portion of the existing concrete is also chipped away (Figure 7(a)). Next, the bridge girder end waterproofing device 30 is fixed to the installation site with anchor bolts 48a (Figure 7(b)). Then, the new bridge expansion joint is installed above the bridge girder end waterproofing device 30 (Figure 7(c)), and concrete is poured around the bridge girder end waterproofing device 30 and the bridge expansion joint (Figure 7(d)). Finally, pavement is laid around the bridge expansion joint (Figure 7(e)), and the bridge expansion joint replacement work is completed.
[0042] In addition, in the bridge girder end waterproofing device 30, similar to the bridge girder end waterproofing device 10, recesses may be provided on the contact surfaces of the first vertical plate 32, the second vertical plate 34, and the reinforcing plate 46 with the concrete, and waterproofing material may be placed in the recesses. Also, similar to the bridge girder end waterproofing device 10, tapers may be provided or rounded at required locations on the reinforcing plate 46, etc. Furthermore, the forming materials of each component part of the bridge girder end waterproofing device 30 are the same as those of the bridge girder end waterproofing device 10.
[0043] Furthermore, although the bridge girder end waterproofing device 30 is described in relation to repair work, the bridge girder end waterproofing device 30 may also be used in new construction work.
[0044] The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and it goes without saying that various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention as described in the claims, and these modifications are also included within the scope of the present invention.
[0045] For example, in the above embodiment, the first vertical plates 12 and 32 are described as being installed on the abutment side (fixed side) and the second vertical plates 14 and 34 are described as being installed on the girder side (movable side). However, in a continuous span bridge, the first vertical plates 12 and 32 and the second vertical plates 14 and 34 may be installed on either side.
[0046] Furthermore, the dimensions and other details of each component of the bridge girder end watertight devices 10 and 30 shown in the illustration are merely illustrative and are not limited to those shown.
[0047] Furthermore, the bridge expansion joint configurations shown in Figures 1 and 5 are illustrative examples, and other configurations of bridge expansion joints may be used. [Explanation of Symbols]
[0048] 10. Bridge girder end water stopper (first embodiment) 12. First vertical board 12a Recess 14. Second vertical board 14a Recess 16 1st horizontal plate 16a Top side 18 Second horizontal plate 18a Bottom side 18b Top edge with corner cut 20 Waterproof sheet 22 Mounting hardware 24 Dustproof material 26 Reinforcement plate 26a Recess 28 Waterproofing material 30. Bridge girder end water stopper (second embodiment) 32. First vertical board 34. Second vertical board 36 1st horizontal plate 38 Second horizontal plate 40 Waterproof sheet 42 Mounting plate 44 Dustproof material 46 Reinforcement plate 48 Mounting plate 48a Anchor bolt
Claims
1. A bridge girder end watertight device installed below a bridge expansion joint located in the gap between bridges, A first vertical plate is installed on the concrete surface on one side of the gap below the bridge expansion joint, extending substantially across the entire width of the bridge expansion joint. A second longitudinal plate is installed on the concrete surface on the other side of the aforementioned gap, extending substantially across the entire width of the bridge expansion joint, A first horizontal plate is positioned at or near the lower end of the first vertical plate so as to extend substantially horizontally toward the side where the second vertical plate is located, The second horizontal plate is positioned near the lower end of the second vertical plate, extending substantially horizontally toward the side where the first vertical plate is located, and having its lower surface positioned a predetermined height above the height of the upper surface of the first horizontal plate. The protruding widths of the first horizontal plate and the second horizontal plate are selected so that they overlap when the bridge expansion joint is at its maximum extension, and do not collide with the opposing vertical plates when the bridge expansion joint is at its maximum contraction. The bridge expansion joint further comprises a waterproof sheet positioned above the first and second horizontal plates, wherein the waterproof sheet has a width greater than the gap when the bridge expansion joint is at its maximum extension. A bridge girder end watertight device characterized by the following features.
2. The bridge girder end water stopper according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper edge of the tip of the second horizontal plate is beveled.
3. The bridge girder end watertight device according to claim 1, characterized in that a dustproof material is placed in the space between the first horizontal plate, the second horizontal plate and the watertight sheet.
4. The bridge girder end water stopper according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more recesses are provided on the contact surface of the first vertical plate and / or the second vertical plate with concrete.
5. The bridge girder end waterproofing device according to claim 4, characterized in that a waterproofing material is filled into the recess.
6. The bridge girder end watertight device according to claim 1, characterized in that reinforcing plates extending to the opposite side of the gap are attached to the upper ends of the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate, and tapered surfaces are provided that are inclined downward from the tip of the reinforcing plate toward the outer surface of the first vertical plate and from the tip of the reinforcing plate toward the outer surface of the second vertical plate.