Copy grinding machine

Abstract

It can grind workpieces with high precision. [Solution] The projector includes a work support mechanism for supporting a workpiece, a grinding wheel support mechanism for supporting a grinding wheel for grinding the workpiece, a light source for irradiating the workpiece with light, and a projection screen that displays the shadows of the grinding wheel and the workpiece. The grinding wheel support mechanism includes a pivot shaft portion configured to be rotatable about a direction along the projection direction of the light source, and a grinding wheel support portion that supports the grinding wheel so that the grinding wheel is positioned vertically below the pivot shaft portion. The projector is configured to support the grinding wheel so that the pivot center of the grinding wheel and the tip of the grinding wheel on the workpiece side are located within the projection range displayed on the projection screen.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a copying grinding machine.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, there is a copying grinding machine having a base part, a work unit provided on one side of the base part and having a work table for gripping a work, and a grindstone unit provided on the other side of the base part and having a grindstone rotation mechanism for holding a grindstone and rotating it around its axis (for example, Patent Document 1).

[0003] The work unit supports the work table and includes first to third moving means that move in the X direction and Y direction that intersect each other in the horizontal plane and in the Z direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane without rotating the work table. The grindstone unit is provided with a turning mechanism, and is configured to align the center position of the tip of the grindstone with the rotation center axis of the turning mechanism and turn the grindstone around the rotation center axis of the turning mechanism.

[0004] In addition, the copying grinding machine described in Patent Document has an imaging mechanism provided above the base part and including a camera that images the work unit and the grindstone unit from above, and a camera illuminator arranged to face the camera on the base part side. The copying grinding machine having such a configuration can perform grinding of a work with high precision.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] The contour grinding machine described in Patent Document 1 is a form grinding machine that grinds without rotating the workpiece itself. However, in recent years, there has been a growing need for high-precision grinding in cylindrical grinding machines that rotate cylindrical workpieces to grind the outer surface of the workpiece.

[0007] However, there are no cylindrical grinding machines that are equipped with an imaging mechanism or the like and capable of contour grinding, and there are the following problems when mounting a cylindrical grinding device on a conventional contour grinding machine. First, if the grinding wheel rotation mechanism is located below the grinding wheel (on the base side), as in the contour grinding machine described in Patent Document 1, there is a risk that the grinding wheel rotation mechanism will interfere with the work unit or the base when the grinding wheel is rotated.

[0008] Furthermore, attempting to avoid the above issues would lead to larger copy grinding machines, resulting in increased installation space, worsening work efficiency, and higher costs.

[0009] One aspect of the present invention is a contour grinding machine capable of grinding a workpiece with high precision. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] A tracing grinding machine according to one aspect of the present invention comprises a work support mechanism for supporting a workpiece, a grinding wheel support mechanism for supporting a grinding wheel for grinding the workpiece, a light source for irradiating the workpiece with light, and a projector including a projection screen that displays the shadows of the grinding wheel and the workpiece. The grinding wheel support mechanism includes a pivot shaft portion configured to be rotatable about a direction along the projection direction of the light source, and a grinding wheel support portion that supports the grinding wheel so that the grinding wheel is positioned vertically below the pivot shaft portion. The grinding wheel is supported such that the pivot center of the grinding wheel and the tip of the grinding wheel on the workpiece side are located within the projection range displayed on the projection screen.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present invention, the grinding wheel is supported such that the rotation center of the grinding wheel and the workpiece-side tip of the grinding wheel are located within the projection range displayed on the projection screen. Therefore, even when the grinding wheel is rotated, the workpiece-side tip of the grinding wheel does not move out of the projection range and can always be checked, enabling high-precision grinding of the workpiece. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to one aspect of the present invention, a contour grinding machine can grind a workpiece with high precision. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0013] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing a contour grinding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] Figure 2 is a side view showing the contour grinding machine of this embodiment. [Figure 3] Figure 3 is a plan view showing the workpiece support mechanism of this embodiment. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is a plan view showing the workpiece support mechanism of this embodiment supporting a workpiece. [Figure 5] Figure 5 is an enlarged view showing a portion of the table in this embodiment. [Figure 6] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing the optical configuration of the projector in this embodiment. [Figure 7] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the workpiece support mechanism and light source of this embodiment. [Figure 8] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing the shooting range of this embodiment. [Figure 9] Figure 9 shows the rotation range of the grinding wheel in this embodiment. [Figure 10] Figure 10 shows the forward and backward movement of the grinding wheel in this embodiment. [Figure 11] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram showing the grinding wheel support mechanism of this embodiment. [Figure 12] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram showing the pivot shaft and grinding wheel support portion of this embodiment. [Figure 13]FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the grindstone support mechanism of the present embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing the pivot shaft portion and the grindstone support portion of the present embodiment. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a side view showing the linear motion mechanism of the present embodiment. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a view showing the forward and backward movement of the grindstone support portion and the grindstone of the present embodiment. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a view showing the rotation of the grindstone in a state where the rotation center of the grindstone and the tip on the workpiece side are separated in the present embodiment.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0014] Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the following embodiments do not limit the invention according to each claim, and not all combinations of features described in the embodiments are essential for the solution means of the invention.

[0015] [Overall Configuration of the Copy Grinding Machine According to the Present Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a copy grinding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view showing the copy grinding machine of the present embodiment. First, referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the copy grinding machine 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be outlined. The copy grinding machine 1 according to the present embodiment generally includes, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a workpiece support mechanism 10 that supports a workpiece W, a grindstone support mechanism 100 that supports a grindstone 80 for grinding the workpiece W, and a projector 50. The copy grinding machine 1 also includes a mounting table 2 on which the workpiece support mechanism 10 and the grindstone support mechanism 100 are mounted.

[0016] The workpiece support mechanism 10 includes a table 12 and a workpiece support portion 14. Further, the workpiece support mechanism 10 includes a moving mechanism (not shown) that moves the table 12 in the longitudinal direction (in the X-axis direction in the present embodiment) and the lateral direction (in the Y-axis direction in the present embodiment) of the table 12, respectively. The table 12 is provided on the mounting table 2.

[0017] Figure 3 is a plan view showing the workpiece support mechanism of this embodiment. The workpiece support section 14 is mounted on the table 12 and is configured to support a cylindrical workpiece W. Specifically, as shown in Figure 3, the workpiece support section 14 includes a headstock 16 that rotatably supports one end of the cylindrical workpiece W and a tailstock 18 that rotatably supports the other end of the cylindrical workpiece W. In other words, the contour grinding machine 1 according to this embodiment functions as a cylindrical grinding machine.

[0018] Figure 4 is a plan view showing the workpiece support mechanism of this embodiment supporting a workpiece. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4, the workpiece support section 14 supports the workpiece W such that the grinding portion of the workpiece W is located on the grinding wheel 80 side of the edge 12a of the table 12. In this embodiment, "the grinding portion of the workpiece W is located on the grinding wheel 80 side of the edge 12a of the table 12" means that in a direction perpendicular to and horizontal to the opposing direction of the headstock 16 and tailstock 18 (the X-axis direction in this embodiment) (the Y-axis direction in this embodiment), the workpiece W protrudes further back from the edge 12a of the table 12 towards the projector 50 side of the tracing grinding machine 1.

[0019] Figure 5 is an enlarged view showing a portion of the table in this embodiment. As shown in Figures 3 and 5, the workpiece support unit 14, which is placed on the table 12, is configured to move in accordance with the movement of the table 12 on the mounting base 2 in the X-axis and Y-axis directions by the movement mechanism of the workpiece support mechanism 10. In other words, the workpiece support unit 14 is configured to be able to position the workpiece W in the X-axis and Y-axis directions.

[0020] For example, if you want to grind the tailstock 18 side of the workpiece W, you can move the table 12 in the X-axis direction so that the tailstock 18 is closer to the grinding wheel 80 and the light source 52 of the projector 50 (described later), as shown in Figure 4. If you want to grind the spindle head 16 side of the workpiece W, you can move the table 12 in the X-axis direction so that the spindle head 16 is closer, as shown in Figure 5.

[0021] In Figures 3 and 4, the workpiece W is supported at a distance from the grinding wheel 80 and light source 52 for clarity, but this is not the only option. As shown in Figure 5, the workpiece support mechanism 10 can be positioned in the Y-axis direction by its movement mechanism, allowing it to be brought closer to the light source 52.

[0022] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing the optical configuration of the projector in this embodiment. As shown in Figure 6, the projector 50 includes a light source 52 that irradiates light onto the workpiece W, and a projection screen 55 that displays the shadows of the grinding wheel 80 and the workpiece W. In this embodiment, the projector 50 has a camera 56. The projector 50 also has a display unit 54 that displays the projection screen 55.

[0023] In this embodiment, the projector 50 has two cameras 56. Specifically, the projector 50 has a low-magnification camera mechanism 60 that captures projected images of the grinding wheel 80 and workpiece W generated by irradiation from the light source 52, a beam splitter 57 provided on the optical path of the projected image, and a high-magnification camera mechanism 70 that captures the projected images (shadows) of the grinding wheel 80 and workpiece W separated by the beam splitter 57 in a narrower range than the low-magnification camera mechanism 60 and at a higher magnification than the low-magnification camera mechanism 60.

[0024] Furthermore, the projector 50 includes a relay lens 58 and a reflector 59 between the workpiece W and the beam splitter 57, which transmit the projected image (shadow) of the grinding wheel 80 and workpiece W, generated by irradiation from the light source 52, to the beam splitter 57. In addition, the projector 50 may be provided with various lenses (condenser lens group) or dustproof glass, etc., between the light source 52 and the grinding wheel 80 and workpiece W, as needed. The relay lens 58 may be a lens group consisting of multiple lenses.

[0025] In this embodiment, the projector 50 further includes a housing 51, as shown in Figure 1. The housing 51 is located above the base 120 of the grinding wheel support mechanism 100, which will be described later, as shown in Figure 2. The housing 51 also houses a low-magnification camera mechanism 60, a high-magnification camera mechanism 70, a beam splitter 57, a relay lens 58, and a reflector 59. Furthermore, a display unit 54 is mounted on the front of the housing 51.

[0026] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the workpiece support mechanism and light source of this embodiment. The light source 52 is an LED or the like that emits a ray BM toward the workpiece W (in this embodiment, toward the Z-axis direction which is perpendicular to the X-axis and Y-axis), and is mounted in a hole provided in the mounting base 2. In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 7, the light source 52 is located behind the edge 12a of the table 12 in the Y-axis direction (towards the grinding wheel 80).

[0027] The display unit 54 has a display as a display device and, in addition to displaying the projected screen 55, has the screen display functions normally required in the contour grinding machine 1. The projected screen 55 displays low-magnification images captured by the low-magnification camera 62 (described later) and high-magnification images captured by the high-magnification camera 72 (described later).

[0028] In this embodiment, the beam splitter 57 is positioned where the projected images of the grinding wheel 80 and workpiece W, generated by irradiation from the light source 52, are formed. The relay lens 58 and reflector 59 are positioned opposite the light source 52 via the workpiece W and are configured to cooperate with each other to form the projected images of the grinding wheel 80 and workpiece W in the beam splitter 57. Thus, in this embodiment, the projected images are formed within the beam splitter 57, thereby forming an intermediate focal point in the optical path between the grinding wheel 80 and workpiece W and the low-magnification camera mechanism 60 and / or high-magnification camera mechanism 70.

[0029] However, the configuration is not limited to this, and any optical path configuration that ultimately forms images of the grinding wheel 80 and the workpiece W in the low-magnification camera mechanism 60 and the high-magnification camera mechanism 70 is acceptable. From this viewpoint, the position in which the beam splitter 57 is placed is not particularly limited, as long as it is on the side of the grinding wheel 80 and the workpiece W that is closer to the low-magnification camera mechanism 60 and the high-magnification camera mechanism 70. For example, instead of using an intermediate focus at an intermediate position including the beam splitter 57, a configuration in which the optical path is adjusted to the sighting light collimated by the beam splitter 57 may be used.

[0030] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the beam splitter 57 is positioned between the reflecting mirror 59 and the low-magnification camera mechanism 60 and the high-magnification camera mechanism 70, and includes a transmitted light emission surface that splits and transmits the formed projected image (optical path), and a reflected light emission surface that changes the orientation of the formed projected image (optical path), reflects it, and splits it. For example, a half mirror or a partial mirror can be used as the beam splitter 57. By including such a beam splitter 57, the projector 50 according to this embodiment is configured to allow simultaneous observation of the same area (projected image) at different magnifications using the low-magnification camera mechanism 60 and the high-magnification camera mechanism 70.

[0031] Furthermore, the projector 50 further includes a light source for reflected images and a beam splitter for reflected images. Since various known configurations can be used for the light source and beam splitter for reflected images according to this embodiment, a detailed explanation thereof is omitted.

[0032] The low-magnification camera mechanism 60 is configured to capture either the projected image transmitted through the beam splitter 57 and the projected image reflected and divided by the beam splitter 57. Specifically, as shown in Figure 5, the low-magnification camera mechanism 60 includes a low-magnification camera 62 and a low-magnification imaging lens 64 that transmits the projected image transmitted through the beam splitter 57 to the low-magnification camera 62. In the illustrated example, the low-magnification imaging lens 64 and the low-magnification camera 62 are positioned opposite the transmitted light emission surface of the beam splitter 57, but the system is not limited to this, and various arrangements are possible. Furthermore, appropriate components such as reflective means can be added depending on the arrangement.

[0033] The low-magnification imaging lens 64 is configured to magnify or reduce the projected image transmitted through the beam splitter 57 by a predetermined magnification, and then to image this magnified or reduced projected image (low-magnification projection image) in the low-magnification camera 62. The low-magnification imaging lens 64 may be a lens group consisting of multiple lenses (low-magnification imaging lens group). The magnification of the low-magnification imaging lens 64 can be arbitrarily set as long as it is sufficient to capture a relatively wide machining range of the workpiece W. For example, it can be set to approximately 0.3 to 1 times the actual size of the grinding wheel 80 and workpiece W. The magnification of the low-magnification imaging lens 64 may be arbitrarily changed by switching or adding / removing the lenses used.

[0034] The low-magnification camera 62 is configured to capture a low-magnification projected image formed by the low-magnification imaging lens 64. Various known imaging means, such as a CMOS sensor, CCD sensor, array sensor, and image tube, can be arbitrarily used as the low-magnification camera 62. Furthermore, the image data of the low-magnification projected image captured by the low-magnification camera 62 is displayed as a low-magnification image on the projection screen 55 of the display unit 54.

[0035] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing the shooting range of this embodiment. As shown in Figures 6 and 8, the low-magnification camera 62 is configured to photograph the tip 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side through the opening 150 of the pivot shaft portion 140 of the grinding wheel support mechanism 100, which will be described later. Specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, the relay lens 58 and the reflector 59 are arranged on the extension of the opening 150 of the pivot shaft portion 140, and by reflecting the light ray BM that has passed through the opening 150 toward the low-magnification camera mechanism 60, the low-magnification camera 62 is configured to photograph the tip 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side through the opening 150.

[0036] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 8, the low-magnification camera 62 is positioned such that the pivot center TC of the grinding wheel 80 is located away from the center of the shooting range F. Specifically, as shown in Figure 8, the shooting range F is configured as a horizontally elongated rectangle, and the optical system of the projector 50 is positioned such that the pivot center TC of the grinding wheel 80 is located away from the center of the shooting range F in the height direction (short axis direction) of the shooting range F. In this embodiment, the optical system of the projector 50 is positioned such that the pivot center TC of the grinding wheel 80 is located one-third of the way from the top of the shooting range F. That is, the grinding wheel 80 is projected over approximately one-third of the shooting range F. However, it is not limited to this.

[0037] In the example shown in Figure 8, the tip 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side coincides with the pivot center TC of the grinding wheel 80. However, as will be described later, the tip 82 and the pivot center TC do not necessarily coincide. Therefore, although the positional relationship between the optical system of the projector 50 and the pivot center TC of the grinding wheel 80 remains unchanged, the range of the grinding wheel 80 located within the imaging range F may change due to wear of the grinding wheel 80, etc.

[0038] The high-magnification camera mechanism 70 is configured to capture the projection image of either the projection image transmitted and divided by the beam splitter 57 or the projection image reflected and divided by the beam splitter 57, whichever is different (from the low-magnification camera mechanism 60). Specifically, as shown in Figure 5, the high-magnification camera mechanism 70 includes a high-magnification imaging lens 74 that magnifies the projection image reflected and divided by the beam splitter 57 at a predetermined magnification, and a high-magnification camera 72 that captures the projection image (high-magnification projection image) magnified by the high-magnification imaging lens 74.

[0039] Furthermore, the high-magnification camera mechanism 70 is further equipped with a reflecting mirror 76 that reflects the high-magnification projected image, magnified by the high-magnification imaging lens 74, toward the high-magnification camera 72. In the illustrated example, the high-magnification imaging lens 74 is positioned opposite the reflected light emission surface of the beam splitter 57, and the high-magnification camera 72 is positioned perpendicular to this opposing direction. However, the mechanism is not limited to this, and various arrangements are possible. In addition, the reflecting mirror 76 can be added or removed depending on the arrangement.

[0040] The high-magnification imaging lens 74 is configured to magnify the projected image reflected and split by the beam splitter 57 at a predetermined magnification, and then to form a high-magnification projected image in the high-magnification camera 72. The high-magnification imaging lens 74 may be a lens group consisting of multiple lenses (high-magnification imaging lens group). The magnification of the high-magnification imaging lens 74 is set to a higher magnification than that of the low-magnification imaging lens 64. Such a magnification can be arbitrarily set within a range that allows the workpiece W to be captured with pinpoint accuracy, for example, it can be set to a magnification that magnifies the actual grinding wheel 80 and workpiece W by about 5 to 10 times. The magnification of the high-magnification imaging lens 74 may be arbitrarily changed by switching or adding / removing the lenses used.

[0041] The high-magnification camera 72 is configured to capture a high-magnification projected image that has been magnified and imaged by the high-magnification imaging lens 74. Various known imaging means, such as a CMOS sensor, CCD sensor, array sensor, and image tube, can be arbitrarily used as the high-magnification camera 72. The high-magnification projected image captured by the high-magnification camera 72 is displayed as a high-magnification image on the projection screen 55 of the display unit 54.

[0042] Figure 9 shows the rotation range of the grinding wheel in this embodiment. As shown in Figures 1 and 9, the grinding wheel 80 has a substantially disc shape and is rotatably supported by a grinding wheel support section 160 of the grinding wheel support mechanism 100, which will be described later, via a grinding wheel shaft 84 attached to the center of one of its faces. In this embodiment, the grinding wheel 80 is configured to be rotatable, as shown in Figure 9. Specifically, the grinding wheel 80 is configured to rotate in the axial direction of the grinding wheel shaft 84 with respect to the rotation of the pivot axis section 140 of the grinding wheel support mechanism 100, which will be described later.

[0043] Figure 10 shows the forward and backward movement of the grinding wheel in this embodiment. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 10, the grinding wheel 80 is configured to be movable along its radial direction (a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the grinding wheel axis 84). Specifically, the grinding wheel 80 is configured to be relatively movable with respect to the pivot axis 140 along a direction approaching or moving away from the workpiece W, by the grinding wheel support portion 160 of the grinding wheel support mechanism 100.

[0044] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram showing the grinding wheel support mechanism of this embodiment. As shown in Figure 11, the grinding wheel support mechanism 100 includes a pivot shaft portion 140 and a grinding wheel support portion 160 that supports the grinding wheel 80 so that the grinding wheel 80 is positioned vertically below the pivot shaft portion 140. The grinding wheel support mechanism 100 also includes a base portion 120 that pivotably supports the pivot shaft portion 140.

[0045] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram showing the pivot shaft and grinding wheel support portion of this embodiment. As shown in Figures 8, 11, and 12, the grinding wheel support mechanism 100 is configured to support the grinding wheel 80 such that the pivot center TC of the grinding wheel 80 and the tip portion 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side are located within the projection range (in this embodiment, the shooting range F of the camera 56) displayed on the projection screen 55. The specific configuration of the grinding wheel support mechanism 100 according to this embodiment will now be described. First, as shown in Figure 2, the base portion 120 has a first frame portion 122 and a second frame portion 124 extending forward (to the left as shown in Figure 2) from the first frame portion 122. In this embodiment, the base portion 120 is configured with the first frame portion 122 and the second frame portion 124 as an integral part. However, it is not limited to this, and they may be configured separately, and the second frame portion 124 may be attached to the first frame portion 122.

[0046] The first frame section 122 is erected at the rear of the mounting base 2. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first frame section 122 is positioned behind the hole for mounting the light source 52 provided in the mounting base 2. However, it is not limited to this. The second frame section 124 is provided in front of the upper end of the first frame section 122 and is provided with a mounting hole (not shown) for rotatably mounting the pivot shaft section 140. The mounting hole is provided in a position opposite the light source 52 (or the hole for mounting the light source 52 in the mounting base 2). The housing 51 of the projector 50 is attached to the upper parts of the first frame section 122 and the second frame section 124.

[0047] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram showing the grinding wheel support mechanism of this embodiment. Figure 14 is a schematic diagram showing the pivot shaft and grinding wheel support section of this embodiment. As shown in Figure 12, the pivot shaft portion 140 has an opening 150 in its center. Furthermore, as shown in Figures 12 and 14, the pivot shaft portion 140 has a base portion 142 for mounting the grinding wheel support portion 160. As shown in Figure 13, the peripheral edge of the opening 150 of the pivot shaft portion 140 is rotatably supported in a mounting hole of the second frame portion 124 via a roller gear cam mechanism 144. That is, as shown in Figures 2 and 6, the opening 150 is positioned opposite the light source 52.

[0048] Furthermore, the pivot shaft portion 140 is configured to be rotatable about a direction along the projection direction of the light source 52 by a roller gear cam mechanism 144. In this embodiment, the pivot shaft portion 140 is configured to be rotatable about a direction along the irradiation direction of the light ray BM of the light source 52 (Z-axis direction). The roller gear cam mechanism 144 is configured such that when the pivot shaft portion drive motor 146 is driven, the rotation of a roller gear (not shown) attached to the pivot shaft portion drive motor 146 is transmitted to a roller follower (not shown), and the pivot shaft portion 140 attached to the roller follower rotates.

[0049] In the swivel shaft 140 having the above configuration, the center of rotation is located one-third of the way from the upper end of the imaging range F. In this embodiment, the center of the aperture 150 is slightly offset from the center of rotation of the swivel shaft 140. However, it is not limited to this, and the center of rotation of the swivel shaft 140 may coincide with the center of the aperture 150.

[0050] Figure 16 shows the grinding wheel support section and the forward and backward movement of the grinding wheel in this embodiment. The grinding wheel support section 160 is attached to the pivot shaft section 140 and is configured to support the grinding wheel 80 such that the tip 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side is located within the projected area of ​​the opening 150, as shown in Figures 14 and 16. Specifically, the grinding wheel support section 160 includes a grinding wheel spindle 162 containing a grinding wheel drive motor for rotating the grinding wheel 80 during grinding, and a linear motion mechanism 170.

[0051] The grinding wheel spindle 162 is attached to the base portion 142 of the pivot shaft portion 140 via a linear motion mechanism 170, and its tip is configured to support the grinding wheel 80. In this embodiment, it is preferable that the grinding wheel spindle 162 supports the grinding wheel 80 such that the center of the grinding wheel 80 in the thickness direction (axis direction of the grinding wheel axis 84) coincides with the pivot center of the pivot shaft portion 140. When the center of the grinding wheel 80 in the thickness direction coincides with the pivot center of the pivot shaft portion 140, and furthermore, the tip portion 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side coincides with the pivot center of the pivot shaft portion 140, the pivot center TC of the grinding wheel 80 and the tip portion 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side coincide, and the grinding wheel 80 rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the pivot shaft portion 140 with the tip portion 82 on the workpiece W side as the pivot center TC. Because the pivot center TC of the grinding wheel 80 and the tip 82 on the workpiece W side of the grinding wheel 80 coincide, the tip 82 on the workpiece W side does not move even when the grinding wheel 80 is rotated, as shown in Figure 9, and can therefore always be located at the same position within the shooting range F (one-third of the way from the top of the shooting range F).

[0052] However, it is not limited to this. The grinding wheel spindle 162 only needs to support the grinding wheel 80 such that at least the tip 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side is located within the projected area of ​​the opening 150. With this configuration, the grinding wheel 80 is supported vertically above the light source 52 and facing the light source 52. In addition, the rotation center TC of the grinding wheel 80 and the tip 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side can always be positioned within the projected range (shooting range F) displayed on the projection screen 55, regardless of the direction in which the grinding wheel 80 is rotated.

[0053] Figure 17 shows the rotation of the grinding wheel in this embodiment when the rotation center of the grinding wheel and the tip on the workpiece side are separated. As described above, it is preferable that the tip 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side coincides with the pivot center TC of the grinding wheel 80, but this is not always the case depending on the size, precision, and degree of wear of the grinding wheel 80. For example, if the tip 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side does not coincide with the pivot center TC of the grinding wheel 80, the position of the tip 82 on the workpiece W side will also move when the grinding wheel 80 is rotated, as shown in Figure 17.

[0054] In such cases, the contour grinding machine 1 may perform tip point control. In this embodiment, tip point control means controlling the grinding wheel 80 so that the tip 82 on the workpiece W side of the grinding wheel 80 and the grinding portion of the workpiece W do not move relative to each other when the grinding wheel 80 rotates. Specifically, the contour grinding machine 1 moves the workpiece support portion 14 that supports the workpiece W using the movement mechanism of the workpiece support mechanism 10 so as to follow the tip 82 on the workpiece W side of the grinding wheel 80 as it moves during rotation. As a result, the contour grinding machine 1 can control the grinding wheel 80 so that it rotates around the tip 82 on the workpiece W side of the grinding wheel 80 relative to the workpiece W.

[0055] Furthermore, the shape, size, and mounting position of the grinding wheel spindle 162 to the base portion 142 can be any configuration that is capable of supporting the grinding wheel 80 so that the tip portion 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side is located within the projected area of ​​the opening 150.

[0056] Figure 15 is a side view showing the linear motion mechanism of this embodiment. As shown in Figure 15, the linear motion mechanism 170 includes a track rail 172 attached to the lower surface 142a of the base portion 142, a slide unit 174 attached to the grinding wheel spindle 162 and movably supported on the track rail 172, and a linear motion motor 176 for moving the slide unit 174.

[0057] The track rail 172 is attached to the lower surface 142a of the base portion 142 so as to extend along a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the grinding wheel spindle 162 (Y-axis direction), and by driving the linear motor 176, the slide unit 174, and consequently the grinding wheel spindle 162, is configured to move relative to the pivot shaft portion 140 along the Y-axis direction. As shown in Figures 15 and 16, the grinding wheel support portion 160 with this configuration is configured to move the grinding wheel 80 supported by the grinding wheel spindle 162 relative to the pivot shaft portion 140 along a direction that approaches or moves away from the workpiece W.

[0058] In other words, as shown in Figure 10(a), the grinding wheel support section 160 can move the tip 82 on the workpiece W side of the grinding wheel 80 closer to the pivot center TC when the tip 82 is far from the pivot center TC of the grinding wheel 80, as shown in Figure 10(b). Furthermore, the grinding wheel support section 160 does not necessarily need to have a linear motion mechanism 170, as long as it is capable of moving the grinding wheel 80 relative to the pivot shaft section 140 along a direction of approaching or moving away from the workpiece W; various arbitrary configurations can be adopted.

[0059] [Advantages of the contour grinding machine according to this embodiment] As described above, the tracing grinding machine 1 according to this embodiment includes a work support mechanism 10 for supporting a workpiece W, a grinding wheel support mechanism 100 for supporting a grinding wheel 80 for grinding the workpiece W, a light source 52 for irradiating light onto the workpiece W, and a projector 50 including a projection screen 55 that displays the shadows of the grinding wheel 80 and the workpiece W. The grinding wheel support mechanism 100 includes a pivot shaft portion 140 configured to be rotatable about a direction along the projection direction of the light source 52, and a grinding wheel support portion 160 that supports the grinding wheel 80 so that the grinding wheel 80 is positioned vertically below the pivot shaft portion 140. The grinding wheel 80 is supported such that the pivot center TC of the grinding wheel 80 and the tip portion 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side are located within the projection range displayed on the projection screen 55.

[0060] Furthermore, the contour grinding machine 1 according to this embodiment has the advantage that, by having such a configuration, the grinding wheel 80 is supported such that the rotation center TC of the grinding wheel 80 and the tip 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side are located within the projection range displayed on the projection screen 55. Therefore, even when the grinding wheel 80 is rotated, the tip 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side does not move out of the projection range and can always be confirmed, thus enabling high-precision grinding of the workpiece W.

[0061] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the tracing grinding machine 1 is supported such that the grinding wheel 80 is positioned vertically below the pivot shaft 140. This eliminates the risk of the grinding wheel support mechanism 100 interfering with a cylindrical workpiece W, and has the advantage of enabling high-precision grinding of the workpiece W.

[0062] Furthermore, in the tracing grinding machine 1 according to this embodiment, the projector 50 has a camera 56, and the projection range is the shooting range F of the camera 56. By having such a configuration, it is possible to accurately grasp the tip 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side and the shape of the workpiece W, compared to an optical projector that attaches a tracing chart paper showing the processing shape of the workpiece W to the projection screen 55 and superimposes it with the projected image (shading) of the workpiece W, thus having the advantage of being able to grind the workpiece W with higher precision.

[0063] Furthermore, in the tracing grinding machine 1 according to this embodiment, the swivel shaft portion 140 has an opening 150 in its center and is configured to be rotatable about a direction along the projection direction of the light source 52, the grinding wheel support portion 160 is configured to support the grinding wheel 80 such that the tip portion 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side is located within the projection area of ​​the opening 150, and the camera 56 is configured to photograph the tip portion 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side through the opening 150 of the swivel shaft portion 140. With this configuration, the tip portion 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side can be confirmed on the projected screen 55, which has the advantage of enabling grinding of the workpiece W with higher precision.

[0064] Furthermore, in the contour grinding machine 1 according to this embodiment, the camera 56 (low-magnification camera 62 in this embodiment) is positioned such that the rotation center TC of the grinding wheel 80 is located away from the center of the imaging range F. This configuration allows for imaging of the area around the tip 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side while simultaneously increasing the imaging range of the workpiece W. This makes it easier to confirm the grinding area of ​​the workpiece W and has the advantage of enabling more precise grinding of the workpiece W.

[0065] Furthermore, in the contour grinding machine 1 according to this embodiment, the grinding wheel support section 160 is configured to allow the grinding wheel 80 to move relative to the pivot shaft section 140 along a direction that approaches or moves away from the workpiece W. This configuration has the advantage that when the grinding wheel 80 wears down and its diameter decreases, the position of the tip 82 on the workpiece W side of the grinding wheel 80 can be moved to near its position before wear by moving the grinding wheel 80 relative to the pivot shaft section 140 along a direction that approaches the workpiece W. In addition, the position of the tip 82 can be adjusted by moving the grinding wheel 80 relative to the pivot shaft section 140 according to the diameter of the grinding wheel 80 used. That is, if the grinding wheel 80 has a diameter within an adjustable range (for example, 150φ to 205φ), the tip 82 on the workpiece W side of the grinding wheel 80 can always be positioned within the projected area of ​​the opening 150 of the pivot shaft section 140, regardless of the diameter of the grinding wheel 80.

[0066] Furthermore, in the tracing grinding machine 1 according to this embodiment, the grinding wheel support mechanism 100 includes a base 120 that rotatably supports the pivot shaft portion 140, and the pivot shaft portion 140 is supported by the base 120 via a roller gear cam mechanism 144. By having such a configuration, the positioning accuracy of the tip portion 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side is higher compared to a configuration having a swivel mechanism or the like, and thus has the advantage of being able to grind the workpiece W with higher precision.

[0067] Furthermore, in the tracing grinding machine 1 according to this embodiment, the workpiece support mechanism 10 includes a table 12 and a workpiece support part 14 that supports the workpiece W such that the grinding portion of the workpiece W is located on the grinding wheel 80 side of the edge 12a of the table 12, and the workpiece support part 14 is configured to support a cylindrical workpiece W. With this configuration, even a cylindrical workpiece W can have its projected image (shadow) displayed on the projection screen 55, which has the advantage of enabling high-precision grinding of cylindrical workpieces W by tracing.

[0068] Furthermore, in the contour grinding machine 1 according to this embodiment, the workpiece support section 14 includes a headstock 16 that rotatably supports one end of the cylindrical workpiece W, and a tailstock 18 that rotatably supports the other end of the cylindrical workpiece W. By having such a configuration, the cylindrical grinding machine has the advantage of being able to grind cylindrical workpieces W with high precision.

[0069] [Differentiation] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Various modifications or improvements can be made to the embodiments described above.

[0070] For example, in the embodiment described above, the projector 50 was described as having a camera 56 and the projection range being the shooting range F of the camera 56, but it is not limited to this. The projector 50 does not have to have a camera 56. In other words, the projector 50 may be an optical projector instead of a digital projector.

[0071] In the embodiment described above, the pivot shaft portion 140 has an opening 150 in its center and is configured to pivot about a direction along the projection direction of the light source 52, the grinding wheel support portion 160 is configured to support the grinding wheel 80 such that the tip 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side is located within the projection area of ​​the opening 150, and the camera 56 is configured to photograph the tip 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side through the opening 150 of the pivot shaft portion 140, but this is not limited to this. The pivot shaft portion 140 does not have to have an opening 150. For example, the camera 56 may be attached to the pivot center of the pivot shaft portion 140. Also, the grinding wheel support portion 160 may support the grinding wheel 80 such that the tip 82 of the grinding wheel 80 on the workpiece W side is located at the pivot center of the pivot shaft portion 140.

[0072] In the embodiments described above, the camera 56 (low-magnification camera 62 in this embodiment) was described as being positioned such that the pivot center TC of the grinding wheel 80 is located away from the center of the shooting range F, but it is not limited to this. The camera 56 (low-magnification camera 62) may be positioned such that the pivot center TC of the grinding wheel 80 coincides with the center of the shooting range F, or is located near the center of the shooting range F.

[0073] In the embodiments described above, the grinding wheel support 160 was described as being configured to allow the grinding wheel 80 to move relative to the pivot shaft 140 along a direction of approaching or moving away from the workpiece W, but it is not limited to this. The grinding wheel support 160 does not need to be able to move the grinding wheel 80 relative to the pivot shaft 140 along a direction of approaching or moving away from the workpiece W. In other words, the grinding wheel support 160 does not need to have a linear motion mechanism 170.

[0074] In the embodiments described above, the grinding wheel support mechanism 100 was described as including a base 120 that rotatably supports the pivot shaft portion 140, and the pivot shaft portion 140 being supported by the base 120 via a roller gear cam mechanism 144, but it is not limited to this. The grinding wheel support mechanism 100 can employ various arbitrary configurations as long as the pivot shaft portion 140 is rotatably supported by the base 120.

[0075] In the embodiments described above, the work support mechanism 10 includes a table 12 and a work support portion 14 that supports the workpiece W such that the grinding portion of the workpiece W is located on the grinding wheel 80 side of the edge 12a of the table 12, and the work support portion 14 was described as being configured to support a cylindrical workpiece W, but is not limited to this. The work support portion 14 does not have to support the workpiece W such that the grinding portion of the workpiece W is located on the grinding wheel 80 side of the edge 12a of the table 12. Also, the work support portion 14 does not have to be able to support a cylindrical workpiece W.

[0076] In the embodiments described above, the workpiece support section 14 was described as including a headstock 16 that rotatably supports one end of the cylindrical workpiece W and a tailstock 18 that rotatably supports the other end of the cylindrical workpiece W, but it is not limited to this. The workpiece support section 14 does not have to include the headstock 16 and the tailstock 18. In other words, the contour grinding machine 1 does not have to function as a cylindrical grinding machine, but may function as a form grinding machine. When functioning as a form grinding machine, for example, the contour grinding machine 1 may be configured such that the workpiece support mechanism 10 is equipped with a lifting mechanism that can raise and lower the workpiece W along the vertical direction (Z-axis direction in this embodiment), and grinding can be performed while raising and lowering the workpiece W.

[0077] In the embodiments described above, the projector 50 was described as having two cameras 56 (a low-magnification camera 62 and a high-magnification camera 72), but it is not limited to this. The projector 50 may have one camera 56, or three or more cameras 56. Furthermore, if the projector 50 has one camera 56, the camera 56 is not limited to being optically opposed to the light source 52 as described above, but may be physically opposed to the light source 52 via the workpiece W. In addition, the projector 50 was described as having the light source 52 mounted in a hole provided in the mounting base 2 and the camera 56 mounted in the housing 51, but it is not limited to this. The projector 50 may have the camera 56 on the mounting base 2 side, and the light source 52 mounted above the workpiece W (for example, inside the housing 51). [Explanation of Symbols]

[0078] 1. Copy grinding machine 2. Mounting platform 10 Work support mechanism 12 tables 12a Edge 14 Work support section 16 Headstock 18. Tailstock 50 projector 51 cabinets 52 Light source 54 Display section 55 Projection screen 56 Cameras 57 Beam Splitter 58 Relay Lens 59 Reflector 60 Low-magnification camera mechanism 62 Low-magnification camera 64 Low-magnification imaging lenses 70 High-magnification camera mechanism 72 High-magnification camera 74 High-magnification imaging lenses 76 Reflector 80 whetstones 82 Tip 84 Grinding wheel shaft 100 Grinding wheel support mechanism 120 base 122 First Frame Section 124 Second Frame Section 140 Swivel shaft section 142 Base 144 Roller gear cam mechanism 146 Motor for driving the swivel shaft 150 aperture 160 Grinding wheel support section 162 Grinding wheel spindle 170 Linear motion mechanism 172 Track Rails 174 Slide Unit 176 Linear motor BM ray F Shooting range TC grinding wheel rotation center Double job

Claims

1. A workpiece support mechanism that supports the workpiece, A grinding wheel support mechanism that supports the grinding wheel for grinding the aforementioned workpiece, A projector including a light source that irradiates light onto the workpiece, and a projection screen that displays the shadows of the grinding wheel and the workpiece. Equipped with, The grinding wheel support mechanism is, A pivot shaft portion configured to be rotatable about a direction along the projection direction of the light source, A grinding wheel support portion that supports the grinding wheel such that the grinding wheel is positioned vertically below the pivot axis portion. Includes, The grinding wheel is supported such that the rotation center of the grinding wheel and the tip of the grinding wheel on the workpiece side are located within the projection range displayed on the projection screen. Copy grinding machine.

2. The projector has a camera, The projection range is the shooting range of the camera. The contour grinding machine according to claim 1.

3. The aforementioned pivot axis portion has an opening in its center and is configured to be rotatable about a direction along the projection direction of the light source. The grinding wheel support portion is configured to support the grinding wheel such that the tip of the grinding wheel on the workpiece side is located within the projected area of ​​the opening. The camera is configured to capture images of the tip of the grinding wheel on the workpiece side through the opening of the pivot shaft. The contour grinding machine according to claim 2.

4. The camera is positioned such that the pivot point of the grinding wheel is located away from the center of the shooting range. The contour grinding machine according to claim 2 or 3.

5. The grinding wheel support is configured to allow the grinding wheel to move relative to the pivot axis along a direction that approaches or moves away from the workpiece. A profile grinding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. The grinding wheel support mechanism includes a base that rotatably supports the pivot shaft portion, The pivot shaft portion is supported by the base portion via a roller gear cam mechanism. A profile grinding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

7. The workpiece support mechanism is A table and, A workpiece support portion supports the workpiece such that the grinding portion of the workpiece is located on the grinding wheel side of the edge of the table. Includes, The workpiece support section is configured to support a cylindrical workpiece. A profile grinding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

8. The aforementioned work support section is A spindle head that rotatably supports one end of the cylindrical workpiece, A tailstock that rotatably supports the other end of the cylindrical workpiece and including The contour grinding machine according to claim 7.

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