Charging device, electronic device, charging system, and charging method

Abstract

The present invention provides a charging device, electronic device, charging system, and charging method that reduce power consumption within an electronic device and improve the charging efficiency of a second battery. [Solution] The charging device 601 includes a first DC-DC charger, a second DC-DC charger, a first battery, and a charging terminal 6013. The first DC-DC charger charges the first battery after converting the DC power transmitted by the adapter and supplies power to the second DC-DC charger. The second DC-DC charger has an input terminal that receives the DC voltage output by the first DC-DC charger, an output terminal that connects to the charging terminal, and the charging terminal connects to the receiving terminal 6023 of the electronic device 602. The second DC-DC charger receives charging parameters transmitted by the electronic device and obtains the charging parameters based on the voltage information of the second battery of the electronic device. The corresponding charging voltage and corresponding charging current are obtained based on the charging parameters, and the charging terminal outputs the charging voltage and charging current.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application claims the priority of Chinese Patent Application No. 202010733958.7, titled "Charging Device, Electronic Device, Charging System, and Charging Method", filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on July 27, 2020, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] This application relates to the field of terminal device technologies, and in particular, to charging devices, electronic devices, charging systems, and charging methods.

Background Art

[0003] With the development of chip technology, True Wireless Stereo (TWS) technology has been widely used in the field of Bluetooth (registered trademark) headsets, such as TWS headsets. Compared with ordinary headsets, the left and right earphones of TWS headsets can operate independently without cable connection.

[0004] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a TWS headset.

[0005] The TWS headset includes a left earphone 101, a right earphone 102, and a charging case 103. The charging case 103 is configured to charge the left earphone 101 and the right earphone 102. For example, when the left earphone 101 is located inside the charging case 103, the charging case 103 transmits the electrical energy provided by the battery inside the charging case 103 to the left earphone 101, and a DCDC charger disposed inside the left earphone 101 converts the electrical energy provided by the battery inside the charging case 103 and then charges the battery inside the left earphone 101.

[0006] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a charging system including a charging case and earphones.

[0007] The charging system includes a charging case 103 and earphones 102. From the diagram, it can be seen that the charger is located inside the earphones 102. The charger 1038 inside the earphones 102 converts electrical energy based on the power of the second battery 1037 and then charges the second battery 1037. The charger 1038 inside the earphones consumes power when converting electrical energy, and therefore the charging efficiency of the second battery 1037 decreases. [Overview of the project] [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] To solve the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of this application provide a charging device, electronic device, charging system, and charging method for reducing power consumption in a headset and improving the charging efficiency of the battery in the headset.

[0009] According to a first aspect, the present application provides a charging device including a first DC-DC charger, a second DC-DC charger, a first battery, and a charging terminal. The first DC-DC charger can charge the first battery after converting DC power transmitted by an adapter, and can also directly charge the second DC-DC charger. In the process of the charging device charging an electronic device, the second DC-DC charger receives charging parameters transmitted by the electronic device. The charging parameters may be obtained by a second controller inside the electronic device based on voltage information of the second battery, or by a first controller inside the charging device based on voltage information of the second battery. After obtaining the charging parameters, the second DC-DC charger may obtain a corresponding charging voltage and a corresponding charging current based on the charging parameters. The second DC-DC charger can further detect the output voltage and output current of the charging terminal, compare the output voltage with the charging voltage, and gradually adjust the output voltage of the charging terminal so that the output voltage of the charging terminal remains in agreement with the charging voltage. Similarly, the output current of the charging terminal is also gradually adjusted so that the output current of the charging terminal remains in line with the charging current. The second DC-DC charger can output the charging voltage and charging current to the electronic device by using the charging terminal and receiving terminal. The electronic device directly charges the second battery by using the charging voltage and charging current without performing further electrical energy conversion internally. This improves the charging efficiency of the second battery. In the charging process, the charging parameters are obtained based on the voltage information of the second battery. If the voltage of the second battery changes, the charging parameters also change. Therefore, the charging device can directly output the corresponding charging voltage and charging current based on the charging parameters, and the electronic device does not need to perform electrical energy conversion. In other words, since the Level 1 DC-DC charger is omitted, the power consumption generated by the electronic device is reduced and the charging efficiency of the second battery is improved.

[0010] Preferably, the charging device further includes a first controller. In different control policies, the first controller has different functions. For example, the first controller receives charging parameters transmitted by an electronic device and transmits the charging parameters to a second DC-DC charger. Since the charging parameters carry the charging voltage and charging current corresponding to the second battery, the second DC-DC charger can determine the charging voltage and charging current of the second battery based on the charging parameters. In this case, the charging parameters may be obtained by the second controller based on the voltage information of the second battery.

[0011] Preferably, the charging device further includes a first controller. In another control policy, the first controller receives voltage information of a second battery transmitted by an electronic device, obtains corresponding charging parameters based on the voltage information of the second battery, and transmits the charging parameters to a second DC-DC charger. Since the charging parameters carry the charging voltage and charging current corresponding to the second battery, the second DC-DC charger can determine the charging voltage and charging current of the second battery based on the charging parameters. In this case, the charging parameters are obtained by the first controller based on the voltage information of the second battery.

[0012] Preferably, for example, if the electronic device is a headset and the charging device is a charging case, the charging case needs to know that the headset is in the charging base, and the headset also needs to know that the headset is in the charging case by detecting whether the headset is located in the charging case in order to ensure that the charging device and the electronic device are connected. When both the charging device and the electronic device are in place, the electronic device sends a handshake signal to the charging device. Upon receiving the handshake signal sent by the electronic device, the charging device may determine that the electronic device is in place. Specifically, a second DC-DC charger includes a first state machine. Upon receiving the handshake signal sent by the electronic device, the first state machine determines that the electronic device is in place and notifies the first controller that the electronic device is in place, so there is no need to detect again whether the electronic device is in place.

[0013] Preferably, the charging device needs to verify the handshake signal before charging the electronic device in order to determine that the charging device is compatible with the electronic device. Specifically, the second DC-DC charger includes a first state machine and a demodulation module. The demodulation module receives the handshake signal transmitted by the electronic device from the charging terminal, demodulates the handshake signal, and transmits the demodulation result to the first state machine. After receiving the demodulation result, if the first state machine determines that the handshake was successful based on the demodulation result, it notifies the first controller that the handshake was successful. If the handshake between the charging device and the electronic device is successful, the charging device and the electronic device may enter a subsequent communication mode, in which the first controller receives voltage information or charging parameters transmitted by the electronic device, which belong to the second battery.

[0014] Preferably, the first state machine notifying the first controller that the handshake was successful is done as follows: Upon confirming that the handshake was successful, the first state machine sends an interrupt signal to the first controller. Upon detecting the interrupt signal, the first controller determines that the handshake was successful in order to prepare for the subsequent communication and charging processes.

[0015] Preferably, during the charging process, the charging voltage and charging current output to the electronic device by the charging device must be constantly adjusted based on the charging parameters of the second battery. Therefore, if no additional contact terminals are provided between the charging device and the electronic device, the first switch module and DC-DC converter circuit are arranged within the second DC-DC charger to complete the conversion between the communication process and the charging process and to output the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery based on the charging parameters. Specifically, the input terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit is used as the input terminal of the second DC-DC charger, the output terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to the first terminal of the first switch module, the second terminal of the first switch module is the output terminal of the second DC-DC charger, and the third terminal of the first switch module is connected to the first communication interface of the first controller. When the first controller communicates with the electronic device, the first state machine controls the first switch module to connect the charging terminal to the first communication interface, so that the first controller can communicate directly with the second controller to obtain the charging parameters or voltage information of the second battery. When charging an electronic device, the second DC-DC charger controls the first switch module to connect the charging terminal to the output terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit, and controls the DC-DC converter circuit to perform electrical energy conversion based on the voltage comparison result and the current comparison result.

[0016] Preferably, since the output voltage of the second DC-DC charger is high, the voltage across a capacitor (not shown) connected in parallel to the output port of the second DC-DC charger is high. Therefore, before the first switch module connects the charging terminal to the first communication interface, the first state machine disables the output of the DC-DC converter circuit, and if the voltage at the charging terminal is lower than a first preset threshold, the first switch module is controlled to connect the charging terminal to the first communication interface to reduce the possibility of the first controller burning out.

[0017] Preferably, the charging device further includes a carrier communication module. The first controller communicates with an electronic device by using the carrier communication module and receives voltage information or charging parameters of the second battery. When the charging device communicates with the electronic device by using the carrier communication module, the electronic device can also transmit voltage information or charging parameters of the second battery to the charging device without turning off the charging process. This further improves the charging efficiency of the second battery.

[0018] Preferably, the second DC-DC charger includes a first state machine and a demodulation module. If the charging device does not have a first controller, the first state machine can perform the functions performed by the first controller. When a handshake occurs between the charging device and the electronic device, the demodulation module receives the handshake signal transmitted by the electronic device from the charging terminal, demodulates the handshake signal, and transmits the demodulation result to the first state machine. After confirming that the handshake was successful based on the demodulation result, the first state machine receives voltage information or charging parameters for the second battery transmitted by the electronic device. If the first state machine receives voltage information for the second battery, it is further configured to obtain charging parameters based on the voltage information for the second battery. If the charging device does not have a first controller, the size of the charging device can be reduced.

[0019] Preferably, the demodulation module demodulates the current signal at the second terminal of the second DC-DC charger and transmits the demodulated result of the current signal to the first state machine. The first state machine compares the demodulated result of the current signal with a preset pulse signal and determines, based on the comparison result, whether the handshake was successful. For example, if the demodulated result matches the preset pulse signal, it is confirmed that the handshake was successful.

[0020] Preferably, the charging device further includes a DC-DC converter circuit. The input terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit is the input terminal of a second DC-DC charger, and the output terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to the charging terminal. The first state machine controls the DC-DC converter circuit to perform electrical energy conversion based on the voltage comparison results and current comparison results. The DC-DC converter circuit adjusts the output voltage and output current based on the voltage comparison results and current comparison results in order to constantly adjust the output voltage of the DC-DC converter circuit to match the charging voltage and to constantly adjust the output current to match the charging current.

[0021] According to a second aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising a second battery, a second controller, a charging path, and a receiving terminal. The charging path is not a charger. The charging path has a simple impedance conversion function. The first end of the charging path is connected to the receiving terminal, the second end of the charging path is connected to the second battery, and the receiving terminal is configured to be connected to the charging terminal of a charging device. The second controller transmits charging parameters to the charging device, so that the charging device obtains a charging voltage and a charging current based on the charging parameters. After obtaining the charging voltage and charging current based on the charging parameters transmitted by the electronic device, the charging device outputs the charging voltage and charging current to the charging terminal, and the receiving terminal charges the second battery after receiving the output voltage and output current of the charging terminal, the output voltage being either identical to or having a multiple relationship with the charging voltage of the second battery, and the output current being identical to the charging current of the second battery. When the output voltage matches the charging voltage of the second battery, in the process of the charging device charging the electronic device, the second controller controls the charging path to operate in a bypass state to charge the second battery when it determines, based on the voltage of the second battery, that the charging phase is a constant current charging phase or a constant voltage charging phase, and when the charging path operates in a bypass state, the impedance of the charging path is minimized and the charging path is approximately equivalent to that of a conductor. If there is a multiple relationship between the output voltage and charging voltage of the second battery, a switched-capacitor converter must be additionally placed in the charging path to perform voltage conversion in order to perform voltage regulation, and the switched-capacitor converter improves the charging efficiency of the second battery. Because closed-loop control is performed inside the charging device, the output voltage matches or has a multiple relationship with the charging voltage of the second battery, and the output current matches the charging current of the second battery. Since the second battery can be charged by using the charging voltage and charging current without the need to place a DC-DC charger in the electronic device, power consumption generated in the electronic device is reduced and the charging efficiency of the second battery is improved.

[0022] Preferably, the second controller is configured to transmit voltage information of the second battery to the charging device so that the charging device can obtain the corresponding charging parameters based on the voltage information of the second battery. In other words, the second controller transmits only the voltage information of the second battery to the charging device, and the charging parameters are obtained by the first controller or first state machine inside the charging device.

[0023] Preferably, the charging path includes a second switch module. The first end of the second switch module is used as the first end of the charging path, and the second end of the second switch module is used as the second end of the charging path. The impedance of the second switch module is adjustable. The second controller is configured to acquire the corresponding charging phase based on the voltage information of the second battery, and to control the impedance of the second switch module to be minimized if the charging phase is a constant current charging phase or a constant voltage charging phase, thereby minimizing the impedance of the charging path, and to control the impedance of the second switch module to be maximized if the charging phase is a trickle charging phase, thereby maximizing the impedance of the charging path.

[0024] Preferably, the second switch module may be implemented using two MOS transistors connected in series, for example, a first MOS transistor and a second MOS transistor. The antiparallel diodes of the first MOS transistor and the antiparallel diodes of the second MOS transistor have opposite directions. Furthermore, the second controller can adjust the impedance of the charging path by adjusting the on / off state of the MOS transistors.

[0025] Preferably, the second switch module further includes a third MOS transistor. The third MOS transistor is connected in parallel across two MOS transistors connected in series. When the charging phase is a constant-current charging phase, the second controller controls the third MOS transistor to turn on so that the first and second MOS transistors connected in series are bypassed to minimize the impedance of the charging path.

[0026] Preferably, the charging path further includes a switched-capacitor converter, which is connected in series with a second switch module, and the switched-capacitor converter is configured to boost the voltage input to the switched-capacitor converter and then output the boosted voltage so that voltage regulation can be performed, the charging voltage of the second battery can be increased, and the charging efficiency of the second battery can be improved.

[0027] Preferably, the charging path includes a switched-capacitor converter, a safety switch, and a second switch module. A first terminal of the switched-capacitor converter is connected to a receiving terminal, a first terminal of the safety switch is connected to the first terminal of the switched-capacitor converter, and the first terminal of the switched-capacitor converter is connected to a second battery. A second terminal of the safety switch is connected to a first terminal of the second switch module, and a second terminal of the second switch module is connected to the second battery. Since the impedance of the second switch module is adjustable, control over the impedance of the charging path in different charging phases can be achieved. The second controller obtains a corresponding charging phase based on the voltage information of the second battery, and controls the switched-capacitor converter and the second switch module to operate in different states in different charging phases. When the charging phase is a constant-current charging phase or a constant-voltage charging phase, the safety switch is controlled to turn off, and the switched-capacitor converter is controlled to operate in a bypass state. When the charging phase is another charging phase, the safety switch is controlled to turn on. In addition to improving the charging efficiency of the second battery in the constant-voltage charging phase and the constant-current charging phase, the charging efficiency of the second battery in another charging phase can also be improved.

[0028] Preferably, the electronic device further includes a second state machine and a modulation module. The second state machine is configured to control the modulation module to modulate a handshake signal and transmit the modulated handshake signal to a receiving terminal, so that the charging device receives the handshake signal and checks whether the handshake is successful. When it is determined that the handshake is successful, the second state machine can determine that the electronic device is compatible with the charging device and notify the second controller to communicate with the charging device. Therefore, the second controller can transmit voltage information of the second battery or charging parameters of the second battery to the charging device, and the charging device can provide the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery for charging the second battery to the electronic device based on the voltage information or the charging parameters.

[0029] Preferably, the electronic device further includes a third switch module. The first end of the third switch module is connected to the receiving terminal, the second end of the third switch module is connected to the first end of the charging path, and the third end of the third switch module is connected to the second communication interface of the second controller. When the second controller communicates with the charging device, the second state machine controls the third switch module to connect the receiving terminal to the second communication interface of the second controller, so that the second controller communicates with the first controller inside the charging device. When the charging device charges the second battery, the second state machine controls the third switch module to connect the receiving terminal to the first end of the charging path, so that the charging device charges the electronic device.

[0030] Preferably, after the handshake signal is transmitted, the second state machine checks that the handshake is successful when it detects that the voltage of the receiving terminal is lower than a second preset threshold.

[0031] Preferably, the electronic device further includes a carrier communication module. When the second controller communicates with the charging device by using the carrier communication module, for example, by transmitting voltage information of the second battery or by transmitting charging parameters of the second battery to the charging device, both communication and charging can be performed without turning off the charging process during the communication process. In this case, the charging time for the second battery is reduced and the charging efficiency is further improved.

[0032] Preferably, the electronic device is Bluetooth® headsets, bands, and watches It is one of the following.

[0033] According to a third aspect, the present application provides a charging system comprising an optional charging device as described in the first aspect and an optional electronic device as described in the second aspect, wherein the charging device is configured to charge the electronic device.

[0034] Preferably, the charging device has two charging terminals and the electronic device has two receiving terminals.

[0035] According to a fourth aspect, the present application provides a charging method to which a charging device is applied. The charging device includes a first DC-DC charger, a first battery, a second DC-DC charger, and a charging terminal. The first DC-DC charger is configured to charge the first battery after converting DC power transmitted by an adapter, and is further configured to supply power to the second DC-DC charger. The input terminal of the second DC-DC charger is configured to receive the DC voltage output by the first DC-DC charger, and the output terminal of the second DC-DC charger is connected to the charging terminal of an electronic device, and the charging terminal is configured to connect to the receiving terminal of an electronic device. The method is as follows: A step of receiving charging parameters transmitted by an electronic device, wherein the charging parameters are obtained based on voltage information of a second battery of the electronic device; A step of obtaining the corresponding charging voltage and corresponding charging current based on the charging parameters, A step of detecting the output voltage and output current of the charging terminal, The steps include controlling the charging terminal to output a charging voltage and controlling the charging terminal to output a charging current. Includes.

[0036] According to a fifth aspect, the present application provides a charging method applicable to an electronic device. The electronic device includes a second battery, a second controller, a charging path, and a receiving terminal. The receiving terminal is configured to connect to a charging terminal of a charging device, the first end of the charging path is connected to the receiving terminal, and the second end of the charging path is connected to the second battery. The method is as follows: A step of receiving the output voltage and output current of a charging terminal, wherein the output voltage matches or has a preset multiple relationship with the charging voltage of a second battery, and the output current matches the charging current of the second battery, and both the output voltage and output current are obtained by a charging device based on charging parameters transmitted by an electronic device, The steps include controlling the charging path to operate in a bypass state to charge the second battery when it is determined, based on the voltage of the second battery, that the charging phase is a constant current charging phase or a constant voltage charging phase, and Includes.

[0037] The embodiments of this application have at least the following advantages.

[0038] One embodiment of this application provides a charging system. The charging system includes a charging device and an electronic device. The charging device is configured to charge the electronic device. The charging device is internally improved to reduce power consumption in the electronic device during the charging process, so that a second DC-DC charger within the charging device can directly charge the battery of the electronic device and directly provide the charging voltage and charging current required by the battery of the electronic device.

[0039] Specifically, the charging device includes a first battery, a first DC-DC charger, a second DC-DC charger, and a charging terminal. The electronic device includes a second battery, a second controller, a charging path, and a receiving terminal. The input terminal of the second DC-DC charger is configured to connect to the DC voltage output by the first DC-DC charger, and the output terminal of the second DC-DC charger is connected to the charging terminal. The second DC-DC charger obtains a corresponding charging voltage and a corresponding charging current based on charging parameters, detects the output voltage and output current of the charging terminal, compares the output voltage with the charging voltage, controls the output voltage of the charging terminal to match the charging voltage based on the voltage comparison result, compares the output current with the charging current, and controls the output current to match the charging current based on the current comparison result. When the charging device is connected to the electronic device, the charging terminal and the receiving terminal are also connected. Therefore, the second DC-DC charger can output a charging voltage and a charging current to the electronic device by using the charging terminal and the receiving terminal. The electronic device directly charges the second battery by using the charging voltage and charging current without performing further electrical energy conversion internally. Therefore, the charging efficiency of the second battery can be improved.

[0040] Since the charging parameters are obtained based on the voltage information of the second battery, that is, when the voltage of the second battery changes, the charging parameters change accordingly, and the charging device may output a corresponding charging voltage and a corresponding charging current based on the charging parameters to charge the electronic device, in other words the electronic device does not need to perform electrical energy conversion. Since the Level 1 DC-DC charger is omitted in the electronic device, the power consumption generated by the electronic device is reduced and the charging efficiency of the second battery is improved. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0041] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of a TWS headset. [Figure 2]This is a schematic diagram of the charging system, including the charging case and earphones. [Figure 3] This is a schematic diagram of a charging device and electronic device according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 4] This is a schematic diagram of another charging device and electronic device according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 5] This is a schematic diagram of charging a charging case according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 6] This is a schematic diagram of a charging system according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 7] This is a schematic diagram of yet another charging system according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 8] This is a schematic diagram of a charging system in the preparation phase according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 9] This is a schematic diagram of the initial state of a charging system according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 10] This is an operation flowchart of the preparation phase of a charging system according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 11] This is a schematic diagram of yet another charging system in the preparation phase according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 12] This is a schematic diagram of pre-charging of an electronic device according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 13A] This is a schematic diagram of the modulation of a handshake signal according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 13B] This is a schematic diagram of the modulation of a handshake signal according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 14A] This is a schematic diagram of demodulation of a handshake signal according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 14B] This is a schematic diagram of demodulation of a handshake signal according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 15] This is a schematic diagram of a charging system after a successful handshake, according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 16A] This is a schematic diagram of a charging system in a communication state according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 16B-1]This is an operation flowchart of a charging device and an electronic device according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 16B-2] This is an operation flowchart of a charging device and an electronic device according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 16B-3] This is an operation flowchart of a charging device and an electronic device according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 17] This is an operation flowchart of the preparation phase of yet another charging system according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 18A] This is an operation flowchart of yet another charging device and electronic device according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 18B] This is an operation flowchart of a charging device and an electronic device according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 19] This is a schematic diagram of the charging phase of a charging system according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 20] This is a schematic diagram of a charging path according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 21] This is a schematic diagram of yet another charging path according to one embodiment of the application. [Figure 22] This is a schematic diagram of a second switch module according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 23] This is a schematic diagram of yet another second switch module according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 24A] This is a schematic diagram of yet another charging path according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 24B] This is a schematic diagram of yet another charging path according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 25A] This is a schematic diagram of another charging system according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 25B] This is a waveform diagram of a pulse signal according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 25C-1] This is an operation flowchart of yet another charging device and electronic device according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 25C-2]This is an operation flowchart of yet another charging device and electronic device according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 26] This is a schematic diagram of yet another charging system according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 27A] This is a schematic diagram of yet another charging system according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 27B-1] This is an operation flowchart of another charging device and electronic device according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 27B-2] This is an operation flowchart of another charging device and electronic device according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 28] This is a schematic diagram of another charging system according to one embodiment of this application. [Figure 29] This is a waveform diagram of a pulse signal according to one embodiment of the present application. [Figure 30] This is a schematic diagram showing the number of bits in a feature string according to one embodiment of this application. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0042] The following describes the technical solutions of embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings of embodiments of this application. It is clear that the embodiments described are only a part of, and not all, of the embodiments of this application.

[0043] The following terms, such as “first,” “second,” etc., are intended solely for illustrative purposes and should not be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance, or as an implicit indication of the quantity of the technical features shown. Therefore, features limited by “first” or “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In this description, unless otherwise stated, “multiple” means two or three or more.

[0044] In addition, in this application, orientation terms such as “up” and “down” may include, but are not limited to, the orientation of graphically positioned components in the relevant accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these orientation terms may be relative concepts. The orientation terms are used for relevant explanation and clarification and may change accordingly based on changes in the orientation of the components in the accompanying drawings.

[0045] It should be noted that in this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term “connection” should be understood in a broad sense. For example, “connection” may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, a solid connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection implemented by using a medium. In addition, the term “coupling” may be a method of implementing an electrical connection for signal transmission. “Coupling” may be a direct electrical connection or an indirect electrical connection using an intermediate medium.

[0046] The type of charging device is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application. The charging device may be a charging cradle or a charging case.

[0047] The type of electronic device is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application. The electronic device may be a headset, a smartwatch, a smart band, or the like.

[0048] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a charging device and electronic device according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0049] For example, if the charging device is a charging cradle, the electronic device may be a smart band. As shown in the figure, the charging cradle includes a first charging terminal 202A and a second charging terminal 202B, and the smart band includes a first receiving terminal 201A and a second receiving terminal 201B. In this embodiment, the number of charging terminals is not particularly limited, nor is the number of receiving terminals. Generally, the number of charging terminals is equal to the number of receiving terminals, for example, 2 or 3. In this embodiment, only an example with two charging terminals and two receiving terminals is used for explanation. In addition, the charging device and the electronic device may be wirelessly charged.

[0050] The types of charging and receiving terminals are not limited in this application. For example, the charging terminal may be a USB interface, pogopin, metal elastomer, or made of another conductive material. Naturally, the receiving terminal may alternatively be a USB interface, pogopin, metal elastomer, or made of another conductive material.

[0051] When the smart band needs to be charged, it is placed on the charging cradle, so that the first charging terminal 202A is connected to the first receiving terminal 201A and the second charging terminal 202B is connected to the second receiving terminal 201B. Furthermore, the charging cradle can transfer electrical energy to the smart band to charge it.

[0052] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another charging device and electronic device according to one embodiment of this application.

[0053] If the charging device is a charging case, the electronic device may be a headset, which includes a left earphone and a right earphone. When the headset needs to be charged, after the headset is placed in the charging case, the charging terminal 301 of the charging case is connected to the receiving terminal 302 of the headset, and the charging case can then transfer electrical energy to the headset to charge it.

[0054] To facilitate the explanation, the following describes the operating principle of charging an electronic device by a charging device, using an example where the charging device is a charging case and the electronic device is a headset.

[0055] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the charging of a charging case according to one embodiment of this application.

[0056] A charging interface (not shown) is located on the charging case 401. The charging case 401 can be connected to the adapter 402 by using the charging interface. After the adapter 402 is connected to a power source, the charging case 401 can be charged, so that the battery in the charging case has a certain amount of power. Therefore, when the charging case 401 is disconnected from the adapter 402, the charging case 401 can transfer electrical energy provided by the battery in the charging case to the earphones 403.

[0057] In addition, the charging case 401 may be further wirelessly charged using a wireless charging method, so the adapter 402 does not need to be directly connected to the charging case 401. The adapter 402 may be connected to a wireless charging device (e.g., a wireless charging cradle) that is compatible with the charging case 401, and the charging case 401 is wirelessly charged by using the wireless charging device.

[0058] Referring to Figure 2, in the process of the charging case 103 charging the earphones 102, the first controller 1031 controls the first DC-DC charger 1032 to convert the electrical energy provided by the first battery 1033, and then provides the converted electrical energy to the earphones 102 by using the first charging terminal 1034. After the earphones 102 receive the electrical energy by using the first receiving terminal 1035, the second controller 1036 controls the charger 1038 to convert the received electrical energy and charge the second battery 1037.

[0059] However, after the charger 1038 is placed inside the earphone 102, when charging the earphone 102, the charger 1038 inside the earphone 102 needs to convert the electrical energy provided by the charging case 103 and then provide the converted electrical energy to the second battery 1037. During the process in which the charger 1038 performs electrical energy conversion, power consumption occurs in the circuit. Therefore, the earphone 102 becomes hot, and the charging efficiency of the second battery decreases.

[0060] To solve the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of this application provide a charging device, an electronic device, a charging system, and a charging method. For ease of understanding, embodiments of the charging device and the implementation of the electronic device are integrated into the charging system for the purposes of the following description, and the charging device and the electronic device are not described separately. The charging system includes a charging device and an electronic device. In the process of the charging device charging the electronic device, the charging device may directly output a charging voltage and a charging current to the electronic device based on charging parameters, corresponding to the charging parameters. The charging parameters are obtained based on voltage information of a second battery, are related to the voltage of the second battery, and change with changes in the voltage of the second battery. The electronic device no longer includes a DC-DC charger. Therefore, in the charging system provided in embodiments of this application, since there is no Level 1 charger in the electronic device for electrical energy conversion, power consumption generated in the electronic device is reduced and the charging efficiency of the second battery is improved.

[0061] To better illustrate the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application to those skilled in the art, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0062] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the following describes the system embodiments directly, namely, the system includes a charging device and an electronic device. Specific embodiments and operating principles of the charging device and the electronic device are combined for illustrative purposes.

[0063] System Embodiment 1 Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a charging system according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0064] The charging system includes a charging device 601 and an electronic device 602.

[0065] The charging device 601 is configured to charge the electronic device 602.

[0066] The charging device 601 includes a first DC-DC charger 6012, a charging terminal 6013, a first battery 6014, and a second DC-DC charger 6017.

[0067] The first DC-DC charger 6012 is configured to charge the first battery 6014 after converting the DC power transmitted by the adapter, and is further configured to supply power to the second DC-DC charger 6017.

[0068] The input terminal of the second DC-DC charger 6017 is configured to receive the DC voltage output by the first DC-DC charger 6012, and the output terminal of the second DC-DC charger 6017 is connected to a charging terminal, which is configured to be connected to a receiving terminal of an electronic device.

[0069] The second DC-DC charger 6017 is configured to receive charging parameters transmitted by an electronic device, to obtain the charging parameters based on the voltage information of the second battery of the electronic device, to obtain the corresponding charging voltage and corresponding charging current based on the charging parameters, and to control the charging terminals to output the charging voltage and the charging terminals to output the charging current.

[0070] The charging parameters may include one or more of the following information: current and voltage of the second battery, battery temperature, state of charge (SOC), number of cycles (battery life), and path impedance voltage drop information. The charging device can obtain the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery, primarily by using the charging parameters.

[0071] Specifically, the output voltage and output current of the charging terminal may be detected, the output voltage may be compared with the charging voltage, and the output voltage of the charging terminal may be controlled to match the charging voltage based on the voltage comparison result, and the output current may be compared with the charging current, and the output current may be controlled to match the charging current based on the current comparison result.

[0072] In other words, the second DC-DC charger 6017 has both current loop control and voltage loop control, and can control the output voltage and output current in a closed-loop manner based on the charging parameters, so that the output voltage and output current meet the charging requirements of the second battery.

[0073] The electronic device 602 includes a second controller 6021, a charging path 6022, a receiving terminal 6023, and a second battery 6024.

[0074] The receiving terminal 6023 is configured to connect to the charging terminal of the charging device. The receiving terminal is configured to receive the output voltage and output current of the charging terminal. The output voltage matches the charging voltage of the second battery, and the output current matches the charging current of the second battery. Both the output voltage and output current are obtained by the charging device based on charging parameters transmitted by the electronic device.

[0075] The first end of the charging path 6022 is connected to the receiving terminal, and the second end of the charging path 6022 is connected to the second battery.

[0076] The second controller 6021 is configured to control the charging path to operate in a bypass state and charge the second battery when it is determined, based on the voltage of the second battery, that the charging phase is a constant current charging phase or a constant voltage charging phase.

[0077] The charging path 6022 has a simple impedance conversion function.

[0078] When the power of the charging device 601 is insufficient, that is, when the power of the first battery 6014 is insufficient, the input terminal of the first DC-DC charger 6012 is configured to connect to the adapter 6018, and the first terminal of the first DC-DC charger 6012 is configured to connect to the first battery 6014, in order to charge the first battery 6014 by using the adapter 6018. The first DC-DC charger 6012 may convert the electrical energy provided by the adapter 6018 and then provide the converted electrical energy to the first battery 6014 to charge the first battery 6014.

[0079] In addition, the first battery 6014 may be charged by another wireless charging method to ensure sufficient power for the charging device 601. When the charging device 601 charges the electronic device 602, the first terminal of the first DC-DC charger 6012 is configured to connect to the first battery 6014, and the second terminal of the first DC-DC charger 6012 is configured to connect to the input terminal of the first DC-DC charger 6017, so that the DC current output by the first DC-DC charger 6012 after converting the electrical energy of the first battery 6014 is supplied to the input terminal of the second DC-DC charger 6017. The output terminal of the second DC-DC charger is connected to the charging terminal 6013, which is configured to connect to the receiving terminal 6023 of the electronic device 602. The receiving terminal 6023 is configured to connect to the first terminal of the charging path 6022, which is configured to connect to the second battery 6024. The second DC-DC charger 6017 is configured to convert electrical energy based on the charging parameters of the second battery 6024 of the electronic device 602, so the charging terminal 6013 outputs a charging voltage and charging current corresponding to the charging parameters, the charging parameters are obtained based on the voltage information of the second battery 6024, and the charging parameters carry the charging voltage and charging current.

[0080] In the process of the charging device 601 charging the electronic device 602, the charging terminal 6013 of the charging device 601 is connected to the receiving terminal 6023 of the electronic device 602. Therefore, after the second DC-DC charger 6017 transmits the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery 6024 to the charging terminal 6013, the receiving terminal 6023 is configured to receive the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery 6024 and transmitted by the charging terminal 6013.

[0081] Since the first end of the charging path 6022 is connected to the receiving terminal 6023, the second end of the charging path 6022 is connected to the second battery 6024. After receiving the charging voltage and charging current transmitted by the charging terminal 6013, the receiving terminal 6023 may directly charge the second battery 6024.

[0082] In the process of charging the second battery 6024, the second controller 6021 is configured to control the charging path 6022 to operate in a bypass state when it determines, based on the voltage of the second battery 6024, that the charging phase is a constant current charging phase or a constant voltage charging phase. When the charging path 6022 operates in a bypass state, the bypass state means that the impedance of the charging path 6022 is minimized, so the receiving terminal 6023 is directly connected to the second battery 6024 to directly charge the second battery 6024. For example, if the charging path includes a switching transistor, the bypass state corresponds to the maximum open state, i.e., the fully open state, of the switching transistor. When the charging path operates in a bypass state, the bypass state corresponds to the bypass charging mode.

[0083] Note that the output voltage transmitted to the receiving terminal by the charging terminal matches the charging voltage of the second battery. Consistency does not mean that the output voltage is identical to the charging voltage of the second battery. In other words, the output voltage corresponds to, but is not identical to, the charging voltage of the second battery. Voltage drop occurs due to losses in the charging path. Generally, if the voltage drop is less than 150mV, the output voltage transmitted to the receiving terminal is considered to match the charging voltage of the second battery. This specification explains that voltage drop is unavoidable due to the presence of impedance in the path. Generally, the voltage drop can be less than 150mV. The ratio may be 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, etc., and the specific value depends on the switched-capacitor converter.

[0084] In Figure 6, Vsys represents a port located within the headset that supplies power to the second controller 6021 using the second battery 6024. Vsys has the same meaning in the following figures, and further details will not be explained again.

[0085] In the charging device 601 shown in Figure 6, Vbat represents the port to which the first DC-DC charger is connected to the first battery, and in the electronic device 602, Vbat represents the port to which the second battery is connected to the charging path. The meaning of Vbat in the charging device below is the same as the meaning of Vbat in the electronic device terminals, and further details will not be explained again.

[0086] In Figure 6, Vsys represents a port located within the headset that supplies power to the second controller 6021 using the second battery 6024. Vsys has the same meaning in the following figures, and further details will not be explained again. Similarly, in Figure 6, Vbat on the charger side represents the port to which the first DC-DC charger 6012 is connected to the first battery 6014, and Vbat on the headset side represents the port to which the charging path is connected to the second battery. Vbat has the same meaning in the following figures, and further details will not be explained again.

[0087] Compared to the charging system shown in Figure 2, in the charging system provided in Figure 6 of this embodiment of the present application, in the process of the charging device of the charging system charging an electronic device, the charging device can obtain a charging voltage and charging current based on the charging parameters of a second battery in the electronic device. Furthermore, the second DC-DC charger of the charging device may convert electrical energy based on the charging parameters and output a charging voltage and charging current corresponding to the charging parameters to charge the second battery. Since the electronic device does not need to convert electrical energy again, a Level 1 charger is saved and power consumption caused by electrical energy conversion performed by the charger is reduced. Therefore, according to the charging system provided in this embodiment of the present application, power consumption occurring in the electronic device can be reduced and the charging efficiency of the second battery can be improved.

[0088] The previously described embodiment illustrates the operating principle of the charging system. The following describes the operating procedure of the charging system in detail.

[0089] System Embodiment 2 Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of yet another charging system according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0090] The charging device 601 in the charging system further includes a first controller 6011.

[0091] Under different control policies, the first controller 6011 has different functions. The following describes the two policies.

[0092] Policy 1: The charging parameters of the second battery 6024 are obtained by the second controller 6021.

[0093] The first controller 6011 receives charging parameters transmitted by the second controller 6021 of the electronic device and transmits the charging parameters to the second DC-DC charger, the charging parameters being configured to carry the charging voltage and charging current corresponding to the second battery.

[0094] Specifically, the second controller 6021 may, after detecting the voltage information of the second battery 6024, obtain the charging parameters of the second battery 6024 based on the voltage information of the second battery 6024 and transmit the charging parameters to the first controller 6011.

[0095] The first controller 6011 is configured to receive charging parameters transmitted by the electronic device 602 and to transmit the charging parameters to the second DC-DC charger 6017.

[0096] After the second DC-DC charger 6017 receives the charging parameters, it can convert electrical energy based on the charging parameters, so that the charging terminal outputs an output voltage and output current corresponding to the charging parameters. Therefore, the second DC-DC charger 6017 can directly supply the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery 6024 to the electronic device 602.

[0097] Policy 2: The charging parameters of the second battery 6024 are obtained by the first controller 6011.

[0098] The first controller 6011 receives voltage information of the second battery transmitted by an electronic device, obtains corresponding charging parameters based on the voltage information of the second battery, and transmits the charging parameters to the second DC-DC charger, the charging parameters being configured to carry the charging voltage and charging current corresponding to the second battery.

[0099] Specifically, the first controller 6011 is configured to receive voltage information of the second battery 6024 transmitted by the electronic device 602, obtain corresponding charging parameters based on the voltage information of the second battery 6024, and transmit the charging parameters to the second DC-DC charger 6017.

[0100] Similarly, the second DC-DC charger 6017 may, after receiving the charging parameters, convert electrical energy to provide the electronic device 602 with the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery 6024.

[0101] Both the first controller 6011 and the second controller 6021 described in the above embodiments have their own I / O interfaces. In the event of an emergency, the charging process can be quickly interrupted by using the I / O interfaces. For the sake of simplicity, the I / O interfaces of the first controller 6011 and the second controller 6021 will not be described in detail in the following embodiments.

[0102] To facilitate explanation, Policy 2, mentioned above, is used as an example to illustrate the operating procedure of the charging system.

[0103] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the operation procedure of the charging system in two phases is described below. The two phases include a preparation phase and a charging phase.

[0104] Embodiment 2 describes the preparation phase of the charging system. The charging phase of the charging system will be described in detail in the subsequent Embodiment 3.

[0105] The following describes the preparation phase of the charging system.

[0106] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a charging system in the preparation phase according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0107] The second DC-DC charger 6017 of the charging device 601 includes a DC-DC converter circuit 801 and a first switch module S1. The DC-DC converter circuit 801 is configured to adjust the output voltage based on the voltage comparison result and to adjust the output current based on the current comparison result.

[0108] The input terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit 801 is connected to the input terminal of the second DC-DC charger 6017, the output terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit 801 is connected to the first terminal of the first switch module S1, the second terminal of the first switch module S1 is connected to the output terminal of the second DC-DC charger 6017, and the third terminal of the first switch module S1 is connected to the first communication interface UART of the first controller 6011.

[0109] The electronic device 602 further includes a third switch module S2.

[0110] The first end of the third switch module S2 is connected to the receiving terminal 6023, the second end of the third switch module S2 is connected to the first end of the charging path 6022, and the third end of the third switch module S2 is connected to the second communication interface UART of the second controller 6021.

[0111] From the figure, it can be seen that the initial state of the first switch module S1 may be that the third terminal and the second terminal of the first switch module S1 are connected, that is, the first communication interface UART and the charging terminal 6013 are connected, and the first switch module S1 is operating in communication mode. Alternatively, the initial state of the first switch module S1 may be that the first terminal and the second terminal of the first switch module S1 are connected, that is, the output terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit 801 and the charging terminal 6013 are connected, and the first switch module S1 is operating in charging mode.

[0112] Similarly, the initial state of the third switch module S2 may be that the first and second ends of the third switch module S2 are connected, that is, the first end of the charging path 6023 is connected to the receiving terminal 6023, and the third switch module S2 is operating in charging mode. Alternatively, the initial state of the third switch module S2 may be that the first and third ends of the third switch module S2 are connected, that is, the second communication interface UART is connected to the charging terminal 6023, and the third switch module S2 is operating in communication mode. Alternatively, the initial state of the third switch module S2 may be a high-impedance state, that is, neither the second nor the third end of the third switch module S2 is connected to the first end of the third switch module S2.

[0113] In the preparation phase of the charging system, the operating process of the charging system is determined by the initial state of the first switch module S1, and the operating process of the charging system is determined by the initial state of the third switch module S2. In other words, the operating process of the charging system is determined by the initial state of the first switch module S1 and the initial state of the third switch module S2.

[0114] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the operating procedures of the charging system in two different cases are described in detail below.

[0115] In the first example, the initial state of the first switch module S1 is that its first and second ends are connected, and the initial state of the third switch module S2 is a high impedance state.

[0116] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the initial state of a charging system according to one embodiment of this application.

[0117] From the diagram, it can be seen that in the charging device 601, the first switch module S1 operates in charging mode, the output terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit 801 is connected to the charging terminal 6013 by using the first switch module S1, and the first communication interface UART of the first controller 6011 and the charging terminal 6013 are disconnected, meaning that the first terminal and the second terminal of the first switch module S1 are connected.

[0118] In the electronic device 602, the third switch module S2 is in a high impedance state, that is, the receiving terminal 6023 is disconnected from the charging path, and the receiving terminal 6023 is disconnected from the second controller 6021.

[0119] The following uses the initial state shown in Figure 9 as an example to explain the operation procedure of the charging system in detail.

[0120] Figure 10 is an operation flowchart of the preparation phase of a charging system according to one embodiment of this application.

[0121] The operational process of the charging system's preparation phase includes the following steps:

[0122] Step 1001: When the charging device detects that the electronic device is in a predetermined position, it outputs a preset voltage to the electronic device.

[0123] When an electronic device needs to be charged, it needs to be connected to a charging device. Figure 5 is used as an example. The charging device is a charging case 401, and the electronic device is an earphone 403. When the earphone 403 needs to be charged, the charging case 401 may be opened, in which case the earphone 403 is placed in the charging case 401, and as a result the earphone 403 is charged.

[0124] The charging case 401 may begin detecting whether the earphones 403 are placed in the charging case after it has been opened. The method by which the charging case 401 detects whether the earphones are in a predetermined position is not limited in this application, and whether the earphones are in a predetermined position may be detected using a Hall effect sensor or another optical sensor, or by any other method.

[0125] The first state machine can determine that the electronic device is in a predetermined position based on the received handshake signal transmitted by the electronic device, and can notify the first controller that the electronic device is in the predetermined position.

[0126] When the charging case 401 detects that the earphone 403 is in a predetermined position, the charging case 401 outputs a voltage to the earphone 403.

[0127] If the charging case 401 detects that the earphone 403 is not in place, it continues to detect whether the earphone 403 is in place. In some scenarios, the user simply opens the charging case 401 without placing the earphone 403 in it, and then closes the charging case 401. After the charging case 401 is closed, if it detects that the earphone 403 is not in place, it no longer continues to detect whether the earphone 403 is in place. In this case, energy loss in the charging case is reduced.

[0128] In addition, in some scenarios, it may not be possible to detect whether the electronic device is in place, meaning that the position detection module is no longer placed inside the charger. Once it is determined that the handshake between the charger and the electronic device was successful, it can also be determined that the electronic device is in place. Compared to placing the position detection module inside the charger, not placing it inside the charger can reduce the size and cost of the charger. However, placing the position detection module inside the charger can provide a double guarantee for detecting whether the electronic device is in place.

[0129] In the process by which a charging device detects that an electronic device is in a predetermined position, the electronic device also detects whether it is in a predetermined position; that is, the electronic device detects whether it is connected to the charging device. For example, if the electronic device detects that the charging device has stopped outputting voltage, the electronic device can know that it is in a predetermined position.

[0130] The charging device detects that the electronic device is in a predetermined position, and after the electronic device detects that it is in a predetermined position, the charging device outputs a default preset voltage, for example, a preset voltage of 5V. To meet the actual requirements in the charging process, a person skilled in the art may, alternatively, set the preset voltage to a different value, for example, 4V or 6V.

[0131] After the charging device outputs a preset voltage to the electronic device, the charging device waits to receive the handshake signal transmitted by the electronic device.

[0132] After detecting a preset voltage output by the charging device, the electronic device considers that it is connected to the charging device.

[0133] Referring to Figure 5, in some scenarios, the user may use the earphones 403 to listen to music. If the earphones 403 have insufficient power, they may be placed in the charging case 401, which is then closed to charge the earphones 403. In this case, the earphones 403 automatically enter a preset state. After the earphones 403 enter the preset state, they detect a preset voltage output by the charging case at preset intervals.

[0134] Step 1002: The electronic device determines whether the second controller is in an active state, and if the second controller is in an active state, it performs step 1006, or if the second controller is in an inactive state, it performs step 1003.

[0135] When an electronic device is powered on, it means that the second controller is active, and when an electronic device is powered off, it means that the second controller is inactive.

[0136] When the second controller is active, it can acquire voltage information of the second battery in preparation for the next charging phase, and the electronic device can transmit the voltage information of the second battery to the charging device, so that the charging device acquires the charging current and charging voltage required by the electronic device to charge the electronic device based on the voltage information of the second battery.

[0137] When the second controller is inactive, the electronic device cannot transmit voltage information of the second battery to the charging device. Therefore, the charging device cannot know the charging voltage and charging current required by the electronic device and cannot charge the electronic device.

[0138] Therefore, after detecting the preset voltage output by the charging device, the electronic device needs to determine whether the second controller is in an active state.

[0139] Step 1003: When the electronic device detects that the output voltage of the charging device meets the requirements, it activates the second controller.

[0140] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of yet another charging system in the preparation phase according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0141] In the charging system, as shown in Figure 9, the second DC-DC charger of the charging device 601 further includes a first state machine 804, a modem 802, and a control loop 803.

[0142] The control loop in this embodiment includes a voltage loop and a current loop, and the input parameters of the control loop 803 include Iou and Vout. Iout is the detected output current of the charging terminal, and Vout is the detected output voltage of the charging terminal. Vout is compared with the charging voltage, and the output voltage of the charging terminal is controlled to match the charging voltage based on the voltage comparison result, thereby performing closed-loop control of the voltage loop. Iout is compared with the charging current, and the output current is controlled to match the charging current based on the current comparison result, thereby performing closed-loop control of the current loop. Iout and Vout in the figures in the following embodiments are the same and will not be described again in detail.

[0143] The second DC-DC charger 6017 in Figure 11 may be manufactured as a charger chip, i.e., all internal components of the second DC-DC charger 6017 are integrated into a single chip. Similarly, the second state machine 805, modulation module 806, charging path 6022, and third switch module S2 on the electronic device side of Figure 11 may also be integrated into a single chip. The following is the same and will not be described further.

[0144] The figure shows that the first controller 6011 in the charging device 601 can communicate with the first state machine 804 by using an IIC interface. Similarly, the second controller 6021 in the electronic device 602 communicates with the second state machine 805 by using an IIC interface. The IIC interface in the following figures has the same meaning and is not described herein.

[0145] The current I entering the demodulation module 802 in the figure carries information transmitted to the charging device by an electronic device. For example, the electronic device transmits a handshake signal to the charging device by modulating the current signal. In addition, I may carry other information, such as voltage information and charging parameters of the second battery.

[0146] Based on Figure 9, the electronic device 602 further includes a second state machine 805 and a modulation module 806.

[0147] From the figure, it can be seen that when the second controller 6021 is inactive, the second state machine 805 may be connected to the charging device 601 by using the receiving terminal 6023 and the charging terminal 6013, in which case the second state machine can receive the output voltage of the charging device 601. The second state machine 805 can determine whether the output voltage meets the requirements. If it determines that the output voltage meets the requirements, the second state machine adjusts the third switch module S2. In this case, the third switch module S2 operates in charging mode to pre-charge the electronic device 602 in order to activate the second controller 6021.

[0148] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of pre-charging of an electronic device according to one embodiment of this application.

[0149] When the electronic device is powered off, after detecting that the output voltage of the charger 601 meets the requirements, the second state machine 805 adjusts the third switch module S2 to operate in charging mode in order to pre-charge the electronic device 602.

[0150] Step 1004: The electronic device determines whether the power of the second battery is normal. If the electronic device determines that the power of the second battery is abnormal, it performs step 1005. If the electronic device determines that the power of the second battery is normal, it performs step 1006.

[0151] Step 1005: The electronic device generates feedback information.

[0152] After the duration for which the charging device pre-charges the electronic device exceeds a preset period, the second state machine determines whether the power of the second battery is normal, and if the power of the second battery is abnormal, it may generate feedback information, which is used to indicate that the second battery is abnormal. An abnormality in the second battery may mean that the battery is damaged.

[0153] The second state machine, after determining that the second battery is abnormal, adjusts the third switch module S2 so that the third switch module S2 enters a high-impedance state.

[0154] Step 1006: The electronic device sends a handshake signal to the charging device.

[0155] When an electronic device is powered on, it sends a handshake signal to the charging device in preparation for the subsequent charging phase.

[0156] Figures 13A and 13B are schematic diagrams of the modulation of a handshake signal according to one embodiment of this application.

[0157] The diagram shows that the modulation module 806 is configured to modulate the handshake signal. Specifically, the second state machine 805 controls the modulation module 806 to modulate the handshake signal and then transmits the modulated handshake signal to the receiving terminal 6023. Since the receiving terminal 6023 is connected to the charging device 601 using the charging terminal 6013, the electronic device 602 can transmit the handshake signal to the charging device 601 using the receiving terminal 6023 and the charging terminal 6013.

[0158] The specific form of the handshake signal is not limited to this embodiment of the present application. The handshake signal may be a current pulse signal as shown in Figures 13A and 13B. In Figures 13A and 13B, the feature string containing the current pulse signal is "110011", and the current pulse signal has 6 bits. In a particular embodiment, the current pulse signal may not have 6 bits, but may have, for example, 5 bits or 7 bits. Those skilled in the art may select a specific number of bits for the current pulse signal based on their actual requirements. In addition, parity bits and redundant bits may be further added to the feature string to prevent misreading.

[0159] Step 1007: Once the handshake is determined to be successful, the charging device stops outputting voltage to the electronic device.

[0160] When the charging device does not receive a handshake signal transmitted by an electronic device, the charging device continues to output a preset voltage for a preset period of time. If the charging device does not receive a handshake signal transmitted by an electronic device within the preset period, the charging device stops outputting the preset voltage, thereby reducing power loss in the charging system.

[0161] When a charging device receives a handshake signal transmitted by an electronic device, it must determine, based on the handshake signal, whether the handshake was successful. If the charging device determines that the handshake was successful, it stops outputting voltage to the electronic device in preparation for the subsequent communication process.

[0162] Figures 14A and 14B are schematic diagrams of the demodulation of a handshake signal according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0163] From the diagram, it can be seen that the demodulation module 802 in the diagram is configured to demodulate the handshake signal. Specifically, since the receiving terminal 6023 is connected to the charging device 601 by using the charging terminal 6013, the demodulation module 802 can receive the handshake signal transmitted by the electronic device 602 from the charging terminal 6013, demodulate the handshake signal after receiving it, generate a demodulation result, and transmit the demodulation result to the first state machine 804.

[0164] The first state machine 804 and the second state machine 805 may pre-set feature strings corresponding to the handshake signal. For example, the feature string is set to "110011". If the electronic device 602 sends a handshake signal to the charging device 601 and the demodulation module 802 demodulates the handshake signal, and the acquired feature string is also "110011", then the first state machine 804 confirms that the handshake between the charging device 601 and the electronic device 602 was successful. If the acquired feature string is "111000", i.e., not "110011", then the first state machine 804 confirms that the handshake between the charging device 601 and the electronic device 602 failed.

[0165] Therefore, the first state machine 804 can determine whether the handshake was successful based on the demodulation result generated by the demodulation module 802. If the handshake between the charger and the electronic device fails, the charger is determined to be incompatible with the electronic device, and the charging system formed by the incompatible charger and electronic device does not enter the charging phase.

[0166] If the first state machine determines, based on the demodulation results, that the handshake was successful, the first state machine sends an interrupt signal to the first controller, and the terminal signal is used to notify the first controller that the handshake was successful.

[0167] After the first controller learns that the handshake between the charging device and the electronic device has been successful, the first controller controls the second DC-DC charger to stop outputting voltage to the electronic device in preparation for communication between the charging device and the electronic device.

[0168] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a charging system after a successful handshake according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0169] Because the output voltage of the second DC-DC charger is high, the voltage across the capacitor (not shown) connected in parallel to the output port of the second DC-DC charger is high. However, when the first controller 6011 is operating, the voltage across the first controller 6011 is low. If the first switch module S1 is directly switched from charging mode to communication mode, the first controller 6011 will burn out.

[0170] Therefore, before the first switch module S1 connects the charging terminal 6013 to the first communication interface UART, the first state machine 804 disables the output of the DC-DC converter circuit 801 and does not control the first switch module S1 to connect the charging terminal 6013 to the first communication interface UART until the voltage of the charging terminal 6013 falls below a first preset threshold, even if the first switch module S1 is operating in communication mode.

[0171] In this case, the diagram shows that the first switch module S1 operates in communication mode.

[0172] After determining that the handshake between the charging device 601 and the electronic device 602 has been successful, the first controller 6011 must first control the second DC-DC charger to stop outputting voltage and connect to ground by using the adjustment module 806 in the electronic device 602, and then control the first switch module S1 to operate in communication mode when the voltage of the capacitor connected in parallel to the output port of the second DC-DC charger is lower than a first preset threshold.

[0173] Step 1008: The electronic device transmits voltage information of the second battery to the charger. After the charger stops outputting voltage to the electronic device, if the electronic device detects that the voltage at the receiving terminal is lower than a second preset threshold, the electronic device confirms that the handshake was successful and adjusts the third switch module to operate in communication mode.

[0174] Figure 16A is a schematic diagram of a charging system in a communication state according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0175] From the figure, it can be seen that the first switch module S1 operates in communication mode, and the second switch module S3 also operates in communication mode, so that communication can be performed between the charging device 601 and the electronic device 602. The communication process between the charging device 601 and the electronic device 602 will be described in detail below with reference to Figure 16A.

[0176] After communication is established between the charging device and the charging equipment, the second controller can acquire voltage information of the second battery based on the status information of the second battery and transmit the voltage information of the second battery to the first controller using the second communication interface, receiving terminal, charging terminal, and first communication interface.

[0177] After receiving voltage information of the second battery transmitted by the electronic device, the charging device may determine, based on the voltage information of the second battery, whether the power of the second battery is greater than a preset power threshold, and further determine whether to charge the electronic device.

[0178] If the power of the second battery exceeds a preset power threshold, it indicates that the electronic device will have a long standby time and will not enter the charging phase. This reduces the number of times the charging device needs to be charged.

[0179] If the current of the second battery is below a preset power threshold, it indicates that the standby time of the electronic device is short and that the electronic device is ready to enter the charging phase to charge itself. This increases the standby time of the electronic device.

[0180] The preset power threshold is not limited in this application. The preset power threshold may be 85% of the total capacity of the second battery. Those skilled in the art may set the preset power threshold to a different value, for example, 90% or 95%, based on their actual requirements.

[0181] When it is determined that an electronic device needs to be charged, the charging device adjusts the operating modes of the first and third switch modules in the electronic device to ensure that both the first and third switch modules operate in charging mode during the subsequent charging phase.

[0182] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the pre-charging of an electronic device. In this step, the operating modes of the first switch module S1 and the third switch module S2 are the same when the charging device pre-charges the electronic device. The operating modes of the first switch module S1 and the third switch module S2 in this step will be described in detail below with reference to Figure 12.

[0183] Specifically, when the charging device 601 charges the electronic device 602, the first state machine 804 controls the first switch module S1 to connect the charging terminal 6013 to the output terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit 801, and the second state machine 805 controls the third switch module S2 to connect the receiving terminal 6023 to the first end of the charging path 6022.

[0184] Step 1009: The charging device obtains the charging parameters of the second battery based on the voltage information of the second battery, and outputs the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery to the electronic device based on the charging parameters.

[0185] After the electronic device transmits the voltage information of the second battery to the charging device, the first controller of the charging device can receive the voltage information of the second battery.

[0186] After the charging device receives voltage information for the second battery, the first controller can obtain charging parameters for the second battery based on the voltage information for the second battery.

[0187] After the first controller obtains the charging parameters of the second battery, the first controller transmits the charging parameters to the first state machine, which then outputs the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery to the electronic device based on the charging parameters.

[0188] Referring to Figure 12, the control loop 803 includes a voltage loop and a current loop. In the process of the charging device charging an electronic device, the control loop 803 is configured to perform closed-loop control over the charging voltage and charging current output by the DC-DC converter circuit 801. For example, the first state machine is configured to control the DC-DC converter circuit to perform electrical energy conversion based on the voltage comparison results and current comparison results. The first state machine adjusts the output voltage and output current based on the voltage comparison results and current comparison results.

[0189] The above describes the operating procedure of a charging system including a charging device and electronic devices. The following describes the operating procedure of the charging device and the operating procedure of the electronic devices separately.

[0190] Figures 16B-1, 16B-2, and 16B-3 are operation flowcharts of a charging device and electronic device according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0191] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the following describes the operation procedures of a charging device and an electronic device using an example in which the charging device is a charging case and the electronic device is a headset.

[0192] First, the operation process of the charging case will be explained. When the charging case charges the headset, the operation process of the charging case includes the following steps.

[0193] Step 1101: Place the headset in the case.

[0194] If the headset needs charging, place it in the charging case.

[0195] Step 1102: Set S1 to the charging side by default and output the pre-set voltage.

[0196] Step 1103: Determine whether there is a handshake signal. If there is a handshake signal, perform step 1104; otherwise, perform step 1105.

[0197] Step 1104: Disable the output of the pre-set voltage and set S1 to the communication side.

[0198] After detecting the handshake signal transmitted by the headset, the charging case disables the output of a preset voltage and sets S1 to the communication side.

[0199] Step 1105: Output a preset voltage over a fixed period of time.

[0200] If the handshake signal is still not received within a fixed period, charging will be terminated.

[0201] Step 1106: The headset communicates and retrieves battery information.

[0202] Step 1107: Determine if the battery is fully charged. If the battery is fully charged, perform step 1108; otherwise, perform step 1109.

[0203] The charging case will either stop charging when it detects that the headset is fully charged, or continue charging when it detects that the headset is not fully charged.

[0204] Step 1108: End charging.

[0205] Step 1109: Set S1 to the charging side.

[0206] Step 1110: Set the corresponding charging voltage and charging current based on the battery information.

[0207] Step 1111: Start charging.

[0208] Step 1112: Receive an interrupt instruction.

[0209] Step 1113: Switch the communication channel, then perform step 1104.

[0210] The following describes the operation process of the headset. The process of the charging case charging the headset includes the following steps:

[0211] Step 1201: Detect the input voltage to determine the predetermined position.

[0212] Step 1202: Determine whether the headset will turn on. If the headset will turn on, perform Step 1206; otherwise, perform Step 1203.

[0213] Step 1203: Set S2 to the charging side.

[0214] Step 1204: Activate and start the system.

[0215] When the headset is powered off, the headset is pre-charged to activate and start the headset system.

[0216] Step 1205: Determine whether the battery capacity is normal after a predetermined period of time. If the battery capacity is normal, perform step 1206; otherwise, perform step 1207.

[0217] Step 1206: Send the handshake signal.

[0218] Step 1207: Report a battery failure.

[0219] Step 1208: Determine whether the input voltage is dropping. If the input voltage is dropping, perform step 1211; otherwise, perform step 1209.

[0220] Step 1209: Set S2 to a high impedance state.

[0221] When the input voltage drops, it indicates that the handshake between the headset and the charging case was successful, meaning the headset is properly fitted to the charging case. When the input voltage does not drop, it indicates that the handshake between the headset and the charging case failed, meaning the headset is not properly fitted to the charging case.

[0222] Step 1210: Report an unauthorized charging case.

[0223] Step 1211: Set S3 as the communication side.

[0224] Step 1212: Transfer the headset battery information.

[0225] Step 1213: Set S2 to the charging side.

[0226] Step 1214: Start charging.

[0227] Step 1215: Determine if the battery is fully charged. If the battery is fully charged, perform step 1217; otherwise, perform step 1216.

[0228] Step 1216: Transfer the relevant adjustment signals, and then perform step 1211.

[0229] Step 1217: Transfer the charging completion signal.

[0230] The above describes the charging device using the charging case as an example, and the electronic device using the headset as an example. For the process of interaction between the charging case and the headset during the charging of the headset, please refer to Figure 10 and steps 1001 to 1009. Details will not be explained again here. In the first example, the charging device communicates with the wearable settings in advance. The charging device can obtain voltage information of the second battery transmitted by the electronic device, and then the first controller can obtain charging parameters for the second battery based on the voltage information of the second battery. Furthermore, the first state machine can control the DC-DC converter circuit to output directly to the second battery the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery to charge the second battery, based on the charging parameters.

[0231] The first case has been described above, and the second case will be explained below.

[0232] The second example is that the initial state of the first switch module S1 is that its third terminal and second terminal are connected, and the initial state of the third switch module S2 is that its first terminal and third terminal are connected.

[0233] In the second example, both the initial state of the first switch module S1 and the initial state of the third switch module S2 of the charging system are operating in communication mode.

[0234] The following describes the operation process of the charging system in detail.

[0235] Figure 17 is an operation flowchart of the preparation phase of yet another charging system according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0236] The operational process of the charging system's preparation phase includes the following steps:

[0237] Step 1701: When the charging device detects that the electronic device is in a predetermined position, it determines whether a communication request transmitted by the electronic device has been received, and if a communication request transmitted by the electronic device has been received, it performs step 1708, or if a communication request transmitted by the electronic device has not been received, it performs step 1702.

[0238] In step 1701, the specific process by which the charging device detects whether the electronic device is in a predetermined position is the same as the process in step 1001, and the details will not be explained again here.

[0239] If the charging device detects that the electronic device is in the designated position, the third switch module S2 operates in communication mode by default. If the charging device does not detect that the electronic device is in the designated position, the third switch module S2 is in a high-impedance state by default. For the step of the charging device detecting whether the electronic device is in the designated position, please refer to the previous explanation. Details will not be explained again here.

[0240] When the electronic device 602 is powered off, the second controller 6021 is not activated, and furthermore, the second controller 6021 cannot communicate with the first controller 6011 by using the second communication interface UART, the receiving terminal 6023, the charging terminal 6013, and the first communication interface UART. Therefore, after detecting the output voltage of the receiving terminal 6023, the second state machine 805 first controls the third switch module S2 to operate in charging mode to pre-charge the second battery 6024 in order to activate the second controller 6021.

[0241] Figure 16A is a schematic diagram of the initial state of yet another electronic device.

[0242] When the electronic device 602 shown in Figure 16A is powered on, the second controller 6021 is in an active state. In this case, the third switch module S2 operates in communication mode. Therefore, the second controller 6021 can communicate with the first controller 6011 by using the second communication interface UART, the receiving terminal 6023, the charging terminal 6013, and the first communication interface UART to perform communication between the charging device 601 and the electronic device 602.

[0243] In contrast to the first example, in the second example, after the charging device 601 detects that the electronic device 602 is in a predetermined position, the electronic device 602 may first send a communication request to the charging device 601. After receiving the charging request, the charging device may determine that the charging device 601 is compatible with the electronic device 602, and the electronic device 602 does not need to send a handshake signal to the charging device 601 again.

[0244] Step 1702: The charging device outputs a preset voltage to the electronic device.

[0245] After the charging device detects that the electronic device is in a predetermined position, the electronic device actively sends a communication request to the charging device. If the charging device does not receive the communication request sent by the electronic device, the charging device determines that the electronic device is in a powered-off state. The powered-off state is caused by insufficient power from the second battery in the electronic device, and when the electronic device is in a powered-off state, the second controller in the electronic device is not activated.

[0246] If the second controller within the electronic device is not activated, communication requests cannot be sent. Therefore, the charging device needs to pre-charge the electronic device in order to activate the second controller so that the second controller can send communication requests to the first controller.

[0247] Step 1703: When the electronic device detects that the output voltage of the charging device meets the requirements, it activates the second controller.

[0248] The initial state of the first switch module S1 is that the third terminal and the second terminal of the first switch module S1 are conductive, that is, the first switch module S1 is operating in communication mode.

[0249] In order for the charging device 601 to pre-charge the electronic device 602, the operating mode of the first switch module S1 needs to be adjusted to the charging mode.

[0250] Specifically, the first state machine 804 controls the first and second ends of the first switch module S1 to be connected, that is, it controls the first switch module S1 to operate in charging mode.

[0251] When the first switch module S1 operates in charging mode, the output terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit 801 is connected to the charging terminal 6013, and further, the first state machine 804 controls the DC-DC converter circuit 801 to output a preset voltage for pre-charging the electronic device 602.

[0252] After pre-charging the electronic device 602 for a predetermined period, the charging device 601 may activate the second controller 6021.

[0253] For steps 1004 through 1009, please refer to Figure 10. Further details will not be explained here.

[0254] The above describes the operating procedure of a charging system including a charging device and electronic devices. The following describes the operating procedure of the charging device and the operating procedure of the electronic devices separately.

[0255] Figures 18A and 18B are operation flowcharts of yet another charging device and electronic device according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0256] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the following describes the operation procedures of a charging device and an electronic device using an example in which the charging device is a charging case and the electronic device is a headset.

[0257] First, the operation process of the charging case will be explained. When the charging case charges the headset, the operation process of the charging case includes the following steps.

[0258] Step 1801: Perform a predetermined position detection.

[0259] Step 1802: Set S1 as the communication side by default.

[0260] Step 1803: Attempt to communicate. If the communication is successful, perform Step 1106, or if the communication fails, perform Step 1804.

[0261] The charging case attempts to communicate with the headset.

[0262] Step 1804: Output a preset voltage.

[0263] Step 1805: Receive a handshake signal and report a communication command.

[0264] After receiving the handshake signal transmitted by the headset, the charging case notifies the first controller to prepare for communication with the second controller in the headset.

[0265] For Steps 1106 to 1113, please refer to FIG. 16B-1. Details will not be described again here. In Step 1108, after charging is completed, the charging case sets S1 as the communication side by default.

[0266] The following describes the operation process of the headset. In the process of the charging case charging the headset, the operation process of the headset includes the following steps.

[0267] Step 1901: Put the headset into the case. Step 1902: Determine whether to turn on the headset. If the headset is turned on, perform Step 1903, or if the headset is not turned on, perform Step 1904.

[0268] Step 1903: Set S2 as the communication side by default.

[0269] Step 1904: Set S2 as the charging side by default.

[0270] For steps 1205, 1207, and 1212-1217, please refer to Figure 10. Further details will not be explained here.

[0271] Step 1908: Send the handshake signal and set S2 to the communication side.

[0272] When the headset has sufficient power, it sends a handshake signal to the charging case to notify the charging case to communicate with the headset.

[0273] In contrast to the first example, in the second example, the initial state of the first switch module is that the third and second ends of the first switch module are connected. That is, when the first switch module operates in communication mode, the electronic device may first send a communication request to the charger by using the second controller. After receiving the communication request, the first controller of the charger may determine that the electronic device is compatible with the charger, so the electronic device does not need to send a handshake signal to the charger again, thereby simplifying the operation process of the charging system.

[0274] System Embodiment 3 The preparation phase of the charging system is described in the above-mentioned embodiment, and the charging phase of the charging system is described in this embodiment.

[0275] When the charging system is in the charging phase, the charging device charges the electronic device. The first state machine controls the first switch module to connect the charging terminals to the output terminals of the DC-DC converter circuit and controls the DC-DC converter circuit to perform electrical energy conversion based on the charging parameters, so that the DC-DC converter circuit can directly output the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery.

[0276] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the charging phase of a charging system according to one embodiment of this application.

[0277] The diagram shows that the charging phases of the charging system include a trickle charging phase, a constant current charging phase, a constant voltage charging phase, and a charging termination phase. In the trickle charging phase, the electronic device uses LDO charging mode. In the constant current charging phase and the constant voltage charging phase, the electronic device uses bypass charging mode.

[0278] This embodiment does not particularly limit the number of phases into which the constant current charging phase is divided, and the constant current charging phase may be divided into multiple phases, for example, CC1 phase, CC2 phase, and CC3 phase. CV in the figure indicates the constant voltage charging phase. CV1, CV2, and CV3 indicate voltage thresholds for distinguishing the CC1 phase, CC2 phase, and CC3 phase during the constant current charging phase.

[0279] In the trickle charging phase, the second battery is charged using the illustrated LDO charging mode. When the voltage of the second battery reaches the pre-charge threshold, the second state machine within the electronic device actively generates an INT interrupt using the I / O interface, so that the electronic device communicates with the charger and transfers the charging parameters of the second battery. In this case, the charger charges the electronic device based on the charging parameters of the second battery. If the voltage of the second battery is below the pre-charge threshold, the charging phase corresponding to the second battery is the trickle charging phase. Therefore, the amount of communication required between the electronic device and the charger to complete the entire charging process is minimal.

[0280] In the diagram, curve A represents the voltage of the second battery, and curve B represents the charging current of the second battery.

[0281] When the second battery has a different voltage, it is in a different charging phase. Therefore, the charging phase of the second battery can be determined based on the voltage information of the second battery.

[0282] A second controller within the electronic device can acquire voltage information for the second battery and determine the charging phase of the second battery based on this voltage information. The trickle charging phase, constant current charging phase, constant voltage charging phase, and charging termination phase are described in detail separately below.

[0283] Figure 19 shows that when the voltage of the second battery of the electronic device is below the pre-charge threshold, the charging device can determine that the charging phase of the second battery is a trickle charging phase during the charging of the electronic device.

[0284] The pre-charge threshold is not limited in this application. The pre-charge threshold may be 2.8V or 3V. Those skilled in the art can select an appropriate pre-charge threshold based on their actual requirements.

[0285] Referring to Figure 12, during the trickle charging phase, the charging device 601 outputs a relatively small voltage to the electronic device 602 in order to maintain the operation of the second controller 6021 of the electronic device 602. In this case, the second controller 6021 can adjust the impedance of the charging path to maintain the charging of the second battery 6024 with a relatively small, constant charging current during the trickle charging phase.

[0286] In the trickle charging phase, as the charging time increases, the power of the second battery 6024 increases, and the voltage of the second battery 6024 also increases. The second controller 6021 can detect the voltage of the second battery 6024 in real time or at preset intervals. When the second controller 6021 detects that the voltage of the second battery 6024 is above a pre-charge threshold, the charging phase of the second battery 6024 changes from the trickle charging phase to the constant current charging phase.

[0287] The second controller 6021 can detect the voltage information of the second battery and perform active interrupts. Therefore, the charging device establishes a communication connection with the electronic device and further adjusts the charging voltage and charging current.

[0288] In the process of the constant current charging phase, the second controller 6021 can transfer information to the second state machine 805 by using the IIC interface. Therefore, the second state machine 805 controls the modulation module 806 to send a pulse signal to the charging device, and the first state machine 804 controls the demodulation module 802 to send the demodulation result generated after the demodulation module 802 demodulates the pulse signal to the first controller 6011, and notifies the first controller 6011 to prepare for communication with the second controller 6021. In this case, the first controller 6011 receives the voltage information of the second battery 6024 transmitted by the second controller 6021.

[0289] For the specific process in which the second controller 6021 transmits the voltage information of the second battery 6024 to the first controller 6011, please refer to Embodiment 2. The details will not be described again here.

[0290] After receiving the voltage information of the second battery 6024 transmitted by the second controller, the first controller 6011 obtains the charging parameters of the second battery 6024 based on the voltage information of the second battery 6024 and transmits the charging parameters to the second DCDC charger. The second DCDC charger includes a DCDC conversion circuit 801. The DCDC conversion circuit 801 can output the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery 6024 to the charging terminal 6013 based on the charging parameters of the second battery 6024.

[0291] In another case, the second controller 6021 may pre-acquire the charging parameters of the second battery 6024 based on the voltage information of the second battery 6024 and transmit the charging parameters to the first controller 6011.

[0292] Unlike the voltage information of the second battery 6024, which is transmitted by the second controller 6021, the charge parameters of the second battery 6024 are obtained by the second controller 6021, not the first controller 6011.

[0293] To enable the charging voltage and charging current output to the charging terminal 6013 by the DC-DC converter circuit 801 to be directly transmitted to the second battery 6024, the second controller 6021 controls the charging path 6022 to operate in a bypass state to charge the second battery 6024.

[0294] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of a charging path according to one embodiment of this application.

[0295] From the figure, it can be seen that when the second controller 6021 controls the charging path 6022 to operate in a bypass state, the impedance of the charging path is minimized, so the charging device 601 directly charges the second battery 6024 of the electronic device 602 by using the charging voltage and charging current output by the charging terminal 6013.

[0296] Specific embodiments of the charging path are not limited in this application. A detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0297] Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of yet another charging path according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0298] The charging path includes a second switch module S3.

[0299] The first end of the second switch module S3 is the first end of the charging path 6022, and the second end of the second switch module S3 is the second end of the charging path 6022.

[0300] The impedance of the second switch module S3 is adjustable. The second controller 6021 adjusts the impedance of the second switch module S3 when it determines that the charging phase of the charging system is a constant current charging phase, so that the impedance of the second switch module S3 is minimized, and nearly achieves direct connection between the first end of the charging path 6022 and the second end of the charging path 6022. Thus, the charging device 601 directly charges the second battery 6024 of the electronic device 602 by using the charging voltage and charging current output by the charging terminal 6013.

[0301] In actual circuit design, the second switch module may be implemented by using multiple controllable switching transistors.

[0302] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of a second switch module according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0303] The specific embodiments of S3 are not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application. S3 may be implemented using one switching transistor or using multiple switching transistors. For ease of understanding by those skilled in the art, the following uses two switching transistors as an example for illustrative purposes.

[0304] The second switch module S3 includes two MOS transistors connected in series.

[0305] As shown in the figure, the second switch module S3 includes a first MOS transistor Q1 and a second MOS transistor Q2, with the antiparallel diodes of Q1 and Q2 having opposite directions. Q1 and Q2 are connected in series, with the first end of Q1 being the first end of the second switch module S3, the second end of Q1 being connected to the first end of Q2, and the second end of Q2 being the second end of the second switch module S3.

[0306] The second controller 6021 can minimize the impedance of the second switch module S3 by adjusting the states of Q1 and Q2 when it determines that the charging phase of the charging system is a constant current charging phase, so that the charging device 601 directly charges the second battery 6024 of the electronic device 602 by using the charging voltage and charging current output by the charging terminal 6013.

[0307] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of yet another second switch module according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0308] Compared to the second switch module shown in Figure 22, the second switch module S3 further includes a third MOS transistor Q3, which is connected in parallel across the series-connected Q1 and Q2. The first terminal of the third MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the first terminal of the first MOS transistor Q1, and the second terminal of the third MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the second terminal of the second MOS transistor Q2.

[0309] When the second controller 6021 determines that the charging phase of the charging system is a constant current charging phase, the second controller 6021 does not need to adjust the states of Q1 and Q2, but controls Q3 to turn on, thereby bypassing the series-connected Q1 and Q2. In this case, the impedance of the second switch module S3 is minimized, so the charging device 601 directly charges the second battery 6024 of the electronic device 602 by using the charging voltage and charging current output by the charging terminal 6013.

[0310] In addition, the electronic device 602 in the charging system shown in Figures 21 to 23 may further include a switched-capacitor converter.

[0311] For the sake of clarity, the example shown in Figure 21, in which a switched-capacitor converter is additionally added to the charging system, will be used below for the purposes of this explanation.

[0312] Figure 24A is a schematic diagram of yet another charging path according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0313] The charging path of the electronic device 602 further includes a switched-capacitor converter 807.

[0314] The switched-capacitor converter 807 is connected in series with the second switch module S3.

[0315] The input terminal of the switched-capacitor converter 807 is connected to the second terminal of the third switch module S2, and the output terminal of the switched-capacitor converter 807 is connected to the first terminal of the second switch module S3.

[0316] However, in the actual process of the charging device 601 charging the electronic device 602, the switched-capacitor converter 807 can boost the voltage input to the switched-capacitor converter 807 and then output the boosted voltage, so that voltage regulation can be performed, the charging voltage of the second battery can be increased, and the charging efficiency of the second battery can be improved. Switched-capacitor converters in subsequent embodiments can also perform the above functions, details of which will not be described further.

[0317] In the actual charging process, considering that segmentation is performed again during the constant current charging phase based on the voltage of the second battery due to the influence of the internal resistance of the second battery, the charging efficiency of the second battery is further improved.

[0318] In this application, the number of segments into which the constant current charging phase is specifically divided is not limited, and the constant current charging phase is divided into at least two segments. A person skilled in the art may select a specific number of segments based on actual requirements.

[0319] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the following provides a detailed explanation using an example in which the first segment, second segment, and third segment are divided.

[0320] In the constant-current charging phase, as the charging time increases, the voltage of the second battery also increases, i.e., the voltage of the second battery changes. After the voltage of the second battery changes, the charging voltage and charging current output by the charging device may also change accordingly to ensure the charging efficiency of the second battery.

[0321] For example, the voltage of the second battery, which is 4.1V or less, corresponds to the first segment. In the first segment of the constant current charging phase, the charger outputs 3C to charge the electronic device. The voltage of the second battery, which is greater than 4.1V but 4.2V or less, corresponds to the second segment. In the second segment of the constant current charging phase, the charger outputs 2C to charge the electronic device. The voltage of the second battery, which is greater than 4.2V but 4.3V or less, corresponds to the third segment. In the third segment of the constant current charging phase, the charger outputs 1C to charge the electronic device.

[0322] The charging voltage and charging current corresponding to the first segment, the second segment, and the third segment are not particularly limited in this application. The charging voltage and charging current may be obtained based on the voltage information of the second battery. Further details are described below.

[0323] When the charging device charges the electronic device, a second controller inside the electronic device can obtain the voltage of the second battery.

[0324] When the second controller detects that the voltage of the second battery is greater than 4.1V, it transmits the corresponding voltage information of the second battery to the first controller at that moment, so that the charging device knows that the voltage of the second battery of the electronic device has changed. Based on the voltage information of the second battery, the first controller obtains the charging parameters of the second battery and transmits the charging parameters to the second DC-DC charger, so that the second DC-DC charger directly outputs the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery. In this case, the charging efficiency of the second battery is improved.

[0325] Specifically, when the second controller needs to communicate with the first controller, the second controller can transfer information to the second state machine 805 by using the IIC interface. The second state machine 805 then controls the modulation module 806 to send a pulse signal to the charging device, and the first state machine 804 controls the demodulation module 802 to notify the first controller 6011 to prepare for communication with the second controller by sending the demodulation result generated after the demodulation of the pulse signal by the demodulation module 802.

[0326] Similarly, when the second controller detects that the voltage of the second battery is greater than 4.2V, the second controller transmits the voltage information of the second battery corresponding to that moment to the first controller, so that the charging device outputs the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery to the electronic device and charges the second battery.

[0327] In addition, the second controller can also detect voltage information of the second battery at predetermined intervals and transmit the detected voltage information to the charging device, so that the second DC-DC charger outputs the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery. In this case, the charging device efficiently charges the electronic device.

[0328] When the voltage of the second battery rises to the constant voltage charging threshold, the charging system enters the constant voltage charging phase.

[0329] The constant voltage charging threshold is not limited in this application. The constant voltage charging threshold may be any value between 4.15V and 4.35V. For example, the constant voltage charging threshold is 4.3V.

[0330] In an actual charging process, it is impossible for the voltage of the second battery to remain completely unchanged during the constant voltage charging phase; in other words, the voltage of the second battery also changes. Similarly, the segmentation process used in the constant current charging phase may also be used during the constant voltage charging phase.

[0331] In the constant voltage charging phase, the second controller also needs to control the charging path to operate in a bypass state in order to minimize the impedance of the charging path. In this case, the charging device directly charges the second battery of the electronic device by using the charging voltage and charging current output by the charging terminals.

[0332] Referring to Figure 19, in the constant voltage charging phase, the charging current decreases as the charging time increases. When the charging current is below the charging termination threshold, the second controller determines that the second battery is close to full power, and the second controller may terminate charging by adjusting the impedance of the charging path and then using a small current. When the second controller determines that the second battery is at full power, it may terminate charging by directly disconnecting the charging device.

[0333] The switched-capacitor converter described above is connected in series with the second switch module. Alternatively, the switched-capacitor converter may be connected in parallel with the second switch module. The following explanation will be provided with reference to Figure 24B.

[0334] Figure 24B is a schematic diagram of yet another charging path according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0335] From the diagram, it can be seen that the charging path includes a switched-capacitor converter 807, a safety switch S4, and a second switch module S3.

[0336] The first terminal of the switched-capacitor converter 807 is connected to the second terminal of the third switch module S2, the second terminal of the switched-capacitor converter 807 is connected to the second terminal of the second switch module S3, the first terminal of the safety switch S4 is connected to the first terminal of the switched-capacitor converter 807, and the second terminal of the safety switch S4 is connected to the first terminal of the second switch module S3.

[0337] The safety switch S4 is turned off during the constant voltage or constant current charging phase, so that electrical energy is directly charged to the second battery 6024 by using the switched-capacitor converter 807. The second battery 6024 can supply power to the second controller 6021 by using S3. In other charging phases, the safety switch is controlled to turn on. For example, during the trickle charging or pre-charging phase, S4 is turned on, and current passes through S4 and S3 to charge the second battery 6024.

[0338] Since the impedance of the second switch module S3 is adjustable, the impedance of the charging path can be controlled for different charging phases.

[0339] The second controller 6021 acquires the corresponding charging phase based on the voltage information of the second battery, and controls the second switch module S3 to turn off and the switched-capacitor converter 807 to operate in a bypass state if the charging phase is a constant-current charging phase or a constant-voltage charging phase, so that the charging path operates in a bypass state, and controls the second switch module S3 to turn on if the charging phase is a trickle charging phase. In other words, the second controller 6021 controls the switched-capacitor converter 807 and the second switch module S3 to operate in different states for different charging phases. In addition to improving the charging efficiency of the second battery 6024 in the constant-voltage charging phase and the constant-current charging phase, the charging efficiency of the second battery 6024 in the charging phase can also be improved.

[0340] System Embodiment 4 In the charging system described in the above-mentioned embodiment, charging needs to be turned off when the charging device communicates with an electronic device. In the charging system described below, the communication process can be carried out without turning off charging when the charging device communicates with an electronic device.

[0341] Figure 25A is a schematic diagram of another charging system according to one embodiment of this application.

[0342] The charging system includes a charging device 601 and an electronic device 602. A carrier communication module is located in both the charging device 601 and the electronic device 602.

[0343] The charging device 601 includes a first carrier communication module 2501, and the electronic device 602 includes a second communication module 2502.

[0344] The first end of the first carrier communication module 2501 is connected to the SPI interface of the first controller 6011, and the first end of the second carrier communication module 2502 is connected to the SPI interface of the second controller 6021.

[0345] When the charging device 601 needs to communicate with the electronic device 602, the charging device 601 and the electronic device 602 can communicate with each other by using the first carrier communication module 2501 and the second carrier communication module 2502.

[0346] For example, electronic device 602 communicates and receives voltage information of a second battery transmitted by a second carrier communication module 2502.

[0347] Figure 25B is a waveform diagram of a pulse signal according to one embodiment of this application.

[0348] The specific shape of the pulse signal waveform diagram is not limited in this application. For the sake of simplicity, the pulse signal waveform diagram shown in Figure 25B is used below as an example for illustrative purposes.

[0349] The waveform diagram is a waveform diagram of a pulse signal acquired after the second carrier communication module 2502 modulates the voltage information of the second battery. After the second carrier communication module 2502 transmits the modulated voltage information to the first carrier communication module 2501, the first carrier communication module can demodulate the waveform diagram of the pulse signal, and then the electronic device 602 can transfer the voltage information of the second battery to the charging device 601. In Figure 25B, 5V is the reference voltage. If the voltage is greater than 5V, the feature string corresponding to the pulse signal is "1", and if the voltage is less than 5V, the feature string corresponding to the pulse signal is "0". Information is transmitted between the first carrier communication module 2501 and the second carrier communication module 2502 by transmitting a pulse signal corresponding to a preset feature string, and the feature string can be used to represent the voltage information of the second battery. In addition, the feature string may also represent other information, such as a handshake signal, charging parameters of the second battery, or control information.

[0350] In order to perform communication between the charging device 601 and the electronic device 602, the second controller 6021 transmits voltage information of the second battery 6024 to the first carrier communication module 2501 using the second carrier communication module 2502, and the first controller 6011 receives voltage information of the second battery 6024 using the first carrier communication module 2501.

[0351] Furthermore, after acquiring the voltage information of the second battery 6024, the first controller 6011 can acquire the charging parameters of the second battery 6024 based on the voltage information of the second battery 6024, and the second DC-DC charger 6017 can then output the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery 6024 based on the charging parameters.

[0352] In an alternative type of communication, the second controller 6021 may, instead, pre-obtain the charging parameters of the second battery 6024 based on the voltage information of the second battery 6024, and then, in order to carry out communication between the charging device 601 and the electronic device 602, the second controller 6021 transmits the charging parameters of the second battery 6024 to the first carrier communication module 2501 by using the second carrier communication module 2502, and the first controller 6011 receives the charging parameters of the second battery 6024 by using the first carrier communication module 2501.

[0353] Furthermore, the first controller 6011 can directly obtain the charging parameters of the second battery 6024, and the second DC-DC charger 6017 outputs the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery 6024 based on the charging parameters.

[0354] As the charging time increases, the power of the second battery 6024 changes, and furthermore, the voltage of the second battery 6024 also changes. In order to enable the second DC-DC charger 6017 to output the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery 6024, the second controller 6021 may transmit voltage information or charging parameters of the second battery 6024 to the first controller 6011 at preset intervals by using the second carrier communication module 2502 and the first carrier communication module 2501. Even if the power of the second battery 6024 changes, the second DC-DC charger 6017 can still output the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery 6024.

[0355] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the following describes the operating procedures of a charging device having a carrier communication module and an electronic device having a carrier communication module, with reference to the attached drawings.

[0356] Figures 25C-1 and 25C-2 are operation flowcharts of yet another charging device and electronic device according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0357] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the following describes the operation procedures of a charging device and an electronic device using an example in which the charging device is a charging case and the electronic device is a headset.

[0358] First, the operation process of the charging case will be explained. When the charging case charges the headset, the operation process of the charging case includes the following steps.

[0359] Step 2501: Perform a predetermined position detection.

[0360] Step 2502: Output a preset voltage.

[0361] For steps 1103, 1105, 1110, 1111, and 1113, please refer to Figure 16B-1. Further details will not be provided here.

[0362] Step 2504: Receive the signal.

[0363] After a successful handshake between the charging case and the headset, the charging case may receive signals transmitted by the headset, such as battery status information transmitted by the headset. Battery status information includes, but is not limited to, voltage information, lifespan information, temperature information, etc. This is also true of this embodiment of the present application.

[0364] Step 2512: Adjust charging parameters during communication.

[0365] The charging case can communicate directly with the headset using a carrier communication module, so the charging process does not need to be turned off. When the charging case communicates with the headset, charging parameters, such as charging voltage and charging current, can also be adjusted.

[0366] The following describes the operation process of the headset. The process of the charging case charging the headset includes the following steps:

[0367] For steps 1201 and 1202, please refer to Figure 16B-2. Further details will not be explained here.

[0368] Step 2603 is performed when the headset is powered off. Step 2610 is performed when the headset is powered on.

[0369] Step 2603: Determine whether the input voltage meets the requirements. If the input voltage meets the requirements, perform step 2605; otherwise, perform step 2604.

[0370] Step 2604: Leave the input switch in the OFF position.

[0371] Step 2605: Turn on the input switch.

[0372] Refer to Figure 25A. The input switch may be Q4 in the figure. To charge the headset and activate the system, the input switch is turned on, i.e., controlled to turn on Q4.

[0373] Step 2606: Activate and start the system.

[0374] Step 2607: Send the handshake signal.

[0375] Step 2608: Send status information.

[0376] Steps 2609 to 2613 are the same as steps 2605 to 2608, the difference being that when the headset is powered on, the handshake signal is first sent to the charging case and then the input switch is turned on, and when the headset is powered off, the input switch is first turned on to pre-charge the headset and then the handshake signal is sent.

[0377] Step 2612: Start charging.

[0378] Step 2613: Adjust charging parameters during communication.

[0379] Step 2614: End charging.

[0380] In addition, the electronic device 602 and the charging device 601 may further transmit a handshake signal by using a carrier communication module to determine that the charging device 601 is compatible with the electronic device 602.

[0381] In electronic devices and charging devices having a carrier communication module, the handshake signal may be transmitted alternatively in the manner shown in Figures 13A and 13B and Figures 14A and 14B. Specifically, the modulation module 806 is located in the electronic device 602, and the demodulation module 802 is located in the charging device 601. For specific handshake embodiments, please refer to the above description. Details will not be described again here.

[0382] Therefore, when the charging device needs to communicate with the electronic device during the charging process, the charging device can communicate with the electronic device by using a carrier communication module. Consequently, the second DC-DC charger does not need to be turned off, the charging time of the charging device for the electronic device is reduced, and the charging process can be completed more quickly.

[0383] Figure 25A shows that in the charging system, the impedance network 2503 is located in the first carrier communication module 2501, and the impedance network 2504 is located in the second carrier communication module 2502. Both impedance networks 2503 and 2504 are configured to perform impedance matching.

[0384] The first end of the impedance network 2503 is connected to the output terminal of the second DC-DC charger 6017, and the second end of the impedance network 2503 is connected to the charging terminal 6013.

[0385] The first end of the impedance network 2504 is connected to the receiving terminal 6023, and the second end of the impedance network 2504 is connected to the fourth switching transistor Q4.

[0386] The first end of the fourth switching transistor Q4 is connected to the first end of the impedance network 2504, and the second end of the fourth switching transistor Q4 is connected to the second switch module S3. The embodiment of the second switching transistor Q4 is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application. For example, the fourth switching transistor Q4 may be implemented by two MOS transistors, the antiparallel diodes of the two MOS transistors having opposite directions.

[0387] In the process of the charging device 601 charging the electronic device 602, the second controller 6021 can adjust the charging voltage and charging current for the second battery 6024 by adjusting the state of the fourth switching transistor Q4 in order to improve the charging efficiency of the second battery 6024. In addition, since the fourth switching transistor Q4 can prevent leakage current from the electronic device to the charging device, S4 can protect the second battery. Alternatively, the second controller 6021 may adjust the impedance of the second switch module S3 and control it to minimize the impedance of the second switch module S3 when it is determined that the corresponding charging phase is a constant current charging phase or a constant voltage charging phase based on the voltage of the second battery 6024.

[0388] In addition, the charging path may further include a switched-capacitor converter, allowing the voltage to be regulated.

[0389] Figure 26 is a schematic diagram of yet another charging system according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0390] The charging path of the electronic device 602 further includes a switched-capacitor converter 807.

[0391] The switched-capacitor converter 807 is connected in series with the second switch module S3.

[0392] The input terminal of the switched-capacitor converter 807 is connected to the second terminal of the impedance network 2504, and the output terminal of the switched-capacitor converter 807 is connected to the first terminal of the second switch module S3.

[0393] However, in the actual process of the charging device 601 charging the electronic device 602, the switched-capacitor converter 807 can boost the voltage input to the switched-capacitor converter 807 and then output the boosted voltage, so that the voltage can be adjusted to charge the second battery 6024.

[0394] System Embodiment 5 All charging devices described in the embodiments described above each include a first controller. The first controller communicates with a second controller in the electronic device and can further program the electronic device to upgrade it. However, in some scenarios, if the electronic device does not need to have its software upgraded by using the charging device, the first controller does not need to be included in the charging device. The following describes an example in Embodiment 5 in which the first controller is not included in the charging device.

[0395] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the charging device and electronic device. In Figure 3, the charging device is a charging cradle, and the electronic device is a smart band.

[0396] However, smart bands do not require software upgrades by using a charging cradle. Therefore, there is no need to place the controller in the charging cradle.

[0397] Figure 27A is a schematic diagram of yet another charging system according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0398] The charging device 601 of the charging system includes a second DC-DC charger 6017, which includes a first state machine 804 and a demodulation module 802.

[0399] The demodulation module 802 is configured to receive a handshake signal transmitted by the electronic device 602 from the charging terminal 6013, demodulate the handshake signal, and transmit the demodulation result to the first state machine 804.

[0400] The first state machine 804 can determine whether the handshake was successful based on the demodulation results. For details of the verification process, please refer to Embodiment 2, Figures 13A and 13B, and Figures 14A and 14B. Further details will not be explained here.

[0401] Based on the demodulation results, if the first state machine 804 determines that the handshake was successful, it receives the charge parameters of the second battery 6024 transmitted by the electronic device 602. In other cases, the first state machine 804 receives the voltage information of the second battery 6024 transmitted by the electronic device 602 and obtains the charge parameters of the second battery 6024 based on the voltage information of the second battery 6024.

[0402] After obtaining the charging parameters of the second battery 6024, the first state machine 804 can control the DC-DC converter circuit 801 to perform electrical energy conversion, so that the output terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit 801 outputs the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery 6024.

[0403] Electronic device 602 includes a fourth switching transistor.

[0404] The second terminal of the fourth switching transistor Q4 is connected to the first terminal of the second switch module S3, and the second terminal of the second switch module S3 is configured to be connected to the second battery 6024.

[0405] For specific embodiments of the fourth switching transistor Q4 and the second switch module S3, please refer to the description of the embodiments above, as further details will not be provided here.

[0406] To facilitate understanding for those skilled in the art, the following uses the charging system shown in Figure 27A as an example to illustrate the operating procedures of the charging device and electronic devices in the charging system.

[0407] Figures 27B-1 and 27B-2 are operation flowcharts of another charging device and electronic device according to one embodiment of the present application.

[0408] For the purposes of this explanation, an example is used below in which the charging device is a charging cradle and the electronic device is a smart band, making it easier for those skilled in the art to understand.

[0409] First, the operation process of the charging cradle will be explained. In the process of the charging cradle charging the smart band, the operation process of the charging cradle includes the following steps.

[0410] For steps 2501, 2502, 1103, 1105, 2512, and 1110-1113, please refer to the description in the previously described embodiment. Here, only the differences from the previously described embodiment will be explained.

[0411] Step 2704: Receive the pulse signal. The feature string corresponding to the pulse signal can represent the charging parameters of the second battery. The smart band can use the pulse signal to transmit the charging parameters of the second battery to the charging cradle. The charging cradle can decipher the charging parameters based on the received pulse signal and output the charging voltage and charging current required by the smart band's battery. The pulse signal is described in detail below in Figures 29 and 30.

[0412] The following describes the operation process of the smart band. In the process of the charging cradle charging the smart band, the operation process of the smart band includes the following steps.

[0413] The operation process of the smart band is the same as that of the headset described in Figures 25C-1 and 25C-2 of the previously described embodiment. For specific processes, please refer to the description of the embodiment above. The following will only explain the differences.

[0414] After a successful handshake between the smart band and the charging cradle, the smart band sends a pulse signal to the charging cradle, which can carry the charging parameters of the second battery.

[0415] Step 2808: Send a pulse signal.

[0416] Step 2810 is the same as step 2808.

[0417] After the smart band transmits the charging parameters for the second battery to the charging cradle, the charging cradle may begin charging the smart band. In the subsequent charging process, the smart band continues to transmit the charging parameters for the second battery to the charging cradle in the form of pulse signals, so that the charging cradle adjusts the charging voltage and charging current output to the smart band.

[0418] In addition, during the process in which the charging device 601 charges the electronic device 602, the second controller 6021 can adjust the charging voltage and charging current for the second battery 6024 by adjusting the state of the fourth switching transistor Q4 in order to improve the charging efficiency of the second battery 6024. Similarly, the impedance of the second switch module S3 can also be adjusted. If, based on the voltage of the second battery 6024, it is determined that the corresponding charging phase is a constant current charging phase or a constant voltage charging phase, the impedance of the second switch module S3 is controlled to be minimized.

[0419] In addition, the charging path may further include a switched-capacitor converter, allowing the voltage to be regulated.

[0420] Figure 28 is a schematic diagram of another charging system according to one embodiment of this application.

[0421] Compared to the schematic diagram of the charging system shown in Figure 27A, in the electronic device 602 of the charging system, a switched-capacitor converter is used to replace the fourth switching transistor.

[0422] The first terminal of the switched-capacitor converter 807 is configured to be connected to the receiving terminal 6023, and the second terminal of the switched-capacitor converter is configured to be connected to the first terminal of the third switch module S2.

[0423] In the actual process of the charging device 601 charging the electronic device 602, the switched-capacitor converter 807 can boost the voltage input to the switched-capacitor converter 807 and then output the boosted voltage, so that the voltage can be adjusted to charge the second battery 6024.

[0424] The above describes the operating principle of the charging system when the first controller is not located in the charging device. The following describes the communication process between the charging device and the wearable device.

[0425] When the charging device and the electronic device need to communicate with each other, a second state machine within the electronic device controls the modulation module 806 to generate a pulse signal and transmits information to the charging device by using a feature string corresponding to the pulse signal.

[0426] Figure 29 is a waveform diagram of a pulse signal according to one embodiment of this application.

[0427] As shown in the diagram, Bit0 represents the first bit of the feature string, Bit1 represents the second bit of the feature string, and Bitn represents the (n-1)th bit of the feature string.

[0428] The number of bits in the feature string is not limited in this application; it may be 6 bits or more, for example, 16 bits. For the sake of clarity, the following example will use a feature string containing 16 bits.

[0429] The specific format of the feature string is not limited in this application. A person skilled in the art may select a particular format of the feature string based on actual requirements. Figure 30 is used below as an example for illustrative purposes.

[0430] Figure 30 is a schematic diagram showing the number of bits in a feature string according to one embodiment of this application.

[0431] Bit0 and Bit1 indicate the status bit. For example, if Bit0 = "1" and Bit1 = "1", the output voltage is indicated, and if Bit0 = "0" and Bit1 = "0", the output is disabled.

[0432] Bits 2 through 6 indicate the charging current. For example, if Bits 2 through 6 = "11111", the maximum charging current is indicated, and if Bits 2 through 6 = "00000", the minimum charging current is indicated.

[0433] Bits 7 through 11 indicate the charging voltage. For example, if Bits 7 through 11 = "11111", the maximum charging voltage is indicated, and if Bits 7 through 11 = "00000", the minimum charging voltage is indicated.

[0434] Bits 12-15 represent misreading prevention redundancy bits and parity bits.

[0435] For example, after an electronic device transmits a pulse signal to a charging device, a demodulation module inside the charging device demodulates the pulse signal and generates a demodulation result. The demodulation result includes a feature string corresponding to the pulse signal. The demodulation module transmits the demodulation result to a first state machine, which, based on the demodulation result, obtains the feature string corresponding to the pulse signal.

[0436] If the feature string corresponding to the pulse signal is Bit0~15 = "11111111111101010", then from Figure 30, it can be seen that the charging device needs to output the maximum charging voltage and maximum charging current to the electronic device in order to charge the electronic device's second battery.

[0437] When a second controller inside the electronic device detects that the second battery is at full power, the second state machine notifies the charger to disable the voltage output and controls the modulation module to generate a pulse signal to indicate that the electronic device is fully charged.

[0438] Therefore, according to the charging system provided in this embodiment of the present application, communication between the charging device and the electronic device does not depend on system communication, and thus there is no need to place a first controller inside the charging device. In this case, the size of the charging device is reduced. If the first controller is not placed inside the charging device, the power consumption of the first battery inside the charging device can be reduced, thus improving the durability of the electronic device.

[0439] The embodiments described above describe a charging device, an electronic device, and a charging system including the charging device and the electronic device. The charging method will be described below.

[0440] Method Embodiment 1 One embodiment of this application provides a charging method, which is applied to a charging device.

[0441] For details regarding the charging device, please refer to the description in the embodiments described above. The charging device includes a first battery, a first DC-DC charger, a second DC-DC charger, and a charging terminal. The first DC-DC charger is configured to charge the first battery after converting DC power transmitted by an adapter, and is further configured to supply power to the second DC-DC charger. The input terminal of the second DC-DC charger is configured to receive the DC voltage output by the first DC-DC charger, and the output terminal of the second DC-DC charger is connected to the charging terminal, which is configured to connect to the receiving terminal of an electronic device.

[0442] The charging method includes the following steps: receiving charging parameters transmitted by an electronic device, wherein the charging parameters are obtained based on voltage information of a second battery of the electronic device.

[0443] A step of obtaining the corresponding charging voltage and corresponding charging current based on the charging parameters.

[0444] A step of detecting the output voltage and output current of the charging terminal.

[0445] The steps include comparing the output voltage with the charging voltage, controlling the output voltage of the charging terminal to match the charging voltage based on the voltage comparison result, and comparing the output current with the charging current, and controlling the output current to match the charging current based on the current comparison result.

[0446] Electronic devices.

[0447] According to the charging device provided in this embodiment of the present application, the charging device is internally improved so that the second DC-DC charger within the charging device can directly charge the battery of an electronic device and directly provide the charging voltage and charging current required by the battery of the electronic device. Furthermore, since the second DC-DC charger directly charges the second battery of the electronic device after converting electrical energy based on the charging parameters of the second battery, power consumption occurring within the electronic device is reduced and the charging efficiency of the second battery is improved.

[0448] Method Embodiment 2 One embodiment of this application provides another charging method, which is applied to an electronic device.

[0449] For details of the electronic device, please refer to the description in the embodiments above. The electronic device includes a second battery, a second controller, a charging path, and a receiving terminal. The receiving terminal is configured to connect to the charging terminal of a charging device and is configured to receive the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery and transmitted by the charging terminal. Both the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery are related to the voltage of the second battery. The first end of the charging path is connected to the receiving terminal, and the second end of the charging path is connected to the second battery.

[0450] The charging method includes the following steps.

[0451] A step of receiving the output voltage and output current of a charging terminal, wherein the output voltage matches the charging voltage of a second battery, the output current matches the charging current of a second battery, and both the output voltage and output current are obtained by a charging device based on charging parameters transmitted by an electronic device.

[0452] A step of controlling the charging path to operate in a bypass state to charge the second battery when it is determined, based on the voltage of the second battery, that the charging phase is a constant current charging phase or a constant voltage charging phase.

[0453] The electronic device provided in this embodiment of the present application may communicate with a charging device to transmit voltage information of the second battery to the charging device, or to transmit charging parameters of the second battery to the charging device, so that the charging device directly outputs the charging voltage and charging current required by the second battery. This can reduce power consumption within the electronic device and further improve the charging efficiency of the second battery.

[0454] In this application, “at least one (item)” means one or more, and “more than one” means two or more. Accordingly, any simple modifications, equivalent variations, and alterations made to the above embodiments in accordance with the technical characteristics of this application without departing from the content of the technical solution of this application shall fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of this application. [Explanation of symbols]

[0455] 101 Left earphone 102 Right earphone 103 Charging Case 201A First receiving terminal 201B Second receiving terminal 202A First charging terminal 202B Second charging terminal 301 Charging case charging terminals 302 Headset receiver terminal 401 Charging Case 402 Adapter 403 Earphones 601 Charging device 602 Electronic Devices 801 DC-DC converter circuit 802 Demodulation module, modem 803 Control Loop 804 First State Machine 805 Second State Machine 806 Modulation Module, Adjustment Module 807 Switched Capacitor Converter 1031 First Controller 1032 First DC-DC charger 1033 First Battery 1034 First charging terminal 1035 First receiving terminal 1036 Second controller 1037 Second battery 1038 charger 2501 First Carrier Communication Module 2502 Second carrier communication module 2503 Impedance Network 2504 Impedance Network 6011 First Controller 6012 First DC-DC Charger 6013 Charging terminal 6014 First Battery 6017 Second DC-DC charger 6018 Adapter 6021 Second Controller 6022 Charging path 6023 Receiving terminal 6024 Second battery Q1 First MOS transistor Q2 Second MOS transistor Q3 Third MOS transistor Q4 Fourth switching transistor S1 First switch module S2 Third Switch Module S3 Second Switch Module S4 Safety Switch

Claims

1. A charging device configured to charge an electronic device, comprising a first DC-DC charger, a second DC-DC charger, a first battery, and a charging terminal, The first DC-DC charger is configured to charge the first battery after converting the DC power transmitted by the adapter, and is further configured to supply power to the second DC-DC charger. The input terminal of the second DC-DC charger is configured to receive the DC voltage output by the first DC-DC charger, the output terminal of the second DC-DC charger is connected to the charging terminal, and the charging terminal is configured to be connected to the receiving terminal of the electronic device. The second DC-DC charger is configured to receive charging parameters transmitted by the electronic device, to acquire the charging parameters based on the voltage information of the second battery of the electronic device, to acquire a corresponding charging voltage and a corresponding charging current based on the charging parameters, to control the charging terminal to output the charging voltage, and to control the charging terminal to output the charging current. Charging device.

2. Further equipped with a first controller, The first controller is configured to receive charging parameters transmitted by the electronic device, transmit the charging parameters to the second DC-DC charger, and carry the charging voltage and charging current corresponding to the second battery. The charging device according to claim 1.

3. Further equipped with a first controller, The first controller is configured to receive the voltage information transmitted by the electronic device, which is of the second battery, to obtain the corresponding charging parameters based on the voltage information of the second battery, to transmit the charging parameters to the second DC-DC charger, the charging parameters carrying the charging voltage and charging current corresponding to the second battery. The charging device according to claim 1.

4. The second DC-DC charger comprises a first state machine, The first state machine is configured to receive a handshake signal transmitted by the electronic device, determine that the electronic device is in a predetermined position, and notify the first controller that the electronic device is in a predetermined position. The charging device according to claim 2 or 3.

5. The aforementioned second DC-DC charger comprises a first state machine and a demodulation module, The demodulation module is configured to receive a handshake signal transmitted by the electronic device from the charging terminal, demodulate the handshake signal, and transmit the demodulation result to the first state machine. The first state machine is configured such that, upon determining that the handshake was successful based on the demodulation results, it notifies the first controller that the handshake was successful, causing the first controller to receive the voltage information or charge parameters sent by the electronic device, which belong to the second battery. The charging device according to claim 2 or 3.

6. The fact that the first state machine is configured to notify the first controller that the handshake was successful means, specifically, The first state machine is configured to send an interrupt signal to the first controller when it confirms that the handshake was successful, and the interrupt signal is used to notify the first controller that the handshake was successful. The charging device according to claim 4 or 5.

7. The second DC-DC charger comprises a first switch module and a DC-DC conversion circuit, The input terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit is the input terminal of the second DC-DC charger. The output terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to the first terminal of the first switch module, the second terminal of the first switch module is the output terminal of the second DC-DC charger, and the third terminal of the first switch module is connected to the first communication interface of the first controller. The first state machine is configured to control the first switch module to connect the charging terminal to the first communication interface when the first controller communicates with the electronic device, to control the first switch module to connect the charging terminal to the output terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit when the second DC-DC charger charges the electronic device, and to control the DC-DC converter circuit to perform electrical energy conversion based on the charging voltage and the charging current. A charging device according to any one of claims 4 to 6.

8. The charging device according to claim 7, further configured to disable the output of the DC-DC converter circuit before the first switch module connects the charging terminal to the first communication interface, and to control the first switch module to connect the charging terminal to the first communication interface if the voltage of the charging terminal is lower than a first preset threshold.

9. It also includes a carrier communication module, The first controller is configured to communicate with the electronic device using the carrier communication module and to receive the voltage information or charging parameters of the second battery. The charging device according to claim 2 or 3.

10. The aforementioned second DC-DC charger comprises a first state machine and a demodulation module, The demodulation module is configured to receive a handshake signal transmitted by the electronic device from the charging terminal, demodulate the handshake signal, and transmit the demodulation result to the first state machine. The first state machine is configured to receive the voltage information or charge parameters sent by the electronic device, which belong to the second battery, when it determines, based on the demodulation result, that the handshake was successful, and the first state machine is further configured to receive the voltage information of the second battery and to obtain the charge parameters based on the voltage information of the second battery. The charging device according to claim 1.

11. The demodulation module is particularly configured to demodulate a current signal at the second terminal of the second DC-DC charger and to transmit the demodulated result of the current signal to the first state machine. The first state machine is configured to compare the demodulated result of the current signal with a preset pulse signal and, based on the comparison result, to determine whether the handshake was successful. The charging device according to claim 10 or 5.

12. Furthermore, it is equipped with a DC-DC conversion circuit, The input terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit is the input terminal of the second DC-DC charger, and the output terminal of the DC-DC converter circuit is connected to the charging terminal. The first state machine is configured to control the DC-DC converter circuit to perform electrical energy conversion based on the voltage comparison result and the current comparison result. The DC-DC converter circuit is configured to adjust the output voltage and output current based on the voltage comparison result and the current comparison result. The charging device according to claim 10 or 11.

13. An electronic device comprising a second battery, a second controller, a charging path, and a receiving terminal, The receiving terminal is configured to be connected to the charging terminal of the charging device, and the receiving terminal is configured to receive the charging voltage and charging current output by the charging terminal, and the charging voltage matches the charging voltage of the second battery, and the charging voltage and charging current have a preset multiple relationship. The first end of the charging path is connected to the receiving terminal, and the second end of the charging path is connected to the second battery. The second controller is configured to acquire corresponding charging parameters based on the voltage information of the second battery, transmit the charging parameters to the charging device so that the charging device acquires the charging voltage and charging current based on the charging parameters, and, when it is determined that the charging phase is a constant current charging phase or a constant voltage charging phase, to control the charging path to operate in a bypass state and charge the second battery. Electronic devices.

14. The electronic device according to claim 13, further configured to transmit the voltage information of the second battery to the charging device so that the charging device obtains the corresponding charging parameters based on the voltage information of the second battery.

15. The charging path includes a second switch module, The first end of the second switch module is used as the first end of the charging path, and the second end of the second switch module is used as the second end of the charging path. The impedance of the second switch module is adjustable. The second controller is configured to acquire a corresponding charging phase based on the voltage information of the second battery, and to control the impedance of the second switch module to the minimum if the charging phase is the constant current charging phase or the constant voltage charging phase, and to control the impedance of the second switch module to the maximum if the charging phase is the trickle charging phase. The electronic device according to claim 13 or 14.

16. The electronic device according to claim 15, wherein the second switch module comprises two MOS transistors connected in series, a first MOS transistor and a second MOS transistor, the antiparallel diode of the first MOS transistor and the antiparallel diode of the second MOS transistor having opposite directions.

17. The second switch module further comprises a third MOS transistor, The third MOS transistor is connected in parallel to both ends of the two MOS transistors connected in series. If the charging phase is the constant current charging phase, the second controller controls the third MOS transistor to turn on. The electronic device according to claim 16.

18. The charging path further comprises a switched-capacitor converter, The switched-capacitor converter and the second switch module are connected in series. The switched-capacitor converter is configured to boost the voltage input to it and then output the boosted voltage. The electronic device according to any one of claims 15 to 17.

19. The charging path comprises a switched-capacitor converter, a safety switch, and a second switch module. The first terminal of the switched-capacitor converter is connected to the receiving terminal, the first terminal of the safety switch is connected to the first terminal of the switched-capacitor converter, the first terminal of the switched-capacitor converter is connected to the second battery, the second terminal of the safety switch is connected to the first terminal of the second switch module, and the second terminal of the second switch module is connected to the second battery. The impedance of the second switch module is adjustable. The second controller is configured to acquire the corresponding charging phase based on the voltage information of the second battery, and to control the safety switch to turn off and the switched-capacitor converter to operate in the bypass state if the charging phase is the constant-current charging phase or the constant-voltage charging phase, and to control the safety switch to turn on in other charging phases. The electronic device according to claim 13 or 14.

20. Further comprising a second state machine and modulation module, The second state machine modulates the handshake signal and controls the modulation module to transmit the modulated handshake signal to the receiving terminal so that the charging device receives the handshake signal and checks whether the handshake was successful. Once it is confirmed that the handshake was successful, it notifies the second controller to communicate with the charging device, so that the second controller transmits the voltage information or charging parameters of the second battery to the charging device. The electronic device according to claim 15 or 19.

21. Further equipped with a third switch module, The first end of the third switch module is connected to the receiving terminal, the second end of the third switch module is connected to the first end of the charging path, and the third end of the third switch module is connected to the second communication interface of the second controller. The second state machine is configured to control the third switch module to connect the receiving terminal to the second communication interface of the second controller when the second controller communicates with the charging device, and to control the third switch module to connect the receiving terminal to the first end of the charging path when the charging device charges the second battery. The electronic device according to claim 20.

22. The second state machine confirming that the handshake was successful means, specifically, The success of the handshake is confirmed when, after the handshake signal has been transmitted, the voltage at the receiving terminal is lower than a second preset threshold. The electronic device according to claim 15 or 19.

23. It also includes a carrier communication module, The second controller is configured to communicate with the charging device using the carrier communication module and to transmit the voltage information or charging parameters of the second battery. The electronic device according to any one of claims 13 to 19.

24. The aforementioned electronic device Bluetooth® headsets, bands, and watches An electronic device according to any one of claims 13 to 23, which is any one of the following.

25. A charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 12 and an electronic device according to any one of claims 13 to 24, The charging device is configured to charge the electronic device. A charging system for electronic devices.

26. The charging system according to claim 25, wherein the charging device has two charging terminals and the electronic device has two receiving terminals.

27. A charging method using a charging device, wherein the charging device comprises a first DC-DC charger, a first battery, a second DC-DC charger, and a charging terminal, the first DC-DC charger being configured to charge the first battery after converting DC power transmitted by an adapter, and further configured to supply power to the second DC-DC charger, the input terminal of the second DC-DC charger being configured to receive a DC voltage output by the first DC-DC charger, the output terminal of the second DC-DC charger being connected to the charging terminal, and the charging terminal being configured to be connected to the receiving terminal of the electronic device. The aforementioned method, A step of receiving charging parameters transmitted by the electronic device, wherein the charging parameters are obtained based on voltage information of a second battery of the electronic device. A step of obtaining a corresponding charging voltage and a corresponding charging current based on the aforementioned charging parameters, The steps include detecting the output voltage and output current of the charging terminal, The steps include controlling the charging terminal to output the charging voltage and controlling the charging terminal to output the charging current. Charging methods, including those mentioned above.

28. A charging method applied to an electronic device, wherein the electronic device comprises a second battery, a second controller, a charging path, and a receiving terminal, the receiving terminal being configured to connect to a charging terminal of a charging device, the first end of the charging path being connected to the receiving terminal, and the second end of the charging path being connected to the second battery. The aforementioned method, A step of receiving the output voltage and output current of the charging terminal, wherein the output voltage matches or has a preset multiple relationship with the charging voltage of the second battery, the output current matches the charging current of the second battery, and both the output voltage and the output current are obtained by the charging device based on charging parameters transmitted by the electronic device, The steps include controlling the charging path to operate in a bypass state to charge the second battery when it is determined, based on the voltage of the second battery, that the charging phase is a constant current charging phase or a constant voltage charging phase; Charging methods, including those mentioned above.

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