Information processing device, information processing method, and program

Abstract

We provide an information processing device that enables appropriate quality evaluation at each stage of the development process. [Solution] The information processing device comprises a risk indicator calculation means and a risk analysis means. The risk indicator calculation means calculates risk indicator values ​​for at least one or more risk elements associated with the design results prior to the present time, using design results prior to the present time for a plurality of design tasks constituting the system design flow, requirements and constraints entered in natural language for the system design. The risk analysis means analyzes the risk elements based on the calculated risk indicator values ​​and presents the analysis results of the risk elements to the user.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an information processing apparatus, an information processing method, and a program.

Background Art

[0002] In a system development project, risk management plays an important role in ensuring the success of the project. As a method for project risk assessment, a method of aggregating human evaluation values based on development documents or the like may be used (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In addition, in the field of text quality analysis, a method of evaluating the quality of documents or the like by learning from good examples and bad examples using natural language processing technology has also been proposed.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] However, there are hierarchical dependencies in the development tasks of a complex system. Therefore, if there are deficiencies in the deliverables at each stage, quality risks such as going back, missing the delivery date, and failing to meet the performance requirements may occur. For this reason, appropriate quality evaluation means are required at each stage of the development process.

[0005] The main object of the present invention is to provide an information processing apparatus, an information processing method, and a program that contribute to realizing appropriate quality evaluation at each stage of the development process.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, an information processing device is provided that includes: a risk indicator calculation means for calculating risk indicator values ​​for at least one or more risk elements associated with the design results prior to the present, using design results prior to the present, requirements and constraints input in natural language for the design of the system, and a risk analysis means for analyzing the risk elements based on the calculated risk indicator values ​​and presenting the results of the risk element analysis to the user.

[0007] According to a second aspect of the present invention, an information processing method is provided for an information processing device, which uses design results from at least the present time prior to the design of a plurality of design tasks constituting the design flow of a system, requirements and constraints input in natural language for the design of the system, to calculate risk index values ​​for at least one or more risk elements associated with the design results from the present time prior to the design, to perform an analysis of the risk elements based on the calculated risk index values, and to present the results of the analysis of the risk elements to the user.

[0008] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a program is provided for a computer mounted on an information processing device to perform the following: a process of calculating risk index values ​​for at least one or more risk elements associated with the design results prior to the present, using at least the design results prior to the present, requirements and constraints input in natural language for the design of the system, and a process of analyzing the risk elements based on the calculated risk index values ​​and presenting the results of the risk element analysis to the user. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to each aspect of the present invention, an information processing device, an information processing method, and a program are provided that contribute to achieving appropriate quality evaluation at each stage of the development process. However, the effects of the present invention are not limited to those described above. The present invention may produce other effects in lieu of or in conjunction with the effects described above. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0010] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating the outline of one embodiment. [Figure 2] Figure 2 is a flowchart showing the operation of one embodiment. [Figure 3] Figure 3 shows an example of a schematic configuration of an information processing system according to the embodiment of this disclosure. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating the operation of an information processing system according to an embodiment of this disclosure. [Figure 5] Figure 5 shows an example of the processing configuration of an information processing apparatus according to the present disclosure. [Figure 6] Figure 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the risk indicator calculation unit according to the present disclosure. [Figure 7] Figure 7 shows an example of a request information table according to an embodiment of this disclosure. [Figure 8] Figure 8 shows an example of a constraint information table according to the embodiment of this disclosure. [Figure 9] Figure 9 shows an example of a design result table for the preceding design task according to the embodiment of this disclosure. [Figure 10] Figure 10 shows an example of a constraint table for a current design task according to an embodiment of this disclosure. [Figure 11] Figure 11 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the risk indicator calculation unit according to the embodiment of this disclosure. [Figure 12] Figure 12 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the risk analysis unit according to the embodiment of this disclosure. [Figure 13] Figure 13 shows an example of information output by the risk analysis unit according to the embodiment of this disclosure. [Figure 14] Figure 14 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of an information processing apparatus according to the present disclosure. [Figure 15]FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of a processing configuration of an information processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a display of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of a hardware configuration of an information processing apparatus according to the present disclosure. MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0011] First, an overview of an embodiment will be described. Note that the reference numerals in the drawings appended to this overview are added for convenience to each element as an example for assisting understanding, and the description of this overview is not intended to be limiting in any way. Also, unless otherwise specified, the blocks described in each drawing represent configurations in functional units, not hardware units. The connection lines between the blocks in each figure include both bidirectional and unidirectional ones. The one-way arrow schematically shows the flow of the main signal (data) and does not exclude bidirectionality. In this specification and the drawings, elements that can be similarly described may be denoted by the same reference numerals to omit redundant description.

[0012] An information processing apparatus 100 according to an embodiment includes a risk index calculation means 101 and a risk analysis means 102 (see FIG. 1). The risk index calculation means 101 calculates a risk index value regarding at least one or more risk elements associated with the design results before the current time, using at least the design results before the current time, the requirements and constraints input in natural language for the system design, regarding a plurality of design tasks constituting the system design flow (step S1 in FIG. 2). The risk analysis means 102 analyzes the risk elements based on the calculated risk index value and presents the analysis result of the risk elements to the user (step S2).

[0013] The information processing apparatus 100 calculates a risk index value obtained by quantifying risk factors associated with design results at each design stage of a development process. The information processing apparatus 100 analyzes risks using the calculated risk index value and presents the obtained analysis results to a user. As a result, appropriate quality evaluations are realized at each stage of the development process.

[0014] Specific embodiments will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0015] [First Embodiment] The first embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0016] [Configuration and Schematic Operation of System] As shown in FIG. 3, the information processing system according to the first embodiment includes an information processing apparatus 10 and a terminal 20.

[0017] The information processing apparatus 10 is an information processing apparatus that supports system design by a user. For example, the information processing apparatus 10 is a server installed on a network (in the cloud).

[0018] The user operates the terminal 20 to access the information processing apparatus 10. The user inputs various information to the information processing apparatus 10 and acquires various information from the information processing apparatus 10.

[0019] The information processing apparatus 10 performs risk analysis and countermeasure proposal in the system design process.

[0020] For example, as shown in the caption at the top of FIG. 4, the information processing apparatus 10 presents issues (risks) in the current basic design stage to the user. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the information processing apparatus 10 presents to the user that in the current basic design, in order to meet the delay requirement, the design target amount (original design amount) of the detailed design increases, and the cost may also increase.

[0021] The right side of Figure 4 shows each stage of the design process (requirements definition, basic design, and detailed design), and the challenges (risks) during the transition from basic design to detailed design are illustrated in Figure 4.

[0022] The lower frame of Figure 4 shows proposed solutions to the above-mentioned problems. Specifically, the information processing device 10 presents "(a) Adding an edge cloud" to the user as a proposed solution to the above-mentioned problems. In other words, the information processing device 10 presents "(a) Adding an edge cloud" as one solution to satisfy the delay request.

[0023] The "(b)..." indicated in the lower box of Figure 4 suggests that other countermeasures exist. Note that Figure 4 omits a detailed explanation of these other countermeasures.

[0024] As described above, the information processing device 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention analyzes risks at each stage of the system design process and proposes appropriate countermeasures to the user. For example, the information processing device 10 identifies issues that arise during the basic design phase (in the above example, the risks of delayed requests and increased costs). Then, the information processing device 10 presents the user with specific countermeasures for the identified issues (risks) (in the above example, the addition of an edge cloud).

[0025] As a result, designers and decision-makers involved in system development will be able to recognize risks early and take appropriate action.

[0026] The information processing device 10 plays a role in supporting risk management throughout the entire design process and increasing the probability of project success by automatically performing such analyses and making recommendations.

[0027] Next, we will describe the details of the information processing device 10 according to the first embodiment.

[0028] Figure 5 shows an example of the processing configuration (processing module) of the information processing device 10 according to the embodiment disclosed herein. Referring to Figure 5, the information processing device 10 comprises a communication control unit 201, a risk indicator calculation unit 202, a risk analysis unit 203, and a storage unit 204.

[0029] The communication control unit 201 is a means for controlling communication with other devices. For example, the communication control unit 201 receives data (packets) from terminal 20. The communication control unit 201 also transmits data to terminal 20. The communication control unit 201 passes data received from other devices to other processing modules. The communication control unit 201 transmits data acquired from other processing modules to other devices. In this way, other processing modules send and receive data with other devices via the communication control unit 201. The communication control unit 201 has the function of a receiving unit that receives data from other devices and the function of a transmitting unit that transmits data to other devices.

[0030] The risk indicator calculation unit 202 is a means of quantifying the issues (risks) that are anticipated at each stage of the design process (requirements definition, basic design, detailed design). The risk indicator calculation unit 202 calculates the magnitude of the impact that various events (events that hinder the success of the project) in each design process have on the system and system design as risk indicator values. The risk indicator calculation unit 202 outputs the calculated risk indicator values.

[0031] The risk indicator calculation unit 202 acquires design information, requirements information, constraint information, design results from previous design tasks, and constraints for the current design task as input data related to the system. For example, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 acquires design information, requirements information, constraint information, design results from previous design tasks, and constraints for the current design task specified by the user via the terminal 20.

[0032] Design information refers to the specific design information for each stage (design process). For example, information described in the requirements definition document, basic design document, detailed design document, etc., constitutes design information. Other information (requirements information, constraints information, design results of previous design tasks, and constraints of the current design task) will be explained later.

[0033] The risk indicator calculation unit 202 performs a predetermined analysis on the acquired input data to calculate the degree of impact that various events have on the system, etc., as a risk indicator value, and outputs the calculated risk indicator value to the risk analysis unit 203. Furthermore, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 also outputs the input data used to calculate the risk indicator value, along with the risk indicator value, to the risk analysis unit 203.

[0034] The risk analysis unit 203 is a means of analyzing the issues (risks) in each design task (design process).

[0035] The risk analysis unit 203 obtains risk indicator values ​​from the risk indicator calculation unit 202. The risk analysis unit 203 performs threshold processing on the obtained risk indicator values ​​and determines whether the risk indicator values ​​exceed a predetermined threshold.

[0036] If the risk indicator value exceeds the threshold, the risk analysis unit 203 uses a language model to analyze the reasons for the increase in risk.

[0037] Furthermore, the risk analysis unit 203 explores countermeasures to reduce risk. Specifically, the risk analysis unit 203 virtually modifies parts of the design (for example, sensor selection or communication protocol) and simulates the change in risk indicator values ​​for that modification. More specifically, the risk analysis unit 203 hands over each virtually modified design (design information) to the risk indicator calculation unit 202 and instructs it to calculate the risk indicator.

[0038] After these processes, the risk analysis unit 203 ultimately outputs the type of risk, the risk indicator value, the reason for the risk increase, and recommended countermeasures.

[0039] <Detailed explanation of the data used and operation of the risk indicator calculation unit 202> The operation of the risk indicator calculation unit 202 will be explained in more detail. After acquiring the input data, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 performs the following processing.

[0040] Figure 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the risk indicator calculation unit 202 according to the embodiment disclosed herein. The operation of the risk indicator calculation unit 202 will be explained with reference to Figure 6.

[0041] First, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 performs preprocessing of the input data (step S101).

[0042] Specifically, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 extracts risk elements (information related to risk) based on requirements information, constraint information, design results from previous design tasks, and constraints of the current design task. For example, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 extracts information related to price, the amount of proprietary design, communication bandwidth, and the reliability of component manufacturers as risk elements.

[0043] The risk indicator calculation unit 202 obtains, for example, table information from an external storage device (database) that contains the above-mentioned request information, constraint information, design results of the previous design task, and constraints of the current design task. The risk indicator calculation unit 202 uses the obtained table information to extract the above-mentioned risk elements.

[0044] Here, referring to the diagram, we will explain the data (table information) used by the risk indicator calculation unit 202.

[0045] Figures 7 through 10 show four main data tables (table information) used as input data for the risk analysis system (information processing system).

[0046] The requirements information table shown in Figure 7 defines the basic requirements that the product (final system) must meet. As shown in Figure 7, the requirements information table consists of columns for requirements ID, category, requirements content, and priority.

[0047] For example, the request information with request ID "REQ001" indicates a high-priority safety requirement and is treated as particularly important information during the design process. Alternatively, request ID "REQ003" defines specific performance targets for the device with a medium priority.

[0048] The risk indicator calculation unit 202 evaluates whether these requirements are met in the design information to be evaluated (for example, information described in the requirements definition document, basic design document, and detailed design document), and determines the risk level according to priority (setting risk indicator values ​​according to priority).

[0049] The constraint information table shown in Figure 8 defines specific limitations related to design and manufacturing. As shown in Figure 8, the constraint information table includes columns for constraint ID, category, constraint content, and impact.

[0050] High-impact constraints, such as constraint ID "CON001," are important information that affects many aspects of the design.

[0051] The risk indicator calculation unit 202 checks whether the constraints listed in the constraint information table are being followed in the design information being evaluated, and assigns a high risk indicator value if there is a violation.

[0052] The design results table for the preceding design task, shown in Figure 9, indicates the design decisions that have already been made. As shown in Figure 9, the design results table for the preceding design task consists of columns for design item ID, category, design content, and status.

[0053] Design item ID "DES001" is a confirmed design item. Such confirmed design items are important information that significantly impacts subsequent design work.

[0054] The risk indicator calculation unit 202 verifies (confirms) whether the design decisions already made are inconsistent with the requirements information and constraint information. For design items in a provisional state, such as design item ID "DES003," the risk indicator calculation unit 202 considers the possibility of risk arising at the time of the final decision. In other words, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 prioritizes verifying design items whose state is "confirmed" over design items whose state is set to "provisional."

[0055] The constraints table for the current design task, shown in Figure 10, represents the constraints that have newly arisen during the current design phase. As shown in Figure 10, the constraints table for the current design task consists of columns for constraint ID, category, constraint content, and reason.

[0056] Constraints such as constraint ID "CUR001" may contradict the design results from the previous stage. The risk indicator calculation unit 202 verifies (confirms) whether these new constraints contradict the design results and requirements information from the previous stage, and if there is a contradiction, it assigns a high risk indicator value.

[0057] System designers, etc., generate the requirements information tables described above based on the knowledge and experience gained from past system development and register them in the information processing device 10. Alternatively, designers, etc., update the constraints table for the current design task described above when the system specifications change or when they obtain information such as delivery dates for parts to be used from parts manufacturers, etc.

[0058] The risk indicator calculation unit 202 comprehensively analyzes the risks at each design stage using the data contained in the four tables. The risk indicator calculation unit 202 extracts at least one risk element using the four tables and calculates a risk indicator value for the extracted risk element.

[0059] For example, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 verifies whether the performance requirement defined in the request information with request ID "REQ003" is achievable with the microcontroller specified in the constraint information with constraint ID "CON001". In other words, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 verifies whether 100 data collections per second are achievable with the specified microcontroller. If the performance defined in the request information is not met, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 extracts "performance requirement failure risk" as a risk element.

[0060] Alternatively, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 evaluates (verifies) whether the design result (single-board design) preceding design item ID "DES001" is feasible under the current constraints (6-week deadline) of constraint ID "CUR005". If the preceding design (design result) does not meet the constraints regarding the delivery date, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 extracts "schedule delay risk" as a risk element.

[0061] The risk indicator calculation unit 202 can extract the above risk elements using a Large Language Model (LLM). For example, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 obtains (extracts) risk elements by inputting a prompt to the LLM such as, "Please extract risk elements that could be risks in system development using the design information, requirements information, constraint information, the design results of the previous design task, and the constraint condition table of the current design task."

[0062] Next, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 calculates the current value (raw data of the risk indicator value) for each risk element based on the extracted risk elements and design information (step S102 in Figure 6). At this time, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 uses a predefined evaluation function.

[0063] As a method for constructing the evaluation function, for example, a design using predetermined rules may be adopted. For example, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 calculates the amount of the uniquely designed quantity using design information. The risk indicator calculation unit 202 calculates the ratio of the calculated amount of the uniquely designed quantity to the total amount of design quantity, and for example, normalizes this ratio to a range of 0 to 10.

[0064] The risk indicator calculation unit 202 calculates the evaluation result for each risk element (step S103). Specifically, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 compares the calculated current value of each risk element with a predefined threshold. This threshold is set based on past project performance and industry standards, and serves as a criterion for determining the risk level.

[0065] The risk indicator calculation unit 202 sets the evaluation result of a risk element to "risk present" if the current value of the risk element is above the threshold. The risk indicator calculation unit 202 sets the evaluation result of a risk element to "no risk" if the current value of the risk element is below the threshold.

[0066] Here, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 may perform additional analysis using external tools. Additional analysis may include configuration simulation, component vulnerability checks, and static analysis of source code. The output results of these external tools may also be incorporated into the calculation of risk indicator values.

[0067] Furthermore, if external tools are used, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 integrates the evaluation results of each risk element (current risk indicator values) with the analysis results of the external tool. Specifically, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 weights each element (evaluation results of risk elements, analysis results of the external tool) and calculates a weighted average. The weighting coefficients may be adjusted according to the nature and priority of the project.

[0068] The risk indicator calculation unit 202, for example, normalizes the calculated weighted average value to a range of 0 to 10. The risk indicator calculation unit 202 outputs the normalized weighted average value as the risk indicator value. A higher risk indicator value indicates a higher overall risk for the project.

[0069] In this way, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 can calculate risk indicator values ​​using an evaluation function constructed based on predetermined rules.

[0070] Alternatively, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 may use a machine learning model as the evaluation function.

[0071] For example, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 can calculate risk indicator values ​​using a machine learning model, particularly a supervised learning model. In this case, past project data is used as training data, and the necessary learning model is obtained by learning the relationship between input features and the target variable (the degree of risk that actually occurred).

[0072] The advantage of the risk indicator calculation unit 202 using a machine learning model is that it can capture the complex interactions between numerous variables. Furthermore, another advantage of the risk indicator calculation unit 202 using a machine learning model is that the machine learning model can be updated each time new data is obtained, thereby improving prediction accuracy.

[0073] Furthermore, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 may use methods such as SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values ​​to analyze how much each input element contributes to the risk indicator value in order to improve the interpretability of the learning model. By performing this analysis using SHAP values, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 can specifically explain the reasons why the risk indicator value has increased.

[0074] In this way, by utilizing machine learning, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 can evaluate risks more precisely and flexibly, thereby increasing the probability of project success.

[0075] The risk indicator calculation unit 202 outputs the risk indicator value and evaluation result (risk present, no risk) for each risk element to the risk analysis unit 203 (step S104). For example, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 passes information such as that shown in Figure 11 to the risk analysis unit 203.

[0076] <Detailed explanation of Risk Analysis Department 203> The operation of the risk analysis unit 203 will be explained in detail.

[0077] Figure 12 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the risk analysis unit 203 according to the embodiment disclosed herein. The operation of the risk analysis unit 203 will be explained with reference to Figure 12.

[0078] The risk analysis unit 203 evaluates the risk level of each risk element by comparing the risk indicator values ​​obtained from the risk indicator calculation unit 202 with a pre-set threshold (step S201). This threshold is adjustable according to the nature of the project and the acceptable risk level, and is pre-input into the information processing device 10 by the system administrator or the like.

[0079] If the risk indicator value is below the threshold, the risk analysis unit 203 does not perform any special processing.

[0080] If the risk indicator value exceeds the threshold, the risk analysis unit 203 uses a large language model (LLM) to analyze the specific causes of the increased risk (cause analysis; step S202).

[0081] LLM comprehensively interprets the input data (requirements, constraints, design results from previous design tasks, and constraints for the current design task) along with the risk indicator values ​​and evaluation results for each risk element, and explains the reasons for the increase in risk in natural language.

[0082] More specifically, the risk analysis unit 203 obtains the cause of the risk increase by inputting a prompt to the LLM instructing it to generate the reason for the risk increase using the input data, risk elements, risk indicator values, and evaluation results.

[0083] For example, the risk analysis unit 203 inputs a prompt to the LLM such as, "Please explain why the risk indicator value is high, using the requirements information, constraint information, design results of the previous design task, the constraint table for the current design task, the risk indicator value, and the evaluation results," thereby obtaining the cause of the increased risk (the reason for the high risk determination).

[0084] Furthermore, the risk analysis unit 203 may refer to task hierarchy information when analyzing the specific causes of risk information.

[0085] Task hierarchy information refers to information that shows the hierarchical relationships in system development. For example, it is expressed in a flow (sequence) such as "requirements definition" → "basic design" → "detailed design". Each task hierarchy has requirements information, constraint information, and design results linked to it. In other words, in each hierarchy of requirements definition, basic design, and detailed design, design elements are linked to requirements information, constraint information, and design results.

[0086] The risk analysis unit 203 may comprehensively analyze multiple pieces of information, including task hierarchy information. More specifically, the risk analysis unit 203 obtains the cause of the risk increase by inputting prompts to the LLM that instruct it to generate reasons for the risk increase using input data, risk indicator values, evaluation results, etc., as well as task hierarchy information.

[0087] For example, the risk analysis unit 203 generates a specific explanation such as, "Due to insufficient communication bandwidth, it is difficult to implement functions that require real-time performance."

[0088] The risk analysis unit 203 can gain a deeper understanding of risk factors by analyzing information at each level based on task hierarchy information managed in graph format, for example.

[0089] For example, if the risk indicator value increases during the detailed design phase, the risk analysis unit 203 refers to the design results and constraints from the basic design phase and generates analysis results. For example, the risk analysis unit 203 might generate an analysis result such as, "Because sufficient performance verification was not performed during the basic design phase, there is a high risk that performance problems will be discovered during the detailed design phase, leading to rework."

[0090] Alternatively, if the risk indicator value rises during the basic design phase, the risk analysis unit 203 refers to the requirements information and constraint information from the requirements definition phase and generates analysis results. For example, the risk analysis unit 203 might generate an analysis result such as, "Because customer needs were not fully understood during the requirements definition phase, significant design changes are required during the basic design phase, increasing the risk of cost overruns."

[0091] Once the cause analysis is complete, the risk analysis unit 203 explores countermeasures to reduce the risk (step S203).

[0092] Specifically, the risk analysis unit 203 virtually modifies a portion of the design information (for example, the components used, algorithms, architecture, etc.). For example, the risk analysis unit 203 generates a prompt instructing a modification to a portion of the design information, and by inputting this prompt into the LLM, it obtains the modified design information.

[0093] Subsequently, the risk analysis unit 203 simulates how the change in the design information will affect the risk indicator values.

[0094] More specifically, the risk analysis unit 203 hands over the virtually modified design information to the risk indicator calculation unit 202 and instructs it to calculate the risk indicators. In other words, the above simulation is performed by the risk indicator calculation unit 202, which has received the modified design information, re-executing the process of calculating the risk indicator values. The risk analysis unit 203 searches for multiple countermeasures and evaluates the risk reduction effect of the changes to the design information based on the risk indicator values ​​recalculated by the risk indicator calculation unit 202.

[0095] For example, the risk analysis unit 203 adopts design information changes that result in lower recalculated risk indicator values ​​as proposed countermeasures for risk elements.

[0096] The risk analysis unit 203 outputs the analysis results (step S204). The risk analysis unit 203 outputs the analysis results to terminal 20.

[0097] For example, the risk analysis unit 203 may ultimately output the following information:

[0098] 1. Types of risks (risk names; e.g., cost overruns, delivery delays, quality issues) 2. Risk indicator value (range from 0 to 10) 3. Specific reasons for the increased risk (explained in natural language by an LLM) 4. At least one recommended countermeasure (one or more countermeasures) 5. Information indicating the extent to which each proposed countermeasure reduces risk indicator values ​​(e.g., the percentage change in risk indicator values ​​before and after the countermeasure).

[0099] Figure 13 shows an example of the information output by the risk analysis unit 203. Figure 13 shows various risks and their evaluations in a specific project or system. As shown in Figure 13, each risk element includes the risk ID, risk name, risk index value (evaluation value with 10 points as the maximum), the main reason why the risk element was determined to be high risk, and related factors.

[0100] As mentioned above, a higher risk index value indicates a greater potential impact that the corresponding risk element will have on the project. For example, the sensor selection risk with risk ID "R001" has the highest risk index value at 8.5. The main reason for the high risk index value of sensor selection risk is attributed to the high likelihood that the client device's temperature sensor will be a custom design.

[0101] Furthermore, the constraints under constraint ID "CUR001" and the requirements under request IDs "REQ003" and "REQ004" are listed as factors related to sensor selection risk. These constraints and requirements are information that explains (supplements) the background and causes of the risk.

[0102] Information like that shown in Figure 13 is provided to designers and project managers via terminal 20 to support risk management decision-making.

[0103] For example, if the risk analysis department 203 identifies that "the use of expensive components is increasing the risk of cost overruns," the designer can take measures such as considering cheaper alternative components or revising the design to reduce the number of components.

[0104] The memory unit 204 is a means for storing information necessary for the operation of the information processing device 10. For example, the database mentioned above is stored in the memory unit 204.

[0105] The operation of the information processing device 10 can be summarized as shown in the flowchart in Figure 14.

[0106] First, the information processing device 10 initiates a design task for a specific level via the risk analysis unit 203.

[0107] Subsequently, the risk indicator calculation unit 202 calculates the risk indicator value based on the design results of the design task and the information (natural language) entered in the current task (step S01).

[0108] The Risk Analysis Unit 203 performs detailed analysis and proposes countermeasures as needed based on the calculated risk indicator values ​​(execution of analysis and proposal of countermeasures; step S02).

[0109] [Terminal] A detailed explanation of terminal 20 is omitted. Examples of terminal 20 include mobile devices such as smartphones, mobile phones, game consoles, and tablets, as well as computers (personal computers, laptops), etc. Terminal 20 can be any device or equipment as long as it can receive user input and communicate with the information processing device 10.

[0110] As described above, the information processing device 10 according to the first embodiment extracts risk elements at each design stage of the development process and calculates risk index values ​​that quantify the risks of the extracted risk elements. The information processing device 100 analyzes the risks using the calculated risk index values ​​and presents the analysis results to the user. As a result, appropriate quality evaluation is achieved at each stage of the development process.

[0111] [Second Embodiment] Next, a second embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0112] The information processing device 10 according to the second embodiment differs from the information processing device 10 according to the first embodiment in that it has a dialogue support unit 205 (see Figure 15).

[0113] The following will focus on explaining the differences between the first and second embodiments.

[0114] The dialogue support unit 205 acquires either the risk (risk indicator value) calculated by the risk indicator calculation unit 202 or the data output by the risk analysis unit 203, and presents it to the user.

[0115] Here, we will describe the information processing device 10 according to the second embodiment, taking as an example the case in which the risk analysis unit 203 determines the need to modify an already completed design based on the risk indicator values ​​calculated by the risk indicator calculation unit 202.

[0116] The risk analysis unit 203 determines that a design modification (design change) is necessary if the risk indicator values ​​obtained from the risk indicator calculation unit 202 include risk indicator values ​​that are greater than a predetermined threshold.

[0117] If the risk analysis unit 203 determines that a design modification is necessary, the dialogue support unit 205 issues a warning to the user (designer, etc.) and encourages the user to take prompt action. Specifically, if the risk indicator value rises, the system (information processing device 10) identifies multiple reasons for the rise and provides a user interface that clearly displays these multiple reasons.

[0118] At the same time, the Dialogue Support Unit 205 proposes specific risk reduction measures suggested by the Risk Analysis Unit 203 to the user (for example, a designer), thereby supporting the designer's decision-making.

[0119] Figure 16 shows an example of a screen output by the dialogue support unit 205 to the terminal 20. Figure 16 is a risk alert screen output by the dialogue support unit 205.

[0120] The risk alert screen is designed to notify designers of high risks that arise during the design process, encouraging them to take prompt action.

[0121] For example, at the top of the risk alert screen, a warning bell icon is displayed along with the title "Design Risk Alert." Directly below the warning bell icon, an alert banner indicating the detection of high risk is displayed.

[0122] The risk details section lists the risk indicator value, risk category, and the main reasons for high risk.

[0123] The relevant factors section lists specific constraints and requirements that influence the risk factors.

[0124] The recommended actions section presents specific action plans for risk reduction, accompanied by arrow icons.

[0125] At the bottom of the risk alert screen, two action buttons are displayed: "Start countermeasures" and "Review later," allowing the designer to choose whether to take immediate action or review the proposed course of action later.

[0126] The risk alert screen is designed to visually highlight important information, allowing designers to quickly understand risks and take appropriate action.

[0127] The risk alert screen shown in Figure 16 is generated from the information for the risk ID "R001" in Figure 13 and at least one countermeasure calculated by the risk analysis unit 203 for that risk.

[0128] At this point, the dialogue support unit 205 may accept questions from the user. When the dialogue support unit 205 accepts a question from the user, it uses natural language processing technology to understand the intent of the question and generates an appropriate answer.

[0129] In the process of generating the appropriate response, the dialogue support unit 205 refers to detailed information obtained from the risk indicator calculation unit 202 and the risk analysis unit 203, and provides specific and accurate explanations to the user's questions.

[0130] For example, if a user asks about how risk indicator values ​​are calculated, the dialogue support unit 205 will explain the evaluation results and weighting details for each risk element. Also, if a user asks about the specific implementation methods and expected effects of recommended countermeasures, the dialogue support unit 205 will generate a detailed answer based on past project data and industry best practices.

[0131] Furthermore, the dialogue support unit 205 may deepen the user's understanding by understanding the context of the user's question and providing relevant additional information. In addition, the dialogue support unit 205 may dynamically generate graphs and charts as needed to add visual explanations. Through such an interactive dialogue process, designers can gain a deeper understanding of the nature of the risks and obtain sufficient information to take appropriate measures.

[0132] Furthermore, the dialogue support unit 205 can use a large-scale language model when generating answers to questions. By utilizing a large-scale language model, the dialogue support unit 205 can interact with users in a natural dialogue format and respond flexibly to complex questions.

[0133] The model (large-scale language model) used by Dialogue Support Unit 205 has learned expertise in risk analysis and design processes, and may generate answers to user questions while considering the appropriate context.

[0134] As described above, the information processing device 10 according to the second embodiment provides users with the results of risk analysis and other information in an easy-to-understand manner using a user interface. As a result, users can easily implement necessary design changes and other modifications.

[0135] Next, we will describe the hardware of each device that makes up the information processing system. Figure 17 shows an example of the hardware configuration of the information processing device 10.

[0136] The information processing device 10 can be configured as an information processing device (a so-called computer), and has the configuration illustrated in Figure 17. For example, the information processing device 10 includes a processor 311, memory 312, input / output interface 313, and communication interface 314, etc. The components of the processor 311, etc. are connected by an internal bus or the like and are configured to communicate with each other.

[0137] However, the configuration shown in Figure 17 is not intended to limit the hardware configuration of the information processing device 10. The information processing device 10 may include hardware not shown, and it may not have to have an input / output interface 313 if necessary. Also, the number of processors 311 etc. included in the information processing device 10 is not intended to be limited to the example in Figure 17; for example, multiple processors 311 may be included in the information processing device 10.

[0138] The processor 311 is a programmable device such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), MPU (Micro Processing Unit), DSP (Digital Signal Processor), TPU (Tensor Processing Unit), or GPU (Graphics Processing Unit). Alternatively, the processor 311 may be a device such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). The processor 311 executes various programs, including an operating system (OS).

[0139] Memory 312 includes RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), HDD (Hard Disk Drive), SSD (Solid State Drive), etc. Memory 312 stores the OS program, application programs, and various data.

[0140] The input / output interface 313 is an interface for a display device or input device (not shown). The display device is, for example, a liquid crystal display. The input device is, for example, a device that accepts user input such as a keyboard or mouse.

[0141] The communication interface 314 is a circuit, module, etc., that communicates with other devices. For example, the communication interface 314 includes a NIC (Network Interface Card), etc.

[0142] The functions of the information processing device 10 are realized by various processing modules. These processing modules are realized, for example, by the processor 311 executing a program stored in the memory 312. The program can also be recorded on a computer-readable storage medium. The storage medium can be a non-transitory medium such as a semiconductor memory, hard disk, magnetic recording medium, or optical recording medium. In other words, the present invention can also be embodied as a computer program product. Furthermore, the program can be downloaded via a network or updated using the storage medium on which the program is stored. Moreover, the processing module may be realized by a semiconductor chip.

[0143] In addition, terminal 20 can also be configured using an information processing device, similar to information processing device 10, and its basic hardware configuration is no different from that of information processing device 10, so its explanation will be omitted.

[0144] The information processing device 10 is equipped with a computer, and its functions can be realized by having the computer execute a program. Furthermore, the information processing device 10 executes control methods and information processing methods based on this program.

[0145] [Differentiation] The configuration and operation of the information processing system described in the above embodiment are illustrative examples and are not intended to limit the system configuration.

[0146] In the above embodiment, the information processing device 10 was described as being implemented as a server in a server-client system. However, the information processing device 10 may also be implemented as a user's terminal 20 on which a predetermined application is installed.

[0147] In the above embodiment, the case in which the database is configured inside the information processing device 10 was described, but the database may be built on an external database server or the like. In other words, some functions of the information processing device 10 may be implemented in another device. More specifically, it is sufficient that the "risk analysis unit (risk analysis means)" etc. described above is implemented in any device included in the system.

[0148] In the flowcharts (sequence diagrams) used in the above description, multiple processes (processes) are shown in order, but the execution order of the processes performed in the embodiment is not limited to the order in which they are shown. In the embodiment, the order of the illustrated processes can be changed to the extent that it does not impair the content, for example, by executing each process in parallel.

[0149] The embodiments described above are explained in detail to facilitate understanding of the disclosure, and it is not intended that all the configurations described above are necessary. Furthermore, when multiple embodiments are described, each embodiment may be used individually or in combination. For example, it is possible to replace parts of the configuration of one embodiment with those of another embodiment, or to add configurations from other embodiments to the configuration of one embodiment. In addition, it is possible to add, delete, or replace parts of the configuration of one embodiment with those of another.

[0150] As described above, the industrial applicability of the present invention is clear, and it is particularly suitable for application to information processing systems that support system design by users.

[0151] [Note 1] A risk indicator calculation means calculates risk indicator values ​​for at least one or more risk elements associated with the design results prior to the present, using at least the design results prior to the present for multiple design tasks that constitute the system design flow, and requirements and constraints entered in natural language for the design of the system. A risk analysis means that analyzes the risk elements based on the calculated risk indicator values ​​and presents the results of the risk element analysis to the user, An information processing device equipped with the following features.

[0152] [Note 2] The information processing device described in Appendix 1, wherein the risk indicator calculation means calculates the risk indicator value assuming that design elements not yet used in the design of the system are used.

[0153] [Note 3] The risk analysis means determines, based on the calculated risk indicator values, whether or not modifications to the design completed at this time are necessary. The information processing device according to Appendix 1 or 2, further comprising a dialogue support means for displaying an alert on the user's terminal if it is determined that modifications to the design completed at the present time are necessary.

[0154] [Note 4] The risk analysis means, when the risk indicator value is greater than a predetermined threshold, performs a process to identify at least one reason why the risk indicator value is greater than the predetermined threshold. The dialogue support means is an information processing device as described in Appendix 3, which displays the identified reason on the user's terminal.

[0155] [Note 5] The risk analysis means, when the risk indicator value is greater than a predetermined threshold, performs a process to identify measures to reduce the risk indicator value that is greater than the predetermined threshold. The dialogue support means is an information processing device as described in Appendix 4, which displays the identified countermeasures on the user's terminal.

[0156] [Note 6] In an information processing device, Using the design results from at least the present time for multiple design tasks that constitute the system design flow, and the requirements and constraints entered in natural language for the design of the system, a risk index value is calculated for at least one risk element associated with the design results from the present time. An information processing method that analyzes the risk elements based on the calculated risk indicator values ​​and presents the results of the risk element analysis to the user.

[0157] [Note 7] The computer installed in the information processing device, A process for calculating risk indicator values ​​for at least one or more risk elements associated with the design results prior to the present, using at least the design results prior to the present for multiple design tasks that constitute the system design flow, and requirements and constraints entered in natural language for the design of the system. The process involves analyzing the risk elements based on the calculated risk indicator values ​​and presenting the results of the risk element analysis to the user. A program to execute.

[0158] Furthermore, some or all of the configurations described in Appendices 2 to 5, which are subordinate to Appendice 1 above, may also be subordinate to Appendices 6 and 7 in the same way as those described in Appendices 2 to 5. Moreover, not limited to Appendices 1, 6 and 7, some or all of the configurations described as appendices may also be subordinate to various hardware, software, various recording means for recording software, or systems, without departing from the embodiments described above.

[0159] Furthermore, each disclosure of the above-mentioned prior art documents cited herein is incorporated herein by reference. Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely illustrative and that various modifications are possible without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. That is, the present invention naturally includes the entire disclosure, including the claims, and various modifications and alterations that can be made by those skilled in the art in accordance with the technical idea. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0160] 10 Information Processing Devices 20 devices 100 Information Processing Devices 101 Risk Indicator Calculation Method 102 Risk Analysis Methods 201 Communication Control Unit 202 Risk Indicator Calculation Department 203 Risk Analysis Department 204 Storage section 205 Dialogue Support Department 311 Processors 312 memory 313 Input / Output Interfaces 314 Communication Interface

Claims

1. A risk indicator calculation means calculates risk indicator values ​​for at least one or more risk elements associated with the design results prior to the present, using at least the design results prior to the present for multiple design tasks constituting the system's design flow, and requirements and constraints entered in natural language for the design of the system. A risk analysis means that analyzes the risk elements based on the calculated risk indicator values ​​and presents the results of the risk element analysis to the user, An information processing device equipped with the following features.

2. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the risk indicator calculation means calculates the risk indicator value by assuming that design elements not yet used in the design of the system are used at present.

3. The risk analysis means determines, based on the calculated risk indicator values, whether or not modifications to the design completed at this time are necessary. The information processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a dialogue support means for displaying an alert on the user's terminal if it is determined that modifications to the design completed at the present time are necessary.

4. The risk analysis means, when the risk indicator value is greater than a predetermined threshold, performs a process to identify at least one reason why the risk indicator value is greater than the predetermined threshold. The information processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the dialogue support means displays the identified reason on the user's terminal.

5. The risk analysis means, when the risk indicator value is greater than a predetermined threshold, performs a process to identify measures to reduce the risk indicator value that is greater than the predetermined threshold. The information processing device according to claim 4, wherein the dialogue support means displays the identified countermeasures on the user's terminal.

6. In an information processing device, Using the design results from at least the present time for multiple design tasks that constitute the system's design flow, and the requirements and constraints entered in natural language for the design of the system, a risk index value is calculated for at least one risk element associated with the design results from the present time. An information processing method that analyzes the risk elements based on the calculated risk indicator values ​​and presents the results of the risk element analysis to the user.

7. The computer installed in the information processing device, A process for calculating risk indicator values ​​for at least one or more risk elements associated with the design results prior to the present, using at least the design results prior to the present for multiple design tasks that constitute the system's design flow, and requirements and constraints entered in natural language for the design of the system. The process involves analyzing the risk elements based on the calculated risk indicator values ​​and presenting the results of the risk element analysis to the user. A program to execute.

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