Double-skin structure and method of operating a double-skin structure

Abstract

This invention provides a double-skin structure and a method for operating a double-skin structure that can equalize the temperature inside a double-skin curtain wall. [Solution] The double-skin structure 1 comprises a double-skin curtain wall 2 in which panel materials are arranged indoors and outdoors and a space 26 is formed inside; ventilation openings 31 and 32 for introducing outside air into the space 26; a vertical duct 4 in which a duct space 41 extending in the vertical direction Z is formed; a ventilation opening 51 for the duct provided in the vertical duct 4 and connecting the duct space 41 and the space 26; and a connecting section provided at the top of the vertical duct 4 and connecting the duct space 41 and an OA duct connected to the air conditioning equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0006] , , ,

[0005] , , ,

[0001] The present invention relates to a double-skin structure and a method of operating the double-skin structure.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, a double-skin structure is known in which glass panels or the like are installed on both the indoor side and the outdoor side along the outer peripheral surface of a building, and a space is formed between them (see Patent Document 1 below). In the double-skin structure, in winter, by using the warm air inside the double-skin generated by solar radiation for air conditioning, it has contributed to reducing the heating load and preventing cold drafts in the perimeter space. If the indoor temperature setting in winter of a building is, for example, about 22 degrees, if the temperature inside the double-skin can be maintained at about 20 degrees, it can sufficiently contribute to energy savings indoors.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] However, as a result of simulation, in the conventional double-skin structure, there are locations where the temperature inside the double-skin rises to 30 degrees or more and locations where it does not even reach 20 degrees, and there is a problem that the temperature distribution is uneven.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a double-skin structure and a method of operating the double-skin structure that can equalize the temperature inside the double-skin curtain wall.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] To achieve the above objective, the present invention employs the following means. In other words, the double-skin structure according to the present invention comprises a double-skin curtain wall in which panel materials are arranged indoors and outdoors and a space is formed inside; a ventilation opening for the space into which outside air can be introduced; a vertical duct in which a duct space extending in the vertical direction is formed; and a ventilation opening for the duct provided in the vertical duct that can connect the duct space and the space.

[0007] In this double-skin structure, outside air introduced through a ventilation opening is brought into the double-skin curtain wall. This air is then introduced into a vertical duct via a ventilation opening for the duct. The air circulates within the double-skin curtain wall before being introduced into the vertical duct. Therefore, the temperature inside the double-skin curtain wall can be equalized.

[0008] Furthermore, the double-skin structure according to the present invention may include a communication section provided at the top of the vertical duct that can connect the duct space with an OA duct connected to the air conditioning equipment.

[0009] In this double-skin structure, the air introduced into the vertical duct and whose temperature has been leveled can be introduced into the OA duct from the connecting section and used in the air conditioning system.

[0010] Furthermore, in the double-skin structure according to the present invention, the duct space may be arranged adjacent to the space.

[0011] In this double-skin structure, the duct space is located adjacent to the other space. Therefore, the connecting section between the duct space and the other space can be made compact.

[0012] Furthermore, in the double-skin structure according to the present invention, the vertical duct may be an exterior material installed on the outdoor side of the panel material.

[0013] In this type of double-skin structure, the vertical ducts are exterior materials installed on the exterior side of the panel material. Therefore, the aesthetic appeal can be improved with the exterior material, and the interior can be used as a duct space.

[0014] Furthermore, the method of operating the double-skin structure according to the present invention is as follows: In the double-skin structure described above, a plurality of space ventilation openings are provided spaced apart vertically, and in winter, the upper of the plurality of space ventilation openings is opened, and the lower of the plurality of space ventilation openings is closed, thereby connecting the duct space and the space through the duct ventilation opening, and connecting the duct space and the OA duct through the connecting part.

[0015] In this configuration of the double-skin structure, during winter, outside air is introduced into the double-skin curtain wall through the upper ventilation openings. This air is then introduced into the vertical ducts via the duct ventilation openings and into the OA ducts through the connecting sections for use by the air conditioning system. The air circulates within the double-skin curtain wall before being introduced into the vertical ducts. As a result, the temperature inside the double-skin curtain wall can be leveled to approximately 20°C. [Effects of the Invention]

[0016] According to the double-skin structure and method of operating the double-skin structure of the present invention, the temperature inside the double-skin curtain wall can be equalized. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0017] [Figure 1] This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a part of a building with a double-skin structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram of a building with a double-skin structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] This is a diagram of a building with a double-skin structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4]It is a diagram showing an operation method of a building having a double - skin structure according to an embodiment of the present invention in summer. [Figure 5] It is an analysis result of a building having a double - skin structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing a temperature distribution inside a double - skin curtain wall in summer. [Figure 6] It is an analysis result of a building having a double - skin structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing a wind speed distribution inside a double - skin curtain wall in summer. [Figure 7] It is a diagram showing an operation method of a building having a double - skin structure according to an embodiment of the present invention in winter. [Figure 8] It is an analysis result of a building having a double - skin structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing a temperature distribution inside a double - skin curtain wall in winter. [Figure 9] It is an analysis result of a building having a double - skin structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing a wind speed distribution inside a double - skin curtain wall in winter. [Figure 10] It is a diagram showing an operation method in winter of Comparative Example 1. [Figure 11] It is a diagram showing an operation method in winter of Comparative Example 2. [Figure 12] It is an analysis result of Comparative Example 1, and is a diagram showing a temperature distribution inside a double - skin curtain wall in winter. [Figure 13] It is an analysis result of Comparative Example 2, and is a diagram showing a temperature distribution inside a double - skin curtain wall in winter.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0018] Hereinafter, a double - skin structure and an operation method of the double - skin structure according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a building having a double - skin structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the double-skin structure 1 according to this embodiment is installed facing the outside of the building 100. The double-skin structure 1 comprises a double-skin curtain wall 2, ventilation openings 31 and 32 for the space, a vertical duct 4, a ventilation opening 51 for the duct, and a connecting section 61 (see Figure 2).

[0019] In the following explanation, the vertical direction of building 100 will be referred to as the vertical direction Z. The direction connecting the indoor and outdoor sides of building 100 and running horizontally will be referred to as the indoor-outdoor direction X. The horizontal direction perpendicular to the vertical direction Z and the indoor-outdoor direction X will be referred to as the width direction Y.

[0020] The double-skin curtain wall 2 is installed facing the outside of the building 100. The double-skin curtain wall 2 is installed across multiple floors of the building 100. In the illustrated example, it is installed from the third floor to the top floor of the building 100, but the installation floor can be set as appropriate. The double-skin curtain wall 2 has a pair of panel sections 21, 21 and a cavity (space) 26. The double-skin curtain wall 2 may be installed across all floors of the building 100, or it may be installed on only one floor.

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of building 100. The pair of panel sections 21, 21 are spaced apart in the indoor-outdoor direction X. As shown in Figure 2, the panel section 21 consists of multiple panel materials 22 arranged adjacent to each other in the width direction Y and the vertical direction Z. The panel materials 22 can be, for example, glass plates. The materials of the outdoor panel material 22 and the indoor panel material 22 may be different.

[0022] The cavity (space) 26 is formed between a pair of panel sections 21, 21. The cavity 26 is a space that extends in the width direction Y and the vertical direction Z. The cavity 26 is formed over substantially the entire length of the pair of panel sections 21, 21 in the vertical direction Z. The cavity 26 is formed to connect vertically across multiple floors. In the illustrated example, the cavity 26 is formed to connect from the 3rd floor to the rooftop floor, but the number of floors to which it connects can be set as appropriate. The cavity 26 may also be divided in the width direction Y.

[0023] The space ventilation openings 31 and 32 are openings that connect the cavity 26 to the outside air. Outside air is introduced into the cavity 26 through the space ventilation openings 31 and 32. In the illustrated example, multiple space ventilation openings 31 are provided at the bottom of the cavity 26. Multiple space ventilation openings 32 are provided at the top of the cavity 26. The space ventilation openings 31 and 32 are equipped with opening / closing dampers (not shown). The opening / closing dampers allow the space ventilation openings 31 and 32 to be opened and closed automatically or manually. The floor and number of space ventilation openings 31 and 32 can be set as appropriate, and the space ventilation openings 31 and 32 may be provided in the middle of the vertical Z direction of the cavity 26.

[0024] As shown in Figure 1, the vertical duct 4 extends in the vertical direction Z. A duct space 41 is formed inside the vertical duct 4. The duct space 41 is formed to connect vertically across multiple floors. In the illustrated example, the duct space 41 is formed to connect from the 6th floor to the rooftop, but the number of floors to which it connects can be set as appropriate.

[0025] The vertical duct 4 is positioned adjacent to the cavity 26. In the illustrated example, it is positioned on the outdoor side of the cavity 26. The vertical duct 4 may also be positioned overlapping the cavity 26 in the indoor / outdoor direction X, or it may be positioned on the indoor side of the cavity 26. The vertical duct 4 may also be installed on a side of the building 100 different from the side on which the double-skin curtain wall 2 is installed.

[0026] As shown in Figure 2, the vertical ducts 4 are exterior materials installed on the outdoor side of a pair of panel sections 21, 21 of the double-skin curtain wall 2. Multiple vertical ducts 4 are arranged spaced apart in the width direction Y. The vertical ducts 4 are made of profiles of a metal material such as aluminum alloy. Note that the vertical ducts 4 do not have to be exterior materials. The vertical ducts 4 may be frame members that support the panel material 22, and the inside of the frame member may be a duct space. The vertical ducts 4 may be installed in only one location.

[0027] The vertical duct 4 is positioned at a height from the middle to the top end in the vertical Z direction of the double-skin curtain wall 2. In the illustrated example, it is positioned from the 6th floor to the top floor of building 100. The vertical duct 4 may also be positioned at a height from the bottom end to the top end of the double-skin curtain wall 2, and the installation height can be set as appropriate.

[0028] The duct ventilation opening 51 is located at the bottom of the vertical duct 4. The duct space 41 of the vertical duct 4 and the cavity 26 of the double-skin curtain wall 2 are connected by the duct ventilation opening 51. The duct ventilation opening 51 is equipped with an opening / closing damper (not shown). The opening / closing damper allows the duct ventilation opening 51 to be opened and closed automatically or manually. Note that the duct ventilation opening 51 does not necessarily have to be located at the bottom of the vertical duct 4; it may be located at any position in the vertical direction Z of the vertical duct 4.

[0029] Figure 3 is a diagram of building 100. As shown in Figure 3, the connecting section 61 is provided at the top of the vertical duct 4. The connecting section 61 connects the duct space 41 of the vertical duct 4 to the OA duct (supply air / outside air intake duct) 71 connected to the air conditioning equipment 76. The connecting section 61 is equipped with an opening / closing damper (not shown). The opening / closing damper allows the connecting section 61 to be opened and closed automatically or manually. In the illustrated example, the air conditioning equipment 76 is shown as a total heat exchanger. A fan 72 is installed on the OA duct 71 on the rooftop floor. Indoor air is discharged from the circulation / exhaust duct 73. The connecting section 61 can be provided at any position in the vertical direction Z of the vertical duct 4.

[0030] Next, we will explain how to operate a double-skin structure. (Mode 1: Summer) Figure 4 shows the summer operation method for building 100. Figure 5 shows the analysis results for building 100, specifically the temperature distribution within the double-skin curtain wall 2 during the summer. Figure 6 shows the analysis results for building 100, specifically the wind speed distribution within the double-skin curtain wall 2 during the summer. The solar heat absorbed by the blinds installed on building 100 is exhausted through ventilation, thereby enhancing the solar shading effect. If ventilation is not performed properly, the temperature of the cavity 26 within the double-skin curtain wall 2 will rise, raising concerns about re-radiation into the room. If the wind speed in the cavity 26 within the double-skin curtain wall 2 is too fast, the blinds will sway. Therefore, as shown in Figure 4, in summer, the space ventilation openings 31 and 32 of the double-skin curtain wall 2 are kept open. The duct ventilation openings 51 and connecting section 61 of the vertical duct 4 are kept closed. Mode 1: Summer operating conditions are, for example, when the outside temperature is higher than the room temperature and the temperature inside the cavity 26 is high due to solar radiation.

[0031] As shown in Figure 5, the analysis results confirmed that the temperature of the cavity 26 within the double-skin curtain wall 2 was kept below 50°C due to the exhaust temperature, indicating a good ventilation plan and opening area. As shown in Figure 6, the air velocity in the cavity 26 within the double-skin curtain wall 2 was confirmed to be approximately 1 m / s.

[0032] (Mode 2: Winter) Figure 7 shows the winter operation method for building 100. Figure 8 shows the temperature distribution inside the double-skin curtain wall 2 during winter, based on the analysis results for building 100. Figure 9 shows the wind speed distribution inside the double-skin curtain wall 2 during winter, based on the analysis results for building 100. As shown in Figure 7, in winter, the upper ventilation opening 32 of the double-skin curtain wall 2 is opened, and the lower ventilation opening 31 is closed. The duct ventilation opening 51 and connecting section 61 of the vertical duct 4 are opened. The cavity 26 of the double-skin curtain wall 2 and the duct space 41 of the vertical duct 4 are connected. As a result, air circulates within the cavity 26 of the double-skin curtain wall 2. The warm air in the cavity 26 of the double-skin curtain wall 2 can be introduced into the rooms on each floor via the fan 72 and used for air conditioning. Mode 2: Winter mode is operated under conditions such as when the outside temperature is lower than the room temperature, and the temperature inside the cavity 26 is high due to solar radiation.

[0033] As shown in Figure 8, it was confirmed that the temperature drop in the cavity 26 within the double-skin curtain wall 2 could be suppressed. As shown in Figure 9, it was confirmed that the air velocity in the cavity 26 within the double-skin curtain wall 2 was approximately 1 m / s, indicating a gentle circulation.

[0034] (Comparative Examples 1 and 2) Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are shown as examples of winter driving methods as shown in Figure 7 above. Figure 10 shows the winter operation method for Comparative Example 1. Figure 11 shows the winter operation method for Comparative Example 2. Figure 12 shows the analysis results for Comparative Example 1, illustrating the temperature distribution inside the double-skin curtain wall during winter. Figure 13 shows the analysis results for Comparative Example 2, illustrating the temperature distribution inside the double-skin curtain wall during winter. As shown in Figure 10, in Comparative Example 1, the ventilation opening 31 for the space of the double-skin curtain wall 2 is opened, and the ventilation opening 32 for the space is closed. The ventilation opening 51 for the duct and the connecting section 61 for the vertical duct 4 are closed. As shown in Figure 11, in Comparative Example 2, the ventilation opening 31 for the space of the double-skin curtain wall 2 is opened, and the ventilation opening 32 for the space is closed. The ventilation opening 51 for the duct and the connecting section 61 for the vertical duct 4 are open.

[0035] As shown in Figure 12, in Comparative Example 1, it was confirmed that the temperature in the upper part of the cavity 26 within the double-skin curtain wall 2 exceeded 30°C due to the greenhouse effect. When the temperature inside the cavity 26 becomes higher than the assumed room temperature, energy loss occurs. As shown in Figure 13, in Comparative Example 2, the intake temperature was 22°C, which is about 11°C higher than the outside air, but the temperature in the lower layer was close to the outside air, which was found to be undesirable for an indoor environment.

[0036] In the double-skin structure 1 and the method of operating the double-skin structure configured in this way, outside air introduced through the space ventilation openings 31, 31 is introduced into the double-skin curtain wall 2. This air is then introduced into the vertical duct 4 via the duct ventilation opening 51. The air is circulated within the double-skin curtain wall 2 before being introduced into the vertical duct 4. Therefore, the temperature inside the double-skin curtain wall 2 can be equalized.

[0037] Furthermore, the air introduced into the vertical duct 4, whose temperature has been leveled, can be introduced into the OA duct 71 from the connecting section 61 and used by the air conditioning equipment 76.

[0038] Furthermore, the duct space 41 is located adjacent to the cavity 26. Therefore, the connecting section 61 that connects the duct space 41 and the cavity 26 can be made into a compact configuration.

[0039] Furthermore, the vertical duct 4 is an exterior material installed on the outdoor side of the panel material 22. Therefore, it can improve the aesthetic appearance with an exterior material, and its interior can be used as a duct space 41.

[0040] In winter, outside air introduced through the upper ventilation opening 32 is brought into the double-skin curtain wall 2. This air is then introduced into the vertical duct 4 via the duct ventilation opening 51, and then into the OA duct 71 through the connecting section 61 for use by the air conditioning equipment 76. The air is circulated within the double-skin curtain wall 2 before being introduced into the vertical duct 4. As a result, the temperature inside the double-skin curtain wall 2 can be leveled to approximately 20°C.

[0041] It should be noted that the shapes and combinations of the constituent members shown in the above-described embodiments are merely examples, and can be modified in various ways based on design requirements, etc., without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0042] The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are 17 international goals adopted at the UN Summit in September 2015. The double-skin structure and the method of operating the double-skin structure according to this embodiment can contribute to achieving some of the 17 SDGs, such as goal 13, "Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts." [Explanation of Symbols]

[0043] 1. Double-skin structure 2 Double-skin curtain wall 4. Vertical ducts 22 Panel materials 26 Cavity (space) 31,32 Ventilation grilles for spaces 41 Duct space 51 Duct ventilation opening 61 Communication part 71 OA duct Z vertical direction

Claims

1. A double-skin curtain wall, in which panel materials are placed both indoors and outdoors, creating a space inside, A ventilation opening for space into which outside air can be introduced into the aforementioned space, A vertical duct is formed in which a duct space extending in the vertical direction, A double-skin structure comprising a duct ventilation opening provided in the vertical duct, which allows the duct space to communicate with the space.

2. The double-skin structure according to claim 1, comprising a communication section provided at the upper part of the vertical duct, which is capable of connecting the duct space with an OA duct connected to an air conditioning system.

3. The double-skin structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the duct space is arranged adjacent to the space.

4. The double-skin structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the vertical duct is an exterior material installed on the outdoor side of the panel material.

5. In the double-skin structure according to claim 1 or 2, a plurality of ventilation openings for the space are provided spaced apart vertically, In winter, the upper of the multiple ventilation openings is opened, and the lower of the multiple ventilation openings is closed. A method for operating a double-skin structure that connects the duct space and the space through the aforementioned ventilation opening for the duct.

Images