Method for forming coating material and coating film

Abstract

This invention provides a coating material that can form a new, highly decorative coating film that differs from conventional products. [Solution] The present invention provides a coating material comprising liquid or gel-like color particles dispersed in an aqueous clear coating material, wherein the coating material is for forming a color particle stretching pattern, the liquid or gel-like color particles contain a coloring pigment in a ratio of 4% by mass or less, and the aqueous clear coating material contains flake-like powder particles with an average particle diameter of more than 200 μm.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a novel coating material and a method for forming a coating film using the coating material. [Background technology]

[0002] Traditionally, the walls of buildings and civil engineering structures have been coated with various coating materials for purposes such as surface protection and aesthetic improvement. Among these, coating materials in which liquid or gel-like color particles are dispersed in an aqueous medium are used in applications where high aesthetic appeal is required, as they can form a richly colored coating film.

[0003] In such coating materials, various methods have been considered to improve the aesthetic appearance of the resulting coating film. As an example, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2006-326494) discloses a method in which a material in which gelled colored particles (color granules) are dispersed in water, i.e., a water-based multi-color coating, is applied to a coating substrate, and then the coating is finished by pulling and pressing it in a certain direction with a pressing tool (Claim 1, paragraphs 0008, 0019-0020, etc.). With this method, the color granules are crushed, and a large pattern can be formed. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2006-326494 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0005] However, the above-mentioned patent document aims to increase the size of the color particles and improve the opacity of the formed coating film, and the resulting pattern is limited to a spotted pattern.

[0006] This invention has been made in view of these points, and aims to provide a coating material that can form a new, highly decorative coating film different from conventional products. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] To solve these problems, the inventors, after diligent research, conceived of a coating material in which specific colored particles in liquid or gel form are dispersed in a specific aqueous clear coating material, and thus completed the present invention.

[0008] In other words, the present invention has the following features. 1. A coating material comprising liquid or gel-like color particles dispersed in a water-based clear coating material, The above coating material is a coating material for forming a color particle stretching pattern, The above liquid or gel-like color particles contain coloring pigments in a ratio of 4% by mass or less. The above-mentioned water-based clear coating material contains flake-like powder particles with an average particle size exceeding 200 μm. A covering material characterized by the following features. 2. The above liquid or gel-like colored particles contain powders with an average particle size of 1 μm or larger. The coating material according to 1., characterized by the features described above. 3. The above water-based clear coating material contains powders and granules with an average particle size of 200 μm or less. The coating material according to 1., characterized by the features described above. 4. A method for forming a coating film, characterized by applying a coating material described in any of 1. to 3. to the surface to be coated, and then stretching the color particles using a pressing tool while the coating film of the coating material is still wet. 5. A method for forming a coating film, characterized by applying a main material containing a resin component and powder / granules to the surface to be coated to form a main material coating film having an uneven pattern, then applying a coating material according to any of 1. to 3., and then stretching the color granules using a pressing tool while the coating film of the coating material is still wet. 6. The coating film forming method according to 5, characterized in that the main material includes a transparent aggregate as a powder or granular material. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to the coating material of the present invention, a new, highly decorative coating film can be formed that differs from conventional spotted patterns. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0010] The following describes embodiments for carrying out the present invention.

[0011] The coating material of the present invention is a coating material comprising liquid or gel-like color particles (hereinafter also simply referred to as "color particles") dispersed in an aqueous clear coating material, and is a coating material for forming a color particle stretching pattern, characterized in that the liquid or gel-like color particles contain a coloring pigment in a ratio of 4% by mass or less, and the aqueous clear coating material contains flake-like powder particles with an average particle diameter of more than 200 μm.

[0012] The coating material of the present invention can form a new, highly decorative coating film that differs from conventional spotted patterns. Specifically, it can form patterns created by stretching color particles, i.e., stretched color particle patterns. According to the present invention, stretched color particle patterns (e.g., flowing patterns, streaky patterns, etc.) that differ from simple granular patterns are formed. Moreover, because the coating material of the present invention contains specific powders and granules, the workability when stretching the color particles can be improved, making it advantageous in terms of improving finish quality and other aspects.

[0013] Such coating materials can be used as materials specified in JIS K5667:2003 "Multicolor Pattern Paints". Such materials are classified into oil-in-water (O / W) type, water-in-water (W / W) type, etc., depending on the combination of color particles and medium (color particles / medium). The coating material of the present invention can preferably be of the water-in-water (W / W) type.

[0014] In the coating material of the present invention, an aqueous clear coating material containing scaly powder particles having an average particle diameter exceeding 200 μm is used as the aqueous medium. Such an aqueous clear coating material has a role as a medium for color particles and can form a clear coating film, and plays a role such as fixing color particles in the formed coating film. In the present invention, since the aqueous clear coating material contains scaly powder particles having an average particle diameter exceeding 200 μm, the workability when stretching color particles can be improved, and it is also suitable in terms of improving finish and the like.

[0015] The aqueous clear coating material can contain a resin emulsion (a1) and scaly powder particles (g1) having an average particle diameter exceeding 200 μm as constituent components. The aqueous clear coating material may be any material that can form a transparent coating film in which color particles can be visually recognized.

[0016] The resin emulsion (a1) (hereinafter also referred to as the “(a1) component”) acts as a binder for the coating film and can form a clear coating film. Examples of the (a1) component include acrylic resin emulsion, urethane resin emulsion, vinyl acetate resin emulsion, epoxy resin emulsion, silicone resin emulsion, fluororesin emulsion, acrylic vinyl acetate resin emulsion, acrylic urethane resin emulsion, acrylic silicone resin emulsion, etc., and one or more of these can be used. Among these, acrylic resin emulsion, acrylic silicone resin emulsion, etc. are particularly suitable.

[0017] The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the (a1) component is preferably 30°C or lower, more preferably -10°C to 30°C. When the (a1) component has such a glass transition temperature, it becomes possible to form a coating film excellent in crack resistance, substrate followability, etc. When the glass transition temperature of the (a1) component is not less than the above lower limit, the stain resistance, etc. can be enhanced, and the aesthetic appearance of the coating film can be sufficiently maintained over a long period. The glass transition temperature can be determined by Fox's calculation formula. In the present invention, “α~β” is synonymous with “α or more and β or less”.

[0018] The solid content of the (a1) component is preferably 5 to 50% by mass, more preferably 15 to 45% by mass, in the aqueous clear coating material.

[0019] The flaky powder particles (g1) with an average particle diameter exceeding 200 μm in the aqueous clear coating material (hereinafter also referred to as the "(g1) component") have a flaky particle shape. By including the (g1) component in the aqueous clear coating material, the workability when stretching color particles can be improved, and it is also suitable in terms of improving the finish. In particular, it is effective when the color particles contain the (h) component (especially the (h2) component) described below.

[0020] Examples of such (g1) components include inorganic flakes such as mica, sericite, clay, talc, plate-shaped kaolin, barium sulfate flakes, glass flakes, alumina flakes, shell pieces, and metal pieces, or rubber pieces, plastic pieces, wood pieces, etc. Further, those obtained by surface-treating these as base particles (for example, those surface-treated by a method of coating (or adsorbing) a colorant containing a pigment, dye, etc. to the base particles, a method of subjecting the base particles to a firing treatment, etc.) are also included. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0021] The (g1) component is not particularly limited as long as its shape is flaky (lamellar), but the aspect ratio (the ratio of "short diameter / thickness") is preferably 1.5 to 2000, more preferably 2 to 500, and even more preferably 3 to 100. Also, the ratio of the short diameter to the long diameter (short diameter / long diameter) is preferably 0.3 to 1, more preferably 0.4 to 1, and even more preferably 0.5 to 1. Here, the "short diameter", "long diameter", and "thickness" referred to are calculated as follows: when the flaky powder particles are stably placed on a horizontal plane and observed from above using a microscope, the length of the shortest part is the "short diameter", the length of the longest part is the "long diameter", and the maximum height from the bottom surface is the "thickness".

[0022] The average particle size of such (g1) component is greater than 200 μm, preferably 212 to 4000 μm, more preferably 300 to 2800 μm, and particularly preferably 500 to 2000 μm. The average particle size of (g1) component is the D50 value, which is determined by sieving using a metal mesh sieve as specified in JIS Z8801-1:2019. This average particle size D50 is the 50% cumulative particle size, which is the particle size that, when sieved, accumulates to 50% by mass (average value of mass distribution) from the finer particles.

[0023] The mixing ratio of (g1) is preferably 0.5 to 80 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 45 parts by mass, and even more preferably 2 to 30 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the solid content of component (a1). When the flake-shaped powder is mixed in such a ratio, the workability when stretching the colored particles and the finish after stretching the colored particles can be further improved.

[0024] In water-based clear coatings, in addition to component (g1), granular material (g2) with an average particle size of 200 μm or less (hereinafter also referred to as "component (g2)") can be used. This configuration is advantageous for improving workability when stretching the color particles and the finish after stretching the color particles. This effect is thought to be achieved through a combination of factors, such as component (g1) affecting the ease of stretching the color particles and component (g2) suppressing fusion between color particles and improving the dispersibility of component (g1).

[0025] Examples of powders and granules (g2) with an average particle size of 200 μm or less in water-based clear coatings include heavy calcium carbonate, granular stone, light calcium carbonate, white carbon, talc, kaolin, clay, earthenware clay, china clay, diatomaceous earth, barite powder, barium sulfate, precipitated barium sulfate, silica sand, silica powder, quartz powder, gravel, glass beads, resin beads, hollow glass beads, hollow resin beads, mica, sericite, plate-like kaolin, barium sulfate flakes, glass flakes, alumina flakes, shell fragments, metal fragments, rubber fragments, plastic fragments, wood fragments, etc., or crushed materials such as rocks, glass, shells, sintered bodies, plastics, rubber, and waste glass. These may be surface-treated. These can be used individually or in combination of two or more types. The mixing ratio of component (g2) is preferably 3 to 200 parts by mass, more preferably 5 to 150 parts by mass, and even more preferably 10 to 120 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the solid content of component (a1).

[0026] The (g2) component should preferably have a refractive index of 1.4 to 1.7 from the viewpoint of the clarity of the coating film. The refractive index can be measured using an Abbe refractometer. The average particle size of the (g2) component is the D50 value, i.e., the 50% cumulative particle size value based on volume (cumulative from the fine particle side), and can be measured using a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer.

[0027] Furthermore, in water-based clear coatings, the (g2) component can be either a powder or granular material with an average particle size of 1 μm or more and less than 15 μm (g21) (hereinafter also referred to as "(g21) component") or a powder or granular material with an average particle size of 15 μm or more and 200 μm or less (g22) (hereinafter also referred to as "(g22) component"). By using a combination of (g21) component and (g22) component with different average particle sizes as the (g2) component in a water-based clear coating, in addition to the effects mentioned above, it is possible to enhance performance such as matte finish, crack resistance, and substrate conformability.

[0028] The average particle size of component (g21) is 1 μm or more and less than 15 μm, preferably 1 to 14 μm, more preferably 2 to 12 μm. The average particle size of component (g22) is 15 μm or more and 200 μm or less, preferably 16 to 100 μm, more preferably 18 to 80 μm.

[0029] The mixing ratio of component (g21) is preferably 0.5 to 80 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 50 parts by mass, and even more preferably 2 to 30 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the solid content of component (a1). The mixing ratio of component (g22) is preferably 3 to 100 parts by mass, more preferably 5 to 90 parts by mass, and even more preferably 10 to 80 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the solid content of component (a1). Furthermore, the mass ratio of component (g21) to component (g22) {(g21):(g22)} is preferably 1:99 to 80:20, more preferably 2:98 to 50:50, and even more preferably 3:97 to 40:60. With such mixing ratios of component (g21) and component (g22), in addition to the above effects, performance such as matte finish, crack resistance, and substrate conformability can be sufficiently enhanced.

[0030] In the present invention, the above effect can be further enhanced by using a particle with a perfectly spherical shape (hereinafter referred to as "perfectly spherical granules") as component (g2) (component (g21) and / or component (g22)). Preferably, the perfectly spherical granules have a ratio of major axis to minor axis (major axis / minor axis) of 0.8 to 1.2 (preferably 0.9 to 1.1, more preferably 0.95 to 1.05). Various materials, both organic and inorganic, can be used as the material for the perfectly spherical granules, such as glass beads, resin beads, hollow glass beads, and hollow resin beads. These can be used individually or in combination of two or more. The mass ratio of component (g1) to the perfectly spherical granules ((g1) component:perfectly spherical granules) is preferably 5:95 to 80:20, more preferably 10:90 to 50:50. In the present invention, component (g21) and / or component (g22) may contain spherical granular material, and it is desirable that at least component (g22) contains spherical granular material.

[0031] In water-based clear coatings, known additives can be appropriately mixed in addition to the components described above. Examples of such additives include dispersion stabilizers, water-soluble resins, pigment dispersants, emulsifiers, thickeners, film-forming aids, leveling agents, coupling agents, wetting agents, plasticizers, antifreeze agents, pH adjusters, drying adjusters, preservatives, antifungal agents, antialgal agents, antibacterial agents, defoaming agents, adsorbents, deodorizers, ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers, antioxidants, catalysts, crosslinking agents, solvents, and water. Resin emulsions other than component (a1) can also be mixed in, as long as they do not significantly impair the effects of the present invention.

[0032] The ratio of water (including water that is a medium such as component (a1)) in the aqueous clear coating material is preferably 80 to 800 parts by mass, more preferably 100 to 600 parts by mass, and even more preferably 120 to 500 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the solid content of component (a1).

[0033] In water-based clear coatings, a dispersion stabilizer may be included to stably disperse the color particles. The dispersion stabilizer can be selected according to the type of resin and colorant that make up the color particles. Specific examples of dispersion stabilizers include magnesium salts, calcium salts, barium salts, aluminum salts, sodium salts, potassium salts, borates, silicates, phosphates, etc. In addition, water-soluble polymers, clays, etc. can also be used as dispersion stabilizers. Such dispersion stabilizers can also be used as gelling agents. The mixing ratio of the dispersion stabilizer is preferably 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 15 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the solid content of component (a1).

[0034] Liquid or gel-like color particles in the coating material contribute to the formation of a highly decorative coating film. Such color particles contain a coloring pigment in a ratio of 4% by mass or less (preferably 0.1 to 2% by mass, more preferably 0.3 to 1.5% by mass, and even more preferably 0.5 to 1.3% by mass), and the color particles themselves are transparent. Therefore, in this invention, the naturalness of the stretched pattern created by the color particles is enhanced, and the texture of the finished appearance can be improved. Specifically, the edges of the stretched color particles become blurred, making them easier to blend with the coated surface and enhancing the natural appearance.

[0035] The color particles in the coating material can be obtained, for example, by dispersing a coloring material containing an aqueous resin, a coloring pigment, and various additives as needed, in a liquid or gel-like state in an aqueous medium. The inclusion of an aqueous resin in the coloring material constituting the color particles allows the coating material to be in a water-in-water (W / W) configuration. As the aqueous resin, a resin emulsion and / or a water-soluble resin can be used.

[0036] In the present invention, a resin emulsion (a2) can be used as the aqueous resin in the coloring agent. Examples of resin emulsions (a2) (hereinafter also referred to as "component (a2)") include acrylic resin emulsion, urethane resin emulsion, vinyl acetate resin emulsion, silicone resin emulsion, fluororesin emulsion, acrylic vinyl acetate resin emulsion, acrylic urethane resin emulsion, acrylic silicone resin emulsion, etc., and one or more of these can be used. Among these, acrylic resin emulsion and acrylic silicone resin emulsion are particularly preferred.

[0037] The glass transition temperature (Tg) of component (a2) is preferably -10 to 80°C, more preferably 10 to 60°C, and can also be set to a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature of component (a1).

[0038] (a2) The solid content of component (a2) is preferably 5 to 50% by mass, and more preferably 10 to 40% by mass, in the coloring agent.

[0039] The coloring agent constituting the color particles preferably comprises a water-soluble resin component (a2) and a water-soluble resin. Examples of water-soluble resins include polyvinyl alcohol, poly(meth)acrylic acid, polyethylene oxide, water-soluble urethane, biogum, galactomannan derivatives, alginic acid or its derivatives, cellulose derivatives, gelatin, casein, albumin, etc., or chemically modified versions thereof obtained by oxidation, methylation, carboxymethylation, hydroxyethylation, hydroxypropylation, sulfation, phosphorylation, cationization, etc. These can be used individually or in combination of two or more. Such water-soluble resins can contribute to the stabilization of color particle formation and can also be used as gel-forming agents. In the present invention, by including both of these in the coloring agent, color particles can be stably formed, and the weather resistance, water resistance, etc. of the coating film can be improved.

[0040] The ratio of component (a2) to water-soluble resin in the coloring agent is preferably 99.8:0.2 to 70:30, and more preferably 99.5:0.5 to 90:10, in terms of solid content mass ratio (solid content of component (a2): solid content of water-soluble resin).

[0041] In colorants, coloring pigments are components that impart color to color particles. Examples of coloring pigments include inorganic chromatic pigments such as ferric oxide (red iron oxide), yellow iron oxide, ultramarine, cobalt blue, and cobalt green; organic chromatic pigments such as azo, naphthol, pyrazolone, anthraquinone, perylene, quinacridone, disazo, isoindolinone, benzimidazole, phthalocyanine, and quinophthalone; black pigments such as carbon black, iron-manganese composite oxide, iron-copper-manganese composite oxide, iron-chromium-cobalt composite oxide, copper-chromium composite oxide, copper-manganese-chromium composite oxide, black iron oxide, iron-chromium composite oxide, manganese-bismuth composite oxide, and manganese-yttrium composite oxide; white pigments such as titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and alumina; and other pigments such as pearl pigments, aluminum pigments, luminescent pigments, phosphorescent pigments, and fluorescent pigments. These can be used individually or in combination of two or more. The average particle size of the coloring pigment is preferably 10 μm or less, more preferably 1 μm or less, and even more preferably 0.01 to 0.9 μm. The average particle size of the coloring pigment is the D50 value measured using a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer, as described above.

[0042] The ratio of coloring pigment in the coloring material is 4% by mass or less, preferably 0.1 to 2% by mass, more preferably 0.3 to 1.5% by mass, and even more preferably 0.5 to 1.3% by mass. By keeping the mixing ratio of coloring pigment below the above upper limit, the transparency of the color particles can be increased, and by keeping it above the above lower limit, the desired color can be imparted to the color particles. In the present invention, such color particles can enhance the natural appearance of stretched patterns.

[0043] The mixing ratio of the coloring pigment in the coloring material is preferably 40 parts by mass or less, more preferably 0.5 to 30 parts by mass, and more preferably 1 to 20 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the solid content of component (a2).

[0044] The coloring material constituting the color particles may include, in addition to the above-mentioned (a2) component and coloring pigment, powder particles (h) with an average particle size of 1 μm or more. This results in color particles containing powder particles (h) with an average particle size of 1 μm or more. In the present invention, by including powder particles (h) with an average particle size of 1 μm or more in the color particles of the coating material, the degree of blurring at the edges of the stretched color particles and their ability to blend into the coated surface are improved, further enhancing the natural appearance and improving the texture of the finished appearance.

[0045] As the powdery material (h) (hereinafter also referred to as "(h) component") with an average particle diameter of 1 μm or more in the colored particles, for example, extender pigments, aggregates, etc., can be used. Among these, examples of extender pigments include heavy calcium carbonate, light calcium carbonate, kaolin, clay, pottery clay, china clay, diatomaceous earth, hydrated fine silica, talc, barite powder, barium sulfate, precipitated barium sulfate, barium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, silica powder, aluminum hydroxide, resin beads, resin powder, etc. These can be used individually or in combination of two or more. The average particle diameter of the extender pigment contained in the colored particles is preferably 1 μm or more and less than 50 μm, more preferably 2 to 48 μm. The average particle diameter of the extender pigment is the D50 value measured using a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer, as described above.

[0046] Preferably, aggregates with an average particle size of 50 μm or more, more preferably 53 to 1000 μm, even more preferably 63 to 600 μm, and particularly preferably 75 to 300 μm can be used. Examples of such aggregates include marble, granite, serpentinite, fluorite, feldspar, limestone, silica, silica sand, crushed stone, mica, siliceous shale, and their crushed products, crushed ceramics, crushed glass, glass beads, crushed resin, resin beads, rubber granules, metal granules, shirasu balloons, glass balloons, perlite, pumice, hollow balloons, etc. Crushed seashells, coral, wood, charcoal, activated carbon, waste glass, etc., can also be used. Furthermore, aggregates whose surfaces have been colored by surface treatment with pigments, dyes, glazes, etc., can also be used. The average particle size of the aggregate is the D50 value, which is determined by sieving using a metal mesh sieve as specified in JIS Z8801-1:2019. This average particle size D50 is the 50% cumulative particle size, and refers to the particle size that, after sieving, accumulates to 50% by mass (average value of mass distribution) from the finer particles.

[0047] The color particles preferably contain powders with an average particle size of 1 μm or more and less than 50 μm (h1), and / or powders with an average particle size of 50 μm or more (h2). In the present invention, it is preferable that the color particles contain either one of these powders, and more preferably both. In this configuration, the ends of the stretched color particles become more naturally faded, which is advantageous in terms of improving aesthetic appeal. Furthermore, it is possible to improve the ability to prevent uneven gloss of the formed coating film. For example, the above-mentioned extender pigment can be used as the powders with an average particle size of 1 μm or more and less than 50 μm (h1), and the above-mentioned aggregate can be used as the powders with an average particle size of 50 μm or more (h2).

[0048] It is desirable that powder particles (h) with an average particle diameter of 1 μm or more be included in the colored particles in a ratio of preferably 2 to 50% by mass, more preferably 5 to 40% by mass, and even more preferably 8 to 30% by mass. Furthermore, the mass ratio {(h1 component):(h2 component)} of powder particles with an average particle diameter of 1 μm or more and less than 50 μm (h1) to powder particles with an average particle diameter of 50 μm or more (h2) is preferably 90:10 to 10:90, more preferably 80:20 to 20:80. When powder particles are included in such a ratio, the above effects can be enhanced and it is more preferable.

[0049] The mixing ratio of powders (h) with an average particle size of 1 μm or more in the coloring agent is preferably 10 to 500 parts by mass, more preferably 30 to 400 parts by mass, and even more preferably 50 to 300 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the solid content of component (a2). Furthermore, the mass ratio {(h1) component:(h2) component} of powders (h1) with an average particle size of 1 μm or more and less than 50 μm and powders (h2) with an average particle size of 50 μm or more is preferably 90:10 to 10:90, and more preferably 80:20 to 20:80. When the powders are included in such a ratio, the above effects can be enhanced and it is more preferable.

[0050] In addition to the components mentioned above, the coloring agent may contain various additives. Examples of such additives include pigment dispersants, emulsifiers, thickeners, film-forming aids, leveling agents, coupling agents, wetting agents, plasticizers, antifreeze agents, pH adjusters, drying adjusters, preservatives, antifungal agents, antialgal agents, antibacterial agents, defoaming agents, fibers, gel-forming agents, adsorbents, deodorizers, UV absorbers, light stabilizers, antioxidants, catalysts, crosslinking agents, solvents, and water. It is also possible to mix in resin emulsions other than component (a2) as long as they do not significantly impair the effects of the present invention.

[0051] The ratio of water (including water used as a medium such as aqueous resin) in the coloring agent is preferably 80 to 800 parts by mass, more preferably 100 to 600 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the solid content of component (a2).

[0052] The method for granulating the coloring agent is not particularly limited, and known methods can be used. For example, a method similar to the manufacturing method of materials specified in JIS K5667:2003 "Multicolor Pattern Paints" can be used. Specifically, for example, a method can be used in which the coloring agent is dispersed in a medium containing a dispersion stabilizer (some or all of the components of the aqueous clear coating material). The dispersion stabilizer is a component that stabilizes the coloring agent into granules, and acts as a gelling agent for the coloring agent, for example.

[0053] The particle size and shape of the color particles can be set as appropriate. Specifically, for example, the shape of the stirring blades during manufacturing, the size and position of the stirring blades relative to the stirring tank, the rotation speed of the stirring blades, the stirring time, the viscosity of the coloring agent, the method and concentration of adding the dispersion stabilizer, the viscosity of the medium, etc., can be appropriately selected and adjusted. The average particle size of the color particles is preferably 0.5 to 20 mm (more preferably 1 to 18 mm, and even more preferably 1.2 to 15 mm). In this invention, the average particle size of the color particles is obtained by drying the color particles on a standard white paper for 48 hours under standard conditions (temperature 23°C, relative humidity 50%; the same applies hereinafter) and calculating the average value of their major axis (average value of 50 color particles).

[0054] To obtain a coating material containing two or more types (two or more colors) of colored particles, for example, A method of preparing color particle dispersions (color particle dispersions containing one type of color particle) in which one type of coloring agent is dispersed in a medium, and then mixing them, or A method for obtaining a color particle dispersion (a color particle dispersion containing two or more color particles) by simultaneously or sequentially adding and dispersing two or more colorants with different color tones, etc., into a medium. Such methods can be employed. In such methods, part or all of the water-based clear coating material can be used as the medium. If a color particle dispersion is prepared using part of the water-based clear coating material as the medium, the remaining components of the water-based clear coating material can be mixed into the color particle dispersion.

[0055] In the coating material, the mass ratio of color particles to water-based clear coating material (color particles:water-based clear coating material) is preferably 1:99 to 80:20 (more preferably 10:90 to 75:25, and even more preferably 30:70 to 70:30).

[0056] The coating material of the present invention may contain a mixture of color particles that do not contain component (h), color particles that contain component (h), transparent gel particles, etc., as long as the effects of the present invention are not significantly impaired. When the coating material contains color particles that contain component (h), the proportion of color particles that contain component (h) among the total color particles in the coating material is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, and even more preferably 90-100% by mass.

[0057] The coating material of the present invention can be applied by methods such as spraying, roller application, or brush application. In the present invention, if component (g2) is included, its action can improve workability when applying by spraying, roller, or brush. The amount of coating material to be applied is preferably 0.6 kg / m². 2 More preferably, 0.1 to 0.5 kg / m 2 More preferably 0.2 to 0.4 kg / m 2 The amount of coating material to be applied (in terms of solid content) is preferably 0.3 kg / m². 2 The following is more preferably 0.05~0.2 kg / m 2 More preferably 0.08 to 0.18 kg / m 2 Therefore, by applying the coating material under these conditions, the aesthetic appeal of the color particle stretched pattern can be further enhanced. The coating or drying of the coating material may preferably be carried out at room temperature (preferably 0 to 50°C, more preferably 5 to 45°C).

[0058] When applying the coating material, the viscosity can be adjusted as appropriate by mixing in a diluent such as water. The dilution ratio is preferably 0 to 10% by mass. The viscosity of the coating material to be applied is preferably 1 to 30 Pa·s (more preferably 2 to 20 Pa·s), and the thixotropy index is preferably 2 to 9 (even more preferably 3 to 8).

[0059] <Surface to be coated> Examples of surfaces to be painted in this invention include interior and exterior surfaces of buildings, civil engineering structures, etc. (e.g., exterior walls, interior walls, ceilings, roofs, etc.). Examples of substrates constituting such surfaces to be painted include concrete, mortar, and plate-shaped substrates. Among these, examples of plate-shaped substrates include cement boards, extruded boards, slate boards, PC boards, ALC boards, fiber-reinforced cement boards, metal siding boards, ceramic siding boards, ceramic boards, calcium silicate boards, plastic boards, hard wood chip cement boards, PVC extruded siding boards, and plywood. When the surface to be painted is composed of multiple plate-shaped substrates, the joints between the plate-shaped substrates may be filled with jointing materials such as sealants and dry jointing materials.

[0060] The above-mentioned substrate may have an existing coating film. Such an existing coating film is formed, for example, by one or more types of coating agents. Various types of coating agents can be used, such as colored or uncolored, or opaque or transparent. Examples include those containing one or more resins selected from vinyl acetate resin, alkyd resin, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, urethane resin, acrylic silicone resin, silicone resin, fluororesin, etc. The existing coating film is one or more layers and may be, for example, an elastic type, a rigid type, etc.

[0061] In the present invention, the substrate can also be coated with various coating materials to be used as the surface to be coated. Examples of such coating materials include undercoats and surface preparation coatings (e.g., sealers, primers, surfacers, fillers, putties, etc.), and various finishing coatings.

[0062] <Main material> In this invention, a main material containing a resin component and powder / granules is applied to the surface to be coated to form a main material coating film having an uneven pattern, and then the coating material is applied. While the coating film of the coating material is still wet, the color particles can be stretched using a pressing tool. The main material is not particularly limited as long as it can form an uneven pattern. Such an uneven pattern is a surface pattern with height differences of approximately 0.2 to 5 mm.

[0063] In this invention, when such a main coating film is formed, the color particles are stretched on the main coating film which has an uneven pattern. As a result, the degree of stretching varies depending on the position of the color particles, and a natural-looking pattern can be formed in which flow patterns of various shapes are mixed together. Furthermore, since such a main coating film blends well with the color particles of the covering material, an even better textured finish can be obtained.

[0064] The resin component in the main material is not particularly limited, but one or more selected from water-soluble resins and water-dispersible resins (resin emulsions) are preferred. Examples of resin types include vinyl acetate resin, polyester resin, alkyd resin, vinyl chloride resin, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, urethane resin, acrylic silicone resin, fluororesin, etc., or composite systems thereof. These can be used individually or in combination of two or more. In the present invention, acrylic resin, urethane resin, acrylic silicone resin, fluororesin, etc. are preferred. These resin components may also have crosslinking reactivity.

[0065] As granular materials, for example, aggregates and pigments can be used. Of these, aggregates with an average particle size of 50 μm or more, more preferably 53 μm to 5 mm, can be used. Examples of such aggregates include marble, granite, serpentinite, fluorite, feldspar, limestone, silica, silica sand, crushed stone, mica, siliceous shale, and their crushed products, crushed ceramics, crushed glass, glass beads, crushed resin, resin beads, rubber granules, metal granules, etc. In addition, crushed seashells, coral, wood, charcoal, activated carbon, waste glass, etc. can also be used. Furthermore, aggregates whose surfaces have been colored by surface treatment with pigments, dyes, glazes, etc. (colored aggregates) can also be used. The average particle size of the aggregate is the D50 value, which is determined by sieving using a metal mesh sieve as specified in JIS Z8801-1:2019. This average particle diameter D50 is the 50% cumulative particle diameter, which refers to the particle diameter that, after sieving, accumulates to 50% by mass (average value of mass distribution) from the finer particles.

[0066] Such aggregates preferably include transparent aggregates (hereinafter also simply referred to as "transparent aggregates"). By including transparent aggregates in the main material, the degree of blurring at the edges of the stretched color particles and the ease of blending with the coated surface are improved in the finished appearance, further enhancing the natural feel. In addition, in combination with the color particles and flaky powder particles of the coating material, a sense of luster and depth can be imparted to the finished appearance. As for the transparent aggregates, those with a light transmittance of 3% or more (more preferably 3 to 90%, and even more preferably 10 to 60%) are preferred. Note that the light transmittance is the value of the total light transmittance measured by a turbidimeter. In this measurement, a sample of transparent aggregate is filled into a transparent glass cell with an inner thickness of 5 mm, then water is gradually added, and air bubbles in the cell are removed by vibration.

[0067] Examples of transparent aggregates include feldspar, silica sand, quartzite, crushed glass, glass beads, and glass powder. These can be used individually or in combination of two or more types.

[0068] Examples of pigments that can be used include coloring pigments and extender pigments. Specifically, examples of coloring pigments include titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, alumina, carbon black, graphite, black iron oxide, iron-manganese composite oxide, iron-copper-manganese composite oxide, iron-chromium composite oxide, iron-chromium-cobalt composite oxide, copper-chromium composite oxide, copper-manganese-chromium composite oxide, copper-magnesium composite oxide, bismuth-manganese composite oxide, ferric oxide (red iron oxide), molybdate orange, permanent red, permanent carmine, anthraquinone red, perylene red, quinacridone red, yellow iron oxide, titanium yellow, first yellow, benzoimidazolone yellow, chromium green, cobalt green, phthalocyanine green, ultramarine, Prussian blue, cobalt blue, phthalocyanine blue, quinacridone violet, dioxazine violet, aluminum pigments, and pearl pigments. These can be used individually or in combination of two or more. The average particle size of the coloring pigment is preferably 10 μm or less, more preferably 1 μm or less, and even more preferably 0.01 to 0.9 μm.

[0069] Examples of extender pigments include heavy calcium carbonate, light calcium carbonate, kaolin, clay, pottery clay, china clay, diatomaceous earth, hydrated fine silica, talc, barite powder, barium sulfate, precipitated barium sulfate, barium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, silica powder, aluminum hydroxide, resin beads, and resin powder. These can be used individually or in combination of two or more. The average particle size of the extender pigment is preferably less than 50 μm, more preferably 0.5 to 48 μm, and even more preferably 1 to 45 μm. In this invention, the average particle size of the pigment is the D50 value, i.e., the value of the 50% cumulative particle size based on volume (cumulative from the fine particle side), and can be measured using a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer.

[0070] Specific examples of main materials include, for instance, stone-like finishing coatings, and coatings such as thin-layer and thick-layer finishing coatings specified in JIS A6909.

[0071] Stone-like finish coatings are coatings capable of forming a coating film that exhibits color due to the color development of aggregates, and are coatings that have resin components and colored aggregates as essential components. With stone-like finish coatings, various colors can be imparted to the main coating film by using one or more types of colored aggregates in appropriate combinations, and fine irregularities can also be given to the coating film surface. As colored aggregates, those with a light transmittance of less than 3% (more preferably 2% or less) are preferred. The finish can also be improved by using transparent aggregates together with colored aggregates. The mixing ratio of aggregates is preferably 100 to 4000 parts by mass, more preferably 150 to 3000 parts by mass, and even more preferably 200 to 2000 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the resin component. The ratio of transparent aggregates is preferably 10 to 80% by mass, more preferably 20 to 70% by mass, relative to the total amount of aggregates in the main material.

[0072] Stone-like finish coatings may contain other components besides those listed above. Examples of such components include coloring pigments, extender pigments, fibers, film-forming aids, plasticizers, antifreeze agents, preservatives, fungicides, antibacterial agents, defoaming agents, pigment dispersants, thickeners, leveling agents, coupling agents, wetting agents, pH adjusters, matting agents, UV absorbers, antioxidants, catalysts, and crosslinking agents.

[0073] Thin-coat and thick-coat finish coatings specified in JIS A6909 can be obtained by uniformly mixing resin components, coloring pigments, extender pigments, aggregates, and other admixtures (dispersants, thickeners, defoamers, preservatives, etc.). With such coatings, the desired color can be imparted to the coating film by using one or more coloring pigments in combination. The mixing ratio of the coloring pigments is preferably 1 to 300 parts by mass, more preferably 2 to 200 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the resin component.

[0074] Extender pigments primarily act as bulking agents and are components that effectively contribute to the formation of thick coating films. The mixing ratio of extender pigments is preferably 10 to 1000 parts by mass, more preferably 20 to 500 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of solid content of the resin component.

[0075] The aggregate plays a role such as imparting fine irregularities to the coating film surface. The mixing ratio of the aggregate is preferably 10 to 2000 parts by mass, more preferably 30 to 1500 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the resin component.

[0076] In the coating of such main materials, by appropriately selecting the type of coating tool and its usage method, various irregular patterns can be formed, such as sand wall-like, yuzu skin-like, fiber wall-like, ripple-like, stucco-like, uneven, lunar surface-like, combed, worm-eaten patterns, etc. As the coating tool, for example, spray, roller, brush, brush, etc. can be used. At this time, by treating the coating surface with a design roller, brush, brush, comb, spatula, etc. until the main material dries, various irregular patterns can also be formed. It is also possible to form a multicolor pattern by combining two or more coating materials with different colors.

[0077] The coating amount of such main materials depends on the type of pattern to be formed, etc., but is preferably 0.5 to 10 kg / m 2 , more preferably 1 to 8 kg / m 2 , even more preferably 1.5 to 6 kg / m 2 . At the time of coating, a diluent such as water can be mixed to appropriately adjust the viscosity of the main material. The dilution ratio is preferably 0 to 10% by mass. Drying can be carried out in an environment at normal temperature (preferably 0 to 50 °C, more preferably 5 to 45 °C).

[0078] <Stretching of color particles> The coating material of the present invention is a material for forming a pattern of stretching color particles (for example, a flow pattern, a streak pattern, etc.). In the present invention, after applying the coating material to the coated surface or the main material coating film, the color particles can be stretched (stretching step) using a pressing tool while the coating film of the coating material is not dry. In the present invention, by this stretching step, a pattern of stretching color particles is formed on the coated surface (or on the main material coating film), and a highly aesthetic finish can be obtained, and a new high-design coating film different from the conventional spot pattern can be formed.

[0079] In the stretching process, a pressing tool is brought into contact with the color particles, and the shape of the color particles is deformed and stretched by dragging while pressing, thereby forming a flowing pattern. Examples of pressing tools that can be used in the stretching process include trowels, spatulas, brushes, brooms, etc. The stretching of the color particles can be performed while the coating material is still wet, preferably within 20 minutes after coating (more preferably within 10 minutes, and even more preferably within 5 minutes).

[0080] The degree of load on the pressing tool can be appropriately set within the range in which the color particles are crushed and can be stretched. By adjusting the load on the pressing tool, the length, width, thickness, etc. of the formed pattern can also be changed. The direction in which the color particles are stretched by the pressing tool can be set according to the desired pattern. For example, to form a linear pattern, the particles should be stretched straight in a certain direction. To form an arc-shaped pattern, the particles should be stretched in a semicircle. Random stretching is also possible. When the surface to be coated is a vertical surface such as a wall, it is desirable to stretch the particles horizontally. This method is preferable because it can suppress the falling of color particles, improve work efficiency, and enhance the finished design.

[0081] After spreading the color particles, the coating film is dried. Drying is preferably carried out at room temperature (preferably 0 to 50°C, more preferably 5 to 45°C).

[0082] In this invention, a highly decorative coating can be formed by this method. Furthermore, the application and stretching of the coating material may be repeated as long as it does not hinder the effects of the present invention. In this invention, after the coating material film has dried, a clear coating or the like may be applied as needed. [Examples]

[0083] Examples and comparative examples are shown below to further clarify the features of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[0084] (Manufacturing of main material 1) To 200 parts by mass of acrylic silicone resin emulsion (glass transition temperature 22°C, solid content 50% by mass), 450 parts by mass of colored aggregate (a mixture of white colored silica sand, light gray colored silica sand, and light yellow colored silica sand, particle size 0.08-0.2 mm, light transmittance 1% or less), 150 parts by mass of transparent aggregate 1 (transparent glass pulverized material, particle size 0.15-0.5 mm, light transmittance 25%), 16 parts by mass of film-forming aid, 1 part by mass of thickener, and 2 parts by mass of defoamer were mixed and uniformly stirred by conventional methods to produce light gray main material 1.

[0085] (Manufacturing of main material 2) To 200 parts by mass of acrylic silicone resin emulsion (glass transition temperature 22°C, solid content 50% by mass), 350 parts by mass of colored aggregate (a mixture of white colored silica sand, light gray colored silica sand, and light yellow colored silica sand, particle size 0.08-0.2 mm, light transmittance 1% or less), 70 parts by mass of transparent aggregate 1 (transparent glass pulverized material, particle size 0.15-0.5 mm, light transmittance 25%), 250 parts by mass of transparent aggregate 2 (colonite, particle size 0.1-0.3 mm, light transmittance 16%), 16 parts by mass of film-forming aid, 1 part by mass of thickener, and 2 parts by mass of defoamer were mixed and uniformly stirred by conventional methods to produce light gray main material 2.

[0086] (Manufacturing of main material 3) To 200 parts by mass of acrylic resin emulsion (glass transition temperature 20°C, solid content 50% by mass), 600 parts by mass of colored aggregate (a mixture of white colored silica sand, light gray colored silica sand, and light yellow colored silica sand, particle size 0.08-0.2 mm, light transmittance 1% or less), 16 parts by mass of film-forming aid, 1 part by mass of thickener, and 2 parts by mass of defoamer were mixed and uniformly stirred by conventional methods to produce a light gray main material 3.

[0087] (Manufacturing of coating material 1) (1) In the colorant 1 with the formulation shown in Table 2, the coloring pigment is: Coloring pigment 1: Coloring pigment 3: Coloring pigment 4: Coloring pigment 5 Coloring agent 1-1 (white coloring agent) was obtained using a mixture of 1.960:0.004:0.004:0.032 (total 2 parts by mass). This coloring agent 1-1 (100 parts by mass) was added to mixture a of aqueous clear coating material 1 with the formulation shown in Table 1 and stirred to disperse. Then, mixture b of aqueous clear coating material 1 was added to obtain a white color particle dispersion liquid containing gel-like color particles (white, color pigment ratio 1.20% by mass) with an average particle size of approximately 3 mm. (2) In the colorant 1 with the formulation shown in Table 2, the coloring pigment is: Coloring pigment 1: Coloring pigment 2: Coloring pigment 3: Coloring pigment 4 Coloring agent 1-2 (gray coloring agent) was obtained using a ratio of 1.508:0.400:0.084:0.008 (total 2 parts by mass). This coloring agent 1-2 (100 parts by mass) was added to mixture a of aqueous clear coating material 1 with the formulation shown in Table 1 and stirred to disperse. Then, mixture b of aqueous clear coating material 1 was added to obtain a gray particle dispersion containing gel-like color particles with an average particle size of approximately 3 mm (gray, coloring pigment ratio 1.19% by mass). (3) In the colorant 1 with the formulation shown in Table 2, the coloring pigment is: Coloring pigment 1: Coloring pigment 2: Coloring pigment 3: Coloring pigment 4 Coloring agent 1-3 (purple coloring agent) was obtained using a mixture of 1.000:0.764:0.016:0.220 (total 2 parts by mass). This coloring agent 1-3 (100 parts by mass) was added to mixture a of aqueous clear coating material 1 with the formulation shown in Table 1 and stirred to disperse. Then, mixture b of aqueous clear coating material 1 was added to obtain a purple color particle dispersion containing gel-like color particles with an average particle size of approximately 3 mm (purple, coloring pigment ratio 1.20% by mass). (4) Coating material 1 was manufactured by mixing the white granular dispersion, gray granular dispersion, and purple granular dispersion in a mass ratio of 55:40:5.

[0088] The following materials were used as raw materials in the manufacture of the coating material. • Resin 1: Acrylic silicone resin emulsion (glass transition temperature 20°C, solids content 40% by mass) • Resin 2: Acrylic silicone resin emulsion (glass transition temperature 38°C, solids content 40% by mass) • Resin 3: Acrylic resin emulsion (glass transition temperature 20°C, solids content 40% by mass) • Resin 4: Water-soluble resin (galactomannan derivative aqueous solution, solid content 3% by mass) • Dispersant: Anionic dispersant • Powder / Granule 1: Diatomaceous earth (average particle size 6 μm, refractive index 1.5) • Powder / Granule 2: Heavy calcium carbonate (average particle size 4 μm, refractive index 1.6) • Powder / Granule 3: Talc (average particle size 5 μm, refractive index 1.6) • Powder / granular material 4: Resin beads (perfectly spherical, average particle size 38 μm, refractive index 1.5) • Powder / Granule 5: Perlite (average particle size 125-150 μm) ·Powder 6: Silica sand (average particle size 150~180μm) • Granular material 7: Scale-like granular material (mica, average particle size 1000-1180 μm, aspect ratio 30) • Granular material 8: Scale-like granular material (mica, average particle size 1400-1700 μm, aspect ratio 42) • Coloring pigment 1: White pigment dispersion {Aqueous dispersion of titanium dioxide (average particle size 0.3 μm), solid content 60% by mass} • Coloring Pigment 2: Black Pigment Dispersion {Aqueous dispersion of black iron oxide (average particle size 0.8 μm), solid content 60% by mass} • Coloring Pigment 3: Yellow Pigment Dispersion {Aqueous dispersion of yellow iron oxide (average particle size 0.5 μm), solid content 50% by mass} • Coloring pigment 4: Red pigment dispersion {Aqueous dispersion of reddish-brown pigment (average particle size 0.2 μm), solid content 60% by mass} • Coloring Pigment 5: Blue Pigment Dispersion {Aqueous dispersion of cobalt blue (average particle size 0.4 μm), solid content 50% by mass} • Film-forming aids: Ester-based film-forming aids, ether-based film-forming aids • Dispersion stabilizer: 5% by mass aqueous solution of gelling agent • Thickener: Urethane-based thickener • Additives: Preservatives, fungicides, algaecides, light stabilizers • Defoaming agent: Silicone-based defoaming agent

[0089] [Table 1]

[0090] [Table 2]

[0091] (Manufacturing of coating material 2) (1) In the colorant 2 with the formulation shown in Table 2, the coloring pigment is: Coloring pigment 1: Coloring pigment 3: Coloring pigment 4: Coloring pigment 5 Coloring agent 2-1 (white coloring agent) was obtained using a mixture of 1.568:0.003:0.003:0.026 (total 1.6 parts by mass). This coloring agent 2-1 (100 parts by mass) was added to mixture a of aqueous clear coating material 2 with the formulation shown in Table 1 and stirred to disperse. Then, mixture b of aqueous clear coating material 2 was added to obtain a white color particle dispersion liquid containing gel-like color particles (white, coloring pigment ratio 0.96% by mass) with an average particle size of approximately 3 mm. (2) In the colorant 2 of the formulation shown in Table 2, the coloring pigment is: Coloring pigment 1: Coloring pigment 2: Coloring pigment 3: Coloring pigment 4 Coloring agent 2-2 (gray coloring agent) was obtained using a mixture of 1.206:0.320:0.067:0.007 (total 1.6 parts by mass). This coloring agent 2-2 (100 parts by mass) was added to mixture a of aqueous clear coating material 2 with the formulation shown in Table 1 and stirred to disperse. Then, mixture b of aqueous clear coating material 2 was added to obtain a gray particle dispersion containing gel-like color particles (gray, coloring pigment ratio 0.95% by mass) with an average particle size of approximately 3 mm. (3) In the colorant 2 of the formulation shown in Table 2, the coloring pigment is: Coloring pigment 1: Coloring pigment 2: Coloring pigment 3: Coloring pigment 4 Coloring agent 2-3 (purple coloring agent) was obtained using a mixture of 0.800:0.611:0.013:0.176 (total 1.6 parts by mass). This coloring agent 2-3 (100 parts by mass) was added to mixture a of aqueous clear coating material 2 with the formulation shown in Table 1 and stirred to disperse. Then, mixture b of aqueous clear coating material 2 was added to obtain a purple color particle dispersion containing gel-like color particles with an average particle size of approximately 3 mm (purple, coloring pigment ratio 0.96% by mass). (4) Coating material 2 was manufactured by mixing the white granular dispersion, gray granular dispersion, and purple granular dispersion in a mass ratio of 55:40:5.

[0092] (Manufacturing of coating material 3) (1) In the colorant 3 with the formulation shown in Table 2, the coloring pigment is: Coloring pigment 1: Coloring pigment 3: Coloring pigment 4: Coloring pigment 5 Coloring agent 3-1 (white coloring agent) was obtained using a mixture of 0.980:0.002:0.002:0.016 (total 1.0 part by mass). This coloring agent 3-1 (100 parts by mass) was added to mixture a of aqueous clear coating material 3 with the formulation shown in Table 1 and stirred to disperse. Then, mixture b of aqueous clear coating material 3 was added to obtain a white color particle dispersion liquid containing gel-like color particles (white, color pigment ratio 0.60% by mass) with an average particle size of approximately 3 mm. (2) In the coloring agent 3 with the formulation shown in Table 2, the coloring pigment is: Coloring pigment 1: Coloring pigment 2: Coloring pigment 3: Coloring pigment 4 Coloring agent 3-2 (gray coloring agent) was obtained using a mixture of 0.754:0.200:0.042:0.004 (total 1.0 part by mass). This coloring agent 3-2 (100 parts by mass) was added to mixture a of aqueous clear coating material 3 with the formulation shown in Table 1 and stirred to disperse. Then, mixture b of aqueous clear coating material 3 was added to obtain a gray particle dispersion containing gel-like color particles (gray, coloring pigment ratio 0.60% by mass) with an average particle size of approximately 3 mm. (3) In the colorant 3 with the formulation shown in Table 2, the coloring pigment is: Coloring pigment 1: Coloring pigment 2: Coloring pigment 3: Coloring pigment 4 Coloring agent 3-3 (purple coloring agent) was obtained using a mixture of 0.500:0.382:0.008:0.110 (total 1.0 part by mass). This coloring agent 3-3 (100 parts by mass) was added to mixture a of aqueous clear coating material 3 with the formulation shown in Table 1 and stirred to disperse. Then, mixture b of aqueous clear coating material 3 was added to obtain a purple color particle dispersion containing gel-like color particles (purple, coloring pigment ratio 0.60% by mass) with an average particle size of approximately 3 mm. (4) Coating material 3 was manufactured by mixing the white granular dispersion, gray granular dispersion, and purple granular dispersion in a mass ratio of 55:40:5.

[0093] (Manufacturing of coating materials 4-13) Instead of coloring agent 1 and water-based clear coating agent 1, white color particle dispersion (coloring pigment ratio of color particles 1.20% by mass), gray color particle dispersion (coloring pigment ratio of color particles 1.19% by mass), and purple color particle dispersion (coloring pigment ratio of color particles 1.20% by mass) were prepared using the coloring agent and water-based clear coating agent combinations shown in Tables 3 and 4, respectively. Coating materials 4 to 13 were then prepared by mixing these in a mass ratio of 55:40:5.

[0094] (Manufacturing of coating material 14) (1) In the colorant 8 with the formulation shown in Table 2, the coloring pigment is: Coloring pigment 1: Coloring pigment 3: Coloring pigment 4: Coloring pigment 5 Coloring agent 8-1 (white coloring agent) was obtained using a mixture of 2.940:0.006:0.006:0.048 (total 3.0 parts by mass). This coloring agent 8-1 (100 parts by mass) was added to mixture a of aqueous clear coating material 1 with the formulation shown in Table 1 and stirred to disperse. Then, mixture b of aqueous clear coating material 1 was added to obtain a white color particle dispersion liquid containing gel-like color particles (white, color pigment ratio 1.79% by mass) with an average particle size of approximately 3 mm. (2) In the coloring agent 8 with the formulation shown in Table 2, the coloring pigment is: Coloring pigment 1: Coloring pigment 2: Coloring pigment 3: Coloring pigment 4 Coloring agent 8-2 (gray coloring agent) was obtained using a mixture of 2.262:0.600:0.126:0.012 (total 3.0 parts by mass). This coloring agent 8-2 (100 parts by mass) was added to mixture a of aqueous clear coating material 1 with the formulation shown in Table 1 and stirred to disperse. Then, mixture b of aqueous clear coating material 1 was added to obtain a gray particle dispersion containing gel-like color particles with an average particle size of approximately 3 mm (gray, coloring pigment ratio 1.79% by mass). (3) In the coloring agent 8 with the formulation shown in Table 2, the coloring pigment is: Coloring pigment 1: Coloring pigment 2: Coloring pigment 3: Coloring pigment 4 Coloring agent 8-3 (purple coloring agent) was obtained using a mixture of 1.500:1.146:0.024:0.330 (total 3.0 parts by mass). This coloring agent 8-3 (100 parts by mass) was added to mixture a of aqueous clear coating material 1 with the formulation shown in Table 1 and stirred to disperse. Then, mixture b of aqueous clear coating material 1 was added to obtain a purple color particle dispersion containing gel-like color particles with an average particle size of approximately 3 mm (purple, coloring pigment ratio 1.80% by mass). (4) The coating material 14 was manufactured by mixing the white granular dispersion, the gray granular dispersion, and the purple granular dispersion in a mass ratio of 55:40:5.

[0095] (Manufacturing of coating materials 15-16) Instead of coloring agent 1 and water-based clear coating agent 1, white color particle dispersion (coloring pigment ratio of color particles 1.20% by mass), gray color particle dispersion (coloring pigment ratio of color particles 1.19% by mass), and purple color particle dispersion (coloring pigment ratio of color particles 1.20% by mass) were prepared using the coloring agent and water-based clear coating agent combinations shown in Table 4, respectively. Coating materials 15-16 were then prepared by mixing these in a mass ratio of 55:40:5.

[0096] (Manufacturing of coating material 17) (1) In the coloring agent 10 with the formulation shown in Table 2, the coloring pigment is: Coloring pigment 1: Coloring pigment 3: Coloring pigment 4: Coloring pigment 5 Coloring agent 10-1 (white coloring agent) was obtained using a mixture of 7.840:0.016:0.016:0.128 (total 8.0 parts by mass). This coloring agent 10-1 (100 parts by mass) was added to mixture a of aqueous clear coating material 12 with the formulation shown in Table 1 and stirred to disperse. Then, mixture b of aqueous clear coating material 12 was added to obtain a white color particle dispersion liquid containing gel-like color particles (white, color pigment ratio 4.79% by mass) with an average particle size of approximately 3 mm. (2) In the coloring agent 10 with the formulation shown in Table 2, the coloring pigment is: Coloring pigment 1: Coloring pigment 2: Coloring pigment 3: Coloring pigment 4 Coloring agent 10-2 (gray coloring agent) was obtained using a ratio of 6.032:1.600:0.336:0.032 (total 8.0 parts by mass). This coloring agent 10-2 (100 parts by mass) was added to mixture a of aqueous clear coating material 12 with the formulation shown in Table 1 and stirred to disperse. Then, mixture b of aqueous clear coating material 12 was added to obtain a gray particle dispersion containing gel-like color particles with an average particle size of approximately 3 mm (gray, coloring pigment ratio 4.77% by mass). (3) In the coloring agent 10 with the formulation shown in Table 2, the coloring pigment is: Coloring pigment 1: Coloring pigment 2: Coloring pigment 3: Coloring pigment 4 Coloring agent 10-3 (purple coloring agent) was obtained using a mixture of 4.000:3.056:0.064:0.880 (total 8.0 parts by mass). This coloring agent 10-3 (100 parts by mass) was added to mixture a of aqueous clear coating material 12 with the formulation shown in Table 1 and stirred to disperse. Then, mixture b of aqueous clear coating material 12 was added to obtain a purple color particle dispersion containing gel-like color particles with an average particle size of approximately 3 mm (purple, coloring pigment ratio 4.79% by mass). (4) Coating material 17 was manufactured by mixing the white granular dispersion, gray granular dispersion, and purple granular dispersion in a mass ratio of 55:40:5.

[0097] (Manufacturing of coating materials 18-19) Instead of colorant 10 and water-based clear coating material 12, white colored particle dispersion (colored particle pigment ratio of 4.79% by mass), gray colored particle dispersion (colored particle pigment ratio of 4.77% by mass), and purple colored particle dispersion (colored particle pigment ratio of 4.79% by mass) were prepared using the colorant and water-based clear coating material combinations shown in Table 4, respectively. Coating materials 18-19 were then prepared by mixing these in a mass ratio of 55:40:5.

[0098] (Test method) The tests were conducted using the following method, and evaluations 1-3 were performed. Painting and drying were all carried out under standard conditions (temperature 23°C, relative humidity 50%).

[0099] Slate boards (900mm x 900mm x 3mm) that had been pre-treated with a sealer were installed vertically. The main material was then applied to these slate boards using a spray gun at a rate of 3kg / m². 2 After painting, a pattern was immediately applied using a trowel, and the surface was dried for 24 hours to form a coating with a textured surface. Next, the coating amount, calculated based on solid content, was 0.13 kg / m². 2 After spray-painting the coating material in the manner described above, the pressing tool was immediately brought into contact with the color particles, and the material was stretched horizontally while applying constant pressure, and then allowed to dry and cure for 7 days. A test board was obtained using the above method. The types of main material, coating material, and pressing tool used in the test are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

[0100] (Rating 1) Evaluation 1 assessed the workability when stretching the color particles. Of the methods described above, those where the color particles were stretched a relatively long distance were rated "AA", and those where the stretched distance was relatively short were rated "C", on a four-point scale (Excellent: AA > A > B > C: Poor).

[0101] (Rating 2) In Evaluation 2, the aesthetic appeal of the flow pattern formed by the stretching process was evaluated. The appearance of the test panels obtained by the above method was visually observed, and those with a blurred edge to the flow pattern and a texture that blended well with the main coating were rated "AA," while those with a straight edge to the flow pattern and a large difference in texture from the main coating were rated "C." This was evaluated on a four-point scale (Excellent: AA > A > B > C: Poor).

[0102] (Rating 3) In Evaluation 3, the state of gloss unevenness was evaluated. With light shining from the right side of the test plate obtained using the method described above, the appearance of the test plate was visually observed from the left front. At this time, a three-level evaluation (Excellent: A > B > C: Poor) was used, with "A" indicating suppressed gloss unevenness and "C" indicating gloss unevenness.

[0103] Next, for Examples 1-15, which received favorable evaluations 1-3, evaluation 4 was performed.

[0104] (Rating 4) The test plates obtained using the above method were cut to 100 mm x 300 mm and subjected to a total of 10 cycles of repeated hot and cold tests, each consisting of 18 hours of water immersion, 3 hours of standing at -20°C, and 3 hours of standing at 50°C. After these cycles, the appearance of the coating was checked and the state of crack formation was evaluated. The evaluation was performed on a three-tiered scale (Excellent: A > B > C: Poor), with "A" indicating no crack formation and "C" indicating clear crack formation.

[0105] (Test results) The test results are shown in Tables 3 and 4. In Examples 1 to 15, favorable results were obtained in each evaluation.

[0106] [Table 3]

[0107] [Table 4]

Claims

1. A coating material comprising liquid or gel-like color particles dispersed in a water-based clear coating material, The above coating material is a coating material for forming a color particle stretching pattern, The above liquid or gel-like color particles contain coloring pigments in a ratio of 4% by mass or less. The above-mentioned water-based clear coating material contains flaky powder particles with an average particle size exceeding 200 μm. A covering material characterized by the following features.

2. The above liquid or gel-like colored particles contain powders with an average particle size of 1 μm or larger. The coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that it is as described above.

3. The above-mentioned water-based clear coating material contains powders and granules with an average particle size of 200 μm or less. The coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that it is as described above.

4. A method for forming a coating film, characterized by applying a coating material according to any one of claims 1 to 3 to a surface to be coated, and then stretching the color particles using a pressing tool while the coating film of the coating material is still wet.

5. A method for forming a coating film, characterized by applying a main material containing a resin component and powder particles to a surface to be coated to form a main material coating film having an uneven pattern, then applying a coating material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and then stretching the color particles using a pressing tool while the coating film of the coating material is still wet.

6. The coating film forming method according to claim 5, characterized in that the main material includes a transparent aggregate as a powder or granular material.

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