System and method for controlling a high-voltage battery system

Abstract

The disclosure includes a switch in the circuit for controlling the battery. [Solution] The switch includes a source, a gate, and a drain. The drain of the switch is configured to be connected to the positive terminal of the battery. The circuit also includes a first diode. The first diode includes an anode and a cathode. The anode of the first diode is connected to the source of the switch. The cathode of the first diode is connected to the drain of the switch and is configured to be connected to the positive terminal of the battery. The circuit also includes a second diode. The second diode includes an anode and a cathode. The anode of the second diode is configured to be connected to the negative terminal of the battery. The cathode of the second diode is connected to the source of the switch and the anode of the first diode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure is directed to systems and methods for controlling a high-voltage battery system. More specifically, the present disclosure is directed to systems and methods for safely turning on and off a high-voltage battery system.

Background Art

[0002] Currently, high-voltage battery systems are constructed with a solid-state or mechanical disconnector configured to withstand high voltages and high currents around a single high-voltage core. Due to the high voltage of the core, the manufacture of conventional battery systems requires a unique system for assembling the core, safely handling the core, installing the core within the battery, connecting to individual cells for balanced operation, and monitoring.

Summary of the Invention

Means for Solving the Problems

[0003] A circuit for controlling a battery is disclosed. The circuit includes a switch. The switch includes a source, a gate, and a drain. The drain of the switch is configured to be connected to the positive terminal of the battery. The circuit also includes a first diode. The first diode includes an anode and a cathode. The anode of the first diode is connected to the source of the switch. The cathode of the first diode is connected to the drain of the switch and is configured to be connected to the positive terminal of the battery. The circuit also includes a second diode. The second diode includes an anode and a cathode. The anode of the second diode is configured to be connected to the negative terminal of the battery. The cathode of the second diode is connected to the source of the switch and the anode of the first diode. The circuit is configured to switch the battery on and off.

[0004] A battery system is also disclosed. The battery system includes a first circuit. The first circuit includes a first switch having a source, a gate, and a drain. The first circuit also includes a second switch having a source, a gate, and a drain. The first circuit also includes a third switch having a source, a gate, and a drain. The sources of the first, second, and third switches are connected to each other, and the drains of the first, second, and third switches are connected to each other, so that the first, second, and third switches are in parallel with each other. The first circuit also includes a first diode having an anode and a cathode. The anode of the first diode is connected to the source of the first switch, and the cathode of the first diode is connected to the drain of the first switch. The first circuit also includes a second diode having an anode and a cathode. The anode of the second diode is connected to the source of the second switch, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the drain of the second switch. The first circuit also includes a third diode having an anode and a cathode. The anode of the third diode is connected to the source of the third switch, and the cathode of the third diode is connected to the drain of the third switch. The first circuit also includes a fourth diode having an anode and a cathode. The cathode of the fourth diode is connected to the sources of the first, second, and third switches, and also to the anodes of the first, second, and third diodes. The battery system also includes a first battery having a positive terminal and a negative terminal. The positive terminal is configured to be connected to the drains of the first, second, and third switches, the cathodes of the first, second, and third diodes, or any combination thereof. The negative terminal is configured to be connected to the anode of the fourth diode. The first circuit is configured to turn the first battery on and off.

[0005] A method is also disclosed. The method includes generating a first battery assembly by connecting a first circuit to a first battery. The first circuit includes a switch having a source, a gate, and a drain. Connecting the first circuit to the first battery includes connecting the drain of the switch of the first circuit to the positive terminal of the first battery. The first circuit also includes a first diode having an anode and a cathode. The anode of the first diode of the first circuit is connected to the source of the switch of the first circuit. The cathode of the first diode of the first circuit is connected to the drain of the switch of the first circuit. Connecting the first circuit to the first battery includes connecting the cathode of the first diode of the first circuit to the positive terminal of the first battery. The first circuit also includes a second diode having an anode and a cathode. Connecting the first circuit to the first battery includes connecting the anode of the second diode of the first circuit to the negative terminal of the first battery. The cathode of the second diode of the first circuit is connected to the source of the switch of the first circuit and the anode of the first diode of the first circuit. The method also includes generating a second battery assembly by connecting a second circuit to a second battery. The second circuit includes a switch having a source, gate, and drain. Connecting the second circuit to the second battery includes connecting the drain of the switch in the second circuit to the positive terminal of the second battery. The second circuit also includes a first diode having an anode and a cathode. The anode of the first diode in the second circuit is connected to the source of the switch in the second circuit. The cathode of the first diode in the second circuit is connected to the drain of the switch in the second circuit. Connecting the second circuit to the second battery includes connecting the cathode of the first diode in the second circuit to the positive terminal of the second battery. The second circuit also includes a second diode having an anode and a cathode. Connecting the second circuit to the second battery includes connecting the anode of the second diode in the second circuit to the negative terminal of the second battery. The cathode of the second diode in the second circuit is connected to the source of the switch in the second circuit and the anode of the first diode in the second circuit. The method also includes connecting the first battery assembly in series with the second battery assembly. The method also includes connecting the first battery assembly to a load and a capacitor. The load and capacitor are connected in parallel.The method also includes connecting the second battery assembly to the load and capacitor. The method also includes switching the first battery assembly on. The method also includes switching the second battery assembly on before or after switching the first battery assembly on.

[0006] The attached drawings are incorporated into this specification and form part of it, illustrating aspects of this instruction and explaining the principles thereof, together with the specification. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0007] [Figure 1] A schematic diagram of a battery system according to one embodiment is shown. [Figure 2] A more detailed schematic diagram of a battery system according to one embodiment is shown. [Figure 3] A flowchart of a method for controlling a battery system according to one embodiment is shown. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0008] Please note that some details in the drawings are simplified to facilitate understanding, rather than maintaining strict structural accuracy, detail, or scale.

[0009] The following describes this instruction in detail, but examples of this instruction are shown in the attached drawings. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numbers are used to refer to the same elements. The following description refers to the drawings, but the drawings are part of the description and are for illustrative purposes only, showing specific examples of how this instruction is implemented. Therefore, the following description is merely illustrative.

[0010] This disclosure relates to a system and method for controlling a high-voltage battery system. The system and method includes a plurality of batteries that are sequentially turned on, which allows for a gradual increase in the power supplied to the load, thereby eliminating the need for a conventional pre-charge circuit. Diodes may be connected in parallel with each battery, which facilitates turning on the batteries one at a time. The system and method reduces the energy of the inrush current when turning on the batteries. When the high-voltage battery system is turned off, the current can be diverted to the diodes instead of flowing through the batteries. Since the induced current is supported by the diodes, the batteries can be safely turned off.

[0011] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a battery system 100 according to one embodiment. One or more battery assemblies that the battery system 100 may include (two are shown, 200A and 200B) are connected to a load 110 and configured to supply power to the load 110. The load 110 may be a constant power load, a resistive load, a reactive load, or a combination thereof. For example, the load 110 may be a resistive heater, an induction heater, a motor controller, a switch-mode power supply, a large capacitor bank used as voltage bus support, etc.

[0012] In at least one embodiment, the battery assemblies 200A, 200B may also be connected to a capacitor (e.g., a bus capacitor) 120. The capacitor 120 may be connected in parallel with the load 110. The capacitor 120 may be a primary bus support capacitor sized to handle bus voltage ripple generated by a large transient load (e.g., load 110 and / or capacitor 120). For example, bus voltage ripple can be generated by a large transient load when a large current transient appears on the primary voltage bus, such as when high-bandwidth (e.g., >4Hz) motor speed control is applied with high-load inertia acceleration and deceleration. A fairly large capacitor is required to avoid unacceptable bus voltage ripple. The capacitor 120 may have a capacitance value from approximately 1000μF to approximately 5000μF, preferably from approximately 2000μF to approximately 4000μF, which can reduce bus voltage ripple. The capacitance value may be selected to be proportional to the maximum voltage and the transient limit. A DC (direct current) bus has a physical spread that creates inductance in the circuit between the DC voltage source and various loads. If the load rapidly changes the current demand from the bus, without a capacitor, the bus voltage can fluctuate uncontrollably, potentially leading to harmful overvoltage or undervoltage conditions for the load electronics. The size of the support capacitor limits the fluctuations in the bus voltage to values ​​within the operating range of the load electronics. This value is proportional to the inductance between the power supply and the load, and to the maximum current change.

[0013] Two battery assemblies, 200A and 200B, are shown, but the number of battery assemblies may vary depending on the characteristics of the load 110 and the capacitor 120. In the illustration, battery assemblies 200A and 200B are connected in series. In other embodiments, battery assemblies 200A and 200B may be connected in parallel, or in a combination of series and parallel, depending on the characteristics of the load 110, the characteristics of the capacitor 120, the number and characteristics of battery assemblies 200A and 200B, or a combination thereof.

[0014] Figure 2 shows a more detailed schematic diagram of a battery system 100 according to one embodiment. The first battery assembly 200A may include a first circuit 202A and a first battery 204A. The first circuit 202A is configured to connect to the first battery 204A. As will be described in more detail below, the first circuit 202A may be used to turn the first battery 204A on and off in a controlled manner. The first circuit 202A is configured to operate between approximately 28V and approximately 64V and between approximately 100A and approximately 200A.

[0015] The first circuit 202A may include one or more switches (three are shown: 210A, 220A, and 230A). Switches 210A, 220A, and 230A are or may include field-effect transistors (FETs) such as MOSFETs. More specifically, the first switch 210A may include a source 212A, a gate 214A, and a drain 216A; the second switch 220A may include a source 222A, a gate 224A, and a drain 226A; and the third switch 230A may include a source 232A, a gate 234A, and a drain 236A. Switches 210A, 220A, and 230A may be connected in parallel with each other. For example, sources 212A, 222A, and 232A may be connected to each other, and drains 216A, 226A, and 236A may be connected to each other. Switches 210A, 220A, and 230A may have an insulation voltage ranging from approximately 2000 volts to approximately 2500 volts.

[0016] Each switch 210A, 220A, and 230A may have diodes 240A, 250A, and 260A connected to it. The first diode 240A may have an anode 242A and a cathode 244A, the second diode 250A may have an anode 252A and a cathode 254A, and the third diode 260A may have an anode 262A and a cathode 264A. Diodes 240A, 250A, and 260A may be connected in parallel with each other. For example, anodes 242A, 252A, and 262A may be connected to each other, and cathodes 244A, 254A, and 264A may be connected to each other.

[0017] In the illustrated embodiment, switches 210A, 220A, and 230A may be connected in parallel with diodes 240A, 250A, and 260A. For example, the source 212A of the first switch 210A may be connected to the anode 242A of the first diode 240A, the source 222A of the second switch 220A may be connected to the anode 252A of the second diode 250A, and the source 232A of the third switch 230A may be connected to the anode 262A of the third diode 260A. As shown in the illustration, sources 212A, 222A, and 232A may be connected to anodes 242A, 252A, and 262A may be connected to each other, and drains 216A, 226A, and 236A may be connected to cathodes 244A, 254A, and 264A may be connected to each other.

[0018] Each switch 210A, 220A, and 230A may have one or more resistors connected to it. More specifically, the gate 214A of the first switch 210A may have a first resistor 218A connected to it, the gate 224A of the second switch 220A may have a second resistor 228A connected to it, and the gate 234A of the third switch 230A may have a third resistor 238A connected to it. Resistors 218A, 228A, and 238A may be connected in parallel to each other. For example, resistors 218A, 228A, and 238A may be connected to each other to sources 212A, 222A, and 232A, and / or to anodes 242A, 252A, and 262A. Resistors 218A, 228A, and 238A may have resistance values ​​ranging from approximately 10kΩ to approximately 100kΩ.

[0019] Furthermore, the first circuit 202A may also include a fourth diode 270A connected to switches 210A, 220A, 230A and / or diodes 240A, 250A, 260A. More specifically, the cathode 274A of the fourth diode 270A may be connected to sources 212A, 222A, 232A and anodes 242A, 252A, 262A.

[0020] Furthermore, the first circuit 202A may also include a fourth resistor 278A connected in parallel with the fourth diode 270A. More specifically, the first side of the fourth resistor 278A may be connected to sources 212A, 222A, 232A and anodes 242A, 252A, 262A and cathode 274A. The fourth resistor 278A may have a resistance value ranging from approximately 10kΩ to approximately 100kΩ.

[0021] As described above, the first circuit 202A may be connected to the first battery 204A. More specifically, the drains 216A, 226A, 236A and / or the cathodes 244A, 254A, 264A may be connected to the positive terminal 206A of the first battery 204A. The anode 272A of the fourth diode 270A and / or the second side of the fourth resistor 278A may be connected to the negative terminal 208A of the first battery 204A.

[0022] The first circuit 202A may be configured to connect to the load 110 and / or the capacitor 120. More specifically, sources 212A, 222A, 232A, anodes 242A, 252A, 262A, cathode 274A, resistors 218A, 228A, 238A, 278A, or a combination thereof may be connected to the first side of the load 110 and / or the first side of the capacitor 120.

[0023] The second battery assembly 200B may be similar to the first battery assembly 200A as shown, but may differ in other embodiments. The second battery assembly 200B may include a second circuit 202B and a second battery 204B. The second circuit 202B is configured to connect to the second battery 204B. The second circuit 202B may be similar to the first circuit 202A, but may differ in other embodiments. The second circuit 202B is configured to operate between approximately 28V and approximately 64V and between approximately 100A and approximately 200A.

[0024] As shown, the second circuit 202B may include a first switch 210B, a second switch 220B, and a third switch 230B. The first switch 210B may include a source 212B, a gate 214B, and a drain 216B. The second switch 220B may include a source 222B, a gate 224B, and a drain 226B. The third switch 230B may include a source 232B, a gate 234B, and a drain 236B.

[0025] Also, the second circuit 202B may further include a first diode 240B, a second diode 250B, a third diode 260B, and a fourth diode 270B. The first diode 240B may include an anode 242B and a cathode 244B. The second diode 250B may include an anode 252B and a cathode 254B. The third diode 260B may include an anode 262B and a cathode 264B. The fourth diode 270B may include an anode 272B and a cathode 274B. Also, the second circuit 202B may further include resistors 218B, 228B, 238B, 278B.

[0026] The second circuit 202B may be configured to connect to the load 110 and / or the capacitor 120. More specifically, the anode 272B of the fourth diode 270B and / or the second side of the resistor 278B may be connected to the second side of the load 110 and / or the second side of the capacitor 120.

[0027] As described above, the first battery assembly 200A may be connected to the second battery assembly 200B. For example, the anode 272A, the fourth resistor 278A, and / or the negative terminal 208A of the first battery 204A may be connected to sources 212B, 222B, 232B, anodes 242B, 252B, 262B, resistors 218B, 228B, 238B, 278B, cathode 274B, or a combination thereof. As described above, for simplicity, two battery assemblies 200A and 200B are shown in Figures 1 and 2, but one or more additional battery assemblies may be added to the system 100 (e.g., in series) depending on the size and / or characteristics of the load 110, the size and / or characteristics of the capacitor 120, the size, number, characteristics of the battery assemblies 200A and 200B, or a combination thereof.

[0028] Figure 3 shows a flowchart of a method 300 for controlling a battery system 100 according to one embodiment. More specifically, the method 300 can be used to control the first circuit 202A of the first battery assembly 200A, the second circuit 202B of the second battery assembly 200B, or a combination thereof. An exemplary sequence of the method 300 is given below, but one or more steps of the method 300 can be performed in a different order, repeated, or omitted entirely.

[0029] Method 300 may include, in step 302, connecting the first circuit 202A to the first battery 204A to generate the first battery assembly 200A. As described above, connecting the first circuit 202A to the first battery 204A may include connecting the drains 216A, 226A, 236A, cathodes 244A, 254A, 264A, or a combination thereof to the positive terminal 206A of the first battery 204A. Connecting the first circuit 202A to the first battery 204A may also include connecting the anode 272A and / or resistor 278A to the negative terminal 208A of the first battery 204A.

[0030] Method 300 may also include, in step 304, connecting the second circuit 202B to the second battery 204B to generate the second battery assembly 200B. As described above, connecting the second circuit 202B to the second battery 204B may include connecting the drains 216B, 226B, 236B, cathodes 244B, 254B, 264B, or any combination thereof to the positive terminal 206B of the second battery 204B. Connecting the second circuit 202B to the second battery 204B may also include connecting the anode 272B and / or resistor 278B to the negative terminal 208B of the second battery 204B.

[0031] Method 300 may also include connecting the first battery assembly 200A to the second battery assembly 200B in step 306. This may include connecting the negative terminal 208A, anode 272A, resistor 278A, or a combination thereof of the first battery assembly 200A to the sources 212B, 222B, 232B, anodes 242B, 252B, 262B, cathode 274B, resistors 218A, 228A, 238A, 278A, or a combination thereof of the second battery assembly 200B.

[0032] Method 300 may include, in step 308, connecting the first battery assembly 200A to either or both the load 110 and the capacitor 120. This may include connecting any or a combination of the sources 212A, 222A, 232A, anodes 242A, 252A, 262A, cathode 274A, and resistors 218A, 228A, 238A, 278A of the first battery assembly 200A to either or both the first side of the load 110 and the first side of the capacitor 120.

[0033] Method 300 may also include, in step 310, connecting the second battery assembly 200B to either or both the load 110 and the capacitor 120. This may include connecting either or a combination of the anode 272B of the second battery assembly 200B, the resistor 278B, or the negative terminal 208B of the second battery 204B to either or both the second side of the load 110 and the second side of the capacitor 120.

[0034] Method 300 may also include switching the first battery assembly 200A to ON in step 312. This may include switching the first battery 204A to ON using the first circuit 202A. For example, this may include switching switches 210A, 220A, and 230A to the first state (e.g., the ON state). This generates a voltage across the load 110 and / or capacitor 120 and causes current to flow through and / or across the load 110 and / or capacitor 120. In one example, the first battery 204A may generate approximately 45.1V and approximately 300A.

[0035] Method 300 may also include switching on the second battery assembly 200B in step 314. The second battery assembly 200B may be switched on after the first battery assembly 200A has been switched on. However, in other embodiments, the order may be reversed, and the second battery assembly 200B may be switched on before the first battery assembly 200A has been switched on. Switching on the second battery assembly 200B may include switching on the second battery 204B using the second circuit 202B. For example, this may include switching switches 210B, 220B, 230B to the first state (e.g., the ON state). This generates a voltage across the load 110 and / or capacitor 120, causing current to flow through and / or across the load 110 and / or capacitor 120. In one example, the second battery 204B may also generate approximately 45.1V and approximately 300A.

[0036] Furthermore, one or more additional battery assemblies can be switched on sequentially. Following the above example, ten battery assemblies (e.g., 200A, 200B, etc.) can be connected in series and switched on sequentially to generate a voltage of approximately 450V. Thus, a standard charging system can be used, no unsafe voltages will be present, and insulation failures will only manifest at low voltages.

[0037] In contrast, a conventional battery system may include ten battery assemblies connected in parallel and that can be turned on simultaneously. Each battery assembly in a conventional battery system may generate approximately 426V and approximately 30A. Thus, while conventional battery systems may generate approximately the same voltage and current, application-specific charging systems may be used, requiring special safety and handling procedures due to the higher voltage and current, and insulation failure may result in high voltage (e.g., unsafe voltage). In this application, low voltage and / or safe voltage refers to approximately 50V or less, and high voltage and / or unsafe voltage refers to approximately 100V or more.

[0038] Furthermore, while conventional battery systems may require a precharge circuit to limit the rate at which current is introduced into the switch, battery system 100 can operate without a precharge circuit because power is gradually stored by sequentially switching battery assemblies 200A and 200B. The total energy required to charge the bus capacitor (e.g., capacitor 120) is proportional to the square of the voltage applied to capacitor 120. The precharge circuit extends the time over which energy is stored, reducing the load on the switching elements (e.g., switches 210A, 220A, 230A). By making batteries 204A and 204B sequential, the same function as a precharge circuit is achieved without adding a precharge circuit, dissipation elements, or control functions. If the precharge circuit fails, it can lead to a primary battery disconnection failure, resulting in a high-voltage failure of battery system 100. By using only a small fraction of the total voltage at each step (for example, when turning on each battery 204A, 204B), the total energy required for the charging step can be reduced to approximately 1%, eliminating the need for a pre-charge circuit. This low energy level is well within the safe operating range of the solid-state switches of this battery system 100 (for example, switches 210A, 220A, 230A).

[0039] Method 300 may also include switching the first battery assembly 200A to the off state in step 316. This may include switching the first battery 204A to the off state using the first circuit 202A. For example, this may include switching switches 210A, 220A, and 230A to a second state (e.g., the off state).

[0040] Method 300 may also include switching off the second battery assembly 200B in step 318. This may include switching off the second battery 204B using the second circuit 202B. For example, the second circuit 202B may switch off the second battery 204B by switching switches 210B, 220B, and 230B to a second state (e.g., the off state). The second battery assembly 200B may be switched off after the first battery assembly 200A has been switched off. However, in other embodiments, the order may be reversed, and the second battery assembly 200B may be switched off before the first battery assembly 200A has been switched off.

[0041] When the first battery assembly 200A and / or the second battery assembly 200B are switched off, at least some of the current can be diverted to diodes 270A and 270B. This may have the advantage of eliminating an inductive kickback voltage. This voltage occurs when the rate of change of current is high (e.g., above approximately 50A, approximately 100A, approximately 200A, etc.), but by allowing the current to flow through the diodes, it is not interrupted in typical applications, so its rate of change decreases slowly.

[0042] Furthermore, this disclosure includes the following examples, but the scope of protection is given by the claims.

[0043] Example 1 A circuit for controlling a battery, comprising a switch having a source, gate, and drain (the drain of the switch is configured to be connected to the positive terminal of the battery), a first diode having an anode and a cathode (the anode of the first diode is connected to the source of the switch, the cathode of the first diode is connected to the drain of the switch, and the positive terminal of the battery is connected), and a second diode having an anode and a cathode (the anode of the second diode is configured to be connected to the negative terminal of the battery, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the source of the switch and the anode of the first diode), and configured to switch the battery on and off.

[0044] Example 2 The circuit according to Example 1, further comprising a first resistor having a first terminal connected to the gate of a switch and a second terminal connected to the source of the switch, the anode of the first diode, and the cathode of the second diode, wherein the first resistor has a resistance ranging from approximately 10 kΩ to approximately 100 kΩ.

[0045] Example 3 The circuit described in Example 2 further comprises a second resistor in parallel with the second diode, wherein the second resistor has a resistance ranging from approximately 10 kΩ to approximately 100 kΩ.

[0046] Example 4 The circuit described in Example 3 is configured to operate between approximately 100 amperes and approximately 200 amperes at a voltage between approximately 28 volts and approximately 64 volts.

[0047] Example 5 A circuit described in any one of Examples 1 to 4, which is configured to switch the battery on without using a pre-charge circuit.

[0048] Example 6 A first switch having a source, gate, and drain; a second switch having a source, gate, and drain; a third switch having a source, gate, and drain (the sources of the first, second, and third switches are connected to each other, and the drains of the first, second, and third switches are connected to each other, so that the first, second, and third switches are in parallel with each other); a first diode having an anode and cathode (the anode of the first diode is connected to the source of the first switch, and the cathode of the first diode is connected to the drain of the first switch); a second diode having an anode and cathode (the anode of the second diode is connected to the source of the second switch, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the drain of the second switch); and a first diode having an anode and cathode A battery system comprising: a first circuit comprising a third diode (the anode of the third diode is connected to the source of the third switch, and the cathode of the third diode is connected to the drain of the third switch), a fourth diode having an anode and a cathode (the cathode of the fourth diode is connected to the sources of the first, second, and third switches, and the anodes of the first, second, and third diodes); and a first battery having a positive terminal and a negative terminal (the positive terminal is configured to be connected to the drains of the first, second, and third switches, the cathodes of the first, second, and third diodes, or a combination thereof, and the negative terminal is configured to be connected to the anode of the fourth diode, and the first circuit is configured to turn the first battery on and off).

[0049] Example 7 The battery system according to Example 6, further comprising a first resistor having a first terminal connected to the gate of a first switch and a second terminal connected to the source of the first switch, the anode of a first diode, and the cathode of a fourth diode, wherein the first resistor has a resistance ranging from approximately 10 kΩ to approximately 100 kΩ.

[0050] Example 8 The battery system according to Example 7, further comprising: a second resistor having a first terminal connected to the gate of a second switch and a second terminal connected to the source of the second switch, the anode of the second diode, and the cathode of the fourth diode (the second resistor having a resistance of approximately 10kΩ to approximately 100kΩ); and a third resistor having a first terminal connected to the gate of a third switch and a second terminal connected to the source of the third switch, the anode of the third diode, and the cathode of the fourth diode (the third resistor having a resistance of approximately 10kΩ to approximately 100kΩ).

[0051] Example 9 The battery system according to Example 8, further comprising a fourth resistor having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the sources of the first, second, and third switches, the anodes of the first, second, and third diodes, and the cathode of the fourth diode, and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the anode of the fourth diode and connected to the negative terminal of the battery, wherein the fourth resistor has a resistance of approximately 10kΩ to approximately 100kΩ.

[0052] Example 10 The battery system described in Example 9, wherein the first circuit is configured to operate between approximately 28 volts and approximately 64 volts and between approximately 300 amperes and approximately 600 amperes.

[0053] Example 11 The battery system described in Example 9, wherein each of the first, second, and third switches has an isolation voltage ranging from approximately 2000 volts to approximately 2500 volts.

[0054] Example 12 A second circuit connected to the first circuit (the second circuit comprises a first switch with a source, gate, and drain, a second switch with a source, gate, and drain, and a third switch with a source, gate, and drain (the sources of the first, second, and third switches of the second circuit are connected to each other, and the drains of the first, second, and third switches of the second circuit are connected to each other, so that the first, second, and third switches of the second circuit are in parallel with each other), a first diode with an anode and cathode (the anode of the first diode of the second circuit is connected to the source of the first switch of the second circuit, and the cathode of the first diode of the second circuit is connected to the drain of the first switch of the second circuit), a second diode with an anode and cathode (the anode of the second diode of the second circuit is connected to the source of the second switch of the second circuit, and the cathode of the second diode of the second circuit is connected to the drain of the second switch of the second circuit), and a diode with an anode and cathode A battery system according to any one example of Examples 6 to 11, comprising a third diode (the anode of the third diode of the second circuit is connected to the source of the third switch of the second circuit, and the cathode of the third diode of the second circuit is connected to the drain of the third switch of the second circuit), a fourth diode having an anode and a cathode (the cathode of the fourth diode of the second circuit is connected to the sources of the first switch, second switch, and third switch of the second circuit, and to the anodes of the first diode, second diode, and third diode of the second circuit), and a second battery having a positive terminal and a negative terminal (the positive terminal of the second battery is configured to be connected to the drains of the first switch, second switch, and third switch of the second circuit, to the cathodes of the first diode, second diode, and third diode of the second circuit, or a combination thereof, and the negative terminal of the second battery is configured to be connected to the anode of the fourth diode of the second circuit, and the second circuit is configured to turn the second battery on and off).

[0055] Example 13 The battery system according to Example 12, wherein the anode of the fourth diode of the first circuit and the negative terminal of the first battery are connected to the cathode of the fourth diode of the second circuit, the sources of the first, second, and third switches of the second circuit, and the anodes of the first, second, and third diodes of the second circuit.

[0056] Example 14 The battery system described in Example 13, wherein the first and second circuits are configured to connect to a load and a capacitor.

[0057] Example 15 The battery system according to Example 14, wherein the first switch, second switch, and third switch of the first circuit and the cathode of the fourth diode of the first circuit are configured to connect to the first side of the load and the first side of the capacitor, and the anode of the fourth diode of the second circuit and the negative terminal of the second battery are configured to connect to the second side of the load and the second side of the capacitor.

[0058] Example 16 The first circuit is connected to the first battery to generate a first battery assembly (the first circuit comprises a switch having a source, gate, and drain (connecting the first circuit to the first battery means connecting the drain of the switch in the first circuit to the positive terminal of the first battery), a first diode having an anode and cathode (the anode of the first diode in the first circuit is connected to the source of the switch in the first circuit, the cathode of the first diode in the first circuit is connected to the drain of the switch in the first circuit, and connecting the first circuit to the first battery means connecting the cathode of the first diode in the first circuit to the positive terminal of the first battery), a second diode having an anode and cathode (connecting the first circuit to the first battery means connecting the anode of the second diode in the first circuit to the negative terminal of the first battery, and the cathode of the second diode in the first circuit is connected to the source of the switch in the first circuit and the anode of the first diode in the first circuit)), and the second circuit is connected to the second battery to generate a second battery assembly (the second circuit comprises a switch having a source, gate, and drain (second The circuit comprises connecting the first battery to the second battery (which includes connecting the drain of the switch of the second circuit to the positive terminal of the second battery), a first diode having an anode and a cathode (the anode of the first diode of the second circuit is connected to the source of the switch of the second circuit, the cathode of the first diode of the second circuit is connected to the drain of the switch of the second circuit, and connecting the second circuit to the second battery includes connecting the cathode of the first diode of the second circuit to the positive terminal of the second battery), a second diode having an anode and a cathode (which includes connecting the second circuit to the second battery including connecting the anode of the second diode of the second circuit to the negative terminal of the second battery, the cathode of the second diode of the second circuit is connected to the source of the switch of the second circuit and the anode of the first diode of the second circuit), connecting the first battery assembly in series with the second battery assembly, connecting the first battery assembly to the load and capacitor (the load and capacitor are connected in parallel), connecting the second battery assembly to the load and capacitor, and switching the first battery assembly to ON.A method comprising switching on a second battery assembly before or after switching on a first battery assembly.

[0059] Example 17 The method according to Example 16, wherein connecting the first battery assembly to the second battery assembly comprises connecting the negative terminal of the first battery and the anode of the second diode of the first circuit to the source of the switch of the second circuit and the anode of the first diode of the second circuit and the cathode of the second diode of the second circuit.

[0060] Example 18 The method according to Example 17, wherein connecting a first battery assembly to a load and a capacitor comprises connecting the source of the switch of the first circuit, the anode of the first diode of the first circuit, and the cathode of the second diode of the first circuit to the first side of the load and the first side of the capacitor, and connecting a second battery assembly to a load and a capacitor comprises connecting the negative terminal of the second battery and the anode of the second diode of the second circuit to the second side of the load and the second side of the capacitor.

[0061] Example 19 The method according to Example 18, wherein switching on the first battery assembly switches on the switch of the first circuit so that the first battery supplies power to the load without using a pre-charge circuit.

[0062] Example 20 The method as described in Example 19, further comprising switching off the first battery assembly and switching off the second battery assembly before or after switching off the first battery assembly, thereby diverting at least a portion of the current flowing through the first and second batteries to the second diode of the first circuit and the second diode of the second circuit.

[0063] In this application, terms such as "inside" and "outside," "up" and "down," "upper part" and "lower part," "upward" and "downward," "upstream" and "downstream," and "above" and "below" refer to the relative positions of each other and do not refer to specific directions or spatial orientations. The terms "joining" and "connecting" refer to "direct contact" or "connection via one or more intermediate elements or members."

[0064] While the numerical ranges and parameters representing the broad scope of this disclosure are approximate, the numerical values ​​shown in specific examples are described as accurately as possible. However, the numerical values ​​inherently contain some degree of error due to the standard deviation observed in the test measurements. Furthermore, it is understood that the entire scope of this disclosure encompasses all sub-scopes contained within it.

[0065] While this instruction illustrates one or more embodiments, the examples illustrated may be modified and / or altered without departing from the gist and scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, certain features of this instruction may be disclosed in relation to only one of the multiple embodiments, but such features may be combined with one or more other features of the other embodiments as desirable and advantageous for a given or particular function. In this application, singular descriptions may refer to one or more elements or parts thereof. In this application, terms such as “first” and “second” may refer to two different elements or parts thereof. In this application, for example, the term “at least one of A and B” in relation to an enumeration of matters A and B means A only, B only, or both A and B. Those skilled in the art will recognize that such variations and other variations are possible. Furthermore, where the terms “include,” “have,” and their variations are used in the detailed description or claims, such terms are as comprehensive as the term “equip.” Furthermore, in the specification and claims, the term “abbreviated” indicates that the stated numerical values ​​are changed to some extent, provided that the changes do not render the process or structure incompatible with the purposes intended in this disclosure. Finally, “exemplary” indicates that the description is used as an example, not to suggest that it is ideal.

[0066] The above-mentioned or other modifications and alternatives to features and functions can be combined in numerous other system applications. A variety of alternatives, modifications, changes, and improvements not currently anticipated or anticipated may be made later by those skilled in the art, and these are also included in the scope of the attached claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0067] 100 Battery System 110 load 120 Capacitors 200A First Battery Assembly 200B Second Battery Assembly 202A First circuit 202B Second circuit 204A First Battery 204B Second Battery

Claims

1. A battery system (100) comprising a first circuit (202A) and a first battery (204A), The first circuit, A first switch (210A) having a source (212A), a gate (214A), and a drain (216A), A second switch (220A) has a source (222A), a gate (224A), and a drain (226A), A third switch (230A) having a source (232A), a gate (234A), and a drain (236A), A first diode (240A) having an anode (242A) and a cathode (244A), A second diode (250A) having an anode (252A) and a cathode (254A), A third diode (260A) having an anode (262A) and a cathode (264A), A fourth diode (270A) having an anode (272A) and a cathode (274A) is provided, The source of the first switch, the source of the second switch, and the source of the third switch are connected to each other, and the drain of the first switch, the drain of the second switch, and the drain of the third switch are connected to each other, so that the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch are in parallel with each other. The anode of the first diode is connected to the source of the first switch, and the cathode of the first diode is connected to the drain of the first switch. The anode of the second diode is connected to the source of the second switch, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the drain of the second switch. The anode of the third diode is connected to the source of the third switch, and the cathode of the third diode is connected to the drain of the third switch. The cathode of the fourth diode is connected to the source of the first switch, the source of the second switch, the source of the third switch, the anode of the first diode, the anode of the second diode, and the anode of the third diode. A battery system in which the first battery comprises a positive terminal (206A) and a negative terminal (208A), the positive terminal being configured to be connected to the drain of the first switch, the drain of the second switch, the drain of the third switch, the cathode of the first diode, the cathode of the second diode, the cathode of the third diode, or a combination thereof, the negative terminal being connected to the anode of the fourth diode, and the first circuit being configured to turn the first battery on and off.

2. The battery system according to claim 1, further comprising a first resistor (218A) having a first end connected to the gate of the first switch and a second end connected to the source of the first switch, the anode of the first diode, and the cathode of the fourth diode, and having a resistance of approximately 10 kΩ to approximately 100 kΩ.

3. A second resistor (228A) having a first end connected to the gate of the second switch and a second end connected to the source of the second switch, the anode of the second diode, and the cathode of the fourth diode, and having a resistance of approximately 10 kΩ to approximately 100 kΩ, The battery system according to claim 2, further comprising a third resistor (238A) having a first end connected to the gate of the third switch and a second end connected to the source of the third switch, the anode of the third diode, and the cathode of the fourth diode, and having a resistance of approximately 10 kΩ to approximately 100 kΩ.

4. The battery system according to claim 3, further comprising a fourth resistor (278A) having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the source of the first switch, the source of the second switch, the source of the third switch, the anode of the first diode, the anode of the second diode, the anode of the third diode, and the cathode of the fourth diode, the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the anode of the fourth diode and connected to the negative terminal of the first battery, and the fourth resistor has a resistance of approximately 10 kΩ to approximately 100 kΩ.

5. The battery system according to claim 4, wherein the first circuit is configured to operate between approximately 28 volts and approximately 64 volts and between approximately 300 amperes and approximately 600 amperes.

6. The battery system according to claim 4, wherein each of the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch has an insulation voltage of approximately 2000 volts to approximately 2500 volts.

7. The system further comprises a second circuit (202B) and a second battery (204B) connected to the first circuit, The second circuit, A first switch (210B) having a source (212B), a gate (214B), and a drain (216B), A second switch (220B) has a source (222B), a gate (224B), and a drain (226B), A third switch (230B) having a source (232B), a gate (234B), and a drain (236B), A first diode (240B) having an anode (242B) and a cathode (244B), A second diode (250B) having an anode (252B) and a cathode (254B), A third diode (260B) having an anode (262B) and a cathode (264B), A fourth diode (270B) having an anode (272B) and a cathode (274B) is provided, The source of the first switch of the second circuit, the source of the second switch of the second circuit, and the source of the third switch of the second circuit are connected to each other, and the drain of the first switch of the second circuit, the drain of the second switch of the second circuit, and the drain of the third switch of the second circuit are connected to each other, so that the first switch of the second circuit, the second switch of the second circuit, and the third switch of the second circuit are in parallel with each other. The anode of the first diode of the second circuit is connected to the source of the first switch of the second circuit, and the cathode of the first diode of the second circuit is connected to the drain of the first switch of the second circuit. The anode of the second diode of the second circuit is connected to the source of the second switch of the second circuit, and the cathode of the second diode of the second circuit is connected to the drain of the second switch of the second circuit. The anode of the third diode of the second circuit is connected to the source of the third switch of the second circuit, and the cathode of the third diode of the second circuit is connected to the drain of the third switch of the second circuit. The cathode of the fourth diode of the second circuit is connected to the source of the first switch of the second circuit, the source of the second switch of the second circuit, the source of the third switch of the second circuit, the anode of the first diode of the second circuit, the anode of the second diode of the second circuit, and the anode of the third diode of the second circuit. The battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the second battery comprises a positive terminal (206B) and a negative terminal (208B), the positive terminal of the second battery is configured to be connected to the drain of the first switch of the second circuit, the drain of the second switch of the second circuit, the drain of the third switch of the second circuit, the cathode of the first diode of the second circuit, the cathode of the second diode of the second circuit, the cathode of the third diode of the second circuit, or a combination thereof, the negative terminal of the second battery is configured to be connected to the anode of the fourth diode of the second circuit, and the second circuit is configured to turn the second battery on and off.

8. The battery system according to claim 7, wherein the anode of the fourth diode of the first circuit and the negative terminal of the first battery are connected to the cathode of the fourth diode of the second circuit, the source of the first switch of the second circuit, the source of the second switch of the second circuit, the source of the third switch of the second circuit, the anode of the first diode of the second circuit, the anode of the second diode of the second circuit, and the anode of the third diode of the second circuit.

9. The battery system according to claim 8, wherein the first circuit and the second circuit are configured to connect to a load (110) and a capacitor (120).

10. The battery system according to claim 9, wherein the first switch of the first circuit, the second switch of the first circuit, the third switch of the first circuit, and the cathode of the fourth diode of the first circuit are configured to connect to the first side of the load and the first side of the capacitor, and the anode of the fourth diode of the second circuit and the negative terminal of the second battery are configured to connect to the second side of the load and the second side of the capacitor.

11. (302) Connecting the first circuit (202A) to the first battery (204A) to generate the first battery assembly (200A), Connecting the second circuit (202B) to the second battery (204B) to generate the second battery assembly (200B) (304), Connecting the first battery assembly in series with the second battery assembly (306), Connecting the first battery assembly (308) to the parallel-connected load (110) and capacitor (120), Connecting the second battery assembly to the load and the capacitor (310), Switching the first battery assembly to ON (312), A method (300) comprising switching on the second battery assembly (314) before or after switching on the first battery assembly, The first circuit, A switch (210A) having a source (212A), a gate (214A), and a drain (216A), A first diode (240A) having an anode (242A) and a cathode (244A), It comprises a second diode (270A) having an anode (272A) and a cathode (274A), Connecting the first circuit to the first battery includes connecting the drain of the switch of the first circuit to the positive terminal (206A) of the first battery. The anode of the first diode of the first circuit is connected to the source of the switch of the first circuit, the cathode of the first diode of the first circuit is connected to the drain of the switch of the first circuit, and connecting the first circuit to the first battery includes connecting the cathode of the first diode of the first circuit to the positive terminal of the first battery, Connecting the first circuit to the first battery comprises connecting the anode of the second circuit of the first circuit to the negative terminal (208A) of the first battery, wherein the cathode of the second diode of the first circuit is connected to the source of the switch of the first circuit and the anode of the first diode of the first circuit. The second circuit, A switch (210B) having a source (212B), a gate (214B), and a drain (216B), A first diode (240B) having an anode (242B) and a cathode (244B), It comprises a second diode (270B) having an anode (272B) and a cathode (274B), Connecting the second circuit to the second battery includes connecting the drain of the switch of the second circuit to the positive terminal (206B) of the second battery. The anode of the first diode of the second circuit is connected to the source of the switch of the second circuit, the cathode of the first diode of the second circuit is connected to the drain of the switch of the second circuit, and the connection of the second circuit to the second battery is further comprising connecting the cathode of the first diode of the second circuit to the positive terminal of the second battery, A method comprising connecting the second circuit to the second battery, wherein the anode of the second diode of the second circuit is connected to the negative terminal (208B) of the second battery, and the cathode of the second diode of the second circuit is connected to the source of the switch of the second circuit and the anode of the first diode of the second circuit.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein connecting the first battery assembly to the second battery assembly comprises connecting the negative terminal of the first battery and the anode of the second diode of the first circuit to the source of the switch of the second circuit, the anode of the first diode of the second circuit, and the cathode of the second diode of the second circuit.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein connecting the first battery assembly to the load and the capacitor comprises connecting the source of the switch of the first circuit, the anode of the first diode of the first circuit, and the cathode of the second diode of the first circuit to the first side of the load and the first side of the capacitor, and connecting the second battery assembly to the load and the capacitor comprises connecting the negative terminal of the second battery and the anode of the second diode of the second circuit to the second side of the load and the second side of the capacitor.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein switching the first battery assembly to ON is performed by switching the switch of the first circuit to the ON state so that the first battery supplies power to the load without using a precharge circuit.

15. Switching the first battery assembly to the OFF state (316), The method according to claim 14, further comprising switching off the second battery assembly before or after switching off the first battery assembly (318), thereby diverting at least a portion of the current flowing through the first battery and the second battery to the second diode of the first circuit and the second diode of the second circuit.

Images