Doors and fittings

Abstract

To provide a door or window that can further prevent intrusion into the interior from the horizontal beam. [Solution] The joinery 10 is provided with a middle rail 28 between the left and right vertical frames 25, 26, which is composed of an exterior metal middle rail 50 and an interior resin middle rail 51. The end of the metal middle rail 50 is abutted against the inner circumferential surface 31c of the vertical frame 25 via a sheet-like sealer 82. The upper surface of the metal middle rail 50 constitutes the interior bottom wall 52 and exterior bottom wall 53 of the upward-facing space 44 that holds the lower end of the facing material 29a. The interior bottom wall 52 and exterior bottom wall 53 are stepped downward from the interior to the exterior, and a first drain hole 55 is formed in the exterior bottom wall 53. The upper edge 84 of the sealer 82 has a bottom edge 84c located above the exterior bottom wall 53, and water guide edges 84a and 84b that are on the interior side of the bottom edge 84c and are higher than the bottom edge 84c.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fitting in which a cross member is provided between left and right vertical members.

Background Art

[0002] In a fitting in which a cross member is provided between left and right vertical members, a drainage path is provided because it is considered that water may enter the upper surface of the cross member in a small amount. In the fitting described in Patent Document 1, two-stage indoor-side bottom walls and outdoor-side bottom walls that become lower stepwise from the indoor side toward the outdoor side are formed on the cross member, and drainage holes are formed in the outdoor-side bottom wall among them. By doing so, the water on the upper surface of the cross member can be guided to the outdoor side, thereby preventing it from entering the room.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] [[ID=​​​​​​​​​​​To solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the objective, the joinery according to the present invention is a joinery in which a horizontal member is provided between left and right vertical members, the end of the horizontal member is abutted against the inner circumferential surface of the vertical member via a sheet-like sealer, the upper surface of the horizontal member constitutes the bottom wall of an upward-facing space for holding the lower end of the facing material, the bottom wall is stepped downward from the interior to the exterior, a first drain hole is formed in the exterior bottom wall of the bottom wall, the upper edge of the sealer has a bottom edge located above the exterior bottom wall and a water guide edge that is on the interior side of the bottom edge and is higher than the bottom edge, and the water guide edge is horizontal, downward-sloping, or a combination of these shapes toward the bottom edge. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] In the joinery according to the present invention, water that flows down the inner surface of the vertical member is guided from the water guide edge of the sealer to the bottom edge, and then enters the exterior bottom wall. Therefore, water hardly passes through any bottom walls other than the exterior bottom wall, further preventing intrusion into the interior. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] This is a view of a door or window, which is an embodiment of the present invention, as seen from the interior side. [Figure 2] This is a cross-sectional view of the door / window. [Figure 3] This is a vertical cross-section of the door / window. [Figure 4] This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the central crossbar and its surrounding area. [Figure 5] This is a cross-sectional view of the end of the central support beam and its surrounding area. [Figure 6] This is a cross-sectional perspective view of the end of the central support beam and a portion of its surrounding area. [Figure 7] This is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the end of the middle rail, seen from the interior side. [Figure 8] This is a diagram of a sealer. [Figure 9] This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the crossbar and its surrounding area in a modified example. [Figure 10]This is a cross-sectional view of the end of the central crossbar and its surrounding area in a modified example. [Figure 11] This is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the end of the intermediate support and its surrounding area in a modified example. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0009] The embodiments of the building components according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0010] In the following, for convenience, the terms "depth direction" and "face direction" may be used. The depth direction (indicated by arrow Z in the diagram) is the direction of interior and exterior along the depth of the joinery. Surfaces and walls along the depth direction may be called the depth surface and depth wall. The face direction is the direction along the vertical direction perpendicular to the depth direction (indicated by arrow Y in the diagram) for elements that extend horizontally, such as top frames, bottom frames, top stiles, and bottom stiles. For elements that extend vertically, such as vertical frames and vertical stiles, it is the direction along the horizontal direction perpendicular to the depth direction (indicated by arrow X in the diagram). Surfaces and walls along the face direction may be called the face surface and face wall.

[0011] Figure 1 is a view of the interior side of the door / window 10, which is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the door / window 10. Figure 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the door / window 10. Some parts, such as the crescent lock 48 in Figure 1, are omitted in Figures 2 and 3.

[0012] The joinery 10 comprises an opening frame 12 fixed to an opening in the building structure, and two outer sashes 14 and inner sashes 15 slidably arranged inside the opening frame 12. The arrows in Figure 1 indicate the opening direction of each sash 14, 15. There may be one or more sashes. The joinery 10 may also be of other types, such as a casement window.

[0013] The opening frame 12 forms a rectangular opening 16 by assembling an upper frame 18, a lower frame 20, and left and right vertical frames 22 into a four-sided frame assembly. The upper frame 18 consists of a metal upper frame 18a and a resin upper frame 18b, the lower frame 20 consists of a metal lower frame 20a and a resin lower frame 20b, and the vertical frame 22 consists of a metal vertical frame 22a and a resin vertical frame 22b, each being a metal-resin composite material. Each metal material is an extruded profile of a metal such as aluminum (including alloys), and each resin material is an extruded profile of a resin such as vinyl chloride resin (PVC), configured to have a substantially uniform cross-section along the entire length in the longitudinal direction. The same applies to each of the following frame members to be described.

[0014] The outer shutter 14 and the inner shutter 15 include a frame body 27 assembled by an upper frame 23, a lower frame 24, a joining frame (vertical member) 25, and a door end frame (vertical member) 26 that surround the four sides, a middle rail (horizontal member) 28 provided across between the left and right joining frames 25 and the door end frames 26, and facing materials (upper facing material) 29a and facing materials (lower facing material) 29b held by the frame body 27 and the middle rail 28. The facing material 29a is above the middle rail 28, and the facing material 29b is below. In other words, the middle rail 28 is a partitioning material located at a position that partitions the two facing materials 29a and 29b. The facing materials 29a and 29b are, for example, multilayer glass. In this application, the joining frames 25 and the door end frames 26 are also referred to as vertical frames 25 and 26. The outer shutter 14 and the inner shutter 15 are slidably supported by rails 30.

[0015] Hereinafter, the inner shutter 15 will be described as an example. The upper frame 23 consists of a metal upper frame 23a and a resin upper frame 23b, the lower frame 24 consists of a metal lower frame 24a and a resin lower frame 24b, the vertical frame 25 consists of a metal vertical frame 31 and a resin vertical frame 32, and the vertical frame 26 consists of a metal vertical frame 33 and a resin vertical frame 34.

[0016] The metal vertical frame 31 has two hollow portions 31a and 31b arranged in the prospective direction, an outdoor side pressing piece 35 and an indoor side pressing piece 36 protruding toward the door tip side. At the end of the outdoor side pressing piece 35, a small folding portion 35a (see Fig. 5) is formed on the indoor side. The hollow portions 31a and 31b, the outdoor side pressing piece 35 and the indoor side pressing piece 36 form a face material holding vertical space 37 that opens toward the door tip side. The face material holding vertical space 37 holds the left and right ends of the face materials 29a and 29b via a seal 38. The seal 38 is supported by a backup material. At the bottom of the face material holding vertical space 37, a J-shaped block engaging piece 49 is provided to position and fix the setting block 39. The block engaging piece 49 may be omitted according to the design conditions. The face materials 29a and 29b are held via the setting block 39.

[0017] The resin vertical frame 32 is configured in a substantially L shape so as to cover the indoor side and the calling side (the left side in Fig. 2) while ensuring a gap with respect to the metal vertical frame 31, and has an indoor side hollow portion 32a, a hollow portion 32b extending outward from the end of the hollow portion 32a, and a fin piece 32c extending further outward from the hollow portion 32b. The resin vertical frame 32 is engaged with the end of the indoor side pressing piece 36 by an angular U-shaped engaging portion 40 at the end on the door tip side. The resin vertical frame 32 is further engaged with the metal vertical frame 31 by an engaging portion 42d at the outdoor side end and an engaging portion 42e formed by an L-shaped bend. The gap secured between the metal vertical frame 31 and the resin vertical frame 32, and the hollow portions 31a, 31b, 32a, and 32b improve the heat insulation performance. The same applies to the corresponding gaps and hollow portions in the upper frame 23, the lower frame 24, the vertical frame 26, etc.

[0018] The metal vertical frame 33 is formed such that the vertical space 37 for holding the surface material, as described above, opens on the meeting side, and further has a hollow portion 33a that protrudes toward the metal vertical frame 22a. The resin vertical frame 34 is configured in a crank shape so as to cover the indoor side and side (right side in Figure 2) of the vertical space 37 for holding the surface material, and the indoor side of the hollow portion 33a, while maintaining a gap with respect to the metal vertical frame 33, and has a hollow portion 34a on the indoor side. The resin vertical frame 34 engages with the end of the indoor side retaining piece 36 by an engaging portion 40 at the end on the meeting side. The resin vertical frame 34 engages with the metal vertical frame 33 at an engaging portion 34b at the end on the door edge side.

[0019] The metal upper frame 23a has an outdoor-side retaining piece 46 and an indoor-side retaining piece 47 that protrude downward, forming a downward-facing space 43 for holding the panel material. The downward-facing space 43 for holding the panel material is a downward-facing opening. The downward-facing space 43 for holding the panel material holds the upper end of the panel material 29a via the seal 38. The resin upper frame 23b has approximately the same shape as the resin vertical frame 34 and covers the metal upper frame 23a.

[0020] The metal lower frame 24a has an outdoor-side retaining piece 46 and an indoor-side retaining piece 47 that protrude upward, forming an upward-facing space 44 for holding the facing material. The upward-facing space 44 is an upward-facing opening. The upward-facing space 44 holds the lower end of the facing material 29b via a seal 38 and a setting block 39. Below the upward-facing space 44, there is a roller chamber 24aa supported by a rail 30 via a roller 45. A block engaging piece 49 is provided at the bottom of the upward-facing space 44. The resin lower frame 24b is configured to cover the indoor side and below the upward-facing space 44 and the indoor side of the roller chamber 24aa while maintaining a gap with respect to the metal lower frame 24a.

[0021] Next, we will describe the central rail 28 and its surrounding area. Figure 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the intermediate rail 28 and its surrounding area. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the intermediate rail 28 is composed of an outdoor metal intermediate rail (metal horizontal member) 50 and an indoor resin intermediate rail (resin horizontal member) 51. In this embodiment, the depth of the intermediate rail 28 is about 50 mm, and the height is about 60 mm.

[0022] The metal crossbar 50 has a downward-facing space 43 for holding the facing material that opens downward, and an upward-facing space 44 for holding the facing material that opens upward. In the downward-facing space 43, the outdoor-side retaining piece 46 and the indoor-side retaining piece 47 protrude downward and hold the upper end of the facing material 29b via the seal 38. In the upward-facing space 44, the outdoor-side retaining piece 46 and the indoor-side retaining piece 47 protrude upward and hold the lower end of the facing material 29a via the seal 38 and the setting block 39. The two upper and lower outdoor-side retaining pieces 46 are continuous and form the outdoor-side wall of the metal crossbar 50. The vertical space 37, the downward-facing space 43, and the upward-facing space 44 are in communication with each other and surround all four sides of the facing material 29a. Similarly, the vertical space 37, the downward-facing space 43, and the upward-facing space 44 are in communication with each other and surround all four sides of the facing material 29b.

[0023] The indoor-side retaining piece 47 consists of a base piece 47a and a tip piece 47b. The base piece 47a is relatively long, and the tip piece 47b is relatively short. The tip piece 47b is slightly shifted towards the indoor side, giving the indoor-side retaining piece 47 an overall crank shape. The amount of shift of the tip piece 47b towards the indoor side is approximately the thickness of the plate. The base piece 47a forms the indoor-side visible wall of the downward-facing space 43 and the upward-facing space 44 for holding the surface material. In other words, the indoor-side visible surface 47aa of the base piece 47a forms the indoor side of the visible wall that forms spaces 43 and 44.

[0024] The upward-facing space 44 for holding the facing material has an indoor bottom wall 52 and an outdoor bottom wall 53 that slope downwards in a stepped manner from the indoor side to the outdoor side. The difference in height between the indoor bottom wall 52 and the outdoor bottom wall 53 is small, about the thickness of the plate. In this embodiment, the ratio of the depth width of the indoor bottom wall 52 and the outdoor bottom wall 53 is about 7:5. In this embodiment, there are two steps in the stepped bottom wall, but there may be three or more steps. Also, the term "stepped" in this application is not strictly limited to consisting of a horizontal plane and a vertical plane, but may be slightly inclined. A block engaging piece 49 is provided on the upper surface of the indoor bottom wall 52 approximately in the center of the metal central support 50, and positions and fixes the setting block 39. As described above, the block engaging piece 49 may be omitted.

[0025] The outermost of the multiple bottom walls, the outdoor bottom wall 53, is provided with a C-shaped screw hole 54 for fastening to the vertical frames 25 and 26 with screws. This screw hole 54 is also called the first screw hole 54a. Similar screw holes 54 are also provided in the upper frame 23 and the lower frame 24. The first screw hole 54a is a downward-facing opening, protruding upwards and not downwards. The outdoor bottom wall 53 has a first drain hole 55 formed so as to traverse the first screw hole 54a in the depth direction. The block engaging piece 49 is notched only where it faces the first drain hole 55 (see Figure 5) so that water can flow in the depth direction. A crimp 49a is formed at one end of this notch. Since the first screw holes 54a are provided along the entire length of the metal intermediate rail 50, except for the first drain holes 55, water that has entered by running along the indoor side of the outdoor retaining piece 46 within the upward space 44 for holding the surface material can be prevented from entering further into the indoor side.

[0026] The first drain hole 55 is formed at a location slightly away from the end of the metal crossbar 50 due to layout considerations (see Figure 5). Specifically, since the threaded portion 85a of the screw 85 is screwed into both ends of the screw hole 54a for fixing to the metal vertical frame 31, the first drain hole 55 is formed at a position that avoids the longitudinal end of the crossbar 28 to avoid these threads. The first drain hole 55 also includes a first outdoor drain hole 55a on the outdoor side of the screw hole 54a, as shown by the dashed line, and a first indoor drain hole 55b on the indoor side, and these can be considered to be in communication in the depth direction. The first drain hole 55 and the second drain hole 61 described later are roughly rectangular in shape, with a width X greater than the depth width, and have sufficient area for drainage.

[0027] The downward-facing space 43 for holding the surface material has an indoor ceiling wall 56 and an outdoor ceiling wall 57 that slope downward in a stepped manner from the indoor side to the outdoor side. The difference in height between the indoor ceiling wall 56 and the outdoor ceiling wall 57 is small, about the thickness of the board. In this embodiment, the ratio of the depth width of the indoor ceiling wall 56 and the outdoor ceiling wall 57 is about 2:1. A vertical partition wall 58 is provided slightly on the indoor side of the center of the metal middle rail 50, connecting the indoor bottom wall 52 and the indoor ceiling wall 56. The vertical partition wall 58 is a partition in the vertical direction. An empty space 59 is formed on the outdoor side of the vertical partition wall 58, and a rectangular first recess 60 is formed on the indoor side. The first recess 60 opens to the indoor side.

[0028] A second drainage hole 61 is formed in the exterior ceiling wall 57 to drain water from the hollow section 59. The second drainage hole 61 is formed at the longitudinal end of the metal intermediate rail 50 (see Figure 5), and does not overlap with the facing material 29b, making it easy to drain water downwards. The second drainage hole 61 is formed by cutting out the end of the metal intermediate rail 50.

[0029] A downward-facing screw hole 54 is provided slightly inward from the vertical partition wall 58 in the interior ceiling wall 56. This screw hole 54 is also called the second screw hole 54b. The two screw holes 54a and 54b in the metal rib 50 are positioned in approximately rotationally symmetrical locations with respect to the center of the metal rib 50, resulting in good balance. The second screw hole 54b protrudes vertically with respect to the interior ceiling wall 56. The interior ceiling wall 56 is divided into an upper metal engaging piece 62 and a lower support piece 63 on the interior side of the second screw hole 54b. The metal engaging piece 62 protrudes from above the second screw hole 54b (one side where the bottom wall and the ceiling wall face each other in the vertical direction), and the support piece 63 protrudes from below the second screw hole 54b (the other side), each making effective use of the height of the second screw hole 54b and being formed slightly apart. The metal engaging piece 62 constitutes the lower wall of the first recess 60.

[0030] As described above, the first screw hole 54a provided in the exterior bottom wall 53 prevents water that has entered through the interior side of the exterior retaining piece 46 within the upward space 44 for holding the surface material from entering further into the interior. However, depending on the conditions, it may also be provided in the exterior top wall 57. In that case, considering the balance, the second screw hole 54b should be provided in the interior bottom wall 52. In this case, the metal engaging piece 62 constitutes the upper wall of the first recess 60.

[0031] The metal engaging piece 62 and the support piece 63 are parallel to each other, and the resin engaging piece 80, which will be described later, fits into them just right. To summarize, the first screw hole 54a is located on the exterior side of either the bottom wall of the upward-facing space 44 for holding the surface material or the top wall of the downward-facing space 43 for holding the surface material, and the second screw hole 54b is located on the interior side of either the bottom wall or the top wall. In the vertical direction of the second screw hole 54b, the metal engaging piece 62 protrudes from one side where the bottom wall and the top wall face each other, and the support piece 63 protrudes from the other side, with the metal engaging piece 62 and the support piece 63 positioned to sandwich the resin engaging piece 80.

[0032] A small downward-facing claw 62a is provided at the tip of the metal engaging piece 62. The metal engaging piece 62 is positioned on the outdoor side of the indoor-side facing surface 47aa of the indoor-side retaining piece 47. The indoor-side retaining piece 47, which forms part of the downward space 43 for holding the surface material, protrudes downward from the tip of the support piece 63. Three or more screw holes 54 may be provided in the metal intermediate rail 50.

[0033] The resin crossbar 51 is fixed to the metal crossbar 50 so as to leave a small gap on the interior side. The resin crossbar 51 is elongated in the vertical direction, with a vertical width ratio of approximately 1:1 and a depth width ratio of approximately 2:7 with respect to the metal crossbar 50. The resin crossbar 51 has two hollow sections 70, one above the other. The two hollow sections 70 are separated by a short horizontal partition wall 71, and the shape is vertically symmetrical. The horizontal partition wall 71 is a partition in the depth direction.

[0034] The indoor-facing visible wall of the resin residue 51 is flat. The outdoor-facing walls of the two hollow sections 70 consist of a central wall 72, two hollow intermediate walls 73 adjacent to the central wall 72 vertically, and upper and lower end walls 74. The hollow intermediate wall 73 is located approximately in the middle of the hollow section 70. The hollow intermediate wall 73 is approximately facing the base end piece 47a. The end walls 74 are approximately facing the tip piece 47b. The central wall 72, the two hollow intermediate walls 73, and the two end walls 74 each have approximately equal vertical widths. The central wall 72 and the end walls 74 are in the same position in the depth direction, and the hollow intermediate wall 73 is shifted outwards. The amount of the outward shift of the hollow intermediate wall 73 is approximately the thickness of each wall.

[0035] The central wall 72 is recessed inward relative to the adjacent cavity intermediate wall 73, forming a rectangular second recess 75 that opens outward. The second recess 75 faces the first recess 60 and forms a rectangular tool insertion space 76, as shown by the dashed line in Figure 4.

[0036] Small protrusions 77 project from near the upper and lower ends of the end wall 74. L-shaped engaging pieces 78 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the end wall 74. The two engaging pieces 78 project in a direction in which their bent portions are close to each other. The first engaging portion 79 is formed by inserting the tip piece 47b between the protrusions 77 and the engaging pieces 78. The first engaging portion 79 has substantially the same structure as the engaging portion 40 described above.

[0037] A resin engaging piece 80 protrudes toward the outside from near the upper end of the lower of the two cavity intermediate walls 73. A small upward-facing claw 80a is provided at the tip of the resin engaging piece 80. The metal intermediate rail 50 and the resin intermediate rail 51 are joined by sliding relative to each other in the longitudinal direction, and as described above, the resin engaging piece 80 is fitted and clamped between the metal engaging piece 62 and the support piece 63. The claw 62a of the metal engaging piece 62 and the claw 80a of the resin engaging piece 80 are positioned opposite each other in the depth direction to prevent them from coming loose. The metal engaging piece 62, the support piece 63, and the resin engaging piece 80 overlap vertically to form the second engaging portion 81. Note that, in the stage before the crimping portion 83 described later is formed, the second engaging portion 81 is in a state where the metal engaging piece 62 and the resin engaging piece 80, and the claw 62a and the claw 80a are not in contact, and a gap is secured.

[0038] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the end of the intermediate rail 28 and its surrounding area. Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the end of the intermediate rail 28 and its surrounding area. The metal intermediate rail 50 of the intermediate rail 28 is fitted into the vertical space 37 for holding the surface material, which is formed between the outdoor side retaining piece 35 and the indoor side retaining piece 36 of the vertical frame 25, and its end is abutted against the inner circumferential surface 31c of the metal vertical frame 31 via a sheet-like sealer 82. In the height range in which the metal intermediate rail 50 is inserted, the block engaging piece 49 and the folded portion 35a are cut out. The cut-out end 35aa of the folded portion 35a abuts against the edge of the outdoor side retaining piece 46 of the metal intermediate rail 50 without any gap. The outdoor side retaining piece 46 abuts against the indoor side visible surface of the outdoor side retaining piece 35. The tip piece 47b of the indoor side retaining piece 47 is partially cut out, and its cut-out end 47ba is in close contact with the edge of the indoor side retaining piece 36 without any gap. The base piece 47a of the indoor side retaining piece 47 is in contact with the outdoor side surface of the indoor side retaining piece 36.

[0039] Of the intermediate rails 28, the resin intermediate rail 51 is slightly shorter than the metal intermediate rail 50 and fits into the fitting hole 32d formed on the inner circumference side of the resin vertical frame 32. A portion of the resin intermediate rail 51 abuts against the end of the indoor side retaining piece 36. In this way, both the metal intermediate rail 50 and the resin intermediate rail 51 fit into the inner circumference opening of the vertical frame 25, and the intermediate rails 28 are joined to the vertical frame 25 in a spigot-like manner. The insertion depth D of the resin intermediate rail 51 into the fitting hole 32d is small, for example, about 2 mm.

[0040] Figure 7 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the end of the intermediate rail 28 as seen from the indoor side. Near the end of the second engaging portion 81, the metal intermediate rail 50 and the resin intermediate rail 51 are fixed by a crimping portion 83. In the crimping portion 83, the metal engaging piece 62 is pressed downward against the resin engaging piece 80 and crimped in place. The tool directly applies pressure to the metal engaging piece 62, while the resin engaging piece 62 is only indirectly subjected to pressure and may undergo plastic deformation but will not crack. During crimping, the lower surface of the resin engaging piece 80 is supported by the support piece 63. Further below the crimping portion 83 is an indoor-side retaining piece 47 that supports the support piece 63. The crimping portion 83 is fixed to the resin engaging piece 80 by forming two crimping protrusions 83a that are symmetrical on both sides relative to the metal engaging piece 62. The two crimping protrusions 83a are bent such that a portion of the indoor-side edge of the metal engaging piece 62 is sheared and inclined downward in a direction that separates them from each other.

[0041] The crimped portion 83 fixes the resin corrugator 51 to the metal corrugator 50, suppressing expansion and contraction due to temperature changes. Because expansion and contraction are suppressed, the resin corrugator 51 will not come out of the fitting hole 32d even when the depth D is small. Also, because expansion is suppressed, excessive force is not applied to the joint between the metal corrugator 50 and the resin corrugator 51. The crimped portion 83 is basically formed near both the left and right ends of the corrugator 28, but if the insertion depth D for one of the fitting holes 32d can be set to be large, that one can be omitted. In other words, depending on the conditions, the crimped portion 83 only needs to be provided near at least one of the left and right ends of the corrugator 28.

[0042] The metal crossbar 50 and the resin crossbar 51 engage with each other at their upper and lower ends by first engaging portions 79, and further engage with each other between the two first engaging portions 79 by a second engaging portion 81. The crimping portion 83 is provided on the second engaging portion 81. Therefore, the vertical balance is good and expansion and contraction due to temperature changes can be suitably suppressed. The first engaging portions 79 are provided at or near both ends of the crossbar 28 in the width direction (in this case, the vertical direction).

[0043] The tool can be inserted into the tool insertion space 76 to perform crimping on the crimping portion 83. The vertical partition wall 58 and the central wall 72 can be used to position the tool. The second engagement portion 81 is provided between the upward-facing surface material holding space 44 and the downward-facing surface material holding space 43, and is free from layout constraints with the indoor-side retaining piece 47, surface materials 29a, 29b, setting block 39, etc., and can secure the tool insertion space 76. However, due to the relative positional relationship between the first engagement portion 79 and the upward-facing surface material holding space 44 and the downward-facing surface material holding space 43, it is difficult to provide space for tool insertion (see Figure 4).

[0044] The second engaging portion 81 is located slightly below the vertical center of the middle rail 28. By positioning the second engaging portion 81 in a location that avoids the vertical center, it is prevented from assembling the resin middle rail 51 upside down, which is effective, for example, when the indoor-facing surface of the resin middle rail 51 has an asymmetrical pattern.

[0045] As described above, the metal engaging piece 62 and the resin engaging piece 80 overlap vertically, and the claws 62a and 80a engage in a locking mechanism. Furthermore, since the crimping portion 83 crimps this second engaging portion 81 in the vertical direction, the resin engaging piece 80 is pulled slightly outward, that is, in the direction in which the engagement deepens, so that the engagement does not come undone in this portion. In addition, the metal engaging piece 62 and the resin engaging piece 80 abut without any gaps in the crimping portion 83 and its vicinity. The indoor-facing visible wall of the resin middle rail 51 is connected to the resin engaging piece 80 via the horizontal partition wall 71 and the central wall 72, and is pulled outward together with the resin engaging piece 80, so that no distortion occurs in the hollow portion 70. The metal engaging piece 62 and the resin engaging piece 80 overlap vertically, which reduces the vertical dimension, but depending on the design conditions, they may be made to overlap in the depth direction.

[0046] Since the metal engaging piece 62 is positioned on the outdoor side of the indoor side facing surface 47aa of the indoor side retaining piece 47, no special processing is required other than the crimping portion 83. The crimping tool enters the vertical center of the middle rail 28, resulting in high stability during operation.

[0047] Figure 8 shows the sealer 82. The sealer 82 will be explained with reference to Figures 4 and 8. The sealer 82 is slightly compressed when the end of the metal crossbar 50 abuts against it, and it provides a watertight seal between it and the inner circumferential surface 31c of the metal vertical frame 31. It has an irregular H-shape with the top and bottom of the rectangle cut out. The sealer 82 is inexpensive.

[0048] The sealant 82 has an uncompressed thickness of, for example, about 1.5 to 2 mm. The sealant 82 has a roughly square central portion 82a, an outdoor protrusion 82b that protrudes vertically on the outdoor side, and an indoor protrusion 82c that protrudes vertically on the indoor side. Two screw holes 82d are formed in the central portion 82a.

[0049] The depth and vertical width of the sealer 82 and the metal crossbar 50 are approximately equal, the outdoor retaining piece 46 abuts against the outdoor projection 82b, and the indoor retaining piece 47 abuts against the indoor projection 82c. The screw holes 82d are located in positions corresponding to the screw holes 54a and 54b. The central portion 82a is positioned between the notches of the block engaging piece 49, with a small gap between it and the notched end of the block engaging piece 49.

[0050] The upper edge 84 of the sealer 82 forms a horizontal edge (water guide edge) 84a, an inclined edge (water guide edge) 84b, and a bottom edge 84c in order from the indoor side to the outdoor side. The bottom edge 84c is located above the outdoor side bottom wall 53 and is the lowest of the upper edges 84. The bottom edge 84c is slightly above the screw hole 54a. The horizontal edge 84a and inclined edge 84b are relatively on the indoor side and relatively higher than the bottom edge 84c. The inclined edge 84b slopes downward towards the outdoor side at approximately a 45-degree angle and connects the horizontal edge 84a and the bottom edge 84c. The intersection of the horizontal edge 84a and the inclined edge 84b is slightly on the outdoor side of the block engaging piece 49. In this embodiment, when the depth width of the metal intermediate crossbar 50 is used as a reference, the horizontal edge 84a is about 1 / 2, the inclined edge 84b is about 1 / 6, and the bottom edge 84c is about 1 / 6.

[0051] There are three possible routes through which water can enter the upward-facing space 44 that holds the surface material. The first route is through which water that has fallen along the exterior or interior surface of the upper surface material 29a enters due to deterioration of the seal 38 or other reasons. The second route is through which water enters from the point where the notched end 35aa of the folded portion 35a and the exterior retaining piece 46 come into contact, or from the point where the notched end 47aba of the interior retaining piece 47 and the interior retaining piece 36 come into contact. Although these points are in contact without any gaps, they are so-called metal-to-metal contacts, and there is a possibility that a small amount of water may seep in. The third route is through which water enters the vertical space 37 that holds the surface material from the upper edge of the surface material 29a and falls down along the inner circumferential surface 31c of the metal vertical frame 31.

[0052] Water entering through the first and second pathways falls onto the indoor bottom wall 52 or the outdoor bottom wall 53 and is discharged to the outside via the first drain hole 55 and the second drain hole 61. Of this, the water that first falls onto the indoor bottom wall 52 is basically condensation water from inside the room and is extremely small in amount. Therefore, most of the water entering through the first and second pathways falls onto the outdoor bottom wall 53 without passing through the indoor bottom wall 52.

[0053] On the other hand, flooding from the third route can take two paths, as schematically shown in Figure 4: one indicated by arrow A1 towards the outside and the other by arrow A2 towards the inside. The path indicated by arrow A1 is generally on the outside of the block engagement piece 49, and the path indicated by arrow A2 is generally on the inside of the block engagement piece 49.

[0054] The water along the path of arrow A1 reaches the bottom edge 84c, or it first reaches the inclined edge 84b and is guided diagonally downward along the slope to reach the bottom edge 84c, from where it falls further down and passes through the outdoor bottom wall 53 to the first drain hole 55.

[0055] The water along the path of arrow A2 initially reaches the horizontal edge 84a, but due to the moderate thickness of the sealant 82, it hardly falls down and moves horizontally. Then it reaches the inclined edge 84b and is guided diagonally downward along the slope to the bottom edge 84c, from where it falls further down and passes through the outdoor bottom wall 53 to the first drain hole 55.

[0056] In this way, water that flows down the inner perimeter surface 31c hardly passes through the indoor bottom wall 52, and is guided by the horizontal edge 84a and the inclined edge 84b to the bottom edge 84c, and then flows to the outdoor bottom wall 53, further preventing water from entering the room.

[0057] Furthermore, water that flows down the inner circumferential surface 31c is drained through drainage holes 55 and 61 formed in the middle rail 28, so drainage holes are not required in the metal vertical frames 31 and 33, and water does not need to pass through the hollow sections 31a and 31b. In other words, the drainage function is completed by processing only the middle rail 28, so drainage processing is not required on the vertical frames 25 and 26.

[0058] The water guide edge that guides water to the bottom edge 84c is not limited to a horizontal edge 84a and an inclined edge 84b, but may also be a single inclined edge 84d, for example, as shown by the dashed line in Figure 8. In this case, there is no portion corresponding to the horizontal edge 84a, and the inclined edge 84d connects the bottom edge 84c and the outdoor projection 82b with a gentle slope. Alternatively, the water guide edge may be a stepped shape with the inclined edge 84b omitted, for example, as a single horizontal edge 84e, as shown by the dashed line in Figure 8. In other words, the water guide edge may be horizontal, downward sloping, or a combination of these shapes toward the bottom edge 84c.

[0059] The above explanation of the middle rail 28 was given using the point where it abuts against the meeting stile 25 of the inner shoji screen 15 as an example, but the basic structure is the same on the door frame 26 side. The structure of the middle rail 28 for the outer shoji screen 14 is basically the same as that of the inner shoji screen 15. A structure similar to the middle rail 28 can be applied to a horizontal member, such as a transom, which is made up of an exterior metal horizontal member and an interior resin horizontal member, between the left and right vertical members. In addition, the horizontal member that abuts against the vertical members via a sealer 82 is not limited to the middle rail 28, but may also be the bottom frame 20, etc.

[0060] Next, we will describe the modified intermediate crossbar 28A. Figure 9 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the intermediate crossbar 28A and its surrounding area according to a modified example. Figure 10 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the end of the intermediate crossbar 28A and its surrounding area. Figure 11 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the end of the intermediate crossbar 28A and its surrounding area. The intermediate crossbar 28A includes a metal intermediate crossbar 50A, which is a modified example of the metal intermediate crossbar 50. In the intermediate crossbar 28A and the metal intermediate crossbar 50A, the same reference numerals are used for components similar to those in the intermediate crossbar 28 and the metal intermediate crossbar 50, and their detailed descriptions are omitted.

[0061] In the metal crossbar 50A, the first drain hole 90, which corresponds to the first drain hole 55 described above, is provided as a first outdoor drain hole 90a and a first indoor drain hole 90b. The first outdoor drain hole 90a and the first indoor drain hole 90b are formed in the outdoor bottom wall 53, and are roughly rectangular in shape with a width X greater than the depth width, providing a sufficient area for drainage.

[0062] The first outdoor drain hole 90a is located on the outdoor side of the screw hole 54a and is positioned to avoid the longitudinal end of the metal crossbar 50A. As described above, the main reason why the first drain hole 55 is positioned to avoid the longitudinal end of the metal crossbar 50 is to prevent it from hindering the screw 85 from being screwed into the screw hole 54a. In contrast, the main reason why the first outdoor drain hole 90a is positioned to avoid the longitudinal end of the metal crossbar 50A is to ensure that the outdoor corner of the metal crossbar 50A is securely in contact with the metal vertical frame 31 via the sealer 82 to obtain strong connection strength, and furthermore, it is expected that the outdoor corner will not easily deform when subjected to forces such as wind pressure on the outdoor retaining piece 46 because it is connected to the metal vertical frame 31. The first outdoor drain hole 90a is approximately equivalent to the first outdoor drain hole 55a (see Figure 5). The first drain hole 55 described above may be provided in the same position as the first outdoor drain hole 90a.

[0063] The first indoor drain hole 90b is located on the indoor side of the screw hole 54a and is formed by cutting out the end of the metal crossbar 50A. In other words, the first indoor drain hole 90b is formed at the longitudinal end of the metal crossbar 50A. The first indoor drain hole 90b and the second drain hole 61 are in the same position in the X direction and have similar X widths. The Y width of the first indoor drain hole 90b is set to be as large as possible, specifically, it is secured from the indoor visible surface position of the screw hole 54a on the outdoor bottom wall 53 to the step between it and the indoor bottom wall 52. The first indoor drain hole 90b does not extend into the range of the screw hole 54a and does not interfere with the screwing in of the screw 85. The block engaging piece 49 is cut out only at the portion facing the first indoor drain hole 90b so that water can flow in the depth direction.

[0064] The metal crossbar 50A is butted against the inner circumferential surface of the metal vertical frame 31 via the sealer 82, similar to the metal crossbar 50 described above, so as to be perpendicular to the inner circumferential surface. Therefore, a right-angled inner corner is formed between the metal crossbar 50A and the sealer 82.

[0065] Incidentally, water exhibits capillary action, allowing it to penetrate through narrow pipes or confined spaces. In the present configuration, capillary action can occur along the inner corner between the metal intermediate rib 50A and the sealant 82. The path, for example, as shown by arrow A3 (see Figures 9 and 11), enters the indoor side from the top of the outdoor side retaining piece 46, descends along the inner corner with the sealant 82, moves to the indoor side along the inner corner between the outdoor side bottom wall 53 and the sealant 82, and then overcomes gravity to pass over the screw hole 54a. In this embodiment, since the first indoor drain hole 90b is formed to open on the end face of the metal intermediate rib 50A, water that exceeds the screw hole 54a is discharged through the hollow section 59 and out of the second drain hole 61. Therefore, as shown by the dashed arrow A4, water does not penetrate further into the indoor side along the outdoor side bottom wall 53. In this modified example, the same water flow as indicated by arrows A1 and A2 in Figure 4 is ensured through the first outdoor drain hole 90a, although the arrows A1 and A2 are not shown in Figures 9 to 11. Some of the water indicated by arrows A1 and A2 can also be discharged through the first indoor drain hole 90b along arrow A3. Therefore, the bottom edge 84c of the sealer 82 and the first indoor drain hole 90b have a complementary function.

[0066] The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and can be freely modified without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0067] The joinery according to this embodiment is a joinery in which a horizontal member is provided between left and right vertical members, the end of the horizontal member is abutted against the inner circumference of the vertical member via a sheet-like sealer, the upper surface of the horizontal member constitutes the bottom wall of an upward-facing space for holding the lower end of the facing material, the bottom wall is stepped downward from the interior to the exterior, a first drain hole is formed in the exterior bottom wall of the bottom wall, the upper edge of the sealer has a bottom edge located above the exterior bottom wall and a water guide edge that is on the interior side of the bottom edge and is higher than the bottom edge, and the water guide edge is horizontal, downward-sloping, or a combination of these shapes toward the bottom edge.

[0068] As a result, water dripping down the inner surface of the vertical members is guided from the water guide edge of the sealer to the bottom edge, and then enters the exterior bottom wall. Therefore, water hardly passes through any bottom walls other than the exterior bottom wall, further preventing intrusion into the interior.

[0069] The lower surface of the horizontal member constitutes the top wall of the downward-facing space for holding the surface material, which holds the upper end of the bottom surface material. The top wall may form a hollow space between itself and the bottom wall, and a second drainage hole may be formed therein for draining water from the hollow space.

[0070] The second drainage hole may be formed at the end of the horizontal member in the longitudinal direction.

[0071] The exterior bottom wall is provided with screw holes protruding upward for fastening to the vertical members, and the first drain hole may be formed across the screw holes in the depth direction.

[0072] If the first drain hole is formed in a position that avoids the longitudinal end of the horizontal member, it does not affect the screwing of the screw into the screw hole.

[0073] The exterior bottom wall is provided with screw holes protruding upward for fastening screws to the vertical members, and the first drain hole comprises a first exterior drain hole located on the exterior side of the screw holes and a first interior drain hole on the interior side, and the first interior drain hole is formed at the longitudinal end of the horizontal member, thereby preventing water from seeping into the interior along the corner with the sealer due to capillary action.

[0074] If the first outdoor drain hole is formed in a position that avoids the longitudinal end of the horizontal member, the connection strength between the horizontal member and the vertical member can be maintained. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0075] 10 Door frame, 14 Outer shoji screen, 15 Inner shoji screen, 23 Upper frame, 24 Lower frame, 25 Meeting stile (vertical member), 26 Door edge frame (vertical member), 28,28A Middle rail (horizontal member), 29a Face material (upper surface), 29b Face material (lower surface), 31,33 Metal vertical frame, 31c Inner circumference side surface, 32,34 Resin vertical frame, 32d Fitting hole, 35,46 Outdoor side retaining piece, 36,47 Indoor side retaining piece, 37 Vertical space for holding face material, 43 Downward space for holding face material, 44 Upward space for holding face material, 47a Base piece, 47aa Indoor side visible surface, 47b Tip piece, 50, 50A Metal crossbar (metal horizontal member), 51 Resin crossbar (resin horizontal member), 52 Indoor bottom wall, 53 Outdoor bottom wall, 54a First screw hole, 54b Second screw hole, 55, 90 First drain hole, 56 Indoor top wall, 57 Outdoor top wall, 58 Vertical partition wall, 60 First recess, 61 Second drain hole, 62 Metal engaging piece, 63 Support piece, 71 Horizontal partition wall, 72 Central wall, 73 Cavity intermediate wall, 74 End wall, 75 Second recess, 76 Tool insertion space, 79 First engaging part, 80 Resin engaging piece, 81 Second engaging part, 82 Sealer, 83 Crimping part, 84 Upper edge, 84a Horizontal edge (water guide edge), 84b Sloping edge (water guide edge), 84c bottom edge, 84d sloping edge, 85 screw, 90a first outdoor drain hole, 90b first indoor drain hole

Claims

1. In a door or window where a horizontal member is provided between the left and right vertical members, The end of the horizontal member is butted against the inner circumferential surface of the vertical member via a sheet-like sealant. The upper surface of the aforementioned horizontal member constitutes the bottom wall of the upward-facing space for holding the lower end of the facing material. The aforementioned bottom wall slopes downward in a stepped manner from the interior side to the exterior side. A first drainage hole is formed in the outdoor-facing bottom wall of the aforementioned bottom wall. The upper edge of the sealer is provided with a bottom edge located above the exterior bottom wall, and a water guide edge located on the interior side of the bottom edge and higher than the bottom edge. The water guide edge is horizontal, slopes downward, or has a combination of these shapes toward the bottom edge. A type of joinery characterized by its features.

2. The lower surface of the horizontal member constitutes the top wall of the downward-facing space for holding the surface material, which holds the upper end of the lower member. The top wall forms a hollow space between itself and the bottom wall, and a second drainage hole is formed therein to drain water from the hollow space. The joinery according to feature 1.

3. The second drain hole is formed at the end of the horizontal member in the longitudinal direction. The joinery according to feature 2.

4. The exterior bottom wall is provided with screw holes protruding upward for fastening screws to the vertical members. The first drain hole is formed to traverse the screw hole in the depth direction. The joinery according to feature 1.

5. The first drain hole is formed in a position that avoids the longitudinal end of the horizontal member. The joinery according to feature 4.

6. The exterior bottom wall is provided with screw holes protruding upward for fastening screws to the vertical members. The first drain hole comprises a first outdoor drain hole located on the outdoor side of the screw hole, and a first indoor drain hole located on the indoor side. The first indoor drain hole is formed at the end of the horizontal member in the longitudinal direction. The joinery according to feature 1.

7. The first outdoor drain hole is formed in a position that avoids the longitudinal end of the horizontal member. The joinery described in feature 6.

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