Indication device

Abstract

This specification relates to a display device that has improved performance even after thermal degradation compared to conventional display devices. The display device described herein can reduce the brightness difference at the viewing angle between a degraded device and an undegraded device, which cannot be fully corrected by frontal compensation alone. [Solution] Compared with conventional display devices in which subpixels are arranged in a regular two-dimensional array, the display device of this specification is characterized by moving a portion of the subpixel light-emitting region relative to the subpixel lens along the critical direction in the plane of the display device. Such a design compensates for the reduction of the subpixel light-emitting region in degraded display devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to a display device, and more particularly to a display device that reduces the luminance difference between a degraded device and a non-degraded device at extreme viewing angles that cannot be fully corrected by only front compensation.

Background Art

[0002] As technology in modern society develops, display devices are widely used to provide information to users. Display devices include not only electro-optical panels that simply transmit visual information in one direction, but also various electronic devices that require higher technologies to confirm user input and provide information corresponding to the confirmed input.

[0003] For example, a display device can be included in a vehicle to provide various information to the driver and passengers of the vehicle. However, the display device in the vehicle needs to appropriately display content so as not to interfere with the operation of the vehicle. For example, the display device needs to limit the display of content that can reduce the driver's concentration during the operation of the vehicle.

[0004] The narrow vertical viewing angle range is particularly important in the field of vehicle display devices. This is because if the vertical viewing angle is large, the image displayed on the display device may be reflected on the front glass and the driver's attention may become distracted. For this reason, vehicle display devices are manufactured to have an intentionally limited vertical viewing angle. In addition, since the vehicle display device is not always installed in the driver's line of sight, if the vertical viewing angle is excessively small, the visibility may decrease and cause inconvenience.

[0005] While modern display devices have significantly improved in performance compared to earlier products, degradation can still occur due to a variety of factors. These include electrical stress on light-emitting compounds, thermal effects on materials, humidity (which is well known to affect the degradation of many organic compounds), and sunlight (in particular, the ultraviolet component can decompose organic compounds). Factors such as manufacturing defects in the panel, excessive use of certain pixels, and prolonged display of still images can also accelerate the degradation of display devices.

[0006] Degradation of display devices tends to manifest as a contraction of the light-emitting area of ​​some subpixels within the device. The combination of this contraction of the light-emitting area and the fixed lens structure and aperture used to emit light from the subpixels can lead to a reduction in the viewing angle. This phenomenon is even more pronounced in vehicle display devices, where the vertical viewing angle is inherently limited. Therefore, maintaining an effective vertical viewing angle range close to the initial state is crucial in terms of convenience and stability. While electronic compensation techniques can be used to correct the degradation of display devices, this method cannot restore the loss of the edges of the light-emitting area, and therefore has limitations in restoring initial performance in areas with extreme viewing angles. Consequently, a design solution is needed that can maintain the viewing angle range of the display device despite the contraction of the subpixel light-emitting area.

[0007] The information described above in the background art is provided solely for the purpose of understanding the concept of the invention and does not imply prior art. [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0008] The problem that this specification aims to solve is to provide a display device that can provide images across the entire initial viewing angle range when a user moves vertically relative to the display device screen, even if deterioration occurs in the components of the display device.

[0009] Another problem that this specification seeks to solve is to provide a display device that can prevent images from being reflected off structures located outside the display device. This should be achieved without extending the original viewing angle range of the display device.

[0010] Another problem that this specification seeks to solve is to provide a display device in which the brightness difference between degraded and undegraded light-emitting regions is reduced, which can become even more pronounced at extreme viewing angles.

[0011] Further features of this specification will be described below, some of which may be obvious from the descriptions below or may be understood through the examples provided herein. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] A display device according to one embodiment of this specification includes a substrate, a plurality of pixels including a plurality of subpixels that emit red, green, or blue light, each of the plurality of subpixels including a light-emitting element including a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode arranged sequentially on the substrate, a touch buffer film arranged on the second electrode, a touch electrode arranged on the touch buffer film, and an optical member whose peripheral portion is arranged on the touch electrode, and a bank layer including an aperture corresponding to each of the plurality of subpixels and defining the light-emitting region of each light-emitting element, each of the plurality of subpixels including the light-emitting element including a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode arranged sequentially on the substrate, a touch buffer film arranged on the second electrode, a touch electrode arranged on the touch buffer film, and an optical member whose peripheral portion is arranged on the touch electrode, the plurality of subpixels are grouped into a plurality of subpixel groups, each of the plurality of subpixel groups includes three subpixels that emit light of the same color when electrically driven, and the three subpixels included in each of the plurality of subpixel groups are adjacent to each other within the subpixel group to which they belong The subpixel groups are arranged in a two-dimensional array consisting of the X and Y axes, and the subpixel groups corresponding to red, green, and blue are arranged in substantially mixed positions within the two-dimensional array, and the X, Y, and Z axes are perpendicular to each other and are defined as the region through which emitted light passes after passing through the optical member and is projected onto the XY plane, and the emission region of each subpixel is larger than the emission region of the light-emitting element corresponding to each subpixel and substantially smaller than the projected region which is the shape obtained by projecting the optical member onto the XY plane along the Z axis, and for each subpixel group, the first subpixel has a subpixel emission region that is center-aligned along the Z axis with the optical member corresponding to the first subpixel, and the geometric center of the subpixel emission region coincides with the geometric center of the shape obtained by projecting the shape of the optical member onto the XY plane along the Z axis, the second subpixel has a subpixel emission region that is moved in a first direction along the Y axis compared to the first subpixel, and the third subpixel has a subpixel emission region that is moved in a second direction which is the opposite direction to the first direction compared to the first subpixel, and each subpixel emission region isThe optical component is completely contained within the projection region, which is the shape obtained by projecting the Z-axis direction onto the XY plane.

[0013] In some embodiments, the display device may further include one or more additional touch electrodes placed on the touch buffer layer.

[0014] In some embodiments, multiple touch electrodes may be arranged on the periphery of the touch buffer layer and may be in contact with the periphery of the optical element.

[0015] In some embodiments, each of the multiple pixels may include a sub-pixel group that emits red light, a sub-pixel group that emits green light, and a sub-pixel group that emits blue light.

[0016] In some embodiments, each subpixel light-emitting region may be substantially rectangular, the shape obtained by projecting the shape of the optical member onto the XY plane may also be substantially rectangular, multiple subpixels may be arranged so that their major axes are adjacent to each other within the subpixel group containing them, multiple subpixel groups may be arranged so that the minor axes of the subpixels contained therein are adjacent to the minor axes of adjacent subpixel groups, and for each of the multiple pixels, the multiple subpixel light-emitting regions may be arranged in a 2D array of 3x3 subpixels on the XY plane.

[0017] In some embodiments, for each subpixel row, which includes a first subpixel, a second light-emitting subpixel, and a third light-emitting subpixel for each of the multiple pixels, each of the first subpixel, the second subpixel, and the third subpixel may include a subpixel light-emitting region that is moved by the same distance in the Y-axis direction compared to a subpixel that is center-aligned with the optical member along the Z-axis.

[0018] In some embodiments, each of the multiple pixels may include one first subpixel group, three second subpixel groups, and three third subpixel groups, each subpixel light-emitting region may be substantially rectangular, the shape obtained by projecting the shape of each of the multiple optical members onto the XY plane may be substantially rectangular, the multiple subpixels may be arranged so that their major axes are adjacent to each other within the second subpixel group or the third subpixel group, and so that their minor axes are adjacent to each other within the first subpixel group, the multiple subpixels may be arranged so that their minor axes are adjacent to each other at the boundary where the second subpixel group and the third subpixel group abut each other, but so that their major axes are adjacent to each other at the boundary where the first subpixel group abuts the second subpixel group or the third subpixel group, and each of the multiple pixels may be arranged on the XY plane to include seven subpixel groups. In some embodiments, the first subpixel group may emit red light, the second subpixel group may emit green light, and the third subpixel group may emit blue light.

[0019] In some embodiments, the second and third subpixel groups may be arranged alternately along the long axis of the first subpixel group in the XY plane, and in each row of six second or third subpixel groups arranged so that the short axis directions of the subpixels are adjacent to each other, the subpixel group may include subpixel emission regions that are moved by the same distance in the Y axis direction compared to subpixels that are center-aligned with the optical member along the Z axis. In some embodiments, the first subpixel group may emit red light, the second subpixel group may emit green light, and the third subpixel group may emit blue light.

[0020] In other embodiments, the second and third subpixel groups may be arranged alternately along the major axis of the first subpixel group in the XY plane, and for each row of six second or third subpixel groups arranged so that the minor axis directions of the subpixels are adjacent to each other, the subpixel group may have an equal number of subpixel emission regions that have a displacement of 0 in the Y direction compared to subpixels centered with the optical member along the Z axis, subpixel emission regions that have been moved in a first direction along the Y axis, and subpixel emission regions that have been moved in a second direction along the Y axis. In embodiments, the first color may be red, the second color may be green, and the third color may be blue.

[0021] In some embodiments, the substrate, light-emitting element, light-emitting layer, second electrode, and touch buffer layer may be arranged continuously across the entire area of ​​the display device.

[0022] In some embodiments, a buffer film may be placed on a substrate, a transistor layer may be placed on the buffer film, an overcoating layer may be placed on the transistor layer, a first electrode may be placed on the overcoating layer, the transistor layer may include a gate insulating film which can be placed on the buffer film, a first interlayer insulating film which can be placed on the gate insulating film, and a lower protective film which can be placed on the first interlayer insulating film, and in each subpixel region, transistors may be placed on the transistor layer corresponding to each first electrode, the transistor may include a semiconductor layer which can be placed on the buffer film, a gate insulating film which can be placed on the semiconductor layer, a gate electrode which can be placed on the gate insulating film, a first interlayer insulating film which can be placed on the gate electrode, a source electrode which can be placed on the first interlayer insulating film and electrically connected to the semiconductor layer, a drain electrode which can be placed on the first interlayer insulating film and electrically connected to the semiconductor layer, a lower protective film which can be placed on the source electrode and the drain electrode, and an overcoating layer which can be placed on the lower protective film, and the first electrode may be electrically connected to the source electrode or the drain electrode.

[0023] In some embodiments, a sealing member may be disposed on the second electrode, the touch buffer layer may be disposed on the sealing member, one or more touch bridge electrodes may be disposed in a peripheral region of the touch buffer layer, a second insulating layer may be disposed on the one or more touch bridge electrodes and the touch buffer layer, one or more opaque black matrices may be disposed on a peripheral portion of the second insulating layer, a third interlayer insulating film may be disposed on the opaque black matrix and the second insulating layer, one or more touch electrodes may be disposed on the third interlayer insulating film, an optical member may be disposed on the touch electrode and the third interlayer insulating film, an optical member protective film may be disposed on the touch electrode and the optical member, and the sealing member may include a first sealing layer, a second sealing layer, and a third sealing layer sequentially disposed on the second electrode.

[0024] The display device according to some embodiments may have reduced luminance dependency due to a viewing angle as compared to a display device in which the light emitting regions of all sub-pixels are centered along the Z-axis with respect to the optical members corresponding to each sub-pixel.

[0025] In the display device according to some embodiments, the Y-axis may extend along the vertical direction of the display screen.

[0026] In the display device according to some embodiments, all of the plurality of optical members may be arranged in row and column directions in the X-Y plane, and each of the plurality of optical members may be spaced apart at the same interval from an adjacent optical member.

[0027] In the display device according to some embodiments, a part of the bank layer corresponding to a peripheral region of each opening of the bank layer may be disposed on the first electrode of each of the plurality of sub-pixels, and light emission from the peripheral region of each opening of the bank layer can be blocked.

[0028] It should be understood that the foregoing description and the following description are for illustrative purposes and are provided to give additional explanation for a clearer understanding of the claimed invention.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0029] The attached drawings are included to facilitate a better understanding of the present invention, constitute part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention, and illustrate the technical idea of ​​the invention together with the description of the invention. [Figure 1] This is an illustrative diagram of a display device according to one embodiment of this specification. [Figure 2] This is a functional block diagram of a display device according to one embodiment of this specification. [Figure 3] This is a pixel-enlarged plan view included in a display device according to one embodiment of this specification. [Figure 4] Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of an example cut along the line IV-IV'. [Figure 5] This is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a cut along the line V-V' in Figure 3. The dotted line indicates the positional movement of the optical member according to one embodiment of this specification. [Figure 6a] This graph shows the difference in brightness as a percentage (%) between a degraded sample and an undegraded sample in the comparative example described herein, based on the viewing angle. The brightness difference was corrected so that it is 0 at a viewing angle of 0° (the direction of line of sight perpendicular to the display screen). [Figure 6b] This graph shows the difference in brightness between a degraded sample and an undegraded sample, expressed as a percentage (%), in a display device according to one embodiment of this specification, based on the viewing angle. [Figure 7] This is a pixel-enlarged plan view included in a display device according to another embodiment of this specification. [Figure 8] This is an enlarged plan view of pixels included in a display device according to another embodiment of this specification. [Figure 9] This is an enlarged plan view of pixels included in a display device according to another embodiment of this specification. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0030] According to this specification, even when a degraded display screen is viewed near the edge of the viewing angle in a new state, image distortion is reduced. This reduced distortion allows users to experience more vibrant colors, sharper detail, and more realistic images, thereby reducing visual fatigue and facilitating information transmission. As display devices are increasingly used as part of a diverse range of equipment, including vehicles, machinery, and home appliances, the quality of the visual experience is becoming even more crucial.

[0031] In the following description, numerous specific details are provided illustratively to ensure a full understanding of the various embodiments or examples of this specification. The terms “embodiment” and “example” as used herein are interchangeable and refer to non-limiting examples of apparatuses or methods applying one or more technical ideas disclosed herein. However, it is obvious that the various embodiments of this specification may be embodied without such specific details or in substantially equivalent configurations. Furthermore, publicly known structures and apparatuses may be illustrated in block diagram form to avoid unnecessarily complicating the embodiments of this specification. The various embodiments may differ from one another, but are not necessarily mutually exclusive. For example, a particular shape, structure, or feature of one embodiment may be applicable to another embodiment.

[0032] Unless otherwise stated, the illustrated embodiments should be understood as detailing some of the diverse forms in which this specification can actually be embodied. Accordingly, unless otherwise explicitly stated, features, components, modules, layers, films, panels, regions and / or sides (hereinafter individually or commonly referred to as “elements”) of the diverse embodiments may be combined, separated, exchanged and / or rearranged to the extent that they do not deviate from the ideas of this specification.

[0033] The hatching or shading in the attached drawings is provided to clarify the boundaries between adjacent elements and is not intended to indicate or limit any specific material, material properties, dimensions, proportions, commonalities, or other attributes (unless otherwise specified). Furthermore, the size and relative proportions of each element in the drawings may be exaggerated for illustrative purposes. Where embodiments can be embodied in different ways, the order of steps may also differ from the order described. For example, two steps described sequentially may be performed simultaneously or in reverse order. Also, the same reference numerals indicate the same element.

[0034] In this specification, when a layer-like element is referred to as "on," "connected to," or "coupled to," that element may be directly formed on or between other elements or layers. In contrast, when the expression "directly" is used, there is no intervening layer. The term "connected" can mean a physical, electrical, or fluid connection, regardless of the presence or absence of an intervening element. Furthermore, the D1, D2, and D3 axes are not limited to the x, y, and z axes of a Cartesian coordinate system, but may represent directions perpendicular or non-perpendicular to each other. The expressions "at least one of X, Y, and Z" or "at least one selected from the group consisting of X, Y, and Z" should be interpreted to include X only, Y only, Z only, or any combination thereof (XY, YZ, XYZ, etc.). Furthermore, "and / or" means all combinations that include one or more of the listed items.

[0035] In this specification, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are merely names used to distinguish different elements from one another and do not imply their order or importance. Therefore, the first element described below may also be called the second element.

[0036] Spatial relative terms such as "beneath," "below," "under," "lower," and "side" are used for explanatory purposes to describe the relative arrangement shown in the drawings. Such terms include various orientations during the use, operation, or manufacture of the device. For example, if the device shown in the drawing is turned upside down, elements that were in the "beneath" position may be in the "upper" position, and the term "beneath" can include both up and down directions. Furthermore, if the device is rotated 90 degrees or positioned in another direction, such spatial expressions should be interpreted accordingly.

[0037] The terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and should not be interpreted restrictively. The singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, terms such as "comprises," "comprising," "includes," and "including" include explicitly stated components and steps, but do not exclude the existence of other components or steps. In addition, terms such as "substantially" and "about" should be understood not as absolute numerical values, but as approximate expressions that include tolerances within the range recognizable to an ordinary person of skill.

[0038] Some of the embodiments described herein are illustrated in schematic forms such as cross-sectional views and exploded views, which schematically represent ideal forms or intermediate structures. Therefore, due to manufacturing errors and tolerances, the actual shape may differ from the illustrated shape, and this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The areas shown in the drawings are schematic and may differ from the area shapes of the actual device.

[0039] In accordance with the conventions of the art, some embodiments may be described and illustrated in the form of functional blocks, units, or modules. Those skilled in the art will understand that such blocks, units, or modules may be physically embodied in electronic (or optical) circuits such as logic circuits, microprocessors, hardwired circuits, memory elements, etc. Such circuits may be formed through semiconductor substrate manufacturing processes or other manufacturing techniques. When embodied in microprocessors or similar hardware, they may be controlled by software (e.g., microcode) and operated by firmware or software. Each block, unit, or module may also be embodied in dedicated hardware, or they may be combined such that some functions are performed by dedicated hardware and others by a processor (e.g., one or more programmed microprocessors and their circuits). In some embodiments, blocks, units, or modules may be separated into two or more interacting individual configurations, or conversely, combined into a single more complex configuration.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as that generally understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, terms with commonly used lexicographical definitions should be interpreted in a sense consistent with the context of the art, and not in an ideal or overly restrictive sense unless explicitly defined otherwise in the specification.

[0041] The area and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only, and this specification is not necessarily limited to the area and thickness of the components shown.

[0042] The features of each of the various embodiments described herein can be combined or combined with one another, either partially or as a whole, enabling a variety of technically diverse interoperability and drive, and each embodiment may be implemented independently of the others or together in relation to one another.

[0043] In the following, this specification will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0044] Figure 1 is an illustrative diagram of a display device according to one embodiment of this specification.

[0045] Referring to Figure 1, the display device 100 may be located on at least part of the vehicle's dashboard. The vehicle's dashboard may include configurations located in front of the front seats of the vehicle (e.g., driver's seat, passenger seat). For example, the vehicle's dashboard may house input configurations for operating various functions inside the vehicle (e.g., air conditioning, audio system, navigation system).

[0046] The display device 100 is positioned on the vehicle's dashboard and can function as an input unit for operating at least some of the vehicle's various functions. The display device 100 can provide various information related to the vehicle, such as vehicle operation information (e.g., current vehicle speed, remaining fuel amount, mileage), information on vehicle components (e.g., degree of damage to the vehicle's tires), etc.

[0047] The display device 100 may be positioned across the driver's seat and the front passenger seat located in the front seats of the vehicle. Users of the display device 100 may include the driver of the vehicle and the passenger in the front passenger seat. Anyone, whether the driver or passenger of the vehicle, can use the display device 100.

[0048] Figure 1 may show only a part of the displayed display device 100. The display device 100 shown in Figure 1 may show only the display panel among the various components included in the display device 100. Specifically, the display device 100 shown in Figure 1 may show only the display area and a portion of the non-display area of ​​the display panel.

[0049] Figure 2 is a functional block diagram of a display device according to one embodiment of this specification.

[0050] An electroluminescent display may be used in one embodiment of this specification. The electroluminescent display may be an organic light-emitting diode display, a quantum-dot light-emitting diode display, or an inorganic light-emitting diode display.

[0051] Referring to Figure 2, the display device 100 can include a display panel PN, a data drive circuit DD, a gate drive circuit GD, and a timing controller TD.

[0052] The display panel PN can generate an image to be presented to the user. For example, the display panel PN can generate and display an image presented to the user through multiple pixels PX, each of which has a pixel circuit.

[0053] The data drive circuit DD, gate drive circuit GD, and timing controller TD can provide signals for the operation of each pixel PX through signal wiring. For example, the signal wiring for providing signals for the operation of each pixel PX may include multiple data wiring DL and multiple gate wiring GL.

[0054] Multiple data routes DL may be arranged in a column direction and include multiple routes connected to pixels PX arranged in one column direction, and multiple gate routes GL may be arranged in a row direction and include multiple routes connected to pixels PX arranged in one row direction.

[0055] In some cases, the display device 100 may further include a power supply unit. In such cases, signals for the operation of the pixels PX may be provided through power wiring connecting the power supply unit and the display panel PN. In some embodiments, the power supply unit can supply power to a data drive circuit DD and a gate drive circuit GD. The data drive circuit DD and the gate drive circuit GD can be driven based on the power supplied from the power supply unit.

[0056] For example, the data drive circuit DD can apply a data signal to each pixel PX through multiple data wirings DL, the gate drive circuit GD can apply a gate signal to each pixel PX through multiple gate wirings GL, and the power supply unit can supply a power voltage to each pixel PX through power supply wiring.

[0057] The timing controller TD can control the data drive circuit DD and the gate drive circuit GD. For example, the timing controller TD can realign externally input digital video data to match the resolution of the display panel PN and supply it to the data drive circuit DD.

[0058] The data drive circuit DD can convert digital video data input from the timing controller TD into analog data voltages based on data control signals and supply them to multiple data lines DL.

[0059] A gate drive circuit GD can generate scan signals and light emission signals based on gate control signals. For example, a gate drive circuit GD may include a scan drive unit and a light emission signal drive unit. The scan drive unit can generate and supply scan signals to scan wiring in a row-by-row manner to drive at least one scan wiring connected for each row of pixels. The light emission signal drive unit can generate and supply light emission signals to light emission wiring in a row-by-row manner to drive at least one light emission signal wiring connected for each row of pixels.

[0060] Depending on the embodiment, the gate driver circuit GD may be arranged on the display panel PN in a GIP (Gate-driver In Panel) configuration. For example, the gate driver circuit GD may be divided into multiple units and arranged on at least two sides of the display panel PN. However, this specification is not limited thereto, and in some embodiments, the gate driver circuit GD may be implemented in a COG (Chip-On-Glass), COF (Chip-On-Film), or TCP (Tape-Carrier Package) configuration.

[0061] Figure 3 is an enlarged plan view of a pixel included in a display device according to one embodiment of this specification. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example cut along the line IV-IV' in Figure 3. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example cut along the line V-V' in Figure 3.

[0062] On the other hand, Figure 3 shows the subpixel arrangement of a pixel PX on the XY plane according to one embodiment of this specification, where the pixel PX includes three subpixel groups, for example, a first subpixel group RSPG, a second subpixel group GSPG, and a third subpixel group BSPG.

[0063] Furthermore, Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the XZ plane of the display device 100, cut along the line IV-IV' in Figure 3, showing the pixel where the first optical member RL1 of the first subpixel group RSPG is located, and Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the YZ plane of the display device 100, cut along the line V-V' in Figure 3, showing the pixel where the first optical member RL1, the second optical member RL2, and the third optical member RL3 of the first subpixel group RSPG are located.

[0064] On the other hand, in Figures 4 and 5, for the sake of explanation, only the region corresponding to the first subpixel group RSPG is shown among the three subpixel groups RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG shown in Figure 3, but the other subpixel groups GSPG and BSPG can also be formed with the same configuration.

[0065] On the other hand, for the sake of explanation, in the following, the screen thickness direction of the display device 100 will be described as the Z-axis direction of the Cartesian coordinate system XYZ space, and pixels and subpixels may be arranged on the XY plane perpendicular to the Z-axis. In some embodiments, the Y-axis of space may correspond to the vertical direction on the display device screen.

[0066] Referring to Figure 3, a pixel PX may exhibit different colors from one another and may include multiple subpixel groups RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG, each containing multiple subpixels. For example, a pixel PX may include a first subpixel group RSPG containing multiple red subpixels that embody red, a second subpixel group GSPG containing multiple green subpixels that embody green, and a blue subpixel group BSPG containing multiple blue subpixels that embody blue. For convenience, the first subpixel group RSPG may be referred to as the red subpixel group, the second subpixel group GSPG as the green subpixel group, and the third subpixel group BSPG as the blue subpixel group. In some embodiments, each subpixel group contains three subpixels, and each subpixel within the subpixel group can emit light of the same hue. Also, in some embodiments, a subpixel group can emit light only when the signal applied to that subpixel group matches the emission signal.

[0067] In a single pixel PX, each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG may be arranged in a subpixel line (row) parallel to the X-axis. For example, the first subpixel group RSPG, the second subpixel group GSPG, and the third subpixel group BSPG may be arranged sequentially in the first direction, but are not limited thereto. According to other embodiments, the arrangement order of the first subpixel group RSPG, the second subpixel group GSPG, and the third subpixel group BSPG within the line parallel to the X-axis in the pixel PX herein may be changed as needed.

[0068] Each subpixel group, RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG, contains multiple subpixels that emit the same color. Each of these subpixels may also contain, for example, a first light-emitting region RE1, GE1, BE1, a second light-emitting region RE2, GE2, BE2, and a third light-emitting region RE3, GE3, BE3, arranged along a line parallel to the X-axis. For example, referring to Figure 3, the first subpixel group RSPG contains a first subpixel, a second subpixel, and a third subpixel that emit the same color (red). Within the first subpixel group RSPG, the first subpixel contains the first light-emitting region RE1, the second subpixel contains the second light-emitting region RE2, and the third subpixel contains the third light-emitting region RE3. The second subpixel group GSPG may contain a first subpixel, a second subpixel, and a third subpixel that emit the same color (green). Furthermore, within the second subpixel group GSPG, the first subpixel includes the first light-emitting region GE1, the second subpixel includes the second light-emitting region GE2, and the third subpixel includes the third light-emitting region GE3. The third subpixel group BSPG includes the first subpixel, second subpixel, and third subpixel that emit the same color (blue) from each other. Within the third subpixel group BSPG, the first subpixel includes the first light-emitting region BE1, the second subpixel includes the second light-emitting region BE2, and the third subpixel includes the third light-emitting region BE3.

[0069] In some embodiments shown in Figure 3, the first subpixel, second subpixel, and third subpixel in the first subpixel group RSPG may be arranged along a line parallel to the Y-axis. Thus, the first light-emitting region RE1, the second light-emitting region RE2, and the third light-emitting region RE3 may be arranged in the Y-direction parallel to the Y-axis. In the second subpixel group GSPG, the first subpixel, second subpixel, and third subpixel may be arranged in the Y-direction parallel to the Y-axis. Thus, the first light-emitting region GE1, the second light-emitting region GE2, and the third light-emitting region GE3 may be arranged in the Y-direction parallel to the Y-axis. In the third subpixel group BSPG, the first subpixel, second subpixel, and third subpixel may be arranged in the Y-direction parallel to the Y-axis. Thus, the first light-emitting region BE1, the second light-emitting region BE2, and the third light-emitting region BE3 may be arranged in the Y-direction parallel to the Y-axis.

[0070] In some embodiments shown in Figure 3, the first subpixels of each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG can be arranged in the X-direction parallel to the X-axis. Thus, the first light-emitting regions RE1, GE1, and BE1 of each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG can be arranged in the X-direction parallel to the X-axis. Furthermore, the second subpixels of each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG can be arranged in the X-direction parallel to the X-axis. Thus, the second light-emitting regions RE2, GE2, and BE2 of each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG can be arranged in the X-direction parallel to the X-axis. The third subpixels of each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG can be arranged in the X-direction parallel to the X-axis. Thus, the third light-emitting regions RE3, GE3, and BE3 of each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG can be arranged in the X-direction parallel to the X-axis.

[0071] Therefore, in a single pixel PX, light-emitting regions E1, E2, and E3, each emitting a different color, can be arranged side by side in the X direction parallel to the X axis. In addition, in the Y direction parallel to the Y axis, light-emitting regions E1, E2, and E3, each emitting the same color, can be arranged side by side in three representative subpixel groups.

[0072] In some embodiments shown in Figure 3, each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG has multiple optical elements RL, GL, and BL superimposed on their respective light-emitting regions RE, GE, and BE in a line-of-sight direction parallel to the Z-axis. For example, referring to Figure 3, each of the multiple optical elements RL corresponds to one of the multiple light-emitting regions RE, and when projected onto the XY plane on which the subpixels are arranged, it has a shape that completely encloses the light-emitting region of the subpixel group RSPG. A similar relationship holds for the other subpixel groups GSPG and BSPG.

[0073] In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the respective optical elements RL, GL, and BL projected onto the XY plane may be rectangles with a major axis extending parallel to the X-axis, and may correspond to the shapes of the respective light-emitting regions RE, GE, and BE, which may also be rectangles with a major axis extending parallel to the X-axis. For example, the planar shape of each optical element RL, GL, and BL may be a bar shape extending parallel to the X-axis.

[0074] Referring to Figure 3, in each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG, each optical element RL, GL, and BL can be moved in a first or second direction (opposite directions) along a line parallel to the Y-axis relative to their respective light-emitting regions RE, GE, and BE. When the light-emitting regions RE2, GE2, and BE2 are projected onto the XY plane while observed in the Z-axis direction, their geometric centers coincide with the geometric centers of their respective optical elements. In contrast, the remaining light-emitting regions in Figure 3 are moved in a first direction RE1, GE1, BE1 or a second direction RE3, GE3, BE3 parallel to the Y-axis relative to their respective optical elements. Furthermore, the geometric centers of the optical elements RL1, RL3, GL1, GL3, BL1, and BL3 are moved from the geometric centers of their respective light-emitting regions when projected onto the XY plane.

[0075] Referring to Figure 3, in each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG, the first light-emitting regions RE1, GE1, and BE1 can be arranged parallel to the X-axis. Therefore, the respective optical elements RL1, GL1, and BL1 corresponding to each first light-emitting region RE1, GE1, and BE1 can also be arranged parallel to the X-axis. In Figure 3, optical elements RL1, GL1, and BL1 moved in a direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the corresponding light-emitting region (or the corresponding center line CL) can be arranged in the same column on the XY plane within a single pixel PX. Furthermore, in the second column on the XY plane of the subpixel array, second optical elements RL2, GL2, and BL2 can be arranged such that their geometric centers projected onto the XY plane along the Z direction coincide with the second light-emitting regions RE2, GE2, and BE2. Then, a third optical element RL3, GL3, and BL3 can be arranged in the third column, moved in a second direction opposite to the first direction along a line parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the corresponding light-emitting region (or the corresponding center line CL).

[0076] Referring to both Figures 4 and 5, the display device 100 according to one embodiment of this specification may include a substrate 110, a buffer film 111, a gate insulating film 112, a first interlayer insulating film 113, a lower protective film 114, an overcoat layer 115, a bank layer 116, a transistor TR, a light-emitting element ED, a sealing member 180, a second interlayer insulating film 118, a black matrix 190, a touch electrode 195, an optical element RL, and an optical element protective film 170.

[0077] In some embodiments, the substrate 110 may include an insulating material. In some embodiments, the substrate 110 may include a transparent material. For example, the substrate 110 may include glass or plastic.

[0078] A buffer film 111 may be placed on the substrate 110. The buffer film 111 may contain an insulating material. For example, the buffer film 111 may contain an inorganic insulating material such as silicon oxide (SiOx) and silicon nitride (SiNx). The buffer film 111 may have a multilayer structure. For example, the buffer film 111 may have a laminated structure of a film made of silicon nitride (SiNx) and a film made of silicon oxide (SiOx).

[0079] The buffer film 111 may be located between the substrate 110 and the drive portion of each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG. The buffer film 111 can prevent contamination of the drive portion by the substrate 110 during the drive portion formation process. For example, the upper surface of the substrate 110 facing the drive portion of each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG may be covered by the buffer film 111. The drive portions of each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG may be located on the buffer film 111.

[0080] A gate insulating film 112 may be placed on the buffer film 111. The gate insulating film 112 may contain an insulating material. For example, the gate insulating film 112 may contain inorganic insulating materials such as silicon oxide (SiO) and silicon nitride (SiN). The gate insulating film 112 may contain a material having a high dielectric constant. For example, the gate insulating film 112 may contain a high-K material such as hafnium oxide (HfO). The gate insulating film 112 may have a multilayer structure.

[0081] A first interlayer insulating film 113 may be placed on the gate insulating film 112. The first interlayer insulating film 113 may contain an insulating material. For example, the first interlayer insulating film 113 may contain an inorganic insulating material such as silicon oxide (SiO) and silicon nitride (SiN). The first interlayer insulating film 113 may extend between the gate electrode 122 and the source electrode 123 of the transistor TR, and between the gate electrode 122 and the drain electrode 124. For example, the source electrode 123 and drain electrode 124 of the transistor TR may be insulated from the gate electrode 122 by the first interlayer insulating film 113. The first interlayer insulating film 113 may cover the gate electrode 122 of the transistor TR. The source electrode 123 and drain electrode 124 of each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, BSPG may be located on the first interlayer insulating film 113. The gate insulating film 112 and the first interlayer insulating film 113 can expose the source region and drain region of each semiconductor layer 121 located within each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG.

[0082] A lower protective film 114 may be placed on the first interlayer insulating film 113. The lower protective film 114 may contain an insulating material. For example, the lower protective film 114 may contain an inorganic insulating material such as silicon oxide (SiO) and silicon nitride (SiN).

[0083] The lower protective film 114 can prevent damage to the drive portion due to external moisture and impact. The lower protective film 114 may extend along the surface of the transistor TR. The lower protective film 114 may contact the first interlayer insulating film 113 outside the drive portion located within each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG.

[0084] An overcoat layer 115 may be placed on the lower protective film 114. The overcoat layer 115 may contain an insulating material. The overcoat layer 115 may contain a different material from the lower protective film 114. For example, the overcoat layer 115 may contain an organic insulating material.

[0085] The overcoat layer 115 can eliminate the steps caused by the drive parts of each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG, and the surface of the lower protective film 114 on which the drive parts are formed may include protrusions in the areas where the respective transistors are formed. For example, the upper surface of the overcoat layer 115 facing the substrate 110 may be a flat surface.

[0086] Transistors TR may be arranged on the substrate 110. Multiple transistors TR may be formed corresponding to each of the multiple subpixels included in each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG, but is not limited to this. In some embodiments, the drain electrode of each drive transistor TR may be electrically connected to the first electrode 141 of each light-emitting element ED of each corresponding subpixel.

[0087] The transistor TR may include a semiconductor layer 121, a gate electrode 122, a source electrode 123, and a drain electrode 124.

[0088] For example, the semiconductor layer 121 may be located between the buffer film 111 and the gate insulating film 112, and the gate electrode 122 may be located between the gate insulating film 112 and the interlayer insulating film 113. The source electrode 123 and the drain electrode 124 may be located between the first interlayer insulating film 113 and the lower protective film 114. The gate electrode 122 may be superimposed on the channel region of the semiconductor layer 121. The source electrode 123 may be electrically connected to the source region of the semiconductor layer 121. The drain electrode 124 may be electrically connected to the drain region of the semiconductor layer 121.

[0089] Multiple light-emitting elements (EDs) may be arranged in each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG. For example, the light-emitting elements (EDs) may be arranged to correspond to each of the multiple subpixels included in each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG. Taking the first subpixel group RSPG as an example, multiple light-emitting elements (EDs) may be arranged to correspond to the first subpixel, second subpixel, and third subpixel included in the first subpixel group RSPG. The light-emitting elements (EDs) may be arranged on the overcoat layer 115 of the subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG. For example, the first electrode 141 of the light-emitting element (ED) may be electrically connected to the drain electrode 124 or source electrode 123 of a transistor TR through a contact hole that penetrates the lower protective film 114 and the overcoat layer 115.

[0090] The light-emitting element ED can emit light of a specific color. For example, the light-emitting element ED may include a first electrode 141, a light-emitting layer 142, and a second electrode 143 stacked in order on a substrate 110.

[0091] The first electrode 141 may include a conductive material. The first electrode 141 may include a material having high reflectivity. For example, the first electrode 141 may include metals such as aluminum (Al) and silver (Ag). The first electrode 141 may have a multilayer structure. For example, the first electrode 141 may have a structure in which a reflective electrode made of metal is positioned between transparent electrodes made of transparent conductive materials such as indium tin oxide (ITO) and / or indium zinc oxide (IZO). The first electrode 141 may be electrically connected to the drain electrode 124 of the transistor TR through a contact hole that penetrates the lower protective film 114 and the overcoat layer 115.

[0092] The light-emitting layer 142 can emit light with a brightness corresponding to the voltage difference between the first electrode 141 and the second electrode 143. For example, the light-emitting layer 142 may include an Emission Material Layer (EML) containing a light-emitting substance. The light-emitting substance may be an organic substance, an inorganic substance, or an organometallic substance.

[0093] The light-emitting layer 142 may have a multilayer structure. For example, the light-emitting layer 142 may further include at least one of the following: a hole injection layer (HIL), a hole transport layer (HTL), an electron transport layer (ETL), and an electron injection layer (EIL).

[0094] The second electrode 143 may contain a conductive material. The second electrode 143 may contain a different material from the first electrode 141. The transmittance of the second electrode 143 may be higher than that of the first electrode 141. For example, the second electrode 143 may be a transparent electrode made of a transparent conductive material such as ITO and IZO. As a result, in the display device 100 according to the embodiment of this specification, light emitted by the light-emitting layer 142 can be emitted through the second electrode 143.

[0095] The first electrodes 141 of each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG can be separated from each other. For example, referring to Figure 3, a bank layer 116 can be placed between the first electrodes 141 of multiple subpixels of the first subpixel group RSPG and multiple subpixels of the second subpixel group GSPG. Also, a bank layer 116 can be placed between multiple subpixels of the second subpixel group GSPG and multiple subpixels of the third subpixel group BSPG. Within each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG, the first electrodes 141 of the first subpixel, second subpixel, and third subpixel can be separated from each other. Therefore, within each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG, a bank layer 116 can be placed between the first electrodes 141 of the first subpixel, second subpixel, and third subpixel. In this case, the bank layer 116 can be placed so as to cover both ends of the separated first electrodes 141. In this case, the bank layer 116 can include an insulating material. For example, the bank layer 116 may contain an organic insulating material. Thus, the first electrodes 141, which are separated from each other, can be insulated from each other by the bank layer 116. The bank layer 116 may, but is not limited to, contain a different material from the overcoat layer 115.

[0096] In each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG, the bank layer 116 can separate the first light-emitting regions RE1, GE1, BE1, the second light-emitting regions RE2, GE2, BE2, and the third light-emitting regions RE3, GE3, BE3 of each light-emitting element ED. Taking the first subpixel group RSPG as an example, the first subpixel group RSPG includes multiple subpixels, and a first electrode 141 may be arranged in each of the multiple subpixels spaced apart from each other. In this case, the bank layer 116 may be arranged to cover the ends of the first electrode 141 arranged in each subpixel. Thus, a portion of the upper surface of the first electrode 141 located between the two ends in each subpixel may be exposed to the bank layer 116 by deposition. In this way, the exposed upper surfaces of each first electrode 141 in each subpixel can be defined as the first light-emitting region RE1, the second light-emitting region RE2, and the third light-emitting region RE3.

[0097] The light-emitting layer 142 and second electrode 143 of the light-emitting element ED located in each of the multiple subpixels can be stacked on a portion of the corresponding first electrode 141 exposed by an opening in the bank layer 116. Taking the first subpixel group RSPG as an example, the light-emitting layer 142 and second electrode 143 can be stacked on the first light-emitting region RE1, the second light-emitting region RE2, the third light-emitting region RE3, and the bank layer 116, which are exposed by the bank layer 116.

[0098] A sealing member 180 may be located on the light-emitting element ED of each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG. The sealing member 180 can prevent damage to the light-emitting element ED from external moisture and impact. The sealing member 180 may have a multilayer structure. For example, the sealing member 180 may include, but is not limited to, a first sealing layer 181, a second sealing layer 182, and a third sealing layer 183 stacked in order.

[0099] The first sealing layer 181, the second sealing layer 182, and the third sealing layer 183 may contain insulating materials. The second sealing layer 182 may contain a different material from the first sealing layer 181 and the third sealing layer 183. For example, the first sealing layer 181 and the third sealing layer 183 may be inorganic sealing layers containing an inorganic insulating material, and the second sealing layer 182 may be an organic sealing layer containing an organic insulating material. This allows the light-emitting element ED of the display device 100 to be more effectively protected from damage caused by external moisture and impact.

[0100] A touch buffer layer 117 may be placed on the sealing member 180. The touch buffer layer 117 may be placed between the sealing member 180 and the touch bridge electrode 130 and configured to insulate the touch bridge electrode 130. For example, the touch buffer layer 117 may include an insulating material. For example, the touch buffer layer 117 may consist of an organic insulating material or an inorganic insulating material, but is not limited thereto.

[0101] A touch bridge electrode 130 may be placed on the touch buffer layer 117. The touch bridge electrode 130 can electrically connect the touch electrode 195 on the second interlayer insulating film 118. For example, the touch bridge electrode 130 may, but is not limited to, a metallic material such as titanium (Ti), aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), or magnesium-silver alloy (Mg:Ag).

[0102] A second interlayer insulating film 118 may be placed on the touch bridge electrode 130. The second interlayer insulating film 118 may be placed between the touch bridge electrode 130 and the black matrix 190 and configured to insulate the touch bridge electrode 130. The second interlayer insulating film 118 may include an insulating material. For example, the second interlayer insulating film 118 may include, but is not limited to, an organic insulating material or an inorganic insulating material.

[0103] A black matrix 190 may be placed on the second interlayer insulating film 118. The black matrix 190 may be placed between multiple subpixel groups RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG to reduce color mixing between multiple subpixel groups RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG. Furthermore, the black matrix 190 may be placed within each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG to reduce color mixing between multiple subpixels. Therefore, the black matrix 190 may be placed so as to overlap with the bank layer 116.

[0104] A third interlayer insulating film 119 may be placed on the black matrix 190. The third interlayer insulating film 119 may contain an insulating material. For example, the third interlayer insulating film 119 may contain, but is not limited to, an organic insulating material or an inorganic insulating material.

[0105] Multiple touch electrodes 195 may be located on the third interlayer insulating film 119. The multiple touch electrodes 195 may be positioned above the light-emitting element ED in the display area. The multiple touch electrodes 195 may be arranged on the third interlayer insulating film 119 so as to be spaced apart from each other.

[0106] Multiple touch electrodes 195 may be configured to sense external touch input using a user's finger or a stylus. The touch electrodes TE may include, but are not limited to, metallic materials such as titanium (Ti), aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), and magnesium-silver alloy (Mg:Ag).

[0107] Multiple touch electrodes 195 can be arranged to overlap with the bank layer 116 and the black matrix 190. Furthermore, if the multiple touch electrodes 195 include an opaque metallic material, they can also function as a barrier layer that restricts the path of light generated by the light-emitting element ED1. For example, the multiple touch electrodes 195 can block light traveling laterally from the light-emitting regions RE, GE, and BE. That is, together with the optical element RL, the multiple touch electrodes 195 can block light traveling laterally from the light-emitting groups RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG, but are not limited to this.

[0108] Optical elements RL, GL, and BL are arranged on the third interlayer insulating film 119.

[0109] The optical members RL, GL, and BL may be arranged on the same layer as the multiple touch electrodes 195 on the third interlayer insulating film 119. For example, the optical members RL, GL, and BL may be arranged to cover the edges of the multiple touch electrodes 195. Thus, the ends of the optical members RL, GL, and BL may be positioned on the multiple touch electrodes 195.

[0110] Each optical element RL, GL, and BL can be positioned to correspond to their respective light-emitting regions RE, GE, and BE. Referring to Figure 5, the first subpixel group RSPG is used as an example. The first optical element RL1 is positioned on the first light-emitting region RE1, the second optical element RL2 is positioned on the second light-emitting region RE2, and the third optical element RL3 is positioned on the third light-emitting region RE3. In this case, the first optical element RL1 is positioned to include the first light-emitting region RE1 when projected onto the XY plane and is moved in a first direction parallel to the Y axis. The second optical element RL2 is positioned to include the second light-emitting region RE2 when projected onto the XY plane, and the geometric center of the second optical element RL2 projected onto the XY plane parallel to the Z axis coincides with the geometric center of the identically projected second light-emitting region RE2. Then, the third optical element RL3 is positioned to include the third light-emitting region RE3 when projected onto the XY plane, and is moved in a second direction opposite to the first direction along a line parallel to the Y axis with respect to the third light-emitting region RE3.

[0111] Thus, when each optical element RL, GL, and BL is projected onto the XY plane parallel to the Z axis, they are arranged to include their respective light-emitting regions RE, GE, and BE, allowing the light emitted by each of these regions to be emitted through their respective optical elements RL, GL, and BL.

[0112] The optical members RL, GL, and BL have shapes that do not restrict light from traveling in at least one direction. The planar shapes (shapes projected onto the XY plane) of the optical members RL, GL, and BL may be rectangles with a major axis parallel to the X-axis. For example, the planar shapes of the optical members RL, GL, and BL may have a bar shape with a major axis parallel to the X-axis. Therefore, the rectangular planar shapes of each optical member RL, GL, and BL can include a major side parallel to the X-axis and a minor side parallel to the Y-axis.

[0113] In such cases, the direction of propagation of the light emitted from the light-emitting regions RE, GE, and BE of each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG is perpendicular to the light-emitting layer and does not need to be limited to a direction parallel to the Z axis. For example, content provided by light emitted through optical elements RL, GL, and BL can be provided with a wide viewing angle in which the direction of light propagation encompasses both the X and Z axes in a Cartesian coordinate system.

[0114] In contrast, the width of the optical elements RL, GL, and BL measured in the direction parallel to the Y axis may be smaller than the width measured in the direction parallel to the X axis. Thus, the light emitted from the light-emitting regions RE, GE, and BE of each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG may be restricted from traveling in the direction having the Y component vector. For example, the content provided by the light emitted through the optical elements RL, GL, and BL may be restricted to an even smaller viewing angle when the light has Y and Z component vectors than when the light has X and Z component vectors.

[0115] At least a portion of the upper surface of the cross-sectional shape obtained by cutting the optical members RL, GL, and BL in the first direction X may be flat. Also, both sides of the optical members RL, GL, and BL may be curved or straight. For example, referring to Figure 4, the cross-sectional shape of the first optical member RL1 with respect to its long side may be a curve that connects the upper flat surface and both ends of the flat surface toward the third interlayer insulating film 119. Alternatively, for example, the cross-sectional shape of the first optical member RL1 with respect to its long side may be a straight line that connects the upper flat surface and both ends of the flat surface perpendicularly toward the third interlayer insulating film 119.

[0116] Furthermore, referring to Figure 5 as an example, the cross-sectional shapes based on the short sides of the first optical member RL1, the second optical member RL2, and the third optical member RL3 may be curves only. Another example is that the cross-sectional shapes based on the short sides of the first optical member RL1, the second optical member RL2, and the third optical member RL3 may be semicircular. Yet another example is that the cross-sectional shapes defined based on the short sides of the first optical member RL1, the second optical member RL2, and the third optical member RL3 may include both curves and straight lines, thereby allowing at least a portion of the upper surface of the cross-sectional shapes formed by cutting the first, second, and third optical members RL1, RL2, and RL3 in the first direction X to be flat.

[0117] The optical elements RL, GL, and BL may be larger than the light-emitting regions RE, GE, and BE of the corresponding subpixel groups RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG. This can improve the efficiency of the light emitted from the light-emitting regions RE, GE, and BE of each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG.

[0118] Although not shown in the drawings, an organic or inorganic insulating layer may be further placed between the multiple touch electrodes 195 and the optical member RL, but is not limited to this.

[0119] An optical component protective film 170 may be located on the optical component RL. The optical component protective film 170 may contain an insulating material. For example, the optical component protective film 170 may contain an organic insulating material. The refractive index of the optical component protective film 170 may be smaller than that of the optical component RL. This prevents light that has passed through the optical component RL from being reflected towards the substrate 110 due to the difference in refractive index with the optical component protective film 170. On the other hand, when a display device is placed on at least a part of the vehicle's dashboard to provide content to users, for example, the driver and passengers, the display device may be located generally below the user's line of sight. And, for example, a structure such as a windshield may be placed above the display device. In this way, content emitted from the display device may be reflected by the structure located above the display device. When the image emitted from the display device is reflected by an external structure, both the image emitted from the display device and the reflected image are visible to the user, which can reduce the visibility of the image and interfere with the driver's driving.

[0120] Therefore, in the display device 100 according to one embodiment of this specification, the light-emitting regions RE, GE, BE and optical members RL, GL, BL each have a rectangular shape with a major axis parallel to the X axis and a minor axis parallel to the Y axis. When the screen of the vehicle display device is used as a reference, the Y axis may be vertical, the X axis may be horizontal, and the Z axis may extend outward perpendicular to the flat screen. In this case, the field of view angle that changes when the user moves perpendicular to the screen may have an even smaller operating range than the field of view angle that changes when the observer moves horizontally to the screen. In this case, the operating range means the range in which the screen image can be recognized. Thus, the display device 100 according to one embodiment that utilizes light-emitting regions and optical members having a substantially rectangular projection shape in the XY plane can prevent the image from being reflected by the superstructure by limiting the field of view with respect to the direction of light propagation which has Y-axis and Z-axis component vectors. Therefore, the visibility of the display device 100 used in a vehicle cockpit can be improved.

[0121] When a display device is repeatedly operated, a certain amount of heat may be generated in the light-emitting elements of the display device. When heat is continuously generated in the light-emitting elements in this way, degradation may occur in some of the elements. As the light-emitting elements degrade, the light-emitting area of ​​the degraded elements may shrink. However, degradation does not occur in all light-emitting elements. For example, some light-emitting elements may degrade and their light-emitting area may shrink, while others may not degrade and their light-emitting area may not shrink. If the degree of degradation differs from one light-emitting element to another, the degree of reduction in the light-emitting area may also differ from one element to another, which can lead to differences in brightness between the light-emitting areas.

[0122] Therefore, the display device 100 according to one embodiment of this specification includes light-emitting regions RE, GE, and BE, respectively, arranged in each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG, and a plurality of optical members RL, GL, and BL, arranged in correspondence with them. Furthermore, in each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG, the first optical members RL1, GL1, and BL1 are shifted in a first direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to their corresponding light-emitting regions, the second optical members RL2, GL2, and BL2 are maintained so that their geometric centers coincide with the geometric centers of the second light-emitting regions RE2, GE2, and BE2 along a line parallel to the Z-axis, and the third optical members RL3, GL3, and BL3 are shifted in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis and opposite to the first direction with respect to their corresponding light-emitting regions.

[0123] Thus, by arranging the optical elements RL, GL, and BL at different positions around the light-emitting regions RE, GE, and BE, the relative positions of the light-emitting regions RE, GE, and BE that ultimately remain after degradation can change.

[0124] Taking the first subpixel group RSPG as an example, in the second light-emitting region RE2 whose center coincides with the second optical element RL2, even if the second light-emitting region RE2 is degraded and reduced in size, the center of the reduced second light-emitting region RE2 can still be positioned to coincide with the center of the second optical element RL2.

[0125] Furthermore, since the first optical element RL1 is shifted in a first direction along the Y-axis with respect to the geometric center of the first light-emitting region RE1, the first light-emitting region RE1 can be positioned biased in a second direction along the Y-axis with respect to the center of the first optical element RL1. Therefore, even if the first light-emitting region RE1 is degraded and reduced in size, the relative positional movement between the light-emitting region and the optical element can be maintained. In this way, the first light-emitting region RE1, positioned biased in a second direction along the Y-axis, can compensate for a portion of the second light-emitting region RE2 that has been reduced in size due to degradation.

[0126] Next, since the third optical element RL3 is shifted in the second direction along the Y-axis with respect to the geometric center of the third light-emitting region RE3, the third light-emitting region RE3 can be positioned biased in the first direction along the Y-axis with respect to the center of the third optical element RL3. Therefore, even if the third light-emitting region RE3 is degraded and reduced in size, the third light-emitting region RE3 can still be positioned biased in the first direction along the Y-axis with respect to the center of the third optical element RL3. In this way, the third light-emitting region RE3, positioned biased in the first direction along the Y-axis, can compensate for a portion of the area of ​​the second light-emitting region RE2 that has been reduced due to degradation.

[0127] Thus, in the display device 100 according to one embodiment of this specification, even if the light-emitting regions RE, GE, and BE are degraded and reduced in size, a portion of the degraded region can be mutually complemented. Therefore, in the display device 100 according to one embodiment of this specification, even if the light-emitting region is degraded and reduced in size, the brightness difference with the undegraded light-emitting region can be reduced.

[0128] Therefore, the display device 100 according to one embodiment of this specification can prevent the visibility of patchy patterns due to the brightness difference between the undegraded light-emitting regions RE, GE, BE and the degraded light-emitting regions RE, GE, BE. The relative positional difference between subpixels with respect to the light-emitting region can also be advantageous in blurring unwanted patterns. Accordingly, the display device 100 according to one embodiment of this specification can provide higher quality images at a variety of viewing angles regardless of the degree of degradation.

[0129] Figure 6a is a graph showing the luminance difference (%) between a degraded sample and a non-degraded sample with respect to the viewing angle in a comparative example of this specification. Figure 6b is a graph showing the luminance difference (%) between a degraded sample and a non-degraded sample with respect to the viewing angle in a display device according to one embodiment of this specification. In both graphs, the luminance difference between the degraded sample and the non-degraded sample was corrected to 0 when the viewing angle is 0° (viewing direction perpendicular to the display screen).

[0130] Specifically, Figures 6a and 6b show the measurement and comparison of the luminance of the undegraded light-emitting region and the luminance of the degraded light-emitting region for the comparative example and other embodiments of this specification. At this time, front compensation was performed to correct the luminance difference between the undegraded and degraded light-emitting regions to zero in the front direction, i.e., the direction with a viewing angle of 0°. Subsequently, the rate of change of the luminance value in the degraded light-emitting region was converted to a percentage and shown based on the luminance value in the undegraded light-emitting region. In this case, the degraded light-emitting region is the light-emitting region formed when the light-emitting element was driven at a temperature of 65°C and a brightness of 800 nits for 1500 hours.

[0131] Figure 6a is a graph showing the experimental results of the comparative example described herein. In this case, the comparative example refers to a display device in which the geometric centers of all optical elements are aligned with the geometric center of the light-emitting region along a line parallel to the Z-axis and are not shifted. Specifically, in this specification, the comparative example refers to a display device in which the arrangement of subpixel groups, light-emitting regions, and optical elements is the same as that of the display device 100 in Figures 1 to 5a, but the optical elements are not shifted. At the front, where the viewing angle is 0°, frontal compensation was performed during the experimental process, so there is no change in brightness between the light-emitting region before and after degradation. In contrast, at the upper viewing angle, it was confirmed that there is a difference of up to approximately 15.8% in brightness between before and after degradation. Furthermore, at the lower viewing angle, it was confirmed that there is a difference of up to approximately 22.3% in brightness between before and after degradation. Thus, even with frontal compensation, it was confirmed that a difference in brightness between the light-emitting region before and after degradation occurs at the peripheral viewing angle.

[0132] Figure 6b is a graph showing the experimental results of one embodiment of this specification. According to this embodiment, when the position of the optical element in the subpixel groups RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG is moved relative to the light-emitting region, or not moved, it was confirmed that at the upper viewing angle, there was a maximum difference of approximately 14.1% in brightness before and after degradation. Thus, compared with the comparative example in Figure 6a, the display device 100 according to this embodiment showed a reduced brightness difference between the light-emitting region before and after degradation at the upper viewing angle. Furthermore, at the lower viewing angle, it was confirmed that there was a maximum difference of approximately 19.3% in brightness before and after degradation. Thus, compared with the comparative example in Figure 6a, the display device 100 according to this embodiment showed a reduced brightness difference between the light-emitting region before and after degradation at the lower viewing angle.

[0133] Therefore, the display device 100 according to one embodiment of this specification showed a reduction in the brightness difference between the light-emitting region before and after degradation in the peripheral viewing angle compared to the comparative example.

[0134] Figure 7 is an enlarged plan view of pixels included in a display device according to another embodiment of this specification.

[0135] The display device in Figure 7 differs from the display devices 100 in Figures 1 to 5 only in the relative positions of the optical elements RL, GL, BL and the light-emitting regions RE, GE, BE on the plane. Therefore, redundant explanations of the specific structure of the subpixels and the overall configuration of the display device are omitted.

[0136] Referring to Figure 7, within a single pixel PX, each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG can be arranged parallel to the X-axis. For example, the first subpixel group RSPG, the second subpixel group GSPG, and the third subpixel group BSPG can be arranged sequentially parallel to the X-axis, but are not limited to this arrangement. Within a single pixel PX, the arrangement order of the first subpixel group RSPG, the second subpixel group GSPG, and the third subpixel group BSPG can be changed as needed.

[0137] In each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG, at least a portion of each optical element RL, GL, and BL is positioned shifted in one or the other direction relative to the corresponding light-emitting regions RE, GE, and BE along a line parallel to the Y-axis. Each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG includes first optical elements RL1, GL1, and BL1 that are shifted in a first direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the corresponding light-emitting regions RE1, GE1, and BE1 (or the corresponding center line CL). Each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG also includes second optical elements RL2, GL2, and BL2 that, when projected onto the XY plane in the Z-axis direction, have their geometric centers aligned with the geometric centers of the respective second light-emitting regions RE2, GE2, and BE2. Furthermore, each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG includes third optical elements RL3, GL3, and BL3 that are shifted in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the corresponding light-emitting regions RE3, GE3, and BE3 (or the corresponding center line CL).

[0138] In a display device according to other embodiments of this specification, in the first subpixel group RSPG, the first light-emitting region RE1, the second light-emitting region RE2, and the third light-emitting region RE3 may be sequentially arranged in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis. Thus, in the first subpixel group RSPG, the first optical member RL1, the second optical member RL2, and the third optical member RL3 may be sequentially arranged in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis.

[0139] Furthermore, in the second subpixel group GSPG, the third light-emitting region GE3, the first light-emitting region GE1, and the second light-emitting region GE2 may be sequentially arranged in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis. Thus, in the second subpixel group GSPG, the third optical element GL3, the first optical element GL1, and the second optical element GL2 may be sequentially arranged in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis.

[0140] In the third subpixel group BSPG, the second light-emitting region BE2, the third light-emitting region BE3, and the first light-emitting region BE1 may be arranged sequentially in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis.

[0141] Referring to Figure 7, the relative positions of the optical elements RL, GL, BL and light-emitting regions RE, GE, BE, which are arranged in the same column parallel to the X-axis in a single pixel PX, can all be different. For example, referring to Figure 7, in a single pixel PX, one column may contain the first optical element RL1 of the first subpixel group RSPG, which is shifted in a first direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the first light-emitting region RE1 (or its corresponding center line CL); the third optical element GL3 of the second subpixel group GSPG, which is shifted in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the third light-emitting region GE3; and the second optical element BL2 of the third subpixel group BSPG, which is not shifted parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the second light-emitting region BE2, all arranged in the first column parallel to the X-axis. Furthermore, in the two columns arranged parallel to the X-axis, the second optical member RL2 of the first subpixel group RSPG, which is not shifted parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the second light-emitting region RE2 (or its corresponding center line CL), the first optical member GL1 of the second subpixel group GSPG, which is shifted in a first direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the first light-emitting region GE1 (or its corresponding center line CL), and the third optical member BL3 of the third subpixel group BSPG, which is shifted in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the third light-emitting region BE3 (or its corresponding center line CL) may be arranged. Furthermore, in the three columns arranged parallel to the X-axis, a third optical member RL3 may be positioned, which is shifted in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the third light-emitting region RE3 (or its corresponding center line CL); a second optical member GL2 of the second subpixel group GSPG, which is not shifted in any direction, including parallel to the Y-axis, with respect to the second light-emitting region GE2; and a first optical member BL1 of the third subpixel group BSPG, which is shifted in a first direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the first light-emitting region BE1 (or its corresponding center line CL).

[0142] In other embodiments, each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG includes multiple optical elements RL, GL, and BL that are shifted in different directions relative to their respective light-emitting regions RE, GE, and BE, thereby changing the relative positions of the light-emitting regions RE, GE, and BE that remain after degradation. Therefore, even if the light-emitting regions RE, GE, and BE are degraded and reduced in size, a portion of the degraded area can be mutually complemented. Accordingly, in other embodiments of this specification, even if the light-emitting region is degraded and reduced in size, the brightness difference between the degraded and undegraded light-emitting regions can be further reduced in the display device.

[0143] This makes it possible to better prevent the visibility of patchy patterns due to the brightness difference between the undegraded and degraded light-emitting regions RE, GE, BE in the display devices according to other embodiments of this specification. Therefore, when the geometric centers of all optical elements are projected in the Z-axis direction onto the XY-axis plane, the display devices according to other embodiments of this specification can provide higher quality images at a wide range of viewing angles, regardless of the degree of degradation, compared to a comparative example with center-aligned geometric centers of all light-emitting regions.

[0144] Figure 8 is an enlarged plan view of pixels included in a display device according to another embodiment of this specification.

[0145] The display device in Figure 8 differs from the display device 100 in Figures 1 to 5 only in the position of the subpixel groups RSPG, GSPG, BSPG, optical elements RL, GL, BL, and light-emitting regions RE, GE, BE on the plane. Therefore, redundant explanations of the specific structure of the subpixels and the overall configuration of the display device are omitted.

[0146] In each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG, at least a portion of each optical element RL, GL, and BL is shifted in a first direction parallel to the Y-axis or a second direction parallel to the Y-axis but opposite, with respect to the corresponding light-emitting regions RE, GE, and BE. Each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG includes first optical elements RL1, GL1, and BL1 that are shifted in a first direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the first light-emitting regions RE1, GE1, and BE1 (or their corresponding center line CL). Furthermore, each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG includes second optical elements RL2, GL2, and BL2 that, when projected onto the XY plane in the Z-axis direction, are positioned such that their geometric centers are center-aligned with the geometric centers of their respective second light-emitting regions RE2, GE2, and BE2. Furthermore, each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG includes a third optical element RL3, GL3, and BL3 that is shifted in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the third light-emitting region RE3, GE3, and BE3 (or the corresponding center line CL).

[0147] In a display device according to another embodiment of this specification, a single pixel PX may include a single first subpixel group RSPG, a plurality of second subpixel groups GSPG, and a plurality of third subpixel groups BSPG.

[0148] In another embodiment of this specification, the subpixels included in the first subpixel group RSPG may be arranged along a line parallel to the X-axis. Therefore, the multiple light-emitting regions RE and multiple optical members RL included in the first subpixel group RSPG may also be arranged along a line parallel to the X-axis. For example, referring to Figure 8, in the first subpixel group RSPG, the third optical member RL3, which is shifted in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the third light-emitting region RE3 (or its corresponding center line CL), the second optical member RL2, which is not shifted in the Y-axis direction with respect to the second light-emitting region RE2, and the first optical member RL1, which is shifted in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the first light-emitting region RE1 (or its corresponding center line CL), may be sequentially arranged along a line parallel to the X-axis.

[0149] Multiple subpixels included in the second subpixel group GSPG can be arranged parallel to the Y-axis. Thus, multiple optical elements GL and multiple light-emitting regions GE of the second subpixel group GSPG can be arranged parallel to the Y-axis. For example, referring to the leftmost column of Figure 8, in the first of the three second subpixel groups GSPG shown, the first optical element GL1 is shifted in a first direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the first light-emitting region GE1 (or its corresponding center line CL), the second optical element GL2 is not shifted in the Y-axis direction with respect to the second light-emitting region GE2, and the third optical element GL3 is shifted in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the third light-emitting region GE3 (or its corresponding center line CL), and they can be arranged sequentially in the second direction parallel to the Y-axis.

[0150] Furthermore, each of the multiple second subpixel groups GSPG can be positioned to correspond to each of the multiple subpixels included in the first subpixel group RSPG, based on their position in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis.

[0151] Multiple subpixels included in the third subpixel group BSPG may be arranged parallel to the Y-axis. Thus, multiple optical members BL and multiple light-emitting regions BE of the third subpixel group BSPG may be arranged parallel to the Y-axis. For example, referring to the second column from the left in Figure 8, the third subpixel group BSPG may be arranged sequentially in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis, with the first optical member BL1 shifted in a first direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the first light-emitting region BE1 (or its corresponding center line CL), the second optical member BL2 not shifted in a direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the second light-emitting region BE2, and the third optical member BL3 shifted in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the third light-emitting region BE3 (or its corresponding center line CL).

[0152] Furthermore, each of the multiple third subpixel groups BSPG may be arranged to correspond to each of the multiple subpixels included in the first subpixel group RSPG in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis.

[0153] Furthermore, multiple second subpixel groups GSPG and multiple third subpixel groups BSPG can be arranged alternately with respect to each other. For example, referring to Figure 8, the second subpixel groups GSPG and third subpixel groups BSPG can be arranged alternately parallel to the X-axis.

[0154] Optical elements GL and BL, shifted in the same direction relative to the light-emitting regions GE and BE in the Y-axis direction, can be arranged in the same column within the second subpixel group GSPG and the third subpixel group BSPG, as shown in three columns at the bottom of Figure 8. For example, referring to Figure 8, in one column of the second subpixel group GSPG and the third subpixel group BSPG (below the one column of the first subpixel group RSPG), first optical elements GL1 and BL1 may be arranged, shifted in a first direction parallel to the Y-axis relative to the first light-emitting regions GE1 and BE1 (or their corresponding centerlines CL). Then, in two columns below the first subpixel group RSPG, second optical elements GL2 and BL2, which are not shifted in the Y-axis direction relative to the light-emitting regions GE2 and BE2, may be arranged. Furthermore, in three columns below the first subpixel group RSPG, third optical elements GL3 and BL3 may be arranged, shifted in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis relative to the light-emitting regions GE3 and BE3 (or their corresponding centerlines).

[0155] Thus, in other embodiments of this specification, the display device includes multiple optical elements RL, GL, and BL in which each subpixel group RSPG, GSPG, and BSPG is shifted in different directions from one another, thereby changing the relative positions of the light-emitting regions RE, GE, and BE that remain after degradation. Therefore, even if the light-emitting regions RE, GE, and BE are degraded and reduced in size, a portion of the degraded region can be complemented by each other. Consequently, in other embodiments of this specification, even if the light-emitting region is degraded and its brightness decreases, the brightness difference between the degraded and undegraded light-emitting regions can be reduced more than in conventional display device designs.

[0156] This makes it possible to better prevent the visibility of patchy patterns in display devices according to other embodiments of this specification due to the difference in brightness between the undegraded light-emitting regions RE, GE, BE and the degraded light-emitting regions RE, GE, BE. Therefore, display devices according to other embodiments of this specification can provide higher quality images at a wide range of viewing angles, regardless of the degree of degradation.

[0157] Figure 9 is an enlarged plan view of pixels included in a display device according to another embodiment of this specification.

[0158] The display device in Figure 9 differs from the display device in Figure 8 only in the arrangement of the subpixel groups RSPG, GSPG, BSPG, optical elements RL, GL, BL, and light-emitting regions RE, GE, BE on the plane. Therefore, redundant explanations of the specific configuration of the subpixels and the overall configuration of the display device are omitted.

[0159] In a display device according to another embodiment of this specification, a plurality of subpixels included in the first subpixel group RSPG may be arranged parallel to the X-axis. Therefore, a plurality of light-emitting regions RE and a plurality of optical members RL included in the first subpixel group RSPG may also be arranged parallel to the X-axis. For example, referring to Figures 8 and 9, in the first subpixel group RSPG, a third optical member RL3 shifted in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the third light-emitting region RE3 (or its corresponding center line CL), a second optical member RL2 not shifted in a direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the second light-emitting region RE2, and a first optical member RL1 shifted in a first direction parallel to the Y-axis with respect to the first light-emitting region RE1 (or its corresponding center line CL) may be sequentially arranged in the first direction X.

[0160] Multiple subpixels included in the second subpixel group GSPG may be arranged in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis. Therefore, multiple optical elements GL and multiple light-emitting regions GE of the second subpixel group GSPG may be arranged in a second direction parallel to the Y-axis.

[0161] Furthermore, each of the multiple second subpixel groups GSPG can be arranged so as to correspond to each of the multiple subpixels included in the first subpixel group RSPG in a direction parallel to the Y-axis.

[0162] In this case, multiple second subpixel groups GSPG correspond to multiple optical elements RL of the first subpixel group RSPG, and the multiple optical elements GL contained within them can be arranged differently from one another.

[0163] Referring to Figure 9, in a single pixel PX, the first optical element GL1, the second optical element GL2, and the third optical element GL3, which are moved or not moved in different directions from one another, each exhibit three movement states with respect to the light-emitting region GE and can be arranged in the same column or row within multiple second subpixel groups GSPG. Figure 9 shows that for all second subpixel groups GSPG and third subpixel groups BSPG, all three movement states can be represented in each row and column of each 3x3 array arranged in the XY plane. Two 3x3 arrays can be combined into a 3x6 array consisting of alternately arranged second subpixel groups GSPG and third subpixel groups BSPG.

[0164] According to the embodiments described herein, by limiting the vertical viewing angle, it is possible to prevent the image from being reflected by a structure located above the display device and thus being visually perceived.

[0165] Furthermore, according to the embodiments of this specification, when comparing a degraded device with an undegraded device, the difference in brightness between the degraded and undegraded light-emitting regions, which varies with the viewing angle, can be reduced.

[0166] Furthermore, according to the embodiments described herein, it is possible to provide images with improved image quality at various viewing angles, regardless of the degree of degradation.

[0167] While some embodiments and examples have been described in this specification, it is obvious that other embodiments and variations can be derived from such descriptions. Therefore, the ideas of this specification are not limited to the embodiments described, but are broader than the scope of the appended claims, including a variety of variations and equivalent configurations that are obvious to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. substrate, A plurality of pixels, each of which emits red, green, or blue light, wherein each of the plurality of subpixels is A light-emitting element, including a first electrode, a light-emitting layer, and a second electrode, which are sequentially arranged on the substrate, A touch buffer film is placed on the second electrode. A touch electrode placed on the touch buffer film, and Optical member whose peripheral portion is placed on the touch electrode Multiple pixels, including, A bank layer that includes an aperture corresponding to each of the plurality of subpixels and defines each light-emitting region of the light-emitting element. Includes, The plurality of subpixels are grouped into a plurality of subpixel groups, each of the plurality of subpixel groups includes three subpixels that emit light of the same color when electrically driven, and the three subpixels included in each of the plurality of subpixel groups are arranged adjacent to each other within the subpixel group to which they belong. The plurality of subpixel groups are arranged in a two-dimensional array consisting of the X and Y axes, and the plurality of subpixel groups corresponding to red, green, and blue are arranged in substantially mixed positions within the two-dimensional array, and the X and Y axes, as well as the Z axis, are perpendicular to each other. The light emission region of each of the plurality of subpixels, which is defined as the region through which the emitted light passes after passing through the optical member and is projected onto the X-Y plane, is larger than the light emission region of the light-emitting element corresponding to each of the plurality of subpixels, and substantially smaller than the projected region which is the shape obtained by projecting the optical member along the Z-axis direction onto the X-Y plane. For each of the plurality of subpixel groups, the first subpixel has a subpixel light-emitting region that is centrally aligned along the Z-axis with the optical member corresponding to the first subpixel, the geometric center of the subpixel light-emitting region coincides with the geometric center of the shape obtained by projecting the optical member in the Z-axis direction onto the X-Y plane, the second subpixel has a subpixel light-emitting region that is moved in a first direction along the Y-axis compared to the first subpixel, and the third subpixel has a subpixel light-emitting region that is moved in a second direction which is the opposite direction to the first direction compared to the first subpixel. A display device characterized in that each of the sub-pixel light-emitting regions is completely contained within a projection region which has the shape obtained by projecting the optical member along the Z-axis direction onto the X-Y plane.

2. The display device according to claim 1, further comprising one or more additional touch electrodes disposed on the touch buffer film.

3. The display device according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of touch electrodes are arranged on the peripheral portion of the touch buffer film and are in contact with the peripheral portion of the optical member.

4. The display device according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of pixels includes a first subpixel group that emits red light, a second subpixel group that emits green light, and a third subpixel group that emits blue light.

5. Each of the sub-pixel light-emitting regions is substantially rectangular, and the shape obtained by projecting the shape of the optical member onto the X-Y plane is also substantially rectangular. The aforementioned plurality of subpixels are arranged so that their major axes are adjacent to each other within the subpixel group containing them. The aforementioned subpixel groups are arranged such that the short axis directions of the subpixels contained within them are adjacent to the short axis directions of adjacent subpixel groups. The display device according to claim 4, wherein for each of the plurality of pixels, the plurality of subpixel light-emitting regions are arranged in a two-dimensional array of 3 × 3 subpixels on the X-Y plane.

6. The display device according to claim 5, wherein for each subpixel row, including the first subpixel, second subpixel, and third subpixel of each of the plurality of pixels, each of the first subpixel, second subpixel, and third subpixel includes a subpixel light-emitting region that is moved by the same distance in the Y-axis direction compared to a subpixel that is centrally aligned with the optical member along the Z-axis.

7. The display device according to claim 5, wherein for each subpixel row, including the first subpixel, second subpixel, and third subpixel of each of the plurality of pixels, each of the first subpixel, second subpixel, and third subpixel includes a subpixel light-emitting region that is moved a different distance in the Y-axis direction compared to a subpixel that is centrally aligned with the optical member along the Z-axis.

8. Each of the aforementioned plurality of pixels includes one first subpixel group, three second subpixel groups, and three third subpixel groups. Each of the aforementioned subpixel light-emitting regions is substantially rectangular. The shape obtained by projecting the shape of each of the multiple optical elements onto the X-Y plane is substantially rectangular. The plurality of subpixels are arranged such that their major axes are adjacent to each other within the second subpixel group or the third subpixel group, and within the first subpixel group they are arranged such that their minor axes are adjacent to each other. The plurality of subpixels are arranged such that, at the boundary where the second subpixel group and the third subpixel group abut each other, the short axis directions of each subpixel are adjacent to each other, but at the boundary where the first subpixel group abuts the second subpixel group or the third subpixel group, the long axis directions of the subpixels are adjacent to each other. The display device according to claim 4, characterized in that each of the plurality of pixels is arranged on the X-Y plane to include seven sub-pixel groups.

9. The display device according to claim 8, wherein the first subpixel group emits red light, the second subpixel group emits green light, and the third subpixel group emits blue light.

10. The second subpixel group and the third subpixel group are arranged alternately along the major axis of the first subpixel group in the X-Y plane. The display device according to claim 8, wherein for each row of six second or third subpixel groups arranged so that the short axis directions of the subpixels are adjacent to each other, the subpixel group includes a subpixel light-emitting region that is moved by the same distance in the Y-axis direction as a subpixel that is centrally aligned with the optical member along the Z-axis.

11. The display device according to claim 10, wherein the first subpixel group emits red light, the second subpixel group emits green light, and the third subpixel group emits blue light.

12. The second subpixel group and the third subpixel group are arranged alternately along the major axis of the first subpixel group in the X-Y plane. The display device according to claim 8, wherein for each row of six second or third subpixel groups arranged so that the short axis directions of the subpixels are adjacent to each other, the subpixel group is arranged in the same number of subpixel light-emitting regions that are moved in the Y-axis direction by a distance of 0 compared to a subpixel that is centrally aligned with the optical member along the Z-axis, subpixel light-emitting regions that are moved in a first direction along the Y-axis, and subpixel light-emitting regions that are moved in a second direction along the Y-axis.

13. The display device according to claim 12, wherein the first subpixel group emits red light, the second subpixel group emits green light, and the third subpixel group emits blue light.

14. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the substrate, the light-emitting element, the light-emitting layer, the second electrode, and the touch buffer film are arranged continuously over the entire area of ​​the display device.

15. A buffer film is placed on the substrate, a transistor layer is placed on the buffer film, an overcoating layer is placed on the transistor layer, and a first electrode is placed on the overcoating layer. The transistor layer includes a gate insulating film disposed on the buffer film, a first interlayer insulating film disposed on the gate insulating film, and a lower protective film disposed on the first interlayer insulating film. In each subpixel region, the transistors are arranged corresponding to each of the first electrodes. The aforementioned transistor is A semiconductor layer disposed on the buffer film, A gate insulating film disposed on the semiconductor layer, A gate electrode disposed on the gate insulating film, A first interlayer insulating film disposed on the gate electrode, A source electrode disposed on the first interlayer insulating film and electrically connected to the semiconductor layer, A drain electrode disposed on the first interlayer insulating film and electrically connected to the semiconductor layer, A lower protective film disposed on the source electrode and the drain electrode, and Includes an overcoating layer disposed on the lower protective film, The display device according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode is electrically connected to the source electrode or the drain electrode.

16. A sealing member is placed on the second electrode, The touch buffer layer is disposed on the sealing member, One or more touch bridge electrodes are arranged in the peripheral region of the touch buffer layer. A second insulating layer is disposed on one or more touch bridge electrodes and the touch buffer layer. One or more opaque black matrices are arranged on the peripheral portion of the second insulating layer. A third interlayer insulating film is disposed on the opaque black matrix and the second insulating layer. The one or more touch electrodes are arranged on the third interlayer insulating film, The optical member is arranged on the touch electrode and the third interlayer insulating film, An optical component protective film is placed on the touch electrode and the optical component. The display device according to claim 15, wherein the sealing member includes a first sealing layer, a second sealing layer, and a third sealing layer arranged sequentially on the second electrode.

17. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the brightness dependence with respect to the viewing angle is reduced compared to a display device in which all subpixel light-emitting regions are centrally aligned along the Z-axis with the optical element corresponding to each subpixel.

18. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the Y-axis extends along the vertical direction of the display screen.

19. All of the aforementioned optical elements are arranged in the row and column directions in the X-Y plane. The display device according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of optical members is spaced at the same interval as adjacent optical members.

20. The display device according to claim 1, wherein a portion of the bank layer corresponding to the peripheral region of each of the openings in the bank layer is arranged on the first electrode of each of the plurality of subpixels, thereby blocking the emission of light into the peripheral region of each of the openings in the bank layer.

Images