METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING CHANNEL ACCESS BASED ON ENERGY DETECTION THRESHOLD IN UNLICENSED SPECTRA

Abstract

A method for a first device to perform wireless communication and a device supporting the method are provided, the method including the steps of acquiring a channel occupancy time (COT), setting an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is vacant, performing a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold, and performing a sidelink (SL) transmission.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communication systems. [Background technology]

[0002] Sidelink (SL) is a communication method that establishes a direct link between terminals (User Equipment, UE) and directly exchanges voice or data between terminals without going through a base station (BS). SL is being considered as a solution to alleviate the burden on base stations due to the rapidly increasing data traffic. V2X (vehicle-to-everything) is a communication technology that exchanges information with other vehicles, pedestrians, infrastructure-based objects, etc. via wired or wireless communication. V2X can be divided into four types: V2V (vehicle-to-vehicle), V2I (vehicle-to-infrastructure), V2N (vehicle-to-network), and V2P (vehicle-to-pedestrian). V2X communication can be provided via the PC5 interface and / or Uu interface.

[0003] Meanwhile, as more and more communication devices require larger communication capacities, there is an emerging need for improved mobile broadband communication compared to existing radio access technologies (RATs). As a result, communication systems that take into account reliability- and latency-sensitive services or terminals are being discussed, and next-generation wireless access technologies that take into account improved mobile broadband communication, massive machine-type communication (MTC), ultra-reliable and low latency communication (URLLC), etc. can be called new radio access technology (RAT) or new radio (NR). Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] In one embodiment, a method for wireless communication by a first device is provided. The method may include (comprise; configure; establish; set; encompass; include; contain; have) the steps of: acquiring a channel occupancy time (COT); setting an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is vacant; performing a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and performing a sidelink (SL) transmission. For example, the energy detection threshold may be set based on T_A, and the T_A may be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

[0005] In one embodiment, a first device configured to perform wireless communication is provided. The first device includes at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to cause the first device to: acquire a channel occupancy time (COT); set an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is vacant; perform a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and perform a sidelink (SL) transmission. For example, the energy detection threshold can be set based on a time interval (T_A), and the time interval (T_A) can be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the time interval (COT).

[0006] In one embodiment, a processing device configured to control a first device is provided. The processing device includes at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to cause the first device to: acquire a channel occupancy time (COT); set an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is vacant; perform a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and perform a sidelink (SL) transmission. For example, the energy detection threshold can be set based on T_A, and the T_A can be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

[0007] In one embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided having instructions recorded thereon that, when executed, can cause a first device to: acquire a channel occupancy time (COT); set an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is vacant; perform a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and perform a sidelink (SL) transmission. For example, the energy detection threshold can be set based on T_A, and the T_A can be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2]1 illustrates the electromagnetic spectrum, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] 1 illustrates the structure of an NR system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] 1 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] 1 illustrates a structure of an NR radio frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] 1 illustrates a slot structure of an NR frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] 1 illustrates an example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a procedure for a terminal to perform V2X or SL communication depending on a transmission mode is shown. [Figure 9] 1 illustrates three cast types according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 10] 1 illustrates an interlaced RB according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 11] Illustrated is an example in which the T_A value is determined differently based on whether the transmission appears within the COT and / or the channel access type, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 12] 1 illustrates a method for a first device to perform wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 13] 1 illustrates a method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 14] 1 illustrates a communication system 1 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 15] 1 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 16] 1 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmit signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 17] 1 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 18] 1 illustrates a mobile device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 19]1 illustrates a vehicle or autonomous vehicle according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] As used herein, "A or B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." Also, as used herein, "A or B" can be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, as used herein, "A, B, or C" can mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B, and C."

[0010] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma can mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B." Therefore, "A / B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C."

[0011] As used herein, "at least one of A and B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." Additionally, as used herein, the expressions "at least one of A or B" and "at least one of A and / or B" can be interpreted as "at least one of A and B."

[0012] Furthermore, in this specification, "at least one of A, B, and C" can mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B, and C." Furthermore, "at least one of A, B, or C" or "at least one of A, B, and / or C" can mean "at least one of A, B, and C."

[0013] Furthermore, parentheses used herein may mean "for example." Specifically, when "control information (PDCCH)" is used, "PDCCH" is proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, "control information" in this specification is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" is proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, when "control information (i.e., PDCCH)" is used, "PDCCH" is proposed as an example of "control information."

[0014] In the following description, "when, if, in case of" may be replaced with "based on."

[0015] In this specification, technical features individually described in one drawing may be embodied individually or simultaneously.

[0016] In this specification, a higher layer parameter may be a parameter that is configured for a terminal, configured in advance, or predefined. For example, a base station or a network may transmit the higher layer parameter to the terminal. For example, the higher layer parameter may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0017] The following technologies can be used in various wireless communication systems, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), and single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA). CDMA can be implemented in wireless technologies such as universal terrestrial radio access (UTRA) and CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented in wireless technologies such as global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), and enhanced data rates for GSM evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented in wireless technologies such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, and evolved UTRA (E-UTRA). IEEE 802.16m is an evolution of IEEE 802.16e and provides backward compatibility with systems based on IEEE 802.16e. UTRA is part of the universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS). 3GPP (3rd generation partnership project) LTE (long term evolution) is part of evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) that uses evolved-UMTS terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA), and employs OFDMA on the downlink and SC-FDMA on the uplink. LTE-A (advanced) is an evolution of 3GPP LTE.

[0018] 5G NR is a successor technology to LTE-A and is a new clean-slate mobile communication system with characteristics such as high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, including low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, intermediate-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0019] The goals of the 6G (wireless communication) system include (i) extremely high data speeds per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced energy consumption for battery-free IoT devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connections, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system is based on four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and the 6G system can satisfy the requirements shown in Table 1 below. In other words, Table 1 is a table showing an example of the requirements for a 6G system.

[0020] [Table 1]

[0021] The 6G system has key elements such as eMBB (Enhanced mobile broadband), URLLC (Ultra-reliable low latency communications), mMTC (massive machine-type communication), AI integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0022] 1 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 1 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0023] 6G systems are expected to have 50 times higher simultaneous wireless communication connectivity than 5G wireless communication systems. URLLC, a key feature of 5G, could become a key technology in 6G communications by providing end-to-end delays of less than 1 ms. 6G systems may have much better volumetric spectral efficiency than the commonly used area spectral efficiency. 6G systems can offer advanced battery technology for extremely long battery life and energy harvesting, eliminating the need for separate charging for mobile devices in 6G systems. The new network characteristics of 6G are as follows:

[0024] - Satellite integrated network: 6G is expected to be integrated with satellites to provide a global mobile network. The integration of terrestrial, satellite and public networks into one wireless communication system is crucial for 6G.

[0025] -Connected intelligence: Unlike previous generations of wireless communication systems, 6G is revolutionary, evolving wirelessly from "connected things" to "connected intelligence." AI can be applied to each step of the communication process (or each step of signal processing, as described below).

[0026] Seamless integration of wireless information and energy transfer: 6G wireless networks will transmit power to charge the batteries of devices such as smartphones and sensors. Therefore, wireless information and energy transmission (WIET) can be integrated.

[0027] -Ubiquitous super 3D connectivity: Connecting drones and very low Earth orbit satellite networks to core network functions will create 6G ubiquitous super 3D connectivity.

[0028] Some common requirements for the characteristics of the new 6G network mentioned above are:

[0029] -Small cell networks: The idea of ​​small cell networks was introduced in cellular systems to improve the quality of received signals, resulting in increased throughput, energy efficiency, and spectral efficiency. As a result, small cell networks are an essential feature of 5G and beyond 5G (5G) communication systems. Therefore, 6G communication systems also adopt the features of small cell networks.

[0030] -Ultra-dense heterogeneous network: Ultra-dense heterogeneous networks are likely to become another key feature of 6G communication systems. Multi-layer networks composed of heterogeneous networks will improve overall QoS and reduce costs.

[0031] High-capacity backhaul: The backhaul connection is characterized as a high-capacity backhaul network to support large volumes of traffic. High-speed optical fiber and free-space optical communication (FSO) systems can be a possible solution to the problem.

[0032] - Radar technology integrated with mobile technology: High-precision localization (or location-based services) via communication is one of the functions of 6G wireless communication systems. Therefore, radar systems may be integrated with 6G networks.

[0033] Softwarization and virtualization: Softwarization and virtualization are two key features that underpin the design process for 5GB networks to ensure flexibility, reconfigurability and programmability, and the ability for billions of devices to share a shared physical infrastructure.

[0034] The core implementation technologies of the 6G system are explained below.

[0035] Artificial Intelligence: The most important and newly introduced technology for the 6G system is AI. 4G systems did not involve AI. 5G systems partially or very limitedly support AI. However, 6G systems will fully support AI for automation. Advances in machine learning will create a more intelligent network for real-time communication in 6G. The introduction of AI into communications will simplify and improve real-time data transmission. AI can use numerous analyses to determine how complex target operations are executed. In other words, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delays. Time-consuming tasks such as handover, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play an important role in M2M, machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. AI will also enable rapid communication in BCI (Brain-Computer Interface). AI-based communication systems are supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0036] Terahertz Communication: Data transmission rates can be increased by increasing bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication over a wide bandwidth and applying advanced massively multiple input / output (MIMO) technology. Also known as submillimeter radiation, THz waves typically refer to the frequency band between 0.1 THz and 10 THz, with wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz-300 GHz band range (sub-THz band) is considered the primary portion of the THz band for cellular communications. Adding the sub-THz band to the mmWave band will increase 6G cellular communication capacity. Of the defined THz bands, 300 GHz-3 THz is in the far-infrared (IR) frequency band. While the 300 GHz-3 THz band is part of a broadband, it is at the boundary of the broadband and immediately behind the RF band. Therefore, the 300 GHz-3 THz band is similar to RF. Figure 2 illustrates an electromagnetic spectrum according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The example of Figure 2 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Key characteristics of THz communications include (i) a wide usable bandwidth to support very high data rates, and (ii) high path loss at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are essential). The narrow beamwidth produced by highly directional antennas reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows a greater number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and base stations operating in this band. This allows for the use of advanced adaptive array techniques that can overcome range limitations.

[0037] -Large-scale MIMO technology

[0038] -Hologram beam forming (HBF)

[0039] -Optical wireless technology

[0040] -Free Space Optical Transmission Backhaul Network (FSO Backhaul Network)

[0041] -Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN)

[0042] -Quantum Communication

[0043] -Cell-free Communication

[0044] -Integration of Wireless Information and Power Transmission

[0045] -Integration of Wireless Communication and Sensing

[0046] -Integrated Access and Backhaul Network

[0047] -Big data analysis

[0048] -Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface

[0049] -Metaverse

[0050] -Blockchain

[0051] Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles), or drones, have the potential to become a key element in 6G wireless communications. In most cases, high-speed data wireless connections are provided using UAV technology. BS entities are installed on UAVs to provide cellular connectivity. UAVs possess certain features not found in fixed BS infrastructure, such as easy deployment, strong line-of-sight links, and freedom of controlled mobility. During emergency situations such as natural disasters, deploying terrestrial communication infrastructure is economically unfeasible and sometimes unable to provide services in volatile environments. UAVs can easily handle such situations. UAVs have the potential to become a new paradigm in the field of wireless communications. This technology facilitates the three fundamental requirements of wireless networks: eMBB, URLLC, and mMTC. UAVs can also support various purposes such as improved network connectivity, fire detection, disaster emergency services, security and surveillance, pollution monitoring, parking monitoring, and accident monitoring. Therefore, UAV technology is recognized as one of the most important technologies for 6G communications.

[0052] -Autonomous Driving (Self-driving): Perfect autonomous driving requires vehicle-to-vehicle communication to notify each other of dangerous situations, or vehicle-to-vehicle communication with infrastructure such as parking lots and traffic lights to confirm information such as parking location and traffic light change times. V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything), a key element in building autonomous driving infrastructure, is a technology that allows vehicles to communicate and share information with various elements on the road for autonomous driving, including wireless communication between vehicles (V2V, Vehicle-to-Vehicle) and between vehicles and infrastructure (V2I, Vehicle-to-Infrastructure). High-speed transmission and low-latency technology are essential to maximize autonomous driving performance and ensure high safety. Furthermore, autonomous driving will go beyond simply providing warnings and guidance messages to drivers and actively intervene in vehicle operation, directly controlling the vehicle in dangerous situations. This will require a huge amount of information to be transmitted and received, and 6G is expected to maximize autonomous driving with faster transmission speeds and lower latency than 5G.

[0053] For clarity of explanation, the description focuses on 5G NR, but the technical idea according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and various embodiments of the present disclosure may also be applied to 6G communication systems.

[0054] 3 illustrates an NR system architecture according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 3 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0055] Referring to FIG. 3, a Next Generation Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) may include a base station 20 that provides user plane and control plane protocol termination for a terminal 10. For example, the base station 20 may include a next generation NodeB (gNB) and / or an evolved NodeB (eNB). For example, the terminal 10 may be fixed or mobile, and may be referred to as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station (SS), a mobile terminal (MT), a wireless device, or other terms. For example, a base station is a fixed station that communicates with the terminal 10, and may be referred to as a base transceiver system (BTS), an access point, or other terms.

[0056] The embodiment of Figure 3 illustrates a case where only gNBs are included. Base stations 20 may be connected to each other via an Xn interface. Base stations 20 may be connected to a 5G Core Network (5GC) via an NG interface. More specifically, base stations 20 may be connected to an access and mobility management function (AMF) 30 via an NG-C interface and to a user plane function (UPF) 30 via an NG-U interface.

[0057] The radio interface protocol layers between a terminal and a network can be divided into L1 (Layer 1), L2 (Layer 2), and L3 (Layer 3) based on the three lower layers of the Open System Interconnection (OSI) reference model, which is widely known in communication systems. Among these, the physical layer, which belongs to Layer 1, provides information transfer services using physical channels, and the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, which is located in Layer 3, controls radio resources between the terminal and the network. To this end, the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the terminal and the base station.

[0058] Figure 4 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of Figure 4 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, Figure 4(a) illustrates a user plane radio protocol stack for Uu communications, and Figure 4(b) illustrates a control plane radio protocol stack for Uu communications. Figure 4(c) illustrates a user plane radio protocol stack for SL communications, and Figure 4(d) illustrates a control plane radio protocol stack for SL communications.

[0059] Referring to Figure 4, the physical layer provides information transfer services to higher layers using physical channels. The physical layer is connected to the higher layer, the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, via transport channels. Data moves between the MAC layer and the physical layer via the transport channels. Transport channels are classified according to how and what characteristics data is transmitted over the radio interface.

[0060] Data is transferred between different physical layers, i.e., between the physical layers of a transmitter and a receiver, via a physical channel, which can be modulated using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and utilizes time and frequency as radio resources.

[0061] The MAC layer provides services to the higher-level radio link control (RLC) layer via logical channels. The MAC layer provides a mapping function from multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. The MAC layer also provides a logical channel multiplexing function by mapping multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. The MAC sublayer provides data transfer services on the logical channels.

[0062] The RLC layer performs concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC Service Data Units (SDUs). To guarantee various Quality of Service (QoS) requirements for Radio Bearers (RBs), the RLC layer provides three operation modes: Transparent Mode (TM), Unacknowledged Mode (UM), and Acknowledged Mode (AM). AM RLC provides error correction via automatic repeat request (ARQ).

[0063] The Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer is defined only in the control plane. The RRC layer is responsible for controlling logical channels, transmission channels, and physical channels in relation to the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of radio bearers. RB refers to the logical path provided by layer 1 (physical layer or PHY layer) and layer 2 (MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) layer, SDAP (Service Data Adaptation Protocol) layer) for data transmission between the terminal and the network.

[0064] The functions of the PDCP layer in the user plane include user data transmission, header compression, and ciphering, and the functions of the PDCP layer in the control plane include control plane data transmission and encryption / integrity protection.

[0065] The Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer is defined only in the user plane. The SDAP layer performs mapping between QoS flows and data radio bearers, QoS flow identifier (ID) marking in downlink and uplink packets, etc.

[0066] RB configuration refers to the process of defining the characteristics of the radio protocol layer and channel to provide a specific service and setting their specific parameters and operation methods. RBs are divided into two types: SRB (Signaling Radio Bearer) and DRB (Data Radio Bearer). SRB is used as a path to transmit RRC messages in the control plane, and DRB is used as a path to transmit user data in the user plane.

[0067] When an RRC connection is established between the RRC layer of the terminal and the RRC layer of the base station, the terminal is in an RRC_CONNECTED state; otherwise, it is in an RRC_IDLE state. In the case of NR, an RRC_INACTIVE state is additionally defined, and a terminal in the RRC_INACTIVE state maintains a connection with the core network and can release the connection with the base station.

[0068] Downlink transport channels for transmitting data from a network to a terminal include a Broadcast Channel (BCH) for transmitting system information and a Downlink Shared Channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic and control messages. Traffic or control messages of a downlink multicast or broadcast service can be transmitted via the Downlink SCH or via a separate Multicast Channel (MCH). Meanwhile, uplink transport channels for transmitting data from a terminal to a network include a Random Access Channel (RACH) for transmitting initial control messages and an Uplink Shared Channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic and control messages.

[0069] Above the transport channels, logical channels that are mapped to the transport channels include BCCH (Broadcast Control Channel), PCCH (Paging Control Channel), CCCH (Common Control Channel), MCCH (Multicast Control Channel), and MTCH (Multicast Traffic Channel).

[0070] 5 illustrates a radio frame structure for NR according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 5 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0071] Referring to Figure 5, in NR, radio frames can be used for uplink and downlink transmission. A radio frame has a length of 10 ms and can be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). A half-frame can include five 1 ms subframes (SF). A subframe can be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots in a subframe can be determined by the subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each slot can include 12 or 14 OFDM(A) symbols depending on the cyclic prefix (CP).

[0072] When a normal CP is used, each slot can contain 14 symbols. When an extended CP is used, each slot can contain 12 symbols. Here, the symbols can include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols) or Single Carrier-FDMA (SC-FDMA) symbols (or Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols).

[0073] Table 2 below shows the number of symbols per slot (N) depending on the SCS setting (u) when a normal CP or an extended CP is used. slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot ) is shown below.

[0074] [Table 2]

[0075] In an NR system, OFDM(A) numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) can be set to be different between multiple cells merged into one terminal, thereby allowing the (absolute time) duration of time resources (e.g., subframes, slots, or TTIs) (commonly referred to as TUs (Time Units) for convenience) consisting of the same number of symbols to be set to be different between the merged cells.

[0076] In NR, multiple numerologies or SCSs can be supported to support various 5G services. For example, if the SCS is 15 kHz, wide areas in traditional cellular bands can be supported, and if the SCS is 30 kHz / 60 kHz, dense-urban areas, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidths can be supported. If the SCS is 60 kHz or higher, bandwidths greater than 24.25 GHz can be supported to overcome phase noise.

[0077] The NR frequency band can be defined as two types of frequency ranges. The two types of frequency ranges are FR1 and FR2. The values ​​of the frequency ranges can be changed. For example, the two types of frequency ranges are shown in Table 3 below. Among the frequency ranges used in the NR system, FR1 can mean the "sub 6 GHz range" and FR2 can mean the "above 6 GHz range" and can be called millimeter wave (mmW).

[0078] [Table 3]

[0079] As mentioned above, the numerical values ​​of the frequency range of the NR system may be changed. For example, FR1 may include the band from 410 MHz to 7125 MHz as shown in Table 4 below. That is, FR1 may include frequency bands above 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.). For example, the frequency bands above 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) included in FR1 may include unlicensed bands. Unlicensed bands may be used for various purposes, such as communications for vehicles (e.g., autonomous driving).

[0080] [Table 4]

[0081] 6 illustrates a slot structure of an NR frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 6 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0082] 6, a slot includes a plurality of symbols in the time domain. For example, in the case of a normal CP, one slot may include 14 symbols, and in the case of an extended CP, one slot may include 12 symbols. Alternatively, in the case of a normal CP, one slot may include 7 symbols, and in the case of an extended CP, one slot may include 6 symbols.

[0083] A carrier includes multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. A resource block (RB) can be defined as multiple (e.g., 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. A bandwidth part (BWP) can be defined as multiple (P)RBs (Physical Resource Blocks) in the frequency domain and can correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can include up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication can be performed via activated BWPs. Each element is called a resource element (RE) in the resource grid, and one complex symbol can be mapped to it.

[0084] Below, we will explain about BWP (Bandwidth Part) and carrier.

[0085] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) is a contiguous set of physical resource blocks (PRBs) in a given numerology. PRBs can be selected from a contiguous subset of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier.

[0086] For example, the BWP may be at least one of an active BWP, an initial BWP, and / or a default BWP. For example, the UE may not monitor downlink radio link quality in DL BWPs other than the active DL BWP on the primary cell (PCell). For example, the UE may not receive a PDCCH, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), or a CSI-RS (reference signal) (excluding RRM) outside the active DL BWP. For example, the UE may not trigger a CSI (Channel State Information) report for an inactive DL BWP. For example, the UE may not transmit a PUCCH (physical uplink control channel) or a PUSCH (physical uplink shared channel) outside the active UL BWP. For example, in the downlink, the initial BWP is given as a contiguous RB set for the remaining minimum system information (RMSI) control resource set (CORESET) (set by the physical broadcast channel (PBCH)). For example, in the uplink, the initial BWP is provided by a system information block (SIB) for the random access procedure. For example, the default BWP is configured by a higher layer. For example, the initial value of the default BWP is the initial DL BWP. To save energy, when the terminal cannot detect DCI for a certain period of time, the terminal can switch the active BWP of the terminal to the default BWP.

[0087] Meanwhile, a BWP can be defined for SL. The same SL BWP can be used for transmission and reception. For example, a transmitting terminal can transmit an SL channel or an SL signal on a specific BWP, and a receiving terminal can receive an SL channel or an SL signal on the specific BWP. In a licensed carrier, an SL BWP can be defined separately from a Uu BWP, and the SL BWP can have separate configuration signaling from the Uu BWP. For example, a terminal can receive a configuration for the SL BWP from a base station / network. For example, a terminal can receive a configuration for the Uu BWP from a base station / network. An SL BWP can be configured (pre-configured) for out-of-coverage NR V2X terminals and RRC_IDLE terminals within a carrier. For a terminal in RRC_CONNECTED mode, at least one SL BWP can be activated within the carrier.

[0088] 7 illustrates an example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 7 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. In the embodiment of FIG. 7, it is assumed that there are three BWPs.

[0089] Referring to Figure 7, CRBs (common resource blocks) are carrier resource blocks numbered from one end of a carrier band to the other end, and PRBs are resource blocks numbered within each BWP. Point A can indicate a common reference point for the resource block grid.

[0090] BWP is point A, offset from point A (N start BWP ) and bandwidth (N size BWP) For example, point A is the external reference point of the PRB of the carrier to which subcarrier 0 of all numerologies (e.g., all numerologies supported by the network on the carrier) is aligned. For example, the offset is the PRB spacing between the lowest subcarrier in a given numerology and point A. For example, the bandwidth is the number of PRBs in a given numerology.

[0091] Below, we will explain V2X or SL communication.

[0092] The Sidelink Synchronization Signal (SLSS) is a SL-specific sequence and may include a Primary Sidelink Synchronization Signal (PSSS) and a Secondary Sidelink Synchronization Signal (SSSS). The PSSS may be referred to as a Sidelink Primary Synchronization Signal (S-PSS), and the SSSS may be referred to as a Sidelink Secondary Synchronization Signal (S-SSS). For example, length-127 M-sequences may be used for the S-PSS, and length-127 Gold sequences may be used for the S-SSS. For example, a terminal may perform initial signal detection and acquire synchronization using the S-PSS. For example, a terminal may acquire detailed synchronization and detect a synchronization signal ID using the S-PSS and S-SSS.

[0093] The PSBCH (Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel) is a (broadcast) channel that transmits basic (system) information that a terminal must know first before transmitting or receiving an SL signal. For example, the basic information includes information related to SLSS, duplex mode (DM), TDDUL / DL (Time Division Duplex Uplink / Downlink) configuration, resource pool-related information, type of application related to SLSS, subframe offset, broadcast information, etc. For example, for evaluating PSBCH performance, in NR V2X, the size of the PSBCH payload is 56 bits, including a 24-bit CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check).

[0094] The S-PSS, S-SSS, and PSBCH can be included in a block format (e.g., an S-SS (Synchronization Signal) / PSBCH block, hereinafter referred to as an S-SSB (Sidelink-Synchronization Signal Block)) that supports periodic transmission. The S-SSB can have the same numerology (i.e., SCS and CP length) as the PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel) / PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel) in a carrier, and the transmission bandwidth is within a (pre-) configured S-BWP (Sidelink Bandwidth Part). For example, the bandwidth of the S-SSB is 11 RBs (Resource Blocks). For example, the PSBCH spans 11 RBs. The frequency location of the S-SSB can be (pre-) configured. Therefore, the terminal does not need to perform hypothesis detection in frequency to find the S-SSB in the carrier.

[0095] 8 illustrates a procedure in which a terminal performs V2X or SL communication according to a transmission mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 8 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. In various embodiments of the present disclosure, the transmission mode may be referred to as a mode or a resource allocation mode. Hereinafter, for convenience of description, in LTE, the transmission mode may be referred to as an LTE transmission mode, and in NR, the transmission mode may be referred to as an NR resource allocation mode.

[0096] For example, (a) of Figure 8 illustrates terminal operation associated with LTE transmission mode 1 or LTE transmission mode 3. Alternatively, for example, (a) of Figure 8 illustrates terminal operation associated with NR resource allocation mode 1. For example, LTE transmission mode 1 may be applied to general SL communication, and LTE transmission mode 3 may be applied to V2X communication.

[0097] For example, (b) of FIG. 8 illustrates terminal operation associated with LTE transmission mode 2 or LTE transmission mode 4. Or, for example, (b) of FIG. 8 illustrates terminal operation associated with NR resource allocation mode 2.

[0098] 8(a), in LTE transmission mode 1, LTE transmission mode 3, or NR resource allocation mode 1, a base station may schedule SL resources to be used by a terminal for SL transmission. For example, in step S800, the base station may transmit information related to SL resources and / or information related to UL resources to a first terminal. For example, the UL resources may include PUCCH resources and / or PUSCH resources. For example, the UL resources may be resources for reporting SL HARQ feedback to the base station.

[0099] For example, the first terminal may receive information related to dynamic grant (DG) resources and / or information related to configured grant (CG) resources from the base station. For example, the CG resources may include CG type 1 resources or CG type 2 resources. In this specification, the DG resources may be resources configured / assigned to the first terminal by the base station via downlink control information (DCI). In this specification, the CG resources may be (periodic) resources configured / assigned to the first terminal by the base station via DCI and / or an RRC message. For example, in the case of CG type 1 resources, the base station may send an RRC message including information related to the CG resources to the first terminal. For example, in the case of CG type 2 resources, the base station may send an RRC message including information related to the CG resources to the first terminal, and the base station may send a DCI related to the activation or release of the CG resources to the first terminal.

[0100] In step S810, the first terminal may transmit a PSCCH (e.g., Sidelink Control Information (SCI) or 1st-stage SCI) to a second terminal based on the resource scheduling. In step S820, the first terminal may transmit a PSSCH (e.g., 2nd-stage SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) associated with the PSCCH to a second terminal. In step S830, the first terminal may receive a PSFCH associated with the PSCCH / PSSCH from a second terminal. For example, HARQ feedback information (e.g., NACK information or ACK information) may be received from the second terminal via the PSFCH. In step S840, the first terminal may transmit / report HARQ feedback information to a base station via a PUCCH or a PUSCH. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station may be information generated by the first terminal based on the HARQ feedback information received from the second terminal. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station may be information generated by the first terminal based on a preset rule. For example, the DCI may be DCI for SL scheduling. For example, the format of the DCI may be DCI format 3_0 or DCI format 3_1.

[0101] Referring to (b) of FIG. 8, in LTE transmission mode 2, LTE transmission mode 4, or NR resource allocation mode 2, the terminal can determine SL transmission resources within SL resources configured by the base station / network or pre-configured SL resources. For example, the configured SL resources or pre-configured SL resources may be a resource pool. For example, the terminal can autonomously select or schedule resources for SL transmission. For example, the terminal can self-select resources within a configured resource pool to perform SL communication. For example, the terminal can perform sensing and resource (re)selection procedures and self-select resources within a selection window. For example, the sensing can be performed in units of subchannels. For example, in step S810, the first terminal that self-selected resources within the resource pool may use the resources to transmit PSCCH (e.g., SCI (Sidelink Control Information) or 1 st In step S820, the first terminal transmits a PSSCH (e.g., a 2-stage SCI) associated with the PSCCH to the second terminal. nd In step S830, the first terminal may receive a PSFCH associated with the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second terminal.

[0102] Referring to (a) or (b) of FIG. 8, for example, the first terminal can transmit an SCI to the second terminal on the PSCCH. Alternatively, for example, the first terminal can transmit two consecutive SCIs (e.g., 2-stage SCIs) to the second terminal on the PSCCH and / or PSSCH. In this case, the second terminal can decode the two consecutive SCIs (e.g., 2-stage SCIs) to receive the PSSCH from the first terminal. In this specification, the SCI transmitted on the PSCCH is referred to as a 1 st SCI, 1st SCI, 1 st -stage SCI or 1 st The SCI transmitted on the PSSCH can be referred to as a 2-stage SCI format. nd SCI, 2nd SCI, 2nd -stage SCI or 2 nd -stage SCI format. For example, st -stage SCI formats can include SCI format 1-A, 2 nd -stage SCI formats may include SCI format 2-A and / or SCI format 2-B.

[0103] An example of SCI format 1-A will be described below.

[0104] SCI format 1-A is for PSSCH and 2 on PSSCH. nd Used for scheduling -stage SCI.

[0105] The following information is transmitted using SCI Format 1-A.

[0106] - Priority - 3 bits

[0107] - Frequency resource allocation - If the value of the upper layer parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is set to 2, ceiling(log2(N SL subChannel (N SL subChannel +1) / 2)) bits; otherwise, if the value of the upper layer parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is set to 3, the ceiling log2(N SL subChannel (N SL subChannel +1)(2N SL subChannel +1) / 6) bits

[0108] - Time resource allocation - 5 bits if the value of the upper layer parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is set to 2; otherwise, 9 bits if the value of the upper layer parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is set to 3

[0109] -Resource reservation cycle -ceiling(log2N rsv_period ) bits, where N rsv_period is the number of entries in the upper layer parameter sl-ResourceReservePeriodList if the upper layer parameter sl-MultiReserveResource is set; otherwise, a 0 bit

[0110] -DMRS pattern -ceiling(log2N pattern ) bits, where N pattern is the number of DMRS patterns set by the upper layer parameter sl-PSSCH-DMRS-TimePatternList

[0111] -2 nd -stage SCI format - 2 bits as defined in Table 5

[0112] Beta_Offsets indicator - 2 bits as provided by the upper layer parameter sl-BetaOffsets2ndSCI

[0113] Number of DMRS ports - 1 bit as defined in Table 6

[0114] -Modulation and coding method - 5 bits

[0115] Additional MCS table indicator - 1 bit if one MCS table is set by the upper layer parameter sl-Additional-MCS-Table; 2 bits if two MCS tables are set by the upper layer parameter sl-Additional-MCS-Table; 0 bit otherwise.

[0116] PSFCH overhead indicator - 1 bit if upper layer parameter sl-PSFCH-Period=2 or 4; 0 bit otherwise

[0117] Reserved Bits - The number of bits determined by the upper layer parameter sl-NumReservedBits, which is set to 0.

[0118] [Table 5]

[0119] [Table 6]

[0120] An example of SCI format 2-A will be described below.

[0121] In HARQ operation, if the HARQ-ACK information includes an ACK or a NACK, or if the HARQ-ACK information includes only a NACK, or if there is no feedback of the HARQ-ACK information, SCI format 2-A is used for decoding the PSSCH.

[0122] The following information is transmitted via SCI Format 2-A:

[0123] - HARQ process number - 4 bits

[0124] -New Data Indicator - 1 bit

[0125] -redundancy version - 2 bits

[0126] - Source ID - 8 bits

[0127] -Destination ID - 16 bits

[0128] HARQ feedback activation / deactivation indicator - 1 bit

[0129] Cast Type Indicator - 2 bits as defined in Table 7

[0130] -CSI Request - 1 bit

[0131] [Table 7]

[0132] An example of SCI format 2-B will be described below.

[0133] In HARQ operation, if the HARQ-ACK information includes only NACK or there is no feedback of HARQ-ACK information, SCI format 2-B is used for decoding the PSSCH.

[0134] The following information is transmitted via SCI Format 2-B:

[0135] - HARQ process number - 4 bits

[0136] -New Data Indicator - 1 bit

[0137] -redundancy version - 2 bits

[0138] - Source ID - 8 bits

[0139] -Destination ID - 16 bits

[0140] HARQ feedback activation / deactivation indicator - 1 bit

[0141] - Zone ID - 12 bits

[0142] - Communication Range Requirements - 4 bits determined by the higher layer parameter sl-ZoneConfigMCR-Index

[0143] 8(a) or 8(b), in step S830, the first terminal may receive a PSFCH. For example, the first terminal and the second terminal may determine a PSFCH resource, and the second terminal may use the PSFCH resource to transmit HARQ feedback to the first terminal.

[0144] Referring to (a) of FIG. 8, in step S840, the first terminal can transmit SL HARQ feedback to the base station via the PUCCH and / or PUSCH.

[0145] FIG. 9 illustrates three cast types according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 9 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, (a) of FIG. 9 illustrates broadcast-type SL communication, (b) of FIG. 9 illustrates unicast-type SL communication, and (c) of FIG. 9 illustrates groupcast-type SL communication. In the case of unicast-type SL communication, a terminal can perform one-to-one communication with another terminal. In the case of groupcast-type SL communication, a terminal can perform SL communication with one or more terminals in a group to which the terminal belongs. In various embodiments of the present disclosure, SL groupcast communication can be replaced with SL multicast communication, SL one-to-many communication, etc.

[0146] The Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) procedure will now be described.

[0147] For example, SL HARQ feedback may be enabled for unicast. For example, SL HARQ feedback may be enabled for groupcast. For example, two HARQ feedback options are supported for groupcast.

[0148] (1) Groupcast Option 1: After a receiving terminal decodes a PSCCH targeted at the receiving terminal, if the receiving terminal fails to decode a transmission block associated with the PSCCH, the receiving terminal can transmit a NACK (negative acknowledgment) to the transmitting terminal via a PSFCH. On the other hand, if the receiving terminal decodes a PSCCH targeted at the receiving terminal and successfully decodes a transmission block associated with the PSCCH, the receiving terminal may not transmit an ACK (positive acknowledgment) to the transmitting terminal.

[0149] (2) Groupcast Option 2: After a receiving terminal decodes a PSCCH targeted at the receiving terminal, if the receiving terminal fails to decode a transmission block associated with the PSCCH, the receiving terminal can transmit a NACK to the transmitting terminal via a PSFCH. If the receiving terminal decodes a PSCCH targeted at the receiving terminal and successfully decodes a transmission block associated with the PSCCH, the receiving terminal can transmit an ACK to the transmitting terminal via a PSFCH.

[0150] The UE procedure for reporting HARQ-ACK in the sidelink will now be described.

[0151] The UE uses N to transmit a PSFCH containing HARQ-ACK information in response to the PSSCH reception. PSSCH subch The SCI format may indicate scheduling of PSSCH reception on one or more subchannels from the subchannels. The UE provides HARQ-ACK information including ACK or NACK, or only NACK.

[0152] The UE can be provided with the number of slots in the resource pool for PSFCH transmission occasion resources by sl-PSFCH-Period-r16. If the number is 0, PSFCH transmission from the UE is disabled in the resource pool. The UE can be provided with k mod N PSFCH PSSCH = 0, slot t′ k SL (0≦k <T′ max ) where t' k SL is a slot that belongs to the resource pool, and T′ max is the number of slots belonging to the resource pool within 10240 msec, and N PSFCH PSSCH is provided by sl-PSFCH-Period-r16. The UE can be instructed by higher layers not to transmit a PSFCH in response to PSSCH reception. If the UE receives a PSSCH in a resource pool and the HARQ feedback enabled / disabled indicator field included in the associated SCI format 2-A or SCI format 2-B has a value of 1, the UE provides HARQ-ACK information via a PSFCH transmission in the resource pool. The UE transmits the PSFCH in the first slot, which is the slot after the minimum number of slots provided by sl-MinTimeGapPSFCH-r16 of the resource pool including the PSFCH resource and after the last slot of PSSCH reception.

[0153] The UE determines a set M of PRBs in the resource pool for PSFCH transmission on PRBs of the resource pool. PSFCH PRB、set The number of subchannels for the resource pool provided by sl-NumSubchannel is N. subch and N PSFCH PSSCHFor a smaller or the same number of PSSCH slots associated with a PSFCH slot, the UE PRB、set PSFCH Among the PRBs, [(i+j·N PSFCH PSSCH )·M PSFCH subch、slot , (i+1+j·N PSFCH PSSCH )·M PSFCH subch、slot -1] PRB is allocated to slot i and subchannel j of the PSSCH slot linked to the PSFCH slot. PSFCH subch、slot =M PSFCH PRB、set / (N subch N PSFCH PSSCH ), 0≦i <N PSFCH PSSCH , 0≦j <N subch and the allocation starts with increasing i and continues with increasing j. PSFCH PRB、set N subch N PSFCH PSSCH We expect it to be a multiple of .

[0154] The UE determines the number of PSFCH resources available for multiplexing HARQ-ACK information included in the PSFCH transmission as R PSFCH PRB、CS =N PSFCH type M PSFCH subch、slot N PSFCH CS Here, N PSFCH CS is the number of cyclic shift pairs for the resource pool, and based on instructions from the upper hierarchy,

[0155] -N PSFCH type = 1 and M PSFCH subch、slot The PRB is associated with the starting subchannel of the corresponding PSSCH.

[0156] -N PSFCHtype =N PSSCH subch and N PSSCH subch M PSFCH subch、slot PRB is the N of the corresponding PSSCH. PSSCH subch Associated with one or more of the sub-channels.

[0157] The PSFCH resources are first PSFCH type M PSFCH subch、slot PRBs are indexed in ascending order of PRB index, and then N PSFCH CS The cyclic shift pairs are indexed in ascending order of their cyclic shift pair indexes.

[0158] The UE receives the index of the PSFCH resource for PSFCH transmission (P ID +M ID ) mod R PSFCH PRB、CS Here, P ID is the physical layer source ID provided by the SCI format 2-A or 2-B that schedules PSSCH reception, and M ID is the ID of the UE that receives the PSSCH indicated by the higher layer if the UE detects SCI format 2-A with the cast type indicator field value '01', otherwise, M ID is 0.

[0159] The UE uses Table 8 to determine N PSFCH CS and determine the m0 value for calculating the cyclic shift α value from the cyclic shift pair index corresponding to the PSFCH resource index.

[0160] [Table 8]

[0161] If the UE detects SCI format 2-A with a cast type indicator field value of '01' or '10', as shown in Table 9, or if the UE detects SCI format 2-B or SCI format 2-A with a cast type indicator field value of '11', as shown in Table 10, the UE shall use the value m for calculating the cyclic shift α value. cs The UE applies one cyclic shift of the cyclic shift pair to the sequence used for PSFCH transmission.

[0162] [Table 9]

[0163] [Table 10]

[0164] Alternatively, a UE may be assigned a set of non-contiguous RBs (equally spaced apart) in frequency. Such a set of non-contiguous RBs can be called interlaced RBs. This is useful in spectrum (e.g., shared spectrum) where constraints such as occupied channel bandwidth (OCB) and power spectral density (PSD) apply.

[0165] 10 illustrates an interlaced RB according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 10 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0166] Referring to Figure 10, multiple interlaces of RBs are defined in the frequency domain. Interlace m ∈ {0, 1, ..., M-1} can be composed of (common) RBs {m, M+m, 2M+m, 3M+m, ...}, where M can represent the number of interlaced RBs given by Table 11.

[0167] [Table 11]

[0168] A communication device (e.g., a device proposed through various embodiments of the present disclosure, a UE, a vehicle, a drone, etc.) can transmit a signal / channel using one or more interlaced RBs.

[0169] On the other hand, in the next-generation system, a terminal can perform sidelink transmission and / or reception operations in an unlicensed band. Meanwhile, when operating in an unlicensed band, band-specific regulations or requirements may require a channel sensing operation (e.g., energy detection / measurement) on the channel to be used before the terminal performs transmission. Only when the channel or RB set to be used is determined to be idle based on the channel sensing result (e.g., when the measured energy is below or equal to a specific threshold), the terminal can transmit in the unlicensed band. When the channel or RB set to be used is determined to be busy based on the channel sensing result (e.g., when the measured energy is above or exceeds a specific threshold), the terminal can cancel all or part of the transmission in the unlicensed band. Meanwhile, when operating in an unlicensed band, the terminal can omit or simplify the channel sensing operation (make the channel sensing interval relatively small) within a certain time period after transmission in a specific time interval. After a certain time period has elapsed after transmission, the terminal can determine whether to transmit after performing a normal channel sensing operation. On the other hand, in the case of transmission in an unlicensed band, depending on regulations or requirements, the time duration and / or frequency occupation area size and / or power spectral density (PSD) of a signal / channel transmitted by a terminal may be at or above a certain level. On the other hand, in an unlicensed band, in order to simplify channel sensing, the content that a channel secured through initial normal channel sensing is to be occupied for a certain time is notified through COT (channel occupancy time) interval information, and the maximum length of the COT interval can be set differently depending on the priority value or channel access priority class (CAPC) of a service or data packet.

[0170] On the other hand, the base station can share the COT interval it has secured through channel sensing via DCI transmission, and the terminal can perform a specific (instructed) channel sensing type and / or CP extension within the COT interval based on the DCI information received from the base station. On the other hand, the terminal can share the COT interval it has secured through channel sensing with the base station that is the receiver of the terminal's UL transmission, and related information is provided via the UL via configured grant-uplink control information (CG-UCI). In this situation, the base station can perform simplified channel sensing within the COT interval shared by the terminal. Meanwhile, in the case of sidelink communication, there are situations in which the terminal receives instructions on resources to be used for sidelink transmission from the base station via DCI or RRC signaling, such as Mode 1 resource allocation (RA) operation, and there are also situations in which the terminal performs sidelink transmission and reception via UE-to-UE sensing without the assistance of the base station, such as Mode 2 RA operation.

[0171] On the other hand, in the case of channel access type 1, which can be used regardless of the channel occupancy time (COT) setting, DL transmission is performed according to the procedures shown in Tables 12 and 13.

[0172] [Table 12]

[0173] [Table 13]

[0174] On the other hand, in the case of channel access type 1, which can be used regardless of the channel occupancy time (COT) setting, UL transmission is performed according to the procedures shown in Tables 14 and 15.

[0175] [Table 14]

[0176] [Table 15]

[0177] Meanwhile, the simplified channel access type 2 is used before transmission within the channel occupancy time (COT), and DL transmission is performed according to the procedure shown in Table 16.

[0178] [Table 16]

[0179] Meanwhile, simplified channel access type 2 is used within the channel occupancy time (COT) before transmission, and UL transmission is performed according to the procedure shown in Table 17.

[0180] [Table 17]

[0181] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, TYPE 2 ASL channel access can be a method similar to TYPE 2 ADL and / or UL channel access. For example, TYPE 2 ASL channel access is performed in a sensing interval of T_short_sl=25 us, which consists of a duration of T_f=16 us followed by one sensing slot, where T_f can include the sensing slot at its beginning. The basic IDLE determination in TYPE 2 ASL channel access can also borrow the IDLE determination in DL or UL channel access.

[0182] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, TYPE 2B SL channel access may be performed in the same manner as TYPE 2B DL ​​and / or UL channel access. For example, TYPE 2B SL channel access may be configured with a sensing duration of T_f=16 us, where T_f may include a sensing slot in the last 9 us. For example, in the case of TYPE 2B SL channel access, a terminal may perform transmission immediately after sensing a channel in an idle state within a duration of T_f=16 us. T_f may include a sensing slot occurring within the last 9 us of T_f. The basic IDLE determination in TYPE 2B SL channel access may also borrow the IDLE determination in DL or UL channel access.

[0183] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, TYPE 2 CSL channel access may be a method similar to TYPE 2 CDL and / or UL channel access. For example, in the case of TYPE 2 CSL channel access, the terminal does not perform channel sensing. Instead, the time interval for SL transmission may be up to 584 us.

[0184] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, TYPE 1 SL channel access may be a method similar to TYPE 1 DL and / or UL channel access. For example, the UE may randomly derive an integer value N based on a contention window size corresponding to a priority class. If the channel sensing result for a T_d-sized defer duration corresponding to the priority class is idle, the UE may decrement the N-1 counter value in units of T_sl if idle. If the counter value is 0, the UE may occupy the RB set or channel targeted for channel sensing. If a portion of the channel sensing result for the T_sl duration is determined to be busy, the UE may maintain the counter value as it is until the channel sensing result for the T_d-sized defer duration is again idle, and the UE may continue to perform channel sensing. In the above, the defer duration of T_d length is composed of m_p consecutive T_sl periods after T_f=16us, where m_p is a value determined by the priority class (p), and T_sl=9us may be the time period during which channel sensing is performed.

[0185] CAPC (Channel Access Priority Class) will be explained below.

[0186] MACCE and CAPC of radio bearers can be fixed or configurable to operate in FR1:

[0187] - Padding BSR (Buffer Status Report) and recommended bit rate MACCE are fixed to the lowest priority

[0188] -Fixed to highest priority for SRB0, SRB1, SRB3 and 6MACCE;

[0189] Configured by the base station for SRB2 and DRB.

[0190] When selecting a CAPC for a DRB, the base station takes into account the 5QI of all QoS flows multiplexed into the DRB, while also considering fairness between other traffic types and transmissions. Table 18 shows which CAPC should be used for a standardized 5QI, i.e., the CAPC to be used for a given QoS flow. For standardized 5QI, CAPC is defined as shown in the table below, and for non-standardized 5QI, the CAPC with the most suitable QoS characteristics should be used.

[0191] [Table 18]

[0192] Table 19 shows the m by channel connection priority class in DL. p , minimum contention window (CW), maximum CW, maximum channel occupancy time (MCOT), and allowed CW sizes are different examples.

[0193] [Table 19]

[0194] Refer to Table 19 to define the CWS (contention window size) and maximum COT value for each CAPC. For example, T d =T f +m p *T sl It could be.

[0195] Table 20 shows the channel access priority classes in the UL. p, minimum contention window (CW), maximum CW, maximum channel occupancy time (MCOT), and allowed CW sizes are different examples.

[0196] [Table 20]

[0197] Refer to Table 20 to define the CWS (contention window size) and maximum COT value for each CAPC. For example, T d =T f +m p *T sl It could be.

[0198] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, when a terminal occupies a channel through TYPE 1 SL channel access, the terminal may not be ready to transmit a sidelink transmission. In this case, the terminal may configure a defer duration of T_d length and a sensing interval of T_sl length immediately before the sidelink transmission it is ready to transmit. If both are busy, the terminal may immediately perform the sidelink transmission. If either one is busy, the terminal may perform TYPE 1 SL channel access again. For example, if sidelink transmission is difficult when channel sensing ends (e.g., if channel sensing ends after the start of sidelink transmission), the terminal may reselect the sidelink transmission resource. For example, the reselected resource may be selected taking into account the end time of channel sensing and / or the length of the remaining sensing interval. For example, the remaining sensing interval may be a value derived assuming that all channel sensing is busy.

[0199] On the other hand, if the energy detection threshold or maximum transmit power used within the shared COT is set more aggressively than the energy detection threshold or maximum transmit power used for COT initialization, fairness issues with other RATs may arise.

[0200] On the other hand, when a terminal performs channel sensing for a channel sensing slot and / or a defer duration, if the energy value measured for the time interval is greater than or exceeds a specific energy detection threshold, the terminal can determine that the corresponding channel or RB set is busy. If the energy value measured for the time interval is less than or equal to a specific energy detection threshold, the terminal can determine that the corresponding channel or RB set is idle.

[0201] For example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing may be (pre)configured in the terminal for each resource pool. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing may be (pre)configured in the terminal for each transmission outside and / or inside a resource pool. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing may be (pre)configured in the terminal for each QoS parameter. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing may be (pre)configured in the terminal for each CAPC. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing may be (pre)configured in the terminal for each SL priority. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing may be (pre)configured in the terminal for each transmission procedure within or outside COT (at COT initialization). And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing may be (pre)configured in the terminal for each transmission procedure within MCSt (multiple consecutive slot transmission). And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing can be (pre)configured in the terminal for each SL channel type. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing can be (pre)configured in the terminal for each RB set. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing can be (pre)configured in the terminal for each SL BWP. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing can be (pre)configured in the terminal for each SL carrier. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing can be (pre)configured in the terminal for each congestion control level. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing can be (pre)configured in the terminal for each transmission operation or reception operation. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing can be (pre)configured in the terminal for each transmission power level.And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing may be (pre)configured in the UE for each transmission start time point. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing may be (pre)configured in the UE for each channel access procedure type for transmission. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing may be (pre)configured in the UE for each LBT failure rate. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing may be (pre)configured in the UE for each COT initiator UE, COT responder UE, or other UE. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing may be (pre)configured in the UE for each cast type. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing may be (pre)configured in the UE for each whether SL HARQ-ACK feedback is activated. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing may be (pre)configured in the UE for each HARQ-ACK feedback option. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing can be (pre)configured in the terminal for each transmission attempt count for the same information or TB. For example, the energy detection threshold used by the terminal during channel sensing may be different for the S-SSB and the PSCCH / PSSCH and / or PSFCH. For example, the energy detection threshold used by the terminal during channel sensing may be different when the S-SSB overlaps in time with resources in the resource pool and when it does not overlap in time with resources in the resource pool.

[0202] For example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing may be determined based on the energy detection thresholds X_r and / or T_max+10 dB and / or the minimum value among them, defined in regulations for the channel or carrier on which the UE performs sidelink transmission. For example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing may be determined based on the minimum value among X_r and T_max+10 dB. For example, the T_max value may be 10*log10(3.16228*10^-8 (mW / MHz)*BW MHz (MHz)) or a specific predefined fixed value. For example, the BW value may be 20 or a bandwidth value for the channel or RB set (with or without a guard band) on which the UE performs sidelink transmission. For example, the method for determining the energy detection threshold may be used only when it is guaranteed that there are no transmissions of other RATs (e.g., WiFi and / or Bluetooth) and / or other links on the carrier, channel, or RB set on which the UE performs sidelink transmission, or when parameters related thereto are configured or indicated.

[0203] For example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing may be determined as a predefined value for the terminal (e.g., -72 dBm) and / or a value compensated for the predefined value depending on the bandwidth of the channel to be sensed (e.g., -72 + 10*log10(BW MHz / 20 MHz) dBm), and / or a T_max value and / or a T_A value and / or a P_H value and / or a P_TX value and / or a combination of the parameters (e.g., T_max - T_A + (P_H + 10*log10(BW MHz / 20 MHz) - P_TX)) and / or the minimum value of T_max and T_max - T_A + (P_H + 10*log10(BW MHz / 20 MHz) - P_TX) and / or the maximum value of the combination of the values. For example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing may be obtained according to Equation 1.

[0204]

number

[0205] For example, the terminal sets the energy detection threshold to X' Thresh_max X acquired based on Thresh_max Can be set to less than or equal to.

[0206] For example, the T_A value may be fixed at 10 dB. For example, the T_A value may be a value less than 10 dB (e.g., 5 dB) for S-SSB transmission. For example, the T_A value may be different for S-SSB transmissions of additional resources (e.g., for LBT failure compensation) (time-domain resources that overlap in time with a specific resource pool) and basic resources (or time-domain resources that do not overlap in time with any resource pool). For example, the T_A value may be 5 dB for S-SSB transmissions of basic resources and / or 10 dB for S-SSB transmissions of additional resources. For example, the T_A value may be less than 10 dB (e.g., 5 dB) for SL channels / signals including the broadcast PSCCH / PSSCH and / or SLCSI-RS and / or PSFCH and / or signaling related to PC5-RRC connection / release / management and / or PC5-S signaling transmission. For example, the T_A value may be different for transmissions within the COT and / or for transmissions outside the COT (eg, transmissions for COT initialization) and / or for different channel access types (Type 1, presence / absence, or by type).

[0207] 11 illustrates an example in which the T_A value is determined differently based on whether the transmission appears within the COT and / or the channel access type, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 11 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0208] Referring to FIG. 11, the terminal may acquire the COT interval. For example, the terminal may generate the COT interval based on channel access type 1. For example, the terminal may receive information related to the COT interval from another terminal. In this case, for example, a T_A value for determining an energy detection threshold used during channel sensing outside the COT interval may be different from a T_A value for determining an energy detection threshold used during channel sensing within the COT interval. For example, a T_A value for determining an energy detection threshold used during channel sensing for SL transmission including only S-SSB outside the COT interval may be different from a T_A value for determining an energy detection threshold used during channel sensing for SL transmission within the COT interval. In this case, for example, channel sensing for SL transmission including only S-SSB outside the COT interval may be a type 2 SL channel access procedure (e.g., a type 2A SL channel access procedure).

[0209] For example, the T_A value for determining the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing for SL transmission including only S-SSB outside the COT interval may be 5 dB. For example, the T_A value for determining the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing for SL transmission within the COT interval may be 10 dB.

[0210] For example, the T_A value may be 5 dB for transmissions within the COT and / or 10 dB for transmissions upon COT initialization.

[0211] For example, the T_A value may be different for each PSFCH opportunity linked to the PSSCH. For example, the T_A value may increase as the number of PSFCH transmission attempts increases. This may be due to fairness of the transmission attempts with other transmissions. For example, the T_A value may decrease as the number of PSFCH transmission attempts increases. This may be due to increased PSFCH transmission probability.

[0212] For example, the P_H value may be determined according to the power class of the terminal performing channel sensing. For example, the P_TX value may be determined by the terminal based on P_CMAX,H,c. For example, the P_TX value may differ depending on the type of SL channel transmitted by the terminal. For example, the P_TX value may differ for PSCCH / PSSCH and / or PSFCH and / or S-SSB transmission. This is because the P_CMAX,H,c value is determined for the PSCCH / PSSCH by a maximum transmit power value (pre-set) in a resource pool and / or a power value determined by the terminal's power class and / or regulations, and / or for the PSFCH by the sum of maximum transmit power values ​​(pre-set) in resource pool(s) transmitted when the PSFCH is active and / or a power value determined by the terminal's power class and / or regulations, and / or for the S-SSB by a power value determined by the terminal's power class and / or regulations. For example, the P_TX value may be different for transmissions for time domains belonging to a resource pool and transmissions for time domains not belonging to the resource pool. For example, the method of determining the energy detection threshold may be used only when it is not guaranteed that there are no transmissions of other RATs (e.g., WiFi and / or Bluetooth) and / or other links on the carrier, channel, or RB set on which sidelink transmission occurs for the UE, or when related parameters are not configured or indicated. For example, the P_TX value may be a maximum sidelink transmission power (pre-set) according to a congestion control level. On the other hand, considering COT sharing, the energy detection threshold and / or the corresponding (maximum) transmission power value may need to be the same. For example, the P_TX value may be (pre-set) for each SL BWP and / or for each SL carrier. That is, in this case, the P_TX value may always be maintained the same for a resource pool or within or outside a resource pool.For example, the P_TX value may be set to the maximum value of the P_CMAX,H,c value for each resource pool configured in the terminal and / or the P_CMAX,H,c value for S-SSB or outside the resource pool and / or the P_CMAX,H,c value for simultaneous PSFCH transmission. For example, the P_TX value may be set to the minimum value of the P_CMAX,H,c value for each resource pool configured in the terminal and / or the P_CMAX,H,c value for S-SSB or outside the resource pool and / or the P_CMAX,H,c value for simultaneous PSFCH transmission. For example, the P_TX value may be set to the average value of the P_CMAX,H,c value for each resource pool configured in the terminal and / or the P_CMAX,H,c value for S-SSB or outside the resource pool and / or the P_CMAX,H,c value for simultaneous PSFCH transmission. For example, the P_CMAX,H,c value for simultaneous PSFCH transmission in the above example may be P_CMAX,H,c determined based on the sum of the P_EMAX,c values ​​for all resource pools to which PSFCH resources are configured. For example, the (transmission) resource pool between the COT initializing terminal (transmission) and the COT using terminal (transmission) is limited to being the same.

[0213] For example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing may be a value determined by the terminal plus a specific offset value. For example, the energy detection threshold used during channel sensing may be a value determined by the terminal minus a specific offset value. For example, the specific offset value may be pre-configured for each resource pool. And / or, for example, the specific offset value may be pre-configured for transmissions outside and / or inside a resource pool. And / or, for example, the specific offset value may be pre-configured for each QoS parameter. And / or, for example, the specific offset value may be pre-configured for each CAPC. And / or, for example, the specific offset value may be pre-configured for each SL priority. And / or, for example, the specific offset value may be pre-configured for each COT internal or external (at COT initialization). And / or, for example, the specific offset value may be pre-configured for each MCSt (multiple consecutive slot transmission) transmission procedure. And / or, for example, the specific offset value may be pre-configured for each SL channel type. And / or, for example, the specific offset value can be (pre)configured for each RB set. And / or, for example, the specific offset value can be (pre)configured for each SL BWP. And / or, for example, the specific offset value can be (pre)configured for each SL carrier. And / or, for example, the specific offset value can be (pre)configured for each congestion control level. And / or, for example, the specific offset value can be (pre)configured for each transmission operation or reception operation. And / or, for example, the specific offset value can be (pre)configured for each transmission power level. And / or, for example, the specific offset value can be (pre)configured for each transmission start time point. And / or, for example, the specific offset value can be (pre)configured for each channel access procedure type for transmission.And / or, for example, the specific offset value may be (pre)configured for each LBT failure rate. And / or, for example, the specific offset value may be (pre)configured for each UE, whether it is a COT initiator UE, a COT responder UE, or other UEs. And / or, for example, the specific offset value may be (pre)configured for each cast type. And / or, for example, the specific offset value may be (pre)configured for each SL HARQ-ACK feedback activation status. And / or, for example, the specific offset value may be (pre)configured for each HARQ-ACK feedback option. And / or, for example, the specific offset value may be (pre)configured for each number of transmission attempts for the same information or TB.

[0214] For example, in the case of NACK-only feedback and / or groupcast PSSCH with HARQ-ACK feedback option 1, if a PSCCH / PSSCH transmitting terminal fails to detect a PSFCH for the PSSCH for all or some of a plurality of PSFCH occasions linked to the PSSCH, the transmitting terminal can determine an ACK for the PSSCH. For example, if the PSCCH / PSSCH transmitting terminal fails to detect NACK-only feedback for the groupcast PSSCH for the (pre-)set number of PSFCH occasions, the transmitting terminal can determine an ACK for the PSSCH.

[0215] On the other hand, fairness issues may arise in unlicensed or shared spectrum if the first energy detection threshold and / or the first (maximum) transmit power value corresponding to said threshold used during COT initialization and / or used for Type 1 channel access procedure is different from the second energy detection threshold and / or the second (maximum) transmit power value corresponding to said threshold used when sharing / using COT and / or used for Type 2 channel access procedure and / or if the second (maximum) transmit power value is greater than the first (maximum) transmit power value.

[0216] For example, the energy detection threshold for a terminal itself when initializing the COT and / or for transmissions outside the COT and / or when performing a Type 1 channel access procedure may be different from the energy detection threshold for transmissions inside the COT and / or when performing a Type 2 sequence channel access procedure.

[0217] For example, the UE may set the second energy detection threshold used when sharing / using COT and / or performing a Type 2 sequence channel access procedure to be the same as and / or smaller than the first energy detection threshold used when initializing the shared COT. For example, the UE may indicate / set the first energy detection threshold from a COT-initializing UE and / or a third UE, and / or indicate / set the second energy detection threshold and / or the maximum or minimum value of the threshold. For example, a COT-initializing UE may provide COT sharing information and / or energy detection threshold information at COT initialization and / or maximum energy detection threshold information of the COT-initializing UE to other UEs. For example, when a COT-responding UE shares the COT based on the EDT (energy detection threshold) information, it may set an EDT setting and / or (maximum) TX power for transmission within the COT interval based thereon. For example, a method for deriving the (maximum) TX power from the EDT information may be to convert the EDT to TX power based on an energy detection procedure of the COT responding UE. For example, a method for deriving the (maximum) TX power from the EDT information may be to convert the EDT to TX power based on an energy detection procedure of the COT initiator UE. To this end, the COT initiator UE may provide the COT responding UE with the SL channel type and / or (transmission) resource pool and / or whether transmission is possible inside or outside the resource pool for the COT initialization. Alternatively, the above information may be (pre)configured.

[0218] For example, when a terminal shares / uses a COT and / or transmits a sidelink channel / signal via a type-2 channel access procedure, the terminal may set the second (maximum) transmit power value of the sidelink channel / signal to be equal to and / or smaller than the first (maximum) transmit power value of the SL channel / signal when initializing the shared COT. For example, the terminal may indicate / set the first (maximum) transmit power value from a COT-initializing terminal and / or a third terminal, and / or indicate / set the second (maximum) transmit power value and / or the maximum or minimum value of the power value. For example, when a terminal shares a COT, the terminal may infer the first (maximum) transmit power value through a combination of the used SL channel / signal and / or the SL resource pool from which the SL channel / signal is transmitted, etc.

[0219] For example, when a terminal shares / uses a COT and / or transmits a second (maximum) transmission power value of a sidelink channel / signal via a Type 2 sequence channel access procedure, the terminal may set the second (maximum) transmission power value to be equal to and / or smaller than a reference transmission power value derived from or corresponding to a first energy detection threshold used when initializing the shared COT. For example, the terminal may instruct / set the first energy detection threshold from a COT-initializing terminal and / or a third terminal, and / or may instruct / set the second (maximum) transmission power value and / or the maximum or minimum value of the power value.

[0220] For example, the second energy detection threshold and / or the second (maximum) transmit power value and / or the upper limit for the second energy detection threshold and / or the upper limit for the second (maximum) transmit power value for a sidelink channel / signal transmitted by a terminal when the terminal shares / uses COT and / or via a type 2 sequence channel access procedure may differ depending on the SL channel type for COT initialization and / or the SL channel type for COT sharing / use and / or the (transmission and / or reception) resource pool for the SL channel for COT initialization and / or the (transmission and / or reception) resource pool for the SL channel for COT sharing / use and / or the (transmission and / or reception) resource pool for the SL channel for COT sharing / use and / or may be (pre)configured and / or indicated by L1 or L2 signaling.

[0221] On the other hand, the terminal may perform transmissions via multiple RB sets and / or the EDT values ​​for the multiple RB sets may be different. For example, in the above situation, the terminal may limit / set the maximum transmit power based on the EDT value for a specific RB set and / or perform a channel access attempt based on the specific EDT value. For example, the specific RB set may be the RB set with the EDT value corresponding to the highest and / or lowest maximum transmit power and / or the average value for the multiple RB sets. For example, the EDT value may be determined for each RB set based on the transmit power (within the RB set) and / or based on (pre)configured parameters and / or based on (pre)configured parameters for COT sharing.

[0222] For example, COT sharing / use may occur when the terminal's SL channel / signal satisfies the COT sharing / use conditions (e.g., when the CAPC value is less than or equal to the CAPC value for COT initialization and / or when transmitting with (at least) the COT-initializing terminal as the receiving terminal).

[0223] For example, when a terminal shares the COT it initialized / acquired with other terminals, the COT may be the EDT value for the (pre)configured COT sharing and / or a value lower than that, based on which the terminal performed channel sensing.

[0224] For example, if a terminal receives shared COT information from another terminal, and / or if the terminal is a target for the shared COT, and / or if the CAPC value for the terminal's transmission is less than or equal to the CAPC value used when initializing the shared COT, and / or if the receiving terminal of at least one terminal's transmission is the terminal that initialized the COT, the terminal can decide to transmit an SL channel using the shared COT and / or can change the power value for the SL channel transmission by the EDT value for the shared COT.

[0225] For example, if a terminal receives shared COT information from another terminal, and / or if the terminal is a target for the shared COT, and / or if the CAPC value for the terminal's transmission is less than or equal to the CAPC value used when initializing the shared COT, and / or if the receiving terminal of at least one terminal's transmission is the terminal that initialized the COT, the terminal may use the shared COT if the power value for the SL channel transmission is less than or equal to the maximum power value according to the EDT value for the shared COT, and the terminal may not use the shared COT if the power value exceeds or is greater than the maximum power value.

[0226] For example, whether a terminal that receives shared COT information controls power (additionally) based on the EDT for the COT for using the shared COT or determines the use of the shared COT based on the power value of the terminal is determined by the implementation of the terminal and / or (pre)configured and / or instructed by the COT initializing terminal.

[0227] For example, when initializing the COT for UE-to-UE COT sharing, the EDT value to be used may be (pre)configured for each L1 priority value and / or CAPC value for the SL channel. And / or, for example, when initializing the COT for UE-to-UE COT sharing, the EDT value to be used may be (pre)configured for each (transmission and / or reception) resource pool. And / or, for example, when initializing the COT for UE-to-UE COT sharing, the EDT value to be used may be (pre)configured for each SL channel type. And / or, for example, when initializing the COT for UE-to-UE COT sharing, the EDT value to be used may be (pre)configured for each number of RB sets or RB set combinations constituting the shared COT. And / or, for example, when initializing the COT for UE-to-UE COT sharing, the EDT value to be used may be (pre)configured for each congestion control level. And / or, for example, when initializing COT for UE-to-UE COT sharing, the EDT value used can be (pre)configured according to the L1 priority value and / or CAPC value for the SL channel that can use COT.

[0228] On the other hand, in order to improve detection performance, the terminal may set the (maximum) transmission power value for the SL channel / signal within the COT interval to be greater than the first (maximum) transmission power value of the SL channel / signal and / or the reference transmission power value corresponding to the first energy detection threshold used in COT initialization.

[0229] For example, if the terminal sets / uses a (maximum) transmit power value for an SL channel / signal within the COT interval that is greater than the first (maximum) transmit power value for the SL channel / signal at COT initialization and / or a reference transmit power value corresponding to the first energy detection threshold used at COT initialization, and / or if the terminal uses a second energy detection threshold for an SL channel / signal within the COT interval that is greater than the first energy detection threshold at COT initialization, the terminal may use the Type 1 channel access procedure when attempting transmission for the SL channel / signal. For example, in the above situation, the terminal may cancel COT sharing / use.

[0230] For example, if the UE sets / uses a (maximum) transmit power value for an SL channel / signal within a COT interval that is greater than a first (maximum) transmit power value for the SL channel / signal at COT initialization and / or a reference transmit power value corresponding to a first energy detection threshold used at COT initialization, when the UE attempts transmission for the SL channel / signal and / or if the UE uses a second energy detection threshold for the SL channel / signal within the COT interval that is greater than the first energy detection threshold at COT initialization, the UE may limit the length of the transmission time interval of an SL channel / signal that shares / uses COT to a certain level or less and / or to a specific SL channel type. For example, the certain level may be set differently depending on the subcarrier spacing (SCS). For example, the certain level may be 2, 4, or 8 symbol intervals for SCS=15, 30, or 60 kHz, respectively. For example, the SL channel type may be PSFCH and / or S-SSB.

[0231] For example, if the terminal sets / uses a (maximum) transmission power value for an SL channel / signal within a COT interval greater than the first (maximum) transmission power value of the SL channel / signal at COT initialization and / or a reference transmission power value corresponding to the first energy detection threshold used at COT initialization, when the terminal attempts transmission for the SL channel / signal and / or if the terminal uses a second energy detection threshold for the SL channel / signal within the COT interval to a value greater than the first energy detection threshold at COT initialization, unicast PSCCH / PSSCH and / or user plane data can be excluded if they are included in the SL channel / signal that shares / uses the COT.

[0232] For example, the UE may increase and / or decrease the energy detection threshold depending on the channel sensing result and / or LBT success or failure and / or ratio for previous transmission(s). For example, the UE may decrease the energy detection threshold when performing channel sensing due to an LBT failure and / or an increase in the LBT failure ratio. The benefit of this is that the UE is more likely to determine the channel sensing result correctly in subsequent transmissions.

[0233] For example, when a terminal performs channel sensing for an SL burst transmission and / or an SL channel / signal transmission over multiple consecutive slots, the energy detection threshold may be determined based on the maximum value among the (maximum) transmit power values ​​for the multiple SL channels / signals. For example, the SL channel / signal for determining the maximum value may be the maximum value for all or some of the SL channels / signals within the SL burst transmission depending on the processing time of the terminal. For example, when a terminal performs channel sensing for an SL burst transmission and / or an SL channel / signal transmission over multiple consecutive slots, the energy detection threshold may be determined based on the minimum value among the energy detection thresholds for the multiple SL channels / signals.

[0234] For example, the energy detection threshold for an SL transmission burst can be derived based on the maximum value of the (maximum) power values ​​for the transmissions constituting the SL transmission burst. For example, a reference EDT for an SL TX burst can be (pre)configured, and / or a reference (maximum) transmit power for deriving the EDT can be (pre)configured. For example, the transmit power value for a transmission within an SL TX burst can be set to be smaller than and / or equal to a power value corresponding to the energy detection threshold referenced / used during channel access for the SL TX burst. For example, when the UE generates an SL transmission burst and / or multiple consecutive slot transmissions (MCSt) in a resource (re)selection process, the UE can determine whether and how to configure the SL transmission burst and / or MCSt based on the (reference) energy detection threshold and / or the (maximum) transmit power for each transmission. For example, when selecting transmission resources constituting an SL transmission burst and / or MCSt according to an energy detection threshold and / or (maximum) transmission power value for the SL transmission burst and / or MCSt, the terminal may prioritize transmissions with an energy detection threshold less than or equal to the energy detection threshold and / or may prioritize transmissions with a transmission power value less than or equal to the (maximum) transmission power value or the transmission power value corresponding to the energy detection threshold.

[0235] For example, the maximum transmission power value may be a power value for regulation and / or a maximum transmission power value set in a resource pool and / or a value determined via a power class of a terminal.

[0236] For example, the maximum transmission power value may be a value selected by the terminal between an upper limit value determined through a power value for regulation and / or a maximum transmission power value set in a resource pool and / or a power class of the terminal, and a lower limit value determined through a power value for regulation and / or a maximum transmission power value set in a resource pool and / or a power class of the terminal and / or a maximum power reduction ratio (MPR) and / or an additional tolerance, etc.

[0237] For example, the maximum transmission power value may be the maximum sidelink transmission power (pre-)configured by the congestion control level.

[0238] For example, transmission attempts using a Type 2 sequence of channel access procedures may again be divided into transmissions with COT sharing and / or transmissions with short control signaling exemption, which may be handled differently.

[0239] For example, a terminal (COT-R (COT-responded) UE) that receives COT sharing information from another terminal (COT-I (COT-initiator) UE) can omit channel sensing and / or use a Type 2 series of channel access procedure through COT sharing only when the groupcast PSCCH / PSSCH and / or broadcast PSCCH / PSSCH (when the COT-I UE is included as a recipient) does not contain user plane data. For example, a COT-R UE that receives COT sharing information from a COT-I UE can omit channel sensing and / or use a Type 2 series of channel access procedure through COT sharing even when a unicast PSCCH / PSSCH transmission that does not contain user plane data has a terminal other than the COT-I UE as a recipient. For example, a COT-R UE can determine whether to share / use COT based on the presence or absence of user plane data and / or control plane data (e.g., PC5-RRC, PC5-S signaling and / or DCR (direct communication request), DCA (direct communication accept) messages, discovery, etc.) and / or a third criterion (e.g., in a logical channel indicated / (pre)configured as user plane data).

[0240] The embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied in the above-mentioned combinations depending on whether transmission is within or outside the COT (Channel Occupancy Time). The embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied in the above-mentioned combinations depending on the type of COT (e.g., whether it is semi-static or time-varying). The embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied in the above-mentioned combinations depending on the carrier, whether a guard exists between RB sets, or by regulation.

[0241] For example, the channel access type and indication / method may be applied differently for each SL channel, for example, the channel access type and indication / method may be applied differently depending on the type of information included in the SL channel.

[0242] Embodiments of the present disclosure may vary and / or be (pre)configured by resource pool and / or by transmission outside and / or inside a resource pool and / or by QoS parameters and / or by CAPC and / or by SL priority and / or by COT inside or outside (at COT initialization) and / or by transmission procedure within MCSt and / or by SL channel type and / or by RB set and / or by SL BWP and / or by SL carrier and / or by congestion control level and / or by transmission or reception operation and / or by transmission power level and / or by transmission start time and / or by channel access procedure type for transmission and / or by LBT failure rate and / or by whether the UE is a COT initiator UE or a COT responded UE or other UE and / or by cast type and / or by whether SL HARQ-ACK feedback is activated and / or by HARQ-ACK feedback option and / or by the number of transmission attempts for the same information or TB. For example, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, (pre)configuration may be performed per resource pool and / or per transmission outside and / or inside a resource pool and / or per QoS parameter and / or per CAPC and / or per SL priority and / or per COT inside or outside (at COT initialization) and / or per transmission procedure within MCSt and / or per SL channel type and / or per RB set and / or per SL BWP and / or per SL carrier and / or per congestion control level and / or per transmission or reception operation and / or per transmission power level and / or per transmission start time and / or per channel access procedure type for transmission and / or per LBT failure rate and / or per UE whether it is a COT initiator UE, a COT responded UE or other UE and / or per cast type and / or per whether SL HARQ-ACK feedback is activated and / or per HARQ-ACK feedback option and / or per number of transmission attempts for the same information or TB.

[0243] 12 illustrates a method for a first device to communicate wirelessly according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 12 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0244] Referring to FIG. 12, in step S1210, the first device may acquire a channel occupancy time (COT). In step S1220, the first device may set an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is vacant. In step S1230, the first device may perform a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold. In step S1240, the first device may perform a sidelink (SL) transmission. For example, the energy detection threshold may be set based on T_A, and the T_A may be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

[0245] For example, the SL transmission may include a sidelink-synchronization signal block (S-SSB). For example, the T_A may be determined differently based on whether the SL transmission including the S-SSB appears outside the COT.

[0246] For example, based on the SL transmission including the S-SSB appearing outside the COT, the T_A may be 5 dB. For example, the channel access procedure for the SL transmission including the S-SSB may be a Type 2A SL channel access procedure. For example, based on the first device being instructed to perform the Type 2A SL channel access procedure, the first device may sense the channel for the SL transmission including the S-SSB for a 25 us sensing interval.

[0247] For example, the T_A may be 10 dB, based on the SL transmission appearing within the COT.

[0248] For example, the energy detection threshold may be set based on a value obtained by subtracting T_A from T_max. For example, T_max may be 10·log10(3.16228·10-8(mW / MHz)·BW MHz(MHz)). For example, BW may be the channel bandwidth. For example, the energy detection threshold may be set based on the maximum value of the value obtained by subtracting T_A from T_max and -72+10·log10(BW MHz / 20 MHz) (dBm).

[0249] For example, the COT can be initialized by the first device, and information related to the COT can be transmitted from the first device to the second device. For example, a first energy detection threshold used by the first device for channel access and a second energy detection threshold used by the second device for channel access can be equal. For example, the maximum allowed transmit power of the second device can be determined based on the second energy detection threshold.

[0250] For example, the information related to the COT is received from a second device.

[0251] The proposed method can be applied to devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, the processor 102 of the first device 100 can acquire a channel occupancy time (COT). Then, the processor 102 of the first device 100 can set an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is vacant. Then, the processor 102 of the first device 100 can perform a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold. Then, the processor 102 of the first device 100 can control the transceiver 106 to perform a sidelink (SL) transmission. For example, the energy detection threshold can be set based on T_A, and the T_A can be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

[0252] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a first device configured to perform wireless communication. For example, the first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: acquire a channel occupancy time (COT); set an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is vacant; perform a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and perform a sidelink (SL) transmission. For example, the energy detection threshold may be set based on a time interval (T_A), and the time interval (T_A) may be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the time interval (COT).

[0253] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a first device is provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and configured to store instructions. For example, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to: acquire a channel occupancy time (COT); set an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is vacant; perform a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and perform a sidelink (SL) transmission. For example, the energy detection threshold may be set based on a time interval (T_A), and the time interval (T_A) may be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the time interval (COT).

[0254] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions may be provided. For example, the instructions, when executed, may cause a first device to: acquire a channel occupancy time (COT); set an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is vacant; perform a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and perform a sidelink (SL) transmission. For example, the energy detection threshold may be set based on T_A, and the T_A may be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

[0255] 13 illustrates a method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 13 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0256] Referring to FIG. 13, in step S1310, a second device may acquire a channel occupancy time (COT). In step S1320, the second device may receive a sidelink (SL) transmission from a first device. For example, a channel access procedure may be performed by the first device based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is vacant. For example, the energy detection threshold may be set by the first device based on T_A. For example, the T_A may be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

[0257] The proposed method can be applied to devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, the processor 202 of the second device 200 can acquire a channel occupancy time (COT). Then, the processor 202 of the second device 200 can control the transceiver 206 to receive a sidelink (SL) transmission from the first device. For example, a channel access procedure can be performed by the first device based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is vacant. For example, the energy detection threshold can be set by the first device based on T_A. For example, the T_A can be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

[0258] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a second device configured to perform wireless communication. For example, the second device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions may be executed by the at least one processor to cause the second device to: acquire a channel occupancy time (COT); and receive a sidelink (SL) transmission from a first device. For example, a channel access procedure may be performed by the first device based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is vacant. For example, the energy detection threshold may be set by the first device based on T_A. For example, the T_A may be determined based on whether the SL transmission appears outside the COT.

[0259] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a second device is provided. For example, the processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and configured to store instructions. For example, the instructions may be executed by the at least one processor to cause the second device to: acquire a channel occupancy time (COT); and receive a sidelink (SL) transmission from a first device. For example, a channel access procedure may be performed by the first device based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is vacant. For example, the energy detection threshold may be set by the first device based on T_A. For example, the T_A may be determined based on whether the SL transmission appears outside the COT.

[0260] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon instructions is provided. For example, the instructions, when executed, may cause a second device to: acquire a channel occupancy time (COT); and receive a sidelink (SL) transmission from a first device. For example, a channel access procedure may be performed by the first device based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is vacant. For example, the energy detection threshold may be set by the first device based on T_A. For example, the T_A may be determined based on whether the SL transmission appears outside the COT.

[0261] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal that initializes and shares a COT and a terminal that uses a shared COT can perform an LBT operation based on a (pre)configured EDT value. For example, a terminal that uses a shared COT can adjust its maximum power accordingly. For example, in the case of S-SSB transmission, different T_A values ​​can be used when inside and outside the COT. This can ensure fairness between other RATs when sharing the COT. In addition, in the case of S-SSB transmission, a transmission opportunity can be obtained outside the COT while the same standard T_A value can be used inside the COT, thereby avoiding fairness issues.

[0262] Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be intercombined.

[0263] An apparatus to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied will be described below.

[0264] Without being limited thereto, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operational flow diagrams disclosed in this document may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connection between devices (e.g., 5G).

[0265] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following drawings and description, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals in the same drawings may represent the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or function blocks.

[0266] 14 illustrates a communication system 1 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 14 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0267] 14, a communication system 1 to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes wireless devices, base stations, and a network. Here, the wireless devices refer to devices that perform communication using wireless connection technologies (e.g., 5G New RAT (NR) and Long Term Evolution (LTE)) and are referred to as communication / wireless / 5G devices. Without being limited thereto, the wireless devices may include a robot 100a, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2, an XR (eXtended Reality) device 100c, a handheld device 100d, a home appliance 100e, an IoT (Internet of Things) device 100f, and an AI device / server 400. For example, the vehicles may include vehicles equipped with wireless communication capabilities, autonomous vehicles, vehicles capable of performing inter-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicles may include unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (e.g., drones). XR devices include Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), and Mixed Reality (MR) devices, and may be embodied in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) installed in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. Mobile devices may include smartphones, smart pads, wearable devices (e.g., smart watches, smart glasses), computers (e.g., notebooks, etc.), etc. Home appliances may include TVs, refrigerators, washing machines, etc. IoT devices may include sensors, smart meters, etc. For example, a base station or network may be embodied as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device 200a may operate as a base station / network node for other wireless devices.

[0268] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f in this specification may include not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also Narrowband Internet of Things (NIT) for low-power communication. Here, for example, NB-IoT technology is an example of Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technology and may be implemented as standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-mentioned names. Furthermore, or generally, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f in this specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. Here, for example, LTE-M technology is an example of LPWAN technology and is referred to by various names such as enhanced Machine Type Communication (eMTC). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented by at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-mentioned names. Additionally, or generally, the wireless communication technology implemented in wireless devices 100a-100f herein may include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth (registered trademark), and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN), which are considered low-power communications, but are not limited to the above names. As an example, ZigBee technology is based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4 and can create personal area networks (PANs) related to small / low-power digital communications, and is referred to by various names.

[0269] The wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to a network 300 via a base station 200. Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology may be applied to the wireless devices 100a to 100f, and the wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to an AI server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 may be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. The wireless devices 100a to 100f may communicate with each other via the base station 200 / network 300, or may communicate directly with each other (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station / network. For example, the vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 may communicate directly with each other (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to Everything) communication). Furthermore, an IoT device (for example, a sensor) can directly communicate with another IoT device (for example, a sensor) or another wireless device 100a to 100f.

[0270] Wireless communication / connections 150a, 150b, and 150c can be established between the wireless devices 100a to 100f and the base station 200, and between the base stations 200. Here, the wireless communication / connections may be performed via various wireless connection technologies (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication 150a, sidelink communication 150b (or D2D communication), and communication between base stations 150c (e.g., relay, Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB)). Through the wireless communication / connections 150a, 150b, and 150c, wireless devices and base stations, and base stations, can transmit / receive wireless signals to / from each other. For example, the wireless communication / connections 150a, 150b, and 150c can transmit / receive signals via various physical channels. To this end, based on various proposals of the present disclosure, at least some of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), resource allocation processes, etc. may be performed.

[0271] 15 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 15 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0272] 15, a first wireless device 100 and a second wireless device 200 may transmit and receive wireless signals via various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR), where {first wireless device 100, second wireless device 200} may correspond to {wireless device 100x, base station 200} and / or {wireless device 100x, wireless device 100x} in FIG.

[0273] The first wireless device 100 includes one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and may additionally include one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processor 102 may be configured to control the memory 104 and / or the transceiver 106 to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the processor 102 may process information in the memory 104 to generate first information / signal and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver 106. The processor 102 may also receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via the transceiver 106 and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory 104. The memory 104 may be coupled to the processor 102 and may store various information related to the operation of the processor 102. For example, the memory 104 may store software code including instructions for executing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor 102 or for implementing the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. Here, the processor 102 and the memory 104 are part of a communications modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver 106 may be coupled to the processor 102 and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas 108. The transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver 106 may be referred to as a radio frequency (RF) unit. In this disclosure, a wireless device may also refer to a communications modem / circuit / chip.

[0274] The second wireless device 200 includes one or more processors 202, one or more memories 204, and may further include one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processor 202 may be configured to control the memory 204 and / or the transceiver 206 to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the processor 202 may process information in the memory 204 to generate third information / signal and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information / signal via the transceiver 206. The processor 202 may also receive a wireless signal including fourth information / signal via the transceiver 206 and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information / signal in the memory 204. The memory 204 may be coupled to the processor 202 and may store various information related to the operation of the processor 202. For example, the memory 204 may store software code including instructions for executing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor 202 or for implementing the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. Here, the processor 202 and the memory 204 are part of a communications modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver 206 may be coupled to the processor 202 and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas 208. The transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver and may be referred to as an RF unit. In this disclosure, a wireless device may also refer to a communications modem / circuit / chip.

[0275] The hardware elements of the wireless devices 100, 200 will be described in more detail below. Without limitation, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors 102, 202. For example, one or more processors 102, 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). The one or more processors 102, 202 may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) in accordance with the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. The one or more processors 102, 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information in accordance with the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. The one or more processors 102, 202 can generate and provide signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the functions, procedures, suggestions, and / or methods disclosed herein to the one or more transceivers 106, 206. The one or more processors 102, 202 can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from the one or more transceivers 106, 206 and obtain the PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flow diagrams disclosed herein.

[0276] The one or more processors 102, 202 may be referred to as a controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or microcomputer. The one or more processors 102, 202 may be implemented using hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in the one or more processors 102, 202. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein may be implemented using firmware or software configured to be executed by one or more processors 102, 202, or stored in one or more memories 104, 204 and run by one or more processors 102, 202. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, instructions, and / or collections of instructions.

[0277] One or more memories 104, 204 may be coupled to one or more processors 102, 202 and may store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories 104, 204 may comprise ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. The one or more memories 104, 204 may be located internal and / or external to the one or more processors 102, 202. The one or more memories 104, 204 may also be coupled to the one or more processors 102, 202 via various techniques, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0278] One or more transceivers 106, 206 can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as referenced in the methods and / or operational flowcharts herein to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106, 206 can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as referenced in the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106, 206 can be coupled to one or more processors 102, 202 and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors 102, 202 can control one or more transceivers 106, 206 to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Also, one or more processors 102, 202 can control one or more transceivers 106, 206 to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Furthermore, one or more transceivers 106, 206 may be coupled to one or more antennas 108, 208 and configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein via one or more antennas 108, 208. In this document, one or more antennas may refer to multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers 106, 206 may convert received radio signals / channels, etc., from RF band signals to baseband signals for processing using one or more processors 102, 202. One or more transceivers 106, 206 may convert user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., processed using one or more processors 102, 202, from baseband signals to RF band signals. To this end, one or more transceivers 106, 206 may include an (analog) oscillator and / or a filter.

[0279] 16 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 16 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0280] Referring to FIG. 16, a signal processing circuit 1000 may include a scrambler 1010, a modulator 1020, a layer mapper 1030, a precoder 1040, a resource mapper 1050, and a signal generator 1060. Without being limited thereto, the operations / functions of FIG. 16 may be performed by the processors 102 and 202 and / or the transceivers 106 and 206 of FIG. 15. The hardware elements of FIG. 16 may be embodied in the processors 102 and 202 and / or the transceivers 106 and 206 of FIG. 15. For example, blocks 1010 to 1060 may be embodied in the processors 102 and 202 of FIG. 15. Furthermore, blocks 1010 to 1050 may be embodied in the processors 102 and 202 of FIG. 15, and block 1060 may be embodied in the transceivers 106 and 206 of FIG. 15.

[0281] The codeword can be converted into a radio signal via the signal processing circuit 1000 of FIG. 16. Here, the codeword is an encoded bit sequence of an information block. The information block can include a transmission block (e.g., a UL-SCH transmission block, a DL-SCH transmission block). The radio signal can be transmitted via various physical channels (e.g., a PUSCH, a PDSCH).

[0282] Specifically, the codeword may be converted into a scrambled bit sequence by the scrambler 1010. The scrambling sequence used for scrambling may be generated based on an initialization value, which may include ID information of the wireless device. The scrambled bit sequence may be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by the modulator 1020. Modulation schemes may include pi / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying (pi / 2-BPSK), m-Phase Shift Keying (m-PSK), m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (m-QAM), etc. The complex modulation symbol sequence may be mapped to one or more transmission layers by the layer mapper 1030. The modulation symbols of each transmission layer may be mapped to corresponding antenna port(s) by the precoder 1040 (precoding). The output z of the precoder 1040 is obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper 1030 by an N*M precoding matrix W. Here, N is the number of antenna ports, and M is the number of transmission layers. Here, the precoder 1040 may perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT) on complex modulation symbols. Alternatively, the precoder 1040 may perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0283] The resource mapper 1050 can map modulation symbols for each antenna port to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources can include multiple symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. The signal generator 1060 generates wireless signals from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated wireless signals can be transmitted to other devices via each antenna. To this end, the signal generator 1060 can include an inverse fast fourier Transform (IFFT) module, a cyclic prefix (CP) inserter, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, etc.

[0284] In a wireless device, the signal processing process for a received signal may be configured as the inverse of the signal processing processes 1010 to 1060 in FIG. 16. For example, a wireless device (e.g., 100 or 200 in FIG. 15) may receive a wireless signal from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received wireless signal may be converted to a baseband signal by a signal restorer. To this end, the signal restorer may include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) module. Thereafter, the baseband signal may be restored to a codeword through a resource demapper process, a postcoding process, a demodulation process, and a descrambling process. The codeword may be restored to the original information block through decoding. Therefore, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for the received signal may include a signal restorer, a resource demapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a descrambler, and a decoder.

[0285] 17 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see FIG. 14). The embodiment of FIG. 17 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0286] 17, wireless devices 100 and 200 correspond to the wireless devices 100 and 200 of FIG. 15 and may be configured with various elements, components, units, and / or modules. For example, the wireless devices 100 and 200 may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, and additional elements 140. The communication unit may include a communication circuit 112 and transceiver(s) 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 may include one or more processors 102 and 202 and / or one or more memories 104 and 204 of FIG. 17. For example, the transceiver(s) 114 may include one or more transceivers 106 and 206 and / or one or more antennas 108 and 208 of FIG. 15. The control unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit 110, the memory unit 130, and the additional elements 140 and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit 120 can control the electrical / mechanical operations of the wireless device based on the programs / codes / instructions / information stored in the memory unit 130. In addition, the control unit 120 can transmit information stored in the memory unit 130 to an external device (e.g., another communication device) via the communication unit 110 via a wireless / wired interface, or can store information received from an external device (e.g., another communication device) via the communication unit 110 via a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit 130.

[0287] The additional element 140 may be configured in various ways depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the additional element 140 may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output unit (I / O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit. Without being limited thereto, the wireless device may be embodied in the form of a robot (100a in FIG. 14), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2 in FIG. 14), an XR device (100c in FIG. 14), a mobile device (100d in FIG. 14), a home appliance (100e in FIG. 14), an IoT device (100f in FIG. 14), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a FinTech device (or a financial device), a security device, a climate / environment device, an AI server / device (400 in FIG. 14), a base station (200 in FIG. 14), a network node, etc. The wireless device may be mobile or fixed depending on the use case / service.

[0288] 17, various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules within the wireless devices 100 and 200 may be interconnected entirely via a wired interface, or at least some of them may be connected wirelessly via the communication unit 110. For example, within the wireless devices 100 and 200, the control unit 120 and the communication unit 110 may be connected via a wire, and the control unit 120 and a first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be connected wirelessly via the communication unit 110. Furthermore, each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless devices 100 and 200 may further include one or more elements. For example, the control unit 120 may be configured as a set of one or more processors. For example, the control unit 120 may be configured as a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an ECU (Electronic Control Unit), a graphics processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit 130 may be composed of a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a read only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0289] The embodiment of FIG. 17 will now be described in more detail with reference to other drawings.

[0290] FIG. 18 illustrates a mobile device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The mobile device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a laptop). The mobile device may be referred to as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a mobile subscriber station (MSS), a subscriber station (SS), an advanced mobile station (AMS), or a wireless terminal (WT). The embodiment of FIG. 18 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0291] 18, portable device 100 may include antenna unit 108, communication unit 110, control unit 120, memory unit 130, power supply unit 140a, interface unit 140b, and input / output unit 140c. Antenna unit 108 may be configured as part of communication unit 110. Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to blocks 110 to 130 / 140 in FIG. 17, respectively.

[0292] The communication unit 110 can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) to and from other wireless devices and base stations. The control unit 120 can control the components of the portable device 100 and perform various operations. The control unit 120 can include an AP (Application Processor). The memory unit 130 can store data, parameters, programs, codes, and instructions required to operate the portable device 100. The memory unit 130 can also store input / output data / information. The power supply unit 140a supplies power to the portable device 100 and can include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The interface unit 140b can support connection between the portable device 100 and other external devices. The interface unit 140b can include various ports (e.g., audio input / output ports, video input / output ports) for connection with external devices. The input / output unit 140c can receive and output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input by a user. The input / output unit 140c may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit 140d, a speaker, and / or a haptic module.

[0293] For example, in the case of data communication, the input / output unit 140c may acquire information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input by a user, and the acquired information / signals may be stored in the memory unit 130. The communication unit 110 may convert the information / signals stored in the memory into wireless signals and transmit the converted wireless signals directly to another wireless device or to a base station. The communication unit 110 may also receive wireless signals from another wireless device or a base station and restore the received wireless signals to the original information / signals. The restored information / signals may be stored in the memory unit 130 and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) via the input / output unit 140c.

[0294] 19 illustrates a vehicle or an autonomous vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle may be a mobile robot, a car, a train, an aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, etc. The embodiment of FIG. 19 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0295] 19, a vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 may include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a drive unit 140a, a power supply unit 140b, a sensor unit 140c, and an autonomous driving unit 140d. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d correspond to blocks 110 / 130 / 140 in FIG. 17, respectively.

[0296] The communication unit 110 can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) to and from external devices such as other vehicles, base stations (e.g., base stations, roadside units, etc.), and servers. The control unit 120 can control elements of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 and perform various operations. The control unit 120 can include an ECU (Electronic Control Unit). The driving unit 140a can cause the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 to travel on the ground. The driving unit 140a can include an engine, a motor, a powertrain, wheels, brakes, a steering device, etc. The power supply unit 140b supplies power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 and can include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The sensor unit 140c can obtain vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. The sensor unit 140c may include an IMU (inertial measurement unit) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, an inclination sensor, a weight detection sensor, a heading sensor, a position module, a vehicle forward / reverse sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an illuminance sensor, a pedal position sensor, etc. The autonomous driving unit 140d may implement a technology for maintaining a lane while driving, a technology for automatically adjusting speed like adaptive cruise control, a technology for automatically driving along a predetermined route, a technology for automatically setting a route and driving when a destination is set, etc.

[0297] For example, the communication unit 110 may receive map data, traffic information data, etc. from an external server. The autonomous driving unit 140d may generate an autonomous driving route and a driving plan based on the acquired data. The control unit 120 may control the driving unit 140a (e.g., adjusting speed / direction) so that the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 moves along the autonomous driving route according to the driving plan. During autonomous driving, the communication unit 110 may non-periodically acquire the latest traffic information data from an external server and acquire surrounding traffic information data from surrounding vehicles. Also, during autonomous driving, the sensor unit 140c may acquire vehicle status and surrounding environment information. The autonomous driving unit 140d may update the autonomous driving route and the driving plan based on the newly acquired data / information. The communication unit 110 may transmit information regarding the vehicle position, autonomous driving route, driving plan, etc. to an external server. The external server may predict traffic information data in advance using AI technology based on information collected from the vehicle or autonomous vehicle and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle.

[0298] The claims described herein may be combined in various ways. For example, technical features of method claims herein may be combined and embodied in an apparatus, and technical features of apparatus claims herein may be combined and embodied in a method. Furthermore, technical features of method claims herein and technical features of apparatus claims herein may be combined and embodied in an apparatus, and technical features of method claims herein and technical features of apparatus claims herein may be combined and embodied in a method.

[0299] [Claims at the time of international application] [Claim 1] 1. A method for wireless communication by a first device, comprising: Step to acquire COT (channel occupancy time); setting an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is a rest; performing a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and performing a sidelink (SL) transmission; The energy detection threshold is set based on T_A; and The method, wherein the T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT. [Claim 2] The method of claim 1 , wherein the SL transmission comprises a sidelink-synchronization signal block (S-SSB). [Claim 3] The method of claim 2 , wherein the T_A is determined differently based on whether the SL transmission including the S-SSB appears outside the COT. [Claim 4] The method of claim 1 , wherein the T_A is 5 dB based on the SL transmission including S-SSB appearing outside the COT. [Claim 5] The method of claim 4, wherein the channel access procedure for the SL transmission including the S-SSB is a Type 2A SL channel access procedure. [Claim 6] 6. The method of claim 5, wherein, based on the first device being instructed to perform the Type 2A SL channel access procedure, the first device senses the channel for the SL transmission including the S-SSB for a 25 us sensing interval. [Claim 7] The method of claim 1 , wherein the T_A is 10 dB based on the SL transmission appearing within the COT. [Claim 8] the energy detection threshold is set based on a value obtained by subtracting the T_A from T_max; The T_max is 10 log10(3.16228 10 -8 (mW / MHz) BW MHz (MHz)), and The method of claim 1 , wherein BW is a channel bandwidth. [Claim 9] 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the energy detection threshold is set based on the maximum of a value obtained by subtracting the T_A from the T_max and −72+10·log10(BW MHz / 20 MHz) (dBm). [Claim 10] The COT is initialized by the first device; and The method of claim 1 , wherein the information related to the COT is transmitted from the first device to the second device. [Claim 11] The method of claim 10 , wherein a first energy detection threshold used by the first device for channel access and a second energy detection threshold used by the second device for channel access are the same. [Claim 12] The method of claim 11 , wherein the maximum allowed transmit power of the second device is determined based on the second energy detection threshold. [Claim 13] The method of claim 1 , wherein the information related to the COT is received from a second device. [Claim 14] a first device configured to perform wireless communication, at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory; the at least one memory is coupled to the at least one processor and stores instructions; the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform an action; The operation is Earning COT (channel occupancy time); Setting an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is a rest period; performing a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and SL (sidelink) transmission is performed; The energy detection threshold is set based on T_A; and The first device, wherein the T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission appears outside the COT. [Claim 15] a processing device configured to control a first device, at least one processor; and at least one memory; the at least one memory is coupled to the at least one processor and stores instructions; the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform an action; The operation is Earning COT (channel occupancy time); Setting an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is a rest period; performing a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and SL (sidelink) transmission is performed; The energy detection threshold is set based on T_A; and The processing device, wherein the T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission appears outside the COT. [Claim 16] A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon, the instructions, when executed, cause the first device to perform an action; The operation is Earning COT (channel occupancy time); Setting an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is a rest period; performing a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and SL (sidelink) transmission is performed; The energy detection threshold is set based on T_A; and A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein the T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission appears outside the COT. [Claim 17] 1. A method for a second device to communicate wirelessly, comprising: acquiring a channel occupancy time (COT); and receiving a sidelink (SL) transmission from the first device; a channel access procedure is performed by the first device based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is a vacant slot; the energy detection threshold is set by the first device based on T_A; and The method, wherein the T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT. [Claim 18] a second device configured to perform wireless communication, at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory; the at least one memory is coupled to the at least one processor and stores instructions; the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device to perform an action; The operation is Acquire COT (channel occupancy time); and receiving a sidelink (SL) transmission from the first device; a channel access procedure is performed by the first device based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is a vacant slot; the energy detection threshold is set by the first device based on T_A; and The second device, wherein the T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission appears outside the COT. [Claim 19] a processing device configured to control a second device, at least one processor; and at least one memory; the at least one memory is coupled to the at least one processor and stores instructions; the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device to perform an action; The operation is Acquire COT (channel occupancy time); and receiving a sidelink (SL) transmission from the first device; a channel access procedure is performed by the first device based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is a vacant slot; the energy detection threshold is set by the first device based on T_A; and The processing device, wherein the T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission appears outside the COT. [Claim 20] A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon, The instructions, when executed, cause a second device to perform an action; The operation is Acquire COT (channel occupancy time); and receiving a sidelink (SL) transmission from the first device; a channel access procedure is performed by the first device based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is a vacant slot; the energy detection threshold is set by the first device based on T_A; and A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein the T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission appears outside the COT.

Claims

1. 1. A method for wireless communication by a first device, comprising: acquiring a channel occupancy time (COT); setting an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is a resting period; performing a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and performing a sidelink (SL) transmission; The energy detection threshold is set based on T_A, and The method, wherein the T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the SL transmission comprises a sidelink-synchronization signal block (S-SSB).

3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the T_A is determined differently based on whether the SL transmission including the S-SSB appears outside the COT.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the T_A is 5 dB based on the SL transmission including S-SSB appearing outside the COT.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the channel access procedure for the SL transmission including the S-SSB is a Type 2A SL channel access procedure.

6. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein, based on the first device being instructed to perform the Type 2A SL channel access procedure, the first device senses the channel for the SL transmission including the S-SSB during a 25 us sensing interval.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the T_A is 10 dB based on the SL transmission appearing within the COT.

8. The energy detection threshold is set based on a value obtained by subtracting the T_A from T_max; The T_max is 10 log10 (3.16228 10 －８ (mW / MHz) × BW MHz (MHz)), and The method of claim 1 , wherein BW is a channel bandwidth.

9. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the energy detection threshold is set based on the maximum of a value obtained by subtracting the T_A from the T_max and −72+10·log10(BW MHz / 20 MHz)) (dBm).

10. The COT is initialized by the first device; and The method of claim 1 , wherein the information related to the COT is transmitted from the first device to a second device.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein a first energy detection threshold used by the first device for channel access and a second energy detection threshold used by the second device for channel access are the same.

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the maximum allowed transmit power of the second device is determined based on the second energy detection threshold.

13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the information related to COT is received from a second device.

14. a first device configured to perform wireless communication, at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory; the at least one memory is coupled to the at least one processor and stores instructions; the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform an action; The operation is Acquire COT (channel occupancy time); Setting an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is a resting period; performing a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and SL (sidelink) transmission is performed; The energy detection threshold is set based on T_A, and The first device, wherein the T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission appears outside the COT.

15. a processing device configured to control a first device, at least one processor; and at least one memory; the at least one memory is coupled to the at least one processor and stores instructions; the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform an action; The operation is Acquire COT (channel occupancy time); Setting an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is a resting period; performing a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and SL (sidelink) transmission is performed; The energy detection threshold is set based on T_A, and The processing device, wherein the T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission appears outside the COT.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon, the instructions, when executed, cause the first device to perform an action; The operation is Acquire COT (channel occupancy time); Setting an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is a resting period; performing a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and SL (sidelink) transmission is performed; The energy detection threshold is set based on T_A, and The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein the T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission appears outside the COT.

17. 1. A method for wireless communication by a second device, comprising: acquiring a channel occupancy time (COT); and receiving a sidelink (SL) transmission from the first device; a channel access procedure is performed by the first device based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is a resting slot; the energy detection threshold is set by the first device based on T_A; and The method, wherein the T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

18. a second device configured to perform wireless communication, at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory; the at least one memory is coupled to the at least one processor and stores instructions; the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device to perform an action; The operation is Acquire COT (channel occupancy time); and receiving a sidelink (SL) transmission from the first device; a channel access procedure is performed by the first device based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is a resting slot; the energy detection threshold is set by the first device based on T_A; and The second device, wherein the T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission appears outside the COT.

19. a processing device configured to control a second device, at least one processor; and at least one memory; the at least one memory is coupled to the at least one processor and stores instructions; the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device to perform an action; The operation is Acquire COT (channel occupancy time); and receiving a sidelink (SL) transmission from the first device; a channel access procedure is performed by the first device based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is a resting slot; the energy detection threshold is set by the first device based on T_A; and The processing device, wherein the T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission appears outside the COT.

20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon, the instructions, when executed, cause a second device to perform an action; The operation is Acquire COT (channel occupancy time); and receiving a sidelink (SL) transmission from the first device; a channel access procedure is performed by the first device based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is a resting slot; the energy detection threshold is set by the first device based on T_A; and The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein the T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission appears outside the COT.

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