Holographic optical waveguide lens and its manufacturing method

Abstract

The present application provides a holographic optical waveguide lens and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the holographic optical waveguide lens includes a first lens substrate, a second lens substrate, an internal coupling grating, an external coupling grating, a first transparent electrode, and a second transparent electrode. The first transparent electrode, the external coupling grating, and the second transparent electrode are generally divided into a plurality of subregions, and the voltage between the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode in each subregion is set according to the electro-optical response curve and diffraction efficiency of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating in that subregion. The first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode are disposed on the first lens substrate and the second lens substrate, and an adjustable voltage is applied to the external coupling grating located between the first lens substrate and the second lens substrate using the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode, thereby adjusting the diffraction efficiency of different regions of the external coupling grating and improving the uniformity of the exit pupil light.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] [CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS] This application claims priority from a Chinese patent application submitted to the China Patent Office on March 1, 2023, bearing application number 202310185938.4 and entitled "Holographic optical waveguide lens and manufacturing method thereof," the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] This application relates to the field of projection equipment technology, and more particularly to holographic light guide lenses and methods for making the same. [Background technology]

[0003] Lattice optical waveguide display technology is the mainstream development trend in the field of Augmented Reality (AR). Its principle is that light rays are internally coupled into the lens through diffraction by the grating, and the light rays propagate within the optical waveguide lens in the manner of total reflection. After encountering the external coupling grating, the light rays are diffracted from the optical waveguide lens and enter the human eye.

[0004] Ensuring uniformity of light output in the pupil expansion region is a key technology in grating waveguide AR displays. In conventional techniques, designing and manufacturing a grating whose diffraction efficiency gradually increases along the light ray propagation is a common way to improve uniformity. However, this method is not only difficult to manufacture, but also only produces gratings with gradually changing diffraction efficiency. It is not possible to accurately control the diffraction efficiency of each external coupling grating by region, resulting in insufficient uniformity of the output light. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The embodiments of the present application propose a holographic optical waveguide lens and a manufacturing method thereof to solve the above technical problems. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The embodiments of the present application achieve the above object through the following technical solutions.

[0007] According to a first aspect, the present application provides a holographic optical waveguide lens, the holographic optical waveguide lens including a first lens substrate, a second lens substrate, an internal coupling grating, an external coupling grating, a first transparent electrode, and a second transparent electrode. The first lens substrate includes a first surface. The second lens substrate includes a second surface opposite the first surface. The internal coupling grating and the external coupling grating are disposed between the first lens substrate and the second lens substrate, and both the internal coupling grating and the external coupling grating are polymer-dispersed liquid crystal holographic gratings. The first transparent electrode is formed in a region of the first surface corresponding to the external coupling grating. The second transparent electrode is formed in a region of the second surface corresponding to the external coupling grating. Here, the first transparent electrode, the external coupling grating, and the second transparent electrode are generally divided into a plurality of subregions, and the voltage between the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode in each subregion is set according to the electro-optical response curve and diffraction efficiency of the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating in that subregion.

[0008] In some embodiments, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating has a thickness of 2 um to 10 um.

[0009] In some embodiments, the internal coupling grating and the external coupling grating are arranged along a first direction, and the lengths of the external coupling grating, the first transparent electrode, and the second transparent electrode in the first direction are all equal.

[0010] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first lens substrate and the second transparent substrate is between 0.5 mm and 4 mm.

[0011] In some embodiments, the number of the plurality of sub-regions is between 5 and 15.

[0012] In some embodiments, the voltage of each sub-region is independently controlled.

[0013] According to another aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for manufacturing a holographic light guide lens, the method comprising: Adding photopolymer monomer, liquid crystal and photoinitiator into a light-shielding container and mixing them uniformly to prepare a polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating raw material; forming a first transparent electrode including a plurality of sub-regions on an area of ​​the first lens substrate corresponding to the outcoupling grid; forming a second transparent electrode including a plurality of sub-regions corresponding to the first transparent electrode on an area of ​​the second lens substrate corresponding to the external coupling grating; forming a lens intermediate by stacking the first lens substrate, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating material, and a second lens substrate, and arranging the first transparent electrode opposite the second transparent electrode; Employing a holographic exposure method to fabricate a polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating in an inner coupling grating region and an outer coupling grating region; and setting a voltage between the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode in each sub-region according to the electro-optical response curve and the diffraction efficiency of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating in each sub-region to obtain a holographic optical waveguide lens.

[0014] In some embodiments, setting the voltage between the first and second transparent electrodes in each sub-region in response to the electro-optic response curve and the diffraction efficiency of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating in each sub-region comprises: measuring the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating using a liquid crystal display parameter tester to obtain an electro-optical response curve of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating; Calculating the diffraction efficiencies required for the outcoupling gratings corresponding to the different sub-regions when the lens intermediate body reaches a uniform exit pupil; and setting a voltage between the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode in the different sub-regions based on the electro-optic response curve and the diffraction efficiency required for the outcoupling grating corresponding to the different sub-regions to obtain a holographic optical waveguide lens.

[0015] In some embodiments, calculating the diffraction efficiencies required for the outcoupling gratings corresponding to the different sub-regions when the lens intermediate body reaches a uniform exit pupil comprises: setting a predetermined diffraction efficiency corresponding to each sub-region; calculating the product of a predetermined diffraction efficiency corresponding to each sub-region and the remaining energy after outcoupling all sub-regions arranged before the sub-region in the first direction as the outcoupling energy of the sub-region; and minimizing the standard deviation of the outcoupling energy between each sub-region using a genetic algorithm to calculate the diffraction efficiency required for the outcoupling gratings corresponding to the different sub-regions.

[0016] In some embodiments, the diffraction efficiency of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating is adjustable between 5% and 99% by varying the applied voltage. [Effects of the Invention]

[0017] In the holographic optical waveguide lens and the manufacturing method thereof according to the embodiments of the present application, the holographic optical waveguide lens has a first transparent electrode and a second transparent electrode disposed on a first lens substrate and a second lens substrate, and the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode are used to apply an adjustable voltage to the external coupling grating located between the first lens substrate and the second lens substrate, thereby adjusting the diffraction efficiency of different regions of the external coupling grating and improving the uniformity of the exit pupil light. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0018] In order to more clearly explain the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative efforts. [Figure 1] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a holographic optical waveguide lens according to an embodiment of the present application; [Figure 2] 1 is an exploded view of a first view of a holographic light guide lens structure according to an embodiment of the present application. FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a second view of a holographic light guide lens structure according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 4] 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of a holographic optical waveguide lens according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 5] 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a holographic optical waveguide lens according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 6] 10 is a specific flowchart of step S600 in the flow of a method for manufacturing a holographic optical waveguide lens according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is an electro-optic response curve diagram of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating measurement according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 8] 10 is a specific flowchart of step S610 in the flow of a method for manufacturing a holographic optical waveguide lens according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described in detail, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar numbers always represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and are only for interpreting the present application, and should not be understood as limitations on the present application.

[0020] In order to help those skilled in the art better understand the solutions of the present application, the following clearly and completely describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without any creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] 1 to 3, the present application provides a holographic optical waveguide lens 1, which includes a first lens substrate 100, a second lens substrate 200, an internal coupling grating 310 and an external coupling grating 320, a first transparent electrode 400, and a second transparent electrode 500.

[0022] The first lens substrate 100 includes a first surface 110. The thickness of the first lens substrate 100 is 0.5 mm to 4 mm. If the thickness of the first lens substrate 100 is less than 0.5 mm, there will be too many external coupling points and too many areas that need to be divided into transparent electrodes, which will increase the difficulty of optimization and design and manufacturing costs. If the lens thickness is greater than 4 mm, the AR display screen will be prone to discontinuity and will be too thick, affecting the user experience. Therefore, in this embodiment, the thickness of the first lens substrate 100 is preferably 0.5 mm to 4 mm. For example, the thickness of the first lens substrate 100 may be 0.5 mm, 2 mm, or 4 mm, or may be any value within this range plus 2.5 mm, and is not limited thereto.

[0023] The second lens substrate 200 includes a second surface 210, which faces the first surface 110. The thickness of the second lens substrate 200 is referred to as the thickness of the first lens substrate 100 and will not be further described here.

[0024] The internal coupling grating 310 and the external coupling grating 320 are disposed between the first lens substrate 100 and the second lens substrate 200. In this embodiment, the internal coupling grating 310 and the external coupling grating 320 are both polymer dispersed liquid crystal holographic gratings 300. In this embodiment, the thickness of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating 300 may be 2 μm to 10 μm. If the thickness of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating 300 is less than 2 μm, the maximum diffraction efficiency is too low, reducing the optical efficiency of the system. If the thickness of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating 300 is greater than 10 μm, the driving voltage of the first transparent electrode 400 and the second transparent electrode 500 is too high, making practical application difficult.

[0025] A first transparent electrode 400 is formed on the first surface 110 in an area corresponding to the external coupling grid 320 .

[0026] A second transparent electrode 500 is formed on the second surface 210 in an area corresponding to the external coupling grid 320 .

[0027] Referring to Figure 3, the first transparent electrode 400, the external coupling grating 320 and the second transparent electrode 500 are generally divided into multiple sub-regions, and the dotted frame in the figure represents one sub-region. The voltage between the first transparent electrode 400 and the second transparent electrode 500 in each sub-region is set according to the electro-optical response curve and diffraction efficiency of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating 300 in that sub-region.

[0028] The holographic optical waveguide lens 1 according to the embodiment of the present application uses a first transparent electrode 400 and a second transparent electrode 500 disposed on the first lens substrate 100 and the second lens substrate 200, and applies an adjustable voltage to the external coupling grating 320 located between the first lens substrate 100 and the second lens substrate 200 using the first transparent electrode 400 and the second transparent electrode 500 to adjust the diffraction efficiency of different regions of the external coupling grating 320 and improve the uniformity of the exit pupil light.

[0029] Referring to FIG. 2 , in some embodiments, the internal coupling grating 310 and the external coupling grating 320 are arranged along a first direction, indicated by an arrow in the drawing. The lengths of the external coupling grating 320, the first transparent electrode 400, and the second transparent electrode 500 in the first direction are all equal. Preferably, the length of the external coupling grating 320 is between 10 mm and 30 mm. If the length of the external coupling grating 320 is less than 10 mm, the exit pupil area is too small, resulting in a reduced eye movement range. If the length of the external coupling grating 320 is greater than 30 mm, the exit pupil area is too large, resulting in wasted light energy and reduced display brightness. Therefore, in this embodiment, the length of the external coupling grating 320 may be 14 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, etc. It is understood that the length of the external coupling grating 320 may be any number within this range, such as 16.5 mm, and is not limited thereto.

[0030] In some embodiments, the number of subregions into which the first transparent electrode 400, the external coupling grating 320, and the second transparent electrode 500 are divided may be 5 to 15. If the external coupling grating 320 is divided into fewer than five regions, it may be difficult to achieve uniform light output in the exit pupil region. If the external coupling grating 320 is divided into more than 15 regions, the system becomes complex, significantly increasing design difficulty and manufacturing costs. Therefore, in this embodiment, the number of divided regions of the external coupling grating 320 is preferably 5 to 15. For example, the external coupling grating 320 may be divided into 5, 7, or 15 regions. It is understood that the number of divided regions of the external coupling grating 320 may be any natural number within this range. For example, the external coupling grating 320 may be divided into 10 regions; this is not a limitation.

[0031] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first lens substrate 100 and the second lens substrate 200 in the holographic optical waveguide lens 1 is 4 mm, the first transparent electrode 400 and the second transparent electrode 500 are divided into five regions whose voltages can be independently controlled, the length of the first transparent electrode 400 and the second transparent electrode 500 is 20 mm, the thickness of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating 300 is 3 μm, and the diffraction efficiency of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating 300 is continuously adjustable between 11% and 99%. The diffraction efficiencies of the five regions of the external coupling grating 320 are 20%, 25%, 33.3%, 50%, and 99%, respectively. The driving voltage for each region is set according to the electro-optic response curve of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating 300.

[0032] In some other embodiments, the thickness of the first lens substrate 100 and the second lens substrate 200 in the holographic optical waveguide lens 1 is 2 mm, the first transparent electrode 400 and the second transparent electrode 500 are divided into seven regions whose voltages can be independently controlled, the length of the first transparent electrode 400 and the second transparent electrode 500 is 14 mm, the thickness of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating 300 is 10 μm, and the diffraction efficiency of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating 300 is continuously adjustable between 5% and 80%. The diffraction efficiencies of the seven regions of the external coupling grating 320 are 13.8%, 16%, 19%, 23.5%, 30.8%, 44.4%, and 80%, respectively. The driving voltage for each region is set according to the electro-optical response curve of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating 300.

[0033] In some other embodiments, the thickness of the first lens substrate 100 and the second lens substrate 200 in the holographic optical waveguide lens 1 is 0.5 mm, the first transparent electrode 400 and the second transparent electrode 500 are divided into 15 regions whose voltages can be independently controlled, the length of the first transparent electrode 400 and the second transparent electrode 500 is 15 mm, the thickness of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating 300 is 2 μm, and the diffraction efficiency of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating 300 is continuously adjustable between 5% and 80%. The diffraction efficiencies of the 15 regions of the external coupling grating 320 are 6.6%, 7%, 7.5%, 8.2%, 8.9%, 9.8%, 10.8%, 12.1%, 13.8%, 16%, 9%, 23.5%, 30.8%, 44.4%, and 80%. The driving voltage for each region is set according to the electro-optical response curve of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating 300 .

[0034] 4, ignoring the light intensity loss during the light propagation process and assuming that the angles of the incident and outgoing light rays satisfy the Bragg condition, when a uniform grating outcoupling with a diffraction efficiency of 50% is used, the light intensity of incident light with light intensity n at the xth outcoupling is n / 2x. In an embodiment of the present application, x first transparent electrodes 400 are disposed on the first lens substrate 100, x second transparent electrodes 500 are disposed on the second lens substrate 200, and the outcoupling grating 320 is divided into x sub-regions. By changing the voltages applied to the first transparent electrodes 400 and the second transparent electrodes 500, the diffraction efficiency of each sub-region can be independently controlled, so that under the same conditions, the intensity of each outgoing light can be closer to n / x, and the uniformity of the outgoing light can be improved.

[0035] In connection with FIG. 5 , an embodiment of the present application further provides a manufacturing method for a holographic optical waveguide lens for fabricating the holographic optical waveguide lens in the above embodiment, and the manufacturing method may include the following steps:

[0036] S100: Add the photopolymer monomer, liquid crystal, and photoinitiator into a light-shielding container and mix evenly to produce a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating raw material.

[0037] It should be noted that the homogeneous mixing herein may be understood to mean that the homogeneous mixing can be achieved by using ultrasound or stirring the liquid in the container until it appears transparent.

[0038] S200: Form a first transparent electrode including a plurality of sub-regions on an area of ​​a first lens substrate corresponding to an external coupling grid.

[0039] As can be understood, the above formation is not limited here, and the first transparent electrode may be manually attached onto the first lens substrate after the production of the first lens substrate is completed, or the first lens substrate may be directly manufactured and attached during production to obtain the first lens substrate with the first transparent electrode.

[0040] S300: Form a second transparent electrode including a plurality of sub-regions corresponding to the first transparent electrode on an area of ​​a second lens substrate corresponding to an external coupling grid.

[0041] The method for forming the second transparent electrode can be referred to the method for forming the first transparent electrode, and will not be further described here.

[0042] S400: The first lens substrate, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating material, and the second lens substrate are stacked and disposed, with the first transparent electrode facing the second transparent electrode, to form a lens intermediate.

[0043] It should be noted that the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode are both located in the external coupling grid region.

[0044] S500: Using holographic exposure method, polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram gratings are fabricated in the inner and outer coupling grating regions.

[0045] S600: Set a voltage between the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode in each sub-region according to the electro-optical response curve and diffraction efficiency of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating in each sub-region to obtain a holographic optical waveguide lens.

[0046] It should be mentioned that the electro-optic response curve of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating can be measured by adopting a liquid crystal display parameter tester.

[0047] The holographic optical waveguide lens manufactured using the above method has a first transparent electrode and a second transparent electrode disposed on the first lens substrate and the second lens substrate, and the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode are used to apply an adjustable voltage to the out-coupling grating located between the first lens substrate and the second lens substrate, thereby adjusting the diffraction efficiency of different regions of the out-coupling grating and improving the uniformity of the exit pupil light.

[0048] Referring to FIG. 6, in some embodiments, step S600 may include:

[0049] S610: Use a liquid crystal display parameter tester to measure the polymer dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating to obtain an electro-optical response curve of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating.

[0050] Specifically, the measurement voltage is set to 1 kHz, 0 V to 280 V, and a 633 nm p-polarized laser is used for the test, incident at the Bragg angle. In this measurement, the diffraction efficiency is defined as diffracted light intensity / (diffracted light intensity + transmitted light intensity). The electro-optic response curve of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating is shown in Figure 7.

[0051] S620: Calculate the diffraction efficiencies required for the outcoupling gratings corresponding to different sub-regions when the lens intermediate body reaches a uniform exit pupil.

[0052] Referring to FIG. 8, specifically, this step may include:

[0053] S621: A predetermined diffraction efficiency corresponding to each sub-region is set.

[0054] S622: The product of a predetermined diffraction efficiency corresponding to each sub-region and the remaining energy after outcoupling all sub-regions arranged before this sub-region in the first direction is calculated as the outcoupling energy of this sub-region.

[0055] S623: Using a genetic algorithm, the standard deviation of the external coupling energy between each sub-region is minimized, and the diffraction efficiency required for the external coupling grating corresponding to the different sub-regions is calculated.

[0056] S630: Based on the photoelectric response curves and the diffraction efficiencies required for the outcoupling gratings corresponding to the different sub-regions, set voltages between the first transparent electrodes and the second transparent electrodes in the different sub-regions to obtain a holographic optical waveguide lens.

[0057] For example, if the outcoupling grating is divided into five subregions and a genetic algorithm is used to achieve uniform output from the outcoupling grating, the diffraction efficiencies of the subregions arranged in the first direction are 20%, 25%, 33.3%, 50%, and 99%, respectively. In conjunction with the electro-optic response curve shown in Figure 3, the voltages to be applied to the subregions arranged in the first direction are 55.1V, 53.1V, 50.1V, 45.6V, and 0V, respectively.

[0058] In some embodiments, the diffraction efficiency of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating can be adjusted between 5% and 99% depending on the applied voltage. That is, the diffraction efficiency of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating changes depending on the magnitude of the applied voltage. In this embodiment, the control range of the diffraction efficiency of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating is set between 5% and 99%. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, if the diffraction efficiency of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating is less than 5%, it becomes difficult to ensure the uniformity of the light output in the exit pupil area.

[0059] In summary, the holographic optical waveguide lens manufactured according to the embodiments of the present application uses a first transparent electrode and a second transparent electrode disposed on a first lens substrate and a second lens substrate, and applies an adjustable voltage to the external coupling grating located between the first lens substrate and the second lens substrate using the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode, thereby adjusting the diffraction efficiency of different regions of the external coupling grating and improving the uniformity of the exit pupil light.

[0060] The use of terms such as "some embodiments," "other embodiments," and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with this embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this application, general expressions using such terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in the present application, unless they are mutually inconsistent.

[0061] The above embodiments are only for explaining the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit the same. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments may still be modified or some of the technical features may be replaced with equivalents, but such modifications or replacements shall not deviate from the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and shall all fall within the protection scope of the present application. [Explanation of symbols]

[0062] Holographic optical waveguide lens 1, first lens substrate 100, first surface 110, second lens substrate 200, second surface 210, polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating 300, internal coupling grating 310, external coupling grating 320, first transparent electrode 400, second transparent electrode 500.

Claims

1. 1. A holographic optical waveguide lens, comprising: a first lens substrate including a first surface; a second lens substrate including a second surface opposite the first surface; an inner coupling grating and an outer coupling grating, both of which are polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram gratings, disposed between the first lens substrate and the second lens substrate; a first transparent electrode formed on the first surface in an area corresponding to the external coupling grid; a second transparent electrode formed on the second surface in an area corresponding to the external coupling grid; wherein the first transparent electrode, the external coupling grating, and the second transparent electrode are divided into a plurality of sub-regions as a whole, and the voltage between the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode in each sub-region is set according to the electro-optical response curve and diffraction efficiency of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating in that sub-region.

2. 2. The holographic optical waveguide lens according to claim 1, wherein the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating has a thickness of 2 um to 10 um.

3. 2. The holographic optical waveguide lens of claim 1, wherein the internal coupling grating and the external coupling grating are arranged along a first direction, and the lengths of the external coupling grating, the first transparent electrode, and the second transparent electrode in the first direction are all equal.

4. 2. The holographic optical waveguide lens of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the first lens substrate and the second transparent substrate is 0.5 mm to 4 mm.

5. 2. The holographic optical waveguide lens of claim 1, wherein the number of the plurality of sub-regions is 5 to 15.

6. 10. The holographic optical waveguide lens of claim 1, wherein the voltage in each sub-region is independently controlled.

7. A method for manufacturing the holographic optical waveguide lens according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of: Adding photopolymer monomer, liquid crystal and photoinitiator into a light-shielding container and mixing them uniformly to prepare a polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating raw material; forming a first transparent electrode including a plurality of sub-regions on an area of ​​the first lens substrate corresponding to the outcoupling grid; forming a second transparent electrode including a plurality of sub-regions corresponding to the first transparent electrode on an area of ​​the second lens substrate corresponding to the external coupling grating; forming a lens intermediate by stacking the first lens substrate, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating material, and a second lens substrate, and arranging the first transparent electrode opposite the second transparent electrode; Employing a holographic exposure method to fabricate a polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating in an inner coupling grating region and an outer coupling grating region; and setting a voltage between the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode in each sub-region according to the electro-optical response curve and the diffraction efficiency of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating in each sub-region to obtain a holographic optical waveguide lens.

8. setting a voltage between the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode in each sub-region according to an electro-optical response curve and a diffraction efficiency of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating in each sub-region; measuring the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating using a liquid crystal display parameter tester to obtain an electro-optical response curve of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating; Calculating the diffraction efficiencies required for the outcoupling gratings corresponding to the different sub-regions when the lens intermediate body reaches a uniform exit pupil; and setting voltages between the first and second transparent electrodes in the different sub-regions based on the photoelectric response curves and the diffraction efficiencies required for the outcoupling gratings corresponding to the different sub-regions to obtain a holographic optical waveguide lens.

9. Calculating the diffraction efficiencies required for the outcoupling gratings corresponding to the different sub-regions when the lens intermediate body reaches a uniform exit pupil includes: setting a predetermined diffraction efficiency corresponding to each sub-region; calculating the outcoupling energy of each subregion as a product of a predetermined diffraction efficiency corresponding to the subregion and the remaining energy after outcoupling all subregions arranged before the subregion in the first direction; and using a genetic algorithm to minimize the standard deviation of the external coupling energy between each sub-region and calculate the diffraction efficiency required for the external coupling gratings corresponding to the different sub-regions.

10. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the diffraction efficiency of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal hologram grating is adjustable between 5% and 99% in response to a change in the applied voltage.

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