Processes and equipment for producing electricity that avoids environmental waste

Abstract

The present invention describes an apparatus for generating electricity, comprising a sealed assembly (1) including at least two chambers (2, 3), a communication duct (4) connecting the two chambers, at least one energy conversion device (6), and a working medium (5) contained in at least one of the chambers (2, 3), wherein the apparatus is configured to convert the energy of the working medium (5) moving through the communication duct (4) into electricity by a rotating magnetic element (7) interacting with a coil or solenoid (16).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an apparatus and a process for generating electricity that avoids environmental waste.

Background Art

[0002] Most current systems for the production of electricity currently cause air pollution and / or overheating, use resources until their possible depletion, or, even worse, rely on the use of nuclear energy, causing immeasurable damage to the health of the planet.

[0003] The reserves of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas are limited and non-renewable, and their combustion contributes to global warming. The continued generation of energy by deforestation causes an increase in the greenhouse effect, while water for supplying power to hydroelectric power plants is not available everywhere.

[0004] Nuclear energy sources pose significant risks if not perfectly managed and controlled. It also gives rise to serious and unresolved problems related to the disposal of radioactive waste. Current technologies also rely on uranium, a limited resource.

[0005] Technologies for producing energy from renewable resources, including solar panels, photovoltaic panels, or wind turbines, have the drawback of occasional output mainly related to the possible lack of light, sun, and wind. In addition, for such technologies, a vast ground surface is required for the installation of photovoltaic and solar panels, and wind turbines are large in size and quite tall, resulting in an inescapable drawback of visual pollution.

[0006] Low-temperature gradient engines are described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2010 / 0146963. German Patent Application Publication No. 10 2018 130412 discloses an energy conversion system designed to evaporate water at a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure. [Overview of the project]

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a process and apparatus for generating electricity that overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art. The present invention relates to a novel embodiment of an apparatus for generating electricity described in the same applicant's international application PCT / EP2021 / 077238.

[0008] The present invention aims to provide a process that does not generate any of the above-mentioned problems, in particular, that does not result in global warming, pollution, deforestation, dependence on coal, oil, water, or uranium, or dependence on the presence of the sun and wind. Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide a process that can be implemented in underground structures to avoid visual pollution. The present invention also aims to provide a process that does not cause leakage of water or other types of liquids into the environment.

[0009] These objectives are achieved by the apparatus and process according to the claims.

[0010] In the apparatus of the present invention, the assembly is formed by two or more chambers, preferably forming a closed circuit, which are interconnected by one or more communication ducts. A working medium is transported between these chambers of the assembly, and one or more magnetic elements are rotated by the working medium. One or more coils or solenoids generate an electric current in response to the rotation of the magnetic elements. According to a notable feature of the present invention, the at least one of the rotating magnetic elements is configured to rotate about an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the communication ducts. The at least one coil or solenoid is positioned around the communication ducts such that the axis of rotation of the magnetic elements is perpendicular to the axis of the coil or solenoid.

[0011] The present invention relies on collecting and converting the energy of a working medium as it moves through an assembly from one chamber to the next. The working medium, initially housed in the first chamber, is guided to move to the next second chamber by heating the first chamber.

[0012] The working fluid, in liquid or vapor form, moves from one chamber to another.

[0013] The typical passage of the working fluid from a first chamber to a second chamber can be induced by the pressure of the vapor formed in the first chamber as a result of heating. Thus, the pressure pushes the liquid out of the first chamber and into the second chamber through a connecting duct between them.

[0014] To facilitate the above process, the assembly is kept under vacuum, thereby requiring a relatively small heat input to evaporate the liquid medium in the first chamber and establish the pressure to discharge the liquid from the chamber and send it through a connecting duct to the second chamber. A similar principle can be observed in the so-called Franklin's Thermoscope. This invention uses this principle to produce energy by utilizing the energy contained in a working medium, preferably a liquid, that is displaced from one chamber to another in a liquid or vapor state.

[0015] The present invention uses at least one magnetic element to collect energy from a working medium. The at least one magnetic element rotates under the action of the working medium while the working medium is transferred from one chamber to another. The apparatus of the present invention may include one or more magnetic elements arranged to rotate under the thrust of the working medium. The rotation of the (one or more) magnetic elements induces an electric current in a coil or solenoid wound around a communication duct. Thus, power is transferred from the rotating magnetic element to the coil or solenoid. It can be understood that the present invention makes it possible to collect energy from a displaced working medium in a sealed environment.

[0016] The arrangement of the above-mentioned rotating elements (one or more) having a rotation axis perpendicular to the communication duct or perpendicular to a coil or solenoid wound around the communication duct is advantageous from an efficiency standpoint. This arrangement of the rotating elements results in optimal utilization of the energy of the working medium.

[0017] Detailed description of the invention The assembly, particularly the working fluid circuit, is maintained under vacuum. The higher the vacuum generated within a sealed chamber, the lower the temperature at which the liquid contained within the same chamber begins its boiling process. This invention utilizes this principle to reduce the heat input required to boil the working fluid.

[0018] In a very preferred embodiment, the chamber of the assembly forms a closed circuit. By employing a closed circuit, the energy required to generate and maintain a vacuum state within the circuit is greatly reduced. This is because the vacuum initially generated within the closed circuit is maintained over time, and any subsequent energy input, if present, may only be needed to compensate for a small vacuum leak.

[0019] The working medium can be a pure liquid or a mixture of liquids, preferably having a boiling point lower than that of water. For example, ethyl alcohol or liquid ether can be used as the working medium, or in a mixture thereof.

[0020] The appropriate vacuum level and the type of liquid used can be selected according to the environmental conditions of any apparatus, namely altitude and / or ambient temperature.

[0021] The number of chambers and connecting ducts in the assembly can vary. A simple embodiment is possible with two chambers and one connecting duct between them. Other embodiments may include a greater number of chambers and / or connecting ducts between chambers. In particular, each pair of chambers may be connected by one or more connecting ducts. In some embodiments, two adjacent chambers may be collected by a single duct. In other embodiments, adjacent chambers may be connected by two or more ducts. When multiple connecting ducts are provided, one or more ducts act as return ducts to provide continuous circulation of the working medium.

[0022] In the embodiment, the assembly is configured such that one or more communication ducts act as connecting elements and / or structural support elements for two or more chambers.

[0023] In the embodiment, the assembly is configured such that the working medium discharged from the first chamber through a communication duct returns to the same first chamber through either the same communication duct or another communication duct.

[0024] The assembly may include three or more chambers forming a sequence of chambers, through which the working medium is transferred. Each transfer can be considered as the transfer of the working medium from a first chamber or start chamber to a second chamber or destination chamber adjacent to the first chamber in the sequence, and the transfer of the working medium is operated as a result of heating the start chamber.

[0025] In an interesting embodiment of the present invention, the sequence of chambers forms a closed circuit, and the process is periodically performed while the working medium traverses the sequence of chambers in the closed circuit. Thus, for example, the working medium can start a process from a first chamber, pass through some chambers in the assembly, and then return to the same first chamber.

[0026] In some embodiments, suitable barriers are provided in relation to the chambers and / or communication ducts, and the barriers operate to prevent backflow of the working medium from one chamber to the previous chamber. Thus, this provides that the working medium follows in the appropriate direction through the designated destination chamber in the assembly from the starting chamber.

[0027] The energy conversion device of the assembly comprises at least one rotary magnetic element. The energy conversion device of the assembly further includes one or more coils or solenoids inductively coupled to the magnetic element(s). Rotation of the magnetic element induces an electric current in the coil or solenoid.

[0028] The magnetic element is oriented such that the rotation of the element occurs about an axis perpendicular to the communication duct. At least one coil or solenoid is disposed around the communication duct, and the axis of rotation of at least one magnetic element disposed inside the communication duct is perpendicular to the axis of the coil or solenoid.

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the at least one rotary magnetic element described above has blades made of magnetized material, or suitable magnetic elements are disposed on two or more blades of the rotary element.

[0030] According to an embodiment, the at least one rotary magnetic element described above is supported by a support bar mounted in the communication duct.

[0031] The communication duct may include internal vanes positioned to direct the working medium towards the (one or more) rotating elements described above.

[0032] Preferably, the support bar is fixed to the communication duct, and at least one of the magnetic elements rotates relative to the bar. For example, the magnetic element can be attached to a rotation pin that is pivotally positioned on the bar.

[0033] In one embodiment, the support bar rotates within the communication duct, and one or more gears are positioned on the bar such that they cause one or more rotating magnetic elements to rotate around an axis that is perpendicular to the communication duct or perpendicular to the axis of a coil or solenoid wound around the communication duct.

[0034] The above-mentioned communication ducts can have a circular cross-section or a different shape. For example, in some embodiments, the communication duct can have a square or rectangular cross-section with as rounded edges as possible to facilitate the winding of a coil or solenoid around the communication duct. The communication duct can also be in the shape of a communication tube.

[0035] The inner surface of the connecting duct may also serve as a support bar.

[0036] The coil or solenoid may be positioned adjacent to the housing in which the rotating magnetic element is arranged to rotate, preferably wrapped around the housing. Alternatively, the coil or solenoid itself constitutes the housing in which the rotating magnetic element is arranged to rotate. For example, the coil may structurally form a communication duct between two chambers.

[0037] If necessary, some or all parts of the assembly of the present invention may be wound in different ways. One or more of the above parts may be wound by one or more solenoids, or together by a coil and a solenoid, while some of the above parts may be formed by the coil and / or (one or more) solenoids themselves, and some of the above parts may be formed without winding.

[0038] In this embodiment, the magnetic element includes a permanent magnet.

[0039] The (one or more) communication ducts are preferably made of a magnetically conductive material, which is a material having suitable magnetic conductivity.

[0040] The embodiment includes at least one communication duct, wherein the coil or solenoid is wound around the duct, or the coil or solenoid constitutes the communication duct.

[0041] The embodiment includes a plurality of coils or solenoids, at least some of which are electrically connected to one another.

[0042] The present invention will be further described herein with reference to various embodiments thereof.

[0043] In various embodiments, the communication duct may be in the form of a tube. The tube communicates with the cavities of the opposing chambers and has an appropriate length, diameter, and shape.

[0044] The entire assembly is sealed with liquid and gas.

[0045] The working medium, in liquid form, is inserted into the aforementioned assembly before sealing and is preferably collected in the first chamber. The volume of the liquid is smaller than the total internal volume of the assembly, but large enough for the liquid to flow freely through the aforementioned communicating tube from one chamber to another chamber communicating with the first chamber.

[0046] A suitable degree of vacuum is provided inside the assembly before sealing, such that the heating energy required to initiate the boiling process of the liquid and consequently discover an outlet path through the communicating tube from the first chamber in the form of liquid or vapor is minimized. In particular, the heat input is lower than the heat input required to induce boiling under normal ambient conditions outside the assembly of the present invention.

[0047] Providing a vacuum and selecting a liquid with a boiling point lower than that of water can be suitably employed in combination.

[0048] After the above conditions are met, heating is applied to the liquid collected in the first chamber to the extent that it begins to boil.

[0049] As described above, by providing a duct in the form of a tube that starts from the first chamber and connects the first chamber to the opposite connecting chamber, the liquid finds its discharge path through the tube duct and collects in the opposite connecting chamber.

[0050] Depending on the position of the tube duct relative to the chamber, the liquid may be discharged while maintaining its liquid viscosity, or, under heating, the liquid may become vapor-viscous and, when collected in the opposite chamber, may condense back into a liquid.

[0051] In this embodiment, the connecting tube duct is positioned below the chamber wall such that, as a result of heating, the liquid is displaced from the first chamber to the next chamber while maintaining its liquid state.

[0052] As the liquid collects in the opposite communication chamber through the connecting tube duct, heating can be applied to the liquid again to such an extent that the liquid is caused to discover further discharge from the opposite communication chamber. In this way, continuous displacement of the liquid is initiated by continuously applying heating to one chamber and the connecting chamber.

[0053] In the embodiment, the assembly is constructed of two opposing chambers, and after a liquid is collected in the opposite communicating chamber and then heated again, it is not further discharged but returned to the first chamber for collection. A return connecting tube duct may be provided for this purpose.

[0054] The (one or more) coils and / or solenoids may be positioned adjacent to (one or more) parts of the assembly, preferably wound around those parts, to guide (one or more) rotating magnetic elements to rotate within the assembly. In such cases, the (one or more) parts are preferably made of a material having suitable magnetoconductivity.

[0055] Alternatively, the (one or more) coils and / or solenoids themselves are shaped, twisted, and positioned in close proximity to each other such that they themselves constitute part of the assembly, and are guided to rotate within the assembly.

[0056] When the above-mentioned chamber and tube duct constitute a closed circuit, induced electricity can accumulate from any (one or more) coils and / or solenoids, potentially producing a final output.

[0057] It should be noted that when the first chamber is heated by an external source, the working fluid moving from one chamber to the next loses only a small amount of heat, so the energy required to heat the subsequent chamber is much lower than the energy used initially.

[0058] Furthermore, the device can be partially self-powered by utilizing a portion of the final electrical energy output from the device to repeat the heating of the device's chamber from the beginning.

[0059] Preferably, the degree of heating the magnetic element is not higher than the temperature at which the element loses its magnetic charge. In any case, it is desirable that the temperature does not reach the Curie point relative to the magnetic element.

[0060] In special cases or due to aging of the plant, if the above-mentioned element loses its magnetic charge, the element undergoes a remagnetization process using known means. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0061] [Figure 1] This is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for generating power according to an embodiment of the present invention, which has a double-chamber configuration. [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, which has a closed-circuit configuration. [Figure 3] This is a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, which has a multi-chamber configuration. [Figure 4] This is a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, which has a closed-circuit configuration and multiple chambers. [Figure 5] Preferred embodiments of an energy conversion device according to the present invention are illustrated below. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0062] Figures 1 to 4 illustrate various configurations of the chamber and communication duct. Figure 5 illustrates an example of an energy conversion device that can be used in any of the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 4.

[0063] Figure 1 illustrates an apparatus for generating electricity, comprising a sealed assembly 1 including a first chamber 2, a second chamber 3, and a communication duct 4. A liquid working medium 5 is contained within the first chamber 2.

[0064] The apparatus operates by heating the first chamber 2 and the working medium 5 contained within it to facilitate the transfer of the working medium 5 from the first chamber 2 to the second chamber 3 via the communication tube 4. The energy of the working medium is converted into electricity by a rotating magnetic element contained in the communication duct 4 and a coil or solenoid wound around the duct 4. Once the working medium 5 is collected in the second chamber 3 in liquid form, the second chamber 3 is heated so that the working medium 5 can be transferred back to the first chamber 2. This process can be repeated periodically.

[0065] Figure 2 shows an embodiment in which a return passage is provided between the chamber 2 and the chamber 3 described above. The first chamber 2 of the apparatus is in fluid communication with the second chamber 3 by the communication duct 4 described above and by another return duct 14.

[0066] Assembly 1 also includes two barriers 15 connected to a communication duct 4 and a return duct 14. The barriers 15 are positioned to prevent backflow of the working medium 5 from one chamber to the preceding chamber.

[0067] In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the first chamber 2 is heated to transfer the working medium 5 to the second chamber 3 while generating power. The second chamber 3 is then heated to transfer the working medium 5 back to the first chamber 2 via the return duct 14. This process is repeated periodically, thereby continuously producing power.

[0068] Figure 3 illustrates an embodiment having multiple chambers 2, 3, 8, and 9. Each chamber is connected to one or more adjacent chambers via a communication duct 4. Each communication duct 4 is provided with a barrier 15 to prevent backflow. The last portion of the tube 4 indicates the possibility of employing additional chambers up to the last chamber indicated by X in the figure, assuming the entire assembly is sealed. Preferably, the last chamber indicated by X is connected to the first chamber 1.

[0069] In this embodiment, the first chamber 2 is sequentially heated, and power is generated while the working fluid 5 is supplied to the second chamber 3. Then, heat is supplied to the second chamber 3, and power is generated while the working fluid 5 is transferred to the third chamber 8, and this process is repeated. This process is then repeated again in the remaining chambers 9 and any subsequent chambers. As shown in Figure 1, the working fluid 5 can be transferred back by heating the chambers in the reverse order.

[0070] Figure 4 shows a modified embodiment of Figure 3, in which multiple chambers are arranged in a closed-circuit configuration. As shown in Figure 2, by heating the chambers in the appropriate order, the working medium 5 can circulate continuously within the assembly.

[0071] Figure 4 illustrates one duct 4 for connecting each adjacent pair of chambers, but it should be noted that in other embodiments, more than one duct may be provided between adjacent chambers.

[0072] Figure 5 illustrates a preferred embodiment of an energy conversion device 6 associated with a communication duct 4. A solenoid 16 is wound around the communication duct 4 and inductively coupled to a magnetic rotor 7 mounted inside the duct 4. Each magnetic rotor 7 is a two-blade rotor and is mounted by pins 30 so as to rotate around an axis 31. The axis 31 is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 32 of the duct 4 and therefore perpendicular to the axis of the solenoid 16.

[0073] For example, if the duct 4 described above is positioned horizontally, the rotor 7 will rotate around a vertical axis in a horizontal plane.

[0074] In this embodiment, the two blades of each rotor 7 have opposite magnetic poles. In other embodiments (not shown), each rotor 7 may have more blades, preferably configured such that adjacent blades alternately have opposite magnetic poles.

[0075] The communication duct 4 has multiple sets of vanes 33 configured to direct the working medium toward the rotor 7.

[0076] The rotor 7 is mounted on the inner surface 34 of the communication duct. In other embodiments, the rotor 7 may be associated with a support bar, which is preferably fixed to the duct 4.

[0077] In the embodiment shown in the figure, the communication duct has a rectangular cross-section, but other shapes of the duct are possible in various embodiments of the present invention.

[0078] In operation, the solenoid 16 generates power through magnetic interaction with the rotor 7. It should be noted that the power is transferred from the inside to the outside of the assembly via the interaction between the rotating magnet and the coil or solenoid. More specifically, the thrust of the working medium 5 as it moves from one chamber to another in the assembly 1 induces the rotation of the rotor 7 relative to the solenoid 16. The rotor 7 can be considered a propeller-like turbine. The resulting rotation of the magnetic poles 25 induces an electric current in the solenoid 16.

[0079] Thanks to inductive coupling, power is transferred non-contact from the magnetic rotor 7 inside the duct 4 to the solenoid 16 outside the duct 4, without the need for connecting means passing through the duct.

Claims

1. A device for generating electricity, wherein the device is A sealed assembly (1) comprising at least two chambers (2, 3) and a communication duct (4), wherein the communication duct (4) is arranged to provide fluid communication between the two chambers (2, 3), A liquid working medium (5) contained in at least one of the chambers (2, 3) and Includes, A vacuum is provided within the sealed assembly (1) such that the boiling point of the working medium (5) in the liquid within the sealed assembly (1) is lower than the boiling point of the same liquid at atmospheric pressure. The volume of the liquid working medium (5) is smaller than the internal volume of the entire assembly. The apparatus is configured to induce the transfer of the working medium (5), either in liquid or vapor form, from the first chamber (2) to the second chamber (3) of the sealed assembly via a communication duct (4) between the first chamber (2) and the second chamber (3), by heating the liquid working medium (5) contained in the first chamber (2) of the sealed assembly. The apparatus further comprises at least one energy conversion device (6) disposed within the communication duct (4) and configured to convert the energy of the working medium (5) moving through the apparatus into power output, The energy conversion device includes at least one magnetic element (7) that is arranged to be in direct contact with the working medium, The energy conversion device includes at least one rotating magnetic element (7), which is located within the communication duct (4) and is arranged to rotate under the thrust of the working medium (5) as the working medium (5) moves through the communication duct (4) from one chamber to another. The at least one rotating magnetic element (7) is configured to rotate around an axis (31) perpendicular to the axis (32) of the coil or solenoid, The apparatus includes at least one coil or solenoid (16), the at least one coil or solenoid (16) being inductively coupled to the rotating magnetic element (7) such that the rotation of the magnetic element (7) induces an electric current in the coil or solenoid (16). Device.

2. The at least one rotating magnetic element (7) has a blade made of a magnetized material, or The magnetic elements are arranged on two or more blades of the rotating element. The apparatus according to claim 1.

3. The at least one rotating magnetic element (7) is supported on the inner surface (34) of the communication duct (4), or Supported by a support bar installed inside the aforementioned communication duct, The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2.

4. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the communication duct (4) includes internal vanes (33) arranged to direct the working medium toward one or more of the rotating elements.

5. The at least one rotating magnetic element is associated with a support bar. The support bar rotates within the communication duct, and one or more gears are positioned on the bar to rotate one or more of the rotating magnetic elements around an axis perpendicular to the communication duct and / or perpendicular to the axis of a coil or solenoid wound around the communication duct. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the communication duct (4) has a circular cross-section, or has a square or rectangular cross-section with edges that are as rounded as possible to facilitate winding of the coil or solenoid around the communication duct.

7. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the liquid working medium (5) is a pure liquid or a liquid mixture having a boiling point lower than the boiling point of water.

8. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the sealed assembly (1) is configured such that one or more of the communication ducts (4) act as connecting elements and / or structural support elements for two or more chambers (2, 3, 8-13).

9. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the sealed assembly (1) is configured such that the working medium (5) that has flowed out from the first chamber (2) through the communication duct (4) returns to the same first chamber (2) through either the same communication duct (4) or another communication duct (14).

10. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the sealed assembly (1) includes three or more chambers forming a sequence of chambers, the working medium (5) is transported through the chambers by a plurality of transport steps, each step being a transport from a first chamber to a second chamber adjacent to the first chamber in the sequence, and the transport of the working medium (5) is performed as a result of sequential heating of any of the chambers of the apparatus.

11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the sequence of chambers forms a closed circuit, and the process is periodically carried out while the working medium (5) traverses the sequence of chambers in the closed circuit.

12. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein one or more barriers (15) are provided in relation to the chambers and / or communication ducts (4), and the barriers (15) operate to prevent the backflow of the working medium (5) from one chamber to the previous chamber.

13. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the magnetic element (7) includes a permanent magnet.

14. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein one or more communication ducts (4) are made of a material having suitable magnetic conductivity.

15. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the apparatus includes at least one communication duct (4), and a coil or solenoid (16) is wound around the duct, or the coil or solenoid constitutes the communication duct (4).

16. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the apparatus includes a plurality of coils or solenoids (16), and at least a portion of the coils or solenoids are electrically connected to one another.

17. A process for producing electricity in an apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the method is A step of providing the sealed assembly (1) comprising at least two chambers (2, 3) and a communication duct (4), wherein the communication duct (4) is arranged to provide fluid communication between the two chambers (2, 3), A step of providing a liquid working medium (5) contained in at least one of the chambers (2, 3), A step of creating a vacuum within the sealed assembly (1) such that the boiling point of the working medium (5) in the liquid within the sealed assembly is lower than the boiling point of the same liquid at atmospheric pressure. A step of heating the liquid working medium (5) contained in the first chamber (2) of the sealed assembly, thereby inducing the transfer of the working medium from the first chamber (2) to the second chamber (3) of the sealed assembly (1) through a communication duct (4) between the first chamber (2) and the second chamber (3). A step of converting the energy of the working medium moving through the apparatus into power output by an energy conversion device (6) located in a communication duct (4), wherein the energy conversion device (6) includes at least one magnetic element (7) arranged to be in direct contact with the working medium and to rotate when in contact with the working medium. Includes, A process in which the working medium (5) is transferred from the first chamber (2) to the second chamber (3) in a liquid or gaseous state.

18. The process according to claim 17, wherein, after heating the first chamber (2) and transferring the working medium (5) to the second chamber (3), the second chamber (3) is heated and the working medium (5) is transferred back to the first chamber (2), and this sequence is repeated periodically.

19. The process according to claim 17 or 18, wherein during the process, the working medium (5) has a temperature lower than the Curie point of any magnetic element of the energy conversion device (6) in order to avoid demagnetization.

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