Rainproofing agent

Abstract

The present invention relates to an alkyd resin and a rainproofing agent for pesticide formulations containing pesticide active substances, nutrients, and / or biostimulants. The alkyd resin is formed from C2-C16 diacids, C6-C30 fatty acids, and C3-C8 polyols. The invention also provides a concentrated formulation that can be diluted to obtain a pesticide formulation, and a method for treating crops with such a formulation, especially when used for foliar application. The alkyd resin provides rainproofing properties while also possessing desired bio-based and biodegradable properties, and significantly reduces the runoff of pesticide active substances, nutrients, and biostimulants after foliar application by spraying.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a rainproofing agent for pesticide formulations containing pesticide active substances and / or nutrients and / or biostimulants, and to a method for providing rain resistance and reducing the runoff of active or nutrient components due to rainfall. The present invention also includes a method for treating crops with such formulations, particularly when used for foliar application. [Background technology]

[0002] The biological effectiveness of pesticide active substances or nutrients is influenced by many factors, one of which is the length of time the component remains on the treated surface before being washed away by rain, commonly referred to in this field as rain resistance. Rain resistance can be improved by adding components to the formulation that can provide resistance to runoff.

[0003] Rainfall can negatively impact the application of pesticides by physically washing away the active ingredient from the treated crop or diluting the product to a less effective form. Redistribution of the active ingredient may also occur after rainfall, potentially resulting in a sustained decrease in its effectiveness. Rain resistance refers to the ability of the active ingredient to maintain its effectiveness on crops for longer periods when exposed to moisture, strong winds, or rain. Rain resistance provides sustained activity of the active ingredient under adverse weather conditions such as rain or wind.

[0004] Rain resistance allows for the application of lower doses of active ingredients, nutrients, or biostimulants while minimizing performance loss, and / or allows for longer intervals between spray applications. Furthermore, the application of lower doses of active ingredients and / or longer spray intervals can improve crop safety and reduce plant toxicity. Reducing the runoff of active ingredients from crops due to rain is also important in minimizing undesirable off-target losses of active ingredients to the environment.

[0005] Numerous prior solutions have been disclosed. For example, British Patent No. 658,222 discloses the use of vinyl chloride and / or vinylidene chloride polymers and copolymers in an aqueous pest control composition to reduce the runoff of pesticide residues due to rainfall. International Publication 2012 / 121,413 discloses an aqueous pest control composition comprising a pest control active ingredient, a carboxy-modified methyl methacrylate-butadiene copolymer, a surfactant, and water, which has excellent pest control activity and is resistant to rainfall. International Publication 2005 / 115,413 discloses a rain-resistant bioactive composition comprising a bioactive ingredient and a suspension concentrate of a latex polymer emulsified with an in-situ crosslinked hydrocarbon polymer. International Publication No. 2008 / 002,623 discloses pest control formulations comprising substituted biopolymers and organic polymers for improving residual activity, droplet size, adhesion to leaves, and rain resistance, and for reducing soil leaching. European Patent No. 0,862,856 discloses a pest control composition comprising a pesticide and a redispersible polymer. European Patent No. 2,587,916 discloses compositions for controlling pests, processes for preparing them, and methods for treating (non-plant) surfaces with such formulations for persistent and weather-resistant control of pests. The composition comprises a pesticide and an aqueous polymer dispersion comprising a styrene-n-butyl acrylate t-butyl acrylate terpolymer.

[0006] Therefore, there is still a need to develop a composition that exhibits good rain resistance and biological efficacy for use in foliar application with minimal runoff, while also possessing the desired storage stability. In addition, it is desirable that the rain-resistant agent be bio-based and biodegradable. [Overview of the project] [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] It is necessary to find a rain-resistant agent that enables the formation of pesticide formulations and overcomes the problems described above. The present invention also aims to provide the use of pesticide concentrates and diluted formulations containing the rain-resistant agent.

[0008] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a pesticide formulation, i) A rainproofing agent selected from alkyd resins formed from C2-C16 diacids, C6-C30 fatty acids, and C3-C8 polyols; ii) At least one selected from pesticide active substances, nutrients, or biostimulants A pesticide formulation containing [the specified ingredient] is provided.

[0009] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a concentrated formulation suitable for producing the pesticide formulation of the first aspect, i) A rainproofing agent selected from alkyd resins formed from C2-C16 diacids, C6-C30 fatty acids, and C3-C8 polyols; ii) At least one selected from pesticide active substances, nutrients, or biostimulants dispersed in an aqueous medium A concentrated formulation containing the above is provided.

[0010] According to a third embodiment, the use of a rainproofing agent selected from alkyd resins according to the first embodiment is provided as part of a foliar application to improve the rain resistance of pesticide active ingredients, nutrients, or biostimulants.

[0011] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a method for treating vegetation to control harmful organisms, comprising applying either the formulation of the first aspect and / or the diluted concentrated formulation of the second aspect to the vegetation or the environment surrounding the vegetation.

[0012] According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, an emulsified formulation is provided which contains a rain-resistant agent selected from C2-C16 diacids, C6-C30 fatty acids, and alkyd resins formed from C3-C8 polyols, and is suitable for foliar application. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0013] Alkyd resins with the structure described above were found to possess desired bio-based and biodegradable properties while providing the desired rain resistance when used in a wide range of pesticide formulations. Alkyd resins were found to significantly reduce the leaching of pesticide active substances, nutrients, and biostimulants contained in pesticide formulations after foliar application by spraying.

[0014] As used herein, the terms “for example,” “to give an example,” “such as,” or “including” are intended to introduce examples that further clarify a more general subject matter. Unless otherwise specified, these examples are provided solely as an aid to understanding the application illustrated in this disclosure and are not intended to limit it in any way.

[0015] When listing the number of carbon atoms in a substituent (for example, "C1-C6 alkyl"), it should be understood that this number refers to the total number of carbon atoms present in the substituent, including those in any branched group. In addition, when listing the number of carbon atoms in a fatty acid, for example, this refers to the total number of carbon atoms, including those in the carboxylic acid and those in any branched group.

[0016] The pesticide formulation of the present invention contains a rainproofing agent, the agent being an alkyd resin.

[0017] Alkyd resins are polyesters that contain functional groups of saturated or unsaturated vegetable oils within their structure. They are produced by esterifying triglycerides (or fatty acids) and various monofunctional and difunctional acids or anhydrides with various difunctional, trifunctional, and tetrafunctional polyols.

[0018] Thus, in its simplest form, an alkyd resin can be obtained by reacting a triglyceride drying oil as defined above with glycerol to obtain a transesterified intermediate, which is further reacted with a polyfunctional acid to obtain an alkyd polymer, the chain length of which is determined by the ratio of monoglycerides and diglycerides in the mixture or the presence of other monofunctional species such as benzoic acid.

[0019] Polyfunctional acids typically used in this reaction are phthalic anhydride and its isomers, although other acids and combinations can also be used. Alkyds can be tailored to meet the requirements of many end uses either by changing the reactants or their ratios or by including modifiers.

[0020] Thus, an alkyd resin can be considered to be the reaction product of a polyol, a diacid, and a fatty acid. The alkyd resin polymer of the present invention is formed from the reaction of a C2-C16 diacid, a C6-C30 fatty acid, and a C3-C8 polyol.

[0021] The term polyol is well known in the art and refers to an alcohol containing two or more hydroxyl groups.

[0022] The polyol can be selected from triols, tetrols, pentols, hexols, heptols, or octols. Preferably, the polyol can be selected from triols, tetrols, pentols, hexols, or heptols. More preferably, the polyol can be selected from triols, tetrols, or hexols.

[0023] Suitable polyols may be selected from glycerol, diglycerol, triglycerol, tetraglycerol, erythritol, dierythritol, trierythritol, tetraerythritol, propylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, or pentaerythritol. Preferably, the polyol is selected from glycerol, diglycerol, triglycerol, tetraglycerol, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolpropane, isosorbide, or pentaerythritol. More preferably, the polyol is selected from glycerol, diglycerol, triglycerol, dimethylolpropane, trimethylolpropane, or pentaerythritol. Most preferably, glycerol, diglycerol, trimethylolpropane, or pentaerythritol.

[0024] In alternative embodiments, sugar alcohols may be used to form the polyol, but it will be understood that non-sugar alcohols as described above are preferred. In this specification, the terms “sugar” and “sugar alcohol” refer to the group of polyols derived from sugars having 4 to 7 hydroxyl groups. Examples of preferred sugars and sugar alcohols include monosaccharides and disaccharides having 4 to 7 hydroxyl groups.

[0025] Preferred sugar alcohols may be selected from glucose, fructose, sorbitol, sorbitan, xylitol, treitol, ribitol, fusitol, mannitol, sucrose, galactitol, iditol, inositol, or boremitol. Monosaccharide sugar alcohols may be particularly preferred. More preferably, the sugar alcohol may be selected from glucose, fructose, or sorbitol. Sorbitol or sorbitan may be particularly preferred as polyols obtained from natural sources.

[0026] The diacid in rainproofing agents is understood to be a molecule containing two carboxylic acid functional groups.

[0027] The diacid is selected from diacids of C2 to C16. Preferably, it is a diacid of C4 to C12. More preferably, it is a diacid of C4 to C10.

[0028] The diacitors can be of any suitable type, including both linear, branched, and cyclic diacitors. Linear or cyclic diacitors may be particularly preferred. Particularly preferred types of diacitors are linear C2-C16 diacitors, and more preferably linear C4-C10 diacitors.

[0029] Suitable linear diacitors may be selected from oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecanediic acid, dodecanediic acid, brassic acid, and thapsic acid. Preferably, the diacitor may be selected from succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, and undecanediic acid. More preferably, it is selected from succinic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, and sebacic acid. Most preferably, it is sebacic acid.

[0030] In preferred embodiments of cyclic diacids, the preferred diacid may be a diacid anhydride that yields an anhydride, which may be substituted or unsubstituted. The preferred anhydride may be selected from succinic anhydride and phthalic anhydride.

[0031] The fatty acids used in this invention are C6 to C30 fatty acids. Preferably, they are selected from C8 to C30 fatty acids, more preferably C12 to C24 fatty acids, particularly C14 to C22 fatty acids, and even more preferably C16 to C22 fatty acids. Specifically, C18 fatty acids may be preferred.

[0032] Fatty acids can be selected from straight-chain or branched-chain fatty acids. Fatty acids can be selected from saturated or unsaturated fatty acids.

[0033] If unsaturated fatty acids are present, they can be selected from unsaturated fatty acids containing at least one unsaturated carbon-carbon double bond. Unsaturated fatty acids having 1 to 3 carbon-carbon double bonds are particularly preferred. Monounsaturated fatty acid residues or diunsaturated fatty acid residues are most preferred. The carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain can be in either a cis or trans configuration.

[0034] Preferably, the fatty acid residues used are derived from linear monounsaturated or diunsaturated fatty acids. Preferred fatty acids may also include certain triunsaturated fatty acids, as their addition has been found to improve the stability properties of the cold liquid.

[0035] The iodine value is understood to represent the average amount of unsaturated iodine in fats or oils and is expressed in units of centigrams of iodine absorbed per gram of sample (percentage of absorbed iodine). If unsaturated fatty acids are present, the fatty acids may be selected such that the iodine value is greater than 70. Preferably, the iodine value is greater than 90. More preferably, the iodine value is greater than 100. Most preferably, the iodine value is greater than 110.

[0036] Preferred saturated fatty acids may be selected from caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, or lignoceric acid.

[0037] Suitable unsaturated fatty acids may be selected from myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, sapienic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, vaccenic acid, linoleic acid, linoleidic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, erucic acid, or docosahexaenoic acid. Preferred unsaturated fatty acids may be selected from oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, palmitoleic acid, or elaidic acid. Particularly preferred unsaturated fatty acids may be oleic acid, linoleic acid, and mixtures thereof.

[0038] In particular, the most preferred fatty acids can be selected from isostearic acid (saturated, branched-chain C18), stearic acid (saturated, straight-chain C18), isostearic acid (saturated, branched-chain C18), caprylic acid (saturated, straight-chain C8), lauric acid (saturated, straight-chain C12), and mixtures thereof.

[0039] The fatty acids may be a mixture of unsaturated fatty acids obtained from natural fats and oils, such as canola oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, olive oil, cottonseed oil, grape seed oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, safflower oil, cottonseed oil, or tall oil. Preferably, it is canola oil, rapeseed oil, safflower oil, soybean oil, or tall oil. More preferably, it is soybean oil or rapeseed oil.

[0040] Particularly preferred fatty acids may be selected from soybean oil, stearic acid, or isostearic acid.

[0041] In alternative embodiments, the fatty acids used may be purified before use in the present invention. Purification may be performed to increase the level of desired fatty acid chains or decrease the level of undesirable fatty acid chains in order to change the iodine value, titer value, or pour point.

[0042] Fatty acids can be either mixtures formed by blending a number of different fatty acids, or mixtures that occur naturally as a result of using natural oils.

[0043] Certain alkyd resins formed from combinations of polyols, diacids, and fatty acids may be preferred. Preferred combinations may be selected from glycerol-azelaic acid-rapeseed oil, glycerol-isostearate-adipic acid, glycerol-succinic acid-soybean oil, pentaerythritol-azelaic acid-soybean oil, trimethylolpropane-adipic acid-soybean oil, glycerol-azelaic acid-isostearate, glycerol-azelaic acid-stearic acid / isostearate blend, diglycerol-azelaic acid-stearic acid / isostearate blend, diglycerol-sebacic acid-soybean oil, pentaerythritol-sebacic acid-soybean oil, glycerol-azelaic acid-lauric acid, pentaerythritol-succinic anhydride-soybean oil, glycerol-azelaic acid-adipic acid-stearic acid, pentaerythritol-azelaic acid-caprylic acid, and glycerol-azelaic acid-soybean oil and stearic acid blends.

[0044] The resulting alkyd resin can be any suitable type, including both linear and branched copolymers. If the copolymer is linear, it may be a block copolymer, an alternating copolymer, or a periodic copolymer. If the copolymer is branched, it may be a graft copolymer or a star copolymer. Branched copolymers may be particularly preferred.

[0045] The molecular weight of alkyd resins is typically 2,000–280,000 Da, particularly 2,500–250,000 Da, more specifically 3,000–220,000 Da, and more specifically about 3,500–210,000 Da.

[0046] In certain embodiments, the molecular weight may be in the range of 92,000 to 220,000 Da, particularly 100,000 Da to 180,000 Da, more particularly 115,000 to 165,000 Da, and specifically about 125,000 to 150,000 Da.

[0047] The molecular weight is determined by size exclusion GPC (SE-GPC) as described herein, specifically by size exclusion chromatography such as the TSKgel GMPWXL protocol.

[0048] The amount of C3-C8 polyol present in the alkyd resin is in the range of 5-45% by weight as a percentage of the total weight of the copolymer. More preferably, it is in the range of 7-40% by weight. Even more preferably, it is in the range of 10-38% by weight. Most preferably, it is in the range of 15-35% by weight.

[0049] The amount of C2-C16 diacids present in the alkyd resin is in the range of 2 to 60% by weight as a percentage of the total weight of the copolymer. More preferably, it is in the range of 5 to 55% by weight. Even more preferably, it is in the range of 8 to 50% by weight. Most preferably, it is in the range of 10 to 45% by weight.

[0050] The amount of C6-C30 fatty acids present in the alkyd resin is in the range of 20-85% by weight as a percentage of the total weight of the copolymer. More preferably, it is in the range of 25-80% by weight. Even more preferably, it is in the range of 30-75% by weight. Most preferably, it is in the range of 35-70% by weight.

[0051] The molar ratio of fatty acid, polyol, and diacid may be in the range of 1:0.35 to 0.60:0.60 to 0.95. Preferably, it is in the range of 1:0.40 to 0.57:0.70 to 0.95. More preferably, it is in the range of 1:0.45 to 0.53:0.75 to 0.94.

[0052] Alkyd resins may be used in emulsion form or within an emulsion system, and can be combined with pesticide formulations.

[0053] Preferably, the carbon-containing portion of the alkyd resin is at least 60% bio-based, more preferably at least 70%, and particularly at least 80%, based on the total weight of the carbon-containing portion of the composition.

[0054] The level of the bio-based content of the compound is, 14 This can be determined by ASTM D6866, a standardized analytical method using 14C radiocarbon dating. ASTM D6866 distinguishes carbon derived from bio-based inputs from carbon derived from fossil-based inputs. Using this criterion, the proportion of carbon from renewable resources can be calculated from the total carbon in a sample.

[0055] Alkyd resins may be biodegradable. Preferably, at least 25% of the alkyd resin decomposes within a period of 28 days according to OECD Laws 301B and 301F. More preferably, at least 30%. Most preferably, at least 40%.

[0056] Therefore, alkyd resins may have advantages over previous compounds used for this function in that they are more bio-based, more biodegradable, and thus more sustainable.

[0057] Alkyd resins can be produced by any known method, within the bounds of the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[0058] For example, alkyd resins can be formed using a fatty acid process, in which a diacid, a polyol, and a fatty acid are combined and heated together until the product reaches a predetermined viscosity level.

[0059] The formulation / composition may contain one or more biologically active ingredients (including plant stimulants, particularly plant protection products (also known as PPPs)). Preferred examples of active ingredients, particularly plant stimulants, include fungicides, fungicides, insecticides, nematicides, molluscicides, biological formulations, acaricides or mite control agents, pest control agents, and biocides.

[0060] Further possible active ingredients include disinfectants, microorganisms, rodenticides, weed control agents (herbicides), attractants, (bird) repellents, plant growth regulators (such as gibberellic acid, auxin, or cytokinin), nutrients (such as potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, and iron chelates), plant hormones, minerals, plant extracts, germination stimulants, pheromones, and biological preparations.

[0061] Suitable pesticide-active substances for use in formulations according to the present invention are all pesticide-active compounds that may be solid or liquid at room temperature. It is assumed that the adjuvants of the present invention will have broad applicability to all types of pesticide-active substances.

[0062] In the context of this invention, pesticide-active substances refer to plant protection agents, and more particularly, biocides, which are chemical substances capable of killing various forms of organisms, used in fields such as medicine, agriculture, forestry, and mosquito control. So-called plant growth regulators are also counted in the group of biocides.

[0063] The biocides for use in the pesticide formulations of the present invention can typically be divided into two subgroups: Pest control agents including fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, algaecides, mollusk repellents, acaricides and rodenticides, and Antimicrobial agents, including bactericides, antibiotics, antimicrobial agents, antiviral agents, antifungal agents, antiprotozoal agents, and antiparasitic agents.

[0064] In particular, biocides selected from insecticides, fungicides, or herbicides may be especially preferred.

[0065] The term “pesticide” will be understood to refer to any substance or mixture of substances intended to avoid, eliminate, deter, or reduce any pest. Pesticides may be chemical or biological agents (such as viruses or bacteria) used against pests, including insects, plant pathogens, weeds, mollusks, birds, mammals, fish, nematodes (roundworms), and pathogenic fungi, that compete with humans for food, destroy property, spread disease, or are otherwise troublesome. The following examples illustrate pesticides suitable for agricultural compositions according to the present invention.

[0066] Fungicidal agents are chemical agents used to control fungi. They are chemical compounds used to prevent fungal infestations in gardens and on crops. Fungicidal agents are also used to combat fungal infections. Fungicidal agents can be either contact or systemic. Contact fungicidal agents kill fungi upon contact with the agent, which is held on the surface of leaves. Systemic fungicidal agents are absorbed into plant tissues and kill fungi when they attempt to invade the host.

[0067] Examples of suitable fungicides according to the present invention include the following species: (3-ethoxypropyl)mercury bromide, 2-methoxyethylmercury chloride, 2-phenylphenol, 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate, 8-phenylmercuryoxyquinoline, acibenzoral, acyl amino acid fungicides, acipetax, algimorph, aliphatic nitrogen fungicides, allyl alcohol, amide fungicides, ampropylphos, anilazine, anilide fungicides, antibiotic fungicides, aromatic fungicides, aurelofandin, azaconazole, azithiram, azoxystrobin, barium polysulfate Benalaxyl-M, Benodanil, Benomyl, Benquinox, Bentalon, Bentiavaricarb, Benzalkonium chloride, Benzamacryl, Benzamide fungicide, Benzamorph, Benzanilide fungicide, Benzimidazole fungicide, Benzimidazole precursor fungicide, Benzimidazolyl carbamate fungicide, Benzohydroxamic acid, Benzothiazole fungicide, Besoxazine, Binapacril, Biphenyl, Vitertanol, Bitisinol, Blastocidine-S, Bordeaux mixture, Boscalid, Cross-linked diphenyl fungicide, Bromconazole Bupirimate, Burgundy mixture, Buthiobate, Butylamine, Calcium polysulfide, Captahol, Captan, Carbamate fungicide, Carbamorph, Carbanilate fungicide, Carbendazim, Carboxone, Carpropamide, Carvon, Cheshant mixture, Quinomethionate, Clobentiazon, Chloraniformethane, Chloranil, Chlorphenazole, Chlorodinitronaphthalene, Chloroneb, Chloropicrin, Chlothalonil, Chlorquinox, Clozolinate, Cyclopirox, Crinbazole, Clotrimazole Conazole fungicides, conazole fungicides (imidazole), conazole fungicides (triazole), copper(II) acetate, copper(II) carbonate, basic copper fungicides, copper hydroxide, copper naphthenate, copper oleate, copper oxychloride, copper(II) sulfate, copper sulfate, basic copper zinc chromate, cresol, cufraneb, cuprobum, cuprous oxide, cyazofamide, cyclafamide, cyclic dithiocarbamate fungicides, cycloheximide, cyflufenamide, cymoxanil, cypendazole, cyproconazole, cyprodinil, dazomet, DBCP, debacarb, decafentin,Dehydroacetic acid, dicarboximide fungicides, diclofluanid, diclon, dichlorofen, dichlorophenyl, dicarboximide fungicides, diclozolin, diclobutrazol, diclocimet, diclomazine, dichloran, diethofencarb, diethyl pyrocarbonate, difenoconazole, diflumetrim, dimethirimol, dimethomorph, dimoxystrobin, diniconazole, dinitrophenol fungicides, dinobuton, dinocup, dinocton, dinopenton, dinosulfone, dinoterbone, diphenylamine, dipyrithione, disulfiram Ditalimphos, dithianone, dithiocarbamate fungicide, DNOC, dodemorph, dodizine, dodin, donatodin, dorazoxolone, edifenphos, epoxyconazole, etaconazole, etem, etaboxam, etirimol, ethoxyquin, ethylmercury 2,3-dihydroxypropyl mercaptide, ethyl mercury acetate, ethylmercury bromide, ethylmercury chloride, ethylmercury phosphate, etridiazole, famoxadone, phenamidon, phenaminosulf, phenapanil, phenalimol, fenbuconazole, fenflam, fenhexamide, fenitro Pan, phenoxanil, fenpiclonil, fenpropidine, fenpropimorph, fentin, felbam, ferimzon, fluazinam, fludioxonil, flumetobel, flupicolide, fluoroimide, fluotorimazole, fluoxastrobin, fluquinconazole, flucilazole, flusulfamide, flutoranil, flutriafor, holpet, formaldehyde, fosetil, fuberidazole, flaraxil, flametopyr, flamide fungicide, fluanilide fungicide, flucarbanil, fluconazole, fluconazole-cis, fluf Lar, Flumecyclox, Flophanate, Gliodin, Griseofulvin, Guazatin, Haraclinate, Hexachlorobenzene, Hexachlorobutadiene, Hexachlorofen, Hexaconazole, Hexylthiofos, Hydragafen, Himexazole, Imazalil, Imibenconazole, Imidazole fungicides, Iminoctadine, Inorganic fungicides, Inorganic mercury fungicides, Iodomethane, Ipconazole, Iprobenphos, Iprodione, Iprovalicarb, Isoprothiolane, Isobalezion, Kasugamycin, Kresoximmethyl, Lime sulfur mixture,Mancozeb, Maneb, Mebenil, Mecarbinzide, Mepanipyrim, Mepronil, Mercuric chloride, Mercuric oxide, Mercurous chloride, Mercury fungicides, Metalaxyl, Metalaxyl-M, Metam, Metazoxolone, Metconazole, Metasulfocarb, Metofloxam, Methyl bromide, Methyl isothiocyanate, Methylmercury benzoate, Methylmercury dicyandiamide, Methylmercury pentachlorophenoxide, Methylram, Metminostrobin, Metraphenone, Methosulfovax, Milneb, Morpholine fungicides, Mycrobutanil, Mycrozolin, N -(ethylmercury)-p-toluenesulfonanilide, nabam, natamycin, nitrostyrene, nitrotar isopropyl, nualimol, OCH, octylinone, offrace, organomercury fungicides, organophosphate fungicides, organotin fungicides, orysastrobin, oxadixyl, oxatiin fungicides, oxazole fungicides, oxin copper, oxpoconazole, oxycarboxyne, pefurazoate, penconazole, pencyclon, pentachlorophenol, penthiopyrad, phenylmercury urea, phenylmercury acetate, phenylmercury chloride, pyrocatechol Nylmercury derivatives, phenylmercury nitrate, phenylmercury salicylate, phenylsulfamide fungicides, phosdiphen, phthalide, phthalimide fungicides, picoxystrobin, piperalin, polycarbamate, high molecular weight dithiocarbamate fungicides, polyoxin, polyoxolim, polysulfide fungicides, potassium azide, potassium polysulfide, potassium thiocyanate, probenazole, prochloraz, procymidone, propamocarb, propiconazole, propineb, proquinazide, prothiocarb, prothioconazole, pyracarboride, pyraclostrobin Pyrazole fungicides, pyrazofos, pyridine fungicides, pyridinitrile, pyrifenox, pyrimethanil, pyrimidine fungicides, pyroquilon, pyroxiclor, piroxifia, pyrrole fungicides, quinacetol, quinazamide, quinconazole, quinoline fungicides, quinone fungicides, quinoxaline fungicides, quinoxifen, quintozen, ravenzazole, salicylanilide, silthiofame, simeconazole, sodium azide, sodium orthophenylphenoxide, sodium pentachlorophenoxide, sodium polysulfide, spiroxamine,Streptomycin, strobilurin fungicides, sulfonanilide fungicides, sulfur, sultropen, TCMTB, tebuconazole, tecrophthalam, technazen, tecolam, tetraconazole, thiabendazole, thiadifluol, thiazole fungicides, thiofen, tifluzamide, thiocarbamate fungicides, thiochlorfenfim, thiomersal, thiophanate, thiophanate-methyl, thiophene fungicides, thioquinox, thyram, thiadinil, thioxide, tibedo, tolcrophosmethyl, tolnaftate, trilf Luanid, tolyl mercury acetate, triadimephon, triadimenol, triamiphos, trialimol, triazbutyl, triazine fungicides, triazole fungicides, triazoxide, tributyltin oxide, triclamide, triciclazole, trifloxystrobin, triflumizole, triforine, triticonazole, unclassified fungicides, undecylenic acid, uniconazole, urea fungicides, validamycin, valinamide fungicides, vinclozoline, zarilamide, zinc naphthenate, zineb, ziramide, zoxamide, and mixtures thereof.

[0068] Herbicides are pest control agents used to kill undesirable plants. Selective herbicides kill specific targets while leaving desired crops relatively harmless. Some of these work by interfering with weed growth and are often plant hormone-based. Herbicides used to clear barren land are non-selective and kill all plant material they come into contact with. Herbicides are widely used in agricultural and garden lawn management. They are applied in Integrated Vegetation Management (TVC) programs for highway and railway maintenance. Smaller amounts are used in the management of forests, grazing systems, and areas left as wildlife habitats.

[0069] Examples of herbicides available in this disclosure include, but are not limited to, 4-CPA, 4-CPB, 4-CPP, 2,4-D, 3,4-DA, 2,4-DB, 3,4-DB, 2,4-DEB, 2,4-DEP, 3,4-DP, 2,3,6-TBA, 2,4,5-T, 2,4,5-TB, acetochlor, acialorphen, acroniphen, acrolein, alachlor, and aridoc. Lol, Aloxidim, Allyl Alcohol, Arolac, Ametridione, Ametrin, Amivudine, Amiccarbazone, Amidosulfuron, Aminocyclopyrachlor, Aminopyralide, Amiprophosmethyl, Amitrol, Ammonium sulfamate, Anirophos, Anistron, Ashram, Atlaton, Atrazine, Azaphenidine, Azimsulfuron, Adiprothrin, Barban, BCPC, Beflubutamide Benazoline, Bencarbazone, Benfluralin, Benfresate, Bensulfuron, Benslido, Bentazone, Benzadox, Benzfenzizone, Benzipram, Benzobicyclon, Benzofenap, Benzofior, Benzoylprop, Benzthiazuron, Bicyclopyrone, Bifenox, Viranafos, Bispirivac, Borax, Bromacil, Bromobonyl, Bromobutide, Bromophenoxime, Bromoxynil, Brompyrazone, Butachlor, Butaphenacil, Butamiphos, Butenacrol, Butidazole, Butiurone, Butrolin, Butroxidime, Buturone, Butyrate, Cacodylic acid, Cafenstrol, Calcium chlorate, Calcium cyanamide, Cambenichlor, Carvaslam, Carbetamide, Carboxazole thioprocarb chiorprocarb, carfentrazone, CDEA, CEPC, clomethoxyfen, chloramben, chloranocryl, chlorajifop, chlorazine, chlorbromulone, chlorbufam, chloretulone, chlorfenac, chlorfenprop, chlorflurazole, chlorflurenol, chloridazone, chlorimurone, chlornitrofen, chloropon, chlorotolurone, chloroxurone, chloroxylyl, chlorprofam, chlorsulfurone, chlortal, sinidone ethyl, scinmethilone, sinosulfurone, cisanilide, cretodymium, cliodinate,Clodinahop, Clohop, Cromazon, Clomeprop, Cloprop, Cloproxidyme, Clopyralide, Chloranslam, CMA, Copper Sulfate, CPMF, CPPC, Credazine, Cresol, Cumilon, Cyanatrin, Cyanazine, Cycloate, Cyclosulfamurone, Cycloxidyme, Cycluron, Cyhalofop, Cypercort, Ciprazine, Ciprazole, Cipromide, Dimuron, Darapon, Dazomet, Delacrol, Desmedifam, Desmethrin, Dialate, Dicanba, Diclobenyl, Dichloralurea, Dicloitone Dichloroprop, dichloroprop, diclohop, diclothrum, dietamcort, dietatil, diphenopenten, diphenoxuron, diphenzocort, diflufenican, diflufenzopir, dimeflon, dimepiperate, dimethachlor, dimethametrin, dimetenamide, dimetenamide P, dimexano, dimidazon, dinitramine, dinophenate, dinoprop, dinosam, dinoseb, dinoterb, diphenamide, dipropetrin, diquat, disul, dithiopir, diuron, DMPA, DNOC, D SMA, EBEP, Eglinazine, Epronaz, EPTC, Elbon, Esprocarb, Etalfluralin, Etamethosulfuron, Ethidimron, Ethiolate, Etofmesate, Ethoxyfen, Ethoxysulfuron, Ethinofen, Etonipromide, Etobenzanide, EXD, Fenashram, Fenoprop, Fenoxaprop, Fenoxaprop P, Fenoxasulfone, Fenteracol, Fentiaprop, Fentrazamide, Fenuron, Ferrous sulfate, Flamprop, Flamprop M, Flazasulfuron, Florasram, Fluadifop, Fluadifop-P, Fluazolate, Flucarbazone, Flucetosulfuron, Fluchloralin, Fluphenacet, Flufenican, Flufenpyr, Flumetulam, Flumazine, Flumicrolac, Flumioxazine, Flumipropine, Fluomethron, Fluorodifen, Fluoroglycofen, Fluoromidine, Fluoronitrophen, Fluothirone, Flupoxam, Flupropasil, Flupropanate, Flupyrsulfuron, Flulidone, Fluorochloridone, Fluoroxypyr, Flulutamone,Fluthiaset, fomesafen, foramsulfuron, fosamin, fluroxifene, glufosinate, glufosinate P, glyphosate, halosafen, halosulfuron, haloxydine, haloxyhop, haloxyhop, hexachloroacetone, hexaflurate, hexazinone, imazametabenz, imazamox, imazapick, imazapir, imazakine, imazetapir, imazosulfuron, indanophan, indazifiam, iodobonyl, iodomethane, iodosulfuron, ioxynil, ipazine, ipufe Carbazone, Iprimidum, Isocarbamide, Isosyl, Isomethidine, Isonolone, Isopolinate, Isoproparine, Isoproturone, Isourone, Isoxaben, Isoxachlortol, Isoxaflutol, Isoxapyrhop, Carbutyrate, Ketospiradox, Lactofen, Linuron, MAA, MAMA, MCPA, MCPAthioethyl, MCPB, Mecoprop, Mecoprop P, Medinoterb, Mefenacet, Mefluidide, Mesoprazine, Mesosulfuron, Mesotrione, Metam, Metamihop, Metamitron, Metaza Chloride, Metazosulfuron, Metoflurazone, Metabenzthiazulon, Metalpropalin, Metasol, Methiobencarb, Methiozoline, Methyluron, Metmeton, Metoprothrin, Methyl bromide, Methyl isothiocyanate, Methyldimuron, Metobenzulon, Metobromulone, Metrachlor, Metoslam, Metoxlon, Metrivudine, Metosulfuron, Molinate, Monalid, Monisouron, Monochloroacetate, Monolinuron, Monuron, Morphamcort, MSMA, Naproanilide, Napropamide, Naptalam, Nebulon, Nicosulfuron Nipiraclofen, Nitraline, Nitrofen, Nitrofluorphen, Norflurazone, Norlon, OCH, Olbencarb, Orthodichlorobenzene, Orthosulfamurone, Oryzaline, Oxaziargyl, Oxadiazone, Oxapirazone, Oxasulfuron, Oxadiclomefone, Oxyfluorphen, Parafluoron, Paraquat, Pebrate, Pelargonic acid, Pendimethalin, Penoxuslam, Pentachlorophenol, Pentanocrol, Pentoxazone, Perfluidone, Petoxamide, Phenisopham, Fenmedifam,Fenmedifam ethyl, phenobenzuron, phenylmercury acetate, picloram, picolinafene, pinoxadene, piperofos, potassium arsenite, potassium azide, potassium cyanate, pretilachlor, primisulfuron, procyazin, prodiamine, profluazole, profluralin, profoxidim, proglinadin, prometon, prometrin, propacrol, propanil, propaxazofop, propazine, profam, propisochlor, propoxycarbazone, propirisulfuron, propizamide, prosulfarin, prosulfocactus Lubu, Prosulfuron, Pruoxan, Prinachlor, Pidanon, Pyraclonil, Pyraflufen, Pyrasulfol, Pyrazolinate, Pyrazosulfuron, Pyrazoxiphen, Pyribenzoxime, Pyributicarb, Pyriclor, Pyridafol, Pyridate, Pyriphthalide, Pyriminovac, Pyrimisulfan, Pyrthiovac, Pyroxasulfone, Pyroxuslam, Kinchlorac, Kinmelac, Quinoclamine, Quinonamide, Quizalohop, Quizalohop P, Rodetanil, Limusulfuron, Saflufenacil, S-Metrachlor, Sebutyrazine , Secumetone, Cethoxydim, Sidurone, Simazine, Symetone, Simetrin, SMA, Sodium Arsenite, Sodium Azide, Sodium Chlorate, Sulcotrione, Sulfate, Sulfenthrazone, Sulfomethane, Sulfosulfuron, Sulfuric Acid, Sulglycapine, Swep, TCA, Tebutam, Tebuthiurone, Tefuryltrione, Tempotrione, Teproxidim, Terbasil, Terbucarb, Terbuchlor, Terbumetone, Terbutyrazine, Terbutrin, Tetrafluorone, Tenylchlor, Thiazafluorone, Thiazopyr, Thiadiazi Min, thidiazulon, thiencarbazone methyl, thifensulfuron, thiobencarb, thiocarbasil, thiochlorim, topramezone, tralcoxidime, triallate, triasulfuron, triaziflame, trivenuron, tricamba, triclopyr, tridiphan, trietadine, trifloxysulfuron, trifluralin, triflusulfuron, trihop, trihopsim, trihydroxytriazine, trimethurone, triphopindan, tritac tritosulfuron, bemolate, xylacrol, and mixtures thereof.

[0070] A safer refers to an active ingredient applied in conjunction with herbicides to protect crops from damage caused by them. Some of the safers available in this disclosure include, but are not limited to, benoxacol, benthiocarb, brassinolide, croquintoset (mexyl), siomethrinyl, dimuron, dichlormid, dicyclonone, dimepiperate, disulfon, fenchlorazole ethyl, fenchlorim, flurazole, fluxofenim, flirazole, isoxadifen ethyl, mefenpyrdiethyl, MG 191, MON 4660, naphthalic anhydride (NA), oxavethrinyl, R29148, N-phenylsulfonylbenzoic acid amide, and mixtures thereof.

[0071] Suitable herbicides may be selected from the group including: aryloxycarboxylic acids, e.g., MCPA; allyloxyphenoxypropionic acid, e.g., clodinahop; cyclohexanedione oxime, e.g., cethoxydime; hydroxybenzonitrile, e.g., bromoxyn; sulfonylurea, e.g., nicosulfuron; triazolopyrimidine, e.g., penoxulam; trikethion, e.g., mesotrione; triazine herbicides, e.g., metrivudine, hexaxinone, or atrazine; sulfonylurea herbicides such as chlorsulfuron; uracil, bromacil, or terbacil; urea herbicides such as linuron, diuron, cizuron, or nebulon; acetanilate such as alachlor or metrachlor. Herbicides; thiocarbamate herbicides such as benthiocarb and trialtar; oxadiazolone herbicides such as oxadiazone; isoxazolidone herbicides, phenoxyacetic acid; diphenyl ether herbicides such as fluadifop, acyfluorphen, bifenox or oxyfluorphen; dinitroaniline herbicides such as trifluralin; organophosphonic acid herbicides such as glufosinate salts and esters and glyphosate salts and esters; and / or dihalobenzonitrile herbicides such as bromoxynil or ioxinil, benzoic acid herbicides, dipyridilium herbicides such as paraquat; and other herbicides such as chromazon, carfentrazone, saflufenacil and pyroxasulfone.

[0072] Insecticides are pest control agents used against insects in all stages of development, and include ovicidal and larvicidal agents used against insect eggs and larvae. Insecticides are used in agriculture, medicine, industry, and households.

[0073] Examples of insecticides available in this disclosure include, but are not limited to, 1,2-dichloropropane, abamectin, acephate, acetamiprid, acetylone, acetoprole, acrinatrin, acrylonitrile, alanicarb, aldicarb, aldoxycarb, aldrin, allethrin, allosamidin, alixicarb, α-cypermethrin, α-ecdysone, α-endosulfan, amidithione, aminocarb, amiton, amiton oxalate, amitraz, anabacin, atidathion, azadirachtin, and azame Thiphos, Adinphosethyl, Adinphosmethyl, Azothoate, Barium Hexafluorosilicate, Bartholin, Bendiocarb, Benfuracarb, Bensultap, β-Cyfluthrin, β-Cypermethrin, Bifenthrin, Biorethrin, Bioetanomethrin, Biopermethrin, Bistrifluorone, Borax, Boric acid, Bromfenbinphos, BromoDDT, Bromophos, Bromophosethyl, Bufencarb, Buprofezin, Butacarb, Butathiophos, Butocarboxime, Butonate, Butoxycarboxime, Kazusaphos, Calcium Arsenate Calcium polysulfide, campechlor, carbanolate, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride, carbophenothione, carbosulfan, cartap, cartap hydrochloride, chlorantraniliprole, chlorbicyclene, chlordane, chlordecone, chlordimeform, chlordimeform hydrochloride, chloretoxyphos, chlorfenapyr, chlorfenbinphos, chlorfluazuron, chlormephos, chloroform, chloropicrin, chlorphoxime, chlorprazophos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos methyl, chlorthiophos, thio Mafenozide (chiOmafenozide), Synerin I, Synerin II, Synerin, cismethrin, Chloetocarb, Closantel, Clothianidin, Copper acetoarsenite, Copper arsenate, Copper naphthenate, Copper oleate, Coumaphos, Cumitoate, Crotamiton, Clothoxyphos, Culfomate, Cyanofenphos, Cyanophos, Cyanthoate, Cyantraniliprole, Ciclethrin, Cycloprotrin, Cyfluthrin, Cyhalothrin, Cypermethrin, Cyphenothrin, Cyromazine, Cythioate, DDT, Decarbofuran, Deltamethrin,Demefion, Demefion O, Demefion S, Demeton, Demeton Methyl, Demeton O, Demeton O Methyl, Demeton S, Demeton S Methyl, Demeton S Methylsulfone, Diafenthiurone, Dialiphos, Diatomaceous Earth, Diazinon, Dicapton, Diclofenthion, Dichlorvos, Diclesyl, Diclotophos, Dicyclanil, Dieldrin, Diflubenzuron, Dirol, Dimefluthrin, Dimehox, Dimethan, Dimethoate, Dimethrin, Dimethylvinphos, Dimethilane, Dynex, Dynex Diclexin, Dinoprop, Dinosum, Dinotefuran, diofenolan, dioxabenzophos, dioxacarb, dioxathion, disulfonate, diticlophos, d-limonene, DNOC, DNOC ammonium salt, DNOC potassium salt, DNOC sodium salt, doramectin, ecdysterone, emamectin, emamectin benzoate, EMPC, empenfhrin, endosulfan, endothion, endrin, EPN, epophenonane, eprinomectin, esdeparethrin, esfenvalerate, etaphos, ethiofencarb, ethione, ethiprole, Ethoate-methyl, etoprophos, ethyl formate, ethyl DDD, ethylene dibromide, ethylene dichloride, ethylene oxide, etofenprox, etrimphos, EXD, Fanfar, phenamiphos, phenazaflor, fenchlorphos, phenetacarb, fenfluthrin, fenitrothion, phenobucarb, phenoxacrim, phenoxycarb, fenpyritrin, fenpropathrin, fensulfothion, fenthion, fenthionethyl, fenvalerate, fipronil, flonicamide, flubendiamide, flucoflon, flucyclo Xuron, flucitrinate, fluphenelim, flufenoxuron, flufenprox, fluvalinate, honofos, formetanate, formetanate hydrochloride, formothione, homiparanate, homiparanate hydrochloride, fosmethilan, fospilate, fosthiethane, fufenozide, flatiocarb, freslin, γ-cyhalotrin, γ-HCH, halfenprox, halofenozide, HCH, HEOD, heptachlor, heptenofos, heterophos, hexaflumuron, HHDN, hydramethylnon, hydrogen cyanide, hydroprene, hikincarb,Imidacloprid, Imiprothrin, Indoxacarb, Iodomethane, IPSP, Isazofos, Isobenzane, Isocarbophos, Isodrine, Isofenphos, Isofenphosmethyl, Isoprocarb, Isoprothiolane, Isothioate, Isoxathion, Ivermectin, Jasmolin I, Jasmolin II, Jodofenphos, Juvenile Hormone I, Juvenile Hormone II, Juvenile Hormone III, Kereban, Quinoprene, λ-Cyhalothrin, Lead Arsenate, Lepimectin, Leptophos, Lindane, Lilimphos, Lufenuron, Litidathion, Malathion, Malo Noven, Magidox, Mecarbam, Mecarbhon, Menazone, Meperfluthrin, Mephosphoran, Mercurous Chloride, Mesulfenphos, Metaflumizone, Methacryphos, Methamidophos, Methidathion, Methiocarb, Metoclotophos, Methomyl, Methotrin, Methoxychlor, Methoxyphenozide, Methyl Bromide, Methyl Isothiocyanate, Methylchloroform, Methylene Chloride, Metofluthrin, Metolcarb, Methoxadiazone, Mevinphos, Mexacalbate, Milbemectin, Milbemycin Oxime, Mipahox, Mirex, Morosultap, Mo Noclotophos, Monomehipo, Monosultap, Morphothion, Moxidectin, Naphthalophos, Nared, Naphthalene, Nicotine, Niflulidide, Nitenpyram, Nichiazine, Nitrilacarb, Novalon, Noviflumuron, Omethoate, Oxamyl, Oxidemetonmethyl, Oxideprophos, Oxydisulfon, Paradichlorobenzene, Parathion, Parathionmethyl, Penfluorone, Pentachlorophenol, Permethrin, Fencapton, Phenothrin, Phenthoate, Phorate, Fosalon, Phospholane, Fosmet, Fosniclor, Ho Sphamidone, phosphine, foxim, foximmethyl, pyrimetaphos, pyrimicarb, pyrimiphosethyl, pyrimiphosmethyl, potassium arsenite, potassium thiocyanate, pp'-DDT, prallethrin, precosen I, precosen II, precosen III, primidophos, profenophos, profluralin, profluthrin, promacil, promecarb, propaphos, propetamphos, propoxar, protidathion, prothiophos, protoate, protrefenbut, pymetrozine, pyraclofos, pyrafluprole, pyrazofos, pyresmethrin,Pyrethrin I, Pyrethrin II, Pyrethrin, Pyridaben, Pyridaryl, Pyridafenthion, Pyrifluquinazone, Pyrimidifen, Pyrimitate, Pyriprole, Pyriproxyfen, Cassia, Quinalphos, Quinalphosmethyl, Quinotion, Rahoxanide, Resmethrin, Rotenone, Lianya, Savajila, Shuladan, Selamectin, Silafluofen, Silica gel, Sodium arsenite, Sodium fluoride, Hex Sodium safluorosilicate, sodium thiocyanate, sofamide, spinetoram, spiromesifen, spirotetramato, sulcoflon, sulcoflon sodium, sulfuramide, sulfotep, sulfoxaflor, sulfuryl fluoride, sulfurophos, tau-fluvalinate, tadimucarb, TDE, tebufenozide, tebufenpyrad, tebupyrimphos, teflubenzuron, tefluthrin, temephos, TEPP, Terarethrin, terbuphos, tetrachloroethane, tetrachlorvinphos, tetramethrin, tetramethylfluthrin, θ-cypei-methiin, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, ticlophos, thiocarboxime, thiocyclam, thiocyclam oxalate, thiodicarb, thiophanox, thiometon, thiosultap, thiosultap disodium salt, thiosultap monosodium salt, turingiencin, tolfenpyrad, tralomethrin, transfluthrin, transpermethrin, triatene, triazamate, triazophos, trichlorfon, trichlormetaphos-3, trichloronate, triphenophos, triflumulone, trimetacarb, triprene, bamidothion, vaniliprole, XMC, xylylcarb, ζ-cypermethrin, zolaprophos, and mixtures thereof.

[0074] Acaricides are pesticides that kill mites. Antibiotic acaricides, carbamate acaricides, formamidine acaricides, mite growth regulators, organochlorines, permethrin, and organophosphate acaricides all belong to this category. Mollusk control agents are pesticides used to control mollusks such as slugs and snails. Examples of these substances include metaldehyde, methiocarb, and aluminum sulfate. Nematicides are a type of chemical pesticide used to kill parasitic nematodes (a phylum of worms).

[0075] Biological preparations, understood to be products derived from organisms such as bacteria or fungi, may also be used.

[0076] Most preferably, the active substance present in the pesticide formulation of the present invention may be selected from carbamate, carboxamide, chloronitrile, copper compounds, strobilurin, triazole, phosphoramidate, cyanoimidoamide, nitroguanidine, organic phosphate, pyrethroid, chloroacetamide, phenyl ether, sulfonylurea, and triazine.

[0077] The formulation may contain at least one nutrient. Nutrients refer to chemical elements and compounds that are desirable or necessary for promoting or improving plant growth. Nutrients are generally described as macronutrients or micronutrients. Nutrients suitable for use in the concentrate according to the present invention are micronutrient compounds, which are preferably solid or partially soluble at room temperature.

[0078] Nutrients may be present in addition to or as a substitute for the pesticide active substance. In such formulations / compositions, the nutrients are typically in a dry form.

[0079] Nutrients may preferably be solid-phase nutrients. In this invention, solid nutrients should be understood to mean substances with a melting point (at standard pressure) above 20°C. Solid nutrients also include insoluble nutrients, i.e., nutrients with water solubility such that a significant amount of solids remains in the concentrate after addition.

[0080] Micronutrients typically refer to trace metals or trace elements, and are often applied in lower doses. Suitable micronutrients include trace elements selected from zinc, boron, chlorine, copper, iron, molybdenum, and manganese. It is anticipated that the rainproofing agent of the present invention will have broad applicability to all types of micronutrients.

[0081] Micronutrients may be included in soluble form or as insoluble solids, and may be in the form of salts or chelates. Preferably, the micronutrients are in the form of carbonates or oxides.

[0082] Preferably, the micronutrients may be selected from zinc, calcium, molybdenum or manganese, or magnesium. Particularly preferred micronutrients for use in the present invention may be selected from zinc oxide, manganese carbonate, manganese oxide, or calcium carbonate.

[0083] If present, the amount of micronutrients in the concentrate may typically range from 5% to 40% by weight, more commonly from 10% to 35% by weight, and especially from 15% to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the concentrate.

[0084] Typically, when mixed into a formulation during manufacturing, the average particle size of the solid pesticide is 50 μm to 100 μm. However, typically, the formulation is wet-ground after mixing to reduce the average particle size to 1 μm to 10 μm, more preferably 1 μm to 5 μm.

[0085] The formulations of the present invention may also contain at least one macronutrient. Macronutrients typically include those containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and include fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate and water conditioners. Suitable macronutrients include fertilizers and other nitrogen, phosphorus, or sulfur-containing compounds, as well as water conditioners.

[0086] Suitable fertilizers include inorganic fertilizers that provide nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, or sulfur. Examples of such fertilizers include: In the case of nitrogen as a nutrient: nitrates and / or ammonium salts, e.g., ammonium nitrate (including combinations with urea, such as in uranium-type materials), calcium ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate nitrate, ammonium phosphate, especially monoammonium phosphate, dammonium phosphate and polyammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, and less commonly used calcium nitrate, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate and ammonium chloride; In the case of phosphorus as a nutrient: the acidic form of phosphorus, e.g., phosphoric acid, pyrophosphate, or polyphosphate, but more commonly the salt form, e.g., ammonium phosphate, especially monoammonium phosphate, dammonium phosphate, and ammonium polyphosphate; potassium phosphate, especially potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium polyphosphate; For sulfur as a nutrient: ammonium sulfate and potassium sulfate, for example, a mixture of magnesium and sulfate.

[0087] Biostimulants can enhance metabolic or physiological processes such as respiration, photosynthesis, nucleic acid uptake, ion uptake, nutrient delivery, or combinations thereof. Non-limiting examples of biostimulants include seaweed extracts, humic acids (e.g., potassium humate), fulvic acid, myo-inositol, glycine, jasmonic acid, benzoic acid, diphenylurea, and combinations thereof.

[0088] For pesticides, including insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides, formulations are needed that allow the active compound to be taken up by plants / target organisms or remain on the target surface.

[0089] As used herein, the term “pesticide formulation” refers to a composition containing an active pesticide and is intended to include all forms of composition, including concentrates and spray formulations. Unless otherwise specified, the pesticide formulations of the present invention may be in the form of concentrates, diluted concentrates, or sprayable formulations.

[0090] The rainproofing agent of the present invention may be combined with other components to form a pesticide formulation containing at least one pesticide active substance and / or nutrients and / or biostimulants.

[0091] A pesticide concentrate is a pesticide composition which may be aqueous or non-aqueous and is designed to be diluted with water (or a water-based liquid) to form a corresponding spray formulation. The composition includes liquid forms (such as solutions, emulsions, or dispersions) and solid forms (particularly water-dispersible solid forms) such as granules or powders.

[0092] Therefore, pesticide active compounds can be formulated as emulsifying concentrates (EC), emulsions in water (EW), suspension concentrates (SC), soluble liquids (SL), oil-based suspension concentrates (OD), microemulsions (ME), and / or suspension emulsions (SE).

[0093] The rain-resistant agent of the present invention is particularly intended for use in water-based systems such as SC formulations.

[0094] Alkyd resin emulsions may be used as incorporated components or as tank mixes.

[0095] Aqueous pesticide concentrates are pesticide compositions designed to be diluted with water (or a water-based liquid) to form the corresponding spray formulation.

[0096] A spray formulation is an aqueous pesticide preparation containing all the components desired for application to plants or their environment. A spray formulation can be prepared simply by diluting a concentrate containing the desired components (other than water).

[0097] Therefore, a rain-resistant agent may be incorporated into the formulation of the pesticide active compound (canned / incorporated formulation).

[0098] Depending on customer needs, the concentrate thus formed may typically contain up to 95% by weight of the pesticide active substance. The concentrate may be diluted for use, resulting in a diluted composition having about 0.5% to about 1% by weight of the pesticide active substance concentrate. In the diluted composition (for example, a spray formulation, where the spray application rate may be 10 to 500 l.ha-1), the pesticide active substance concentrate may be in the range of about 0.001% to about 1% by weight of the total formulation at the time of spraying.

[0099] In pesticide formulation concentrates, the proportion of rain-resistant agents depends on the solubility of the components in the liquid carrier. Typically, the concentration of rain-resistant agents in such concentrates is 1% to 20% by weight. Preferably, it is 1.5% to 13% by weight. More preferably, it is 2% to 10% by weight.

[0100] The weight ratio of rainfastener to active pesticide in concentrated and diluted concentrated pesticide formulations is preferably about 0.05:1 to about 0.2:1. More preferably, it is about 0.7:1 to about 0.15:1. This ratio range is generally maintained for concentrated formulations and in spray formulations.

[0101] When using concentrates (solid or liquid) as a source of active pesticides and / or rainproofing agents, the concentrates are typically diluted to form spray formulations. Dilution may be 1 to 10,000 times, and especially 10 to 1,000 times, the total weight of the concentrate with water to form a spray formulation.

[0102] When the pesticide active substance is present as solid particles in the final water-soluble formulation, it most commonly exists primarily as active pesticide particles. However, if necessary, the active pesticide may be supported on a solid carrier, such as silica or diatomaceous earth, which may be a solid support, filler, or diluent as mentioned above.

[0103] Spray formulations typically have a pH in the range of moderately acidic (e.g., about 3) to moderately alkaline (e.g., about 10), especially close to neutral (e.g., about 5-8). Higher concentration formulations will have similar levels of acidity / alkalinity, but since they may be mostly non-aqueous, pH is not always a suitable measurement.

[0104] The formulation may also include additional ingredients such as pigments, dyes, fillers, and combinations thereof.

[0105] Pesticide formulations may also contain other ingredients as needed. These other ingredients may be selected from the following: Further binders, especially those that dissolve easily in water and yield low-viscosity solutions at high binder concentrations, such as polyvinylpyrrolidone; polyvinyl alcohol; carboxymethylcellulose; gum arabic; sugars, such as sucrose or sorbitol; starch; ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, sucrose and alginic acid. • A solvent (other than water) such as monopropylene glycol, or an oil which may be a vegetable oil or mineral oil, for example, a spray oil (an oil included in a spray formulation as a non-surfactant adjuvant). Such a solvent may be included as a solvent for the rainproofing agent and / or as a humectant, for example, specifically as propylene glycol. When used, such a solvent is typically included in an amount of 5% to 500% by weight, preferably 10% to 100% by weight, relative to the weight of the rainproofing agent. • Diluents, absorbents or carriers, such as carbon black; talc; diatomaceous earth; kaolin; aluminum, calcium or magnesium stearate; sodium tripolyphosphate; sodium tetraborate; sodium sulfate; sodium silicate, aluminum silicate and mixed aluminum sodium silicate; and sodium benzoate, • Disintegrants, such as surfactants; materials that swell in water, such as carboxymethylcellulose, collodion, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and microcrystalline cellulose swelling agents; salts, such as sodium acetate or potassium acetate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or sodium sesquicarbonate, ammonium sulfate, and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate; • Wetting agents, such as alcohol ethoxylates and alcohol ethoxylate / propoxylate wetting agents; • Dispersants, such as sulfonated naphthaleneformaldehyde condensates and acrylic copolymers, such as comb-type copolymers having polyethylene glycol side chains capped on a polyacrylic acid main chain; • Emulsifiers, such as alcohol ethoxylates, ABA block copolymers, or castor oil ethoxylates; Typically, an antifoaming agent in an amount of 0.005% to 10% by weight of the formulation, such as a polysiloxane antifoaming agent; Viscosity modifiers, such as commercially available water-soluble or miscible rubbers, such as xanthan gum, and / or cellulose derivatives, such as carboxymethyl, ethyl, or propylcellulose; and / or Typically, 0.01% to 1% by weight of the formulation contains preservatives and / or antimicrobial substances, such as organic acids, or their esters or salts, such as ascorbic acid, such as ascorbyl palmitate; sorbic acid, such as potassium sorbate; benzoic acid, such as benzoic acid and methyl and propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate; propionic acid, such as sodium propionate; phenol, such as sodium 2-phenylphenate; 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one; or formaldehyde itself or as paraformaldehyde; or inorganic materials, such as sulfurous acid and its salts.

[0106] The pesticide formulation according to the present invention may also contain components such as surfactants that form part of an emulsifier system. The surfactant may include a surfactant dispersant.

[0107] The compositions and formulations of the present invention may contain auxiliary agents, which may be used herein.

[0108] The present invention further includes a method for treating plants using a formulation according to the first embodiment.

[0109] Therefore, the present invention further includes methods of use, including: A method of killing or inhibiting vegetation by applying a spray formulation containing at least one alkyd resin of the first embodiment to vegetation or the surrounding environment of vegetation, for example, the soil around vegetation; and / or A method for killing or inhibiting plant pests by applying a spray formulation containing at least one pest control agent, such as an insecticide, fungicide, or acaricide, and an alkyd resin according to the first embodiment, to a plant or the environment surrounding the plant, for example, the soil around the plant.

[0110] As used herein, the term "rainfastness" refers to the degree to which pesticide active substances and / or nutrients can remain on the treated surface (such as leaves) after rainfall or irrigation. Therefore, with respect to the present invention, rainfastness is defined as the proportion of active ingredients, nutrients, and / or biostimulants that remain on the crop after rainfall or irrigation. The absolute degree of rainfastness of a pesticide can vary considerably and depends on the physicochemical properties of the active ingredients and / or nutrients.

[0111] Preferably, the rain-resistant agent of the present invention can be used either as the sole component or, if formulated directly into an agricultural chemical formulation, as the main rain-resistant agent.

[0112] The rainproofing agent of the present invention can provide a reduction in runoff of more than 20%, preferably more than 40%, and most preferably more than 50%, compared to formulations that do not contain alkyd resins.

[0113] Rain resistance, values, and changes are measured by techniques and methods as described in more detail herein.

[0114] Dispersions in pesticide formulations contain solid particles with low water solubility; therefore, particle size and distribution are factors that reflect the stability of the dispersion. To ensure the stability of the dispersion over longer periods, uniform particle distribution is crucial. It is also important that any added components do not cause the particles to clump together or undergo phase separation. Therefore, dispersions with stable particle size, uniform particle distribution, and limited particle size growth over time are more likely to be stable.

[0115] In the particle size distribution morphology, particles have a median volume particle size value. The median volume particle size will be understood as the equivalent spherical diameter corresponding to a point on the distribution that exactly bisects the population. This is the point corresponding to 50% of the total volume of all particles, as read on a cumulative distribution curve relating volume percentage to particle diameter, i.e., 50% of the distribution is above this value and 50% is below it. This value is referred to as the "D(v,0.5)" value and is determined as described herein. In addition, it may also be referred to as the "D(v,0.9)" value, and these values ​​are the equivalent spherical diameters corresponding to 90% of the total volume of all particles, as read on a cumulative distribution curve relating volume percentage to particle diameter, i.e., they are the points where 10% of the distribution is above this value and 90% is below it, respectively.

[0116] The particle size values ​​used to determine the D(v,0.9) value are measured by techniques and methods as described in further detail herein.

[0117] It is generally known that a particle size of 200 to 18,000 nm is preferable for obtaining a stable dispersion with desired properties.

[0118] The particles present in the emulsion of the present invention may have a D(v,0.9) value in the range of 100 nm to 4,000 nm. Preferably, it is in the range of 150 nm to 3,500 nm. More preferably, it is in the range of 200 nm to 3,000 nm.

[0119] The particles present in the active ingredient dispersion formulation of the present invention may have a D(v,0.9) value in the range of 0.5 μm to 40 μm. Preferably, it is in the range of 0.5 μm to 20 μm. More preferably, it is in the range of 1 μm to 5 μm.

[0120] All features described herein can be combined in any combination with any of the embodiments described above. [Examples]

[0121] To make the present invention easier to understand, the following description is provided as an example.

[0122] It should be understood that all tests and physical properties listed herein were determined at atmospheric pressure and room temperature (i.e., 25°C), unless otherwise specified herein or in the referenced test methods and techniques.

[0123] The following test methods were used to determine the performance of the auxiliary composition. • Rain resistance - Glass microscope slides were coated with a thin layer of PTFE sheet. 5 μL droplets of different formulations, diluted to 1% in deionized water, were added using a micropipette and allowed to dry for 1 to 12 hours depending on the active ingredient. The slides were placed on a 45° stage, each deposit was imaged using a handheld microscope, and then exposed to a stream of deionized water using a peristaltic pump for a total of 5 minutes. Live images were recorded every 10 seconds during the washing process using a handheld microscope. The amount of leached active ingredient was evaluated using image software. 3 to 6 repeated tests were measured, and the average value of the repeated tests was recorded along with the results obtained in terms of leaching rate. · Molecular weight - The molecular weight was determined using the GPC method with a chromatograph Agilent 1260 Infinity / 1290 Infinity II, a column PL gel 5μm mixed D, and a refractive index detector. A 1 wt / vol% sample was prepared in a tetrahydrofuran solvent, and passed through a column at a temperature of 40 °C with an injection volume of 50 μL at a flow rate of 1 cm 3 min -1 per minute. The analysis time was 30 minutes, and area normalization was used. Standard substances of polystyrene (Agilent EasiVial PS-M 2ml GPC / SEC calibration standard; Mp range: 162 - 364,000 Da) were used. · Acid value - 5 g of a sample of alkyd resin was accurately weighed (to 0.1 mg) and placed in a 250 cm 3 flat-bottom flask. 10 cm 3 of xylene and a certain amount of boiling stones were added, and the xylene was heated until it started to boil. The flask was shaken until the boiling stones could move freely. 50 cm 3 parts of industrial denatured alcohol (IDA) were added and heated to reflux for a short time. 1 cm 3 of phenolphthalein 1% in IDA was added, and the acidity was titrated with a 0.5 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The acid value was calculated as AV = 56.105xt / w mg KOH g -1 (where x = molar concentration of NaOH, T = titre (cm 3 ), and w = weight of alkyd resin (g)). · Solids content - The solids content was evaluated using an Ohaus MB120 moisture analyzer. The sample was dried to a constant weight so that the solids content could be calculated. · Particle size value (PSD) D(v,0.9) - The particle size was analyzed by dynamic light scattering using a Malvern Zetasizer with a particle refractive index of 1.56. Each sample was evaluated, and each measurement was continued for 15 seconds, and the average of 55 measurements was recorded.

[0124] In the examples, the following materials were used: Soy fatty acids - 8-12% C16:0, <6% C18:0, 20-35% C18:1, 45-60% C18:2, 2-10% C18:3 Rape top fatty acid - 6.6% C16:0, 0.4% C16:1, 2.3% C18:0, 32.2% C18:1, 30% C18:2, 16.9% C18:3, 0.5% C20:0, 10.5% C20:1, 0.6% C20:2 This includes other polyols, fatty acids, and diacids as explicitly stated in the related table. • Maxemul 7101 - Nonionic surfactant-based O / W emulsifier and dispersant • Maxemul 7201 - Anionic oil-soluble surfactant Crodafos C10 / 5A - Alkoxylated phosphate ester wetting agent and emulsifier Synperonic PE / L 62 - Ethylene oxide / propylene oxide block copolymer surfactant Tween(registered trademark)20 - Ethoxylated sorbitan monolaurate, nonionic surfactant • Span 20 - Sorbitan monolaurate low HLB surfactant Synperonic PE / F 127 - Polyalkylene oxide block copolymer, a water-soluble surfactant that acts as a high HLB emulsifier. • Atlas G-1086 - Sorbitol-based nonionic surfactant, polyoxyethylene (40) sorbitol hexaoleate

[0125] Formed rain-resistant agent (alkyd resin) Various alkyd resins were synthesized using the following method to evaluate their rain resistance.

[0126] Method 1 - Use xylene as a water removal aid. A five-necked flask equipped with a PTFE centrifugal stirrer, a magnetically sealed stirrer guide, a temperature feedback probe and isomanttle, and a Deanstark trap (pre-filled with xylene) containing a Liebig condenser, was filled with fatty acids, polyols and xylene (3 wt%), and the amount of water recovered in the Deanstark trap was 15 mg KOH g. -1 Let nitrogen flow down until the acid value equals the calculated theoretical amount (15 ml min). -1 The mixture was heated to 220°C while stirring (350 rpm). The reaction mixture was cooled to 170°C, and the diacid was added. The acid value was approximately 20 mg KOH g -1 The reactants were heated to 220°C, as in the previous experiment, until the temperature dropped. The reactor was reconfigured for distillation, and xylene was removed. Under vacuum (<10 mmbar), 10 (±2) mg KOH g -1 The esterification reaction was continued until the desired acid value was achieved. After cooling to below 100°C, the alkyd resin was obtained as a viscous yellow oil.

[0127] For polymers P2, P3, P5, P6, P11, P12, P13, and P14, where the diacitor had six or fewer carbon atoms, Method 1 was used.

[0128] Method 2 - Do not use xylene A five-necked flask equipped with a PTFE centrifugal stirrer, a magnetically sealed stirrer guide, a temperature feedback probe and isomanttle, a distillation arm including a Liebig condenser, and nitrogen inlet and outlet leading to a bubbler at the outlet via a receiving flask, was filled with fatty acids, polyols, and diacitors. The reaction mixture was heated to 190°C for 1 hour, and the temperature was further increased to 220°C for another hour. The distillation arm was replaced with a simple pot-to-pot distillation tube, a vacuum of 200 mmbars was applied, and 10 ± 2 mg KOH g was added. -1 The reaction was continued until the desired acid value was achieved. The alkyd resin was obtained as a viscous yellow oily substance.

[0129] For polymers P1, P4, P7, P8, P9, P10, and P15, where the diacitor had more than six carbon atoms, Method 2 was used.

[0130] The polymers listed in Table 1 were formed using the methods described herein.

[0131] [Table 1]

[0132] Polymers P2 and P6 are made from different grades of isostearic acid. The isostearic acid in P2 (and P7 and P8) contains 36% monomethyl branched isostearic acid and 45% polycarbon branched isostearic acid, while the isostearic acid in P6 contains 71% monomethyl branched isostearic acid and 6% polycarbon branched isostearic acid.

[0133] Next, the acid value and molecular weight of the synthesized alkyd resin polymer were determined using the method described herein, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0134] [Table 2]

[0135] Formed emulsion Next, several emulsion systems were formed using alkyd resin polymers. The formed emulsion systems are shown in Table 3.

[0136] The emulsion system was formed using the following method.

[0137] Alkyd resin (200g) was filled into a cylindrical (flat-bottomed) glass container, which included a jacket that completely enclosed the container to heat the fluid and was equipped with an Intermig impeller (EKATO) with a diameter only slightly smaller than the container. The fluid temperature of the circulator was set to 75°C and the stirring speed to 50 rpm.

[0138] A calculated amount of water to achieve the final weight required for the emulsion was filled into a flat-bottom flask and placed on a hot plate set to the emulsification temperature to preheat the water for emulsification. Once the set temperature was reached, an amount of KOH calculated to neutralize 40% of the acid value of the alkyd resin was added to the emulsification vessel, and the stirring speed was increased to 100 rpm. After 30 minutes, emulsifiers were added to the vessel (3% of the alkyd's weight each), and the stirring speed was increased to 175 rpm. After another 30 minutes, the fluid temperature in the circulator was lowered to the emulsification temperature of a specific alkyd resin (determined by the viscosity of the alkyd).

[0139] 0.4cm 3 min -1 The addition of water for emulsification is initiated by a peristaltic pump pre-calibrated to the addition rate. After approximately half of the total volume of water has been added, the emulsion phase reverses from W / O to O / W, and the water addition rate is then increased to 1.6 cm² until the addition is complete. 3 min -1 It gradually increased until it reached that point.

[0140] [Table 3]

[0141] The ratio of emulsifiers was 1:1 for each emulsion, except for emulsion E8, where the ratio of emulsifier 1 to emulsifier 2 was 3:1. The results regarding PSD and solid content demonstrate that a stable emulsion was formed.

[0142] Formed formulation The active ingredient, dispersant, wetting agent, and other formulations were mixed by high-shear homogenization to form a slurry, which was then passed through a bead mill to obtain a particle size D (0.9) of 1 to 10 microns. Next, a rheological modifier and an antifreeze were added together with a portion of the aqueous phase and combined by high-shear homogenization to form a formulation. Formulations were prepared according to the following formulations shown in Tables 4 and 5.

[0143] [Table 4]

[0144] [Table 5]

[0145] Next, the active formulations were combined in the emulsions shown in Table 3 and subjected to evaluation for rain resistance using the methods described herein.

[0146] [Table 6]

[0147] [Table 7]

[0148] In both azoxystrobin and imidacloprid formulations, the percentage of runoff was significantly reduced compared to formulations without alkyd resin rainproofing agents. The alkyd resin rainproofing agent provided good rain resistance for the active substance.

[0149] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the details of the embodiments described above, which are merely examples. Many modifications are possible.

Claims

1. It is a pesticide preparation, i) A rainproofing agent selected from alkyd resins formed from C2-C16 diacids, C6-C30 fatty acids, and C3-C8 polyols; ii) At least one selected from pesticide active substances, nutrients, or biostimulants A pesticide formulation containing [this ingredient].

2. The pesticide formulation according to claim 1, wherein the polyol is selected from glycerol, diglycerol, triglycerol, tetraglycerol, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolpropane, isosorbide, or pentaerythritol.

3. The pesticide formulation according to claim 2, wherein the polyol is selected from glycerol, diglycerol, trimethylolpropane, or pentaerythritol.

4. The pesticide formulation according to claim 1, wherein the polyol is a sugar alcohol selected from glucose, fructose, sorbitol, sorbitan, xylitol, treitol, ribitol, fusitol, mannitol, sucrose, galactitol, iditol, inositol, or boremitol.

5. The pesticide according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the diacid is a straight-chain C4 to C10 diacid.

6. The pesticide according to claim 5, wherein the diacid is selected from succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, and undecanediic acid.

7. The pesticide formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the fatty acid is a C8 to C30 fatty acid.

8. The pesticide formulation according to claim 7, wherein the fatty acid is selected from isostearic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, caprylic acid, lauric acid, and mixtures thereof.

9. The aforementioned alkyd resins include glycerol-azelaic acid-rapeseed oil, glycerol-isostearate-adipic acid, glycerol-succinic acid-soybean oil, pentaerythritol-azelaic acid-soybean oil, trimethylolpropane-adipic acid-soybean oil, glycerol-adepic acid-isostearate, glycerol-azelaic acid-stearic acid / isostearate blend, and diglycerol-azelaic acid-stearic acid / isostearate. The pesticide formulation according to claim 1, formed from an acid blend, diglycerol-sebacic acid-soybean oil, pentaerythritol-sebacic acid-soybean oil, glycerol-adipic acid-lauric acid, pentaerythritol-succinic anhydride-soybean oil, glycerol-adipic acid-adipic acid-stearic acid, pentaerythritol-adipic acid-caprylic acid, and a combination of glycerol-azelaic acid-soybean oil and stearic acid blend.

10. The pesticide formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the molecular weight of the alkyd resin is 3,000 to 220,000 Da.

11. The pesticide formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the amount of polyol present in the alkyd resin is in the range of 5 to 45% by weight as a percentage of the total weight of the copolymer.

12. The pesticide formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the amount of the diacid present in the alkyd resin is in the range of 2 to 60% by weight as a percentage of the total weight of the copolymer.

13. The pesticide formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the amount of the fatty acid present in the alkyd resin is in the range of 20 to 85% by weight as a percentage of the total weight of the copolymer.

14. The pesticide formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the molar ratio of the fatty acid, the polyol, and the diacid is in the range of 1:0.35 to 0.60:0.60 to 0.

95.

15. The pesticide formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the alkyd resin is in an emulsion form or emulsion system.

16. A concentrated formulation suitable for preparing the pesticide formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the concentrate is i) A rainproofing agent selected from alkyd resins formed from C2-C16 diacids, C6-C30 fatty acids, and C3-C8 polyols; ii) At least one selected from pesticide active substances, nutrients, or biostimulants dispersed in an aqueous medium A concentrated preparation containing the above ingredients.

17. The concentrated formulation according to claim 16, wherein the formulation is a suspension concentrate.

18. The use of a rainproofing agent selected from the alkyd resins described in claim 1 as part of a foliar application to improve the rain resistance of pesticide active ingredients, nutrients, or biostimulants.

19. A method for treating vegetation to control harmful organisms, comprising applying the pesticide formulation described in any one of claims 1 to 15 and / or the diluted concentrated formulation described in any one of claims 16 to 17 to the vegetation or the environment surrounding the vegetation.

20. An emulsified formulation containing a rainproofing agent suitable for foliar application, selected from an alkyd resin formed from C2-C16 diacids, C6-C30 fatty acids, and C3-C8 polyols.

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