Corporate information analysis system and method using predicted PEG

Abstract

The present invention relates to a corporate information analysis system and method utilizing a forecast PEG, which provides a function to calculate a forecast PEG based on stock price and EPS data obtained from an entity that provides financial market data, and to store and display the forecast PEG. The corporate information analysis system utilizing a forecast PEG according to the present invention is characterized by comprising (a) a parameter setting unit; (b) a data collection unit; (c) a data calculation unit; (d) a calculation result storage unit; and (e) a display unit; and the corporate information analysis method utilizing a forecast PEG is characterized by comprising (a) a parameter setting step; (b) a data collection step; (c) a data calculation step; (d) a calculation result storage step; and (e) a display step.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a corporate information analysis system and method using expected PEG that calculates an expected PEG based on corporate information data obtained from entities providing data related to financial markets and corporations, and provides functions for analyzing, storing, and displaying expected PEG information so that users can quantitatively evaluate corporate information.

Background Art

[0002] PEG (Price Earnings to Growth Ratio or Price to Earnings Growth Ratio, price-earnings growth ratio) is an investment indicator showing how much a stock price is relative to a company's growth rate. Among them, the expected PEG is calculated using the expected earnings growth rate of a company, and thus becomes a core element in corporate value evaluation. However, the calculation methods of PEG (including expected PEG) are diverse, and the developed PEG calculation methods have been applicable only when a company is in a profitable state and its performance is increasing. More specifically, First, currently, various calculation methods of PEG are presented, and the results vary depending on each calculation method. Therefore, it is not easy for investors to use, and it is inconvenient for investors to calculate various variables for each company many times during analysis to finally calculate the PEG. Second, according to the conventional expected PEG calculation method, when a company converts from a profit to a loss, or from a loss to a profit, or when a larger loss occurs in a loss state, or when it converts from a large loss to a small loss, an error occurs in the calculation of the growth rate of expected EPS (Earnings Per Share) or the expected PEG. For this reason, investors cannot accurately judge the corporate value. As described above, since the conventional PEG calculation method has the above problems, in practice, the expected PEG is calculated and provided only when a company is in a profitable state and its performance is increasing. As a result, there is a problem in that it is not possible to continuously provide predicted PEG data. [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0003] To solve the aforementioned problems, the object of the present invention is to facilitate the calculation of predicted PEG and to provide accurate predicted PEG values ​​even when a company is in the red, when it is turning from a red to a profit, when it is turning from a profit to a loss, or when its performance is declining while it is profitable. This provides a corporate information analysis system and method using forecast PEG, characterized by its ability to quantitatively analyze and display data related to forecast PEG, enabling investors to efficiently utilize PEG. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] In order to achieve the aforementioned objectives, the present invention provides a corporate information analysis system and method that receives data necessary for corporate analysis from entities providing corporate data, and implements an algorithm that provides accurate predicted PEG values ​​even when a company is in a deficit state, when it is shifting from a deficit to a surplus, when it is shifting from a surplus to a deficit, or when its performance is declining while it is in a surplus state, thereby ensuring that the predicted PEG values ​​are not interrupted. [Effects of the Invention]

[0005] According to the corporate information analysis system and method using predicted PEG according to the present invention, Firstly, users can evaluate corporate value by utilizing the automatically calculated projected PEG, without having to collect data one by one and calculate the projected PEG themselves. Secondly, because it provides accurate projected PEG values ​​whether a company is operating at a loss, turning from a loss to a profit, turning from a profit to a loss, or experiencing a decline in performance while still profitable, investors can effectively utilize projected PEG values ​​in their investment decisions. Thirdly, it eliminates the problem of predicted PEG discontinuity due to predicted PEG calculation errors, making it possible to provide continuous PEG values. Fourthly, forecast PEG can be used to quantitatively predict long-term stock prices. Fifth, by providing continuous forecast PEG values, investors can easily utilize forecast PEG data from a time-series perspective. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0006] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is an illustrative diagram showing the configuration of a data management server in a corporate information analysis system using a predicted PEG based on an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] Figure 2 is a flowchart showing an example of the analysis, storage, and display process when analyzing a company using a predicted PEG based on an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] Figure 3 is an illustrative diagram showing an example of the display results of corporate analysis information, projected PEG data, and historical PER data achieved by implementing the present invention. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is an illustrative diagram showing an example of the display results of corporate analysis information, projected PEG for the past 12 months, and PER data for the past 12 months, achieved by implementing the present invention. [Figure 5] Figure 5 is an illustrative diagram showing an example of the display results of predicted PEG data on an annual basis achieved by implementing the present invention. [Figure 6] Figure 6 is an illustrative diagram showing an example of the display results of daily predicted PEG data achieved by implementing the present invention. [Figure 7] Figure 7 is an illustrative diagram showing an example of a comparison of the effects of existing predicted PEG and predicted PEG according to the present invention, year by year. [Figure 8] Figure 8 is an illustrative diagram showing an example of a comparison of the effects of existing predicted PEG on a daily basis and predicted PEG according to the present invention. [Figure 9]Figure 9 is an illustrative diagram showing an example of a comparison of the effects of existing predicted PEG for the most recent 12 months by implementing the present invention and the predicted PEG for the most recent 12 months according to the present invention. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0007] The present invention will be described in detail, with reference to the attached drawings, through the described preferred embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can easily understand and reproduce it. While the present invention can be modified in various ways and may take many forms, the description of the present invention by examples should not be understood as limiting the invention to any particular exemplary form, but rather as encompassing all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions that fall within the spirit and technical scope of the present invention. In this invention, "corporate information" refers to information related to financial markets and companies necessary for performing forecast PEG analysis. In this invention, "data collection" means collecting stock price and / or EPS data from entities that provide financial and / or corporate performance data, such as institutions that provide financial market or corporate-related information, individual securities companies, corporate data providers, or similar overseas financial and / or corporate data providers. The terms used throughout this specification are defined in consideration of the function in the embodiments of the present invention and are subject to change based on the intent and conventions of the user or operator. Therefore, the definitions of these terms should be interpreted in accordance with the content of this specification as a whole. (1) Configuration of the data management server for the corporate information analysis system Figure 1 is an illustrative diagram showing the configuration of a data management server in an enterprise information analysis system using predicted PEG based on an embodiment of the present invention. The data management server for the corporate information analysis system using predictive PEG is: (a) Parameter setting unit (101) for setting parameters necessary for analyzing companies on the server; (b) A data collection unit (102) that collects stock price and EPS data necessary for analyzing the expected PEG in the server; (c) A data calculation unit in the server that calculates and processes the expected PEG using the data and arithmetic expressions collected in (b); (d) An operation result storage unit in the server that stores the data used in the analysis and the calculation results of the expected PEG; (e) It is characterized in that it includes a display unit in the server that displays the calculated corporate information and the calculation results of the expected PEG on the screen. Here, when specifically calculating and processing PEG in the calculation unit of (c), when calculating the expected PEG, it is calculated using [Formula 13], [Formula 14], [Formula 15], [Formula 16], [Formula 17] and [Formula 38], and when calculating the expected PEG for the most recent 12 months, it is calculated using [Formula 32], [Formula 33] and [Formula 34].

[0008] [Formula 13] 1YE PEG = ABS(P / EPS t+1) / {(EPS t+1 - EPS t) / ABS(EPS t)×100} Here, 1 YE PEG = Expected PEG in 1 year: 1YE PEG P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS t = EPS of the previous year of the year to which the calculation date belongs EPS t+1 = Expected EPS 1 year later based on the end of the previous year of the year to which the calculation date belongs ABS = Absolute value [Formula 14] 2YE PEG = ABS(P / EPS t+2) / {(EPS t+2 - EPS t+1) / ABS(EPS t+1)×100} Here, P = Stock price on the calculation date 2YE PEG = Expected PEG in 2 years: 2YE PEG EPS t+1 = Expected EPS 1 year later based on the end of the previous year of the year to which the calculation date belongs EPS t+2 = Forecasted EPS two years after based on the last day of the previous year of the year to which the calculation date belongs ABS = Absolute value [Equation 15] 3YE PEG = ABS(P / EPS t+3) / {(EPS t+3 - EPS t+2) / ABS(EPS t+2)×100} Here, 3YE PEG = Expected PEG in 3 years P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS t+2 = Forecasted EPS two years after based on the last day of the previous year of the year to which the calculation date belongs EPS t+3 = Forecasted EPS three years after based on the last day of the previous year of the year to which the calculation date belongs ABS = Absolute value [Equation 16] 2YAE PEG = ABS[P / {(EPS t+1 + EPS t+2) / 2}] / [{(EPS t+1 + EPS t+2) / 2 - EPS t} / ABS(EPS t)×100] Here, 2YAE PEG = 2 Years Average Expected PEG P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS t = EPS of the previous year of the year to which the calculation date belongs EPS t+1 = Forecasted EPS one year after based on the last day of the previous year of the year to which the calculation date belongs EPS t+2 = Forecasted EPS two years after based on the last day of the previous year of the year to which the calculation date belongs ABS = Absolute value

[0009] [Equation 17] 3YAE PEG = ABS[P / {(EPS t+1 + EPS t+2 + EPS t+3) / 3}] / [{(EPS t+1 + EPS t+2 + EPS t+3) / 3 - EPS t} / ABS(EPS t)×100] Here, 3YAE PEG = 3-Year Average Expected PEG (3YAE PEG) P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS t = EPS for the year preceding the year to which the calculation date belongs. EPS t+1 = Estimated EPS one year later, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. PS t+2 = Projected EPS two years from now, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. EPS t+3 = Projected EPS three years from now, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. ABS = Absolute Value [Formula 38] 1YBDE PEG = ABS(P / EPS t+1) / {(EPS t+1 - EPS ct) / ABS(EPS ct)×100} Here, 1YBDE PEG = Expected PEG for one year before earnings are disclosed (1YBDE PEG) P = Stock price on the calculation date PS ct = Forecasted EPS (consensus, estimated EPS) for the previous year (t) of the year to which the calculation date belongs. EPS t+1 = Estimated EPS one year later, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. ABS = Absolute Value [Formula 32] 1YE PEG ttm = ABS(P / EPS ttm+1) / {(EPS ttm+1 - EPS ttm) / ABS(EPS ttm)×100} Here, 1YE PEG ttm = Expected PEG in 1 year Trailing Twelve Months (1YE PEG ttm) P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS ttm = EPS for the most recent 12 months prior to the month in which the calculation date falls. EPS ttm+1 = Estimated EPS for the most recent 12 months, one year from now, based on the month preceding the calculation date. ABS = Absolute Value [Formula 33] 2YE PEG ttm = ABS(P / EPS ttm+2) / {(EPS ttm+2 - EPS ttm+1) / ABS(EPS ttm+1)×100} Here, 2YE PEG ttm = Expected PEG Trailing Twelve Months in 2 years (2YE PEG ttm) P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS ttm+1 = Estimated EPS for the most recent 12 months one year from now, based on the month preceding the month in which the calculation date falls. EPS ttm+2 = Estimated EPS for the most recent 12 months two years from now, based on the month preceding the month in which the calculation date falls. ABS = Absolute Value

[0010] [Formula 34] 2YAE PEG ttm = ABS[P / {(EPS ttm+1 + EPS ttm+2) / 2}] / [{(EPS ttm+1 + EPS ttm+2) / 2 - EPS ttm} / ABS(EPS ttm)×100] Here, 2YAE PEG ttm = 2-year average expected PEG for the most recent 12 months (2YAE PEG ttm) P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS ttm = EPS for the most recent 12 months prior to the month in which the calculation date falls. EPS ttm+1 = Estimated EPS for the most recent 12 months one year from now, based on the month preceding the month in which the calculation date falls. EPS ttm+2 = Estimated EPS for the most recent 12 months two years from now, based on the month preceding the month in which the calculation date falls. ABS = Absolute Value (2) Stages / processes of company analysis using forecast PEG Figure 2 is a flowchart showing an example of the analysis, storage, and display process when analyzing a company using a predicted PEG based on an embodiment of the present invention. The corporate information analysis server determines the presence or absence of data in the server's data collection unit (102) according to the parameters set in the parameter setting stage (201). If data exists, it proceeds to the data collection stage (203). The data collection unit (102) collects stock price and / or EPS data from entities that provide financial information and corporate-related information via the internet, namely financial and / or corporate information providers, securities companies, professional corporate information providers, overseas financial markets and corporate information providers, etc. The data calculation unit (103) then performs calculations on the collected data using calculation formulas in the data calculation stage (205). The calculation results of PEG calculated according to the conditions set in the parameters are stored in the calculation result storage unit (104) in the data calculation result storage stage (206). Finally, the calculated corporate information data and projected PEG data are displayed to the user through the display unit (105) in the data calculation result display stage (207). If no data to be collected exists, the server's data collection unit (102) notifies the user of a data nonexistence message (204), and the calculation is terminated through the data calculation termination stage (204). During the parameter setting stage, the server's parameter setting unit (101) is configured to collect stock price and EPS data information necessary to calculate the forecast PEG from various financial and corporate information that can be collected via the Internet. Parameters are set regarding the conditions under which the collected data is calculated and displayed, according to the target period for data analysis and the display format of the analysis results.

[0011] (3) Example of the expected PEG data calculation stage (3-1) Examples of achieving the integration of expected PEG and other corporate information Figure 3 is an illustrative diagram showing an example of the display results of corporate analysis information, projected PEG data, and historical PER data achieved by implementing the present invention. In [Figure 3], the stock price and EPS are arbitrarily assumed. "EPS after 1 year" means the projected EPS after 1 year, "EPS after 2 years" means the projected EPS after 2 years, "EPS after 3 years" means the projected EPS after 3 years, "Average EPS over 2 years" means the average projected EPS over 2 years, and "Average EPS over 3 years" means the average projected EPS over 3 years. Numbers in parentheses indicate negative values. In [Figure 3], the current stock price, previous year's EPS, EPS one year from now, EPS two years from now, and EPS three years from now are data collected by the server's data collection unit (102), while the 2-year average forecast EPS, 3-year average forecast EPS, forecast EPS growth rate for each forecast year, forecast PER, forecast PEG, and historical PER are data automatically calculated by the server's data calculation unit (103) according to the calculation formulas. Here, the above data are calculated using the following formulas. First, the 2-year average forecast EPS and the 3-year average forecast EPS are calculated using the following formulas. If we let EPS t be the EPS for the year preceding the calculation date, EPS t+1 be the projected EPS one year later based on the end of the previous year, EPS t+2 be the projected EPS two years later, and EPS t+3 be the projected EPS three years later, then, The 2-year average expected EPS (2YAE EPS) is calculated using the following formula. [Formula 1] 2YAE EPS = (EPS t+1 + EPS t+2) / 2 The 3-year average expected EPS (3YAE EPS) is calculated using the following formula. [Formula 2] 3YAE EPS = (EPS t+1 + EPS t+2 + EPS t+3) / 3 The projected EPS growth rate (%) is calculated using the following formula: If we let EPS t be the EPS for the year preceding the calculation date, EPS t+1 be the projected EPS one year later based on the end of the previous year, EPS t+2 be the projected EPS two years later, and EPS t+3 be the projected EPS three years later, and express the absolute value as ABS, then, The expected EPS growth rate in one year (1YE EGR) is calculated using the following formula.

[0012] [Formula 3] 1YE EGR = {(EPS t+1 - EPS t) / ABS(EPS t)}×100(%) The expected EPS growth rate in 2 years (2YE EGR) is calculated using the following formula. [Formula 4] 2YE EGR = {(EPS t+2 - EPS t+1) / ABS(EPS t+1)}×100(%) The expected EPS growth rate in 3 years (3YE EGR) is calculated using the following formula. [Formula 5] 3YE EGR = {(EPS t+3 - EPS t+2) / ABS(EPS t+2)}×100(%) The 2-year average expected EPS growth rate (2YAE EGR) is calculated using the following formula. [Formula 6] 2YAE EGR = [{(EPS t+1 + EPS t+2) / 2} - EPS t)] / ABS(EPS t)×100(%) The 3-year average expected EPS growth rate (3YAE EGR) is calculated using the following formula. [Formula 7] 3YAE EGR = [{(EPS t+1 + EPS t+2 + EPS t+3) / 3} - EPS t)] / ABS(EPS t)×100(%) The projected P / E ratio is calculated as follows: If we let P be the stock price on the calculation date, EPS t be the EPS for the year prior to the calculation date, EPS t+1 be the projected EPS one year later based on the end of the previous year, EPS t+2 be the projected EPS two years later, and EPS t+3 be the projected EPS three years later, then The expected PER in 1 year (1E PER) is calculated using the following formula.

[0013] [Formula 8] 1E PER = P / EPS t+1 The expected PER in 2 years (2E PER) is calculated using the following formula. [Formula 9] 2E PER = P / EPS t+2 The expected PER in 3 years (3E PER) is calculated using the following formula. [Formula 10] 3E PER = P / EPS t+3 The 2-year average expected PER (2YAE PER) is calculated using the following formula. [Formula 11] 2YAE PER = P / {(EPS t+1 + EPS t+2) / 2} The 3-year average expected PER (3YAE PER) is calculated using the following formula. [Formula 12] 3YAE PER = P / {(EPS t+1 + EPS t+2 + EPS t+3) / 3} The predicted PEG is calculated as follows: Let P be the stock price on the calculation date, EPS t be the EPS for the year preceding the calculation date, EPS t+1 be the projected EPS one year later (based on the end of the previous year), EPS t+2 be the projected EPS two years later, and EPS t+3 be the projected EPS three years later. If we express the absolute value as ABS, The expected PEG (1YE PEG) after one year is calculated using the following formula. [Formula 13] 1YE PEG = ABS(P / EPS t+1) / {(EPS t+1 - EPS t) / ABS(EPS t)×100} The expected PEG (2YE PEG) for two years from now is calculated using the following formula. [Formula 14] 2YE PEG = ABS(P / EPS t+2) / {(EPS t+2 - EPS t+1) / ABS(EPS t+1)×100} The expected PEG (3YE PEG) for three years from now can be calculated using the following formula.

[0014] [Formula 15] 3YE PEG = ABS(P / EPS t+3) / {(EPS t+3 - EPS t+2) / ABS(EPS t+2)×100} The 2-year average expected PEG (2YAE PEG) is calculated using the following formula. [Formula 16] 2YAE PEG = ABS[P / {(EPS t+1 + EPS t+2) / 2}] / [{(EPS t+1 + EPS t+2) / 2 - EPS t} / ABS(EPS t)×100] The 3-year average expected PEG (3YAE PEG) is calculated using the following formula. [Formula 17] 3YAE PEG = ABS[P / {(EPS t+1 + EPS t+2 + EPS t+3) / 3}] / [{(EPS t+1 + EPS t+2 + EPS t+3) / 3 - EPS t} / ABS(EPS t)×100] Past P / E ratios are calculated as follows: If we let P be the stock price on the calculation date, EPS t be the EPS for the year prior to the calculation date, EPS t+1 be the projected EPS one year later based on the end of the previous year, and EPS t+2 be the projected EPS two years later, then The last year's P / E ratio (1LY P / E ratio) is calculated as follows: [Formula 18] 1LY PER = P / EPS t The last year's P / E ratio (2LY P / E ratio in 2 years) is calculated as follows: [Formula 19] 2LY PER = P / EPS t+1 The last year's P / E ratio (3LY P / E ratio in 3 years) is calculated as follows: [Formula 20] 3LY PER = P / EPS t+2 The 2-year average price-to-earnings ratio (PER) is calculated using the following formula: [Formula 21] 2YAL PER = P / EPS t The 3-year average price-to-earnings ratio (PER) is calculated using the following formula:

[0015] [Formula 22] 3YAL PER = P / EPS t The calculation results obtained using equations 1 to 22 above show the projected EPS growth rate, projected PER, projected PEG, and historical PER for 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, the average for the next 2 years, and the average for the next 3 years, based on the end of the previous year. In particular, the projected PEG ratio indicates how low the stock price (P) is compared to the projected growth rate of the company's earnings per share (EPS) over the next three years. The PEG calculation formula used here differs from conventional methods. By using "ABS (Expected PER)," it is possible to obtain a negative PEG value when the expected future EPS growth rate is negative, which has the characteristic and effect of easily predicting a decline in stock prices. Furthermore, by using "ABS (Expected EPS Baseline Value)" to calculate the EPS growth rate, the net profit growth rate can be correctly calculated even when a company is operating at a loss, ensuring that the PEG value is calculated without error. Furthermore, the method for calculating the predicted PEG according to the present invention can provide an accurate predicted PEG value even when a company shifts from a profit to a loss, or vice versa. (3-2) Examples of combining forecast PEG and other company information for the most recent 12 months Figure 4 is an illustrative diagram showing an example of how the present invention enables the display of corporate analysis information, projected PEG for the most recent 12 months, and PER data for the most recent 12 months. In [Figure 4], the stock price and EPS are arbitrarily assumed. "Recent" means the most recent 12 months, "1-year EPS" means the EPS for the most recent 12 months one year from now, "2-year EPS" means the EPS for the most recent 12 months two years from now, and "2-year average EPS" means the 2-year average EPS for the most recent 12 months. Numbers in parentheses indicate negative values. When calculating earnings per share (EPS) on an annual basis, there is a problem in that the period is somewhat long, making it difficult to grasp the relationship between performance and stock price (P) and to understand the most recent situation. To solve this problem, we use EPS (EPS Trailing Twelve Months: EPS ttm) for the most recent 12 months. When calculating the projected PEG for the next 12 months using the most recent 12 months' EPS, the problem arises as to how to calculate the projected 12-month EPS from the most recent monthly data, since a separate consensus is not provided for the projected EPS for the next 12 months. Generally, consensus is provided on an annual basis.

[0016] When calculating the most recent projected PEG on March 10th of a specific year, the EPS for the next 12 months is required, and the EPS up to the end of February of the following year must be considered. Therefore, the projected EPS for the 10-month period from March to December of the relevant year and the projected EPS for the 2-month period up to the end of February of the following year are added together to calculate and use the projected EPS for the most recent 12-month period. Generally, when quarterly EPS is converted to an annualized value, the EPS for the most recent 12 months prior to the month (M-1) to which the calculation date of a particular year belongs is historical data and therefore always exists. Annualizing quarterly EPS means that each time earnings are announced, the EPS for the past four quarters, including the most recent quarter in which earnings were announced, is totaled and calculated as the EPS for the past year. When displaying annualized quarterly EPS on a monthly basis, since EPS is actually announced every three months, the annualized EPS will be updated with the same value every month for the three months until the next quarter's results are announced. [Figure 4] shows the projected PEG and PER for the most recent 12 months, based on the EPS for the most recent 12 months, as calculated using the method described above. Let M be the month to which the calculation date belongs, let EPS t be the EPS for the year preceding the year to which the calculation date belongs, let EPS t+1 be the projected EPS one year later based on the end of the previous year, let EPS t+2 be the projected EPS two years later, and let EPS t+3 be the projected EPS three years later. The expected EPS for the most recent 12 months in one year (Expected EPS Trailing Twelve Months in 1 year: EPS ttm+1) is calculated using the following formula. [Formula 23] EPS ttm+1 = EPS t+1 × {(12-M+1) / 12} + EPS t+2 × {(M-1) / 12} The projected EPS for the most recent 12 months in 2 years (Expected EPS Trailing Twelve Months in 2 years: EPS ttm+2) is calculated using the following formula. [Formula 24] EPS ttm+2 = EPS t+2 × {(12-M+1) / 12} + EPS t+3 × {(M-1) / 12} The calculation of the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months three years from now is not performed, assuming that the EPS for four years from now has not been published. The estimated EPS for the most recent 12 months over the past two years is calculated using the following formula: Let M be the month to which the calculation date belongs. Let EPS ttm be the EPS for the 12 months immediately preceding the month to which the calculation date belongs. Let EPS ttm+1 be the projected EPS for the 12 months immediately preceding one year from the month to which the calculation date belongs, and EPS ttm+2 be the projected EPS for the 12 months immediately preceding two years from the month to which the calculation date belongs. The 2-year average expected EPS for the most recent 12 months (2YAE EPS ttm) is calculated as follows:

[0017] [Formula 25] 2YAE EPS ttm = (EPS ttm+1 + EPS ttm+2) / 2 Here, the projected EPS for the next 12 months one year from now, i.e., EPS ttm+1, is calculated using the result obtained by [Equation 23] above, and the projected EPS for the next 12 months two years from now, i.e., EPS ttm+2, is calculated using the result obtained by [Equation 24] above. The calculation of the 3-year average forecast EPS for the most recent 12 months is not performed, assuming that the EPS consensus for 4 years from now has not been published. The projected EPS growth rate (%) for the most recent 12 months is calculated using the following formula: Let M be the month to which the calculation date belongs. Let EPS ttm be the EPS for the 12 months immediately preceding the month to which the calculation date belongs. Let EPS ttm+1 be the projected EPS for the 12 months immediately preceding one year from the month to which the calculation date belongs, and EPS ttm+2 be the projected EPS for the 12 months immediately preceding two years from the month to which the calculation date belongs. If we express the absolute value as ABS, then: The expected EPS growth rate trailing the twelve months in one year (1YE EGR ttm) is calculated using the following formula. [Formula 26] 1YE EGR ttm = {(EPS ttm+1 - EPS ttm) / ABS(EPS ttm)}×100(%) Here, the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months one year from now, i.e., EPS ttm+1, is calculated using the above [Equation 23], and the EPS for the most recent 12 months, i.e., EPS ttm, is historical data and therefore always exists. The expected EPS growth rate trailing the twelve months in two years (2YE EGR ttm) is calculated using the following formula. [Formula 27] 2YE EGR ttm = {(EPS ttm+2 - EPS ttm+1) / ABS(EPS ttm+1)}×100(%) Here, the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months two years from now, i.e., EPS ttm+2, is calculated using [Equation 24], and the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months one year from now, i.e., EPS ttm+1, is calculated using [Equation 23]. The calculation of the projected EPS growth rate for the most recent 12 months three years from now is not performed, assuming that the EPS consensus for four years from now has not been published. The 2-year average expected EPS growth rate trailing the 12 months in 2 years (2YAE EGR ttm) is calculated using the following formula:

[0018] [Formula 28] 2YAE EGR ttm = [{(EPS ttm+1 + EPS ttm+2) / 2} - EPS ttm)] / ABS(EPS ttm)×100(%) Here, the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months one year from now, i.e., EPS ttm+1, is calculated using [Equation 23] above, and the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months two years from now, i.e., EPS ttm+2, is calculated using [Equation 24] above. The EPS for the most recent 12 months, i.e., EPS ttm, is historical data and therefore always exists. The calculation of the average expected EPS growth rate for the most recent 12 months over the past 3 years is not performed, assuming that the EPS consensus for 4 years from now has not been published. The projected P / E ratio for the most recent 12 months is calculated as follows: If we let P be the stock price on the calculation date, EPS ttm be the most recent EPS for the month preceding the year to which the calculation date belongs, EPS ttm+1 be the most recent projected EPS one year later based on the month preceding the calculation date, and EPS ttm+2 be the most recent projected EPS two years later, then, The expected PER for the most recent 12 months in one year (Expected PER Trailing Twelve Months in 1 year: 1E PER ttm) is calculated using the following formula. [Formula 29] 1E PER ttm = P / EPS ttm+1 Here, the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months one year from now, i.e., EPS ttm+1, is calculated using [Equation 23]. The projected P / E ratio for the most recent 12 months in 2 years (Expected P / E Ratio Trailing Twelve Months in 2 years: 2E P / E ratio) is calculated using the following formula. [Formula 30] 2E PER ttm = P / EPS ttm+2 Here, the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months two years from now, i.e., EPS ttm+2, is calculated using [Equation 24]. The 2-year average expected PER (2-Year Average Expected PER Trailing Twelve Months: 2YAE PER) is calculated using the following formula. [Formula 31] 2YAE PER ttm = P / {(EPS ttm+1 + EPS ttm+2) / 2} Here, the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months one year from now, i.e., EPS ttm+1, is calculated using [Equation 23], and the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months two years from now, i.e., EPS ttm+2, is calculated using [Equation 24]. The projected PEG for the most recent 12 months is calculated as follows: Let P be the stock price on the calculation date, EPS ttm be the EPS for the most recent 12 months prior to the month in which the calculation date belongs, EPS ttm+1 be the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months one year from now (based on the month prior to the calculation date), and EPS ttm+2 be the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months two years from now. If we express the absolute value as ABS, then: The expected PEG (Expected PEG in 1 year Trailing Twelve Months: 1YE PEG ttm) for the most recent 12 months one year from now can be calculated using the following formula.

[0019] [Formula 32] 1YE PEG ttm = ABS(P / EPS ttm+1) / {(EPS ttm+1 - EPS ttm) / ABS(EPS ttm)×100} Here, the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months one year from now, i.e., EPS ttm+1, is calculated using [Equation 23], and the EPS for the most recent 12 months, i.e., EPS ttm, is historical data and therefore always exists. The expected PEG (Expected PEG Trailing Twelve Months in 2 years: 2YE PEG ttm) for the most recent 12 months two years from now can be calculated using the following formula. [Formula 33] 2YE PEG ttm = ABS(P / EPS ttm+2) / {(EPS ttm+2 - EPS ttm+1) / ABS(EPS ttm+1)×100} Here, the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months one year from now, i.e., EPS ttm+1, is calculated using [Equation 23], and the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months two years from now, i.e., EPS ttm+2, is calculated using [Equation 24]. The 2-year average expected PEG (2-Year Average Expected PEG Trailing Twelve Months: 2YAE PEG ttm) can be calculated using the following formula. [Formula 34] 2YAE PEG ttm = ABS[P / {(EPS ttm+1 + EPS ttm+2) / 2}] / [{(EPS ttm+1 + EPS ttm+2) / 2 - EPS ttm} / ABS(EPS ttm)×100] Here, the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months one year from now, i.e., EPS ttm+1, is calculated using [Equation 23] above, and the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months two years from now, i.e., EPS ttm+2, is calculated using [Equation 24] above. The EPS for the most recent 12 months, i.e., EPS ttm, is historical data and therefore always exists. The most recent P / E ratio is calculated as follows: Let P be the stock price on the calculation date, EPS ttm be the EPS for the most recent 12 months prior to the month in which the calculation date belongs, and EPS ttm+1 be the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months one year from the month prior to the month in which the calculation date belongs. The P / E ratio for the most recent 12 months one year from now (Last Year P / E Ratio Trailing Twelve Months in 1 year: 1AT P / E ratio) is calculated as follows: [Formula 35] 1AT PER = P / EPS ttm Here, the EPS for the most recent 12 months, i.e., EPS ttm, is historical data and therefore always exists. The P / E ratio for the most recent 12 months two years from now (Last Year P / E Ratio Trailing Twelve Months in 2 years: 2AT P / E ratio) is calculated as follows: [Formula 36] 2AT PER = P / EPS ttm+1 Here, the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months one year from now, i.e., EPS ttm+1, is calculated using [Equation 23].

[0020] The 2-year average P / E ratio for the most recent 12 months (2 Years Average Last Year P / E Ratio Trailing Twelve Months: 2YAT PER) can be calculated using the following formula. [Formula 37] 2YAT PER = P / EPS ttm The EPS for the most recent 12 months, i.e., EPS ttm, is historical data and therefore always exists. The calculation results obtained using [Equation 23] through [Equation 37] above show the projected EPS growth rate for the most recent 12 months, projected PER for the most recent 12 months, projected PEG for the most recent 12 months, and PER for the most recent 12 months, based on the month preceding the month to which the calculation date belongs. In particular, the projected PEG ratio for the most recent 12 months indicates how low the stock price (P) is compared to the projected growth rate of the company's earnings per share (EPS) for the most recent 12 months over the next two years. The formula used here to calculate the projected PEG for the most recent 12 months differs from conventional calculation methods. By using "ABS (projected PER)," it is possible to obtain a negative PEG value if the projected growth rate of EPS for the next 12 months is negative, which has the characteristic and effect of making it easy to predict a decline in stock prices. Furthermore, by using "ABS (Base Values ​​for Expected EPS)" to calculate the EPS growth rate for the most recent 12 months, it is possible to accurately calculate the EPS growth rate for the most recent 12 months even when a company is operating at a loss, and to calculate the PEG value without errors. Furthermore, the method for calculating the projected PEG for the most recent 12 months according to the present invention can provide an accurate projected PEG value even when a company shifts from profit to loss, or vice versa. Examples of achieving (3-3) yearly forecast PEG data Figure 5 is an illustrative diagram showing an example of the display results of annual forecast PEG data achieved by implementing the present invention. In Figure 5, the stock price and EPS used in calculating the projected PEG are arbitrarily assumed. The stock price is assumed to be the closing price on the last day of the fiscal year, and the EPS is assumed to be the actual EPS for the fiscal year. The projected PEG data for each year was calculated based on the projected PEG calculation method according to the present invention [Equation 13] (see Figure 7 for details). In this case, the projected PEG for one year from now refers to the projected PEG for one year from the end of the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year to which the calculation date (the end of the current fiscal year) belongs. The numbers in parentheses indicate negative values.

[0021] Depending on the implementation, the predicted PEG can be displayed independently of the year, showing only the predicted PEG data. Let P be the closing price at the end of the fiscal year, let EPS t be the EPS for the fiscal year preceding the year in which the stock market closes for the current fiscal year, and let EPS t+1 be the projected EPS one year later, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. Then, the projected PEG for the fiscal year in which the calculation date falls can be calculated using the above [Formula 13]. Using a similar method, the projected PEG for the following year can also be calculated. By calculating the projected PEG for each year using the same method and then structuring the data over time for each year, it is possible to obtain projected PEG results on an annual basis. This is used when a company's performance data is publicly available and the present invention is used to calculate projected annual PEG data. When calculating the projected PEG using historical time-series financial data, historical stock prices and EPS are not difficult to calculate because actual company performance data is available for both. However, there are differences between calculating the projected PEG using a company's projected earnings consensus and calculating the projected PEG using actual historical earnings data. The timing of each company's earnings announcements varies. Therefore, the projected PEG value for a given day within the same year may differ before and after a company's earnings announcement. The reason for this is that even after the year changes, the results for the previous year (t) are not finalized before the company's earnings announcement, and only the estimated EPS (consensus) for the previous year (t) exists, while the actual EPS does not. These differences are reflected in the calculation of the predicted PEG. If we let P be the stock price on the calculation date, EPS t be the actual EPS for the previous fiscal year (t) to the year to which the calculation date belongs, EPS ct be the estimated EPS (consensus) for the previous fiscal year (t) to the year to which the calculation date belongs, and EPS t+1 be the projected EPS one year later based on the end of the previous fiscal year to which the calculation date belongs, The predicted PEG after one year according to the present invention is given by the above [Equation 13], 1YE PEG = ABS(P / EPS t+1) / {(EPS t+1 - EPS t) / ABS(EPS t)×100} It is calculated by [this method]. If the earnings per share (EPS t) for the previous year are known, it can be calculated using this formula.

[0022] However, in situations where EPS t is not finalized, even after the year changes, there is no finalized EPS t for the previous year. Only the estimated EPS (consensus) for the previous year (t) exists. Therefore, to calculate the forecast PEG, we use the estimated EPS (consensus) for the previous year (t), EPS ct, and the forecast EPS t+1 (consensus, estimated EPS) for one year later, based on the end of the previous year, to calculate the forecast PEG. Therefore, if a company's earnings have not yet been released after the start of the new year, the expected PEG for one year before earnings are disclosed (1YBDE PEG) can be calculated using the following formula. [Formula 38] 1YBDE PEG = ABS(P / EPS t+1) / {(EPS t+1 - EPS ct) / ABS(EPS ct)×100} Here, EPS ct = consensus, estimated EPS As explained above, the calculation methods differ, so even within the same year, the PEG will differ depending on whether the previous year's performance has not yet been released or whether the company's performance has been released. Furthermore, after the company's earnings announcement date, the earnings per share (EPS) ct used in the calculation will be replaced with the actually confirmed earnings per share (EPS) t, and all projected PEGs calculated before the earnings announcement will be replaced with projected PEGs calculated using the actual EPS t and EPS t+1. Furthermore, the projected EPS for the entire year is displayed as the result calculated using [Formula 13] above. This data transformation of forecast PEG is repeated every year, forming annual time-series forecast PEG data. The display results of the annual forecast PEG data obtained by implementing the present invention differ significantly from the display results of the annual PEG data calculated by the conventional method, as shown in [Figure 8]. (3-4) Examples of achieving daily forecast PEG data Figure 6 is an illustrative diagram showing an example of the display results of daily predicted PEG data achieved by implementing the present invention. In Figure 6, the projected PEG was calculated based on arbitrary assumptions about the stock price and EPS. Until December 29, 2022 (the last trading day on the stock market), it was assumed that the company shifted from a profit in 2021 to a loss in 2022, resulting in an estimated loss in EPS at the end of 2022. Furthermore, from January 2, 2023 (the first trading day on the stock market) onward, the projected PEG was calculated assuming that the estimated EPS at the end of 2022 was in the red, and that it shifted to a profit at the end of 2023. (See Figure 8 for specific details.) Therefore, the projected PEG for 2022 is shown as a negative value, and the projected PEG for 2023 is shown as a positive value. The daily forecast PEG data up to December 29, 2022, was calculated based on the forecast PEG calculation method [Formula 13] according to the present invention. Furthermore, the daily forecast PEG data from January 2, 2023 onwards was calculated based on the forecast PEG calculation method [Formula 38] according to the present invention. Note that the numbers in parentheses represent negative values. If P is the stock price on the calculation date, EPS t is the EPS for the previous fiscal year, and EPS t+1 is the projected EPS one year later, based on the last day of the previous fiscal year, then the projected PEG for that day can be calculated using the above [Formula 13]. The projected PEG for the following day can also be calculated using a similar method.

[0023] However, even when calculating the daily forecast PEG, the forecast PEG for that day is calculated using the above [Formula 38] from the beginning of the year to which the calculation date belongs until before the announcement of corporate earnings. In this case, when EPS is calculated on an annual basis, the projected EPS and projected EPS growth rate for the following year are applied identically. Therefore, in the above example, the projected daily PEG changes solely based on the daily stock price (P). This method allows for the calculation of daily predicted PEG for all dates for which data exists. This is used when attempting to calculate daily predicted PEG data using the present invention. When a company's earnings report is released, the projected PEG for the period after the release date will be calculated using the actual confirmed EPS t and the projected EPS t+1 for 2023, instead of the estimated EPS ct for 2022. Similarly, projected PEGs calculated before the release of company earnings reports will be replaced with projected PEGs calculated using the actual EPS t for 2022 and the projected EPS t+1 for 2023. Figure 6 is an example of how the results calculated in Figure 8 are implemented as individual daily projected PEG data. The display results of daily predicted PEG data obtained by implementing the present invention differ significantly from the display results of daily predicted PEG data calculated by conventional methods, as shown in [Figure 8]. Depending on the embodiment, the predicted PEG can also be displayed independently of the date (year-month-day). (4) Comparison of the effects of conventional predictive PEG and predictive PEG according to the present invention (4-1) Comparison of the effects of conventional and predicted PEG by the present invention on a yearly basis Figure 7 is an illustrative diagram showing an example of the results of comparing the effects of conventional and predicted PEG by the present invention on a yearly basis. In Figure 7, the stock price and EPS are arbitrarily assumed values. The stock price is assumed to represent the closing price on the last day of the fiscal year, and the EPS is assumed to represent the actual EPS for the fiscal year. The projected PEG data for each year was calculated based on the projected PEG calculation method [Equation 13] according to the present invention. In this context, the projected EPS growth rate one year later refers to the growth rate between the EPS of the previous fiscal year and the EPS of the current fiscal year, which is the calculation date. Furthermore, the projected PEG one year later refers to the projected PEG one year later, calculated from the end of the previous fiscal year to the calculation date. Assuming an EPS of 730 won in 2014, the EPS growth rate for 2015 was calculated. "Conventional 1-Year Growth Rate (%)" shows the expected EPS growth rate (%) one year later using the conventional calculation method, and "Inventional 1-Year Growth Rate (%)" shows the expected EPS growth rate (%) one year later according to the present invention. "Expected PER" shows the expected PER one year later, "Conventional Expected PEG" shows the expected PEG one year later using the conventional calculation method, and "Inventional Expected PEG" shows the expected PEG one year later according to the present invention. Numbers in parentheses indicate negative values. Traditional forecast PEG is calculated using the formula: "Forecast PEG = Forecast PER ÷ Forecast EPS growth rate". To explain this in more detail,

[0024] If we let P be the stock price on the calculation date, EPS t be the EPS for the year preceding the year to which the calculation date belongs, and EPS t+1 be the expected EPS one year later based on the last day of the year preceding the year to which the calculation date belongs, then the conventional expected PEG in 1 year (1YE PEG) can be calculated using the following formula. 1YE PEG = (P / EPS t+1) / {(EPS t+1 - EPS t) / EPS t×100} On the other hand, the predicted PEG after one year according to the present invention can be calculated using the following formula based on [Formula 13] above. 1YE PEG = ABS(P / EPS t+1) / {(EPS t+1 - EPS t) / ABS(EPS t)×100} As described above, the two methods for calculating the predicted PEG are different, and as a result, the predicted PEG values ​​calculated will also be different. A comparison of the effects of the conventional predicted PEG and the predicted PEG according to the present invention, year by year, is shown in [Figure 7]. Based on [Figure 7], comparing the effects of conventional predicted PEG and predicted PEG according to the present invention, Firstly, according to the conventional forecast PEG calculation method, in 2016 data, even if a company shifts from a deficit to a surplus—that is, if it was in the deficit (EPS -904 won) in the previous year (2015) and turned a surplus (EPS 290 won) one year later (one year from the end of the previous fiscal year)—the EPS increase rate is calculated as a negative value (-132.1%) (2016), despite the previous year's EPS increasing from a deficit to a surplus. In reality, the company is profitable and EPS is increasing, yet the EPS growth rate is reported as negative (2016). This also leads to errors in the projected PEG (-0.18) calculated based on this (2016). As a result, investors are unable to accurately assess the company's value. On the other hand, according to the projected PEG calculation method of the present invention, the EPS growth rate (132.1%) reflects the situation of turning profitable, and the projected PEG value is also derived as a positive value (0.18), and both are calculated accurately. Secondly, according to the conventional method for calculating projected PEG, if a company goes from being profitable (EPS 290 won) in 2016 to unprofitable (EPS -392 won) one year later (2017), the EPS growth rate is calculated as a negative value (-235.2%), which is correct. However, because the projected PER becomes a negative value (-8.8), the projected PEG (0.04) calculated based on this becomes inaccurate (2017). Despite the company turning unprofitable, a positive projected PEG is derived, which does not match the facts. As a result, investors are unable to accurately judge the company's value. On the other hand, according to the projected PEG calculation method of the present invention, the EPS growth rate is a negative value (-235.2%), reflecting the situation of turning into a deficit, and the projected PEG value is also calculated as a negative value (-0.04), both of which are calculated accurately. In particular, according to the projected PEG calculation method of the present invention, the projected PEG for 2017 is -0.04, which is a negative value. In this case, if the projected EPS growth rate one year later is -235.2% and the projected PER is -8.8, based on the end of the previous year, it indicates a tendency for EPS to decrease compared to the previous year. This improves upon the problem in general formulas where, when both the numerator and denominator are negative values, the calculated value becomes positive, resulting in a different outcome from reality. In this respect, there is a very significant difference in effectiveness between the conventional PEG display and the PEG display according to the present invention. Thirdly, according to the conventional forecast PEG calculation method, even if a company goes from a deficit (EPS -392 won) in 2017 to an even larger deficit (EPS -830 won) in 2018, and the EPS shifts from a small deficit to a large deficit, the EPS growth rate is calculated as a positive value (111.7%). In reality, the EPS is decreasing, but calculating the EPS growth rate as a positive value is a serious error (2018). On the other hand, according to the predicted PEG calculation method of the present invention, the EPS increase rate is accurately calculated as a negative value (-111.7%).

[0025] Fourth, according to the conventional forecast PEG calculation method, even if a company continues to operate at a loss (EPS -830 won) in 2018 and then again in 2019, but its performance improves (EPS -239 won), and its EPS actually increases as the loss shifts from a large deficit to a smaller one, the EPS growth rate is calculated as a negative value (-71.2%). This error occurs because, despite the company's performance improving compared to the previous year and its EPS increasing, the EPS growth rate is calculated as a negative value (-71.2%) (2018). On the other hand, according to the predicted PEG calculation method of the present invention, the EPS increase rate is calculated as a positive value (71.2%) and is calculated accurately. Fifth, according to the conventional forecast PEG calculation method, if a company was in the red and had a negative EPS (EPS -239 won) in 2019, even if it turned profitable in the following year (2020) (EPS 364 won), the EPS growth rate would be calculated as a negative value (-252.3%). This error also leads to an error in the PEG value (-0.05) calculated based on this (2020). As a result, investors are unable to accurately judge the value of a company. On the other hand, according to the predicted PEG calculation method of the present invention, the EPS increase rate is calculated as a positive value (252.3%), and the predicted PEG value is also calculated as a positive value (0.05), both of which are calculated accurately. As described above, conventional methods for calculating projected PEG have these problems, and in practice, projected PEG is only calculated and provided when a company is profitable and its performance is improving. As a result, when a company's performance turns around from losses to profits, it is not possible to provide projected PEG, which leads to investors who use projected PEG missing out on investment opportunities. According to the present invention, the errors in calculating the predicted PEG described above can be eliminated, and the correct predicted PEG value can be calculated. Therefore, if stock price data and EPS data are available, the predicted PEG for each year can be calculated at any time, generating annual time-series data that can be used for investment. Furthermore, since stock prices fluctuate daily, it is also possible to calculate the PEG on a daily basis. Thus, daily PEG time-series data can be generated and used for investment. (4-2) Comparison of the effects of conventional and present-date predicted PEG on a daily basis Figure 8 is an illustrative diagram showing an example of the results of a daily comparison of the effects of conventional and predicted PEG according to the present invention. In Figure 8, assuming arbitrary stock prices, and assuming that the company shifted from a profit in 2021 to a loss in 2022 until December 29, 2022 (the last day of trading on the stock market), and that the estimated EPS at the end of 2022 was in the red, the projected PEG was calculated assuming that from January 2, 2023 (the first day of trading on the stock market) onward, the estimated EPS shifted from a loss at the end of 2022 to a profit at the end of 2023. Specifically, we assumed an EPS of 290 won for 2021, an estimated EPS (EPS ct) of -392 won for 2022, and an estimated EPS (EPS t+1) of 105 won for 2023, and calculated the estimated daily PEG. "Conventional 1-Year Growth Rate (%)" refers to the expected EPS growth rate (%) after one year using the conventional calculation method, while "Invention 1-Year Growth Rate (%)" refers to the expected EPS growth rate (%) after one year according to the present invention.

[0026] Furthermore, "Expected PER" shows the expected PER one year from now, "Conventional Expected PEG" shows the expected PEG one year from now using the conventional calculation method, and "Invention Expected PEG" shows the expected PEG one year from now according to the present invention. Note that the numbers in parentheses represent negative values. Traditional forecast PEG is calculated using the formula: "Forecast PEG = Forecast PER ÷ Forecast EPS growth rate". To explain this in more detail, If we let P be the stock price on the calculation date, EPS t be the actual EPS for the previous fiscal year (t) to the year to which the calculation date belongs, EPS ct be the estimated (consensus) EPS for the previous fiscal year (t) to the year to which the calculation date belongs, and EPS t+1 be the projected EPS one year later, based on the end of the previous fiscal year to which the calculation date belongs, The expected PEG (1YE PEG) after one year using conventional methods can be calculated using the following formula. 1YE PEG = (P / EPS t+1) / {(EPS t+1 - EPS t) / EPS t×100} On the other hand, the predicted PEG after one year according to the present invention can be calculated by the above formula 13. 1YE PEG = ABS(P / EPS t+1) / {(EPS t+1 - EPS t) / ABS(EPS t)×100} Here, EPS t+1 is the estimated EPS for one year later, based on the last day of the fiscal year preceding the year to which the calculation date belongs, which is originally provided as a consensus. If a company's earnings have been announced and the earnings per share (EPS t) for the previous fiscal year have been determined, it is possible to calculate it using this formula. However, if the company's earnings have not yet been announced after the start of the new year, the expected PEG for one year ahead (Expected PEG in 1 year before earnings are disclosed: 1YBDE PEG) can be calculated using the following formula. [Formula 38] 1YBDE PEG = ABS(P / EPS t+1) / {(EPS t+1 - EPS ct) / ABS(EPS ct)×100} Here, EPS ct = consensus, estimated EPS The daily forecast PEG data up to December 29, 2022, was calculated based on the forecast PEG calculation method [Equation 13] according to the present invention. Furthermore, the daily forecast PEG data from January 2, 2023 onwards was calculated based on the forecast PEG calculation method [Equation 38] according to the present invention. In calculating the projected EPS growth rate, Assuming an EPS of 290 won in 2021, the projected EPS growth rate on December 29, 2022, using the conventional calculation method, was calculated using the formula (-392-290) / 290×100=-235.3%; the projected EPS growth rate according to the present invention on December 29, 2022, was calculated using the formula (-392-290) / ABS(290)×100=-235.3%; the projected EPS growth rate on January 2, 2023, using the conventional calculation method, was calculated using the formula {105-(-392)} / -392×100=-126.8%; the projected EPS growth rate according to the present invention on January 2, 2023, was calculated using the formula {105-(-392)} / ABS(-392)×100=126.8%. Furthermore, in the calculation of the predicted PEG, The predicted PEG on December 29, 2022, using the conventional calculation method, was calculated using the formula -16.5 / {(-392-290) / 290×100}=0.070; the predicted PEG according to the present invention on December 29, 2022, was calculated using the formula ABS(-16.5) / {(-392-290) / ABS(290)×100}=-0.070; the predicted PEG on January 2, 2023, using the conventional calculation method, was calculated using the formula 58.1 / [{105-(-392)} / -392×100}=-0.458; the predicted PEG according to the present invention on January 2, 2023, was calculated using the formula ABS(58.1) / [{105-(-392)} / ABS(-392)×100}=0.458 It was calculated using the following formula.

[0027] In the calculation of projected PEG, EPS is calculated on an annual basis, so the daily EPS remains the same throughout the year. Therefore, the projected EPS growth rate is also calculated to be the same throughout the year. However, when the year changes and the projected EPS shifts from a deficit in the previous year (t) to a surplus one year later (t+1), the growth rate will be calculated differently depending on the method used to calculate the projected EPS growth rate. On December 29, 2022, the projected EPS growth rate is calculated to be -235.2% using both the conventional calculation method and the method according to the present invention. However, on January 2, 2023, the projected EPS growth rate is -126.8% when calculated using the conventional method, and 126.8% when calculated using the method according to the present invention. It is incorrect to calculate the projected EPS growth rate as a negative value (-126.8%) when the projected EPS has increased from -392 won to 105 won; it should be calculated as a positive value (126.8%). Furthermore, the projected PEG is calculated differently depending on the method. On December 29, 2022, the projected PEG was 0.070 according to the conventional calculation method, while it was -0.070 according to the method of the present invention. It is incorrect to calculate the projected PEG as a positive value (0.070) when EPS is expected to decrease from 260 won to -392 won; it should be calculated as a negative value (-0.070). On the other hand, on January 2, 2023, the projected PEG would be -0.458 according to the conventional calculation method, while it would be 0.458 according to the method of the present invention. It is incorrect to calculate the projected PEG as a negative value (-0.458) when EPS is expected to increase from -392 won to 105 won; it should be calculated as a positive value (0.458). Thus, conventional methods for calculating projected PEG yield results that do not match the company's projected performance and therefore cannot be used as a daily investment indicator. However, the projected PEG calculation method according to the present invention yields results that match the company's projected performance and can be used as a daily investment indicator, which is a significant difference. (4-3) Comparison of the effects of conventional predictive PEG and predictive PEG according to the present invention over the past 12 months Figure 9 is an illustrative diagram showing an example of the results of comparing the effects of conventional PEG for the most recent 12 months and PEG for the most recent 12 months according to the present invention, year by year. In Figure 9, the stock price and annual EPS are arbitrarily assumed values. The most recent 12-month EPS since 2015 is based on March 10th of each year, and the most recent 12-month EPS as of March 10, 2015, was assumed to be -150 won. Furthermore, the projected 12-month EPS as of March 10th of each year since March 10, 2015, is a value calculated using [Equation 23] based on the arbitrarily assumed annual EPS for each year. In addition, assuming an annual EPS of 300 won for 2022, the projected 12-month EPS as of March 10, 2021, is calculated to be 258 won. The projected 12-month EPS increase rate (%) one year later in 2021 is calculated based on this. Furthermore, "Conventional Expected EPS Increase Rate for the Most Immediate 12 Months One Year Later (%)" refers to the expected EPS increase rate for the most immediate 12 months one year later using the conventional calculation method, while "Invention's Expected EPS Increase Rate for the Most Immediate 12 Months One Year Later (%)" refers to the expected EPS increase rate for the most immediate 12 months one year later according to the present invention. Furthermore, "conventional PEG forecast for the most recent 12 months one year from now" refers to the PEG forecast for the most recent 12 months one year from now calculated using the conventional method, while "inventive invention PEG forecast for the most recent 12 months one year from now" refers to the PEG forecast for the most recent 12 months one year from now according to the present invention.

[0028] Note that the numbers in parentheses indicate negative values. The conventional 12-month forecast PEG is calculated using the following formula: "12-month forecast PEG = 12-month forecast PER ÷ 12-month forecast EPS growth rate". To explain this in more detail, If we let P be the stock price on the calculation date, EPS ttm be the EPS for the most recent 12 months prior to the month to which the calculation date belongs, and EPS ttm+1 be the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months one year from the month prior to the month to which the calculation date belongs, The conventional Expected PEG in 1 year Trailing Twelve Months (1YE PEG ttm) can be calculated using the following formula. 1YE PEG ttm = (P / EPS ttm+1) / {(EPS ttm+1 - EPS ttm) / (EPS ttm)×100} On the other hand, the expected PEG for the 12 months immediately preceding one year (Expected PEG in 1 year Trailing Twelve Months: 1YE PEG ttm) according to the present invention can be calculated using the following formula based on the above [Formula 32]. 1YE PEG ttm = ABS(P / EPS ttm+1) / {(EPS ttm+1 - EPS ttm) / ABS(EPS ttm)×100} Here, the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months one year from now, i.e., EPS ttm+1, is given by the above [Equation 23], i.e. EPS ttm+1 = EPS t+1 × {(12-M+1) / 12} + EPS t+2 × {(M-1) / 12} The data used is calculated by [the relevant method], and the most recent 12-month EPS, i.e., EPS ttm, is historical data and therefore always exists. As described above, the two methods for calculating the forecast PEG are different from each other, and as a result, the forecast PEG values ​​calculated are also different. A comparison of the effects of the conventional forecast PEG for the most recent 12 months and the forecast PEG for the most recent 12 months according to the present invention is shown in [Figure 9]. Based on [Figure 9], comparing the effects of conventional PEG forecasts for the most recent 12 months and the PEG forecasts for the most recent 12 months according to the present invention, Firstly, according to the conventional forecast PEG calculation method, if a company's deficit narrows from a loss (most recent 12-month EPS -213 won) in 2016 to a loss (most recent 12-month EPS -77 won) one year later (2017), the forecast EPS growth rate is calculated as a negative value (-64.1%), which is incorrect. Even though EPS actually increased in 2017 compared to 2016, the forecast EPS growth rate remains negative (-64.1%), which does not reflect reality. On the other hand, according to the projected PEG calculation method of the present invention, as a result of the reduction in deficit, the projected EPS growth rate is shown as a positive value (64.1%), and the projected PEG value is also calculated as a positive value (0.285), both of which are calculated correctly.

[0029] Secondly, according to the conventional method for calculating projected PEG, in the 2017 data, the company went from being in the red (12-month EPS of -77 won) in 2017 to becoming profitable in 2018 (12-month EPS of 45 won), and despite the shift from a loss to a profit in EPS, the projected EPS growth rate is calculated as a negative value (-158.7%). It is a serious error that the projected EPS growth rate is calculated as a negative value despite the actual increase in EPS (2017). Furthermore, because the projected PER for the most recent 12 months is a positive value (58.9), the projected PEG for the most recent 12 months is calculated as a negative value (-0.371), resulting in an error. It is a serious error that the projected PEG is calculated as a negative value (-0.371) despite the company's performance improving and turning profitable (12-month EPS of 45 won). On the other hand, according to the predicted PEG calculation method of the present invention, the predicted EPS increase rate is calculated as a positive value (158.7%), reflecting the actual increase in EPS. As a result, the predicted EPS increase rate is calculated correctly, and the predicted PEG is also calculated as a positive value (0.371). In this respect, there is a very significant difference in the effectiveness of the conventional 12-month predicted PEG display and the 12-month predicted PEG display according to the present invention. Thirdly, in the 2020 data, the company's annual EPS was -150 won, but its 12-month EPS as of March 10, 2020, was 58 won. While the annual EPS at the end of 2021 will reach 250 won, resulting in a surplus, the projected 12-month EPS as of March 10 is calculated as a deficit (-83 won). According to the conventional projected PEG calculation method, the projected 12-month EPS growth rate one year later as of March 10, 2020, is correctly calculated as a negative value (-242.9%). However, despite the 12-month EPS shifting from a surplus (58 won) to a deficit (-83 won) and decreasing, the projected 12-month PEG is calculated as a positive value (0.138), resulting in an error. On the other hand, according to the projected PEG calculation method of the present invention, the projected EPS growth rate is calculated as a negative value (-242.9%), reflecting the actual decrease in EPS, and the projected EPS growth rate is calculated correctly. Furthermore, the projected PEG for the most recent 12 months is also calculated as a negative value (-0.138) and is calculated correctly. In this respect, there is a very significant difference in the effectiveness of the conventional projected PEG display for the most recent 12 months and the projected PEG display for the most recent 12 months according to the present invention. Fourthly, while the 2021 data projects an annual EPS surplus of 250 won at the end of 2021, the EPS for the most recent 12 months as of March 10, 2021, is negative (-83 won), indicating a deficit. Furthermore, assuming an annual EPS of 300 won at the end of 2022, the projected EPS for the most recent 12 months in 2022 is calculated to be 258 won.

[0030] While a company's EPS for the most recent 12 months is expected to shift from a loss in 2021 (-83 won) to a profit in 2022 (258 won), conventional calculation methods result in a negative (-410.0%) projected EPS growth rate one year later, leading to errors. Furthermore, the projected PEG for the most recent 12 months is also calculated as negative (-0.052), failing to accurately reflect the actual shift to profitability (258 won). As a result, investors are unable to accurately assess the company's value. On the other hand, according to the PEG calculation method of the present invention, both the projected EPS growth rate for the most recent 12 months one year later in 2021 (410.0%) and the projected PEG value for the most recent 12 months one year later (0.052) are correctly calculated. In this respect, there is a very significant difference in the effectiveness of the conventional projected PEG display for the most recent 12 months one year later and the projected PEG display for the most recent 12 months one year later according to the present invention. As described above, these problems in the conventional method for calculating the most recent 12-month forecast PEG make it impossible to provide the most recent 12-month forecast PEG for companies whose performance is turning around from a loss to a profit, resulting in investors who use the most recent 12-month forecast PEG missing out on investment opportunities. According to the present invention, the errors in calculating the 12-month forecast PEG mentioned above can be eliminated, and the correct 12-month forecast PEG value can be calculated. Therefore, if stock price data and EPS data are available, the 12-month forecast PEG for each year can be calculated at any time, generating annual time-series data that can be used for investment. Furthermore, since stock prices fluctuate almost daily, it is also possible to calculate the 12-month forecast PEG on a daily basis. Thus, time-series data of the 12-month forecast PEG on a daily basis can be generated and used for investment.

[0031] By achieving the above, the present invention eliminates the inconveniences and problems in conventional corporate information analysis using forecast PEG. The server can achieve the objectives of the present invention by receiving stock price and EPS data from entities that provide financial market and corporate-related data, calculating various forecast PEG data, and generating time-series forecast PEG data. While the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the attached drawings, focusing on preferred examples, various modifications are possible within the scope covered by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention. [Industrial applicability]

[0032] Firstly, the present invention can be provided for commercial purposes to corporate information providers and organizations such as securities companies, and to general investors. Secondly, the present invention can broaden understanding of the quantification of market analysis and can therefore be used as a tool for financial education. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0033] 101: Parameter setting section 102: Data Collection Department 103: Data Processing Unit 104: Operation result storage section 105: Display section

Claims

1. A corporate information analysis system that utilizes predicted PEG, (a) A parameter setting unit for setting the parameters necessary for analyzing a company; (b) A data collection unit that collects stock price and EPS data necessary for analyzing forecast PEG on the server; (c) When calculating the PEG using the data and calculation formulas collected in (b) above, the data calculation unit performs calculations using [Formula 13], [Formula 14], [Formula 15], [Formula 16], [Formula 17] and [Formula 38] when calculating the predicted PEG, and uses [Formula 32], [Formula 33] and [Formula 34] when calculating the predicted PEG for the most recent 12 months; (d) A storage unit that stores the data used in the analysis and the calculation results of the predicted PEG on a server; (e) A display unit that displays corporate information and predicted PEG data analyzed and stored on the server; A corporate information analysis system that utilizes predictive PEG, characterized by having the following features. [Formula 13] 1YE PEG = ABS(P / EPS t+1) / {(EPS t+1 - EPS t) / ABS(EPS t)×100} Here, 1YE PEG = Expected PEG in 1 year (1YE PEG) P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS t = EPS for the year preceding the year to which the calculation date belongs. EPS t+1 = Estimated EPS one year later, based on the last day of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. ABS = Absolute Value [Formula 14] 2YE PEG = ABS(P / EPS t+2) / {(EPS t+2 - EPS t+1) / ABS(EPS t+1)×100} Here, 2YE PEG = Expected PEG in 2 years (2YE PEG) P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS t+1 = Estimated EPS one year later, based on the last day of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. EPS t+2 = Projected EPS two years from now, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. ABS = Absolute Value [Formula 15] 3YE PEG = ABS(P / EPS t+3) / {(EPS t+3 - EPS t+2) / ABS(EPS t+2)×100} Here, 3YE PEG = Expected PEG in 3 years (3YE PEG) P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS t+2 = Projected EPS two years from now, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. EPS t+3 = Projected EPS 3 years from now, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. ABS = Absolute Value [Formula 16] 2YAE PEG = ABS[P / {(EPS t+1 + EPS t+2) / 2}] / [{(EPS t+1 + EPS t+2) / 2 - EPS t} / ABS(EPS t)×100] Here, 2YAE PEG = 2-Year Average Expected PEG (2YAE PEG) P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS t = EPS for the year preceding the year to which the calculation date belongs. EPS t+1 = Estimated EPS one year later, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. EPS t+2 = Projected EPS two years from now, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. ABS = Absolute Value [Formula 17] 3YAE PEG = ABS[P / {(EPS t+1 + EPS t+2 + EPS t+3) / 3}] / [{(EPS t+1 + EPS t+2 + EPS t+3) / 3 - EPS t} / ABS(EPS t)×100] Here, 3YAE PEG = 3-Year Average Expected PEG (3YAE PEG) P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS t = EPS for the year preceding the year to which the calculation date belongs. EPS t+1 = Estimated EPS one year later, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. EPS t+2 = Projected EPS two years from now, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. EPS t+3 = Projected EPS 3 years from now, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. ABS = Absolute Value [Formula 38] 1YBDE PEG = ABS(P / EPS t+1) / {(EPS t+1 - EPS ct) / ABS(EPS ct)×100} Here, 1YBDE PEG = Expected PEG in 1 year before earnings are disclosed (1YBDE PEG) P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS ct = Forecast EPS (consensus, estimated EPS) for the previous year (t) of the year to which the calculation date belongs. EPS t+1 = Estimated EPS one year later, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. ABS = Absolute Value [Formula 32] 1YE PEG ttm = ABS(P / EPS ttm+1) / {(EPS ttm+1 - EPS ttm) / ABS(EPS ttm)×100} Here, 1YE PEG ttm = Expected PEG in 1 year Trailing Twelve Months (1YE PEG ttm) P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS ttm = EPS for the most recent 12 months prior to the month in which the calculation date falls. EPS ttm+1 = Estimated 12-month EPS for one year from now, based on the month preceding the calculation date. ABS = Absolute Value [Formula 33] 2YE PEG ttm = ABS(P / EPS ttm+2) / {(EPS ttm+2 - EPS ttm+1) / ABS(EPS ttm+1)×100} Here, 2YE PEG ttm = Expected PEG Trailing Twelve Months in 2 years (2YE PEG ttm) P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS ttm+1 = Estimated 12-month EPS for one year from now, based on the month preceding the calculation date. EPS ttm+2 = Estimated 12-month EPS two years from now, based on the month preceding the calculation date. ABS = Absolute Value [Formula 34] 2YAE PEG ttm = ABS[P / {(EPS ttm+1 + EPS ttm+2) / 2}] / [{(EPS ttm+1 + EPS ttm+2) / 2 - EPS ttm} / ABS(EPS ttm)×100] Here, 2YAE PEG ttm = 2-Year Average Expected PEG Trailing Twelve Months (2YAE PEG ttm) P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS ttm = EPS for the most recent 12 months prior to the month in which the calculation date falls. EPS ttm+1 = Estimated 12-month EPS for one year from now, based on the month preceding the calculation date. EPS ttm+2 = Estimated 12-month EPS two years from now, based on the month preceding the calculation date. ABS = Absolute Value

2. A method for analyzing corporate information using predictive PEG, which is executed by a server, (a) A parameter setting step to set the parameters necessary for analyzing a company; (b) A data collection step to collect stock price and EPS data necessary for analyzing forecast PEG on the server; (c) When calculating the PEG using the data and formulas collected in (b) above, if the predicted PEG is to be calculated, the data calculation step is performed using [Formula 13], [Formula 14], [Formula 15], [Formula 16], [Formula 17] and [Formula 38]; (d) A saving step in which the data used in the analysis and the calculation results of the predicted PEG are saved to the server; (e) A display step in which corporate information and predicted PEG data analyzed and stored on the server are displayed on the screen; A method for analyzing corporate information using predictive PEG, characterized by comprising the following features. [Formula 13] 1YE PEG = ABS(P / EPS t+1) / {(EPS t+1 - EPS t) / ABS(EPS t)×100} Here, 1YE PEG = Expected PEG in 1 year (1YE PEG) P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS t = EPS for the year preceding the year to which the calculation date belongs. EPS t+1 = Estimated EPS one year later, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. ABS = absolute value [Formula 14] 2YE PEG = ABS(P / EPS t+2) / {(EPS t+2 - EPS t+1) / ABS(EPS t+1)×100} Here, P = Stock price on the calculation date 2YE PEG = Expected PEG in 2 years (2YE PEG) EPS t+1 = Estimated EPS one year later, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. EPS t+2 = Projected EPS two years from now, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. ABS = Absolute Value [Formula 15] 3YE PEG = ABS(P / EPS t+3) / {(EPS t+3 - EPS t+2) / ABS(EPS t+2)×100} Here, 3YE PEG = Expected PEG in 3 years (3YE PEG) P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS t+2 = Projected EPS two years from now, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. EPS t+3 = Projected EPS 3 years from now, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. ABS = Absolute Value [Formula 16] 2YAE PEG = ABS[P / {(EPS t+1 + EPS t+2) / 2}] / [{(EPS t+1 + EPS t+2) / 2 - EPS t} / ABS(EPS t)×100] Here, 2YAE PEG = 2-Year Average Expected PEG (2YAE PEG) P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS t = EPS for the year preceding the year to which the calculation date belongs. EPS t+1 = Estimated EPS one year later, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. EPS t+2 = Projected EPS two years from now, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. ABS = Absolute Value [Formula 17] 3YAE PEG = ABS[P / {(EPS t+1 + EPS t+2 + EPS t+3) / 3}] / [{(EPS t+1 + EPS t+2 + EPS t+3) / 3 - EPS t} / ABS(EPS t)×100] Here, 3YAE PEG = 3-Year Average Expected PEG (3YAE PEG) P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS t = EPS for the year preceding the year to which the calculation date belongs. EPS t+1 = Estimated EPS one year later, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. EPS t+2 = Projected EPS two years from now, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. EPS t+3 = Projected EPS 3 years from now, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. ABS = Absolute Value [Formula 38] 1YBDE PEG = ABS(P / EPS t+1) / {(EPS t+1 - EPS ct) / ABS(EPS ct)×100} Here, 1YBDE PEG = Expected PEG in 1 year before earnings are disclosed (1YBDE PEG) P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS ct = Forecast EPS (consensus, estimated EPS) for the previous year (t) of the year to which the calculation date belongs. EPS t+1 = Estimated EPS one year later, based on the end of the fiscal year preceding the year in which the calculation date falls. ABS = Absolute Value

3. A method for analyzing corporate information using predictive PEG, which is executed by a server, (a) A parameter setting step to set the parameters necessary for analyzing a company; (b) A data collection step to collect stock price and EPS data necessary for analyzing forecast PEG on the server; (c) When specifically calculating the PEG using the data and calculation formulas collected in (b) above, if the forecast PEG for the most recent 12 months is calculated, the data calculation step is performed using [Formula 32], [Formula 33], and [Formula 34]; (d) A saving step in which the data used in the analysis and the calculation results of the predicted PEG are saved to the server; (e) A display step in which corporate information and predicted PEG data analyzed and stored on the server are displayed on the screen; A method for analyzing corporate information using predictive PEG, characterized by comprising the following features. [Formula 32] 1YE PEG ttm = ABS(P / EPS ttm+1) / {(EPS ttm+1 - EPS ttm) / ABS(EPS ttm)×100} Here, 1YE PEG ttm = Expected PEG in 1 year Trailing Twelve Months (1YE PEG ttm) P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS ttm = EPS for the most recent 12 months prior to the month in which the calculation date falls. EPS ttm+1 = Estimated 12-month EPS for one year from now, based on the month preceding the calculation date. ABS = Absolute Value [Formula 33] 2YE PEG ttm = ABS(P / EPS ttm+2) / {(EPS ttm+2 - EPS ttm+1) / ABS(EPS ttm+1)×100} Here, 2YE PEG ttm = Expected PEG Trailing Twelve Months in 2 years (2YE PEG ttm) P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS ttm+1 = Estimated 12-month EPS for one year from now, based on the month preceding the calculation date. EPS ttm+2 = Estimated 12-month EPS two years from now, based on the month preceding the calculation date. ABS = Absolute Value [Formula 34] 2YAE PEG ttm = ABS[P / {(EPS ttm+1 + EPS ttm+2) / 2}] / [{(EPS ttm+1 + EPS ttm+2) / 2 - EPS ttm} / ABS(EPS ttm)×100] Here, 2YAE PEG ttm = 2-Year Average Expected PEG Trailing Twelve Months (2YAE PEG ttm) P = Stock price on the calculation date EPS ttm = EPS for the most recent 12 months prior to the month in which the calculation date falls. EPS ttm+1 = Estimated 12-month EPS for one year from now, based on the month preceding the calculation date. EPS ttm+2 = Estimated 12-month EPS two years from now, based on the month preceding the calculation date. ABS = Absolute Value

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