Battery pack

Abstract

The present invention discloses a battery pack. A battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a base plate, a lower battery module located on the upper surface of the base plate, an inner cover including a top part that covers the upper surface of the lower battery module and has a flow path inside, and an upper battery module provided on the upper surface of the inner cover.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a battery pack.

[0002] This application claims priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0030734 filed on March 4, 2024, and all of the content disclosed in the specification and drawings of the application is incorporated into this application.

Background Art

[0003] As the demand for portable electronic products such as notebook computers, video cameras, and mobile phones has grown rapidly and the commercialization of robots, electric vehicles, etc. has become full-scale, research on high-performance secondary batteries that can be repeatedly charged and discharged has been actively conducted.

[0004] Currently, commercially available secondary batteries include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, lithium secondary batteries, etc. Among these, lithium secondary batteries have attracted attention because they have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based secondary batteries, so they can be freely charged and discharged, have a very low self-discharge rate, and have a high energy density.

[0005] Such lithium secondary batteries mainly use a lithium-based oxide and a carbon material as a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode active material, respectively. A lithium secondary battery includes an electrode assembly in which a positive electrode plate coated with such a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode plate coated with a negative electrode active material are arranged with a separator interposed therebetween, and an exterior material that hermetically stores the electrode assembly together with an electrolytic solution, for example, a battery case.

[0006] Generally, lithium secondary batteries can be classified into a can-type secondary battery in which an electrode assembly is stored in a metal can and a pouch-type secondary battery in which an electrode assembly is stored in a pouch made of an aluminum laminate sheet according to the shape of the exterior material.

[0007] In recent years, secondary batteries have been widely used not only in small devices such as portable electronic devices, but also in medium and large-scale devices such as electric vehicles and energy storage systems (ESS), for propulsion and energy storage. These secondary batteries are electrically connected and housed together inside a module case to form a single battery module. Furthermore, multiple such battery modules are connected to form a single battery pack.

[0008] However, when multiple secondary batteries (battery cells) or multiple battery modules are densely packed into a small space, they can be vulnerable to thermal events. In particular, if an event such as thermal runaway occurs in one battery cell, high-temperature gases, flames, and heat may be generated. If such gases, flames, and heat are transferred to other battery cells contained within the same battery module, an explosive chain reaction such as thermal propagation can occur. Furthermore, such a chain reaction can not only cause accidents such as fires and explosions in the battery module in question, but can also cause fires and explosions in other battery modules.

[0009] Furthermore, in the case of medium to large battery packs, such as those found in electric vehicles, the risk of chain reactions is even higher because they contain a large number of battery cells and battery modules in an attempt to increase output and / or capacity. Moreover, in the case of battery packs installed in electric vehicles, there may be users such as drivers in the vicinity. Therefore, if a thermal event occurring in a particular battery cell or module cannot be properly controlled and a chain reaction occurs, it could lead to not only significant property damage but also loss of life. For this reason, it is necessary to improve the thermal safety of battery packs by properly controlling thermal events generated in battery cells and modules. [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0010] The present invention aims to solve the problems described above and other problems.

[0011] Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack with improved safety when a thermal event occurs.

[0012] Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack that can suppress heat propagation to adjacent battery modules when a thermal event occurs.

[0013] Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack with improved cooling efficiency. [Means for solving the problem]

[0014] To achieve the above objective, a battery pack according to one aspect of the present invention includes a base plate, a lower battery module located on the upper surface of the base plate, an inner cover including a top part that covers the upper surface of the lower battery module and has a flow path inside, and an upper battery module provided on the upper surface of the inner cover.

[0015] Furthermore, the inner cover may further include a side part that covers one side of the lower battery module and has a flow path that communicates with the top part.

[0016] Furthermore, the side parts can be attached to the base plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the base plate may have a flow path inside.

[0018] Furthermore, the flow path in the base plate and the flow path in the inner cover can communicate with each other.

[0019] Further, the battery pack may further include a first fastening member that couples the inner cover and the upper battery module.

[0020] Further, the battery pack may further include a first flame retardant member disposed between the lower battery module and the inner cover.

[0021] Further, the battery pack may further include a second flame retardant member disposed between the inner cover and the upper battery module.

[0022] Further, the battery pack may further include a third flame retardant member disposed inside the top part.

[0023] Further, the battery pack may further include a side wall provided on the upper surface of the base plate and covering the inner cover and the upper battery module.

[0024] Further, the battery pack may further include a pack cover covering the upper surface of the upper battery module.

[0025] Further, the lower battery module may include a module case that provides a space inside and has vent holes formed on the upper surface, and a plurality of battery cells disposed inside the module case.

[0026] Further, the battery pack may further include a fourth flame retardant member disposed between the side part and the lower battery module.

[0027] Further, the battery pack may further include a fifth flame retardant member disposed inside the side part.

[0028] Further, the battery pack may further include a second fastening member that couples the inner cover and the base plate.

[0029] An automobile according to another aspect of the present invention includes a battery pack according to an aspect of the present invention.

Advantages of the Invention

[0030] According to one aspect of the present invention, the thermal safety of the battery pack can be improved.

[0031] According to one aspect of the present invention, heat propagation can be suppressed.

[0032] According to one aspect of the present invention, the cooling efficiency of the battery pack can be improved.

[0033] The following drawings attached to this specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention and are for facilitating a further understanding of the technical idea of the present invention together with the detailed description of the invention. Therefore, the present invention should not be construed as being limited only to the matters described in the drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0034] [Figure 1] It is a diagram showing a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] It is a diagram showing a separated partial configuration of the battery pack of FIG. 1. [Figure 3] It is a diagram showing the battery module of FIG. 2. [Figure 4] It is a diagram showing a separated partial configuration of the battery module of FIG. 3. [Figure 5] It is a diagram showing a separated partial configuration of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] It is a diagram showing how the configuration of FIG. 5 is combined. [Figure 7] It is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration along the cutting line A-A' of FIG. 6. [Figure 8] It is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration along the cutting line B-B' of FIG. 6. [Figure 9] It is a diagram showing a modified form of FIG. 8. [Figure 10] This is a magnified view of section F in Figure 9. [Figure 11] This figure shows the deformed form of Figure 9. [Figure 12] This is a magnified view of section G in Figure 11. [Figure 13] This is a magnified view of section H in Figure 11. [Figure 14] This figure shows a partial configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention, separated from the surrounding area. [Figure 15] This figure shows how the components in Figure 14 are combined. [Figure 16] This figure shows the cross-sectional configuration along the cutting line C-C' in Figure 15. [Figure 17] This figure shows a partial configuration of a battery pack according to yet another embodiment of the present invention, separated from its original form. [Figure 18] This figure shows how the components of Figure 17 are combined. [Figure 19] This figure shows the cross-sectional configuration along the cutting line D-D' in Figure 17. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0035] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings. Prior to this, terms and words used in this specification and in the claims shall not be interpreted in a manner limited to their general and dictionary meanings, but in accordance with the principle that inventors themselves may appropriately define the concepts of terms in order to best describe their invention, and shall be interpreted in a manner and concept corresponding to the technical idea of ​​the present invention.

[0036] Therefore, the embodiments described herein and the configurations shown in the drawings represent only one of the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent the entire technical concept of the invention. It should be understood that there are various equivalents and modifications that can substitute for them at the time of filing this application.

[0037] Figure 1 shows a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 2 shows a separate view of some of the components of the battery pack in Figure 1.

[0038] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a base plate 110 and a battery module 200.

[0039] The base plate 110 may be in the shape of a rectangular plate.

[0040] The battery module 200 can be installed, fixed, coupled, attached, or fastened to the upper surface of the base plate 110. The battery modules 200 can be stacked along the vertical or Z-axis direction. They can also be stacked along the left-right or Y-axis direction. Furthermore, they can be stacked along the front-back or X-axis direction.

[0041] Multiple battery modules 200 may be provided. Multiple battery modules 200 may consist of a lower battery module 201 and an upper battery module 202. The upper battery module 202 may be located above the lower battery module 201. The lower battery module 201 may be installed, fixed, coupled, attached to, or fastened to the upper surface of the base plate 110. The lower battery module 201 and the upper battery module 202 may have the same structure and configuration. The lower battery module 201 and the upper battery module 202 may be collectively referred to as the battery module 200.

[0042] Figure 3 shows the battery module 200 of Figure 2, and Figure 4 shows a separate view of some of the components of the battery module 200 of Figure 3.

[0043] Referring to Figures 3 and 4, a battery module 200 of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a module case 210, a plurality of battery cells 220, a busbar frame assembly 250, an end cover 230, and a compression pad 240.

[0044] The module case 210 may be rectangular in shape. The module case 210 may also be called a frame 210. The module case 210 may provide internal space. The module case 210 may have a top surface, a bottom surface, and a pair of sides. The module case 210 may also have an open front and rear surface. The module case 210 may have a vent hole 211 on its top surface. The vent hole 211 may connect the inside and outside of the module case 210.

[0045] Multiple battery cells 220 can be stacked in the left-right direction or along the Y-axis. In this case, the battery cells 220 may represent a secondary battery. A secondary battery may comprise an electrode assembly, an electrolyte, electrode leads, and a battery case. In particular, the battery cells 220 may be pouch-type secondary batteries. Each battery cell 220 may extend along the front-back direction or along the X-axis. Electrode leads may protrude forward and backward from each battery cell 220.

[0046] The compression pad 240 may be placed between multiple battery cells 220. The compression pad 240 may be placed between at least some of the battery cells 220 and / or on the outer casing of the laminate.

[0047] Such a compression pad 240 may include an elastic material to absorb the swelling of the battery cell 220. For example, the compression pad 240 may be made of a foam material such as polyurethane. Alternatively, the compression pad 240 may include a material capable of blocking heat, flames, etc. For example, the compression pad 240 may include an insulating or fire-resistant material such as silicone or mica.

[0048] The busbar frame assembly 250 may be provided in front of and behind the multiple battery cells 220, respectively. The busbar frame assembly 250 may be electrically connected to the electrode leads of the multiple battery cells 220.

[0049] A pair of end covers 230 can be attached to the front and rear of the module case 210, respectively. The pair of end covers 230 can cover the front and rear surfaces of the module case 210. The end covers 230 can be rectangular in shape.

[0050] Figure 5 is a diagram showing a partial configuration of a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 is a diagram showing the configuration of Figure 5 when combined, Figure 7 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration along the cutting line A-A' in Figure 6, and Figure 8 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration along the cutting line B-B' in Figure 6.

[0051] Referring to Figures 1 to 8, a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may include an inner cover 400. The inner cover 400 may cover the upper surface of the lower battery module 201. Multiple inner covers 400 may be provided. The inner covers 400 may be provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the lower battery module 201. The inner covers 400 may extend along the longitudinal direction, the X-axis direction, or the front-to-back direction of the battery module 200.

[0052] The inner cover 400 may include a top part 410. The top part 410 may be rectangular in shape. The top part 410 may have a flow path 411 inside. The flow path 411 of the top part 410 may be referred to as the top flow path 411. The top part 410 may cover the upper surface of the lower battery module 201.

[0053] The upper battery module 202 may be located above the top part 410. Alternatively, the upper battery module 202 may be mounted, fixed, coupled, attached to, or fastened to the top surface of the top part 410.

[0054] According to this configuration of the present invention, the thermal safety of the battery pack can be improved. The inner cover 400 can block or reduce the transfer of thermal energy to the upper battery module 202 by vent gas g or the like when a thermal event occurs in the lower battery module 201. In addition, the top part 410 can delay the accumulation of thermal energy by having a flow path inside. This can suppress or block thermal runaway or heat propagation.

[0055] Furthermore, the inner cover 400 can block or reduce the transfer of thermal energy to the lower battery module 201 when a thermal event occurs in the upper battery module 202.

[0056] Referring to Figures 1 to 8, the inner cover 400 of the battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may include side parts 420 and 430. The side parts 420 and 430 may cover the sides of the lower battery module 201. The side parts 420 and 430 may extend in the vertical direction or the Z-axis direction. The side parts 420 and 430 may also be connected, fastened, coupled, or attached to the top part 410. The side parts 420 and 430 may be provided in pairs. The first side part 420 and the second side part 430 may be collectively referred to as side parts 420 and 430 or a pair of side parts 420 and 430. The pair of side parts 420 and 430 may be arranged facing each other. The pair of side parts 420 and 430 may each cover different sides of the battery module 200. The pair of side parts 420 and 430 and the top part 410 may be formed integrally.

[0057] Furthermore, the pair of side parts 420 and 430 may be equipped with internal flow channels 421 and 431. The flow channels 421 and 431 of the pair of side parts 420 and 430 may be referred to as side flow channels 421 and 431.

[0058] According to this configuration of the present invention, the thermal safety of the battery pack can be improved. The inner cover 400 can block or reduce the transfer of thermal energy to adjacent lower battery modules 201 when a thermal event occurs in the lower battery module 201. In addition, the side parts 420 and 430 can delay the accumulation of thermal energy by having side passages 421 and 431 inside. This can suppress or block thermal runaway or heat propagation.

[0059] Referring to Figures 1 to 8, the side parts 420 and 430 of the battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention can be installed, fixed, joined, attached to or fastened to the upper surface of the base plate 110.

[0060] According to this configuration of the present invention, the thermal safety of the battery pack can be improved by ensuring that the inner cover 400 is stably attached.

[0061] Furthermore, according to this configuration of the present invention, the rigidity of the base plate 110 or the battery pack can be improved.

[0062] Referring to Figures 1 to 8, a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a first fastening member 161. The first fastening member 161 can connect the inner cover 400 and the upper battery module 202. The first fastening member 161 can connect the top part 410 and the upper battery module 202. The first fastening member 161 can penetrate the top part 410.

[0063] According to this configuration of the present invention, the thermal safety of the battery pack can be improved by ensuring that the inner cover 400 is stably attached.

[0064] Furthermore, according to this configuration of the present invention, the rigidity of the base plate 110 or the battery pack can be improved.

[0065] Referring to Figures 1 to 8, a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a second fastening member 162. The second fastening member 162 can connect the inner cover 400 and the base plate 110. The second fastening member 162 can connect the side parts 420, 430 and the base plate 110. The second fastening member 162 can penetrate the base plate 110.

[0066] According to this configuration of the present invention, the thermal safety of the battery pack can be improved by ensuring that the inner cover 400 is stably attached.

[0067] Furthermore, according to this configuration of the present invention, the rigidity of the base plate 110 or the battery pack can be improved.

[0068] Referring to Figures 1 to 8, a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a third fastening member 163. The third fastening member 163 can connect the lower battery module 201 and the base plate 110. The third fastening member 163 may penetrate the base plate 110.

[0069] Referring to Figures 1 to 8, in one embodiment of the present invention, the battery pack may have a base plate 110 with a flow path inside. The flow path 111 of the base plate 110 may be referred to as the base flow path 111. In this case, the base plate 110 may also be referred to as the heat sink 110. The base flow path 111 may communicate with the flow path of the inner cover 400. The base flow path 111 may communicate with the side flow paths 421 and 431. Furthermore, the base flow path 111 may communicate with the top flow path 411.

[0070] Cooling air or cooling liquid can flow through the base channel 111, side channels 421 and 431, and top channel 411. For example, a portion of the cooling fluid flowing along the base channel 111 may branch off and flow into the first side channel 421. The cooling fluid that flows into the first side channel 421 may then flow through the top channel 411 and the second side channel 431 before rejoining the base channel 111.

[0071] According to this configuration of the present invention, the cooling efficiency of the battery pack can be improved.

[0072] Furthermore, this configuration of the present invention can improve thermal safety. When a thermal event occurs in the lower battery module 201, the inner cover 400 can block or reduce the transfer of thermal energy to the adjacent battery module 200 by allowing the cooling fluid to flow along the base channel 111, side channels 421, 431 and top channel 411. This can suppress or block thermal runaway or heat propagation.

[0073] Referring to Figures 1 to 8, a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may include side walls 120. The side walls 120 may form the exterior of the battery pack. The side walls 120 may be installed, fixed, coupled, attached to or fastened to the upper surface of the base plate 110. The battery pack may include four side walls 120. The side walls 120 and the base plate 110 may form an internal space. The side walls 120 may cover at least one of the inner cover 400, the lower battery module 201, and the upper battery module 202.

[0074] Referring to Figures 1 to 8, a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a pack cover 150. The pack cover 150 may form the exterior of the battery pack. The pack cover 150 may be installed, fixed, coupled, attached to, or fastened to the side wall 120. The pack cover 150 may cover the internal space. The pack cover 150 may cover at least one of the inner cover 400, the lower battery module 201, and the upper battery module 202.

[0075] The following explanation will focus on the differences from the embodiments described above, and redundant explanations will be omitted.

[0076] Figure 9 shows a modified form of Figure 8, and Figure 10 is an enlarged view of portion F in Figure 9. Referring to Figures 9 and 10, the top part 410 of the inner cover 400 of the battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a third flame-retardant member 503. The third flame-retardant member 503 may include a flame-retardant material. The third flame-retardant member 503 may also include a heat-insulating material. The third flame-retardant member 503 may also include a heat-resistant material. The third flame-retardant member 503 may also include a fire-resistant material. For example, the third flame-retardant member 503 may include aerogel, mica, silicone, etc.

[0077] The third flame-retardant member 503 may be placed inside the top part 410. Alternatively, the third flame-retardant member 503 may be placed in the top flow path 411. Even when the third flame-retardant member 503 is placed in the top flow path 411, the top flow path 411 can communicate with the first side flow path 421 and the second side flow path 431. The third flame-retardant member 503 may be pad-shaped. Furthermore, the third flame-retardant member 503 may extend along the top part 410 in the front-to-back or left-to-right direction.

[0078] According to this configuration of the present invention, the thermal safety of the battery pack can be improved. When a thermal event occurs in the lower battery module 201, the inner cover 400 may be damaged. The third flame retardant member 503 can block or reduce the transfer of thermal energy to the adjacent upper battery module 202 even if the inner cover 400 is damaged. This can suppress or block thermal runaway or heat propagation.

[0079] Figure 11 shows a modified form of Figure 9, Figure 12 is an enlarged view of portion G in Figure 11, and Figure 13 is an enlarged view of portion H in Figure 11. Referring to Figures 11 to 13, the side parts 420 and 430 of the inner cover 400 of the battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a fifth flame retardant member 505. The fifth flame retardant member 505 may be arranged inside the side parts 420 and 430. The fifth flame retardant member 505 may be provided in pairs. The fifth flame retardant member 505 may also be arranged in the side passages 421 and 431. Even if the fifth flame retardant member 505 is arranged in the side passages 421 and 431, the side passages 421 and 431 can communicate with the top passage 411. The fifth flame retardant member 505 may be pad-shaped. The third flame retardant member 503 may extend along the side parts 420 and 430 in the front-rear or up-down direction.

[0080] According to this configuration of the present invention, the thermal safety of the battery pack can be improved. When a thermal event occurs in the lower battery module 201, the inner cover 400 may be damaged. The fifth flame retardant member 505 can block or reduce the transfer of thermal energy to the adjacent lower battery module 201 or upper battery module 202 even if the inner cover 400 is damaged. This can suppress or block thermal runaway or heat propagation.

[0081] Figure 14 is a diagram showing a partial configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 15 shows the configuration of Figure 14 when combined, and Figure 16 shows a cross-sectional configuration along the cutting line C-C' of Figure 15.

[0082] Referring to Figures 14 to 16, a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a first flame retardant member 501. The first flame retardant member 501 may be positioned between the lower battery module 201 and the inner cover 400. The first flame retardant member 501 may also be positioned between the upper surface of the lower battery module 201 and the top part 410. The first flame retardant member 501 may also be bonded, attached, fixed, or fastened to the lower surface of the top part 410. The first flame retardant member 501 may also extend along the top part 410 in the front-to-back or left-to-right direction.

[0083] According to this configuration of the present invention, the thermal safety of the battery pack can be improved. The first flame retardant member 501 can prevent damage to the inner cover 400 when a thermal event occurs in the lower battery module 201. Furthermore, even if the inner cover 400 is damaged, the first flame retardant member 501 can block or reduce the transfer of thermal energy to the adjacent upper battery module 202. This can suppress or block thermal runaway or heat propagation.

[0084] Referring to Figures 14 to 16, a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a second flame retardant member 502. The second flame retardant member 502 may be positioned between the upper battery module 202 and the inner cover 400. The second flame retardant member 502 may also be positioned between the lower surface of the upper battery module 202 and the top part 410. Furthermore, the second flame retardant member 502 may be coupled, attached, fixed, or fastened to the upper surface of the top part 410 or the lower surface of the upper battery module 202. The second flame retardant member 502 may also extend along the top part 410 in the front-rear or left-right direction.

[0085] According to this configuration of the present invention, the thermal safety of the battery pack can be improved. When a thermal event occurs in the lower battery module 201, the inner cover 400 may be damaged. The second flame retardant member 502 can block or reduce the transfer of thermal energy to the adjacent upper battery module 202 even if the inner cover 400 is damaged. This can suppress or block thermal runaway or heat propagation.

[0086] Figure 17 is a diagram showing a partial configuration of a battery pack according to yet another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 18 shows the configuration of Figure 17 when combined, and Figure 19 shows a cross-sectional configuration along the cutting line D-D' of Figure 17.

[0087] Referring to Figures 17 to 19, a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a fourth flame retardant member 504. The fourth flame retardant member 504 may be positioned between the lower battery module 201 and the inner cover 400. Alternatively, the fourth flame retardant member 504 may be positioned between the lower battery module 201 and the side parts 420 and 430. The fourth flame retardant member 504 may be provided in pairs. The fourth flame retardant member 504 may be coupled, attached, fixed, or fastened to the inner surfaces of the side parts 420 and 430. The fourth flame retardant member 504 may extend along the side parts 420 and 430 in the front-rear or up-down direction. The lower battery module 201 may be located between a pair of fourth flame retardant members 504.

[0088] According to this configuration of the present invention, the thermal safety of the battery pack can be improved. The fourth flame retardant member 504 can prevent damage to the inner cover 400 when a thermal event occurs in the lower battery module 201. Furthermore, even if the inner cover 400 is damaged, the fourth flame retardant member 504 can block or reduce the transfer of thermal energy to the adjacent lower battery module 201 or upper battery module 202. This can suppress or block thermal runaway or heat propagation.

[0089] Furthermore, a battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include a variety of components, such as a battery management system (BMS), busbars, relays, current sensors, and other components of a battery pack known at the time of filing the present invention.

[0090] An automobile according to one embodiment of the present invention includes the battery pack according to the present embodiment of the present invention described above. The battery pack according to one embodiment of the present invention may be applied to automobiles such as electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles. Furthermore, an automobile according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include a variety of other components included in the automobile in addition to such a battery pack, such as a vehicle body, motors, and control devices such as an electronic control unit (ECU).

[0091] On the other hand, while terms indicating direction such as up, down, left, right, front, and back are used in this specification, these terms are used for convenience of explanation, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that they can change depending on the position of the object being examined, the position of the observer, etc.

[0092] As described above, the present invention has been explained with limited embodiments and drawings, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited thereto, and that various modifications and variations are possible within the equivalent scope of the technical idea and claims of the present invention by persons with ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains.

Claims

1. base plate and The lower battery module is located on the upper surface of the base plate, An inner cover including a top part that covers the upper surface of the lower battery module and has a flow path inside, A battery pack including an upper battery module provided on the upper surface of the inner cover.

2. The aforementioned inner cover is The battery pack according to claim 1, further comprising a side part that covers one side of the lower battery module and has a flow path that communicates with the top part.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, wherein the side part is attached to the base plate.

4. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the base plate has a flow path inside.

5. The battery pack according to claim 4, wherein the flow path of the base plate and the flow path of the inner cover are in communication.

6. The battery pack according to claim 1, further comprising a first fastening member for connecting the inner cover and the upper battery module.

7. The battery pack according to claim 1, further comprising a first flame-retardant member disposed between the lower battery module and the inner cover.

8. The battery pack according to claim 1, further comprising a second flame-retardant member disposed between the inner cover and the upper battery module.

9. The battery pack according to claim 1, further comprising a third flame-retardant member disposed inside the top part.

10. The battery pack according to claim 1, further comprising a side wall provided on the upper surface of the base plate and covering the inner cover and the upper battery module.

11. The battery pack according to claim 1, further comprising a pack cover that covers the upper surface of the upper battery module.

12. The aforementioned lower battery module is A module case that provides internal space and has vent holes formed on its top surface, The battery pack according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of battery cells disposed inside the module case.

13. The battery pack according to claim 2, further comprising a fourth flame-retardant member disposed between the side part and the lower battery module.

14. The battery pack according to claim 2, further comprising a fifth flame-retardant member disposed inside the side part.

15. The battery pack according to claim 1, further comprising a second fastening member for connecting the inner cover and the base plate.

16. An automobile comprising a battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

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