Battery modules and battery packs

Abstract

This application discloses a battery module and a battery pack. The battery module has two intersecting first, second, and third directions, and the battery module includes a plurality of single cells and a protective case, the protective case includes a top cover, a first end plate, a second end plate and a plurality of side plates, the first and second end plates are spaced apart along the first direction and the plurality of side plates are spaced apart along the second direction and connected between the first and second end plates, the top cover is connected to the same side along the third direction of the first end plate, the second end plate and the two side plates and jointly defines a housing cavity, the plurality of single cells are arranged in the housing cavity along the first direction and the single cells are connected to the side plates, the single cells at both ends abut against the first end plate and the second end plate respectively, where the total weight of the plurality of single cells is M1 kg, the weight of the protective case is M2 kg, and the condition 0.05 ≤ M2 / M1 ≤ 0.25 is satisfied.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of battery manufacturing, and particularly to battery modules and battery packs.

Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, people's requirements for new energy vehicles are becoming increasingly high.

[0003] In the process of continuously optimizing new energy vehicles, the weight of new energy vehicles is also continuously increasing. Here, in order to improve the endurance of new energy vehicles, engineers always increase the capacity of the battery module. Therefore, the weight of the battery module becomes larger, and further the weight of the new energy vehicle becomes larger.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of this application provide a battery module and a battery pack to solve the problem that the weight of the battery module in the related art is relatively large and the weight of the new energy vehicle is large.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, this application is realized as follows. In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery module having two intersecting first, second, and third directions, the battery module comprising a plurality of cells and a protective case, the protective case comprising a top cover, a first end plate, a second end plate and a plurality of side plates, the first and second end plates being spaced apart along the first direction, the plurality of side plates being spaced apart along the second direction and connected between the first and second end plates, the top cover being connected to the same side of the first end plate, the second end plate and the plurality of side plates along the third direction and jointly defining a housing cavity, Multiple of the single cells are arranged in the housing cavity along the first direction, and the single cells are connected to the side plate, with the single cells at both ends in contact with the first end plate and the second end plate, respectively. Here, the total weight of the multiple single cells is M1 kg, the weight of the protective case is M2 kg, and the condition 0.05 ≤ M2 / M1 ≤ 0.25 is satisfied.

[0006] For it to be selectable, M1 satisfies 5 ≤ ​​M1 ≤ 30.

[0007] For it to be selectable, M2 satisfies 0.25 ≤ M2 ≤ 7.5.

[0008] For selection to be possible, M1 satisfies 5 ≤ ​​M1 ≤ 30, and M2 satisfies 0.25 ≤ M2 ≤ 7.5.

[0009] Selectively, the plurality of single cells have a first end face and a second end face provided opposite to each other along the first direction, the distance between the first end face and the second end face is D1 mm, the minimum distance between the first end plate and the second end plate along the first direction is D2 mm, and 1 ≤ D1 / D2 ≤ 1.1.

[0010] Selectively, an adhesive layer is provided between the single cell and the side plate.

[0011] Selectively, the adhesive strength of the adhesive layer includes a tensile strength W1 MPa and a shear strength W2 MPa, W 1 / If M1 ≥ 0.1, then W2 / M1 ≥ 0.1 is satisfied.

[0012] For the selectable case, the weight of the adhesive layer is M3g, the weight of the single cell is M4kg, and the relationship 0.2 ≤ M3 / M4 ≤ 5 is satisfied.

[0013] Selectively, both ends of the side plate are welded and fixed to the first end plate and the second end plate, Here, the first weld strength between the first end plate and the side plate is F1Mpa, the second weld strength between the second end plate and the side plate is F2Mpa, and F1 / M1 ≥ 0.2 and F2 / M1 ≥ 0.2 are satisfied.

[0014] Selectively, the biasing force generated on the multiple single cells by the first end plate is F3kN, the biasing force generated on the multiple single cells by the second end plate is F4kN, and satisfies 0.01 ≤ F3 / M1 ≤ 0.3 and 0.01 ≤ F4 / M1 ≤ 0.3.

[0015] Optionally, a cushioning pad is provided between at least two partially adjacent single cells.

[0016] Optionally, the side plate includes a main body and a first folding structure positioned on the side adjacent to the top cover, the first folding structure extending from the main body toward the top cover and engaging with the top cover.

[0017] Selectively, an insulating film is provided on at least one of the main body and the first folding structure, and the insulating film is bonded to the single cell.

[0018] Selectively, the insulating film has a second folded structure corresponding to the first folded structure, the second folded structure being located between the first folded structure and the single cell.

[0019] Optionally, the battery module further includes an insulating spacer, the insulating spacer being provided between the single cell adjacent to the first end plate and the first end plate.

[0020] Optionally, the battery module further includes an insulating spacer, which is provided between the single cell adjacent to the second end plate and the second end plate.

[0021] Optionally, the battery module further includes an insulating spacer, wherein the insulating spacer is provided between the single cell adjacent to the first end plate and the first end plate, and between the single cell adjacent to the second end plate and the second end plate.

[0022] In a second embodiment, the embodiment of the present application further provides a battery pack comprising a package case and a battery module described in any one of the first embodiments, wherein the battery module is located within the package case.

[0023] Optionally, the battery pack includes a liquid cooling plate, the liquid cooling plate is located on the side of the single cell furthest from the top cover, and the liquid cooling plate and the single cell are bonded together via a thermal conductive adhesive.

[0024] In the embodiments of the present application, the battery module includes a plurality of single cells and a protective case. Here, the protective case includes a first end plate, a second end plate, two side plates distributed at intervals along a second direction, and a top cover, which are distributed along a first direction. The top cover is connected to the same side of the first end plate, the second end plate, and the two side plates along a third direction. Thereby, the top cover, the first end plate, the second end plate, and the two side plates can define an accommodation cavity. The plurality of single cells are arranged in the accommodation cavity along the first direction and connected to the side plates. The plurality of single cells are located in the protective case to form a battery module. The single cells located at both ends of the plurality of single cells are respectively abutted against the first end plate and the second end plate. The total weight of the plurality of single cells is M1 kg, and the weight of the protective case is M2 kg. Here, 0.05 ≤ M2 / M1 ≤ 0.25. Thereby, the protective case can protect the single cells, reduce the weight of the protective case, further reduce the weight of the battery module, reduce the impact on the weight of the new energy vehicle caused by the battery module, and avoid the problem of the large weight of the new energy vehicle for the installation of the battery module. Thereby, the weight energy density and safety of the battery pack can be balanced.

[0025] The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present application. For a clearer understanding of the technical means of the present application, it may be implemented according to the content of the specification. In order to more clearly understand the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present application, the following specific embodiments of the present application are listed below.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following briefly describes the drawings necessary for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only a part of the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on the attached drawings without creative work. [Figure 1] It is a schematic structural diagram 1 of the battery module provided by the embodiment of the present application. [Figure 2] This is a schematic diagram 2 of the structure of the battery module provided by the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective case provided by the embodiment of the present application. [Figure 4] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of multiple single cells and a third end plate provided by an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 5] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the side plate and insulating film provided by the embodiment of the present application. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0027] To further clarify the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments. Of course, the embodiments described are only a part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained based on the embodiments of this application, without creative work by a person skilled in the art, fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] When an element is described as being "fixed" or "attached" to another element, that element may be directly attached to the other element or may be a centrally located element. When an element is described as being "connected" to another element, that element may be directly connected to the other element or may simultaneously be a centrally located element. The terms “vertical,” “horizontal,” “up,” “down,” “left,” and “right,” and similar expressions used herein, are for illustrative purposes only and do not indicate that they represent only one embodiment.

[0029] In the embodiments of the application, "parallel" means that the angle between two lines, a line and a surface, or two surfaces is between -1° and 1°. "Perpendicular" means that the angle between two lines, a line and a surface, or two surfaces is between 89° and 91°. "Equal distance" means that the tolerance range is between -1% and 1%.

[0030] As shown in Figures 1 to 6, the battery module 100 has two intersecting first directions, a second direction, and a third direction, and the battery module 100 includes a plurality of single cells 110 and a protective case 120, the protective case 120 includes a top cover 121, a first end plate 122, a second end plate 123, and a plurality of side plates 124, the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123 are spaced apart along the first direction, and the plurality of side plates 124 are spaced apart along the second direction and connected between the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123. The top cover 121 is connected to the same side of the first end plate 122, the second end plate 123, and the multiple side plates 124 along the third direction, and jointly defines the housing cavity 125. The multiple single cells 110 are arranged in the housing cavity 125 along the first direction, and the single cells 110 are connected to the side plates 124, with the single cells 110 at both ends in contact with the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123, respectively. Here, the total weight of the multiple single cells 110 is M1 kg, the weight of the protective case 120 is M2 kg, and the condition 0.05 ≤ M2 / M1 ≤ 0.25 is satisfied. Here, the single cells 110 at both ends are in contact with the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123, respectively. Specifically, among the multiple single cells 110 arranged in the housing cavity 125 along the first direction, the single cells 110 along the outermost edge in the first direction are the single cells 110 at both ends.

[0031] In the embodiments of the present invention, the battery module 100 includes a plurality of single cells 110 and a protective case 120, wherein the protective case 120 includes a first end plate 122, a second end plate 123 distributed along a first direction, a plurality of side plates 124 distributed at intervals along a second direction, and a top cover 121, the top cover 121 being connected to the same side along a third direction of the first end plate 122, the second end plate 123 and the plurality of side plates 124, thereby the top cover 121 and the first end plate 1 22. The second end plate 123 and the multiple side plates 124 can define a housing cavity 125, and the multiple single cells 110 can be arranged in the housing cavity 125 along a first direction and connected to the side plates 124, and the single cells 110 located at both ends of the multiple single cells 110 can be brought into contact with the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123, respectively, so that the multiple single cells 110 are located inside the protective case 120, thereby forming a battery module 100. The total weight of the multiple individual cells 110 is M1 kg, and the weight of the protective case 120 is M2 kg, where 0.05 ≤ M2 / M1 ≤ 0.25. Thus, the protective case 120 can protect the individual cells 110, reduce the weight of the protective case 120, and further reduce the weight of the battery module 100, thereby reducing the impact of the battery module 100 on the weight of the new energy vehicle. This avoids the problem of the new energy vehicle being heavy due to the installation of the battery module 100, and thus achieves both the safety and weight-energy density of the battery pack.

[0032] In the embodiment of the present application, the protective case 120 includes a first end plate 122, a second end plate 123, a plurality of side plates 124 and a top cover 121, the top cover 121 is connected to the same side of the first end plate 122, the second end plate 123 and the plurality of side plates 124 along a third direction, the housing cavity 125 formed by the connection of the top cover 121, the first end plate 122, the second end plate 123 and the plurality of side plates 124 is an open housing cavity 125, the protective case 120 further includes a bottom plate, the bottom plate is connected to other members Compared to forming a closed housing cavity 125, this invention is equivalent to canceling the installation of a bottom plate, that is, no structure similar to a bottom plate is provided in the opposite direction along the third direction of the first end plate 122, directly reducing the components of the protective case 120 and directly reducing the weight of the protective case 120. The weight of the multiple single batteries 110 and the weight of the protective case 120 can satisfy the relationship 0.05 ≤ M2 / M1 ≤ 0.25, thereby achieving a lighter battery module 100 and reducing costs.

[0033] In this embodiment, there are two side plates 124, but in other embodiments, there may be two or more side plates 124, and this is not limited here.

[0034] The specific values ​​of M2 / M1 may be set according to the actual situation. For example, M2 / M1 may be set to 0.1. In this case, the weight of the protective case 120 is 0.1 times the weight of the multiple individual batteries 110. If the weight of the individual batteries 110 in the battery module 100 is constant, the weight of the protective case 120 can be reduced, thereby reducing the weight of the battery module 100 and thus reducing the impact of the battery module 100 on the weight of the new energy vehicle. Naturally, M2 / M1 may be set to any or any two of the values ​​of 0.05, 0.07, 0.09, 0.1, 0.13, 0.15, 0.17, 0.19, 0.2, 0.22, and 0.25.

[0035] In some embodiments, 0.08 ≤ M2 / M1 ≤ 0.23.

[0036] In some embodiments, 0.08 ≤ M2 / M1 ≤ 0.21.

[0037] In some examples, 0.09 ≤ M2 / M1 ≤ 0.20.

[0038] Furthermore, in some embodiments, M1 can satisfy 5 ≤ M1 ≤ 30.

[0039] As can be understood, 5 ≤ M1 ≤ 30, meaning the total weight of the multiple single cells 110 is between 5 kg and 30 kg. Based on this, the number of single cells 110 in the battery module 100 can be set so as not to increase the weight of the vehicle by providing too many single cells 110, and so as to be sufficient for the normal operation of the vehicle. At this time, the mass of the protective case 120 can be set based on the total weight of the multiple single cells 110, based on the relationship between M2 and M1, i.e., 0.05 ≤ M2 / M1 ≤ 0.25. For example, if M1 = 10 kg, then 0.4 ≤ M2 ≤ 2, and if M2 / M1 = 0.1, then M2 may specifically be 1 kg. M1 may be any other value, such as 6, 7, 8, 12, 26, or any value between the two. The embodiments of this application are not specifically limited to the specific value of M1.

[0040] Furthermore, in some embodiments, M2 can satisfy the condition 0.25 ≤ M2 ≤ 7.5.

[0041] As can be understood, 0.25 ≤ M2 ≤ 7.5, meaning the weight of the protective case 120 is between 0.25 kg and 7.5 kg. Based on this, the first end plate 122, the second end plate 123, the side plate 124, and the top cover 121 can be set so that the protective case 120 can satisfy the protective function against the single cell 110. In this case, the total weight of the multiple single cells 110 can be calculated based on the weight of the protective case 120, based on the relationship between M2 and M1, i.e., 0.05 ≤ M2 / M1 ≤ 0.25, and the number of single cells 110 can be set. For example, if M2 = 1 kg, it may be set so that 4 ≤ M1 ≤ 20, and if M2 / M1 = 0.1, M1 may specifically be 10 kg. M2 may be any other value, such as 0.3, 0.4, 2, 0.7, or any value between the two. The embodiments of this application are not specifically limited to the specific value of M2. In the embodiments of this application, at least one of M2 and M1 can satisfy the above numerical range, and if one of M2 or M1 satisfies the above numerical range, other specific numerical values ​​can be obtained based on calculations, or M1 can satisfy 5 ≤ M1 ≤ 30 and M2 can satisfy 0.25 ≤ M2 ≤ 7.5. The embodiments of this application do not specifically limit which parameters of M2 and M1 fall within the above numerical range.

[0042] Furthermore, in some embodiments, M1 can satisfy 5 ≤ M1 ≤ 30, and M2 can satisfy 0.25 ≤ M2 ≤ 7.5.

[0043] In some embodiments, M1 can satisfy 8 ≤ M1 ≤ 25.

[0044] In some embodiments, M2 can satisfy 0.62 ≤ M2 ≤ 6.6.

[0045] In some embodiments, M1 can satisfy 8 ≤ M1 ≤ 25, and M2 can satisfy 0.62 ≤ M2 ≤ 6.6.

[0046] In other embodiments, M1 can satisfy 11 ≤ M1 ≤ 21 in order to better balance the gravimetric energy density and structural strength of the battery pack.

[0047] In other embodiments, M2 can satisfy 0.81 ≤ M2 ≤ 5.3 in order to better balance the gravimetric energy density and structural strength of the battery pack.

[0048] In other embodiments, in order to better balance the gravimetric energy density and structural strength of the battery pack, M1 can satisfy 11 ≤ M1 ≤ 21, and M2 can satisfy 0.81 ≤ M2 ≤ 5.3.

[0049] Furthermore, in some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1, 3, and 4, a plurality of single cells 110 have a first end face 111 and a first end face 112 that are opposite each other along a first direction, the distance between the first end face 111 and the first end face 112 may be D1 mm, and the minimum distance between the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123 along the first direction may be D2 mm, satisfying 1 ≤ D1 / D2 ≤ 1.1.

[0050] Each of the multiple single cells 110 has a first end face 111 and a first end face 112 that are facing each other in a first direction, with a distance of D1 mm between the first end face 111 and the first end face 112. The first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123 are distributed at intervals along the first direction, so there is a distance between the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123. The minimum distance between the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123 along the first direction is D2 mm, where 1 ≤ D1 / D2 ≤ 1.1. Within this range, the multiple single cells 110 can be arranged between the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123, and the single cells 110 at both ends of the multiple single cells 110 can be brought into contact with the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123.

[0051] Furthermore, in some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2, an adhesive layer 1243 may be provided between the single cell 110 and the side plate 124.

[0052] An adhesive layer 1243 is provided between the single cell 110 and the side plate 124, and by bonding the single cell 110 and the side plate 124 via the adhesive layer 1243, a connection between the single cell 110 and the side plate 124 can be achieved. This allows the single cell 110 to be fixed inside the housing cavity 125 so that the protective case 120 can adequately protect the single cell 110.

[0053] Furthermore, the adhesive layer 1243 may be a two-component mixed curing adhesive (ABglue, AB adhesive) adhesive layer. In AB adhesive, one component is the adhesive itself, and the other is a curing agent. Adhesion can be achieved by mixing the two liquids and curing them. Naturally, the adhesive layer 1243 may be formed from other adhesives, such as acrylic sealer, epoxy sealer, silicone sealer, etc., and the specific type of adhesive layer 1243 is not specifically limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0054] In some embodiments, the weight of the adhesive layer 1243 is M3g, and the weight of a single cell 110 is M4kg, satisfying the relationship 0.2 ≤ M3 / M4 ≤ 5, where M4 is the weight of one single cell 110. If M3 / M4 is greater than 5, the weight of the adhesive layer 1243 is too great, and the adhesive layer 1243 accounts for a relatively large portion of the total weight of the battery module 100, thereby affecting the energy density of the battery module 100. If M3 / M4 is less than 0.2, the weight of the single cell 110 is too great, much greater than the weight of the adhesive layer 1243. In this case, the adhesive layer 1243 cannot firmly bond the single cell 110 to the side plate 124, affecting the reliability of the connection between the single cell 110 and the side plate 124. By controlling the weight of the single cell 110 and the weight of the adhesive layer 1243 within the above range, it is possible to achieve both connection reliability between the single cell 110 and the side plate 124, and the overall energy density of the battery module 100.

[0055] In other embodiments, 0.8 ≤ M3 / M4 ≤ 4, and more preferably 1.2 ≤ M3 / M4 ≤ 3.3.

[0056] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the adhesive strength of the adhesive layer 1243 may include a tensile strength W1 MPa and a shear strength W2 MPa, satisfying W1 / M1 ≥ 0.1 and W2 / M1 ≥ 0.1.

[0057] The adhesive strength of the adhesive layer 1243 includes a tensile strength W1 MPa and a shear strength W2 MPa, where the tensile strength W1 satisfies the relationship W1 / M1 ≥ 0.1, and the shear strength W2 satisfies the relationship W2 / M1 ≥ 0.1. The adhesive layer 1243 is used to connect the single cell 110 and the side plate 124, and the protective case 120 is not provided with a structure that allows the single cell 110 to be placed in the opposite direction of the third direction. Therefore, the adhesive layer 1243 is used to connect the single cell 110 to the adhesive layer When the adhesive layer 1243 is further subjected to the force applied to 1243, and is easily pulled by the action of the single cell 110, and the tensile strength W1 and shear strength W2 satisfy the above relationship, the adhesive layer 1243 can receive the force applied from at least some of the single cell 110, and when the single cell 110 and the side plate 124 are connected via the adhesive layer 1243, the problem of the adhesive layer 1243 easily falling off and poor connection effect between the single cell 110 and the side plate 124 can be avoided.

[0058] Here, the tensile strength can be measured by the following method: 1) Using a tensile force measuring instrument such as a tensile force meter, apply a first test force in a direction parallel to the direction in which the single cell 110 and the side plate 124 overlap, and repeat the above operation multiple times until the single cell 110 and the side plate 124 separate, and set the average value of the multiple first test forces as f1. 2) Using length measuring tools such as calipers and straight rulers, measure the cross-sectional area of ​​the single cell 110 and the side plate 124, calculate the area, repeat the process multiple times, take the average value and label it S1. 3) Tensile strength = f1 / S1.

[0059] Shear strength can be measured by referring to the following method: 1) Using a tensile force measuring instrument such as a tensile force meter, a second test force is applied along the direction in which the single cell 110 and the side plate 124 overlap, and the above operation is repeated multiple times until the single cell 110 and the side plate 124 separate, and the average value of the multiple second test forces is taken as f2. 2) Using length measuring tools such as calipers and rulers, measure the cross-sectional area of ​​the single cell 110 and the side plate 124, calculate the area, repeat the measurement multiple times, take the average value and label it S2. 3) Tensile strength = f² / S².

[0060] Furthermore, in some embodiments, both ends of the side plate 124 may be welded to the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123, respectively, where the first weld strength between the first end plate 122 and the side plate 124 is F1 MPa, the second weld strength between the second end plate 123 and the side plate 124 is F2 MPa, satisfying F1 / M1 ≥ 0.2 and F2 / M1 ≥ 0.2, where the biasing force generated by the first end plate 122 on the multiple single cells 110 is F3 kN, the biasing force generated by the second end plate 123 on the multiple single cells 110 is F4 kN, satisfying 0.01 ≤ F3 / M1 ≤ 0.3 and 0.01 ≤ F4 / M1 ≤ 0.3.

[0061] Here, the weld strength can be measured by referring to the following method: 1) Using a tensile force measuring instrument such as a tensile force meter, apply a third test force in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the end plate and side plate overlap, and repeat the above operation multiple times until the end plate and side plate separate, and set the average value of the multiple third test forces as f3. 2) Using length measuring tools such as calipers and straight rulers, measure the cross-sectional area of ​​the end plate and side plate, calculate the area, repeat the process multiple times, take the average value, and mark it as S3. 3) Weld strength = f3 / S3.

[0062] Both ends of the side plate 124 are welded to the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123, respectively. As a result, the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123 are constrained by the side plate 124 in a first direction by welding. Consequently, the first end plate 122 has a force directed toward the second end plate 123, and the second end plate 123 has a force directed toward the first end plate 122. When the single cell 110 is in contact with the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123, the first end plate 122 applies a biasing force F3 toward the single cell 110 toward the second end plate 123, and the second end plate 123 applies a biasing force F4 toward the single cell 110 toward the first end plate 122. The biasing forces F3 and F4 satisfy 0.01 ≤ F3 / M1 ≤ 0.3 and 0.01 ≤ F4 / M1 ≤ 0.3, and when the single cell 110 is placed in the housing cavity 125, the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123 can bias the single cell 110, generating a biasing force similar to clamping, and positioning the single cell 110 between the first side plate 124 and the second side plate 124. Since the protective case 120 is not provided with a structure that allows the single cell 110 to be placed in the opposite direction of the third direction, the problem of the single cell 110 easily detaching from the housing cavity 125 can be avoided.

[0063] Here, the first weld strength between the first end plate 122 and the side plate 124 is F1 MPa, and the second weld strength between the second end plate 123 and the side plate 124 is F2 MPa. Since F1 / M1 ≥ 0.2 and F2 / M1 ≥ 0.2, the side plate 124 and the first and second end plates 122 and 123 can support the weight of the single cell 110 and the single cell 110, thus avoiding the problem of the welds between the side plate 124, the first end plate 122 and 123 being broken when the single cell 110 is placed inside the housing cavity 125.

[0064] Furthermore, if the welding strength and biasing force satisfy the above relationship, the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123 can support the single cell 110, and the problem of the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123 applying excessive force to the single cell 110, causing the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123 to press against and damage the single cell 110, can be avoided. In other words, the battery module 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application can achieve both mounting reliability of the single cell 110 and avoid the requirement of damaging the single cell 110.

[0065] Furthermore, when welding the first end plate 122 to the side plate 124 and the second end plate 123 to the side plate 124, the biasing force is applied to the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123 via a jig. After welding is completed, the force applied to the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123 from the jig is retained, and when the single cell 110 is subsequently attached, the biasing force can be applied to the single cell 110 again.

[0066] Furthermore, in some embodiments, a cushion pad 113 may be provided between two single cells 110 that are at least partially adjacent to each other, as shown in Figure 2.

[0067] A cushion pad 113 is provided between two adjacent cell units 110. The cushion pad 113 can absorb shocks between the cell units 110, preventing them from colliding with each other and causing damage during vehicle operation due to vehicle vibrations. Furthermore, the installation of the cushion pad 113 provides a certain amount of expandable space for the cell units 110, preventing them from expanding and pressing against each other and damaging them as the battery module 100 charges and discharges.

[0068] The number of single cells 110 is multiple, and the cushion pad 113 may be placed between some of the adjacent single cells 110, or between all of the adjacent single cells 110. The specific installation location of the cushion pad 113 is not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0069] Furthermore, in some embodiments, as shown in Figure 6, the side plate 124 may include a first folding structure 1241 positioned on the side closer to the main body 1240 and the top cover 121, and the first folding structure 1214 extends from the main body 1240 toward the top cover 121 and is engaged with the top cover 121.

[0070] The side panel 124 includes a first folding structure 1241 positioned on the side adjacent to the main body 1240 and the top cover 121. The first folding structure 1241 extends from the main body 1240 toward the top cover 121; that is, the first folding structure 1241 is located on the side of the side panel 124 adjacent to the top cover 121, and the first folding structure 1241 is engaged with the top cover 121, thereby facilitating the connection between the top cover 121 and the side panel 124.

[0071] Specifically, a fastener 1213 may be provided on the side edge of the top cover 121 adjacent to the side plate 124, and the fastener 1213 may engage with the first folding structure 1241, thereby engaging the side plate 124 with the top cover 121.

[0072] In addition, in some embodiments, an insulating film 1242 may be provided on at least one of the main body 1240 and the first folding structure 1241, and the insulating film 1242 is bonded to the single cell 110.

[0073] An insulating film 1242 is further provided on at least one of the main body 1240 and the first folded structure 1241, and the insulating film 1242 may be bonded and connected to the single cell 110, and the insulating film 1242 extends along the first direction and coincides with the distribution direction of the single cell 110, and any of the multiple single cells 110 may be connected to the insulating film 1242, so that a circuit is formed between the multiple single cells 110 and a short circuit phenomenon can be avoided, thereby the battery module 100 is safe, and the safety of the battery module 100 can be guaranteed even if leakage current occurs in any of the multiple single cells 110.

[0074] Furthermore, the insulating film 1242 may be provided on the main body 1240, or the insulating film 1242 may be further provided on the first folding structure 1241, or the insulating film 1242 may be further provided on both the main body 1240 and the first folding structure 1241. When the insulating film 1242 is provided on the main body 1240, the main body and the first folding structure 1241, the contact area between the insulating film 1242 and the single cell 110 is large, and the safety of the battery module 100 is relatively high.

[0075] If the insulating film 1242 includes a portion provided on the first folded structure 1241, the insulating film 1242 may also have a second folded structure 12421 corresponding to the first folded structure 1241, the second folded structure 12421 being located between the first folded structure 1241 and the single cell 110.

[0076] In some embodiments, the battery module may further include an insulating spacer, which is provided between a single cell adjacent to the first end plate and the first end plate.

[0077] In some embodiments, the battery module may further include an insulating spacer, which is provided between a single cell adjacent to the second end plate and the second end plate.

[0078] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the battery module may further include insulating spacers, with an insulating spacer provided between a single cell adjacent to the first end plate and the first end plate, and also between a single cell adjacent to the second end plate and the second end plate.

[0079] In other words, an insulating spacer 150 may be provided between the single cell 110 adjacent to the first end plate 122 and the first end plate 122, or between the single cell 110 adjacent to the second end plate 123 and the second end plate 123, or the insulating spacer 150 may be provided simultaneously at locations adjacent to both the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123.

[0080] An insulating spacer 150 is provided between the single cell 110 adjacent to the first end plate 122 and the first end plate 122, and an insulating spacer 150 is provided between the single cell 110 adjacent to the second end plate 123 and the second end plate 123, thereby insulating the single cell 110 from the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123, and preventing a decrease in the insulating performance of the battery module 100 when the single cell 110 comes into direct contact with the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123. In other words, the installation of the insulating spacer 150 effectively insulates the single cell 110 from the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123, and reduces the probability of the insulation between the single cell 110 from the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123 failing.

[0081] Furthermore, in some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the protective case 120 may further include a third end plate 130, which is provided between the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123, with a gap between both the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123, and the third end plate 130 can be connected to the side plate 124 via pins, screws, etc., and the third end plate 130 can play a positioning role, with some of the multiple single cells 110 located between the third end plate 130 and the first end plate 122, and the other part located between the third end plate 130 and the second end plate 123, and the single cells 110 located on both sides of the third end plate 130 may be in contact with the third end plate 130, and the third end plate 130 is provided between the multiple single cells 110, and the third end plate 130 can further perform a cushioning effect, which can prevent two parts of the single cells 110 from pressing against each other, and reduce the number of single cells 110 that are pressed against each other. Furthermore, by providing the third end plate 130, the strength of the protective case 120 can be improved.

[0082] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1, if the protective case 120 further includes a third end plate 130, the top cover 121 may be divided into a first top cover 1211 located between the third end plate 130 and the first end plate 122, and a second top cover 1212 located between the third end plate 130 and the second end plate 123, depending on the installation position of the third end plate 130. As shown in Figure 6, the insulating film 1242 may be provided based on the position of the third end plate 130, thereby including, in addition to the second folded structure 12421, a first portion 12422 located between the third end plate 130 and the first end plate 122, a second portion 12424 located between the third end plate 130 and the second end plate 123, and a connecting portion 12423, the connecting portion 12423 can connect the first portion 12422 and the second portion 12424.

[0083] In the embodiments of the present invention, the battery module 100 includes a plurality of single cells 110 and a protective case 120, wherein the protective case 120 includes a first end plate 122 distributed along a first direction, a second end plate 123, two side plates 124 distributed at intervals along a second direction, and a top cover 121, the top cover 121 being connected to the same side along a third direction of the first end plate 122, the second end plate 123 and the two side plates 124, thereby the top cover 121 and the first end plate The first end plate 122, the second end plate 123, and the two side plates 124 can define a housing cavity 125, and multiple single cells 110 can be arranged in the housing cavity 125 along a first direction and connected to the side plates 124, and the single cells 110 located at both ends of the multiple single cells 110 can be brought into contact with the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123, respectively, so that the multiple single cells 110 are located inside the protective case 120, thereby forming a battery module 100. The total weight of the multiple individual cells 110 is M1 kg, and the weight of the protective case 120 is M2 kg, where 0.05 ≤ M2 / M1 ≤ 0.25. Thus, the protective case 120 can protect the individual cells 110, reduce the weight of the protective case 120, and further reduce the weight of the battery module 100, thereby reducing the impact of the battery module 100 on the weight of the new energy vehicle and avoiding the problem of the new energy vehicle being heavy due to the installation of the battery module 100.

[0084] Furthermore, embodiments of the present application further provide a battery pack, as shown in Figure 5, which includes a package case 300 and a battery module 100 as in any of the embodiments described above, the battery module 100 of which may be located inside the package case 300.

[0085] The battery pack includes a package case 300 and a battery module 100. The battery module 100 is placed inside the package case 300, and by attaching the battery pack to the vehicle, a connection is made between the battery module 100 and the vehicle. In the battery module 100, 0.05 ≤ M2 / M1 ≤ 0.25, which results in a small weight for the battery module 100, and therefore a small weight for the vehicle equipped with the battery pack, giving the vehicle good range and low operating costs.

[0086] In addition, in some embodiments, as shown in Figure 5, the battery pack may include a liquid cooling plate 200, which is located on the side of the single cell 110 furthest from the top cover 121, and the liquid cooling plate 200 and the single cell 110 are bonded together via a thermal conductive adhesive 201.

[0087] The battery pack includes a liquid cooling plate 200, which is provided on the side of the single cell 110 furthest from the top cover 121, and the single cell 110 is bonded via a thermal conductive adhesive 201. The liquid cooling plate 200 can cool the single cell 110, avoiding the relatively large operating heat generated by the single cell 110 which would degrade battery performance and thus avoid security risks. (Examples 1-12)

[0088] The battery pack is provided, comprising a package case and a plurality of battery modules 100, where one battery module 100 comprises a protective case 120 and 34 single cells 110, the protective case 120 comprises a top cover 121, a first end plate 122, a second end plate 123 and two side plates 124, the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123 are spaced apart along a first direction, and the two side plates 124 are spaced apart along a second direction and The top cover 121 is connected between the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123, and is connected to the same side of the first end plate 122, the second end plate 123 and the two side plates 124 along the third direction, and jointly defines the housing cavity 125, and 34 single cells 110 are arranged in the housing cavity 125 along the first direction, and the single cells 110 are connected to the side plates 124, with the single cells 110 at both ends in contact with the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123, respectively.

[0089] Here, collision simulation tests were performed on the battery packs of each embodiment using GB38031-2020, and the obtained data is shown in Table 1 below.

[0090] [Table 1]

[0091] As can be seen from the data above, in the range of 0.05 ≤ M2 / M1 ≤ 0.25, the smaller the M2 / M1 value, the higher the gravimetric energy density of the battery pack. In the range of 0.2 ≤ M3 / M4 ≤ 5, the smaller the M3 / M4 value, the higher the gravimetric energy density of the battery pack. In this case, all battery packs can meet the safety requirements. Comparative Examples 1-7

[0092] The battery pack includes a package case 300 and a plurality of battery modules 100, where one battery module 100 includes a protective case 120 and 34 single cells 110, the protective case 120 includes a top cover 121, a first end plate 122, a second end plate 123 and two side plates 124, the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123 are spaced apart along a first direction and the two side plates 124 are spaced apart along a second direction. Furthermore, the top cover 121 is connected between the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123, and is connected to the same side of the first end plate 122, the second end plate 123 and the two side plates 124 along the third direction, and jointly defines the housing cavity 125, and 34 single cells 110 are arranged in the housing cavity 125 along the first direction, and the single cells 110 are connected to the side plates 124, with the single cells 110 at both ends in contact with the first end plate 122 and the second end plate 123, respectively. Here, collision simulation tests were performed on each comparative example's battery pack using GB38031-2020, and the obtained data is shown in Table 2 below.

[0093] [Table 2]

[0094] As can be seen from the data above, when the M2 / M1 value is less than 0.05, the battery pack energy density is relatively high, but in this case the battery pack cannot meet safety requirements. When the M2 / M1 value is greater than 0.25, the battery pack can meet safety requirements, but in this case the energy density is inferior to that of the example.

[0095] The various embodiments described herein are described sequentially, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments, and identical or similar parts among the various embodiments may be referenced to one another.

[0096] While preferred embodiments of the embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art can make further changes and modifications to these embodiments once they understand the basic creative concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as encompassing the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0097] Finally, it should be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as "1" and "2," etc., are used solely to distinguish one entity from another and do not necessarily require or suggest the existence of any actual relationship or order between these entities. Furthermore, the terms "include," "contain," or any other variation thereof are intended to include non-exclusive inclusion, so that an article or terminal device containing a set of elements not only includes those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements specific to such article or terminal device. Unless further restrictions are imposed, an element limited by the phrase "includes one..." does not preclude the presence of other identical elements in an article or terminal device containing that element.

[0098] The terms "one embodiment," "example," and "one or more embodiments" as used herein mean that a particular feature, structure, or property described with reference to an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. It should also be noted that the phrase "in one embodiment" here does not necessarily refer to all identical embodiments.

[0099] The specification provided herein describes many specific details. However, for the purposes of understanding, the embodiments of this application can be carried out without these specific details. In some examples, known methods, structures and techniques are not described in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0100] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are not limiting to the present application, but are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions described in each of the above embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features can be replaced with equivalent ones. Such modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of each embodiment of the present application.

[0101] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Intellectual Property Administration on May 11, 2023, with application number 202321135535.0 and application title "Battery Modules and Battery Packs," all of which are incorporated into this application by reference. [Explanation of symbols]

[0102] 100...Battery module, 110...Single cell, 120...Protective case, 121...Top cover, 1211...First top cover, 1212...Second top cover, 1213...Fastener, 122...First end plate, 123...Second end plate, 124...Side plate, 1241...First folding structure, 1242...Insulating film, 12421...Second folding structure, 12422...First part, 12424...Second part, 12423...Connecting part, 125...Housing cavity, 130...Third end plate, 140...Electrical assembly, 150...Insulating spacer, 200...Liquid cooling plate, 111...First end face, 112...Second end face, 1243,Adhesive layer, 113...Cushion pad, 1240,Main body, 300...Package case, 201...Thermal conductive adhesive.

Claims

1. A battery module having two intersecting first, second, and third directions, the battery module comprising a plurality of single cells and a protective case, the protective case comprising a top cover, a first end plate, a second end plate and a plurality of side plates, the first and second end plates being spaced apart along the first direction, the plurality of side plates being spaced apart along the second direction and connected between the first and second end plates, the top cover being connected to the same side of the first end plate, the second end plate and the plurality of side plates along the third direction and jointly defining a housing cavity, Multiple of the single cells are arranged in the housing cavity along the first direction, and the single cells are connected to the side plate, with the single cells at both ends in contact with the first end plate and the second end plate, respectively. The total weight of the aforementioned multiple single cells is M １ The weight is in kg, and the weight of the protective case is M ２ It is in kg, and 0.05 ≤ M ２ / M １ A battery module that satisfies ≤0.

25.

2. Said M １ 5 ≤ M １ A battery module according to claim 1, satisfying ≤ 30.

3. Said M ２ 0.25 ≤ M ２ A battery module according to claim 1, satisfying ≤ 7.

5.

4. The above M １ satisfies 5 ≤ M １ ≤ 30, and the above M ２ satisfies 0.25 ≤ M ２ ≤ 7.

5. The battery module according to claim 1

5. The plurality of single cells each have a first end face and a second end face that are arranged opposite to each other along the first direction, and the distance between the first end face and the second end face is D １ The minimum distance between the first end plate and the second end plate along the first direction is D. ２ mm, and 1 ≤ D １ / D ２ A battery module according to claim 1, satisfying ≤ 1.

1.

6. An adhesive layer is provided between the single cell and the side plate, and the adhesive strength of the adhesive layer is the tensile strength W. １ MPa and shear strength W ２ Including MPa, W １ / M １ ≥ 0.1, W ２ / M １ A battery module according to claim 1, satisfying ≥ 0.

1.

7. An adhesive layer is provided between the single cell and the side plate, and the weight of the adhesive layer is M ３ g, and the weight of the single cell is M ４ It is in kg, and 0.2 ≤ M ３ / M ４ The battery module according to claim 1, satisfying the relationship ≤ 5.

8. Both ends of the side plate are welded and fixed to the first end plate and the second end plate, respectively. The first welding strength between the first end plate and the side plate is F １ The second welding strength between the second end plate and the side plate is F ２ It is Mpa, F １ / M １ ≥ 0.2 and F ２ / M １ A battery module according to claim 1, satisfying ≥ 0.

2.

9. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein a cushioning pad is provided between at least two partially adjacent single cells.

10. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the side plate includes a main body and a first folding structure disposed on the side adjacent to the top cover, the first folding structure extending from the main body in a direction adjacent to the top cover and engaging with the top cover.

11. The battery module according to claim 10, wherein an insulating film is provided on at least one of the main body and the first folding structure, and the insulating film is bonded to the single cell.

12. The battery module according to claim 11, wherein the insulating film has a second folded structure corresponding to the first folded structure, and the second folded structure is located between the first folded structure and the single cell.

13. The battery module according to claim 1, further comprising an insulating spacer, wherein the insulating spacer is provided between the single cell adjacent to the first end plate and the first end plate.

14. The battery module according to claim 1, further comprising an insulating spacer, wherein the insulating spacer is provided between the single cell adjacent to the second end plate and the second end plate.

15. The battery module according to claim 1, further comprising an insulating spacer, wherein the insulating spacer is provided between the single cell adjacent to the first end plate and the first end plate, and the insulating spacer is provided between the single cell adjacent to the second end plate and the second end plate.

16. A battery pack comprising a package case and a battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the battery module is located inside the package case.

17. The battery pack according to claim 16, wherein the battery pack includes a liquid cooling plate, the liquid cooling plate is provided on the side of the single cell furthest from the top cover, and the liquid cooling plate and the single cell are bonded together via a thermal conductive adhesive.

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