Cargo loading and unloading system

Abstract

The cargo loading and unloading system comprises a rack (1) and a plurality of cargo loading and unloading devices (2), the rack (1) having a storage unit, the storage unit including a plurality of rows of storage spaces (12) arranged vertically, each row of storage space (12) including a plurality of storage slots (121) arranged side by side, at least two cargo loading and unloading devices (2) are arranged in the storage unit, the cargo loading and unloading devices (2) are main cargo loading and unloading devices (2a) corresponding to main loading and unloading areas, all main loading and unloading areas are arranged sequentially from top to bottom and jointly cover all storage spaces (12) of the storage unit, two adjacent main loading and unloading areas jointly cover at least one row of storage space (12) to form a first shared loading and unloading area (122), and the main cargo loading and unloading devices (2a) can travel along the surface of one rack (1) to load and unload cargo (5) to one storage slot (121) in the corresponding main loading and unloading area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] (Reference to Related Applications) This application claims priority based on Chinese Patent Application No. 202410525972.6 filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on April 28, 2024, and all the contents of that application are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] (Technical Field) This application relates to the field of logistics technology, for example, to a cargo handling system.

Background Art

[0003] With the rapid development of the e-commerce economy, the application of smart cargo handling systems that achieve automated warehousing operations is becoming increasingly widespread, which can improve logistics efficiency, reduce logistics costs, and enhance the reliability of logistics.

[0004] As a warehousing logistics system for handling incoming and outgoing goods, there are usually "Container-to-Person System" and "Shuttle Car Stacker System", etc. Here, the Container-to-Person System uses self-driving transport robots to handle the containers in the rack, and by raising and lowering the fork mechanism of the transport robot on its own standing frame, the handling of containers on any layer of the rack can be realized. The Shuttle Car Stacker System includes a multi-layer vertical rack, a shuttle car, and a lifting and interlayer transfer mechanism. Rails for the shuttle car to run are provided on each layer of the vertical rack. The shuttle car moves on the rails to handle the goods on the rack of that layer, and at the same time, realizes transfer between the rails of different layers by the lifting and interlayer transfer mechanism.

[0005] When the above technologies are put into practical use, the following problems exist. While container-to-person systems offer relatively good transport efficiency, when racks are tall, the transport robot's upright frame also needs to be of a similar height, which reduces the operational stability of the fork mechanism on the upright frame, making it difficult to accommodate high-rise racks. Shuttle car stacker systems can meet the cargo loading and unloading needs of high-rise racks, but they require the installation of lifting and inter-story movement mechanisms, as well as rails on each rack, resulting in a large overall space requirement, high costs, and stricter facility height requirements. [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0006] This application provides a cargo loading and unloading system that improves warehouse logistics efficiency and enhances the reliability and stability of loading and unloading cargo on racks. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] Equipped with racks and multiple cargo loading / unloading devices, The rack has a storage unit, the storage unit includes a plurality of rows of storage spaces arranged vertically, and each row of the storage space includes a plurality of storage slots arranged in a first direction. The plurality of cargo loading and unloading devices are arranged such that at least two cargo loading and unloading devices are provided in the storage unit, each cargo loading and unloading device is a main cargo loading and unloading device corresponding to a main loading and unloading area, and at least two main loading and unloading areas corresponding to each of the at least two cargo loading and unloading devices are provided sequentially from top to bottom, jointly covering all the storage space of the storage unit, and two adjacent main loading and unloading areas jointly cover at least one row of storage space, forming a first shared loading and unloading area, and the main cargo loading and unloading devices can travel along the surface of the rack to load and unload cargo to and from one storage slot in the main loading and unloading area corresponding to the main cargo loading and unloading device.

[0008] As a technical solution for the cargo loading and unloading system, Multiple lateral rails extending in the first direction are provided on the surface of the rack. Each cargo loading / unloading device includes a traveling mechanism and a loading / unloading mechanism, wherein the traveling mechanism can travel along the lateral rail in the first direction, and the loading / unloading mechanism is attached to the traveling mechanism so as to be able to move up and down in the vertical direction.

[0009] As a technical solution for the cargo loading and unloading system, At least one storage unit comprises two adjacent main cargo loading / unloading devices that travel on opposite sides of the same rack and have the first shared loading / unloading area, wherein the main loading / unloading area of ​​the main cargo loading / unloading devices is capable of covering all storage units of the same rack in the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. Alternatively, at least two racks are provided side by side in the second direction with spacing between them, a house aile is formed between two adjacent racks, and a plurality of cargo loading / unloading devices within the house aile are capable of loading and unloading cargo to and from storage units on both sides of the house aile, and at least one storage unit comprises two adjacent main cargo loading / unloading devices that travel along the two adjacent racks and have the first shared loading / unloading area, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0010] As a technical solution for the cargo loading and unloading system, In two main cargo loading / unloading devices that correspond to the same storage unit and are located adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, the upper end of the lower traveling mechanism is higher than the lower end of the upper traveling mechanism.

[0011] As a technical solution for the cargo loading and unloading system, In two main cargo loading / unloading devices corresponding to the same storage unit and located adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, the two upper and lower traveling mechanisms are spaced apart in the vertical direction. The upper loading / unloading mechanism can move to extend below the lower end of the travel mechanism to load and unload cargo into and out of the storage slots in the first shared loading / unloading area, and / or the lower loading / unloading mechanism can move to extend above the upper end of the travel mechanism to load and unload cargo into and out of the storage slots in the first shared loading / unloading area.

[0012] As a technical solution for the cargo loading and unloading system, At least one storage unit comprises two main cargo loading / unloading devices that travel on the same surface of the same rack and are provided adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, and at least one of the two main cargo loading / unloading devices is switchable between a first operating state and a second operating state. Depending on whether the main cargo loading / unloading device is in the first operating state, the main cargo loading / unloading device is provided with a vertical gap between it and an adjacent main cargo loading / unloading device on the same side, and depending on whether the main cargo loading / unloading device is in the second operating state, the main cargo loading / unloading device is provided so as to partially overlap it with an adjacent main cargo loading / unloading device on the same side in the vertical direction.

[0013] As a technical solution for the cargo loading and unloading system, The running mechanism includes two standing rails provided parallel and spaced apart in the first direction, and a running wheel mechanism that drives the standing rails to run along the lateral rail, and the retraction mechanism is mounted between the two standing rails so as to be able to move up and down along the standing rails. The standing rail is extendable at least at one end toward the adjacent main cargo loading / unloading device on the same side, so that the main cargo loading / unloading device switches between the first operating state and the second operating state.

[0014] As a technical solution for the cargo loading and unloading system, Depending on whether the main cargo loading / unloading device is in the second operating state, the standing rails of the two adjacent main cargo loading / unloading devices partially overlap in the vertical direction. And / or, both ends of each standing rail are extendable.

[0015] As a technical solution for the cargo loading and unloading system, The standing rail includes a vertically extending rail body, with an adjustable rail slidably connected to at least one end of the rail body adjacent to a main cargo loading / unloading device on the same side, and the standing rail further includes an adjustable drive component, which drives the adjustable rail to move up and down relative to the rail body so as to switch the standing rail between an initial state and an extended state, the main cargo loading / unloading device being in the first operating state when the standing rail is in the initial state, and the main cargo loading / unloading device being in the second operating state when the standing rail is in the extended state.

[0016] As a technical solution for the cargo loading and unloading system, At least two of the racks are arranged side by side in the second direction with a gap between them, a house aile is formed between two adjacent racks, and multiple cargo loading / unloading devices within the house aile are capable of loading and unloading cargo to and from storage spaces on both sides of the house aile, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0017] As a technical solution for the cargo loading and unloading system, One cargo loading / unloading device corresponding to at least one storage unit is an auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device, the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device corresponds to an auxiliary loading / unloading area, and the auxiliary loading / unloading area covers at least the bottom row of storage space.

[0018] As a technical solution for the cargo loading and unloading system, The loading and unloading area of each cargo handling device covers all the storage units of the same rack in the second direction, and the lowermost main cargo handling devices of the same storage units corresponding to the auxiliary cargo handling device are respectively located on opposite sides of the rack. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. Alternatively, at least two racks are provided side by side and spaced apart in the second direction, a house aisle is formed between two adjacent racks, and a plurality of cargo handling devices in the house aisle can perform loading and unloading of goods with respect to a plurality of storage spaces on both sides of the house aisle. The lowermost main cargo handling devices of the same storage units corresponding to the auxiliary cargo handling device are respectively attached to the two racks, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0019] As a technical solution of the cargo handling system, The main cargo handling device located at the lowermost position corresponding to the same storage unit, the upper main cargo handling device adjacent thereto, and the auxiliary cargo handling device are attached to the same side of the same rack and are provided at intervals in the vertical direction.

[0020] As a technical solution of the cargo handling system, The main loading and unloading area of the main cargo handling device on the same side and adjacent to the auxiliary cargo handling device is provided separately from the auxiliary loading and unloading area of the auxiliary cargo handling device in the vertical direction.

[0021] As a technical solution of the cargo handling system, Corresponding to the same storage unit, among two main loading and unloading areas adjacent in the vertical direction, the average frequency of loading and unloading of goods in the lower main loading and unloading area is higher than the average frequency of loading and unloading of goods in the upper main loading and unloading area. And / or, corresponding to the same storage unit, when the number of rows of the storage space covered by the uppermost main loading and unloading area is set as n1, and the number of rows of the storage space covered by the lowermost main loading and unloading area is set as n2, then n2 > n1.

[0022] As a technical solution for the cargo loading and unloading system, Of all the storage slots in the first shared loading / unloading area, some are transfer storage slots, and the other storage slots are normal storage slots. The transfer storage slots are installed to hold cargo that is being relayed from one main cargo loading / unloading device to another, and the normal storage slots are target storage slots for cargo awaiting warehousing.

[0023] As a technical solution for the cargo loading and unloading system, A temporary storage component is provided at the bottom of the rack, the temporary storage component has a temporary storage slot for placing the cargo, the temporary storage component has a side opening, the side opening is for the cargo to enter and exit the temporary storage slot, the temporary storage slot is located below the lowest row of the storage space, and the cargo loading / unloading device at the lowest side can load and unload cargo into the temporary storage slot through the side opening. The cargo loading and unloading system further comprises a transport vehicle, which is capable of removing cargo from the temporary storage slot through the side opening, or leaving cargo in the temporary storage slot.

[0024] As a technical solution for the cargo loading and unloading system, A low-level passage is formed between the bottom of the temporary storage component and the ground of the cargo loading / unloading system, the bottom of the temporary storage component has a bottom opening that communicates with the low-level passage, and the bottom opening communicates with the side opening. The transport vehicle is a top-lift type transport vehicle, and the transport vehicle is capable of moving into the lower aisle, and the load rack of the transport vehicle is capable of moving in and out of the temporary storage slot vertically through the bottom opening, and the load rack is capable of moving in and out of the temporary storage slot horizontally through the side opening while holding the cargo.

[0025] As a technical solution for the cargo loading and unloading system, A passage is formed between the bottom of the lowest cargo loading / unloading device and the ground, allowing the transport vehicle to travel.

[0026] As a technical solution for the cargo loading and unloading system, The temporary placement component has side openings on both opposing sides in the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. and / or, the temporary storage component comprises two temporary storage stands spaced apart and facing each other in the first direction, the upper end of each temporary storage stand being connected to the rack and the lower end being configured to support the cargo. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0027] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a side view of a cargo loading and unloading system according to Embodiment 1 of this application. [Figure 2] Figure 2 is a front view of a cargo loading and unloading system according to Embodiment 1 of this application. [Figure 3] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the racks on both sides of the same house aile in the unfolded state according to Embodiment 1 of this application. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a horizontal rail and cargo loading / unloading device according to Embodiment 1 of this application. [Figure 5] Figure 5 is a side view of the cargo loading and unloading system according to Embodiment 2 of this application. [Figure 6] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement and structure of a cargo loading and unloading device according to Embodiment 3 of this application. [Figure 7] Figure 7 is a side view of the cargo loading and unloading system according to Embodiment 5 of this application. [Figure 8] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the initial structure of the retraction / extension mechanism according to Embodiment 6 of this application. [Figure 9] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the extended state of the retraction mechanism according to Embodiment 7 of this application. [Figure 10]Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single-depth rack and temporary storage component according to Embodiment 8 of this application. [Figure 11] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a temporary component according to Embodiment 8 of this application. [Figure 12] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a double-depth rack and temporary storage component according to Embodiment 8 of this application. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0028] In the description of this application, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as “connection,” “linking,” and “fixing” should be interpreted broadly, and may include, for example, fixed connections, detachable connections, integrally molded connections, mechanical connections, electrical connections, direct connections, indirect connections via an intermediate medium, internal communication between two elements, or interaction relationships between two elements. A person of ordinary skill in the art will be able to understand the meaning of the above terms in this application, depending on the context.

[0029] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the phrase "above" or "below" the second feature of the first feature includes cases where the first and second features are in direct contact, as well as cases where they are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature. Furthermore, the phrase "above," "above," or "on the top surface" of the second feature includes cases where the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, as well as cases where the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The phrase "below," "below," or "on the bottom surface" of the second feature includes cases where the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, as well as cases where the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature.

[0030] In the description of this embodiment, the directions or positional relationships expressed using terms such as "up," "down," and "right" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings and are used solely to facilitate explanation and simplify operation. They do not suggest or imply that there is a specific direction, or that the device is configured or operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be interpreted as a limitation on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive distinction and do not have any special meaning.

[0031] (Example 1) As shown in Figures 1 to 4, this application provides a cargo loading and unloading system in which a cargo loading / unloading device 2 travels along the surface of a rack 1 to load and unload cargo 5 onto the rack 1, thereby performing cargo loading and unloading operations. Here, cargo 5 refers to a transportable or conveyable integrated unit, and includes boxes containing goods, empty boxes, or individually packaged goods stored separately.

[0032] The cargo loading and unloading system includes a rack 1 and a plurality of cargo loading and unloading devices 2. The rack 1 has storage units, each storage unit having multiple rows of storage spaces 12 along the vertical direction, and each row of storage space 12 includes multiple storage slots 121 arranged in a first direction. Each storage unit is provided with at least two cargo loading and unloading devices 2, each cargo loading and unloading device 2 being a main cargo loading and unloading device 2a corresponding to a main loading and unloading area, and all main loading and unloading areas corresponding to the storage units are provided sequentially from top to bottom, jointly covering all storage spaces 12, and two adjacent main loading and unloading areas jointly cover at least one row of storage spaces 12 to form a first shared loading and unloading area 122. The main cargo loading and unloading devices 2a can travel along the surface of the rack 1 to load and unload cargo 5 to any storage slot 121 within the main loading and unloading area to which the main cargo loading and unloading device 2a corresponds.

[0033] In the cargo loading and unloading system according to this embodiment, the main cargo loading and unloading device 2a travels along the surface of the rack 1, allowing the main cargo loading and unloading device 2a to load and unload cargo 5 into any storage slot 121 within the storage space covered by the corresponding main loading and unloading area. Furthermore, since all main loading and unloading areas of all main cargo loading and unloading devices 2a jointly cover all storage spaces 12, moving the main cargo loading and unloading device 2a along the surface of the rack 1 enables the operation of loading (unloading) or replacing (receiving) cargo to any storage slot 121, satisfying the needs for loading and unloading cargo 5, while also reducing the space occupied by the main cargo loading and unloading device 2a and lowering costs.

[0034] At the same time, multiple main loading / unloading areas are sequentially provided from top to bottom to jointly cover all storage spaces 12, allowing the vertical height of each individual main loading / unloading area to be reduced. This also reduces the vertical height of the corresponding main cargo loading / unloading device 2a, avoiding the reduction in structural stability, loading / unloading control accuracy, and loading / unloading efficiency that can result from individual main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a being too tall. As a result, the operational stability and reliability of the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a can be improved, and the loading / unloading control accuracy can be enhanced.

[0035] Since some of the cargo loading / unloading devices 2 are located at the bottom of the rack 1, the overall center of gravity of the rack 1 and cargo loading / unloading devices 2 can be lowered when retrieving cargo from the upper storage space 12, preventing the rack 1 from tipping over. At the same time, the height restriction on the rack 1 imposed by the cargo loading / unloading devices 2 is also relaxed, making it possible to increase the height of the rack 1, thereby improving the storage capacity of the cargo loading / unloading system and increasing the efficiency of warehouse logistics.

[0036] Furthermore, during cargo loading and unloading, multiple cargo loading / unloading devices 2 corresponding to the same storage unit operate simultaneously, allowing for the simultaneous completion of loading and unloading operations for multiple cargo items 5. This improves the efficiency of cargo loading and unloading, thereby increasing logistics efficiency.

[0037] In this embodiment, at least two racks 1 are provided side by side in the second direction with spacing between them, a house aile 10 is formed between two adjacent racks 1, and the cargo loading / unloading device 2, which is located on one rack 1 and facing the other rack 1, is located within the house aile 10, thereby increasing the cargo 5 storage capacity of the cargo loading / unloading system. The first direction, the second direction, and the vertical direction are orthogonal to each other. In other embodiments, only one rack 1 may be installed in the cargo loading / unloading system.

[0038] Rack 1 has at least two stacking shelves 11 spaced vertically apart, with a row of storage space 12 formed between two adjacent stacking shelves 11. Transverse beams are provided on both sides of each stacking shelf 11 along a second direction. To facilitate the movement of the cargo loading / unloading device 2 along the surface of rack 1, a track component is provided on at least one side of rack 1, which includes at least two transverse rails 4 spaced vertically apart. The track component is provided in one-to-one correspondence with the cargo loading / unloading device 2. The transverse rails 4 are attached to the transverse beams of the stacking shelves 11 and cover all storage slots 121 along a first direction. The structure of rack 1 can be installed by referring to related technologies and will not be repeated here.

[0039] The cargo loading / unloading device 2 includes a traveling mechanism 21 and a loading / unloading mechanism 22. The traveling mechanism 21 can travel along a lateral rail 4 so that the loading / unloading mechanism 22 can load and unload cargo 5 to any row of storage slots 121 within the main loading / unloading area. The loading / unloading mechanism 22 moves vertically up and down along the traveling mechanism 21, enabling the loading and unloading of cargo 5 to any row of storage spaces 12 within the main loading / unloading area. In other words, by combining the movement of the traveling mechanism 21 along the lateral rail 4 and the vertical movement of the loading / unloading mechanism 22 along the traveling mechanism 21, it is possible to load and unload cargo 5 to all storage slots 121 within the loading / unloading area.

[0040] Each loading / unloading mechanism 22 has a minimum and maximum limit position relative to the traveling mechanism 21. When the loading / unloading mechanism 22 is in the minimum limit position, the cargo loading / unloading device 2 has the lowest cargo retrieval position. When the loading / unloading mechanism 22 is in the maximum limit position, the cargo loading / unloading device 2 has the highest cargo retrieval position. The storage space 12 corresponding to the lowest cargo retrieval position of the cargo loading / unloading device 2, the storage space 12 corresponding to the highest cargo retrieval position, and the storage space 12 between the two constitute the loading / unloading area in which the cargo loading / unloading device 2 can load and unload cargo. The loading / unloading area corresponding to the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a is the main loading / unloading area.

[0041] For the same storage unit, of the two main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a provided vertically adjacent to each other, the highest cargo retrieval position of the lower main cargo loading / unloading device 2a is equal to or higher than the lowest cargo retrieval position of the upper main cargo loading / unloading device 2a, so that the two main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a have at least one row of first shared loading / unloading area 122.

[0042] The running mechanism 21 includes two standing rails 211 arranged relative to each other in a first direction, and a running wheel mechanism attached to the standing rails 211, the running wheel mechanism drives the standing rails 211 to run along the transverse rails 4, and the retractable mechanism 22 is mounted between the two standing rails 211 so as to be vertically movable. The running wheel mechanism includes running wheels 212 and a running drive component 213, the standing rails 211 are provided with a pair of running wheels 212, each pair of running wheels 212 includes a plurality of running wheels 212 arranged one-to-one with the transverse rails 4, at least one running wheel 212 is a drive wheel, and the running drive component drives the running wheels 212 to move along the transverse rails 4.

[0043] In this embodiment, each cargo loading / unloading device 2 is provided with two corresponding lateral rails 4, reducing the number of lateral rails 4 and thus lowering costs. For each cargo loading / unloading device 2, the two corresponding lateral rails 4 are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the corresponding loading / unloading area, ensuring that both the upper and lower ends of the running mechanism 21 are stably and reliably supported, thereby improving the operational stability of the cargo loading / unloading device 2. The distance between the two standing rails 211 is greater than the distance in the first direction of the storage slot 121, so that the cargo 5 carried by the loading / unloading mechanism 22 can pass between the two standing rails 211 to enter and exit the storage slot 121.

[0044] To reduce the cost of the cargo loading and unloading system, in this embodiment, the cargo loading and unloading device 2 located in the house aile 10 can load and unload cargo to and from storage units on racks 1 on both sides. This reduces the number of cargo loading and unloading devices 2 required, thereby reducing costs while meeting the needs for loading and unloading cargo to multiple racks 1. The installation of a loading and unloading mechanism 22 that satisfies cargo retrieval in both directions is relatively common in the art, and this application does not limit or repeat the description of the structure of the loading and unloading mechanism 22.

[0045] In other embodiments, the cargo loading / unloading device 2 on each rack 1 may be configured to load and unload cargo 5 only to the storage units on that rack 1, thereby simplifying the structure of a single cargo loading / unloading device 2, so that the rack 1 and the cargo loading / unloading device 2 attached thereto form an integrated module, and the user can select the number and arrangement of modules according to their needs.

[0046] In this embodiment, in order to improve the efficiency of the cargo loading and unloading system, a temporary storage component 3 is provided at the bottom of the rack 1. The temporary storage component 3 has a temporary storage slot 31 for placing cargo 5, and the temporary storage component 3 has a side opening, which allows cargo 5 to enter and exit the temporary storage slot 31. The temporary storage slot 31 is located below the bottom row of storage space 12, and the lowest cargo loading and unloading device 2 can load and unload cargo to and from the temporary storage slot 31 through the side opening. The cargo loading and unloading system also includes a transport vehicle, which can take out cargo 5 from the temporary storage slot 31 through the side opening, or place cargo 5 into the temporary storage slot 31.

[0047] The cargo loading and unloading system provided by this embodiment can satisfy the need to load and unload cargo 5 when cargo 5 needs to be unloaded, by having the lowest main cargo loading / unloading device 2a travel along the surface of the rack 1 if the target cargo 5 is located in a storage slot 121 corresponding to the lowest main loading / unloading area. If the storage slot 121 where the target cargo 5 is located is not in the lowest main loading / unloading area, for example, if it is located in the second main loading / unloading area counting from the bottom up, first the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a corresponding to the main loading / unloading area where the target storage slot 121 is located moves relative to the surface of the rack 1, thereby enabling the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a to pick up the target cargo 5 in the target storage slot 121. Subsequently, as the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a moves relative to the rack 1, it transfers the target cargo 5 into a storage slot 121 corresponding to a first shared loading / unloading area 122, which is jointly covered with the adjacent lower main cargo loading / unloading device 2a. Next, the lower main cargo loading / unloading device 2a moves, retrieves the target cargo 5 from the first shared loading / unloading area 122, and transfers it to the temporary storage slot 31 below. Finally, the transport vehicle carries the target cargo 5 from the temporary storage slot 31 to the target position for the next process.

[0048] When cargo 5 needs to be stored, the transport vehicle first carries the cargo 5 awaiting storage and places it in the temporary storage slot 31. If the target storage slot 121 corresponding to the cargo 5 awaiting storage is located in the lowest main loading / unloading area, the lowest main cargo loading / unloading device 2a travels along the surface of the rack 1, thereby retrieving the cargo 5 from the temporary storage slot 31 and then transferring the cargo 5 into the target storage slot 121. If the target storage slot 121 is located in a main loading / unloading area that is not the lowest level, for example, in the second main loading / unloading area from the bottom up, first the lowest main cargo loading / unloading device 2a moves across the surface of rack 1 to remove the cargo 5 awaiting storage from the temporary storage slot 31, then moves the cargo 5 awaiting storage into the first shared loading / unloading area 122 which is jointly covered by the upper main cargo loading / unloading device 2a adjacent to it, and then the upper main cargo loading / unloading device 2a operates to remove the target cargo 5 from the first shared loading / unloading area 122 and move it into the target storage slot 121.

[0049] The cargo loading and unloading system provided by this embodiment includes a temporary storage component 3 and a transport vehicle. When loading cargo 5, the cargo loading and unloading device 2 can temporarily place the cargo 5 picked up from the storage slot 121 into the temporary storage slot 31. The transport vehicle can then be used to transfer and transport the cargo 5 in the temporary storage slot 31. This eliminates the need for the cargo loading and unloading device 2 and the transport vehicle to be in direct contact, thereby reducing the waiting time for the cargo loading and unloading device 2 to retrieve cargo, improving the efficiency of cargo retrieval by the cargo loading and unloading device 2, and improving the efficiency of cargo loading and unloading. When loading cargo 5, the transport vehicle can temporarily place the cargo 5 waiting to be loaded into the temporary storage slot 31. The transport vehicle waits for the cargo loading and unloading device 2 to perform the loading operation on the cargo 5 in the temporary storage slot 31. This eliminates the need for the transport vehicle to be in contact with the cargo loading and unloading device 2, improving the efficiency of the transport vehicle in carrying cargo 5, thereby improving the efficiency of cargo loading and unloading, and improving the efficiency of logistics.

[0050] In other embodiments, it is not necessary to install the temporary storage component 3 at the bottom of the rack 1, the transport vehicle can come into contact with the lowest main cargo loading / unloading device 2a, and the cargo 5 can be transferred between the transport vehicle and the lowest main cargo loading / unloading device 2a.

[0051] To improve the convenience of the transport vehicle in carrying cargo 5 in the temporary storage slot 31, in this embodiment the transport vehicle is a lifting type transport vehicle, that is, it moves beneath the cargo 5 and lifts the cargo 5 to transport it. The transport vehicle includes an autonomously mobile chassis and a lifting mechanism attached to the mobile chassis, the lifting mechanism includes a loading rack and a lifting and lowering mechanism, the loading rack is located at the top of the mobile chassis and is positioned in contact with the bottom of the cargo 5, and the lifting and lowering mechanism can be moved to raise and lower the loading rack, thereby achieving separation or contact between the loading rack and the cargo 5. The structure and operation method of the lifting type transport vehicle can be set by referring to related technologies and will not be repeated here.

[0052] In other embodiments, the transport vehicle may include a mobile chassis and telescopic forks attached to the mobile chassis, which can extend and retract horizontally to enable the transfer of cargo 5 between the transport vehicle and the temporary storage slot 31. In such a setup, when the transport vehicle needs to move cargo 5 in or out of the temporary storage slot 31, the transport vehicle moves to a position facing the temporary storage slot 31, and then the telescopic forks extend to enable the transfer of cargo 5 between the transport vehicle and the temporary storage slot 31. In such a setup, the bottom of the temporary storage slot 31 does not need to pre-set a large space between it and the ground for the transport vehicle to operate.

[0053] The transport vehicle has a first height where the loading rack is not raised relative to the moving chassis, and a second height where the loading rack is raised relative to the moving chassis, with the second height being greater than the first height. Normally, when the transport vehicle is moving without a load, it is at the first height. When the transport vehicle needs to come into contact with the cargo 5 in the temporary storage slot 31, the loading rack rises so that the transport vehicle rises from the first height to the second height.

[0054] To improve the convenience of the transport vehicle moving along the bottom of rack 1, the lowest loading rack layer 11 forms a high passage 30 between itself and the ground of the cargo loading / unloading system in a position where no temporary storage components 3 are installed. The height of the high passage 30 is greater than the second height so that the transport vehicle can travel within the high passage 30 relatively freely. A low passage 20 is formed between the bottom of the temporary storage components 3 and the ground of the cargo loading / unloading system. The low passage 20 is higher than the first height so that the transport vehicle can enter underneath the temporary storage components 3 through the low passage 20 when it is at the first height. A bottom opening 33 is provided at the bottom of the temporary storage components 3, and the transport vehicle's loading rack can move up and down through the bottom opening 33 to enter and exit the temporary storage slot 31, and can contact or separate itself from the bottom of the cargo 5 in the temporary storage slot 31. The loading rack can move the cargo 5 horizontally into and out of the temporary storage slot 31 from the side opening.

[0055] In this embodiment, a house aile is formed between the bottom of the lowest cargo loading / unloading device 2 and the ground for the transport vehicle to operate. The height of this house aile is greater than the second height to allow the transport vehicle to move freely on the ground of the cargo loading / unloading system.

[0056] To improve the storage density of the cargo loading and unloading system warehouse, in the second direction, the two outermost racks 1 are single-depth racks, and the other racks 1 are double-depth racks. A single-depth rack is one in which each loading shelf layer 11 has only one storage unit installed in the second direction, and a double-depth rack 1 is one in which two storage units are installed side by side in the second direction in each loading shelf layer 11, with the storage slots 121 in the two storage units corresponding one-to-one in the first direction.

[0057] In the case of the dual-depth rack 1, one storage unit in its second direction faces one house aile 10, and the other storage unit faces another house aile 10. The cargo loading / unloading device 2 corresponding to one house aile 10 loads / unloads only to the storage unit on the side closer to that house aile 10. In other words, the storage units on both sides of the dual-depth rack 1 are loaded / unloaded by the cargo loading / unloading devices 2 on both sides of the rack 1. With this setup, the cargo retrieval process due to the expansion and contraction of the loading / unloading mechanism 22 does not become excessive, thereby reducing the dimensions of the loading / unloading mechanism 22 in the second direction, further reducing the width requirement of the house ailes 10, and improving the arrangement density of the rack 1.

[0058] In other embodiments, if the extension and retraction stroke of the loading / unloading mechanism 22 is sufficient, two or more storage units can be installed side by side along the second direction on each stacking shelf layer 11, the loading / unloading mechanism 22 can load and unload from two adjacent storage units on the same rack 1, or the loading / unloading area of ​​the cargo loading / unloading device 2 can cover all storage units on the same rack 1 in the second direction.

[0059] Each house aile 10 can be fitted with one temporary storage component 3, or it can be fitted with two or more temporary storage components 3. If multiple temporary storage components 3 are provided, all of them can be placed at the bottom of one rack 1, or they can be distributed and placed at the bottom of two racks 1. The number and placement of the temporary storage components 3 can be freely determined according to the cargo loading and unloading needs of the cargo loading and unloading system.

[0060] For a dual-depth rack 1, the temporary storage component 3 corresponding to one houseail 10 is located below the storage unit on the side closer to the houseail 10 at the bottom of the rack 1, so as to be advantageous for the cargo loading / unloading device 2 to load and unload cargo 5 in the temporary storage slot 31. In a second direction, the temporary storage component 3 is located adjacent to the elevated passage 30 so as to be advantageous for the transport vehicle to perform maneuvers such as U-turns and changes of direction in the elevated passage 30 adjacent to the temporary storage slot 31, thereby reducing restrictions on the transport vehicle's movement within the cargo loading / unloading system and improving the flexibility of the transport vehicle's route planning.

[0061] If the cargo loading / unloading system includes only one rack 1, the temporary storage component 3 is located at the bottom of the rack 1. If the rack 1 is a double-depth rack, the temporary storage component 3 is located below the storage unit on the side corresponding to the lowest cargo loading / unloading device 2 that corresponds to the rack 1.

[0062] To reduce interference between two cargo loading / unloading devices 2 in the same house aile 10, in this embodiment, at least one storage unit has two adjacent main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a that travel on two racks 1 and have a first shared loading / unloading area. With this setup, even if the lower end of the upper traveling mechanism 21 is lower than the upper end of the adjacent lower traveling mechanism 21, no interference occurs between the two traveling mechanisms 21. This eliminates the need to restrict the placement of the corresponding ends of the traveling mechanisms 21 of the two main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a when the two adjacent main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a are used to load and unload cargo 5 in the shared loading / unloading area, thereby improving the flexibility of the structure and installation of the cargo loading / unloading devices 2.

[0063] In this embodiment, corresponding to the same storage unit, the lower end of the standing rail 211 of the upper main cargo loading / unloading device 2a is lower than the upper end of the standing rail 211 of the lower main cargo loading / unloading device 2a. This allows the standing rail 211 to effectively support the loading / unloading mechanism 22 when it moves to the highest or lowest cargo retrieval position, improving reliability when the loading / unloading mechanism 22 operates to the highest or lowest cargo retrieval position. At the same time, this installation reduces the relative vertical positional constraints between the connection position of the loading / unloading mechanism 22 and the standing rail 211 and the installation position of the telescopic forks 222 of the loading / unloading mechanism 22, improving the design flexibility of the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a and enhancing its versatility.

[0064] The upper end of the standing rail 211 of the uppermost main cargo loading / unloading device 2a is higher than the uppermost storage space 12, thereby ensuring the reliability of cargo loading and unloading to the uppermost storage space 12 by the uppermost main cargo loading / unloading device 2a. The standing rail 211 of the lowermost main cargo loading / unloading device 2a extends below the temporary storage slot 31, thereby better ensuring the reliability of cargo loading and unloading to the temporary storage slot 31 by the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a.

[0065] In this embodiment, the width of the cargo loading / unloading device 2 in the second direction is set to D, and the width of the house aile 10 in the second direction is set to 1.1D to 1.5D. This avoids interference between the loading / unloading mechanism 22 of one cargo loading / unloading device 2 and the standing rail 211 of the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a on the other side of the house aile 10, thereby ensuring the reliability of the operation of all cargo loading / unloading devices 2.

[0066] Since the width of the house aile 10 is less than twice the width of the cargo loading / unloading device 2, the loading / unloading mechanisms 22 of the two relatively positioned cargo loading / unloading devices 2 cannot move to a position where they face each other directly in either the second direction or the vertical direction. Therefore, during the cargo loading / unloading process, collisions between the two relatively positioned loading / unloading mechanisms 22 can be avoided by controlling the trajectory of the cargo loading / unloading device 2 as it moves on the surface of the rack 1, and by controlling the up and down movement of the loading / unloading mechanisms 22 on the travel mechanism 21.

[0067] To reduce costs, in this embodiment, the main loading and unloading areas of two adjacent main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a jointly cover one row of storage space 12 in the vertical direction. This allows the main loading and unloading areas of the two main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a to overlap, while avoiding an increase in the vertical height of the main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a due to excessive overlap. In other embodiments, the main loading and unloading areas of two adjacent main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a can cover two or more rows of storage space 12 in the vertical direction.

[0068] In the first shared loading / unloading area 122 formed by two main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a arranged adjacent to each other vertically, some storage slots 121 are transfer storage slots, and the remaining storage slots 121 are normal storage slots, where normal storage slots can be used to temporarily store cargo 5 on a daily basis, that is, they can be used as target storage slots 121 for cargo 5 awaiting warehousing. Transfer storage slots can be installed so that cargo 5 is transferred between two adjacent main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a. That is, if the target cargo 5 is located in a storage slot 121 in the upper main loading / unloading area, the upper main cargo loading / unloading device 2a first transfers the target cargo 5 in the upper main loading / unloading area to a transfer storage slot, and then the lower main cargo loading / unloading device 2a transfers the cargo 5 in the transfer storage slot to a further lower transfer storage slot or temporary storage slot 31. By providing transfer storage slots, the problem of target cargo 5 being difficult to transfer between the two main cargo handling devices 2a due to all storage slots 121 in the first shared loading / unloading area 122 being occupied by non-target cargo 5 can be avoided. At the same time, this setup allows the two adjacent main cargo handling devices 2a to approach each other and further reduces the probability of collision, thereby improving the reliability of the operation of the main cargo handling devices 2a.

[0069] Transfer storage slots can be installed in a series or partially distributed along the first direction. The number and location of transfer storage slots can be provided according to the needs of warehouse logistics for receiving and dispatching goods, and this application is not limited thereto.

[0070] In order to reduce the probability of the rack 1 falling over, in this embodiment, the number of rows of the storage space 12 covered by the main loading and unloading area of the uppermost main cargo loading and unloading device 2a is set as n1, and the number of rows of the storage space 12 covered by the main loading and unloading area of the lowermost main cargo loading and unloading device 2a is set as n2, and n1 < n2. Thereby, while ensuring that all the main loading and unloading areas cover all the storage slots 121, the height of the uppermost main cargo loading and unloading device 2a in the vertical direction can be reduced, thereby lowering the overall center of gravity formed by the rack 1 and the cargo loading and unloading device 2, and reducing the probability of the rack 1 falling over.

[0071] In each cargo loading and unloading system, there are differences in the frequency of inbound and outbound of different goods 5. Usually, some goods 5 are goods 5 with a high frequency of inbound and outbound, and some goods 5 are goods 5 with a low frequency of inbound and outbound. In order to improve the efficiency of the cargo loading and unloading system, in this embodiment, among the two adjacent main loading and unloading areas in the vertical direction, the average inbound and outbound frequency of the goods 5 in all the storage slots 121 in the lower main loading and unloading area is higher than the average inbound and outbound frequency of the goods 5 in all the storage slots 121 in the upper main loading and unloading area. Thereby, the goods 5 with a high inbound and outbound frequency can be arranged in the lower main loading and unloading area, reducing the number of the main cargo loading and unloading devices 2a required to handle such goods 5, and improving the inbound and outbound efficiency.

[0072] In one embodiment, the loading / unloading mechanism 22 includes a mounting frame 221, telescopic forks 222, and fork components. The mounting frame 221 is slidably mounted on a standing rail 211, and the telescopic forks 222 are extendable along a second direction and are provided in pairs relative to each other along a first direction. A fork component is actively attached to the extended end of each telescopic fork 222, and the fork component can be switched between a position where it moves the cargo by moving it between the two telescopic forks 222 and a standby position where it is retracted from the relative moving position. When it is necessary to unload the cargo 5 from the storage slot 121, the loading / unloading mechanism 22 moves the telescopic forks 222 to a position where they are directly facing the height of the storage slot 121. The two telescopic forks 222 extend toward the storage slot 121 along the second direction so that the two telescopic forks 222 extend toward the storage slot 121 toward the relative sides of the cargo 5. When the telescopic forks 222 are extended to their predetermined positions, the fork components are switched to a position where they can move toward the rear side of the cargo 5. The telescopic forks 222 are retracted, moving the cargo 5 from the storage slot 121 onto the mounting frame 221. The process by which the loading / unloading mechanism 22 places the cargo 5 on the mounting frame 221 back into the storage slot 121 is essentially the reverse and will not be repeated here. The structure of the loading / unloading mechanism 22, which uses the telescopic forks 222 and fork components to transfer the cargo 5 between the rack 1 and the mounting frame 221, is relatively common in the relevant art, and this application does not limit the type and structure of the loading / unloading mechanism 22.

[0073] In another embodiment, the loading / unloading mechanism 22 includes a mounting frame 221, an extendable component, and a cargo retrieval component, with cooperating components provided on the front or left / right sides of the cargo 5 to work with the cargo retrieval component. The mounting frame 221 is slidably mounted on a standing rail 211, and the extendable component can be guided to extend the cargo retrieval component along a first direction to connect with the cooperating component. This allows the extendable component to be pulled back away from the rack 1, dragging the cargo 5 in the storage slot 121 onto the mounting frame 221, or the extendable component to extend towards the rack 1, pushing the cargo 5 on the mounting frame 221 onto the storage slot 121. The cooperation between the cargo retrieval component and the cooperating component may be a hook connection, an engagement connection, or a magnetic attraction connection, etc.

[0074] In another embodiment, the loading / unloading mechanism 22 includes a mounting frame 221 and an extendable fork 222, the mounting frame 221 being slidably mounted on a standing rail 211, and the extendable fork 222 being mounted on the mounting frame 221 so as to be extendable along a second direction. When picking up cargo 5 in the storage slot 121, the loading / unloading mechanism 22 first moves to a position facing the storage slot 121, and the extendable fork 222 extends into the storage slot 121 along the second direction and positions itself below the cargo 5. The extendable fork 222 then rises to lift the cargo 5 away from the rack 1. The extendable fork 222 is then pulled back to carry the cargo 5 onto the mounting frame 221. When transferring the cargo 5 on the mounting frame 221 into the storage slot 121, the extendable fork 222 extends with the cargo 5 on it and enters the storage slot 121, the extendable fork 222 descends to escort the cargo 5 onto the rack 1, and the extendable fork 222 separates from the cargo 5. The telescopic forks 222 are pulled back to their original position. During the process of lifting and raising / lowering the cargo 5, the telescopic forks 222 may move up and down relative to the mounting frame 221, or the entire loading / unloading mechanism 22 may move up and down to guide the telescopic forks 222 in the process of moving them up and down.

[0075] In related technologies, there are many structures for loading / unloading mechanisms 22 that can be transferred between rack 1 and cargo loading / unloading device 2, and this application does not restrict the structure of loading / unloading mechanism 22 or repeat the explanation. It is sufficient that loading / unloading mechanism 22 can realize loading and unloading of cargo 5 to and from storage slot 121.

[0076] (Example 2) This embodiment provides a cargo loading and unloading system, the cargo loading and unloading system provided in this embodiment has the same basic installation as the cargo loading and unloading system of Embodiment 1, with only some differences in installation. In this embodiment, the same content as in Embodiment 1 will not be repeated in the explanation.

[0077] As shown in Figure 5, in this embodiment, at least one storage unit has two adjacent main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a that travel on both relative sides of the same rack 1 and have a first shared loading / unloading area, and the main loading / unloading area of ​​the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a can cover all storage units of the same rack 1 in the second direction.

[0078] In other words, in this embodiment, the main cargo loading / unloading area of ​​the cargo loading / unloading device 2 of some storage units covers the same vertical area of ​​all storage units on the same rack 1. This allows cargo on both sides of the rack 1 to be loaded and unloaded, while simultaneously reducing the number of cargo loading / unloading devices 2 and lowering costs. Furthermore, two main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a that correspond to the same storage unit and are installed adjacent to each other in the vertical direction are located on the relative sides of the rack 1, and the two main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a installed adjacent to each other in the vertical direction travel on the relative sides of the rack 1. This prevents interference between them, enabling two adjacent main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a to handle cargo in the same first shared loading / unloading area, while simultaneously lowering the installation restrictions for the main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a.

[0079] In this embodiment, at least two racks 1 are provided relatively and spaced apart along a second direction, and a house aile 10 is formed between two adjacent racks 1. In two adjacent racks 1, the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a located within the house aile 10 is designated as the first main cargo loading / unloading device, which can load and unload cargo to and from the racks 1 on both sides. The main cargo loading / unloading device 2a vertically adjacent to the first main cargo loading / unloading device is designated as the second main cargo loading / unloading device, and the second main cargo loading / unloading devices on the two racks 1 are located on the relative sides of the racks 1 corresponding to the first main cargo loading / unloading device. As a result, there is either only one main cargo loading / unloading device 2a within the house aile 10 of the two racks 1, or the main loading / unloading areas of at least two main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a within the same house aile 10 are vertically separated, thereby reducing interference between the two main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a.

[0080] That is, taking the example of a case where each storage unit is provided with two main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a, if the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a located on the upper side is the first main cargo loading / unloading device, then the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a located on the lower side of each rack 1 is the second main cargo loading / unloading device, and the second main cargo loading / unloading devices of the two racks 1 are each located on the side away from the first main cargo loading / unloading device of rack 1, and the first main cargo loading / unloading device of one rack 1 and the second main cargo loading / unloading device of the same rack 2 travel on the relative surface of the rack 1, and the other second main cargo loading / unloading device is located on the two racks 1, respectively.

[0081] In another embodiment, the house aile 10 can be equipped with two main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a, each having a first shared loading / unloading area, and the main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a run along both sides of the rack 1 on at least one side of the house aile 10, with the main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a on both sides of the same rack 1 having a first shared loading / unloading area.

[0082] In another embodiment, all storage units have main loading / unloading devices 2a that run on both sides of the same rack 1 and are vertically adjacent to each other. That is, the house aile 10 is provided with at least two main loading / unloading devices 2a, and the two main loading / unloading devices 2a are vertically adjacent to each other. In such an installation, the two main loading / unloading devices 2a located in and adjacent to each other on the house aile 10 may have a first shared loading / unloading area, or the main loading / unloading areas of the two main loading / unloading devices 2a may be vertically separated.

[0083] Each rack 1 may be a single-depth rack, meaning that each rack 1 has one storage unit. A rack 1 may also be a double-depth rack, meaning that each cargo loading / unloading device 2 can load and unload cargo to and from two storage units arranged side by side in the second direction. When multiple racks 1 are arranged side by side in the second direction, the two outermost racks 1 are single-depth racks, and the rack 1 in the middle is a double-depth rack.

[0084] (Example 3) This embodiment provides a cargo loading and unloading system, the cargo loading and unloading system provided in this embodiment has the same basic installation as the cargo loading and unloading system of Embodiment 1, with only some differences in installation. In this embodiment, the same content as in Embodiment 1 will not be repeated in the explanation.

[0085] As shown in Figure 6, the installation method of the main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a differs from that of Embodiment 1. At least two vertically adjacent main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a are provided on the same side of the rack 1. Of these two adjacent main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a, the lower end of the travel mechanism 21 of the upper main cargo loading / unloading device 2a is higher than the upper end of the travel mechanism 21 of the lower main cargo loading / unloading device 2a. The loading / unloading mechanism 22 of the upper main cargo loading / unloading device 2a can extend downward from the travel mechanism 21 to load and unload cargo to and from the storage slots 121 in the shared loading / unloading area, and / or the loading / unloading mechanism 22 of the lower main cargo loading / unloading device 2a can extend upward from the travel mechanism 21 to load and unload cargo to and from the storage slots 121 in the shared loading / unloading area.

[0086] In this embodiment, the travel mechanisms 21 of two adjacent main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a are spaced apart, thereby preventing interference between the operation of the two main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a when they are located on the same side. At the same time, by installing the upper loading / unloading mechanism 22 to extend downward from the travel mechanism 21, and / or the lower loading / unloading mechanism 22 to extend upward from the travel mechanism 21, a shared loading / unloading area overlapping the two main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a can be provided.

[0087] In other words, in this embodiment, two adjacent main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a may be provided on the same side of the rack 1, or on relative sides of the rack 1. When multiple racks 1 are provided side by side, two vertically adjacent main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a may be provided on relative sides of the house aile 10, or on the same side of the house aile 10, thereby increasing the flexibility in the installation of the main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a.

[0088] In this embodiment, two main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a are provided on the same house aile 10. The loading / unloading mechanism 22 of the lower main cargo loading / unloading device 2a can extend upward from the corresponding standing rail 211, and the loading / unloading mechanism 22 of the upper main cargo loading / unloading device 2a can extend downward from the corresponding standing rail 211. This reduces the height to which the lower loading / unloading mechanism 22 extends upward from the corresponding standing rail 211, and also reduces the height to which the upper loading / unloading mechanism 22 extends downward from the corresponding standing rail 211. This avoids problems such as reduced stability when the loading / unloading mechanism 22 is mounted on the running mechanism 21 and increased structural complexity due to excessive extension of the loading / unloading mechanism 22 from the standing rail 211, thereby reducing the difficulty of installing the main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a. At the same time, it improves the operation and stability of the main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a during use.

[0089] For the upper main cargo loading / unloading device 2a, the sliding connection position between the mounting frame 221 of the loading / unloading mechanism 22 and the standing rail 211 is higher than the position of the telescopic fork 222 of the loading / unloading mechanism 22. As a result, when the mounting frame 221 slides relative to the standing rail 211 and reaches the lowest cargo unloading position of the loading / unloading mechanism 22, the telescopic fork 222 can face the first shared loading / unloading area 122 directly.

[0090] In the case of the lower main cargo loading / unloading device 2a, the sliding connection position between the mounting frame 221 of the loading / unloading mechanism 22 and the standing rail 211 is higher than the position of the telescopic fork 222 of the loading / unloading mechanism 22.

[0091] (Example 4) This embodiment provides a cargo loading and unloading system, which is an improvement over the cargo loading and unloading system of Embodiment 1. This embodiment will not repeat the same explanations as in Embodiment 1.

[0092] At least one storage unit has two main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a that travel on the same surface of the same rack 1 and are installed adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, and at least one main cargo loading / unloading device 2a can be switched between a first operating state and a second operating state. When the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a is in the first operating state, the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a is installed with a vertical gap between it and an adjacent main cargo loading / unloading device 2a on the same side. When the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a is in the second operating state, the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a is installed with a vertical overlap between it and an adjacent main cargo loading / unloading device 2a on the same side.

[0093] In other words, in this embodiment, by having at least one main cargo loading / unloading device 2a switch between a first operating state and a second operating state, interference between two main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a adjacent to each other on the same side can be avoided. At the same time, by having one main cargo loading / unloading device 2a switch to the second operating state, it can be ensured that cargo 5 in the storage slot 121 within the first shared loading / unloading area 122 can be loaded and unloaded, thereby improving the convenience and flexibility of the installation of the main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a.

[0094] In this embodiment, the standing rail 211 is designed so that at least one end facing the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a adjacent to it on the same side can extend and retract, in order to switch the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a between a first operating state and a second operating state. That is, in this embodiment, the length of the standing rail 211 can be changed by extending and retracting the end of the standing rail 211, thereby adjusting the operating stroke of the loading / unloading mechanism and further switching the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a between a first operating state and a second operating state. Such an adjustment method and adjustment structure is simple, easy to implement, and takes up little space.

[0095] The standing rail 211 includes a rail body and an adjustable rail, the running wheels 212 are attached to the rail body, and the adjustable rail is slidably mounted to one end of another main cargo loading / unloading device 2a adjacent to at least the same side of the rail body. The standing rail 211 also includes an adjustable drive component, which drives the adjustable rail to move up and down relative to the rail body to switch the standing rail 211 between an initial state and an extended state. When the standing rail 211 is in the initial state, the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a is in a first operating state, and when the standing rail 211 is in the extended state, the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a is in a second operating state.

[0096] Such a standing rail 211 structure is simple, low-cost, and, by providing an adjustable drive component, the length of the standing rail 211 can be automatically adjusted, resulting in a high degree of automation. The structure of the adjustable drive component that enables the adjustable rail to slide relative to the rail body is relatively common, and in this embodiment, we do not restrict or repeat the explanation of the mounting structure of the adjustable rail and the rail body or the structure of the adjustable drive component.

[0097] In other words, in this embodiment, by providing an adjustment rail at the end of the rail body, when it is not necessary to load or unload cargo 5 into or out of the storage slot 121 in the first shared loading / unloading area 122, the adjustment rail is pulled back relative to the rail body, preventing interference between the operation of the two adjacent main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a. When it is necessary for the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a to load or unload cargo 5 into or out of the storage slot 121 in the shared loading / unloading area, the adjustment rail extends upward relative to the rail body so that the loading / unloading mechanism 22 can move along the adjustment rail to a position facing the shared loading / unloading area.

[0098] In other embodiments, the loading / unloading mechanism 22 includes a mounting frame 221, a lifting mechanism, and a cargo loading / unloading component, the mounting frame 221 being mounted to two standing rails 211 so as to be slidable vertically, and the cargo loading / unloading component being able to extend and retract along a second direction to transfer cargo 5 between the loading / unloading mechanism 22 and the rack 1. The lifting mechanism is mounted between the mounting frame 221 and the cargo loading / unloading component to raise and lower the loading / unloading mechanism 22 vertically relative to the mounting frame 221, thereby allowing the cargo loading / unloading component to be switched between a high cargo retrieval position and a low cargo retrieval position. Of these, the height of the cargo loading / unloading component relative to the mounting frame 221 when it is in the high cargo retrieval position is higher than the height of the cargo loading / unloading component relative to the mounting frame 221 when it is in the low cargo retrieval position. When the cargo loading / unloading component is in the high cargo retrieval position, the cargo loading / unloading device 2 is in a second operating state, and when the cargo loading / unloading component is in the low cargo retrieval position, the cargo loading / unloading device 2 is in a first operating state.

[0099] (Example 5) This embodiment provides a cargo loading and unloading system, which is an improvement over the cargo loading and unloading system of Embodiment 1. This embodiment will not repeat the same explanations as in Embodiment 1.

[0100] As shown in Figure 7, in this embodiment, the storage slot 121 corresponding to the main loading / unloading area at the bottom is installed to store cargo 5 that is frequently loaded and unloaded. In order to increase the frequency of loading and unloading in the storage space 12 at the bottom of the rack 1, at least one of the multiple cargo loading / unloading devices 2 provided for one storage unit is an auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device 2b, and the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device 2b has an auxiliary loading / unloading area. The auxiliary loading / unloading area covers at least the lowest storage space 12.

[0101] With the above setup, the main loading / unloading area of ​​the lowest main cargo loading / unloading device 2a and the auxiliary loading / unloading area of ​​the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device 2b partially overlap to form a second shared loading / unloading area. As a result, if the target cargo 5 awaiting loading / unloading is located within the second shared loading / unloading area, the loading / unloading operation of the target cargo 5 may be performed by the lowest main cargo loading / unloading device 2a, or by the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device 2b. If the target storage slot 121 of the cargo 5 awaiting inbound is located within the second shared loading / unloading area, the cargo 5 may be transferred to the target storage slot 121 by the lowest main cargo loading / unloading device 2a, or by the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device 2b. This reduces the waiting time for loading / unloading cargo 5 and improves the efficiency of loading / unloading cargo 5. Furthermore, by operating the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a and the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device 2b at the bottom simultaneously, simultaneous loading and unloading of two cargo items 5 is achieved, further improving logistics efficiency.

[0102] In this embodiment, within the same house aile 10, the lowest main cargo loading / unloading device 2a and the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device 2b are each mounted on two racks 1. That is, the two racks 1 located on either side of the house aile 10 are the first rack 1 and the second rack 1, respectively, with the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device 2b traveling on the surface of the first rack 1 and the lowest main cargo loading / unloading device 2a traveling on the surface of the second rack 1. This effectively avoids interference between the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device 2b and the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a, ensuring the safety and reliability of the operation of each cargo loading / unloading device 2.

[0103] In this embodiment, the main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a, which are vertically adjacent to each other within the same house aile 10, are each located on two racks 1. That is, the upper main cargo loading / unloading device 2a and the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device 2b, which are adjacent to the lowermost main cargo loading / unloading device 2a, are mounted on the same rack 1. To avoid interference between the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device 2b and the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a, the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device 2b is provided with a vertical gap between it and the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a adjacent to it on the same side.

[0104] The upper end of the standing rail 211 of the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device 2b is lower than the lower end of the standing rail 211 of the main cargo loading / unloading device 2a adjacent to it on the same side, thereby preventing interference between the standing rails 211 of the two adjacent cargo loading / unloading devices 2 on the same side during operation.

[0105] The auxiliary loading / unloading area of ​​the auxiliary loading / unloading device 2b is provided separately from the main loading / unloading area of ​​the main loading / unloading device 2a on the same side. In other words, the auxiliary loading / unloading device 2b and the main loading / unloading device 2a on the same side do not share a loading / unloading area. This makes it possible to avoid the probability of interference or collision between the auxiliary loading / unloading device 2b and the upper main loading / unloading device 2a and the opposing main loading / unloading device 2a.

[0106] In another embodiment, all main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a can be mounted on the same rack 1, and two vertically adjacent main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a are located on relative sides of the rack 1. In such an installation, the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device 2b and the lowest main cargo loading / unloading device 2a are located on the same rack 1 and can travel on relative sides of the rack 1, or the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device 2b and the lowest main cargo loading / unloading device 2a are located on relative sides of the rack 1 and can travel on the surfaces of two racks 1. For the installation of the main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a in such an embodiment, refer to Embodiment 2.

[0107] In other embodiments, all main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a corresponding to the same storage unit are located on the same side of the same rack 1, and the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading devices 2b are located on the other opposite side of the rack 1, or the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading devices 2b are located on an adjacent rack 1, and the main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a and auxiliary cargo loading / unloading devices 2b are located within the same house aile 10. In such an installation, the auxiliary loading / unloading area of ​​the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device 2b may overlap only with the main cargo loading / unloading area of ​​the lowest main cargo loading / unloading device 2a, or it may overlap with the main cargo loading / unloading areas of two adjacent main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a. The installation of the main cargo loading / unloading devices 2a in such embodiments can be found by referring to Embodiment 3 or Embodiment 4, which will not be repeated here.

[0108] (Example 6) This embodiment provides a cargo loading and unloading system. The basic structure of the cargo loading and unloading system provided by this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, except for some differences in installation. In this embodiment, the same content as in Embodiment 1 will not be repeated in the explanation.

[0109] In this embodiment, the loading / unloading mechanism 22 includes a mounting frame 221, an extension mechanism 224, and a cargo loading / unloading component. Of these, the mounting frame 221 is mounted on two standing rails 211 so as to be vertically movable. The extension mechanism 224 is connected between the mounting frame 221 and the cargo loading / unloading component, and the extension mechanism 224 can guide the cargo loading / unloading component so as to extend and retract it along a second direction relative to the mounting frame 221, thereby allowing the cargo loading / unloading component to switch between an initial position and an extended position. The cargo loading / unloading component includes a sliding base 223 and an extension fork 222, and the extension mechanism 224 is connected between the mounting frame 221 and the sliding base 223, and the extension fork 222 can extend and retract along a second direction relative to the sliding base 223 to enable the transfer of cargo 5 between the sliding base 223 and the storage slot 121 or temporary storage slot 31.

[0110] When the cargo loading / unloading device 2 is in its initial state, the cargo loading / unloading components are in their initial position, directly above the mounting frame 221, the telescopic forks 222 are retracted relative to the sliding base 223, and the ends of the telescopic forks 222 are spaced apart from the rack 1 to prevent the loading / unloading mechanism 22 from interfering with the rack 1 during movement. When it is necessary to pick up cargo 5 from the storage slot 121 or temporary storage slot 31, the sliding base 223 extends to a position extended relative to the mounting frame 221, and at the same time, the telescopic forks 222 extend relative to the sliding base 223 to abut against cargo 5 in the storage slot 121. After the telescopic forks 222 have abutted against cargo 5, the telescopic forks 222 retract relative to the sliding base 223, and at the same time or after, the sliding base 223 retracts relative to the mounting frame 221 to facilitate the transfer of cargo 5 onto the sliding base 223.

[0111] With the above installation, the sliding base 223 can extend relative to the mounting frame 221, thereby reducing the distance between the sliding base 223 and the storage slot 121 or temporary storage slot 31 when the cargo 5 is transferred between the sliding base 223 and the rack 1. This ensures that the cargo 5 is securely supported by the sliding base 223 and / or the rack 1, preventing the cargo 5 from falling, tilting, or experiencing other problems during the transfer process due to the cargo 5 being too heavy or its center of gravity being off-center, thereby improving the reliability, stability, and safety of the transfer of the cargo 5 between the loading / unloading mechanism 22 and the rack 1.

[0112] The cargo loading / unloading device 2 provided by this embodiment can be applied to any one of the embodiments from Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 5.

[0113] (Example 7) This embodiment provides a cargo loading and unloading system. The basic structure of the cargo loading and unloading system provided by this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, except for some differences in installation. In this embodiment, the same content as in Embodiment 1 will not be repeated in the explanation.

[0114] In this embodiment, all storage slots 121 within the first shared loading / unloading area 122 are normal storage slots to enable daily loading and unloading. In other words, normal storage slots can be designated as target storage slots 121 for target cargo 5 awaiting loading, thereby increasing the warehouse storage capacity of the cargo loading / unloading system. In such an installation, the cargo 5 loaded into the normal storage slots should be cargo 5 with a high loading / unloading frequency, thereby reducing the impact of cargo 5 located in the normal storage slots on the loading / unloading efficiency of cargo 5.

[0115] If all storage slots 121 in the first shared loading / unloading area 122 are normal storage slots, and the target cargo 5 is located in the main loading / unloading area other than the upper first shared loading / unloading area 122, the upper main cargo loading / unloading device 2a should move the target cargo 5 awaiting retrieval to an empty normal storage slot in the first shared loading / unloading area 122. If, at this time, all of the normal storage slots contain cargo 5 that is not the target, the lower main cargo loading / unloading device 2a should first be used to move the cargo 5 that is not the target from one of the normal storage slots to another empty storage slot 121 in the main loading / unloading area.

[0116] The installation of the first shared access area 122 described above can be applied to any one of the five embodiments from Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 5.

[0117] (Example 8) This embodiment provides a cargo loading and unloading system, which is an improvement based on any one of the above embodiments, and this embodiment will not repeat the same information as in the above embodiments.

[0118] In this embodiment, the temporary storage component 3 has openings on both sides along the second direction, each forming two side openings. This means that the transport vehicle can enter and exit the temporary storage slot 31 with cargo 5 through either side opening, improving the flexibility of the transport vehicle's route planning. This improves the efficiency of cargo 5 transport by the transport vehicle and enhances the efficiency of the cargo loading and unloading system.

[0119] As shown in Figures 9 to 11, the temporary storage component 3 includes at least two temporary storage stands 32 spaced apart along a first direction, with the upper end of each temporary storage stand 32 connected to the rack 1 and the lower end provided to support cargo 5. A temporary storage slot 31 is formed between two adjacent temporary storage stands 32. The upper end of each temporary storage stand 32 is connected to the lowest loading shelf layer 11. By forming the temporary storage slot 31 between two adjacent temporary storage stands 32, the bottom opening 33 and the openings on both sides of the temporary storage slot 31 are naturally formed by the gap between the two temporary storage stands 32, thereby simplifying the structure of the temporary storage component 3 and reducing the difficulty of manufacturing the temporary storage component 3. At the same time, this setup enables the versatility of the temporary storage stands 32, allowing for a rational selection of the number of temporary storage stands 32 according to the needs of loading and unloading and the length of the rack 1 along a second direction, thereby increasing the flexibility of the layout of the temporary storage component 3.

[0120] Each temporary storage stand 32 includes a suspension frame 321 and a loading component 322. The upper end of the suspension frame 321 is connected to the rack 1, and a temporary storage slot 31 is formed between the two suspension frames 321. The loading component 322 is attached to the lower end of the suspension frame 321 and extends along the direction toward the temporary storage slot 31, forming a bottom opening 33 between the two loading components 322 on either side of the same temporary storage slot 31. The portion of the loading component 322 that fits into the temporary storage slot 31 forms a support portion 3221 provided to support the cargo 5. The two support portions 3221 on either side of the same temporary storage slot 31 are provided to support the bottom of the cargo 5, and a bottom opening 33 is formed between the two support portions 3221.

[0121] The suspension frame 321 includes a mounting ceiling beam 3211 extending along the second direction and a mounting vertical beam 3212 connected between the mounting ceiling beam 3211 and the load-bearing component 322, the mounting ceiling beam 3211 being fastened to the load-bearing shelf layer 11. Mounting plates 3213 are provided at both ends of the mounting ceiling beam 3211, and each mounting plate 3213 is fastened to two horizontal beams. This ensures ease of installation and stability when attaching the temporary stand 32 to the rack 1. At least two mounting vertical beams 3212 are provided spaced apart along the second direction to increase the overall structural strength and rigidity of the suspension frame 321.

[0122] In this embodiment, the loading component 322 extends outward on both relative sides along the first direction beyond the corresponding side of the suspension frame 321, meaning that each loading component 322 forms two support portions 3221, and the two support portions 3221 are provided corresponding to two temporary placement slots 31. This configuration increases the versatility of the suspension frame 321, and when two or more temporary placement slots 31 are provided side by side, both the suspension frame 321 and the loading component 322 between the two temporary placement slots 31 can be made versatile. In other embodiments, the temporary placement component 3 may include only two temporary placement stands 32, and one side of the loading component 322 may extend beyond the suspension frame 321.

[0123] To enhance the reliability of supporting the cargo 5 by the temporary support stand 32, a reinforcing component is connected to the underside of the loading component 322. At least a portion of the reinforcing component extends below the support portion 3221 and is provided to structurally reinforce a local portion of the support portion 3221. This prevents the support portion 3221 from collapsing or bending downwards, ensuring stability when supporting the cargo 5. In this embodiment, the reinforcing component extends along a first direction, with each end extending to two support portions 3221. In other embodiments, the reinforcing component extends along a second direction, and at least one may be provided corresponding to each support portion 3221.

[0124] Preferably, the reinforcing component is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the mounting ceiling beam 3211, and the reinforcing component, the loading component 322, and the mounting ceiling beam 3211 are fastened together in sequence by a fixing component that penetrates all three. This allows the loading component 322 to be connected to the reinforcing component and the mounting vertical beam 3212, while simultaneously preventing the fixing component from being exposed above the support portion 3221 and scratching the cargo 5. The reinforcing component has an elongated mounting hole extending along a second direction, and the fixing component passes through this elongated mounting hole. This allows the fitting position of the fixing component and the reinforcing component to be adjusted, reducing the difficulty of assembling the three components.

[0125] A guide component 323 is provided protruding from the upper side of the loading component 322. The guide component 323 is located within the temporary storage slot 31 and extends along a second direction, with guide plate portions 3232 formed at both ends. The two guide plate portions 3232 are inclined in a direction away from each other and away from the corresponding temporary storage slot 31. The provision of the guide component 323 allows the cargo 5 to be guided in and out of the temporary storage slot 31 by the two guide plate portions 3232, thereby improving the smooth loading and unloading of the cargo 5 into and out of the temporary storage slot 31 by the transport vehicle. At the same time, the provision of the guide component 323 prevents the cargo 5 from rubbing against the suspension frame 321, thereby improving the safety of loading and unloading the cargo 5.

[0126] The guide component 323 further includes a side baffle portion 3231 connected between the two guide plate portions 3232, the side baffle portion 3231 being vertically positioned and extending along a second direction. The side baffle portion 3231 can prevent the cargo 5 from moving out of the temporary storage slot 31 along the first direction, and at the same time can prevent the cargo 5 from colliding with the suspension frame 321.

[0127] In this embodiment, the same loading component 322 is provided with two guide components 323, each located on either side of the suspension frame 321. The ends of the two guide components 323 are in corresponding contact with each other, so that the lower end of the suspension frame 321 is surrounded between the two guide components 323. One end of each guide plate portion 3232 that is away from the baffle portion is bent to form a folded plate portion, and the folded plates of the two guide components 323 are in corresponding contact with each other at their ends. This is to prevent the cargo 5 or the transport vehicle from being scratched by edges being created at both ends of the guide components 323. The bent portions are perpendicular to the second direction.

[0128] Two guide components 323 located on the same loading component 322 are connected by a connecting component 324, thereby preventing the guide components 323 from deforming due to the compressive action of the cargo 5. This increases the overall structural strength and rigidity of the guide component 323, ensuring the reliability of the guide. The connecting component 324 is connected between the two baffle sections.

[0129] Furthermore, a connecting beam 34 is connected between two adjacent mounting ceiling beams 3211. The provision of the connecting beam 34 ensures the relative positional accuracy of the two adjacent temporary stands and ensures the installation accuracy of the width of the temporary stand slot 31 in the second direction. In other embodiments, it is not necessary to install a connecting beam 34 between two temporary stands 32. In this case, a positioning structure used for mounting and positioning the temporary stands 32 is provided on the horizontal beam of the rack 1, thereby ensuring the positional accuracy between two adjacent temporary stands 32. [Explanation of symbols]

[0130] 1 rack 11. Stacking shelves 12 storage spaces 121 storage slots 122. First shared access area 2. Cargo loading and unloading equipment 2a Main cargo loading / unloading device 2b Auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device 21. Running mechanism 211 Standing Rail 212 wheels 213 Driving components 22 Removal and retraction mechanism 221 Mounting frame 222 Telescopic Fork 223 Sliding base 224 Telescopic mechanism 3 Temporary components 31 Temporary Slots 32 Temporary Stand 321 Hanging Frame 3211 Ceiling Beam for Installation 3212 Mounting vertical beam 3213 Mounting plate 322 Loading parts 3221 Support part 323 Guide parts 3231 Side baffle section 3232 Guide plate section 324 Connecting parts 33 Bottom opening 34 Articulated beams 4. Horizontal rails 5 Cargo 10 House Aile 20 Low Passage 30 High Passageway

Claims

1. Equipped with racks and multiple cargo loading / unloading devices, The rack has a storage unit, the storage unit includes a plurality of rows of storage spaces arranged vertically, and each row of storage space includes a plurality of storage slots arranged in a first direction. The plurality of cargo loading and unloading devices are arranged such that at least two cargo loading and unloading devices are provided in the storage unit, each cargo loading and unloading device is a main cargo loading and unloading device corresponding to a main loading and unloading area, and at least two main loading and unloading areas corresponding to the at least two cargo loading and unloading devices are arranged sequentially from top to bottom, jointly covering all the storage space of the storage unit, and two adjacent main loading and unloading areas jointly cover at least one row of storage space, forming a first shared loading and unloading area, and the main cargo loading and unloading devices can travel along the surface of the rack to load and unload cargo to and from one storage slot in the main loading and unloading area corresponding to the main cargo loading and unloading device. Cargo loading and unloading system.

2. The surface of the rack is provided with a plurality of lateral rails extending in the first direction. Each cargo loading / unloading device includes a traveling mechanism and a loading / unloading mechanism, wherein the traveling mechanism is capable of traveling along the lateral rail in the first direction, and the loading / unloading mechanism is attached to the traveling mechanism so as to be able to move up and down in the vertical direction. The cargo loading and unloading system according to claim 1.

3. At least one storage unit comprises two adjacent main cargo loading / unloading devices that travel on opposite sides of the same rack and have the first shared loading / unloading area, wherein the main loading / unloading area of ​​the main cargo loading / unloading devices is capable of covering all storage units of the same rack in a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. Alternatively, at least two racks are provided side by side in the second direction with spacing between them, a house aile is formed between two adjacent racks, and a plurality of cargo loading / unloading devices within the house aile are installed to load and unload cargo to and from storage units on both sides of the house aile, and at least one storage unit comprises two adjacent main cargo loading / unloading devices that travel along the two adjacent racks and have the first shared loading / unloading area, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The cargo loading and unloading system according to claim 2.

4. In two main cargo loading / unloading devices corresponding to the same storage unit and located adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, the upper end of the lower traveling mechanism is higher than the lower end of the upper traveling mechanism. The cargo loading and unloading system according to claim 3.

5. In two main cargo loading / unloading devices corresponding to the same storage unit and located adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, the two upper and lower traveling mechanisms are provided spaced apart in the vertical direction. The loading / unloading mechanism located on the upper side can move to extend below the lower end of the travel mechanism to load and unload cargo into and out of the storage slots in the first shared loading / unloading area, and the loading / unloading mechanism located on the lower side can move to extend above the upper end of the travel mechanism to load and unload cargo into and out of the storage slots in the first shared loading / unloading area, satisfying at least one of these conditions. The cargo loading and unloading system according to claim 2.

6. At least one storage unit comprises two main cargo loading / unloading devices that travel on the same surface of the same rack and are provided adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, and at least one of the two main cargo loading / unloading devices is switchable between a first operating state and a second operating state. Depending on whether the main cargo loading / unloading device is in the first operating state, the one main cargo loading / unloading device is provided with a vertical gap between it and an adjacent main cargo loading / unloading device on the same side, and depending on whether the one main cargo loading / unloading device is in the second operating state, the main cargo loading / unloading device is provided so as to partially overlap it with an adjacent main cargo loading / unloading device on the same side in the vertical direction. The cargo loading and unloading system according to claim 2.

7. The running mechanism includes two standing rails provided parallel and spaced apart in the first direction, and a running wheel mechanism provided to drive the standing rails to run along the lateral rail, and the retraction mechanism is mounted between the two standing rails so as to be able to move up and down along the standing rails. The standing rail is retractable at least at one end toward the adjacent main cargo loading / unloading device on the same side, so that the main cargo loading / unloading device on which the standing rail is located can switch between the first operating state and the second operating state. The cargo loading and unloading system according to claim 6.

8. Depending on whether the one main cargo loading / unloading device is in the second operating state, the standing rails of the two adjacent main cargo loading / unloading devices partially overlap in the vertical direction, Each standing rail has at least one of the following conditions: both ends are extendable. The cargo loading and unloading system according to claim 7.

9. The standing rail includes a vertically extending rail body, with an adjustable rail slidably connected to at least one end of the rail body adjacent to a main cargo loading / unloading device on the same side, and the standing rail further includes an adjustable drive component, which is provided to drive the adjustable rail up and down relative to the rail body so as to switch the standing rail between an initial state and an extended state, and the main cargo loading / unloading device is in a first operating state when the standing rail is in the initial state, and the main cargo loading / unloading device is in a second operating state when the standing rail is in the extended state. The cargo loading and unloading system according to claim 7.

10. The racks are arranged in a second direction with at least two spaced apart, a house aile is formed between two adjacent racks, and multiple cargo loading / unloading devices within the house aile are capable of loading and unloading cargo to and from multiple storage spaces on both sides of the house aile, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. A cargo loading and unloading system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. One cargo loading / unloading device corresponding to at least one storage unit is an auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device, the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device corresponds to an auxiliary loading / unloading area, and the auxiliary loading / unloading area covers at least the lowest row of storage space. A cargo loading and unloading system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

12. The loading and unloading area of ​​each cargo loading / unloading device covers all storage units of the same rack in the second direction, and the lowermost main cargo loading / unloading device of the same storage unit corresponding to the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device is located on opposite sides of the rack, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. Alternatively, at least two racks are provided side by side in the second direction with spacing between them, a house aile is formed between two adjacent racks, and multiple cargo loading / unloading devices within the house aile are capable of loading and unloading cargo to and from multiple storage spaces on both sides of the house aile, and the lowermost main cargo loading / unloading devices of the same storage unit corresponding to the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading devices are each attached to two adjacent racks, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The cargo loading and unloading system according to claim 11.

13. Corresponding to the same storage unit, the upper main cargo loading / unloading device and the auxiliary cargo loading / unloading device, adjacent to the lowermost main cargo loading / unloading device, are mounted on the same side of the same rack and are spaced apart in the vertical direction. The cargo loading and unloading system according to claim 12.

14. The main loading / unloading area of ​​the main loading / unloading device, which is on the same side as and adjacent to the auxiliary loading / unloading device, is provided separately from the auxiliary loading / unloading area of ​​the auxiliary loading / unloading device in the vertical direction. The cargo loading and unloading system according to claim 11.

15. Of the two main loading / unloading areas that correspond to the same storage unit and are adjacent in the vertical direction, the average frequency of loading and unloading of goods in the lower main loading / unloading area is higher than the average frequency of loading and unloading of goods in the upper main loading / unloading area. Corresponding to the same storage unit, when the number of rows of storage space covered by the uppermost main loading / unloading area is n1 and the number of rows of storage space covered by the lowermost main loading / unloading area is n2, at least one of the following conditions is met: n2 > n1. A cargo loading and unloading system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

16. Of all the storage slots in the first shared loading / unloading area, some are transfer storage slots, and the other storage slots are normal storage slots. The transfer storage slots are provided to hold cargo that is to be relayed from one main cargo loading / unloading device to another, and the normal storage slots are storage slots for target cargo awaiting warehousing. A cargo loading and unloading system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

17. A temporary storage component is provided at the bottom of the rack, the temporary storage component has a temporary storage slot for placing the cargo, the temporary storage component has a side opening, the side opening is for the cargo to enter and exit the temporary storage slot, the temporary storage slot is located below the lowest row of the storage space, and the lowest cargo loading / unloading device can load and unload cargo into the temporary storage slot through the side opening. The cargo loading and unloading system further comprises a transport vehicle, the transport vehicle capable of removing cargo from the temporary storage slot through the side opening, or leaving cargo in the temporary storage slot. A cargo loading and unloading system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

18. A low-level passage is formed between the bottom of the temporary storage component and the ground of the cargo loading / unloading system, the bottom of the temporary storage component has a bottom opening that communicates with the low-level passage, and the bottom opening communicates with the side opening, The transport vehicle is configured as a top-lift type transport vehicle, is capable of traveling within the low-level passage, and the load rack of the transport vehicle is capable of moving vertically into and out of the temporary storage slot through the bottom opening, and the load rack, while holding the cargo, is capable of moving horizontally into and out of the temporary storage slot through the side opening. The cargo loading and unloading system according to claim 17.

19. A passage is formed between the bottom of the lowest cargo loading / unloading device and the ground, allowing the transport vehicle to travel. The cargo loading and unloading system according to claim 18.

20. The temporary component has side openings on both sides facing the second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The temporary storage component comprises two temporary storage stands spaced apart and facing each other in the first direction, wherein the upper end of each temporary storage stand is connected to the rack, and the lower end is configured to support the cargo, satisfying at least one of these conditions. The cargo loading and unloading system according to claim 17.

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