System and method for processing springs and products made from springs

Abstract

A product is disclosed comprising a plurality of springs in at least two layers, each layer comprising a plurality of springs substantially parallel to each other. The springs of the second layer are positioned on the springs of the first layer, and the springs of the first layer are rotated 60° to 120°, preferably about 70° to 110°, and more preferably 80° to 100° relative to the springs of the second layer. Furthermore, a system comprising a product support system and a spring application system is disclosed. The product support system comprises a receiving level configured to receive the plurality of layer springs. Each layer comprises a plurality of springs. The springs of each layer are substantially parallel. The receiving level comprises a plurality of pins. The spring application system is configured to apply the plurality of springs to the product support system. A method is further disclosed comprising providing a plurality of springs, positioning a first plurality of springs in a first layer, and positioning a second plurality of springs in a second layer on the springs of the first layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of packaging materials and machines for manufacturing packaging materials. The present invention further relates to a method for manufacturing packaging materials.

Background Art

[0002] Generally, elastic coils, i.e., springs, are known in the art. Also, several approaches for manufacturing springs from organic substances such as wood or other at least partially woody plants have been discussed. Further, some prior art documents propose fabrics and other structures made from the above springs.

[0003] Patent Document 1 (International Publication No. 2022 / 101457) discloses a wooden spring provided with a strip-shaped wood having an intermediate thickness a, an intermediate width b, and an extended length l. The coil of the strip-shaped wood is made using a method for manufacturing a wooden spring having a spiral shape, and the average diameter d and the average pitch s of the coil are such that a is 0.2 mm to 2 mm, b is 1 mm to 10 mm, l is 10 mm to 5000 mm, d is 6 mm to 60 mm, and s is 4 mm to 40 mm. The interlaced (woven) wooden fabric of the wooden spring includes a spiral-shaped strip of wood, and the wooden spring is interlaced with at least two juxtaposed wooden springs so as to form a wooden spring fabric.

[0004] Patent Document 2 (U.S. Patent No. 2457504) discloses a wood veneer and / or plywood tube, as well as a method and apparatus for manufacturing the same.

[0005] Patent Document 3 (European Patent No. 3096653) discloses a mattress made of a wooden spring manufactured from non-compressed hard or semi-hard wood. Further, a method for manufacturing the above wooden spring is disclosed.

[0006] While the approaches of prior art are satisfactory in some respects, they also have certain drawbacks and inconveniences.

[0007] In particular, the mat disclosed in Patent Document 1 (International Publication No. 2022 / 101457) is composed of interlaced springs, which are difficult to manufacture in parallel. Furthermore, the prior art does not provide efficient machinery for manufacturing mats made from such springs. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 2022 / 101457 [Patent Document 2] U.S. Patent No. 2457504 [Patent Document 3] European Patent No. 3096653 [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0009] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to overcome, or at least mitigate, the shortcomings and disadvantages of the prior art. More specifically, an object of the present invention is to provide improved packaging materials, systems and methods for producing them.

[0010] Another optional object of the present invention is to provide a system for manufacturing packaging materials made from springs with increased efficiency, as well as a corresponding method. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] In a first embodiment, a system for processing multiple springs is disclosed, comprising a product support system and a spring application system.

[0012] Each spring may comprise a strip of material wound spirally along its longitudinal axis. In other words, the spring may have a nearly helical, spiral-spring shape. To put it another way, the spring may have a shape corresponding to a section of the cylinder's curved surface, separated by two helices of the same shape but offset from each other in an angular or axial direction, with all points of the helices located within the cylinder's curved surface, and the helices extending from the first end of the curved surface to the second end.

[0013] The springs may have substantially identical steps when they are substantially unbiased. In other words, when no external force other than gravity is applied to the springs, the springs may have substantially identical distances between adjacent windings, and the springs may be in a substantially horizontal position.

[0014] The system may include a control system configured to control the operation of the system. The control system may include a data processing system.

[0015] The product support system may include a receiving level section configured to receive multiple layers of springs. Each layer may contain multiple springs. The multiple springs in each layer may be substantially parallel.

[0016] Multiple springs in each layer can be rotated by an angle of 90° relative to the springs in adjacent layers, particularly relative to each adjacent layer. A 90° rotation may be related to the state on the product support system. However, after the springs are placed on the product support system, more specifically, after these springs are placed on the receiving level, for example, after they are separated from the receiving level, they may be at different angles relative to the springs in other layers.

[0017] The receiving level portion can be configured to receive springs of a plurality of layers having at least two different orientations. The spring in the first orientation can be rotated by 90° with respect to the spring in the second orientation.

[0018] The receiving level portion can include a plurality of pins.

[0019] The pins can be arranged along a rectangular grid. In particular, the grid can be formed by lines parallel to the springs of the plurality of layers, such as the longitudinal axis of the spring.

[0020] These pins can be arranged substantially equidistantly along the grid by a grid step. The grid step can be defined as the distance between adjacent pins parallel to the edge of the grid.

[0021] The grid step can have a length of 100% to 160%, preferably 110% to 140% of the step length of the spring in a substantially un-energized state.

[0022] The distance between adjacent pins in the first direction parallel to the orientation of the spring in the first layer can be made larger than the step of the spring in the first layer, preferably at least 20% larger than the step of the spring in the first layer, and more preferably at least 30% larger than the step of the spring in the first layer.

[0023] [[ID=2�]]The steps of the springs of the plurality of layers can be substantially the same, and the distance between adjacent pins in the second direction parallel to the orientation of the spring in the second layer rotated by 90° with respect to the first layer is larger than the step of the spring in the second layer, preferably at least 20% larger than the step of the spring in the second layer, and more preferably at least 30% larger than the step of the spring in the second layer.

[0024] The grid step can be larger than the spring step, preferably at least 20% larger than the spring step, more preferably at least 30% larger than the spring step.

[0025] The receiving level portion can have dimensions of at least 750 mm × 750 mm, preferably at least 1000 mm × 1000 mm, more preferably at least 1250 mm × 1250 mm, such as 1500 mm × 1500 mm.

[0026] The grid step can be 9 mm to 20 mm, particularly about 15 mm.

[0027] The pin has at least one of several conical and substantially round heads.

[0028] The pins arranged along at least two columns of the grid can have dome-shaped bolt heads such as button heads, round bolt heads or oval bolt heads. In other words, the pins arranged along at least two columns can have round tops.

[0029] The pin can have a threaded portion. The receiving level portion can further have a plurality of threaded holes for receiving the pins.

[0030] The product support system can further include a separation component configured to separate a plurality of springs from the receiving level portion.

[0031] The separation component can have a mesh. In particular, the separation component can be configured to move the mesh away from the receiving level portion and thus separate a plurality of coils from the pins. The mesh can be, for example, a wire frame.

[0032] The mesh may have holes. Each pin can be located within the projection plane of the hole on the receiving level. That is, in the retracted position, the pin is located inside the hole. In the extended position, the mesh may extend further from the receiving level than the upper end of the pin.

[0033] The spring application system can be configured to apply multiple springs to the product support system.

[0034] The spring application system can be configured to apply multiple springs to the product support system in an extended state, preferably at least 20%, and more preferably at least 30%, of the unbiased state.

[0035] The spring application system may comprise a feed system and at least one application component.

[0036] The feeding system may comprise at least one tube configured to receive the springs of a plurality of springs. The tube can connect at least one application component to an inlet and at least one of the storage components, such as a tray.

[0037] The system may include a compressed air supply source. The feeding system can be configured to move the spring along the pipe using compressed air.

[0038] At least one of the inlet and storage components may be positioned above at least one application component. The feeding system may include a section in which a spring is moved by gravity.

[0039] At least one application component may comprise at least one or more guide elements.

[0040] The spring application system may include a drive system.

[0041] The control system can be configured to control the drive system.

[0042] The system, particularly the drive system, can be configured to rotate the receiving level section and the spring application system by at least 90° relative to each other.

[0043] The system, in particular the drive system, can be configured to move at least one application component and a receiving level portion relative to each other along an axis substantially perpendicular to the receiving level portion.

[0044] The system, in particular the drive system, can be configured to move at least one application component and a receiving level portion relative to each other along at least one axis parallel to the receiving level portion.

[0045] The system may further include trimming components.

[0046] The trimming component can be configured to trim the edges of multiple layers of springs.

[0047] The trimming component may comprise at least one blade. The system can be configured to trim the edges of multiple layers of springs with at least one blade.

[0048] The edges can be straight. However, the edges can have other shapes, such as curved shapes. Therefore, it is possible to obtain products with curved shapes such as elliptical or circular shapes, which may be advantageous at will.

[0049] The blade can be a straight blade, for example, to obtain a product with a straight edge. However, the blade can have a different shape, such as a curved shape, to obtain an elliptical or circular product.

[0050] At least one application component may comprise at least one or more shaped wheels. The shaped wheels may have teeth and / or forks around them.

[0051] At least one irregularly shaped wheel can be at least one sprocket.

[0052] The teeth of a non-standard wheel may have a recess that points towards the center of each tooth.

[0053] A deformed wheel can consist of multiple deformed wheels. Multiple deformed wheels can be arranged as rollers with several sets of teeth / forks, each positioned around the periphery of the roller.

[0054] Adjacent wheels among multiple wheels can be spaced apart by the same distance that adjacent pins are separated from each other, particularly by grid steps.

[0055] The drive system can be configured to rotate irregularly shaped wheels.

[0056] The irregularly shaped wheel can be configured to transport a spring. In other words, the irregularly shaped wheel can be configured to apply force to the spring, particularly by direct contact.

[0057] The irregularly shaped wheel can be configured to apply a force having a component substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and / or line of the spring, for example, a force directed toward the receiving level.

[0058] The guide element may include multiple side support elements on the sides of the irregularly shaped wheel around the irregularly shaped wheel.

[0059] At least one of the multiple side support elements can be configured to separate adjacent irregularly shaped wheels from each other.

[0060] At least one tube can be configured to provide a spring to at least one irregularly shaped wheel.

[0061] At least one tube can be multiple tubes. Each tube can be configured to provide a spring to one of several irregularly shaped wheels.

[0062] One or more guide elements may comprise at least one or more tube guide elements configured to guide a spring from at least one tube to at least one irregularly shaped wheel.

[0063] The pipe guide elements may consist of at least one or more pipe guide elements. Each of the pipe guide elements may be configured to guide a spring from at least one of the pipes to one of the irregularly shaped wheels.

[0064] At least one tube can be positioned at an angle of 15° to 45° with respect to the receiving level, preferably at an angle of 25° to 35°, and more preferably at an angle of about 30° with respect to the receiving level.

[0065] One or more irregularly shaped wheels may have a pitch, particularly a circular pitch. The pitch may be similar, for example, to the pitch of a rack for a pinion.

[0066] The pitch of one or more irregularly shaped wheels can be substantially equal to the grid step.

[0067] The pitch can be greater than the spring step, preferably at least 20% greater, and more preferably at least 30% greater.

[0068] One or more irregularly shaped wheels may have substantially the same pitch.

[0069] The application system may include a synchronization system configured to apply force and / or torque to a received spring in the opposite direction to the feed direction in order to stretch a portion of the received coil.

[0070] The synchronization system may be configured to apply force and / or torque to a receiving spring by at least one friction brake configured to apply torque to one or more irregularly shaped wheels.

[0071] The synchronization system can be configured to control the drive system to apply force and / or torque to the receiving spring by one or more irregularly shaped wheels.

[0072] The drive system may include at least one electric motor configured to rotate one or more irregularly shaped wheels.

[0073] The drive system can be configured to control the rotational position of at least one electric motor.

[0074] At least one electric motor can be configured for position control. For example, at least one electric motor is at least one stepper motor.

[0075] At least one application component may include a screw, in particular a translational screw.

[0076] The drive system can be configured to rotate a screw.

[0077] The guide element may comprise at least two screw guide elements.

[0078] The drive system can be configured to move at least two screw guide elements.

[0079] The screw guide element can be configured to be positioned in a closed configuration and an open configuration. In a closed configuration, the screw guide element can substantially enclose a portion of the screw and form a clearance with the screw. In other words, a volume can be defined between the screw guide element and the screw along at least one length of the screw guide element and the screw.

[0080] The clearance can be of sufficient dimensions to accommodate the spring and, furthermore, ensure contact between the spring, the screw, and at least two screw guide elements. In other words, in a closed configuration, the screw guide elements can force the spring against the screw.

[0081] The screw and screw guide element can be configured to move a spring axially along the screw from a first end of the screw to a second end of the screw opposite the first end.

[0082] The first end of the screw may have a conical shape.

[0083] The screw may have a profile in a cross-section along the length of the screw. The profile may have a generally toothed shape. The generally toothed shape may include a first relief face adjacent to the first end of the screw and a second relief face adjacent to the second end of the screw.

[0084] The first relief surface may have an angle α of 30° to 55°, preferably 35° to 50°, such as approximately 45° with respect to the axis perpendicular to the length of the screw.

[0085] The second relief surface may have an angle β of 10° to 30°, particularly 15° to 25°, with respect to an axis perpendicular to the length of the screw.

[0086] A screw may have a friction element placed within the threads of the screw.

[0087] In other words, the friction element can be positioned along the screw, that is, along the line of minimum diameter defined by the minimum diameter zone in the screw's profile.

[0088] The friction element can be made from at least one of polymers, metals, and ceramics.

[0089] The friction element may include, for example, at least one of a roughened metal surface, sandpaper, and diamond paper on metal. The above options can, to the advantage of any choice, provide increased resistance to wear.

[0090] The friction element may have a higher coefficient of friction compared to the rest of the screw threads.

[0091] The grid step and lead of the screw can be substantially identical.

[0092] The screw may have a length greater than at least one outer edge of the grid, and in particular greater than all four outer edges of the grid.

[0093] At least two screw guide elements can be at least two movable shields.

[0094] In the closed configuration, at least two screw guide elements surround an area of ​​110° to 70°, preferably 100° to 80°, and more preferably about 90°.

[0095] The system can be configured to move at least two screw guide elements, particularly at least one of the at least two screw guide elements, linearly, and thus to position them in an open configuration and a closed configuration.

[0096] The system may include a first sensor configured to detect the presence of a spring next to the first end of the screw.

[0097] The system may include a second sensor configured to detect the presence of a spring next to the second end of the screw.

[0098] The system may have multiple springs.

[0099] The screw may be longer than the length of the spring, and in particular, longer than the length of the spring when held by the screw. In other words, the screw may be longer than the length of the spring when extended.

[0100] The spring, in a substantially unbiased state, may have an outer diameter of 5mm to 20mm, preferably 8mm to 15mm, and more preferably 10mm to 12mm.

[0101] Springs can be made from wood, or at least partially from woody plants.

[0102] Furthermore, methods and computer program products are also disclosed. The advantages and details discussed with respect to this system may also apply to the methods, as with the computer program products.

[0103] In a second embodiment, a method is disclosed. This method comprises providing a plurality of springs, arranging a first plurality of springs in a first layer, and arranging a second plurality of springs in a second layer on top of the springs in the first layer. The plurality of springs may comprise the first plurality of springs and the second plurality of springs.

[0104] Multiple springs in each layer can be substantially parallel. The springs in the first layer are rotated 60° to 120°, preferably about 70° to 110°, and more preferably 80° to 100° relative to the springs in the second layer.

[0105] Several layer planes, defined by several layers, can be substantially parallel to one another.

[0106] In another embodiment, the method may include providing a plurality of springs, arranging a first plurality of springs in a first layer, arranging a second plurality of springs in a second layer on top of the springs in the first layer, and arranging a third plurality of springs in a third layer on top of the second layer, wherein the plurality of springs in each layer are substantially parallel. The springs in the first layer are rotated 85° to 95°, such as 80° to 100°, particularly 90°, relative to the springs in the second layer. The springs in the second layer may also be rotated 85° to 95°, such as 80° to 100°, particularly 90°, relative to the springs in the third layer.

[0107] In particular, several layer planes defined by multiple layers can be substantially parallel to one another.

[0108] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the angular ranges described above in relation to the present art may relate to the state of the springs after the multiple layers of springs have been arranged and / or to the end of the present method.

[0109] In the above embodiment, the plurality of springs may include a first plurality of springs, a second plurality of springs, and a third plurality of springs.

[0110] This method may involve arranging the spring on the receiving level, particularly on multiple pins.

[0111] The acceptance level section can follow the acceptance level section discussed in relation to the system.

[0112] The pins may be arranged along a rectangular grid. Arranging the first plurality of springs may involve arranging the first plurality of springs in rows of pins on a grid that are separated by at least one pin, in particular by one row of pins.

[0113] Arranging a third set of springs may involve arranging the third set of springs on several pins of the grid, with adjacent springs in each pair of the third layer spaced by at least one pin, in particular by one row of pins.

[0114] In a projection plane perpendicular to the layer plane, the springs of the first layer and the springs of the third layer can be arranged alternately.

[0115] In a projection plane perpendicular to the layer plane, the shortest distance between adjacent springs in the first layer and the third layer differs from the shortest distance between adjacent springs in the second layer by up to 30%, preferably up to 20%, more preferably up to 10%, and most preferably up to 5%.

[0116] This method may include arranging a first set of springs on a receiving level section, then rotating the receiving level section by 90° relative to the spring application system, and arranging a second set of springs on the receiving level section.

[0117] Furthermore, this method may include arranging a first set of springs on a receiving level section, then rotating the receiving level section by 90° relative to the spring application system, arranging a second set of springs on the receiving level section, then rotating the receiving level section by 90° relative to the spring application system, and arranging a third set of springs.

[0118] This 90° rotation may be related to the state on the product support system and / or during the execution of the method. However, if the spring is not positioned on the product support system, for example, after it has been separated from the product support system and / or after the step of positioning the spring on the receiving level section has been performed, it may take a different angle relative to the springs of other layers.

[0119] This method may include rotating the receiving level portion relative to the rest of the system. The method may optionally omit rotating the spring application system relative to the rest of the system.

[0120] The placement of the spring may involve pressing the spring against the pin in the receiving level section.

[0121] Arranging multiple springs may involve arranging these springs in an extended state in each layer. The springs can preferably be stretched by at least 20% from their unbiased state, and more preferably by at least 30%.

[0122] This method may include using the system described above. For example, this method may include using a system according to an embodiment that includes a screw.

[0123] Arranging multiple springs in their respective layers may involve moving the screw in a direction parallel to the layer plane and substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the spring in each layer.

[0124] Pressing the spring onto the pin may involve moving the screw toward the receiving level in a direction substantially perpendicular to the layer plane.

[0125] Furthermore, this method may include using a system according to an embodiment that includes a non-standard wheel.

[0126] The step of arranging each of the multiple springs in its respective layer may include a step of moving the receiving level portion in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the spring in each layer.

[0127] Pressing the spring on the pin may cause the irregularly shaped wheel to rotate.

[0128] The rotation axis of the irregularly shaped wheel is substantially perpendicular to the movement of the receiving level portion in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the spring in each layer.

[0129] This method may, in particular, involve separating multiple layers of springs from the receiving level portion without separating the multiple layers of springs from each other.

[0130] This method may include separating the layer from the receiving level portion using a separation component.

[0131] This method may involve separating the layer from the receiving level by moving the mesh away from the receiving level.

[0132] This method may involve obtaining a spring mat.

[0133] This method may include trimming the edges of the mat.

[0134] The spring, in a substantially unbiased state, may have an outer diameter of 5mm to 20mm, preferably 8mm to 15mm, and more preferably 10mm to 12mm.

[0135] The spring, in a substantially unbiased state, has a length of 150 mm to 1500 mm, preferably 200 mm to 1000 mm, and in a substantially unbiased state, may particularly have a length of 200 mm to 900 mm.

[0136] The spring, or more specifically the coiled portion of the spring, may have a substantially rectangular cross-section.

[0137] Each spring may comprise a flexible strip of material wound around its longitudinal axis.

[0138] Flexible strips can have widths ranging from 1 mm to 20 mm, and especially from 2 mm to 7 mm.

[0139] The spring may have substantially the same steps when it is substantially unbiased.

[0140] The step of the spring when it is not substantially biased can be 5mm to 15mm, preferably 7 to 12mm, and more preferably 8 to 10mm.

[0141] Springs can be manufactured substantially from wood and / or at least partially from woody plants, such as bamboo, willow, rattan, reed, sedge, and dried palm leaves.

[0142] This method may involve using the system in accordance with any of the disclosed embodiments of the system.

[0143] The control system can be configured to control the system, in particular the drive system, in order to carry out the Method in accordance with any of the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0144] In a third embodiment, a product is disclosed. The product comprises a plurality of springs in at least two layers, each layer comprising a plurality of substantially parallel springs. The springs of the second layer may be positioned on top of the springs of the first layer. The springs of the first layer may be rotated 60° to 120°, preferably about 70° to 110°, and more preferably 80° to 100° relative to the springs of the second layer.

[0145] Furthermore, the product may comprise at least three layers of springs, each layer comprising a plurality of substantially parallel springs. The springs of the second layer may be positioned on top of the springs of the first layer, and the springs of the third layer may be positioned on top of the second layer.

[0146] Furthermore, the spring of the first layer can be rotated 80° to 100°, especially 85° to 95°, for example 90°, relative to the spring of the second layer, and the spring of the second layer can be rotated 80° to 100°, especially 85° to 95°, for example 90°, relative to the spring of the third layer.

[0147] Optionally, and advantageously, the springs in the layers of a product having three layers can more consistently maintain an angle of approximately 90° relative to the springs in one or more adjacent layers than the springs in a second product. Furthermore, a product having three layers may have improved robustness and / or stability in their shape and the orientation of the springs relative to each other.

[0148] Optionally, and advantageously, products with two layers may be easier to manufacture. Furthermore, and advantageously, products with two layers have a lower area density than products with three layers, but still have a substantially regular shape.

[0149] In particular, the springs in different layers of a product with two layers can generally take on a rhomboid shape. In other words, the spring in the second layer can be rotated by 60° to 80° relative to the spring in the first layer.

[0150] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that a product may possess the aforementioned characteristics with respect to the angle between different layers of springs when placed, for example, on a flat surface, in an essentially unbiased state.

[0151] In a biased state, for example during the manufacturing process, these springs are positioned at different angles to one another.

[0152] Each of these springs may comprise a flexible strip of material wound spirally along the longitudinal axis of the spring. In other words, the springs, and especially their wound portions, may have a substantially rectangular cross-section.

[0153] Flexible strips can have widths of 3mm to 7mm, and especially 4mm to 6mm.

[0154] The spring may have substantially the same steps when it is substantially unbiased.

[0155] Springs can be manufactured substantially from wood and / or at least partially from woody plants.

[0156] The spring, in a substantially unbiased state, may have an outer diameter of 5mm to 20mm, preferably 8mm to 15mm, and more preferably 10mm to 12mm.

[0157] The spring, in a substantially unbiased state, has a length of 150 mm to 1500 mm, preferably 200 mm to 1000 mm, and may particularly have a length of 200 mm to 900 mm in a substantially unbiased state.

[0158] In a substantially unbiased state, the spring step can be 5mm to 15mm, preferably 7 to 12mm, and more preferably 8 to 10mm.

[0159] In some embodiments, springs in the same layer do not need to be interlaced. In particular, springs in adjacent different layers, as well as springs in the same layer, may be chosen not to be interlaced. Thus, for the advantage of choice, the product can be manufactured more easily.

[0160] Each layer's spring can be connected to at least one spring in any of the other layers.

[0161] With respect to the multiple windings of the spring in the second layer, some of these windings may be connected to the windings of the spring in the first layer, and some of these windings may be connected to the windings of the spring in the third layer.

[0162] Several layer planes, defined by multiple layers of springs, can be substantially parallel to one another.

[0163] In a projection plane perpendicular to the layer plane, the springs of the first layer and the springs of the third layer can be arranged alternately.

[0164] In a projection plane perpendicular to the layer plane, the spring of the first layer may, at will, not coincide with the longitudinal axis of the spring of the third layer.

[0165] In a projection plane perpendicular to the layer plane, each spring of the first layer may optionally not overlap with the springs of the third layer by more than 40% of the projection plane of the springs of the first layer, preferably 20% or less, and more preferably 10% or less.

[0166] In a projection plane perpendicular to the plane of the layers, the springs of the first layer may, at will, not overlap with the springs of the third layer.

[0167] In a projection plane perpendicular to the plane of the layers, in some optional embodiments, none of the windings of the multiple windings of the second layer are included in both the windings of the spring in the first layer and the windings of the spring in the third layer. In other words, in some embodiments, each single winding of the multiple windings of the second layer can correspond to a single winding of the spring in either the first or third layer.

[0168] The product can be obtained by any of the embodiments of this method.

[0169] The product can be described as a mat.

[0170] The product can be essentially a rectangular mat.

[0171] When the product is substantially unbiased, for example, when placed on a plane, the distance between the highest point of the winding of the uppermost layer spring, such as the second or third layer, and the lowest point of the adjacent winding of the lowermost layer spring, such as the first layer, may differ by at most 10%, preferably at most 5%, relative to 90% of the product's winding.

[0172] The spring may include a wood material consisting of wood and at least one of the woody parts of woody plants. The mass fraction of the wood material in the spring may be at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, and more preferably at least 90%.

[0173] Springs can be made from plywood.

[0174] The following embodiments also form part of the present invention.

[0175] System Embodiment Several embodiments of the system are described below. System embodiments are abbreviated with the letter "S" followed by a number. Whenever "system embodiment" is referred to herein, it refers to these embodiments. S1. In a system for processing multiple springs, The aforementioned system, Product support system, A system comprising a spring application system. S2. A system according to embodiment S1 of the system, wherein each spring comprises a strip of material wound spirally along the longitudinal axis of the spring. S3. A system according to embodiment S1 or S2 of the system, wherein the spring has substantially the same steps when substantially unbiased. In other words, the spring can have substantially the same distance between adjacent windings when no external forces other than gravity are applied to it, and the spring is positioned substantially horizontally. S4. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S3 of the system, comprising a control system configured to control the operation of the system, the control system comprising a data processing system. S5. The product support system comprises a receiving level section configured to receive multiple layers of springs, Each layer is equipped with multiple springs, A system according to any of the four embodiments of the system, wherein the springs in each layer are substantially parallel. S6. The system according to embodiment S5, wherein the multiple springs in each layer are rotated by an angle of 90° with respect to the springs in adjacent layers, in particular with respect to each adjacent layer. S7. The receiving level portion is configured to receive a plurality of layers of springs having at least two different orientations, wherein the springs in the first orientation are rotated by an angle of 90° relative to the springs in the second orientation, according to embodiment S4 or S5 of the system. S8. A system according to any of the system embodiments S1 to S7, having the features of system embodiment S5, wherein the receiving level portion is provided with a plurality of pins. S9. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S8 of the system, having the features of embodiments S8 and S5 of the system, wherein the pins are arranged along a rectangular grid, and in particular along a grid formed by lines parallel to multiple layers of springs, such as the longitudinal axis of the springs. S10. The pins are arranged substantially at equal intervals along the grid by grid steps, in particular the grid step is defined as the distance between adjacent pins parallel to the edge of the grid, according to embodiment S9 of the system. S11. The system according to embodiment S10 of the system, wherein the grid step has a length of 100% to 160%, preferably 110% to 140%, of the length of the spring step in a substantially unbiased state. S12. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S11 of the system, having the features of embodiment S3 of the system, wherein the distance between adjacent pins in a first direction parallel to the orientation of the spring in the first layer is greater than the step of the spring in the first layer, preferably at least 20% greater than the step of the spring in the layer, and more preferably at least 30% greater than the step of the spring in the layer. S13. The system according to embodiment S12 of the system, wherein the steps of the plurality of springs in the layer are substantially identical, and the distance between adjacent pins in a second direction parallel to the orientation of the springs in the second layer rotated 90° with respect to the first layer is greater than the steps of the springs in the second layer, preferably at least 20% greater than the steps of the springs in the second layer, and more preferably at least 30% greater than the steps of the springs in the second layer. S14. A system according to any of the system embodiments S1 to S13, having the features of system embodiments S3 and S10, wherein the grid step is larger than the spring step, preferably at least 20% larger than the spring step, and more preferably at least 30% larger than the spring step. A system according to any of the system embodiments S1 to S14, having the features of system embodiment S5, wherein the receiving level section has dimensions of at least 750 mm x 750 mm, preferably at least 1000 mm x 1000 mm, and more preferably at least 1250 mm x 1250 mm, such as 1500 mm x 1500 mm. S16. A system according to any of the system embodiments S1 to S15, having the features of system embodiment S10, wherein the grid step is 9 mm to 20 mm, particularly about 15 mm. S17. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S16 of the system, having the features of the embodiment S8 of the system, wherein the pin has at least one conical and substantially round head. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S16 of the system, having the features of embodiments S8 and S9 of the system, wherein the pins arranged along at least two rows of the grid have domed bolt heads such as button heads, round bolt heads or elliptical bolt heads. In other words, in this embodiment, the pins arranged along at least two rows have rounded tops. S19. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S18 of the system, having the features of embodiment S8 of the system, wherein the pin has a threaded portion, and the receiving level portion further comprises a plurality of threaded holes for receiving the pin. S20. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S19 of the system, wherein the product support system further comprises a separation component configured to separate the plurality of springs from the receiving level portion, having the features of embodiment S5 of the system. S21. The separation component comprises a mesh, and in particular, the separation component is configured to move the mesh away from the receiving level portion, thereby separating the multiple coils from the pin, according to embodiment S20 of the system. S22. A system according to embodiment S21 of the system, which has the features of embodiment S8 of the system, wherein the mesh is provided with holes, and each pin is located within the projection plane of the holes on the receiving level portion. S23. A spring application system is configured to apply multiple springs to a product support system, and is a system according to any of the embodiments of the system S1 to S22, particularly having the features of embodiment S5 of the system. S24. The system according to embodiment S23 of the system, wherein the spring application system is configured to apply the plurality of springs to the product support system in an extended state, preferably at least 20% extended compared to the unbiased state, and more preferably at least 30% extended. S25. The spring application system is a system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S24 of the system, comprising a feed system and at least one application component. S26. The feeding system comprises at least one tube configured to receive the springs of a plurality of springs, in particular the tube connecting at least one application component to at least one storage component such as an inlet and a tray, according to embodiment S25 of the system. S27. A system according to embodiment S26 of the system, which is equipped with a compressed air supply source, and the feeding system is configured to move a spring along a pipe by compressed air. S28. A system according to embodiment S26 or S27 of the system, wherein at least one of the inlet and storage device components is located above the at least one application component, and the feed system includes a section in which the spring is moved by gravity. S29. A system according to any of the system embodiments S1 to S28, having the features of system embodiment S25, wherein at least one application component comprises at least one or more guide elements. S30. A system according to any of the system embodiments S1 to S29, wherein the spring application system is equipped with a drive system and has the features of system embodiment S25. S31. A system according to embodiment S30 of the system, having the features of embodiment S4 of the system, wherein the control system is configured to control the drive system. S32. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S31 of the system, having the features of embodiment S5 of the system, particularly the features of S30, wherein the system, in particular the drive system, is configured to rotate the receiving level section and the spring application system by an angle of at least 90° relative to each other. S33. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S32 of the system, having the features of embodiments S5 and S25 of the system, and in particular the features of embodiment S30 of the system, wherein the system, in particular the drive system, is configured to move at least one application component and a receiving level portion relative to each other along an axis substantially perpendicular to the receiving level portion. S34. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S33 of the system, having the features of embodiments S5 and S25 of the system, and in particular the features of embodiment S30 of the system, wherein the system, in particular the drive system, is configured to move at least one application component and a receiving level portion relative to each other along at least one axis parallel to the receiving level portion. S35. The system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S34 of the system, further comprising a trimming component. S36. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S35 of the system, having the features of embodiment S5 of the system, wherein the trimming component is configured to trim the edges of multiple layers of springs. S37. A system according to embodiment S35 or S36 of the system, wherein the trimming component comprises at least one blade, and the system is configured to trim the edges of the multiple layers of springs with the at least one blade. S38. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S37 of the system, having the features of the embodiment S25 of the system, wherein at least one application component comprises at least one or more deformed wheels, and the deformed wheels are provided with teeth and / or forks around the deformed wheels. S39. The system according to embodiment S38, wherein the at least one irregularly shaped wheel is at least one sprocket. S40. A system according to embodiment S38 or S39, wherein the teeth of the irregularly shaped wheel have recesses that extend toward the middle of each tooth. S41. A system according to any of the system embodiments S1 to S40, wherein the irregularly shaped wheels are multiple irregularly shaped wheels, and the system has the features of the system embodiment S38. S42. A system according to embodiments S1 to S41 of the system, wherein adjacent wheels among the plurality of wheels are spaced apart from each other by a distance such that adjacent pins are spaced apart from each other, in particular by the grid step. S43. A system according to any of the system embodiments S1 to S42, having the features of system embodiments S38 and S30, wherein the drive system is configured to rotate irregularly shaped wheels. S44. A system according to any of embodiments 1 to S43, having the features of embodiment S38, wherein the irregularly shaped wheel is configured to transport a spring. S45. A system according to any of embodiments 1 to S44, having the features of embodiments S38 and S29 of the system, wherein the guide element comprises a plurality of side support elements on the side of the irregularly shaped wheel surrounding the irregularly shaped wheel. S46. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S45 of the system, having the features of embodiment S41 of the system, wherein at least one of the multiple side support elements separates adjacent irregularly shaped wheels from each other. S47. A system according to embodiments S1 to S46 of the system, having the features of embodiments S76 and S38 of the system, wherein at least one tube is configured to provide a spring to at least one irregularly shaped wheel. S48. A system according to embodiment S47 of the system, having the features of embodiment S41 of the system, wherein the at least one tube is a plurality of tubes, each tube configured to provide a spring to one of a plurality of irregularly shaped wheels. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S48 of the system, having the features of embodiments S47 and S29 of the system, wherein one or more guide elements comprise at least one or more tube guide elements configured to guide a spring from at least one tube to at least one irregularly shaped wheel. S50. A system according to embodiment S49 of the system having the features of embodiment S41, wherein the one or more pipe guide elements are the plurality of pipe guide elements, and each of the pipe guide elements is configured to guide a spring from one of the pipes to one of the irregularly shaped wheels. S51. A system according to any of the system embodiments S1 to S50, having the features of system embodiments S47 and S5, wherein at least one tube is positioned at an angle of 15° to 45° with respect to the receiving level portion, preferably at an angle of 25° to 35°, and more preferably at an angle of about 30° with respect to the receiving level portion. S52. A system according to any of the system embodiments S1 to S51, having the features of system embodiment S38, particularly the features of system embodiment S24, wherein the irregularly shaped wheel has a pitch, in particular a circular pitch. S53. A system according to embodiment S52, in which the pitch of the irregularly shaped wheels is substantially equal to the grid step. S54. The pitch is greater than the step of the spring, preferably at least 20% greater, and more preferably at least 30% greater, in a system according to embodiment S52 or S53 of the system. S55. A system according to embodiments S1-S54 of the system, which has the features of embodiment S41 of the system, wherein the irregularly shaped wheels have substantially the same pitch. S56. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S55 of the system, having the features of the embodiment S25 of the system, wherein the application system includes a synchronization system configured to apply force and / or torque to a received spring in the opposite direction to the feed direction in order to stretch a portion of the received coil. S57. The system according to embodiment S56, wherein the synchronization system is configured to apply the force and / or torque to a receiving spring by at least one friction brake configured to apply torque to the irregularly shaped wheel. S58. A system according to embodiment S56 or S57 of the system, having the features of embodiment S42 of the system, wherein the synchronization system is configured to control the drive system to apply force and / or torque to a received spring by a non-standard wheel. S59. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S58 of the system, having the features of embodiment S42 of the system, wherein the drive system comprises at least one electric motor configured to rotate a non-standard wheel. S60. The above drive system is configured to control the rotational position of at least one electric motor, according to embodiment of the system S59. S61. A system according to any of the embodiments of the system S1 to S60, having the features of the embodiment of the system S58, wherein the at least one electric motor is configured for position control, for example, the at least one electric motor is at least one stepper motor. S62. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S61 of the system, having the features of the embodiment S25 of the system, wherein at least one application component comprises a screw, in particular a translational screw. S63. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S62 of the system, having the features of the embodiment S30 of the system, wherein the drive system is configured to rotate the screw. S64. A system in embodiment S62 or S63 of the system having the features of embodiment S29 of the system, wherein the at least one or more guide elements comprises at least two screw guide elements. S65. The drive system is configured to move at least two screw guide elements, in a system according to an embodiment of the system S64, having the features of the embodiment of the system S30. S66. The screw guide element is configured to be positioned in a closed configuration and an open configuration. In the closed configuration, the screw guide element substantially surrounds a portion of the screw and forms a clearance together with the screw. The clearance is (a) Sufficient to accommodate the spring, (b) A system in embodiment S64 or S65 of the system having dimensions that ensure contact between the spring, the screw, and at least two screw guide elements. A system according to embodiments S1 to S66 of the system, having the features of embodiment S62, wherein the screw and screw guide element are configured to move a spring axially along the screw from a first end of the screw to a second end of the screw opposite the first end. S68. The system in embodiment S67, wherein the first end of the screw has a conical shape. S69. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S68 of the system, wherein the screw has a profile in a cross-section along the length of the screw, the profile has a generally toothed shape, and the generally toothed shape has a first relief surface adjacent to the first end of the screw and a second relief surface adjacent to the second end of the screw, having the features of embodiment S67 of the system. S70. A system according to embodiment S69 of the system, wherein the first relief surface has an angle α of 30° to 55°, preferably 35° to 50°, such as approximately 45° with respect to an axis perpendicular to the length of the screw. S71. A system according to embodiment S69 or S70, wherein the second relief surface has an angle β of 10° to 30°, particularly 15° to 25°, with respect to an axis perpendicular to the length of the screw. S72. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S71 of the system, having the features of embodiment S62 of the system, wherein the screw comprises a friction element placed in the thread portion of the screw. In other words, the friction element can be positioned along the screw, that is, along the line of minimum diameter defined by the minimum diameter zone in the screw's profile. S73. A system according to embodiment S72 of the system, wherein the friction element is made of at least one of polymer, metal, and ceramic. S74. A system according to embodiment S72 or S73, wherein the friction element has a higher coefficient of friction compared to the rest of the screw threads. S75. A system according to any of the system embodiments S1 to S74, having the features of system embodiments S62 and S10, wherein the grid step and screw lead are substantially identical. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S75 of the system, having the features of embodiments S62 and S8 of the system, wherein the screw has a length greater than at least one outer edge of the grid, in particular greater than all four outer edges of the grid. S77. A system according to any of the embodiments of the system S1 to S76, having the features of the embodiment of the system S64, wherein the at least two screw guide elements are at least two movable shields. S78. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S77 of the system, having the features of embodiment S64 of the system, wherein in a closed configuration, at least two screw guide elements surround an angle of 110° to 70°, preferably 100° to 80°, and more preferably about 90°. S79. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S78 of the system, having the features of embodiment S64 of the system, wherein the system is configured to move linearly at least two screw guide elements, in particular at least one of the at least two screw guide elements, so as to be in an open configuration and a closed configuration. S80. A system according to embodiments S1-S79 of the system, having the features of embodiment S67 of the system, wherein the system comprises a first sensor configured to sense the presence of a spring next to the first end of a screw. S81. A system according to embodiments S1-S80 of the system, having the features of embodiment S67 of the system, wherein the system comprises a second sensor configured to sense the presence of a spring next to the second end of the screw. S82. The system is a system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S81 of the system, comprising the plurality of springs. S83. A system according to embodiments S1 to S82 of the system, having the features of embodiment S75 of the system, wherein the screw has a length longer than the length of the spring, in particular a length greater than the length of the spring when held by the screw. In other words, the screw can have a length greater than the length of the extended spring. S84. A system according to any of the system embodiments S1 to S83, wherein the spring, in a substantially unforced state, has an outer diameter of 5mm to 20mm, preferably 8mm to 15mm, and more preferably 10mm to 12mm. S85. A system according to any of the embodiments S1 to S84 of the system, wherein the spring is made of wood or at least partially of a woody plant.

[0176] Embodiment of the Method Embodiments of the method are described below. Embodiments of the method are abbreviated by the letter "M" followed by a number. Whenever "method embodiment" is referred to herein, it means these embodiments. In method M1, The aforementioned method, By providing multiple springs, The first set of springs are arranged in the first layer, A method comprising arranging a second plurality of springs in the springs of a first layer, wherein the plurality of springs in each layer are substantially parallel, and the springs in the first layer are rotated by 60° to 120°, preferably about 70° to 110°, more preferably 80° to 100°, relative to the springs in the second layer, and in particular, several layer planes defined by the plurality of layers are substantially parallel to each other, arranged within the second layer. In method M2, The aforementioned method, By providing multiple springs, The first set of springs are arranged in the first layer, The method comprises arranging a second set of springs on a second layer of springs on a first layer, The springs of each layer are substantially parallel, the spring of the first layer is rotated 80° to 100°, especially 85° to 95°, for example 90° relative to the spring of the second layer, and the spring of the second layer is rotated 80° to 100°, especially 85° to 95°, for example 90° relative to the spring of the third layer, in particular, several layer planes defined by multiple layers are substantially parallel to each other, in this method. M3. The method according to embodiment M1 or M2 of the method, wherein the spring is placed on the receiving level portion, in particular on a plurality of pins. M4. The receiving level portion is a method according to embodiment M3 of the method, which is an embodiment of the system S5 or any of the embodiments thereof. A method according to any of embodiments M1 to M4 of the method, having the features of embodiment M3 of the method, wherein the pins are arranged along a rectangular grid, and the arrangement of the first plurality of springs comprises arranging the first plurality of springs on a row of pins in a grid that is separated by at least one pin, in particular one row of pins. M6. A method according to embodiment M5 of the method, which features the characteristics of embodiment M2 of the method, wherein the arrangement of a third plurality of springs comprises arranging the third plurality of springs on some pins of a grid and spacing out adjacent springs in each pair of the third layer by at least one pin, in particular one, of a row pin. M7. A method according to embodiment M5 or M6 of the method, wherein the springs of the first layer and the springs of the third layer are arranged alternately in a projection plane perpendicular to the layer plane. M8. An embodiment of any of embodiments M1 to M7 of the method having the features of embodiment M2 of the method, wherein, in a projection plane perpendicular to the layer plane, the shortest distance between adjacent springs of the first layer and the third layer differs from the shortest distance between adjacent springs of the second layer by at most 30%, preferably at most 20%, more preferably at most 10%, and more preferably at most 5%. M9. The method comprises using a system according to any of the system embodiments S1 to S85 having the features of system embodiment S5, The aforementioned method, The first plurality of springs are arranged in the receiving level portion, Next, rotate the receiving level part 90° relative to the spring application system, A method according to any of embodiments M1 to M7 of the method, comprising arranging a second plurality of springs in the receiving level portion. M10. The method comprises using a system according to any of the system embodiments S1 to S85, which has the features of system embodiment S5. The aforementioned method, The first plurality of springs are arranged in the receiving level portion, Next, rotate the receiving level part 90° relative to the spring application system, The second set of springs is arranged in the receiving level section, Next, rotate the receiving level part 90° relative to the spring application system, A method according to any of embodiments M1 to M10 of the method, having the features of embodiment M2 of the method, further comprising arranging a third plurality of springs. M11. A method according to embodiment M9 or M10 of the method, wherein the method comprises rotating the receiving level portion relative to the remainder of the system, and the method does not comprise rotating the spring application system relative to the remainder of the system. M12. The method according to any of embodiments M1 to M11 of the method, wherein the method is to be used in a system having the features of embodiment S8 of the system, and the arrangement of the plurality of springs comprises pressing the springs onto the pins of the receiving level portion. M13. A method according to any of the embodiments M1 to M12 of the method, comprising arranging a plurality of springs, wherein these springs are arranged in an extended state in each layer, and the springs are preferably stretched by at least 20% relative to their unbiased state, and more preferably by at least 30%. M14. The method according to any of the embodiments M1 to M13 of the method, comprising using a system having the features of embodiment S62 of the system, wherein the arrangement of each of the multiple springs in each of the layers comprises moving the screw in a direction parallel to the layer plane and substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the springs in each of the layers. M15. The present method is a method according to any of embodiments M1 to M14 of the method, comprising using a system having the features of embodiment S62 of the system, wherein pressing the spring onto the pin involves moving the screw toward the receiving level portion in a direction substantially perpendicular to the layer plane. M16. A method according to any of the embodiments M1 to M15 of the method, wherein the method uses a system having the features of embodiment S38 of the system, wherein the arrangement of multiple springs in each layer is provided, and the receiving level portion is moved in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the spring in each layer. M17. The method according to any of embodiments M1 to M16 of the method, comprising using a system having the features of embodiment S38 of the system, wherein pressing a spring onto a pin rotates a deformed wheel, and comprising the features of embodiment M12 of the method. M18. The method according to embodiments M16 and 17 of the method, wherein the rotation axis of the irregularly shaped wheel is substantially perpendicular to the movement of the receiving level portion in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the spring in each layer. M19. The present method is a method according to any of embodiments M1 to M18 of the method, characterized in that the method is particularly characterized by separating the multiple layers of springs from the receiving level portion without separating the multiple layers of springs from each other, as described in embodiment M3 of the method. M20. A method according to embodiment M19 of the method, wherein the method comprises using a system according to embodiment S20 of the system, and the method comprises separating the layer from the receiving level portion by the separating component. M21. A method according to embodiment M20 of the method having the features of embodiment S21 of the system, wherein the method comprises separating the layer from the receiving level portion by moving the mesh away from the receiving level portion. M22. The method according to embodiment M21 of the method, comprising obtaining a spring mat. M23. The present method is an embodiment of the method according to M22, which includes trimming the edges of the mat. M24. The present method is a method according to embodiment M23 of the method, comprising using the system according to embodiment S35 of the system. M25. A method according to any of the embodiments M1 to M24 of the method, wherein the spring, in a substantially unbiased state, has an outer diameter of 5 mm to 20 mm, preferably 8 mm to 15 mm, and more preferably 10 mm to 12 mm. M26. A method according to any of the embodiments M1 to M25 of the method, wherein the spring has a length of 150 mm to 1500 mm, preferably 200 mm to 1000 mm, when substantially unbiased, and has a length of 200 mm to 900 mm when substantially unbiased. M27. A method according to any of the embodiments M1 to M26 of the method, wherein the spring has a substantially rectangular cross-section. M28. A method according to any of the embodiments M1 to M27 of the method, wherein each spring comprises a flexible strip of material wound around the longitudinal axis of the spring. M29. The method according to embodiment M28, wherein the flexible strip has a width of 1 mm to 20 mm, particularly 2 mm to 7 mm. M30. A method according to any of the embodiments M1 to M29 of the method, wherein the spring has substantially the same steps when substantially unbiased. M31. A method according to embodiment M30, wherein the step of the spring in a substantially unbiased state is between 5 mm and 15 mm, preferably 7 to 12 mm, and more preferably 8 to 10 mm. M32. A method according to any embodiment of the method M1 to M31, wherein the spring is substantially made from wood and / or at least partially from woody plants. M33. A method according to any of the embodiments M1 to M32 of the method, wherein the method comprises using a system according to the embodiments S1 to S85 of the system. S86. A system according to the system embodiments S1 to S85, comprising the features of the system embodiments S4 and S30, wherein the control system is configured to control the system, in particular the drive system, and the method according to any of the methods embodiments M1 to M33 is carried out.

[0177] Product Embodiment The following describes embodiments of the product. These embodiments are abbreviated with the letter "P" followed by a number. Whenever "product embodiment" is referred to herein, it means these embodiments. P1. In a product comprising multiple springs of at least two layers, each layer being substantially parallel to the others, The second layer of springs is placed on top of the first layer of springs. The product is such that the spring of the first layer is rotated 60° to 120°, preferably about 70° to 110°, and more preferably 80° to 100° relative to the spring of the second layer. P2. A product comprising at least three layers of springs, each layer comprising substantially parallel springs, wherein the springs of the second layer are positioned on the springs of the first layer, and the springs of the third layer are positioned on the second layer, and the springs of the first layer are rotated 80° to 100°, particularly 85° to 95°, for example 90°, relative to the springs of the second layer, and the springs of the second layer are rotated 80° to 100°, particularly 85° to 95°, for example 90°, relative to the springs of the third layer. P3. A product according to embodiment P1 or P2, wherein each spring comprises a flexible strip of material wound spirally along the longitudinal axis of the spring. In other words, a spring can have a substantially rectangular cross-section. P4. The product according to embodiment P3, wherein the flexible strip has a width of 3 mm to 7 mm, particularly 4 mm to 6 mm. P5. A product according to any of the embodiments P1 to P4 of the product, wherein the spring has substantially the same steps when substantially unbiased. P6. The product according to any of the embodiments P1 to P5, wherein the spring is substantially made from wood and / or at least partially from woody plants. P7. The product according to any one of the product embodiments P1 to P6, wherein the spring, in a substantially unbiased state, has an outer diameter of 5 mm to 20 mm, preferably 8 mm to 15 mm, and more preferably 10 mm to 12 mm. P8. The product according to any one of the product embodiments P1 to P7, wherein the spring has a length of 150 mm to 1500 mm, preferably 200 mm to 1000 mm, when substantially unbiased, and has a length of 200 mm to 900 mm when substantially unbiased. P9. A method according to any of the product embodiments P1 to P8, wherein the step of the spring in a substantially unbiased state is between 5 mm and 15 mm, preferably 7 mm and 12 mm, and more preferably 8 mm and 10 mm. P10. The springs in the same layer, and especially the springs in the same layer as adjacent springs in different layers, are not interlaced, according to any of the product embodiments P1 to P9. P11. A product according to any of the product embodiments P1 to P10, wherein the springs in each layer are connected to at least one spring in another layer. P12. A product according to embodiment P10 or P11 of the product, having the features of embodiment P2 of the product, wherein some of the windings of the spring of the second layer are connected to the windings of the spring of the first layer, and some of the windings are connected to the windings of the spring of the third layer. P13. A product according to any of the embodiments P1 to P12 of the product, wherein several layer planes defined by multiple layers of springs are substantially parallel to each other. P14. A product according to embodiment P13 of the product, having the features of embodiment P2 of the product, wherein the springs of the first layer and the springs of the third layer are arranged alternately in a projection plane perpendicular to the layer plane. P15. A product according to any of the product embodiments P1 to P14, having the features of product embodiments P13 and P2, wherein, in a projection plane perpendicular to the layer plane, the spring of the first layer does not overlap with the longitudinal axis of the spring of the third layer. P16. A product according to any of the product embodiments P1 to P15, having the features of product embodiments P13 and P2, wherein, in a projection plane perpendicular to the layer plane, each spring of the first layer does not overlap with the spring of the third layer by more than 40% of the projection plane of the spring of the first layer, preferably 20% or less, and more preferably 10% or less. P17. A product according to any of the product embodiments P1 to P16, having the features of product embodiments P13 and P2, wherein in a projection plane perpendicular to the layer plane, the spring of the first layer does not overlap with the spring of the third layer. P18. Furthermore, in a projection plane perpendicular to the layer plane, the winding portions of the plurality of winding portions of the second layer are not included, which is a product according to any of the product embodiments P1 to P17 having the features of product embodiments P2, P12, and P13, which are included in both the winding portions of the spring of the first layer and the winding portions of the spring of the third layer. In other words, each single winding of the multiple windings in the second layer corresponds to a single winding of either the first or third layer spring. P19. A product according to any of the product embodiments P1 to P18, wherein the product is obtained by a method according to any of the method embodiments M1 to M85. P20. A product that is a mat, according to any of the product embodiments P1 to P20. P21. Product according to product embodiment P20, where the product is substantially a rectangular mat. P22. A product according to any of the embodiments P1 to P21 of the product, wherein, in a substantially unforced state, the distance between the uppermost point of the winding portion of the uppermost layer spring, such as the second or third layer, and the lowermost point of the adjacent winding portion of the lowermost layer spring, such as the first layer, differs by at most 10%, preferably at most 5%, relative to 90% of the winding portion of the product. P23. A product according to any of the product embodiments P1 to P22, wherein the spring comprises wood and at least one of the woody parts of woody plants, and the mass fraction of the woody material in the spring is at least 35%, preferably at least 50%, and more preferably 70%. P24. The spring is made from plywood, according to any of the product embodiments P1 to P23.

[0178] Exemplary features of the present invention will be described in more detail in the following description of the figures and drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0179] [Figure 1] Figure 1 shows different representations of the product. [Figure 2] Figure 2 shows different representations of the product. [Figure 3] Figure 3 shows different representations of the product. [Figure 4a] Figure 4a shows different representations of the product. [Figure 4b] Figure 4b shows different representations of the product. [Figure 5] Figure 5 shows a system for processing springs, particularly its applicable components. [Figure 6a] Figure 6a shows the method for producing the product. [Figure 6b] Figure 6b shows the method for producing the product. [Figure 6c] Figure 6c shows the method for producing the product. [Figure 7a] Figure 7a shows details of a system according to one embodiment, particularly of the applicable components. [Figure 7b] Figure 7b shows details of a system according to one embodiment, particularly of the applicable components. [Figure 7c] Figure 7c shows details of a system according to one embodiment, particularly of the applicable components. [Figure 8] Figure 8 shows the application components of another embodiment. [Figure 9] Figure 9 shows the application components of another embodiment. [Figure 10a] Figure 10a shows another embodiment of the method. [Figure 10b] Figure 10b shows another embodiment of the method. [Figure 10c]Figure 10c shows another embodiment of the method. [Figure 11a] Figure 11a shows another embodiment of the method. [Figure 11b] Figure 11b shows another embodiment of the method. [Figure 12a] Figure 12a shows another embodiment of the system. [Figure 12b] Figure 12b shows another embodiment of the system. [Figure 12c] Figure 12c shows another embodiment of the system. [Figure 13] Figure 13 shows another embodiment of the product. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0180] For clarity, some features may be shown in only some figures, while others may be omitted. However, there may also be omitted features, and the features illustrated and discussed do not necessarily have to be present in all embodiments.

[0181] Figure 1 shows product 10. Product 10 has external dimensions A and B in an essentially unbiased state. A product can be in an essentially unbiased state if it is placed, for example, on a horizontal surface and not biased by an external force. In the example in Figure 1, product 10 is a mat. The mat has multiple layers of springs.

[0182] Figure 2 shows a section of product 10 in more detail. As can be seen from Figure 2, product 10 comprises multiple connecting springs 20a, 20b, 20c, 22a, 22b, 24a, 24b, and 24c. Product 10 in Figure 2 consists of three layers of parallel springs. The first layer comprises springs 20a, 20b, and 20c. The second layer comprises springs 24a, 24b, and 24c. The third layer comprises springs 22a and 22b.

[0183] Figure 2 shows a projection plane perpendicular to a layer plane defined by multiple layers. The layer plane essentially contains the longitudinal axis of the springs in each layer. As seen in Figure 2, the springs in each layer are substantially parallel.

[0184] Furthermore, as can be seen in Figure 2, the springs 24a, 24b, and 24c of the second layer are rotated 90° relative to the springs 20a, 20b, and 20c of the first layer and the springs 22a and 22b of the third layer. In the example in Figure 2, these layer planes are substantially parallel.

[0185] Figure 3 shows another perspective view of product 10.

[0186] The springs of product 10 shown in Figures 1 to 4 each comprise a flexible strip-shaped material. The strip is spirally wound around the longitudinal axis of the spring. In other words, the strip contains a cylindrical helix. The wider surface of the strip faces and is away from the mid-axis of the helix.

[0187] Figures 4a and 4b show cross-sections of the product. Figure 4a shows a cross-section of product 10, with the cross-sectional plane oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the second layer spring 24d. As can be seen from the figure, the first layer springs 20d, 20e, and 20f are located below the second layer spring 24d. The second layer spring 24 is located below the third layer springs 22c, 22d, and 22e. Figure 4b shows a cross-section with the cross-sectional plane oriented parallel to the longitudinal axes of the first layer spring 20d and the third layer spring 22c. As can be seen from the figure, the second layer springs 24d, 24e, and 24f hold both the first layer spring 20d and the third layer spring 22c.

[0188] Product 10, shown in the figure, consists of connecting springs. As can be seen from the figure, the springs are not interlaced. Due to their elasticity and shape, the springs can easily form product 10. In the figure, the springs have substantially the same geometric parameters, in particular the same diameter and step. However, springs of different layers may have different lengths, especially if dimensions A and B of the product are different from each other.

[0189] In the example shown in Figure 1, the spring has an outer diameter of 10mm to 12mm when unbiased. However, those skilled in the art will readily understand that product 10 can be equally formed with smaller or larger springs.

[0190] The spring in Figure 1 is made of wood. However, these can also be made from the woody parts of woody plants, at least partially, such as bamboo, willow, rattan, reed, sedge, and even dried palm leaves.

[0191] In the example in Figure 1, the springs have a length of 200mm to 300mm when unbiased and before they have been processed to obtain the product. By the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 (International Publication No. 2022 / 101457), which is entirely incorporated herein, springs with a length of up to 900mm when unbiased can be obtained from, for example, a sheet of plywood measuring 2500mm x 1200mm.

[0192] Figure 13 shows a product 10 of another embodiment, which has only two layers. As can be seen from the figure, the product comprises a spring 20 in the first layer and a spring 24 in the second layer.

[0193] Product 10, shown in Figures 1-4b, which has three layers of parallel springs, optionally offers improved robustness compared to product 10, shown in Figure 13, which has two layers.

[0194] Furthermore, optionally advantageously, the orientation of the first layer spring relative to the second layer spring is more consistently 90° in a product with three layers than in a product with two layers. Also, optionally advantageously, the layer springs of product 10 shown in Figures 1-4b may have a smaller deviation from the parallel orientation relative to the other springs in the same layer.

[0195] Figure 5 shows a system 30 for processing springs. The system includes a receiving level section 32. The receiving level section 32 receives multiple layers of parallel springs as described above. The springs are applied to the receiving level section 32 in an extended state, in other words, in a stretched state.

[0196] System 30 comprises an application system 40. The application system 40 is configured to apply a spring to a receiving level portion 32. The application system 40 comprises an application component 42. In the example in Figure 5, the application component 42 is a sprocket. The sprocket is driven by a drive system (not shown in Figure 5).

[0197] Furthermore, the system includes at least one pipe 44 connecting the application component to a spring supply source, such as a tray or storage container.

[0198] The application component comprises at least one guide element 46. The guide element 46 in Figure 5 is a push-down blade configured to guide the spring to the application component 42. The guide element 46 in Figure 5 optionally guides the spring to the sprocket, ensuring that each tooth is connected to the winding portion of the spring. Furthermore, the guide element 46 in the figure optionally prevents the spring from falling through the tube 44 on the receiving level portion 32.

[0199] The receiving level section is equipped with multiple pins 34a, 34b. The pins 34a, 34b are arranged in a grid pattern. In the example in Figure 5, the pins are spaced apart from each other by a certain number of grid steps along both directions of the grid. The grid steps can be larger than the steps of the spring. Thus, optionally, the spring is applied to the receiving level section 32 in an extended state, and thus it is possible to apply different layers to each other.

[0200] In the example shown in Figure 5, system 30 is fitted from a machined spring with an outer diameter of 10.5 mm, a strip material width of 5 mm, and a step of 9 mm. In this example, the grid step, i.e., the shortest distance between adjacent pins, is 15 mm.

[0201] Pins 34a and 34b have spherical or generally dome-shaped heads. Each wooden spring winding is supported by a pin. However, when all springs are applied, each pin can support a different spring winding. For example, a pin can support the spring windings of the first and second layers, or the spring windings of the second and third layers.

[0202] The heads of pins 324a and 34b may be identical. However, they may also be different.

[0203] The system is configured to move the application component 40 relative to the receiving level 32 along an axis parallel to the receiving level 32 by a drive system (not shown). In the example of Figure 5, the drive system comprises a belt drive and an electric motor configured to move the receiving level 32 along the axis. However, additionally or alternatively, the drive system may comprise a ball screw, a threaded spindle, a rack and pinion, and / or a trapezoid screw configured to move the receiving level 32.

[0204] The application component 42 in Figure 5 stretches the spring by forcing its winding portion around the teeth of the sprocket. Alternatively, another shaped wheel, such as one with a fork, can be used. The shaped element of the application component 42, which is a tooth in the example of Figure 5, has a pitch greater than the step of the spring in its unbiased state. In the example of Figure 5, the pitch of the teeth is equal to the grid step. Thus, optionally advantageously, the spring is stretched so that it can be applied over the pins 34a, 34b of the receiving level portion. The system is further configured to move the application component along an axis substantially perpendicular to the receiving level portion 32 by a drive system (not shown).

[0205] Figures 6a to 6c show an exemplary method for obtaining product 10 in system 30.

[0206] An exemplary method comprises feeding the spring into tube 44. This feeding can be performed by a manual, mechanical, or pneumatic feeding system. Manual feeding is also possible.

[0207] In a subsequent step, the system lowers the application component 42 to the receiving level. The sprocket is positioned next to the receiving level 32. Thus, optionally, the vertical position of the spring applied by the application component 42 is directly above the receiving level 32.

[0208] Furthermore, the drive system, more specifically the drive components (not shown in Figures 6a-6c), moves the spring in the application component 42 forward by several turns. Therefore, optionally, the end of the spring 20a protrudes outside the application component 42. The result of this step is shown in Figure 6a.

[0209] In another step, movement along an axis parallel to the receiving level portion 32 is initiated. The spring 20a is wound around the pins 34a and 34b as the application component 42 moves along the receiving level portion. This state is shown in Figures 6b and 6c.

[0210] This synchronization system assists in the application of the spring 20a onto the pins 34a and 34b of the receiving level section. For example, a shaped wheel may be equipped with a mechanical brake that brakes the shaped wheel and thus facilitates the positioning of each winding section onto the corresponding pin.

[0211] However, in the examples of Figures 5 to 7c, the synchronous system is realized by an electric motor that applies torque or force to the irregularly shaped wheel. In the examples of Figures 6a to 6c, the drive system is configured to control the rotational position of the electric motor, and therefore, optionally, it is advantageous to facilitate the correct placement of the spring on the pin.

[0212] If the application component comprises one shaped wheel, the shaped wheel is returned and moved to another row of the receiving level section 32, and another spring is positioned, and this step is repeated until a first layer of springs 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, 20f is produced. If multiple application components 42 are used in parallel, the first layer can be completed in a single stroke. Those skilled in the art will readily understand that this can be accomplished by at least one of the receiving level section and the shaped wheel moving relative to the rest of the system.

[0213] As described above, between each spring 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, 20f of the first layer, there is a free row of pins 34a, 34b.

[0214] The receiving level section 32 is then rotated 90° relative to the application system 40. In the examples shown in Figures 6a and 6c, this is achieved by rotating the receiving level section 32 relative to the rest of the system.

[0215] The springs 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, 24f of the second layer are placed on the receiving level part 32. In contrast to the first layer, there is no free row between adjacent springs of the second layer. In the case of a plurality of application components 42, this can be achieved, for example, by two strokes.

[0216] Next, the receiving level part is rotated again 90° with respect to the application system.

[0217] The springs 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d, 22e of the third layer are applied to the receiving level part as set for the first layer.

[0218] Thus, the product 10 is obtained. However, the springs of the product 10 are still in the extended state.

[0219] The product is separated from the receiving level part 32 by a separating component (not shown). The separating component is, for example, a mesh or a wire frame. During the application of the springs, the mesh or wire frame is located between the pins. For separation, the mesh or wire frame is moved away from the receiving level part 32, thus lifting the product 10.

[0220] The wire frame can comprise metal bars. These metal bars can be arranged parallel within the frame. In such a case, the wire frame can, for example, have the shape of a grid. The metal bars can also comprise a first set of metal bars oriented parallel to each other and a second set of metal bars oriented perpendicular to the first set, thus resulting in a grid-shaped wire frame. The wire frame can also be made, for example, from a metal sheet by perforation.

[0221] The edges of the product are trimmed by a trimming component such as a blade (knife) or a saw. The blade can, for example, be integrated into a guillotine-like mechanism.

[0222] Figures 7a to 7c show an application apparatus 40 of one embodiment, comprising multiple application components 42a, 42b, 42c, and 42d. Multiple application components can be advantageous because the product 10 can be obtained with less movement along the receiving level section and therefore can be produced more quickly.

[0223] The application components 42a, 42b, 42c, and 42d are spaced approximately one grid step apart in the receiving level section 32. This allows for easy spring formation of the first and third layers.

[0224] The applicable components 42a, 42b, 42c, and 42d are irregularly shaped wheels. The guide elements 46e and 47f in Figure 7b are equipped with side support elements. The side support elements selectively and arbitrarily restrict the lateral movement of the spring relative to the irregularly shaped wheels 42a, 42b, 42c, and 42d, and thus reduce the possibility of errors during the application of the spring.

[0225] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 7b, the wheel contour has an inward-bound curved shape. The curved shape optionally facilitates the introduction of the front end of the spring into the irregularly shaped wheel. Additionally, the curved shape optionally aligns the spring within the irregularly shaped wheel.

[0226] Figure 7c further shows examples of guide elements 46, 46a, 46b, 46c, and 46d, which are pipe guide elements that connect pipes 44a, 44b, 44c, and 44d to application components 42a, 42b, 42c, and 42d.

[0227] Furthermore, Figures 7a to 7c show the drive component 48 of the drive system. The drive component 48 is implemented as an electric motor. The drive component 48 is configured to drive the application components 42a, 42b, 42c, and 42d more precisely in order to rotate the irregularly shaped wheels.

[0228] Figures 8 and 9 show another application component 42. The application component 42 includes a translation screw 52 configured to move and extend the spring 20a.

[0229] Figure 9 shows step B of spring 20a, which is equal to the distance between the starting points of the two subsequent windings of spring 20. Also shown is the pitch A of screw 52. Figure 9 shows a single-start screw. Therefore, pitch A is equal to the lead of screw 52. The lead of screw 52 is equal to the grid step of pins 34a and 34b of the receiving level section 32.

[0230] The lead of the screw 52 is greater than the step of the spring 20a in its unbiased state (not shown). Therefore, when held by the threads of the screw 52, ​​the spring 20a is stretched.

[0231] The screw has a length longer than the length of the stretched spring. Therefore, it is advantageous in any choice that the free movement of the spring end is restricted, and thus reliability may be increased.

[0232] In the examples shown in Figures 8 to 12c, the screw 52 is based on a typical screw conveyor design.

[0233] The application component 42 in Figures 8-12c is configured to transport the spring 20a from the storage device to the receiving level section 32. As described above, the spring 20a is stretched. Therefore, a pre-tension is applied to the spring 20a. Optionally, it is advantageous for the screw 52 to define uniform steps between each spring winding.

[0234] The screw 52 has a conical tip at its first end, i.e., the right end in Figure 8. Therefore, optionally advantageously, the introduction of the spring and the screw 52 is facilitated, and the system provides more reliable operation.

[0235] As shown in FIG. 9, the screw 52 has a toothed-shaped contour. In FIG. 9, the toothed-shaped contour is the contour of a triangular saw.

[0236] The first relief surface, i.e., the relief surface facing the first end of the screw 52, has an angle α of 30° to 45° with respect to the axis perpendicular to the length of the screw 52. This shape optionally and advantageously assists in the extension of the spring 20a.

[0237] The second relief surface, i.e., the relief surface facing the second end of the screw 52 opposite the first end, has an angle β of at most 10° with respect to the axis perpendicular to the length of the screw. Thus, it becomes easy to move the spring forward within the screw and inhibits the backward movement of the screw.

[0238] Furthermore, the application component 42 includes a friction element 54 wound around the screw 52 at the innermost part of the thread portion.

[0239] FIGS. 10a to 10c show a system having the application components of FIGS. 8 to 9. The application system 40 includes an application component 42 and two guide elements 46a, 46b. The guide elements 46a, 46b each include a screw guide element. The screw guide element is shown in a closed configuration in FIG. 10b.

[0240] In the closed configuration shown in FIG. 10b, the guide elements 46a, 46b, more specifically, the screw guide elements, surround a part of the screw 52 and form a clearance. The clearance in FIG. 10b accommodates the spring 20a. Furthermore, the dimensions of the clearance in FIG. 10b ensure contact between the spring 20a, the screw 52, and the guide elements 46a, 46b. Thus, optionally and advantageously, the guide elements assist in the transportation and extension of the spring 20a.

[0241] Figure 10c shows the guide elements 46a and 46b in the open configuration. In the open configuration, the spring 20a is not surrounded by the guide elements 46a and 46b and the application component 42. As can be seen from the figure, the application component 42 is moved toward the receiving level portion 32. The application component 42 presses the spring 20a against a row of pins 24a.

[0242] Optionally, the friction element 54 is held within the spring 20a in place while the spring 20a is pressed against the pin 34a, thus increasing the reliability of the system and method.

[0243] In the example shown in Figures 10a to 10c, when the spring is pressed onto the pins 34 and 34b, for example downward, the spring 20a comes into contact with the friction element 54. This pressing motion may deform the cross-section of the coil 20a. Therefore, the spring 20a can be further pressed into the screw's helix and come into contact with the friction element 54. In particular, the meandering deformation of the spring 20a in response to the pressing on the pins 34a and 34b can be optionally and advantageously mitigated. The system 30 is configured to move the application component 42 shown in Figures 8 to 12c in a direction perpendicular to the receiving level section 32. Therefore, optionally and advantageously, the spring 20a can be picked up from the storage device and / or tray.

[0244] Figures 11a and 11b show another embodiment of the method.

[0245] In the first step, the spring 20a moves to the tray and / or feed component. The tray may, for example, have an opening latch. Thus, the spring may fall through the pipe into the application system 40. The screw guide element is in a closed configuration.

[0246] A light sensor (not shown) located at the first end of the application component 42 detects the presence of the spring. The control system can cause the drive system to rotate the screw 52. The screw 52 can pull the spring 20a along the application system 40, thereby stretching the spring 20a.

[0247] Another optical sensor at the second end of the application component 42 detects the presence of the spring. The control system controls the drive system to stop the rotation of the screw 52. Here, the spring 20a is in an extended state, stretched along the application component 42. This state is shown in Figure 11a.

[0248] In another step, the application component 42 moves above the receptive level portion 32, specifically directly above the pins 34a and 34b of the receptive level portion. In the example of Figure 11a, the application component moves along an axis substantially perpendicular to the receptive level portion 32.

[0249] The guide elements 46a and 46b, which consist of screw guide elements, have an open configuration. Therefore, optionally, the spring 20a can be pushed onto the receiving level portion 32, while the application component 42 is pushed further down. Next, the spring 20a is pressed against the pins 34a and 34b.

[0250] Figure 11b shows the state after the spring 20a has been applied to the receiving level section 32, but the screw guide element is still in the open configuration.

[0251] Next, the application component 42 moves again from the receiving level section 32 toward the storage component such as the tray. Then, the next spring is supplied to the application component 42.

[0252] Repeat the above steps until the springs 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, and 20f of the first layer are in place. As described above, a row of pins 34a and 34b is left free between adjacent springs in the first layer.

[0253] After the first layer is placed on the receiving level section 32, the receiving level section 32 rotates 90° relative to the application component 42.

[0254] In the following step, the springs 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, and 24f of the second layer are added to the receiving level section 32. The application of the second layer is carried out as the application of the first layer. However, there are no free rows of pins 34a and 34b between adjacent springs 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, and 24f of the second layer.

[0255] After the second layer is placed on the receiving level portion 32, the receiving level portion 32 is again rotated 90° relative to the application component 42.

[0256] In the next step, the springs 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d, and 22e of the third layer are added to the receiving level section 32. The springs of the third layer are positioned in rows of pins 34a and 34b between the springs 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, and 20f of the first layer.

[0257] As explained with respect to Figures 6a to 6c, the product 10 is then separated from the receiving level section 32 by the separation component and trimmed.

[0258] Figures 12a, 12b, and 12c show three different views of an exemplary embodiment of the system 30. As can be seen from the figures, the receiving level portion 32 can be rotated about a substantially vertical axis. Furthermore, in the example of Figures 12a to 12c, the receiving level portion 32 is mounted on a linear bearing, and the receiving level portion can be moved relative to the application component 42 along an axis parallel to the receiving level portion and along an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the screw 52 of the application component 42.

[0259] Figures 12a to 12c show the closing configuration of the screw guide element.

[0260] In the figures, the drive components 48 of the drive system are shown in Figures 7a, 7b, and 7c. However, those skilled in the art will readily understand that other parts of the system that are moved or described to move also have connections to at least one drive component. The drive system comprises these drive components.

[0261] Furthermore, a control system is referred to. The control system includes a data processing system. The control system is configured to control the drive system. In particular, the control system is configured to control the drive components.

[0262] A data processing system may comprise one or more processing units configured to execute computer instructions (i.e., machine-readable and executable instructions) of a program. The processing units may be singular or plural. For example, a data processing system may comprise at least one of the following: CPU, GPU, DSP, APU, ASIC, ASIP, or FPGA. A data processing system may comprise memory components such as main memory (e.g., RAM), cache memory (e.g., SRAM), and / or secondary memory (e.g., HDD, SSD). A data processing system may comprise volatile and / or non-volatile memory such as SDRAM, DRAM, SRAM, flash memory, MRAM, F-RAM, or P-RAM. A data processing system may comprise an internal communication interface (e.g., a bus) configured to facilitate electronic data exchange between components of the data processing system, such as communication between memory components and processing components. A data processing system may comprise an external communication interface configured to facilitate electronic data exchange between the data processing system and devices or networks outside the data processing system. For example, a data processing system may comprise a network interface card that can be configured to connect the data processing system to a network such as the Internet. A data processing system can be configured to transfer electronic data using standardized communication protocols. A data processing system can be a centralized or distributed computing system.

[0263] The data processing system has the following user interface, namely, A screen or monitor configured to display visual data (for example, to display a graphical user interface of a questionnaire to the user), Output user interfaces such as speakers configured to transmit audio data (e.g., to play audio data to the user), A camera configured to capture visual data (such as images and / or videos of the user), A microphone configured to capture audio data (such as recording audio from the user), A keyboard configured to allow the insertion of text and / or other keyboard commands (for example, by having a user type on the keyboard, allowing the user to input text data and / or other keyboard commands), and / or User interfaces may include input user interfaces such as trackpads, mice, touchscreens, and joysticks, which are configured to facilitate navigation using various graphical user interfaces for questionnaires.

[0264] Simply put, a data processing system can be a processing unit configured to execute program instructions. A data processing system can be a system-on-a-chip comprising a processing unit, memory components, and a bus. A data processing system can be a personal computer, laptop computer, pocket computer, smartphone, or tablet computer. A data processing system can be a server, a server system, part of a cloud computing system, or a system that emulates a server, such as a server system with appropriate software for running virtual machines. A data processing system can be a processing unit or system-on-a-chip capable of interfaceing with a personal computer, laptop computer, pocket computer, smartphone, tablet computer, and / or a user interface (such as the user interface described above).

[0265] While preferred embodiments have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will understand that these embodiments are provided for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the technical scope of the invention as defined by the claims.

[0266] Whenever relative terms such as “about,” “substantially,” or “approximately” are used in this specification, such terms should be interpreted as including exact terms as well. For example, “substantially straight” should be interpreted as including “(exactly) straight.”

[0267] Whenever steps are listed above or in the claims, note that the order in which the steps are listed in the text may be accidental. That is, unless otherwise specified or obvious to those skilled in the art, the order in which they are described may be contingent. For example, if the specification states that a method comprises steps (A) and (B), this does not necessarily mean that step (A) precedes step (B), but it is possible that step (A) is performed simultaneously with step (B), or that step (B) precedes step (A). Furthermore, when it is said that step (X) precedes another step (Z), this does not mean that there is no step between step (X) and (Z). That is, step (Z) preceding step (X) includes situations in which step (X) is performed immediately before step (Z), but also situations in which (X) is performed before one or more steps (Y1), ..., and the subsequent step (Z). The corresponding considerations apply when terms such as "after" or "before" are used. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0268] 10 products 20 Parallel springs of the first layer 22 Parallel springs of the third layer 24 Parallel springs of the second layer 30 Systems 32 Receptive level section 34 pins 40 Applicable Systems 42. Applicable components such as sprockets, sprockets, application rollers, or screw grippers. 44 tube 46. ​​Guidance elements such as push-down blades and angular blades 48 Drive components 52 Screw 54 Friction element

Claims

1. In a product having multiple springs of at least two layers, Each layer has multiple springs that are substantially parallel, The second layer of springs is placed on top of the first layer of springs. The product is such that the spring of the first layer is rotated 60° to 120°, preferably about 70° to 110°, and more preferably 80° to 100° relative to the spring of the second layer.

2. The aforementioned multiple layers comprise at least three layers of springs, each layer comprising a substantially parallel set of springs. The spring of the third layer is arranged on the second layer, Furthermore, the spring of the second layer is rotated relative to the spring of the third layer by 90°, or more specifically, 80° to 100°, and particularly 85° to 95°. The product according to claim 1, wherein the spring of the first layer is rotated 80° to 100°, particularly 85° to 95°, for example 90°, relative to the spring of the second layer.

3. Springs in the same layer are not interlaced, and in particular, springs in adjacent different layers, as well as springs in the same layer, are not interlaced. The product according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the springs in each layer are connected to at least one spring in the other layers.

4. Each of the springs comprises a flexible strip-shaped material wound spirally along the longitudinal axis of the spring, The product according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the spring has substantially the same steps when substantially unbiased.

5. The product according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the spring is substantially made from wood and / or at least partially from woody plants.

6. A product having the features of any one of claims 1 to 5 and claim 2, wherein the springs of the first layer and the springs of the third layer are arranged alternately in a projection plane perpendicular to the plane of the layer.

7. The product according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the product is a mat.

8. The spring comprises a wood material consisting of at least one of wood and at least part of a woody plant, The product according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the mass fraction of wood material in the spring is at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, and more preferably 90%.

9. In a system for processing multiple springs, The aforementioned system, Product support system, Equipped with a spring application system, The product support system includes a receiving level section configured to receive multiple layers of springs, Each layer is equipped with multiple springs, The plurality of springs in each layer are substantially parallel, The receiving level section comprises a plurality of pins, The spring application system is configured to apply the plurality of springs to the product support system.

10. The product support system further comprises a separation component configured to separate the plurality of springs from the receiving level portion, and a trimming component. The system according to claim 9, wherein the trimming component is configured to trim the edges of the multiple layers of springs.

11. The plurality of pins are arranged along a rectangular grid, and the plurality of pins are arranged at substantially equal intervals along the grid by grid steps. In particular, the system according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the grid step is defined as the distance between adjacent pins parallel to the edge of the grid.

12. The spring has substantially the same steps when substantially unbiased, The system according to claim 11, wherein the grid step is larger than the spring step, at least 20% larger than the spring step, and more preferably at least 30% larger than the spring step.

13. The spring application system comprises a drive system, a feed system, and at least one application component, according to any one of claims 9 to 12.

14. The system according to claim 13, wherein the system comprises a control system configured to control the operation of the system, the control system comprises a data processing system, and the control system is configured to control the drive system.

15. The system according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the at least one application component comprises at least one or more guide elements.

16. The system according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein at least one application component comprises at least one or more shaped wheels, the shaped wheels comprising teeth and / or forks around the shaped wheel.

17. The at least one or more guide elements comprises a plurality of side support elements on the sides of the at least one or more irregularly shaped wheels around the at least one or more irregularly shaped wheels, and / or The spring application system further comprises a synchronization system configured to apply force and / or torque to a received spring in the opposite direction to the feed direction in order to stretch a portion of the received coil, according to claim 16.

18. The system according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the at least one application component comprises a screw, in particular a translational screw, the drive system is configured to rotate the screw, and the at least one or more guide elements comprises at least two screw guide elements.

19. In the method, The aforementioned method, By providing multiple springs, The first set of springs are arranged in the first layer, A method comprising arranging a second plurality of springs in a second layer on the springs of the first layer, wherein the plurality of springs in each layer are substantially parallel, and the springs in the first layer are rotated by 60° to 120°, preferably about 70° to 110°, and more preferably 80° to 100° with respect to the springs in the second layer, and in particular, several layer planes defined by the first layer and the second layer are substantially parallel to each other.

20. The aforementioned method, The method according to claim 19, further comprising arranging a third plurality of springs in a third layer on the second layer, wherein the springs of the first layer are rotated 80° to 100°, particularly 85° to 95°, for example 90°, with respect to the springs of the second layer, and the springs of the second layer are rotated 80° to 100°, particularly 85° to 95°, for example 90°, with respect to the springs of the third layer.

21. The method according to claim 19 or 20, wherein the method involves arranging the springs on a receiving level portion, particularly on a plurality of pins, the plurality of pins being arranged along a rectangular grid, and arranging the first plurality of springs comprises arranging the first plurality of springs on a row of pins of the grid spaced apart by at least one pin, particularly one row of pins.

22. The method according to claim 20 or 21, wherein the springs of the first layer and the springs of the third layer are arranged alternately in a projection plane perpendicular to the layer plane.

23. The arrangement of the plurality of springs includes arranging the plurality of springs in an extended state in each layer, The method according to any one of claims 19 to 22, wherein the plurality of springs are preferably stretched by at least 20% relative to their unbiased state, and more preferably by at least 30%.

24. The method described above comprises using the system described in any one of claims 9 to 18, The aforementioned method, The first plurality of springs are arranged in the receiving level portion, Next, the receiving level portion is rotated 90° relative to the spring application system, The second set of springs is arranged in the receiving level section, Next, the receiving level portion is rotated 90° relative to the spring application system, The method according to any one of claims 20 to 23, further comprising arranging the third plurality of springs.

25. The method is, in particular, the method according to any one of claims 19 to 24, wherein the method comprises separating the springs of the plurality of layers from the receiving level portion without separating the springs of the plurality of layers from each other, and the method having the features of claim 21.

26. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 25, wherein the plurality of springs are substantially made from wood and / or at least partially from woody plants.

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